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【2024年一轮复习模拟卷】第二模拟（浙江专用）- 2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（解析版）
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这是一份【2024年一轮复习模拟卷】第二模拟（浙江专用）- 2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（解析版），共25页。
2024年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷
第二模拟（浙江专用）
注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2023·重庆市育才中学校考三模）What does the girl want to do?
A．Walk her dog. B．Meet her mother. C．Get a dog.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Look! What a cute puppy! Can we take it home?
M: No, we can’t. Your mother and I are very busy. You’re too young to walk the dog alone. We’ll get a dog when you grow up.
2．（2023·重庆市育才中学校考三模）What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．A couple. B．Doctor and patient. C．Co-workers.
【答案】B
【原文】M: How are you feeling today?
W: Well, Dr. Fang. I feel much better than yesterday. But my left leg still hurts when I move it.
M: That’s normal. Don’t walk for the first few days.
3．（2023·重庆实验外国语学校校考三模）How will the man go to the movies?
A．By car. B．By bus. C．On foot.
【答案】C
【原文】M:Mum, can I use the car? I’m going to the movies. There is no bus stop nearby.
W:But your dad has the car. Why don’t you walk to the cinema? It’s close, and it’s a lovely autumn evening.
M:It sounds like a good idea.
4．（2023·重庆·重庆一中校考三模）What do we know about the woman?
A．She had red hair as a kid.
B．She doesn’t like red clothes.
C．She is grateful for her mother.
【答案】A
【原文】M: You have a lot of red-colored clothes.
W: Yes. When I was little, my mother bought me red clothes to match my red hair. But when I got older, my hair changed colors.
M: Oh, yes. I see it’s much darker now.
5．（2023·江苏扬州·高三校考阶段练习）Where are probably the speakers?
A．On the plane. B．At the cinema. C．On the train.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Excuse me, sir. This seems to be my seat.
M: Oh, I’m sorry. My seat is next to yours. Are you here alone for the movie, too?
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2023·福建莆田·高三莆田一中校考）听下面一段较长对话，回答6、7小题。
6．What does the man want to do with the coin on the ground?
A．Buy a small gift.
B．Keep it for himself.
C．Leave it for someone else.
7．What does the woman want to give the homeless man?
A．Money. B．Food. C．Drink.
【答案】6．C 7．B
【原文】W: That’s a coin on the ground.
M: Just leave it there.
W: Why? It’s money!
M: Please don’t pick it up. You don’t need it, do you?
W: Well, not really.
M: Someone else might, though. There are some homeless people around here. If one of them finds it, it might help them get some food or a hot drink.
W: What if they spend it on something bad, like alcohol?
M: Well, we can’t predict what that money will be used for. So, just leave it alone.
W: You’re right. But let’s go further than that. Let’s buy some sandwiches for the man who lives under that bridge.
（2023·湖南湘西·高三测试）听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．Why does Diana say sorry to Peter?
A．She needs to put off her test.
B．She wants to visit another city.
C．She has to give up her travel plan.
9．What does Diana want Peter to do?
A．Help her with her study.
B．Take a book to her friend.
C．Teach a geography lesson.
【答案】8．C 9．B
【原文】W: Hey, Peter, I’m sorry!
M: Hi, Diana, what’s wrong?
W: We were going to Hong Kong this weekend but I’m afraid I can’t go.
M: How come?
W: I have a really big geography test and I have to study for it.
M: We can go next week instead.
W: No, I don’t want to ruin your weekend. You go ahead and please take the book I bought for my friend Sally. Tell her I have to study all weekend because I can’t afford to fail the test.
M: OK, then I’ll go with them. But it’s a pity that you can’t come.
（2023·福建·高三校联考阶段练习）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．How does Joanna feel?
A．Tired. B．Happy. C．Anxious.
11．Why does Joanna want to make breakfast?
A．To look after her sick mum.
B．To pay back her mum.
C．To practise cooking.
12．What can we know about Joanna?
A．She has got married.
B．She can get up early every day.
C．She loves her father more than her mother.
【答案】10．A 11．B 12．A
【原文】M: You look tired now, Joanna.
W: I know. I got up at 4 am to make breakfast for my mother.
M: You are a great daughter.
W: Not really. It is my mother who is wonderful. She gave me life and brought me up very well.
M: So you try to repay her on Mother’s Day.
W: Right. But she has given me so much that it will take hundreds of years to repay her.
M: Maybe we should have Mother’s Day every day instead of just once a year.
W: It’s a good idea, Jeff, But I can’t get up so early to make breakfast for her every day.
M: We should tell our moms how much we love them more often.
W: I agree! I will tell my husband your great idea.
（2023·湖南长沙·高三雅礼中学校考阶段练习）听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Classmates. B．Strangers. C．Teacher and student.
14．What do we know about big talk?
A．It’s always related to small things.
B．It’s about talking proudly about personal abilities.
C．It’s conversation about important issues.
15．Why did Kalina Silverman skip small talk?
A．She thought small talk is unnecessary.
B．She was eager to connect with others.
C．She wanted to make a fantastic video.
16．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．Some phrases. B．School life. C．A meaningful question.
【答案】13．A 14．C 15．B 16．A
【原文】M: We learned about small talk last class. Do you still remember what it is about, Denise?
W: Well, small talk is short conversation about unimportant subjects. It usually happens when people talk with strangers on social occasions.
M: Good answer. And Mr. Lee asked us to do some research on big talk. Have you done it?
W: Of course.
M: Then I will have a few questions for you.
W: Fire away.
M: Here is my first question. What does big talk mean?
W: It’s not about talking big but means long and meaningful conversation about important issues that can help you get to know the other person better.
M: Where does the phrase come from?
W: I don’t know who first used the phrase. It was Kalina Silverman who made this catchy phrase popular.
M: What did she do?
W: When she first arrived at university, she met new people each day, yet still felt a sense of loneliness and disconnected. So, she tried skipping small talk to make big talk, and immediately noticed she was making more meaningful connections with her peers. Encouraged by the reaction, she made a video, where she approached strangers and asked them the question: “What do you want to do before you die?”
M: I have to say you are really well-prepared for next class.
（2023·江苏扬州·高三校考阶段练习）听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．How old is Davyon?
A．13 years old. B．11 years old. C．7 years old.
18．What did Davyon do for Bill?
A．He helped Bill leave the burning house.
B．He got the bottle cap out of Bill’s throat.
C．He called the fire department.
19．What was Davyon doing when he saw smoke?
A．Sitting in his mother’s car.
B．Playing basketball.
C．Playing with his RC car.
20．What is the speaker likely to do next?
A．Give more examples of young people.
B．Present Davyon with a certificate.
C．Play a video of Davyon.
【答案】17．B 18．B 19．A 20．C
【原文】
Davyon Johnson, 11, from Muskogee, doesn’t understand what all the attention is about. In his words, he just “did the right thing”. And while that is true, saving not just one, but two people on the same day is kind of a really big deal.
First off, Davyon was at school and heard a boy say “I’m choking...” A 7th grader called Bill was choking on a water bottle cap. Having learned some first-aid techniques from a video, Davyon took immediate action, and after 3 tries, was able to get the bottle cap to pop out of the boy’s throat.
Then, later the same day, he and his mom were driving home when they saw smoke coming from a house. He asked his mom to stop and he approached the house. He found an elderly woman having trouble leaving the burning house. Davyon stopped and helped her safely exit the house. The fire department soon arrived to take over.
Davyon’s amazing actions caught the attention of The Muskogee Police Department who presented him with a certificate naming him an honorary member of their force.
When he is not saving people, Davyon enjoys wrestling, basketball and RC cars.
Davyon is a great example of the young person. Check out this video and then learn how you can prepare to help others just like Davyon.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2022·浙江·高三学军中学校考阶段练习）We are all aware of the effect greenhouse gas emissions is having on our planet and the efforts needed to tackle climate change. Most of us are doing our bit to minimize our impact on the environment, but despite our collective effort, are we doing enough to achieve net zero by 2050?
Net zero means not adding to the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Many countries are doing their bit by changing how they generate and use power, thereby cutting carbon dioxide output. And they announced what further steps they were going to take at the recent COP26 summit in Glasgow.
In the UK, the government has been setting out its plans to achieve net zero by 2050. It's recently announced an end date for the sale of gas boilers (燃气锅炉)，which are used for heating homes. The idea is to replace them with heat pumps. It’s offering homeowners grants (拨款) of up to £5,000 to get them installed Another initiative in the UK is a big push towards electric vehicles. There are to be financial incentives (激励) for car manufacturers, and more charging points are to be installed in streets. And there’s to be a ban on the sale of new petrol and diesel (柴油) cars by 2030.
But not all emissions can be reduced to zero, so those remaining will have to be compensated for, or offset (抵消). One way to do this is to plant thousands of trees，which are good at absorbing carbon dioxide. The UK government has pledged (保证) to plant 30,000 hectares of trees a year by 2025. There are other ideas too, but what's certain is this will cost money. The CBI's Tom Thackray told the BBC that ''those costs have to be weighed up against the cost of inaction (不作为).”
Whether the UK, or anyone else，reaches net zero remains to be seen. And there’s some doubt about how this can be accurately measured anyway. But it's generally recognized that a global effort is needed to tackle climate change. Therefore, net zero targets only make sense if every other country is moving in the same direction.
21．Which is NOT one of UK government’s plans to achieve net zero?
A．A big push towards electric vehicles.
B．To plant 30,000 hectares of trees a year by 2025.
C．To weigh up the all the costs against the cost of inaction.
D．To replace gas boilers with heat pumps.
22．What does the word “initiative” mean in paragraph 3?
A．A new plan. B．A new grant C．A new law. D．A new ban.
23．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The world will probably reach net zero.
B．One country's efforts are far from enough to achieve net zero.
C．Every other country is moving in the same direction.
D．There’s doubt about how net zero can be accurately measured.
【答案】21．C 22．A 23．B
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了英国政府为实现“净零排放”而制定的一些计划。
21．细节理解题。根据第四段后两句“There are other ideas too, but what's certain is this will cost money. The CBI's Tom Thackray told the BBC that ''those costs have to be weighed up against the cost of inaction."(还有其他的想法，但可以肯定的是，这都将花费金钱。CBI的Tom Thackray告诉BBC，“这些成本必须与不作为的成本进行权衡”)”可知，衡量成本并不是英国政府实现“净零排放”的计划。故选C。
22．词句猜测题。根据第三段首句“In the UK, the government has been setting out its plans to achieve net zero by 2050.(在英国，政府已经制定了到2050年实现“净零排放”的计划)”可知，本段主要讲述为了实现“净零排放”而制定的计划，后文逐条列举讲解，根据划线词initiative前的another可推知，该词表示“新方案；计划”。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段后两句“But it's generally recognized that a global effort is needed to tackle climate change. Therefore, net zero targets only make sense if every other country is moving in the same direction.(但人们普遍认为，应对气候变化需要全球的努力。因此，净零目标只有在所有其他国家都朝着同一方向前进时才有意义) ”可知，一个国家的努力远远不足以实现净零。故选B。
B
（2023·北京·北京四中校考模拟预测）Researchers say a new electrical device placed in three paralyzed patients has helped them walk again. The lower bodies of the three patients were left paralyzed after they suffered spinal (脊柱的) cord injuries. But a device implanted in the spinal cord was able to send electrical signals to the muscles to permit them to stand, walk and exercise.
Scientists have discovered that neurons—which receive and send signals for muscle movements—often still work in injured patients with serious spinal cord injuries. However, past research into spinal cord injuries has centered on the stimulation of neurons. Now in the latest experiment led by Gregoire Courtine and Jocelyne Bloch of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, three paralyzed men were implanted a new electrical device designed to copy an action of the brain, in which it sends signals to the spinal cord that result in muscle movement. When the spinal cord receives the brain signals, it stimulates a collection of nerve cells that can activate different muscles.
The researchers reported that all three patients who got the spinal cord implants were able to take their first steps within an hour after receiving them. Over the next six months, the patients regained the ability to take part in more advanced walking activities, the study found. They were also able to ride bicycles and swim in community settings.
Unlike other attempts to help paralyzed patients walk by stimulating nerves through the back of the spine, Courtine said that his team redesigned the devices so signals would enter the spine from the sides. This method permits more direct targeting and activation of spinal cord areas, he said.
The team then developed artificial intelligence (AI) systems linked to the device. The AI controls electrodes on the device to send signals to stimulate individual nerves that control muscles needed for walking and other activities. However, because the patients’ muscles were weak from not being used, they needed help with supporting their weight, the researchers said. It also took some time for them to learn to work with the technology. Still, Bloch said, “The more they train, the more they start lifting their muscles, the more fluid it becomes.”
24．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A．Courtine and Bloch have found that neurons in paralyzed patients still work.
B．The new electrical device can imitate the brain to send signals to the spinal cord.
C．Three paralyzed men recovered with the help of a new electrical device.
D．Stimulating the neurons is the focus of the latest research into spinal .cord injuries.
25．How does the new device stimulate the spinal cord areas more directly?
A．By stimulating nerves through the back of the spine.
B．By using the AI system.
C．By making signals enter the spine from the sides.
D．By sending the signals to the brain.
26．Which can best describe Bloch’s idea in the last paragraph?
A．Every garden has its weeds.
B．Put the cart (运货马车) before the horse.
C．It's hard to please all.
D．Practice makes perfect.
27．What is the purpose of this text?
A．To report the consequence of spinal cord injuries.
B．To introduce the findings of a recent research.
C．To compare a recent research with other previous researches.
D．To recommend a treatment for paralyzed patients.
【答案】24．B 25．C 26．D 27．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究人员表示，一种安置在三名瘫痪患者身上的新型电子设备已经帮助他们重新行走。
24．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Now in the latest experiment led by Gregoire Courtine and Jocelyne Bloch of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, three paralyzed men were implanted a new electrical device designed to copy an action of the brain, in which it sends signals to the spinal cord that result in muscle movement.(在洛桑瑞士联邦理工学院的格雷瓜尔·库尔蒂纳和乔斯林·布洛赫领导的最新实验中，三个瘫痪的人被植入了一种新的电子设备，用来复制大脑的动作，在这个动作中，它向脊髓发送信号，导致肌肉运动)”可知，这种新的电子设备可以模仿大脑向脊髓发送信号。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Courtine said that his team redesigned the devices so signals would enter the spine from the sides. This method permits more direct targeting and activation of spinal cord areas, he said.(库尔蒂尼说，他的团队重新设计了这些设备，这样信号就可以从两侧进入脊柱。他说，这种方法允许对脊髓区域进行更直接的定位和激活)”可知，这种新设备通过让信号从两侧进入脊柱，更直接地刺激脊髓区域。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Still, Bloch said, “The more they train, the more they start lifting their muscles, the more fluid it becomes.”(尽管如此，布洛赫说，“他们训练得越多，开始锻炼的肌肉越多，肌肉就变得越流畅。”)”可知，越训练就越熟练，可以得出熟能生巧这个观点。A. Every garden has its weeds.人无完人；B. Put the cart before the horse.本末倒置；C. It’s hard to please all.众口难调；D. Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Researchers say a new electrical device placed in three paralyzed patients has helped them walk again.( 研究人员表示，一种安置在三名瘫痪患者身上的新型电子设备已经帮助他们重新行走)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是为了介绍最近一项研究所取得的成果，人造骨髓植入物有望使瘫痪者恢复行走。故选B。
C
（2023·吉林长春·高三长春外国语学校校考期末）Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore — it’s partly made of plastic.
Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth’s atmosphere and traveling across entire continents, according to a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on April 12. Another study, published in the journal Science in June 2020, has revealed that every year more than 1,000 tons of the particles — equivalent to over 120 million plastic bottles — fall in rain.
Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to American magazine Wired.
Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eye, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei around which water vapor condenses to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain, according to the Daily Mail.
Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. “ We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathelyde, Scotland, told Wired. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It (plastic rain) is raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”
28．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．How microplastics are used widely.
B．How microplastics come into being.
C．How microplastics pollute water.
D．How microplastics should be handled.
29．What do we know about microplastics?
A．They are light and can be easily dealt with.
B．They result in both acid rain and plastic rain.
C．They have nearly affected the whole food chain.
D．They have a diameter of at least 5 millimeters.
30．What do Steve Allen’s words mean in the last paragraph?
A．Countries should work together to fight pollution.
B．The atmosphere possesses the capacity to self-cleanse.
C．It is important to remove microplastics somewhere else.
D．No place is safe from microplastic pollution.
31．Which of the following can be the best title?
A．The sources and effects of microplastics.
B．The difference between acid rain and plastic rain.
C．The dangers of microplastics.
D．The microplastics in food chain.
【答案】28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明雨水不再仅仅是由水构成的，它部分由塑料构成。
28．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to American magazine Wired.(微塑料是直径小于5毫米的塑料颗粒，来源多种多样。释放到环境中的塑料袋和塑料瓶被分解成越来越小的碎片。据《每日邮报》报道，一些微塑料是故意制造出来的，以在牙膏和洗面奶等一系列产品中产生磨损作用。另一个主要来源是你的洗衣机。当你洗合成衣物时，微小的微纤维会随着废水一起被冲走。据美国《连线》杂志报道，尽管污水处理厂对这些水进行了处理，但微塑料仍然存在，并被释放到海洋中。)”可知，第三段介绍了微塑料的几种来源，故本段是讲述微塑料是如何产生形成的。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too.(你能想到的任何地方都有微塑料。据《每日邮报》报道，从鱼、青蛙到老鼠、蚊子，他们的体内平均含有40个塑料微粒。作为食物链的顶端，人类也会接触到微塑料。)”可知，微塑料几乎可以在任何地方被发现，由此可推断，微塑料几乎影响了整个食物链。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathelyde, Scotland, told Wired. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It (plastic rain) is raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”(“我们生活在一个泡泡里的球上，”苏格兰斯特拉希利德大学的微塑料研究员Steve Allen告诉《连线》杂志。“没有边界，没有边缘。它(塑料雨)在陆地上下雨，然后再次被吹回空中，移动到其他地方。一旦泄露出去，就无法阻止了。”)”可知，在Steve Allen看来，世界上没有任何一个地方可以免受微塑料的污染。故选D。
31．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore — it’s partly made of plastic.(雨对地球上的生命至关重要。然而，雨水不再仅仅是由水构成的，它部分由塑料构成。)”可知，现在的雨水中含有塑料；文章第三段“Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources.(微塑料是直径小于5毫米的塑料颗粒，来源多种多样。)”；文章第四段“Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with.(塑料雨可能会让人想起酸雨，但前者的影响范围更广，也更难处理。)”可知，文章用雨引出微塑料无处不在这一话题，并分析了微塑料的来源以及影响。故选A。
D
（2023·浙江嘉兴·高三嘉兴一中模拟）Words can show what’s going on in our heads — and pronouns, in particular, may show where our attention is aimed. “You can be focused on yourself for many reasons,” says James Pennebaker, a psychologist at the University of Texas. “Once you appreciate that ‘I’ attracts attention, you see it’s a powerful marker of a speaker’s psychological state.” Here are a few ways in which the use of this tiny pronoun tells big truths.
Generally speaking, depressed people often use more “I” words. This seems to have to do with how long-lasting sadness brings along an inward focus that translates into “I”, “me” and “my” usage. In fact, the poet who overuses “I” in his poetry may be at a higher risk of suicide.
Lower-status people rely on “I” in that “we” words don’t just indicate “you and me” – they can hold many other meanings. On the other hand, using “we” words lets the more powerful speaker decide what group the listener falls into.
Interestingly, women open up and say “I”, and about fourteen percent of women’s words are these less formal personal pronouns compared to only twelve percent for men. “This is a huge statistics difference,” Pennebaker says. Women generally come across as more self-reflective and self-aware than men.
As for online writing, after September 11, “I” talk plummeted, and an analysis of thousands of blogs showed a big drop in “I” words after the attacks. The result was that the use of “we” words jumped at an even higher rate. “A temporary reaction to acute pain is to turn to others. It’s not a coincidence that disaster brings people together,” Pennebaker points out.
Obviously, people who lie tend to avoid “I”. “When you’re lying, you almost distance yourself from the words. In other words, you are not owning your statements.”
32．For what purpose is the use of pronouns being studied?
A．To evaluate the potential effect on people’s actions.
B．To advocate the use of pronouns in daily conversations.
C．To expose the relationship between behavior and speech.
D．To examine the relation between emotions and statements.
33．Compared with men, when women speak they_________.
A．seldom refer to themselves
B．tend to reflect on themselves
C．mainly talk about personal matters
D．choose more formal personal pronouns
34．The underlined word “plummeted” in Paragraph 5 most probably means _________.
A．increased quickly B．appeared suddenly
C．dropped sharply D．disappeared totally
35．What is the main message the text conveys?
A．Communication indicates status differences.
B．Communication suggests more than one can see.
C．Communication means discussion between equals.
D．Communication connects different people together.
【答案】32．D 33．B 34．C 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项对代词的研究和使用这个小代词揭示大真相的几种方式。
32．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Words can show what’s going on in our heads — and pronouns, in particular, may show where our attention is aimed. “You can be focused on yourself for many reasons,” says James Pennebaker, a psychologist at the University of Texas. “Once you appreciate that ‘I’ attracts attention, you see it’s a powerful marker of a speaker’s psychological state.” (单词可以显示出我们脑子里在想什么，尤其是代词，可以显示出我们的注意力在哪里。德克萨斯大学的心理学家James Pennebaker说：“你可以有很多理由关注自己。”“一旦你意识到‘我’吸引了注意力，你就会发现它是说话者心理状态的有力标志。”)”可推知，研究代词的使用是为了检查情绪和言论之间的关系。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Women generally come across as more self-reflective and self-aware than men.(女性通常比男性更能自我反省和自我意识。)”可知，和男人相比，女人说话的时候更倾向于反省自己。故选B项。
34．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“As for online writing, after September 11, “I” talk plummeted, and an analysis of thousands of blogs showed a big drop in “I” words after the attacks.(至于网络写作，在9月11日之后，“我”的话语急剧plummeted，一项对数千个博客的分析显示，“I”字在袭击后大幅减少。)”可知，“我”的话题在袭击后大幅减少，所以推测出画线词是“大幅减少”的意思。故选C项。
35．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了使用“我”这个小代词揭示大真相的几种方式。再根据最后一段“Obviously, people who lie tend to avoid “I”. “When you’re lying, you almost distance yourself from the words. In other words, you are not owning your statements.”(很明显，说谎的人倾向于回避“我”。“当你撒谎的时候，你几乎远离了文字。换言之，你并不拥有自己的言论。”)”可知，这篇文章传递的主要信息是：沟通暗示着不仅仅是你看到的东西。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·浙江宁波·高三镇海中学校考阶段练习）Learn to Cite Sources
During your university education, you’ll be exposed to ideas and scientific theories of scholars and scientists. Unavoidably, your own ideas will be shaped by the ideas you come across. 36 That means you should go beyond what you learn in your textbooks or in the library. Your original work is the basis for your professor’s evaluation of your performance. Thus, academic honesty is fundamental in your university education. It demands that you cite the source materials you base your own work on. 37
Correctly citing your sources helps you distinguish your own ideas from those of other scholars. On the readers’ side, it permits a reader to determine the depth of your research. 38 On the contrary, lack of citing will only raise your reader’s doubt.
So you need to learn when to cite and how to provide an adequate or accurate reference list. If you fail to cite your sources, whether deliberately or carelessly, you will be found responsible for plagiarism (抄袭) . 39 If you are not sure, ask your professor for guidance before submitting the paper or report. Keep in mind this general rule: when in doubt, cite!
40 For example, students from East Asia may think that copying directly from sources is the proper way to do research. Students in France, preparing for the final examination, may be encouraged to memorize whole passages and copy them into papers. Those cultural differences can lead to false assumptions about academic expectations in the country you study in.
A．Some university students may cheat in different ways.
B．These include other scholars’ ideas, figures, graphs and so on.
C．The academic challenge you face is to make something original.
D．Often, students want to use others’ opinions to support their own essays.
E．It also allows a reader to appreciate your original contribution to the research.
F．For international students, it is important to know local academic expectations.
G．Not knowing academic regulations is an unacceptable excuse for such behavior.
【答案】36．C 37．B 38．E 39．G 40．F
【分析】这是一篇说明文。在大学期间，你将接触到学者和科学家的思想和科学理论。不可避免的，你自己的想法会被你遇到的想法所影响。因此会不可避免需要引用原材料的情况，文章针对如何正确地引用原材料进行了一些说明和建议。
36．根据下文That means you should go beyond what you learn in your textbooks or in the library. Your original work is the basis for your professor’s evaluation of your performance.（这意味着你应该超越你在课本或图书馆学到的东西。你的原创作品是教授评价你表现的基础。）可推测上文是提出：你所面对的学术挑战是要原创，故选C。
37．根据上文It demands that you cite the source materials you base your own work on.（它要求在基于你自己工作的基础上引用材料。）下文列举材料包括哪些内容：这些包括其他学者的想法，数字，图表等等。故选B。
38．根据上文On the readers’ side, it permits a reader to determine the depth of your research.（在读者方面，它允许读者决定你的研究的深度。）可知是列举引用材料的优点，可对应到E选项：它也能让读者欣赏你对研究的原创性贡献。故选E。
39．根据下文If you are not sure, ask your professor for guidance before submitting the paper or report.（如果你不确定，在提交论文或报告之前向你的教授寻求指导。）可知上文中的不了解学术规章制度并不是抄袭的借口。故选G。
40．根据下文For example, students from East Asia may think that copying directly from sources is the proper way to do research.例如，东亚的学生可能认为直接从资料中抄袭是做研究的正确方法。可知本段是将对于国际学生来说，了解当地的学术规定是很重要的。故选F。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·江苏南通·高三海安高级中学统考阶段练习）Camping is a rite of passage (成人仪式) if you grow up in Canada. It’s a child’s first 41 of what living in the wild really means. But growing up as an immigrant from India, I thought it was 42 .
Then I 43 26 and started trying new things. I had been 44 mental health issues for quite some time and I discovered being out in nature helped me calm down. 45 , I decided to try camping.
Then I overheard a(n) 46 between my father and mother. “Why does she have to do this? Doesn’t she know she can just stay at home?” my father asked. “This is what Canadian kids do, it’s okay, she’ll be fine!” my mom 47 . My parents had no 48 in me surviving one night in the wild.
My friends and I 49 our campsite in the woods. As the day went on, we ate, played by the water and met our camping neighbors. Time felt like it 50 ; life felt gentler and easier. As the day turned into night, the stars came out and I was amazed by all the 51 lights above me. Morning came. I didn’t even realize I was 52 to leave until we started packing everything up.
I wasn’t just leaving, having accomplished something I 53 thought I would do. I was leaving with a real sense of community, a real sense of 54 for what the great outdoors had to offer, and a completely different 55 to an activity that I had thought strange for so many years.
41．A．attempt B．taste C．proposal D．target
42．A．odd B．awkward C．amazing D．rough
43．A．grew B．observed C．turned D．recalled
44．A．involving B．surviving C．abandoning D．experiencing
45．A．Overall B．Moreover C．Somehow D．Therefore
46．A．argument B．debate C．conversation D．quarrel
47．A．explained B．insisted C．prayed D．interrupted
48．A．mercy B．empathy C．faith D．preference
49．A．set up B．beat down C．drew on D．rose to
50．A．shot up B．slowed down C．broke out D．put off
51．A．swinging B．bouncing C．rolling D．twinkling
52．A．curious B．enthusiastic C．upset D．desperate
53．A．barely B．constantly C．ultimately D．merely
54．A．foundation B．appreciation C．resolution D．recognition
55．A．contrast B．attitude C．priority D．exposure
【答案】
41．B 42．A 43．C 44．D 45．D 46．C 47．A 48．C 49．A 50．B 51．D 52．C 53．A 54．B 55．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者作为印度来的移民参加加拿大的露营活动的经历。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个孩子第一次体会到野外生活的真正意义。A. attempt企图；B. taste体验；C. proposal提议；D. target目标。根据下文“what living in the wild really means”可知，这是一个孩子第一次体会到野外生活的真正意义。故选B。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：句意：但作为一个来自印度的移民，我觉得这很奇怪。A. odd奇怪的；B. awkward令人尴尬的；C. amazing令人诧异的；D. rough粗糙的。根据下文“下文“an activity that I had thought strange for so many years””可知，作者认为把在野外露营作为成人仪式有点奇怪。故选A。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我26岁了，开始尝试新事物。A. grew生长；B. observed观察；C. turned达到（一定年龄或时间）；D. recalled回想起。根据下文“26”可知，作者26岁，空格处意为“达到（一定年龄或时间）”。故选C。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：我经历心理健康问题已经有一段时间了，我发现在大自然中可以帮助我冷静下来。A. involving涉及；B. surviving幸存；C. abandoning放弃；D. experiencing经历。根据下文“mental health issues for quite some time and I discovered being out in nature helped me calm down.”可知，作者经历遭受心理健康问题的折磨，然后他发现大自然能帮助自己冷静下来。故选D。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：句意：因此，我决定试试露营。A. Overall全部地；B. Moreover此外；C. Somehow以某种方式；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“being out in nature helped me calm down.”和下文“I decided to try camping”可知，因此，作者决定试试露营。故选D。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：然后，我无意中听到了父亲和母亲之间的对话。A. argument争论；B. debate辩论；C. conversation对话；D. quarrel吵架。根据下文““Why does she have to do this? Doesn’t she know she can just stay at home?” my father asked. “This is what Canadian kids do, it’s okay, she’ll be fine!””可知，作者无意中听到了父亲和母亲之间的对话。故选C。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就是加拿大孩子做的事，没关系，她会没事的！”我妈妈解释道。A. explained解释；B. insisted坚持；C. prayed祈祷；D. interrupted打断。根据上文“This is what Canadian kids do, it’s okay, she’ll be fine”可知，这是作者妈妈在解释。故选A。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父母不相信我能在野外存活一晚。A. mercy仁慈；B. empathy共鸣；C. faith信念；D. preference偏爱。根据上文“Doesn’t she know she can just stay at home”可知，父母不相信作者能在野外存活一晚，have no faith in意为“不相信”，固定短语。故选C。
49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和朋友们在树林里搭起了露营地。A. set up搭建；B. beat down打倒；C. drew on利用；D. rose to上升到。根据下文“our campsite”可知，作者和朋友们在树林里搭起了露营地。故选A。
50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：时间好像慢了下来。A. shot up射出；B. slowed down慢下来；C. broke out爆发；D. put off推迟。根据下文“life felt gentler and easier”可知，时间好像慢了下来。故选B。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当白天变成夜晚时，星星出来了，我被头顶上闪烁的灯光惊呆了。A. swinging摇摆的；B. bouncing跳跃的；C. rolling旋转的；D. twinkling闪烁的。根据上文“the stars came out”可知，星星出来了，作者被头顶上闪烁的灯光惊呆了。故选D。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到我们开始收拾东西，我才意识到我对离开感到难过。A. curious好奇的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. upset难过的；D. desperate绝望的。根据上文“Time felt like it _____10_____; life felt gentler and easier. As the day turned into night, the stars came out and I was amazed by all the_____11_____lights above me”和下文“to leave”可知，作者在户外感受到了大自然的美好，对离开感到了难过。故选C。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我并不仅仅是简单意义的离开，我完成了一些我几乎没有想过自己会做的事情。A. barely几乎不；B. constantly不断地；C. ultimately最终；D. merely仅仅。根据上文“My parents had no_____8_____in me surviving one night in the wild”可知，作者完成了一些作者几乎没有想过自己会做的事情，空格处意为“几乎不”。故选A。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带着真正的社区意识离开了，带着对伟大的户外所能提供的真正的感激之情离开了，带着一种完全不同的态度对待一项多年来我一直认为很奇怪的活动。A. foundation基础；B. appreciation感激；C. resolution决心；D. recognition认可。根据上文“I wasn’t just leaving, having accomplished something I _____13_____thought I would do”和下文“what the great outdoors had to offer”可知，作者完成了一些几乎没有想过自己会做的事情，因此是带着对伟大的户外所能提供的一切表示感激。故选B。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带着真正的社区意识离开了，带着对伟大的户外所能提供的真正的感激之情离开了，带着一种完全不同的态度对待一项多年来我一直认为很奇怪的活动。A. contrast对比；B. attitude态度；C. priority优先事项；D. exposure暴露。根据下文“an activity that I had thought strange for so many years”可知，作者对露营这种活动有了不同的态度。故选B。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
（2023·河北沧州·高三校考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For Mexican poet Manuel Cuautle 56 (bear) in 1971, Chinese poetry possesses two qualities that make it stand out: naturalness and simplicity. “It is a literature of modernity and tradition, a 57 (combine) that lends it a remarkable uniqueness, which is why it has so many great works,” Cuautle said.
Cuautle knows 58 he’s talking about. From a very young age he has maintained a close relationship 59 Chinese literature. First as a reader and later as a director of the Mexico City International Poetry Festival. As part of this festival, Cuautle has invited Chinese poets 60 (present) their works and give readings in front of a Mexican public. Among his favorites are Liu Chang. Yu Jian and Li Cheng’en.
The relationship grew even 61 (close) in 2013, when his collection of poems The Suicide of the Snail, published in Argentina in 2005, 62 (translate) into Chinese by Zhang Jin, a teacher of classical Chinese literature. And he had a chance to enjoy his translated version being read by a Chinese. 63 (listen) to his work being recited in Chinese gives it 64 whole new dimension. “It’s beautiful to listen to oneself in another language. Some of my books have been translated into English, French, German and Italian, but in Chinese, it’s 65 (extreme) beautiful. It fascinates me,” Cuautle said.
【答案】
56．born 57．combination 58．what 59．with 60．to present 61．closer 62．was translated 63．Listening 64．a 65．extremely
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了墨西哥诗人Manuel Cuautle和中国文化之间的故事。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于1971年出生的墨西哥诗人Cuautle来说，中国诗歌有两个突出的特点：自然和质朴。分析句子可知，空处需要用非谓语动词，bear和Manuel Cuautle是被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用过去分词作后置定语。故填born。
57．考查名词。句意：这是一部现代性和传统性的文学，这种结合赋予了它非凡的独特性，这就是为什么它有这么多伟大的作品。分析句子可知，冠词a后需要可数名词单数形式。故填combination。
58．考查宾语从句。句意：Cuautle知道他在说什么。空处引导宾语从句，从句中少about的宾语，指事物，应用what引导该从句。故填what。
59．考查介词。句意：从很小的时候起，他就与中国文学保持着密切的联系。have a relationship with表“和……有关系”，为固定搭配。故填with。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：Cuautle邀请中国诗人在墨西哥公众面前展示他们的作品并进行朗诵。分析句子可知，这里考查invite sb to do sth表“邀请某人做某事”，为固定搭配，这里不定式作宾补。故填to present。
61．考查形容词比较级。句意：2013年，他的诗集——于2005年在阿根廷出版的《蜗牛的自杀》，由中国古典文学教师张晋翻译成中文，这使Cuautle和中国文化的关系更加密切。分析句子可知，even修饰比较级。故填closer。
62．考查时态语态。句意：2013年，他的诗集——于2005年在阿根廷出版的《蜗牛的自杀》，由中国古典文学教师张晋翻译成中文，这使Cuautle和中国文化的关系更加密切。空处为when引导的定语从句中的谓语形式，事情发生在过去，且his collection of poems和translate是被动关系。故填was translated。
63． 考查非谓语动词。句意：听他用中文背诵他的作品，使它有了全新的维度。分析句子可知，此空应填动名词作主语，表示一般性的行为，且句首时首字母应大写。填Listening。
64．考查冠词。句意：听他用中文背诵他的作品，使它有了全新的维度。分析句子可知，空处表达“一个全新的维度”，表示泛指，且whole为辅音音素开始的单词。故填a。
65．考查副词。句意：我的一些诗集被翻译成了英语、法语、德语和意大利语，但在中文中，它异常优美。分析句子可知，空处应填副词作状语修饰后面形容词 beautiful。故填extremely。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
（2023·浙江杭州·高三校联考测试）假定你是李华。请你给一年前已回国的外教Jason写一封电子邮件，请他邀请他现在的学生参与你设计的“外国学生眼中的中国文化”网络问卷调查。信的内容如下：
1. 写信目的；
2. 问卷目的；
3. 操作方式和提交日期。
注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】
Dear Jason,
I am writing to invite your current students to participate in the online questionnaire "Chinese Culture in the eyes of Foreign Students" , which is designed by me.
This questionnaire is about Chinese culture in the eyes of foreign students. Its purpose is to find out how foreign students view Chinese culture . It can also promote cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries.
The operation process of the questionnaire survey is very simple. Just follow the instructions on the questionnaire step by step. The deadline for this online questionnaire is the end of this month. I would appreciate it if your students could complete the questionnaire as soon as possible. Thank you for your cooperation .
Yours
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教写一封电子邮件，请他邀请他现在的学生参与你设计的“外国学生眼中的中国文化”网络问卷调查。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参与：participate in→take part in
目的：purpose→goal
看待： view→treat
促进： promote→accelerate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This questionnaire is about Chinese culture in the eyes of foreign students.Its purpose is to find out how foreign students view Chinese culture .
拓展句：This questionnaire is about Chinese culture in the eyes of foreign students,whose purpose is to find out how foreign students view Chinese culture .
【点睛】[高分句型1]I am wrting to invite your current students to participate in the online questionnaire "Chinese Culture in the eyes of Foreign Students" ,which is designed by me.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]I would appreciate it if your students could complete the questionnaire as soon as possible.（运用了it做形式宾语）
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
（2023·浙江宁波·高三镇海中学校考阶段练习）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。
Sara Savick remembers one special Easter when she was nine years old. Her parents gave her a baby duckling in a yellow basket.
“Mom said later that she bought the little duck because she felt sorry for it,” recalled Sara. The people at the pet store colored the feathers pink for Easter. Sara named the duck Pinky.
Sara’s mother really didn’t think the baby duck would survive very long. But to her surprise, Pinky grew and got stronger and stronger. Soon, the little duckling was a healthy, hungry duck with white feathers.
“We fed Pinky oatmeal, cooked and uncooked, and small pieces of vegetables,” said Sara. Pinky lived inside the house with Sara and her family. She specially fancied taking baths with Sara. Everyone treated Pinky as a family member.
But just when everything appeared to be perfect, the night of the “talk” came. Sara’s Mom and Dad sat her down, explaining that the best thing for Pinky was to live a normal duck life, with other ducks. It was not natural for ducks to live indoors with a family, her father told her. He added Pinky needed to swim in ponds and do all the same things that ducks in the wild do.
Sara started to cry, knowing what was going to happen. Sara’s parents decided to take Pinky to a park, which was two miles away. There was a pond with a lot of other ducks. Pinky would have the chance to live a natural life and Sara could still visit her.
The big day came, Sara and her parents put Pinky in a box and drove to the park. Sara said that Pinky did not look happy; maybe Pinky was convinced that she was a human, not a duck.
注意:
所续写短文的词数应为 l50 左右;
续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;
Paragraph 1
Everyone was sad when they left Pinky at the pond, even Sara’s father.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
The next morning, when looking out of the kitchen window, Sara couldn’t believe her eyes!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Everyone was sad when they left Pinky at the pond, even Sara’s father. But he tried to convince Sara that Pinky was fine. Walking towards the car, Sara looked over her shoulder and saw Pinky standing alone. The other ducks were swimming around in circles, looking at Pinky. To Sara, it seemed that they were trying to identify the strange animal. They didn’t recognize Pinky as a duck. Worried about Pinky, Sara dreamed of Pinky being bullied by other ducks the whole night.
The next morning, when looking out of the kitchen window, Sara couldn’t believe her eyes! There was Pinky, happily walking around on the grass. Thrilled at what she saw, she kept asking herself,” How did she make it?” After all, it was two miles away and he managed to walk back through the city street. Incredible! But her parents drove Pinky back to the pond again regardless of her request. The following morning, there was Pinky again on the grass! Seeing Pinky again, her father, waving his arms about wildly, moved his lips without saying anything. Meanwhile, Sarah, overjoyed, hugged Pinky tightly, tears streaming down her cheeks.
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。Sara Savick九岁时的复活节，父母送给她一只小鸭子Pinky，在他们的精心照顾下Pinky渐渐长大，有一天父母告诉Sara，Pinky必须回到野外和其他鸭子过一样的生活，他们决定把Pinky带到附近公园的一个池塘，那一天到来了。
【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：当他们把Pinky放到池塘离开时，每个人都很难过……所以应该写Pinky第一天到池塘发生的事情，即他们依依不舍里离开池塘，其他鸭子看到Pinky后的反应及Sara对Pinky的担心等内容。第二段开头是：第二天早上，当向厨房窗户外面看时，Sara不敢相信自己的眼睛……本段应该写Sara看到的情况，即Pinky回到了家里，Sara不知道它是怎么做到的，父母看到后把Pinky放回池塘，但是Pinky再次回到家里，Sara激动得紧紧抱着Pinky。
续写时注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右，按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：looked over，recognize … as，regardless of等高级词汇；Everyone was sad when they left Pinky at the pond中when引导的时间状语从句；Thrilled at what she saw, she kept asking herself,中what引导的宾语从句等高级句式。
2024年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷
第二模拟（浙江专用）
注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．（2023·重庆市育才中学校考三模）What does the girl want to do?
A．Walk her dog. B．Meet her mother. C．Get a dog.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Look! What a cute puppy! Can we take it home?
M: No, we can’t. Your mother and I are very busy. You’re too young to walk the dog alone. We’ll get a dog when you grow up.
2．（2023·重庆市育才中学校考三模）What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．A couple. B．Doctor and patient. C．Co-workers.
【答案】B
【原文】M: How are you feeling today?
W: Well, Dr. Fang. I feel much better than yesterday. But my left leg still hurts when I move it.
M: That’s normal. Don’t walk for the first few days.
3．（2023·重庆实验外国语学校校考三模）How will the man go to the movies?
A．By car. B．By bus. C．On foot.
【答案】C
【原文】M:Mum, can I use the car? I’m going to the movies. There is no bus stop nearby.
W:But your dad has the car. Why don’t you walk to the cinema? It’s close, and it’s a lovely autumn evening.
M:It sounds like a good idea.
4．（2023·重庆·重庆一中校考三模）What do we know about the woman?
A．She had red hair as a kid.
B．She doesn’t like red clothes.
C．She is grateful for her mother.
【答案】A
【原文】M: You have a lot of red-colored clothes.
W: Yes. When I was little, my mother bought me red clothes to match my red hair. But when I got older, my hair changed colors.
M: Oh, yes. I see it’s much darker now.
5．（2023·江苏扬州·高三校考阶段练习）Where are probably the speakers?
A．On the plane. B．At the cinema. C．On the train.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Excuse me, sir. This seems to be my seat.
M: Oh, I’m sorry. My seat is next to yours. Are you here alone for the movie, too?
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
（2023·福建莆田·高三莆田一中校考）听下面一段较长对话，回答6、7小题。
6．What does the man want to do with the coin on the ground?
A．Buy a small gift.
B．Keep it for himself.
C．Leave it for someone else.
7．What does the woman want to give the homeless man?
A．Money. B．Food. C．Drink.
【答案】6．C 7．B
【原文】W: That’s a coin on the ground.
M: Just leave it there.
W: Why? It’s money!
M: Please don’t pick it up. You don’t need it, do you?
W: Well, not really.
M: Someone else might, though. There are some homeless people around here. If one of them finds it, it might help them get some food or a hot drink.
W: What if they spend it on something bad, like alcohol?
M: Well, we can’t predict what that money will be used for. So, just leave it alone.
W: You’re right. But let’s go further than that. Let’s buy some sandwiches for the man who lives under that bridge.
（2023·湖南湘西·高三测试）听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．Why does Diana say sorry to Peter?
A．She needs to put off her test.
B．She wants to visit another city.
C．She has to give up her travel plan.
9．What does Diana want Peter to do?
A．Help her with her study.
B．Take a book to her friend.
C．Teach a geography lesson.
【答案】8．C 9．B
【原文】W: Hey, Peter, I’m sorry!
M: Hi, Diana, what’s wrong?
W: We were going to Hong Kong this weekend but I’m afraid I can’t go.
M: How come?
W: I have a really big geography test and I have to study for it.
M: We can go next week instead.
W: No, I don’t want to ruin your weekend. You go ahead and please take the book I bought for my friend Sally. Tell her I have to study all weekend because I can’t afford to fail the test.
M: OK, then I’ll go with them. But it’s a pity that you can’t come.
（2023·福建·高三校联考阶段练习）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．How does Joanna feel?
A．Tired. B．Happy. C．Anxious.
11．Why does Joanna want to make breakfast?
A．To look after her sick mum.
B．To pay back her mum.
C．To practise cooking.
12．What can we know about Joanna?
A．She has got married.
B．She can get up early every day.
C．She loves her father more than her mother.
【答案】10．A 11．B 12．A
【原文】M: You look tired now, Joanna.
W: I know. I got up at 4 am to make breakfast for my mother.
M: You are a great daughter.
W: Not really. It is my mother who is wonderful. She gave me life and brought me up very well.
M: So you try to repay her on Mother’s Day.
W: Right. But she has given me so much that it will take hundreds of years to repay her.
M: Maybe we should have Mother’s Day every day instead of just once a year.
W: It’s a good idea, Jeff, But I can’t get up so early to make breakfast for her every day.
M: We should tell our moms how much we love them more often.
W: I agree! I will tell my husband your great idea.
（2023·湖南长沙·高三雅礼中学校考阶段练习）听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Classmates. B．Strangers. C．Teacher and student.
14．What do we know about big talk?
A．It’s always related to small things.
B．It’s about talking proudly about personal abilities.
C．It’s conversation about important issues.
15．Why did Kalina Silverman skip small talk?
A．She thought small talk is unnecessary.
B．She was eager to connect with others.
C．She wanted to make a fantastic video.
16．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．Some phrases. B．School life. C．A meaningful question.
【答案】13．A 14．C 15．B 16．A
【原文】M: We learned about small talk last class. Do you still remember what it is about, Denise?
W: Well, small talk is short conversation about unimportant subjects. It usually happens when people talk with strangers on social occasions.
M: Good answer. And Mr. Lee asked us to do some research on big talk. Have you done it?
W: Of course.
M: Then I will have a few questions for you.
W: Fire away.
M: Here is my first question. What does big talk mean?
W: It’s not about talking big but means long and meaningful conversation about important issues that can help you get to know the other person better.
M: Where does the phrase come from?
W: I don’t know who first used the phrase. It was Kalina Silverman who made this catchy phrase popular.
M: What did she do?
W: When she first arrived at university, she met new people each day, yet still felt a sense of loneliness and disconnected. So, she tried skipping small talk to make big talk, and immediately noticed she was making more meaningful connections with her peers. Encouraged by the reaction, she made a video, where she approached strangers and asked them the question: “What do you want to do before you die?”
M: I have to say you are really well-prepared for next class.
（2023·江苏扬州·高三校考阶段练习）听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．How old is Davyon?
A．13 years old. B．11 years old. C．7 years old.
18．What did Davyon do for Bill?
A．He helped Bill leave the burning house.
B．He got the bottle cap out of Bill’s throat.
C．He called the fire department.
19．What was Davyon doing when he saw smoke?
A．Sitting in his mother’s car.
B．Playing basketball.
C．Playing with his RC car.
20．What is the speaker likely to do next?
A．Give more examples of young people.
B．Present Davyon with a certificate.
C．Play a video of Davyon.
【答案】17．B 18．B 19．A 20．C
【原文】
Davyon Johnson, 11, from Muskogee, doesn’t understand what all the attention is about. In his words, he just “did the right thing”. And while that is true, saving not just one, but two people on the same day is kind of a really big deal.
First off, Davyon was at school and heard a boy say “I’m choking...” A 7th grader called Bill was choking on a water bottle cap. Having learned some first-aid techniques from a video, Davyon took immediate action, and after 3 tries, was able to get the bottle cap to pop out of the boy’s throat.
Then, later the same day, he and his mom were driving home when they saw smoke coming from a house. He asked his mom to stop and he approached the house. He found an elderly woman having trouble leaving the burning house. Davyon stopped and helped her safely exit the house. The fire department soon arrived to take over.
Davyon’s amazing actions caught the attention of The Muskogee Police Department who presented him with a certificate naming him an honorary member of their force.
When he is not saving people, Davyon enjoys wrestling, basketball and RC cars.
Davyon is a great example of the young person. Check out this video and then learn how you can prepare to help others just like Davyon.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2022·浙江·高三学军中学校考阶段练习）We are all aware of the effect greenhouse gas emissions is having on our planet and the efforts needed to tackle climate change. Most of us are doing our bit to minimize our impact on the environment, but despite our collective effort, are we doing enough to achieve net zero by 2050?
Net zero means not adding to the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Many countries are doing their bit by changing how they generate and use power, thereby cutting carbon dioxide output. And they announced what further steps they were going to take at the recent COP26 summit in Glasgow.
In the UK, the government has been setting out its plans to achieve net zero by 2050. It's recently announced an end date for the sale of gas boilers (燃气锅炉)，which are used for heating homes. The idea is to replace them with heat pumps. It’s offering homeowners grants (拨款) of up to £5,000 to get them installed Another initiative in the UK is a big push towards electric vehicles. There are to be financial incentives (激励) for car manufacturers, and more charging points are to be installed in streets. And there’s to be a ban on the sale of new petrol and diesel (柴油) cars by 2030.
But not all emissions can be reduced to zero, so those remaining will have to be compensated for, or offset (抵消). One way to do this is to plant thousands of trees，which are good at absorbing carbon dioxide. The UK government has pledged (保证) to plant 30,000 hectares of trees a year by 2025. There are other ideas too, but what's certain is this will cost money. The CBI's Tom Thackray told the BBC that ''those costs have to be weighed up against the cost of inaction (不作为).”
Whether the UK, or anyone else，reaches net zero remains to be seen. And there’s some doubt about how this can be accurately measured anyway. But it's generally recognized that a global effort is needed to tackle climate change. Therefore, net zero targets only make sense if every other country is moving in the same direction.
21．Which is NOT one of UK government’s plans to achieve net zero?
A．A big push towards electric vehicles.
B．To plant 30,000 hectares of trees a year by 2025.
C．To weigh up the all the costs against the cost of inaction.
D．To replace gas boilers with heat pumps.
22．What does the word “initiative” mean in paragraph 3?
A．A new plan. B．A new grant C．A new law. D．A new ban.
23．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The world will probably reach net zero.
B．One country's efforts are far from enough to achieve net zero.
C．Every other country is moving in the same direction.
D．There’s doubt about how net zero can be accurately measured.
【答案】21．C 22．A 23．B
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了英国政府为实现“净零排放”而制定的一些计划。
21．细节理解题。根据第四段后两句“There are other ideas too, but what's certain is this will cost money. The CBI's Tom Thackray told the BBC that ''those costs have to be weighed up against the cost of inaction."(还有其他的想法，但可以肯定的是，这都将花费金钱。CBI的Tom Thackray告诉BBC，“这些成本必须与不作为的成本进行权衡”)”可知，衡量成本并不是英国政府实现“净零排放”的计划。故选C。
22．词句猜测题。根据第三段首句“In the UK, the government has been setting out its plans to achieve net zero by 2050.(在英国，政府已经制定了到2050年实现“净零排放”的计划)”可知，本段主要讲述为了实现“净零排放”而制定的计划，后文逐条列举讲解，根据划线词initiative前的another可推知，该词表示“新方案；计划”。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段后两句“But it's generally recognized that a global effort is needed to tackle climate change. Therefore, net zero targets only make sense if every other country is moving in the same direction.(但人们普遍认为，应对气候变化需要全球的努力。因此，净零目标只有在所有其他国家都朝着同一方向前进时才有意义) ”可知，一个国家的努力远远不足以实现净零。故选B。
B
（2023·北京·北京四中校考模拟预测）Researchers say a new electrical device placed in three paralyzed patients has helped them walk again. The lower bodies of the three patients were left paralyzed after they suffered spinal (脊柱的) cord injuries. But a device implanted in the spinal cord was able to send electrical signals to the muscles to permit them to stand, walk and exercise.
Scientists have discovered that neurons—which receive and send signals for muscle movements—often still work in injured patients with serious spinal cord injuries. However, past research into spinal cord injuries has centered on the stimulation of neurons. Now in the latest experiment led by Gregoire Courtine and Jocelyne Bloch of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, three paralyzed men were implanted a new electrical device designed to copy an action of the brain, in which it sends signals to the spinal cord that result in muscle movement. When the spinal cord receives the brain signals, it stimulates a collection of nerve cells that can activate different muscles.
The researchers reported that all three patients who got the spinal cord implants were able to take their first steps within an hour after receiving them. Over the next six months, the patients regained the ability to take part in more advanced walking activities, the study found. They were also able to ride bicycles and swim in community settings.
Unlike other attempts to help paralyzed patients walk by stimulating nerves through the back of the spine, Courtine said that his team redesigned the devices so signals would enter the spine from the sides. This method permits more direct targeting and activation of spinal cord areas, he said.
The team then developed artificial intelligence (AI) systems linked to the device. The AI controls electrodes on the device to send signals to stimulate individual nerves that control muscles needed for walking and other activities. However, because the patients’ muscles were weak from not being used, they needed help with supporting their weight, the researchers said. It also took some time for them to learn to work with the technology. Still, Bloch said, “The more they train, the more they start lifting their muscles, the more fluid it becomes.”
24．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A．Courtine and Bloch have found that neurons in paralyzed patients still work.
B．The new electrical device can imitate the brain to send signals to the spinal cord.
C．Three paralyzed men recovered with the help of a new electrical device.
D．Stimulating the neurons is the focus of the latest research into spinal .cord injuries.
25．How does the new device stimulate the spinal cord areas more directly?
A．By stimulating nerves through the back of the spine.
B．By using the AI system.
C．By making signals enter the spine from the sides.
D．By sending the signals to the brain.
26．Which can best describe Bloch’s idea in the last paragraph?
A．Every garden has its weeds.
B．Put the cart (运货马车) before the horse.
C．It's hard to please all.
D．Practice makes perfect.
27．What is the purpose of this text?
A．To report the consequence of spinal cord injuries.
B．To introduce the findings of a recent research.
C．To compare a recent research with other previous researches.
D．To recommend a treatment for paralyzed patients.
【答案】24．B 25．C 26．D 27．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究人员表示，一种安置在三名瘫痪患者身上的新型电子设备已经帮助他们重新行走。
24．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Now in the latest experiment led by Gregoire Courtine and Jocelyne Bloch of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, three paralyzed men were implanted a new electrical device designed to copy an action of the brain, in which it sends signals to the spinal cord that result in muscle movement.(在洛桑瑞士联邦理工学院的格雷瓜尔·库尔蒂纳和乔斯林·布洛赫领导的最新实验中，三个瘫痪的人被植入了一种新的电子设备，用来复制大脑的动作，在这个动作中，它向脊髓发送信号，导致肌肉运动)”可知，这种新的电子设备可以模仿大脑向脊髓发送信号。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Courtine said that his team redesigned the devices so signals would enter the spine from the sides. This method permits more direct targeting and activation of spinal cord areas, he said.(库尔蒂尼说，他的团队重新设计了这些设备，这样信号就可以从两侧进入脊柱。他说，这种方法允许对脊髓区域进行更直接的定位和激活)”可知，这种新设备通过让信号从两侧进入脊柱，更直接地刺激脊髓区域。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Still, Bloch said, “The more they train, the more they start lifting their muscles, the more fluid it becomes.”(尽管如此，布洛赫说，“他们训练得越多，开始锻炼的肌肉越多，肌肉就变得越流畅。”)”可知，越训练就越熟练，可以得出熟能生巧这个观点。A. Every garden has its weeds.人无完人；B. Put the cart before the horse.本末倒置；C. It’s hard to please all.众口难调；D. Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Researchers say a new electrical device placed in three paralyzed patients has helped them walk again.( 研究人员表示，一种安置在三名瘫痪患者身上的新型电子设备已经帮助他们重新行走)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是为了介绍最近一项研究所取得的成果，人造骨髓植入物有望使瘫痪者恢复行走。故选B。
C
（2023·吉林长春·高三长春外国语学校校考期末）Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore — it’s partly made of plastic.
Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth’s atmosphere and traveling across entire continents, according to a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on April 12. Another study, published in the journal Science in June 2020, has revealed that every year more than 1,000 tons of the particles — equivalent to over 120 million plastic bottles — fall in rain.
Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to American magazine Wired.
Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with. The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eye, are collected by the wind from the ground. They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe. As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei around which water vapor condenses to form clouds. Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain, according to the Daily Mail.
Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too. “ We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathelyde, Scotland, told Wired. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It (plastic rain) is raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”
28．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．How microplastics are used widely.
B．How microplastics come into being.
C．How microplastics pollute water.
D．How microplastics should be handled.
29．What do we know about microplastics?
A．They are light and can be easily dealt with.
B．They result in both acid rain and plastic rain.
C．They have nearly affected the whole food chain.
D．They have a diameter of at least 5 millimeters.
30．What do Steve Allen’s words mean in the last paragraph?
A．Countries should work together to fight pollution.
B．The atmosphere possesses the capacity to self-cleanse.
C．It is important to remove microplastics somewhere else.
D．No place is safe from microplastic pollution.
31．Which of the following can be the best title?
A．The sources and effects of microplastics.
B．The difference between acid rain and plastic rain.
C．The dangers of microplastics.
D．The microplastics in food chain.
【答案】28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明雨水不再仅仅是由水构成的，它部分由塑料构成。
28．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources. Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits. Some microplastics are manufactured deliberately to provide abrasion in a host of products, such as toothpaste and cleansers, according to the Daily Mail. Another major source is your washing machine. When you wash synthetic clothing, tiny microfibers get flushed away with the wastewater. Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea, according to American magazine Wired.(微塑料是直径小于5毫米的塑料颗粒，来源多种多样。释放到环境中的塑料袋和塑料瓶被分解成越来越小的碎片。据《每日邮报》报道，一些微塑料是故意制造出来的，以在牙膏和洗面奶等一系列产品中产生磨损作用。另一个主要来源是你的洗衣机。当你洗合成衣物时，微小的微纤维会随着废水一起被冲走。据美国《连线》杂志报道，尽管污水处理厂对这些水进行了处理，但微塑料仍然存在，并被释放到海洋中。)”可知，第三段介绍了微塑料的几种来源，故本段是讲述微塑料是如何产生形成的。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine. From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found, on average, to contain 40 pieces of microplastic, reported Daily Mail. As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too.(你能想到的任何地方都有微塑料。据《每日邮报》报道，从鱼、青蛙到老鼠、蚊子，他们的体内平均含有40个塑料微粒。作为食物链的顶端，人类也会接触到微塑料。)”可知，微塑料几乎可以在任何地方被发现，由此可推断，微塑料几乎影响了整个食物链。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““We live on a ball inside a bubble,” microplastic researcher Steve Allen at University of Strathelyde, Scotland, told Wired. “There are no borders, there are no edges. It (plastic rain) is raining on the land and then getting blown back up into the air again, to move somewhere else. There’s no stopping it once it’s out.”(“我们生活在一个泡泡里的球上，”苏格兰斯特拉希利德大学的微塑料研究员Steve Allen告诉《连线》杂志。“没有边界，没有边缘。它(塑料雨)在陆地上下雨，然后再次被吹回空中，移动到其他地方。一旦泄露出去，就无法阻止了。”)”可知，在Steve Allen看来，世界上没有任何一个地方可以免受微塑料的污染。故选D。
31．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Rain is vital to life on Earth. However, rain isn’t just made of water anymore — it’s partly made of plastic.(雨对地球上的生命至关重要。然而，雨水不再仅仅是由水构成的，它部分由塑料构成。)”可知，现在的雨水中含有塑料；文章第三段“Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources.(微塑料是直径小于5毫米的塑料颗粒，来源多种多样。)”；文章第四段“Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with.(塑料雨可能会让人想起酸雨，但前者的影响范围更广，也更难处理。)”可知，文章用雨引出微塑料无处不在这一话题，并分析了微塑料的来源以及影响。故选A。
D
（2023·浙江嘉兴·高三嘉兴一中模拟）Words can show what’s going on in our heads — and pronouns, in particular, may show where our attention is aimed. “You can be focused on yourself for many reasons,” says James Pennebaker, a psychologist at the University of Texas. “Once you appreciate that ‘I’ attracts attention, you see it’s a powerful marker of a speaker’s psychological state.” Here are a few ways in which the use of this tiny pronoun tells big truths.
Generally speaking, depressed people often use more “I” words. This seems to have to do with how long-lasting sadness brings along an inward focus that translates into “I”, “me” and “my” usage. In fact, the poet who overuses “I” in his poetry may be at a higher risk of suicide.
Lower-status people rely on “I” in that “we” words don’t just indicate “you and me” – they can hold many other meanings. On the other hand, using “we” words lets the more powerful speaker decide what group the listener falls into.
Interestingly, women open up and say “I”, and about fourteen percent of women’s words are these less formal personal pronouns compared to only twelve percent for men. “This is a huge statistics difference,” Pennebaker says. Women generally come across as more self-reflective and self-aware than men.
As for online writing, after September 11, “I” talk plummeted, and an analysis of thousands of blogs showed a big drop in “I” words after the attacks. The result was that the use of “we” words jumped at an even higher rate. “A temporary reaction to acute pain is to turn to others. It’s not a coincidence that disaster brings people together,” Pennebaker points out.
Obviously, people who lie tend to avoid “I”. “When you’re lying, you almost distance yourself from the words. In other words, you are not owning your statements.”
32．For what purpose is the use of pronouns being studied?
A．To evaluate the potential effect on people’s actions.
B．To advocate the use of pronouns in daily conversations.
C．To expose the relationship between behavior and speech.
D．To examine the relation between emotions and statements.
33．Compared with men, when women speak they_________.
A．seldom refer to themselves
B．tend to reflect on themselves
C．mainly talk about personal matters
D．choose more formal personal pronouns
34．The underlined word “plummeted” in Paragraph 5 most probably means _________.
A．increased quickly B．appeared suddenly
C．dropped sharply D．disappeared totally
35．What is the main message the text conveys?
A．Communication indicates status differences.
B．Communication suggests more than one can see.
C．Communication means discussion between equals.
D．Communication connects different people together.
【答案】32．D 33．B 34．C 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项对代词的研究和使用这个小代词揭示大真相的几种方式。
32．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Words can show what’s going on in our heads — and pronouns, in particular, may show where our attention is aimed. “You can be focused on yourself for many reasons,” says James Pennebaker, a psychologist at the University of Texas. “Once you appreciate that ‘I’ attracts attention, you see it’s a powerful marker of a speaker’s psychological state.” (单词可以显示出我们脑子里在想什么，尤其是代词，可以显示出我们的注意力在哪里。德克萨斯大学的心理学家James Pennebaker说：“你可以有很多理由关注自己。”“一旦你意识到‘我’吸引了注意力，你就会发现它是说话者心理状态的有力标志。”)”可推知，研究代词的使用是为了检查情绪和言论之间的关系。故选D项。
33．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Women generally come across as more self-reflective and self-aware than men.(女性通常比男性更能自我反省和自我意识。)”可知，和男人相比，女人说话的时候更倾向于反省自己。故选B项。
34．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“As for online writing, after September 11, “I” talk plummeted, and an analysis of thousands of blogs showed a big drop in “I” words after the attacks.(至于网络写作，在9月11日之后，“我”的话语急剧plummeted，一项对数千个博客的分析显示，“I”字在袭击后大幅减少。)”可知，“我”的话题在袭击后大幅减少，所以推测出画线词是“大幅减少”的意思。故选C项。
35．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了使用“我”这个小代词揭示大真相的几种方式。再根据最后一段“Obviously, people who lie tend to avoid “I”. “When you’re lying, you almost distance yourself from the words. In other words, you are not owning your statements.”(很明显，说谎的人倾向于回避“我”。“当你撒谎的时候，你几乎远离了文字。换言之，你并不拥有自己的言论。”)”可知，这篇文章传递的主要信息是：沟通暗示着不仅仅是你看到的东西。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·浙江宁波·高三镇海中学校考阶段练习）Learn to Cite Sources
During your university education, you’ll be exposed to ideas and scientific theories of scholars and scientists. Unavoidably, your own ideas will be shaped by the ideas you come across. 36 That means you should go beyond what you learn in your textbooks or in the library. Your original work is the basis for your professor’s evaluation of your performance. Thus, academic honesty is fundamental in your university education. It demands that you cite the source materials you base your own work on. 37
Correctly citing your sources helps you distinguish your own ideas from those of other scholars. On the readers’ side, it permits a reader to determine the depth of your research. 38 On the contrary, lack of citing will only raise your reader’s doubt.
So you need to learn when to cite and how to provide an adequate or accurate reference list. If you fail to cite your sources, whether deliberately or carelessly, you will be found responsible for plagiarism (抄袭) . 39 If you are not sure, ask your professor for guidance before submitting the paper or report. Keep in mind this general rule: when in doubt, cite!
40 For example, students from East Asia may think that copying directly from sources is the proper way to do research. Students in France, preparing for the final examination, may be encouraged to memorize whole passages and copy them into papers. Those cultural differences can lead to false assumptions about academic expectations in the country you study in.
A．Some university students may cheat in different ways.
B．These include other scholars’ ideas, figures, graphs and so on.
C．The academic challenge you face is to make something original.
D．Often, students want to use others’ opinions to support their own essays.
E．It also allows a reader to appreciate your original contribution to the research.
F．For international students, it is important to know local academic expectations.
G．Not knowing academic regulations is an unacceptable excuse for such behavior.
【答案】36．C 37．B 38．E 39．G 40．F
【分析】这是一篇说明文。在大学期间，你将接触到学者和科学家的思想和科学理论。不可避免的，你自己的想法会被你遇到的想法所影响。因此会不可避免需要引用原材料的情况，文章针对如何正确地引用原材料进行了一些说明和建议。
36．根据下文That means you should go beyond what you learn in your textbooks or in the library. Your original work is the basis for your professor’s evaluation of your performance.（这意味着你应该超越你在课本或图书馆学到的东西。你的原创作品是教授评价你表现的基础。）可推测上文是提出：你所面对的学术挑战是要原创，故选C。
37．根据上文It demands that you cite the source materials you base your own work on.（它要求在基于你自己工作的基础上引用材料。）下文列举材料包括哪些内容：这些包括其他学者的想法，数字，图表等等。故选B。
38．根据上文On the readers’ side, it permits a reader to determine the depth of your research.（在读者方面，它允许读者决定你的研究的深度。）可知是列举引用材料的优点，可对应到E选项：它也能让读者欣赏你对研究的原创性贡献。故选E。
39．根据下文If you are not sure, ask your professor for guidance before submitting the paper or report.（如果你不确定，在提交论文或报告之前向你的教授寻求指导。）可知上文中的不了解学术规章制度并不是抄袭的借口。故选G。
40．根据下文For example, students from East Asia may think that copying directly from sources is the proper way to do research.例如，东亚的学生可能认为直接从资料中抄袭是做研究的正确方法。可知本段是将对于国际学生来说，了解当地的学术规定是很重要的。故选F。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·江苏南通·高三海安高级中学统考阶段练习）Camping is a rite of passage (成人仪式) if you grow up in Canada. It’s a child’s first 41 of what living in the wild really means. But growing up as an immigrant from India, I thought it was 42 .
Then I 43 26 and started trying new things. I had been 44 mental health issues for quite some time and I discovered being out in nature helped me calm down. 45 , I decided to try camping.
Then I overheard a(n) 46 between my father and mother. “Why does she have to do this? Doesn’t she know she can just stay at home?” my father asked. “This is what Canadian kids do, it’s okay, she’ll be fine!” my mom 47 . My parents had no 48 in me surviving one night in the wild.
My friends and I 49 our campsite in the woods. As the day went on, we ate, played by the water and met our camping neighbors. Time felt like it 50 ; life felt gentler and easier. As the day turned into night, the stars came out and I was amazed by all the 51 lights above me. Morning came. I didn’t even realize I was 52 to leave until we started packing everything up.
I wasn’t just leaving, having accomplished something I 53 thought I would do. I was leaving with a real sense of community, a real sense of 54 for what the great outdoors had to offer, and a completely different 55 to an activity that I had thought strange for so many years.
41．A．attempt B．taste C．proposal D．target
42．A．odd B．awkward C．amazing D．rough
43．A．grew B．observed C．turned D．recalled
44．A．involving B．surviving C．abandoning D．experiencing
45．A．Overall B．Moreover C．Somehow D．Therefore
46．A．argument B．debate C．conversation D．quarrel
47．A．explained B．insisted C．prayed D．interrupted
48．A．mercy B．empathy C．faith D．preference
49．A．set up B．beat down C．drew on D．rose to
50．A．shot up B．slowed down C．broke out D．put off
51．A．swinging B．bouncing C．rolling D．twinkling
52．A．curious B．enthusiastic C．upset D．desperate
53．A．barely B．constantly C．ultimately D．merely
54．A．foundation B．appreciation C．resolution D．recognition
55．A．contrast B．attitude C．priority D．exposure
【答案】
41．B 42．A 43．C 44．D 45．D 46．C 47．A 48．C 49．A 50．B 51．D 52．C 53．A 54．B 55．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者作为印度来的移民参加加拿大的露营活动的经历。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个孩子第一次体会到野外生活的真正意义。A. attempt企图；B. taste体验；C. proposal提议；D. target目标。根据下文“what living in the wild really means”可知，这是一个孩子第一次体会到野外生活的真正意义。故选B。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：句意：但作为一个来自印度的移民，我觉得这很奇怪。A. odd奇怪的；B. awkward令人尴尬的；C. amazing令人诧异的；D. rough粗糙的。根据下文“下文“an activity that I had thought strange for so many years””可知，作者认为把在野外露营作为成人仪式有点奇怪。故选A。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我26岁了，开始尝试新事物。A. grew生长；B. observed观察；C. turned达到（一定年龄或时间）；D. recalled回想起。根据下文“26”可知，作者26岁，空格处意为“达到（一定年龄或时间）”。故选C。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：我经历心理健康问题已经有一段时间了，我发现在大自然中可以帮助我冷静下来。A. involving涉及；B. surviving幸存；C. abandoning放弃；D. experiencing经历。根据下文“mental health issues for quite some time and I discovered being out in nature helped me calm down.”可知，作者经历遭受心理健康问题的折磨，然后他发现大自然能帮助自己冷静下来。故选D。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：句意：因此，我决定试试露营。A. Overall全部地；B. Moreover此外；C. Somehow以某种方式；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“being out in nature helped me calm down.”和下文“I decided to try camping”可知，因此，作者决定试试露营。故选D。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：然后，我无意中听到了父亲和母亲之间的对话。A. argument争论；B. debate辩论；C. conversation对话；D. quarrel吵架。根据下文““Why does she have to do this? Doesn’t she know she can just stay at home?” my father asked. “This is what Canadian kids do, it’s okay, she’ll be fine!””可知，作者无意中听到了父亲和母亲之间的对话。故选C。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就是加拿大孩子做的事，没关系，她会没事的！”我妈妈解释道。A. explained解释；B. insisted坚持；C. prayed祈祷；D. interrupted打断。根据上文“This is what Canadian kids do, it’s okay, she’ll be fine”可知，这是作者妈妈在解释。故选A。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父母不相信我能在野外存活一晚。A. mercy仁慈；B. empathy共鸣；C. faith信念；D. preference偏爱。根据上文“Doesn’t she know she can just stay at home”可知，父母不相信作者能在野外存活一晚，have no faith in意为“不相信”，固定短语。故选C。
49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和朋友们在树林里搭起了露营地。A. set up搭建；B. beat down打倒；C. drew on利用；D. rose to上升到。根据下文“our campsite”可知，作者和朋友们在树林里搭起了露营地。故选A。
50．考查动词短语辨析。句意：时间好像慢了下来。A. shot up射出；B. slowed down慢下来；C. broke out爆发；D. put off推迟。根据下文“life felt gentler and easier”可知，时间好像慢了下来。故选B。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当白天变成夜晚时，星星出来了，我被头顶上闪烁的灯光惊呆了。A. swinging摇摆的；B. bouncing跳跃的；C. rolling旋转的；D. twinkling闪烁的。根据上文“the stars came out”可知，星星出来了，作者被头顶上闪烁的灯光惊呆了。故选D。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到我们开始收拾东西，我才意识到我对离开感到难过。A. curious好奇的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. upset难过的；D. desperate绝望的。根据上文“Time felt like it _____10_____; life felt gentler and easier. As the day turned into night, the stars came out and I was amazed by all the_____11_____lights above me”和下文“to leave”可知，作者在户外感受到了大自然的美好，对离开感到了难过。故选C。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我并不仅仅是简单意义的离开，我完成了一些我几乎没有想过自己会做的事情。A. barely几乎不；B. constantly不断地；C. ultimately最终；D. merely仅仅。根据上文“My parents had no_____8_____in me surviving one night in the wild”可知，作者完成了一些作者几乎没有想过自己会做的事情，空格处意为“几乎不”。故选A。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带着真正的社区意识离开了，带着对伟大的户外所能提供的真正的感激之情离开了，带着一种完全不同的态度对待一项多年来我一直认为很奇怪的活动。A. foundation基础；B. appreciation感激；C. resolution决心；D. recognition认可。根据上文“I wasn’t just leaving, having accomplished something I _____13_____thought I would do”和下文“what the great outdoors had to offer”可知，作者完成了一些几乎没有想过自己会做的事情，因此是带着对伟大的户外所能提供的一切表示感激。故选B。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带着真正的社区意识离开了，带着对伟大的户外所能提供的真正的感激之情离开了，带着一种完全不同的态度对待一项多年来我一直认为很奇怪的活动。A. contrast对比；B. attitude态度；C. priority优先事项；D. exposure暴露。根据下文“an activity that I had thought strange for so many years”可知，作者对露营这种活动有了不同的态度。故选B。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
（2023·河北沧州·高三校考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For Mexican poet Manuel Cuautle 56 (bear) in 1971, Chinese poetry possesses two qualities that make it stand out: naturalness and simplicity. “It is a literature of modernity and tradition, a 57 (combine) that lends it a remarkable uniqueness, which is why it has so many great works,” Cuautle said.
Cuautle knows 58 he’s talking about. From a very young age he has maintained a close relationship 59 Chinese literature. First as a reader and later as a director of the Mexico City International Poetry Festival. As part of this festival, Cuautle has invited Chinese poets 60 (present) their works and give readings in front of a Mexican public. Among his favorites are Liu Chang. Yu Jian and Li Cheng’en.
The relationship grew even 61 (close) in 2013, when his collection of poems The Suicide of the Snail, published in Argentina in 2005, 62 (translate) into Chinese by Zhang Jin, a teacher of classical Chinese literature. And he had a chance to enjoy his translated version being read by a Chinese. 63 (listen) to his work being recited in Chinese gives it 64 whole new dimension. “It’s beautiful to listen to oneself in another language. Some of my books have been translated into English, French, German and Italian, but in Chinese, it’s 65 (extreme) beautiful. It fascinates me,” Cuautle said.
【答案】
56．born 57．combination 58．what 59．with 60．to present 61．closer 62．was translated 63．Listening 64．a 65．extremely
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了墨西哥诗人Manuel Cuautle和中国文化之间的故事。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于1971年出生的墨西哥诗人Cuautle来说，中国诗歌有两个突出的特点：自然和质朴。分析句子可知，空处需要用非谓语动词，bear和Manuel Cuautle是被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用过去分词作后置定语。故填born。
57．考查名词。句意：这是一部现代性和传统性的文学，这种结合赋予了它非凡的独特性，这就是为什么它有这么多伟大的作品。分析句子可知，冠词a后需要可数名词单数形式。故填combination。
58．考查宾语从句。句意：Cuautle知道他在说什么。空处引导宾语从句，从句中少about的宾语，指事物，应用what引导该从句。故填what。
59．考查介词。句意：从很小的时候起，他就与中国文学保持着密切的联系。have a relationship with表“和……有关系”，为固定搭配。故填with。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：Cuautle邀请中国诗人在墨西哥公众面前展示他们的作品并进行朗诵。分析句子可知，这里考查invite sb to do sth表“邀请某人做某事”，为固定搭配，这里不定式作宾补。故填to present。
61．考查形容词比较级。句意：2013年，他的诗集——于2005年在阿根廷出版的《蜗牛的自杀》，由中国古典文学教师张晋翻译成中文，这使Cuautle和中国文化的关系更加密切。分析句子可知，even修饰比较级。故填closer。
62．考查时态语态。句意：2013年，他的诗集——于2005年在阿根廷出版的《蜗牛的自杀》，由中国古典文学教师张晋翻译成中文，这使Cuautle和中国文化的关系更加密切。空处为when引导的定语从句中的谓语形式，事情发生在过去，且his collection of poems和translate是被动关系。故填was translated。
63． 考查非谓语动词。句意：听他用中文背诵他的作品，使它有了全新的维度。分析句子可知，此空应填动名词作主语，表示一般性的行为，且句首时首字母应大写。填Listening。
64．考查冠词。句意：听他用中文背诵他的作品，使它有了全新的维度。分析句子可知，空处表达“一个全新的维度”，表示泛指，且whole为辅音音素开始的单词。故填a。
65．考查副词。句意：我的一些诗集被翻译成了英语、法语、德语和意大利语，但在中文中，它异常优美。分析句子可知，空处应填副词作状语修饰后面形容词 beautiful。故填extremely。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
（2023·浙江杭州·高三校联考测试）假定你是李华。请你给一年前已回国的外教Jason写一封电子邮件，请他邀请他现在的学生参与你设计的“外国学生眼中的中国文化”网络问卷调查。信的内容如下：
1. 写信目的；
2. 问卷目的；
3. 操作方式和提交日期。
注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】
Dear Jason,
I am writing to invite your current students to participate in the online questionnaire "Chinese Culture in the eyes of Foreign Students" , which is designed by me.
This questionnaire is about Chinese culture in the eyes of foreign students. Its purpose is to find out how foreign students view Chinese culture . It can also promote cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries.
The operation process of the questionnaire survey is very simple. Just follow the instructions on the questionnaire step by step. The deadline for this online questionnaire is the end of this month. I would appreciate it if your students could complete the questionnaire as soon as possible. Thank you for your cooperation .
Yours
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教写一封电子邮件，请他邀请他现在的学生参与你设计的“外国学生眼中的中国文化”网络问卷调查。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参与：participate in→take part in
目的：purpose→goal
看待： view→treat
促进： promote→accelerate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This questionnaire is about Chinese culture in the eyes of foreign students.Its purpose is to find out how foreign students view Chinese culture .
拓展句：This questionnaire is about Chinese culture in the eyes of foreign students,whose purpose is to find out how foreign students view Chinese culture .
【点睛】[高分句型1]I am wrting to invite your current students to participate in the online questionnaire "Chinese Culture in the eyes of Foreign Students" ,which is designed by me.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]I would appreciate it if your students could complete the questionnaire as soon as possible.（运用了it做形式宾语）
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
（2023·浙江宁波·高三镇海中学校考阶段练习）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。
Sara Savick remembers one special Easter when she was nine years old. Her parents gave her a baby duckling in a yellow basket.
“Mom said later that she bought the little duck because she felt sorry for it,” recalled Sara. The people at the pet store colored the feathers pink for Easter. Sara named the duck Pinky.
Sara’s mother really didn’t think the baby duck would survive very long. But to her surprise, Pinky grew and got stronger and stronger. Soon, the little duckling was a healthy, hungry duck with white feathers.
“We fed Pinky oatmeal, cooked and uncooked, and small pieces of vegetables,” said Sara. Pinky lived inside the house with Sara and her family. She specially fancied taking baths with Sara. Everyone treated Pinky as a family member.
But just when everything appeared to be perfect, the night of the “talk” came. Sara’s Mom and Dad sat her down, explaining that the best thing for Pinky was to live a normal duck life, with other ducks. It was not natural for ducks to live indoors with a family, her father told her. He added Pinky needed to swim in ponds and do all the same things that ducks in the wild do.
Sara started to cry, knowing what was going to happen. Sara’s parents decided to take Pinky to a park, which was two miles away. There was a pond with a lot of other ducks. Pinky would have the chance to live a natural life and Sara could still visit her.
The big day came, Sara and her parents put Pinky in a box and drove to the park. Sara said that Pinky did not look happy; maybe Pinky was convinced that she was a human, not a duck.
注意:
所续写短文的词数应为 l50 左右;
续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好;
Paragraph 1
Everyone was sad when they left Pinky at the pond, even Sara’s father.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
The next morning, when looking out of the kitchen window, Sara couldn’t believe her eyes!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Everyone was sad when they left Pinky at the pond, even Sara’s father. But he tried to convince Sara that Pinky was fine. Walking towards the car, Sara looked over her shoulder and saw Pinky standing alone. The other ducks were swimming around in circles, looking at Pinky. To Sara, it seemed that they were trying to identify the strange animal. They didn’t recognize Pinky as a duck. Worried about Pinky, Sara dreamed of Pinky being bullied by other ducks the whole night.
The next morning, when looking out of the kitchen window, Sara couldn’t believe her eyes! There was Pinky, happily walking around on the grass. Thrilled at what she saw, she kept asking herself,” How did she make it?” After all, it was two miles away and he managed to walk back through the city street. Incredible! But her parents drove Pinky back to the pond again regardless of her request. The following morning, there was Pinky again on the grass! Seeing Pinky again, her father, waving his arms about wildly, moved his lips without saying anything. Meanwhile, Sarah, overjoyed, hugged Pinky tightly, tears streaming down her cheeks.
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。Sara Savick九岁时的复活节，父母送给她一只小鸭子Pinky，在他们的精心照顾下Pinky渐渐长大，有一天父母告诉Sara，Pinky必须回到野外和其他鸭子过一样的生活，他们决定把Pinky带到附近公园的一个池塘，那一天到来了。
【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：当他们把Pinky放到池塘离开时，每个人都很难过……所以应该写Pinky第一天到池塘发生的事情，即他们依依不舍里离开池塘，其他鸭子看到Pinky后的反应及Sara对Pinky的担心等内容。第二段开头是：第二天早上，当向厨房窗户外面看时，Sara不敢相信自己的眼睛……本段应该写Sara看到的情况，即Pinky回到了家里，Sara不知道它是怎么做到的，父母看到后把Pinky放回池塘，但是Pinky再次回到家里，Sara激动得紧紧抱着Pinky。
续写时注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右，按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：looked over，recognize … as，regardless of等高级词汇；Everyone was sad when they left Pinky at the pond中when引导的时间状语从句；Thrilled at what she saw, she kept asking herself,中what引导的宾语从句等高级句式。
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