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天津市南开区2022-2023学年高三英语下学期3月模拟试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份天津市南开区2022-2023学年高三英语下学期3月模拟试题（Word版附解析），共25页。
2022-2023学年度“三月高考”南开区模拟考试试卷
高三英语笔试
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例：Stand over there ______ you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1. ---Let’s go to the New Year’s Eve party, shall we?
---- ————I guess it will be fun.
A. Forget it! B. No way!
C. Why not? D. What for?
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：--让我们去新年夜晚会，好吗？---好啊!我想那一定很有趣。Forget it！“得了，忘了吧！”；No way！“没门”；Why not！“好啊！”；What for？“为什么？”，根据“I guess it will be fun.”可知，表示同意，故选C。
【点睛】交际英语注重运用，首先平时要多积累常用的交际用语，解题时要在上下文中进行，特别要注意与语境语义的联系。还有要注意中英文之间的差异，千万不要用汉语的思维。对话时要考虑以礼貌用语为主。
2. ______ prize for the winner of the competition is ______ two-week holiday in England.
A. The; a B. 不填; a C. 不填; the D. The; 不填
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：比赛获胜者的奖励是一个到英国度假两周的假期。分析句子可知，第一空格处缺少冠词，此处特指给获奖者的奖励，应使用定冠词the；第二空格处表示“一个两周的假期”，是泛指，应使用不定冠词a。故选A项。
3. In many ways, the education system in China is different from ______ in the UK.
A. it B. those C. one D. that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：在许多方面，中国的教育体系与英国（的教育体系）不同。此处指英国的教育体系，为同类异物特指，且上文system是单数，应用that。故选D。
4. ______ online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
A. After B. If C. While D. Unless
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查从属连词。句意：虽然网上购物改变了我们的生活，但并非所有的影响都是积极的。A. after在……之后（引导时间状语从句）；B. If如果（引导条件状语从句）；C. While尽管，虽然（引导让步状语从句）；D. Unless除非，如果不（引导条件状语从句，相当于if…not）。根据句意，前后句之间为逻辑上的让步关系，应用从属连词while。故选C项。
5. This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you ______ that if you smoked here you would be fined.
A. in detail B. in advance C. in vain D. in general
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个会议室是非吸烟区。我想提前警告你，如果你在这里吸烟，你会被罚款的。A. in detail详细地；B. in advance提前；C. in vain徒劳；D. in general普遍地。根据“if you smoked here you would be fined.”可知，此处是提前警告，in advance符合句意。故选B。
6. Silk ________ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC .
A. had become B. was becoming
C. has become D. is becoming
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：到公元前100年为止，丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上交易的主要商品之一。时间状语是by+过去时间，谓语用过去完成时。故选A。
【点睛】动词的时态、语态是选择题必考内容之一。动词的各种时态形式都可能考到，不过最常考的是一般现在时态、一般过去时态、现在进行时态、一般将来时态以及现在完成时态，同时还常与非谓语动词一起考查。做语法填空题时，首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，如本小题就是考查谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态、语气(陈述语气还是虚拟语气)、主谓一致四个方面。本小题考查过去完成时，从三个方面来进行判断：
1. 看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句，本小题的时间状语是by about 100 BC，故判断是过去完成时。
2. 在没有时间状语或时间状语从句时，要看上下文的谓语动词的形式。
3. 看是否是特殊句型等。如句型“It was+the first time+that从句”中that从句用过去完成时。
7. （2015·天津）As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time ________he should be able to be independent.
A. which B. where
C. whom D. when
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：作为家里最小的孩子，亚历克斯总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。这里使用定语从句，先行词是the time，在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when，故选D。
8. A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, ______ if you are travelling at high speed.
A. especially B. strangely C. gradually D. eventually
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然停车可能是一种非常可怕的经历，特别是如果你在高速行驶。A. especially尤其地；B. strangely奇怪地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. eventually最终地。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语。表示“尤其地”。用especially。故选A。
9. There is no doubt that this candidate’s advantage _____ his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.
A. leaves out B. goes against
C. lies in D. makes up
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：毫无疑问，这位候选人优势在于他能够用英语和外国人交流。A. leaves out 遗漏，省略；B. goes against 违背，和……作对；C. lies in在于；D. makes up编造，组成，化妆，和好。根据句意可知，此处用lie in“在于”符合语境，由is可知本句为现在时，主语advantage是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用三单现形式。故选C项。
【名师点睛】考生要注意这里的he和candidate指的是同一个人，弄清这一点，再分析他的优势与他用英语跟外国人交流的能力之间的关系，很容易判断出“优势在于……”这层关系。另外考生注意积累There is no doubt that“毫无疑问”这一常考结构。
10. George ______ too far. His tea is still warm.
A. should have gone B. can’t have gone C. might have gone D. needn’t have gone
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：乔治不可能走得太远。他的茶还温着。A. should have gone早就该走了；B.can’t have gone不可能走了；C. might have gone可能已经走了；D. needn’t have gone本来不必去的。根据后一句His tea is still warm，可推测乔治不可能走远，此处应用can’t have done结构，表示对过去事情的否定推测，意为“不可能做过某事”。故选B项。
11. The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, ______ air conditioning unnecessary.
A. to make B. making C. made D. having made
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语，但表示预料不到的结果。现在分词的完成式表示其动作在谓语动词的动作之前完成。故选B。
12. At college, Barack Obama didn’t know that he the first black president of the United States of America.
A. was to become B. becomes
C. is to become D. became
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：在大学的时候，奥巴马不知道他将成为美国第一个黑人总统。用过去将来时表示过去某个时间将要发生的事情，所以选A。
【点睛】英语中的时态主要由动词的形式决定，因此在学习英语时态时，要注意分析动词形式及具体语境，想象在那个特定的时间动作所发生的背景，这个动作是经常性动作、一般性动作、进行性动作、完成性动作还是将要发生的动作。这题的解题关键是didn’t know。
13. Beijing roast duck is a ________ Beijing cuisine. Its crisp skin and tender meat attract many tourists.
A. convenient B. typical C. healthy D. homemade
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：北京烤鸭是典型的北京菜肴，酥皮嫩肉吸引了许多游客。A.convenient方便的；便利的；B.typical典型的；有代表性的；C.healthy健康的；D.homemade自制的；国产的。根据句意，此处指北京烤鸭是北京代表性的菜肴。故选B。
14. A young man from a wealthy family graduated from Beijing University and got a job as a pork seller, which________ a public heated debate.
A. set off B. set about C. set out D. set aside
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一名毕业于北京大学的富家子弟，找了一份卖猪肉的工作，此事引发了公众的热议。A. set off出发，引起；B. set about着手，开始做；C. set out动身；D. set aside留出。根据后文“a public heated debate”指引起公众热议应用set off。故选A。
15. —I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree.
—Sounds great! ______.
A. How come B. Go for it C. Never mind D. No wonder
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我在考虑回到学校再拿一个学位。——听上去太棒了!大胆尝试吧。A. How come怎么会……（那样）；B. Go for it尝试，努力争取；C. Never mind没有关系，不要记在心上；D. No wonder难怪。根据前文“I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree.(我在考虑回到学校再拿一个学位。)”可知，前者打算修读另一个学位，这是值得鼓励的事情。故选B项。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C^ D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，将短文内容补充完整。
The day I met Hani Irmawati, she was a shy, 17-year-old girl standing alone in the parking lot of the international school in Indonesia, where I teach English. She asked if I could help her improve her English. I could ____16____ it took immense courage for the young Indonesian girl to ____17____ me and ask for help.
“I want to go to a US university,” she said with ____18____. I was surprised.
I agreed to work with her ____19____ a volunteer basis. For several months, Hani woke each morning at five and caught the city bus to her public high school. During the one-hour ____20____, she studied for her regular classes and finished the English ____21____ I had given her. At four o’clock in the afternoon, she arrived at my classroom, ____22____ but ready to work.
When I met Hani’s family at their ____23____ little house, I realized they would never be able to ____24____ the expenses of a US university. Hani’s enthusiasm was _____25_____ with her language ability, _____26_____ I was becoming more and more discouraged.
One day I received the announcement of a(n) _____27_____ opportunity for a major US university. After reading the requirements, I knew Hani couldn’t meet the _____28_____. I told her that there was only a _____29_____ chance of her getting the scholarship and encouraged her to be more “realistic” about her dream. But she remained _____30_____.
“Will you send in my name?” she asked.
I couldn’t _____31_____ her down. I completed the application, with the painful truth about her academic life, but also with my _____32_____ of her courage and perseverance.
Three weeks later, just before Hani went to Jakarta to take the Test of English Fluency, she received a letter from the scholarship association. She had been _____33_____.
I leaped around the room, overjoyed and shocked. Hani stood by, _____34_____. I realized that it was I who had learned something Hani had known from the beginning: It is not intelligence alone that brings success, but also the _____35_____ to succeed, the commitment to work hard and the courage to believe in yourself.
16. A. believe B. expect C. spot D. tell
17. A. turn B. approach C. excuse D. convince
18. A. anxiety B. suspect C. confidence D. hesitation
19. A. on B. in C. out D. by
20. A. class B. ride C. stay D. break
21. A. assignment B. accent C. journal D. guideline
22. A. bored B. excited C. confused D. exhausted
23. A. ugly B. untidy C. humble D. comfortable
24. A. save B. afford C. charge D. avoid
25. A. fading B. showing C. decreasing D. increasing
26. A. so B. and C. but D. while
27. A. investment B. growth C. promotion D. scholarship
28. A. qualifications B. challenges C. invitations D. deadlines
29. A. real B. slim C. fair D. solid
30. A. practical B. subjective C. determined D. genuine
31. A. take B. break C. put D. turn
32. A. analysis B. criticism C. praise D. concern
33. A. accepted B. rejected C. confirmed D. impressed
34. A. whispering B. smiling C. assuming D. inquiring
35. A. secret B. pressure C. wisdom D. drive
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍的是一个家境贫困的印尼女孩Hani的自信和努力学习的决心使她成功获得原本机会渺茫的奖学金的故事。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看得出来，这个年轻的印尼女孩向我寻求帮助需要极大的勇气。A. believe相信；B. expect期待；C. spot发现；D. tell辨别。根据上文“ She was a shy, 17-year-old girl standing alone in the parking lot of the international school in Indonesia”可知，作者能够看的出来印尼女孩以极大的勇气向作者寻求帮助。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. turn转向；B. approach接近；C. excuse推脱；D. convince使信服。根据后文“ask for help”可知，印尼女孩接近作者寻求帮助。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我想上美国大学，”她自信地说。我很惊讶。A. anxiety焦虑；B. suspect嫌疑犯；C. confidence自信；D. hesitation犹豫。根据后文“I was surprised.”可知，女孩极其自信的表现，使得作者很惊讶。故选C。
【19题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我同意以志愿者的身份为基础和她一起工作。A. on在……上面；B. in在……里面；C. out在外面；D. by通过。句中“on a volunteer basis”为固定搭配，意为“以志愿工作为基础”即表示作者同意无偿帮助印尼女孩学习英语。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个小时的车程中，她学习了常规课程，完成了我布置给她的英语作业。A. class班级；B. ride车程；C. stay停留；D. break休息。根据前文“caught the city bus to her public high school.”可知，印尼女孩坐公车去她的公立高中，在这一小时的车程中她完成了作者布置的任务。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. assignment任务；B. accent口音；C. journal期刊；D. guideline方针。根据后文“I had given her.”可知，作者布置给女孩的任务。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下午四点，她来到我的教室，筋疲力尽，但准备开始学习。A. bored无聊的；B. excited兴奋的；C. confused困惑的；D. exhausted疲劳的。根据前文“During the one-hour ____5___ , she studied for her regular classes and finished the English ____6____ I had given her.”可知，女孩经过了一小时的车程，又完成了作者布置的任务，当到达作者办公室的时候，她是疲劳的。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在女孩家简陋的小房子里见到她的家人时，我意识到他们永远无法负担美国大学的费用。A. ugly丑陋的；B. untidy不整洁的；C. humble简陋的；D. comfortable舒服的。根据上文“little house”和后文“I realized they would never be able to ____9____ the expenses of a US university.”可知，女孩和家人住在简陋的小房子中。故选C。
24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. save节省；B. afford负担的起；C. charge索费；D. avoid避免。根据后文“the expenses of a US university”和作者建议女孩申请奖学金可知，此处表示女孩和家人无法负担大学学费。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hani的热情随着她的语言能力而增强，但我却越来越气馁。A. fading褪色；B. showing展示；C. decreasing减少；D. increasing增加。根据后文的“with her language ability,”可知，女孩的热情随着她的语言能力而增强。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. so所以；B. and并且；C. but但是；D. while然而。根据后文“I was becoming more and more discouraged.”可知，此处构成转折关系，故用but。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我收到了美国一所重点大学的奖学金通知。A. investment投资；B. growth成长；C. promotion晋升，提拔；D. scholarship奖学金。根据后文“I told her that there was only a ____14____ chance of her getting the scholarship and encouraged her to be more “realistic” about her dream.”可知，作者收到了美国一所重点大学的奖学金通知。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看了要求后，我知道Hani不符合条件。A. qualification资格；B. challenges挑战；C. invitations邀请；D. deadlines截止日期。据后文“I told her that there was only a ____14____ chance of her getting the scholarship and encouraged her to be more “realistic” about her dream.”可知，作者知道对于Hani获得该奖学金机会是渺茫的，所以Hani是不符合奖学金的资格。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她，她获得奖学金的机会非常渺茫，并鼓励她对自己的梦想要“现实一点”。A. real真的；B. slim苗条的，渺小的；C. fair公平的；D. solid坚固的。根据后文的“encouraged her to be more “realistic” about her dream.”可知，作者知道Hani获得奖学金的机会是渺茫的。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她仍然很坚定。A. practical实际的；B. subjective主观的；C. determined坚决的；D. genuine真挚的。根据“but”可知，此处与前文构成转折关系，即虽然获得奖学金的机会非常渺茫，但是她依旧坚持。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法拒绝她。A. take拿走；B. break打破；C. put放；D. turn转向。根据后文“I completed the application, with the painful truth about her academic life”可知，作者没有拒绝Hani的请求，把她的名字提交了上去。turn down为固定短语，意为“拒绝”。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我完成了申请，介绍了她学习生活的困难真相，但也对她的勇气和毅力表示了赞扬。A. analysis分析；B. criticism批评；C. praise赞扬；D. concern关心。根据前文“I couldn’t ____16____ her down.”可知，作者在填写表格时，对Hani在学习生活中遇到的困难真相进行了描述同时也对她的勇气和毅力进行了赞扬。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她被录取了。A. accepted接受；B. rejected拒绝；C. confirmed证实；D. impressed印象深刻。根据后文“I leaped around the room, overjoyed and shocked.”可知，Hani被录取了。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hani站在旁边，笑着。A. whispering低声说；B. smiling微笑；C. assuming假设；D. inquiring询问。根据前文“She had been ____18____ .”可知，当Hani得知自己被录取的那一刻，她是微笑着的。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：带来成功的不仅仅是智力，还有对成功的渴望、努力工作的承诺和相信自己的勇气。A. secret秘密；B. pressure压力；C. wisdom智慧；D. drive渴望，动力。根据前文“not intelligence alone that brings success,”并结合Hani对成功的渴望可知，此处表示不仅仅是智力，还有对成功的渴望、努力工作的承诺和相信自己的勇气这才能带来成功。故选D。
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
A
Gymnastics Instructor Wanted
About us
PCYC (Police Citizens Youth Club) Queensland is a not-for-profit organization established in 1948, aiming to build safer and healthier communities. We focus on young people’s personal and leadership development by offering state-wide programs, services and facilities through 54 branches, two leadership development centers and two activity centers.
About the position
PCYC Burdekin currently wants gymnastics instructors, who will assist in the development and delivery of the gymnastics programs to PCYC clients.
•Casual work (approximately 20 30 hours per week)
•$28.38-$31.80 per hour (depending on previous experience and qualification—junior rate may apply)
•To be employed, you must be qualified to get a Working with Children Check or Blue Card and be willing to undertake a National Police Check.
•Applicants with intermediate accreditation (认证) from Gymnastics Queensland will be considered with priority.
What we can offer
•Free onsite parking and free access to PC 24/7 gyms
•Flexible work environment and working hours
•Opportunity to work in an established branch with a great team
Key responsibilities include
•Deliver a broad range of fun group gymnastics programs for all ages, in accordance with safety and industry-approved practice requirements.
•Contribute towards creative marketing and promotion of the gymnastics programs to maintain current participants and attract new participants.
•Ensure our gymnastics equipment is maintained and used in a safe manner.
•Instruct and assist the work of junior coaching staff.
Deadline
Applications close on 8 September, 2022. Interested? Click here to apply.
36. What is PCYC Queensland’s goal?
A. To provide the youth with advice on personal emotions.
B. To make a fortune through state-wide programs.
C. To build more branches outside Queensland.
D. To improve community security and health.
37. How much can a gymnastics instructor in PCYC Burdekin earn in a week?
A. $100-$300. B. $330-$530. C. $560-$960. D. $990-$1390.
38. What should you do to increase your chance of being employed by PCYC Burdekin?
A. Express the desire to work for National Police Agency.
B. Show the intermediate gymnastics qualification.
C. Present the experiences in dealing with children.
D. Explain the urgent need for a full-time job.
39. If hired, a gymnastics instructor will be responsible for_________.
A. seeking junior coaches to build a team
B. seleoting suitable equipment for teenagers
C. helping advertise the gymnastics programs
D. designing new gymnastics programs independently
40. Where does this text probably come from?
A. A Queensland’s local paper. B. A job-hunting mobile app.
C. A popular science website. D. A notice-board in a gym.
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是关于招聘体操教练的一些相关信息，包括招聘机构的简介、工作岗位的介绍、工作时间、薪资、应聘要求以及工作职责等。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据About us部分的“PCYC (Police Citizens Youth Club) Queensland is a not-for-profit organization established in 1948, aiming to build safer and healthier communities.(昆士兰PCYC成立于1948年，是一个非营利性组织，旨在建立更安全、更健康的社区。)”可知，昆士兰PCYC的目标是改善社区安全和健康。故选D。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据About the position部分的“•Casual work (approximately 20 30 hours per week)•$28.38-$31.80 per hour(•临时工作（每周大约20--30小时）•每小时28.38--31.80美元)”可知，PCYC Burdekin的体操教练一周能挣的钱是$28.38*20--$31.80*30，即$567.6——$954，最接近的答案是$560-$960，故选C。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据About the position部分的“•Applicants with intermediate accreditation (认证) from Gymnastics Queensland will be considered with priority.(•获得昆士兰体操协会中级认证的申请人将优先考虑。)”可知，展示中级体操资格来增加被PCYC Burdekin雇用的机会。故选B。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据Key responsibilities include部分的“•Contribute towards creative marketing and promotion of the gymnastics programs to maintain current participants and attract new participants.(•负责体操项目的创意营销和推广，以保持现有学员并吸引新学员。)”可知，如果被聘用，将由一名体操教练负责帮助宣传体操项目，故选C。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据Deadline部分的“Applications close on 8 September, 2022. Interested? Click here to apply.(申请截止日期为2022年9月8日。感兴趣吗？点击这里申请。)”可知，这是一篇招聘广告，能点击申请，说明这是网上的，因此本文可能来自于一个求职手机应用程序。故选B。
B
I’d done it before, and so I had no reason to believe that this time would be any different. I was sure that when I returned home from my mission trip, as always, I’d bring back nothing more than some mud on my boots, a hole or two in my jeans and, of course, a lot of great memories.
The summer before my high school graduation, I went to West Virginia with others as volunteers to repair the homes of those in need. Arriving at our destination, my group was assigned the task of rebuilding sections of a home that had been damaged by fire. No sooner had we parked on the home’s dirt driveway than we saw an excited little girl, no more than six years old, standing in the doorway of the family’s temporary home. Shoeless and wearing dirty clothes and the biggest smile I’d ever seen, she yelled, “Ma, Ma, they really came!” I didn’t know it then, but her name was Dakota, and four more days would pass before she’d say another word near me.
Behind Dakota was a woman in a wheelchair — her grandmother, we’d soon learn. I also discovered that my job that week would be to help change a fire-damaged dining room into a bedroom for this little girl. Over the following days, I noticed Dakota peeking at us every now and then as we worked. A few times, I tried talking with her, but she remained shy and distant, always flying around us like a tiny butterfly but keeping to herself.
By our fifth and final day, however, this was about to change. Before I went to work on her home on that last morning, I spoke for a moment or two with the grandmother. I was especially pleased when she told me how much Dakota loved her new room — so much. As we talked, I noticed something I hadn’t seen before — Dakota was hiding behind her grandmother.
Cautiously, she stepped into view, and I could see that just like her clothes, her face was still dirty. But no amount of soil could hide those bright blue eyes and big smile. She was simply adorable. Slowly, she began walking toward me. It wasn’t until she was just inches away that I noticed the folded piece of paper in her tiny hand. Silently, she reached up and handed it to me. Once unfolded, I looked at the drawing she’d made with her broken crayons on the back of an old coloring book cover. It was of two girls — one much taller than the other — and they were holding hands. She told me it was supposed to be me and her, and on the bottom of the paper were three little words that instantly broke my heart: “Please don’t leave”. Now almost in tears, I couldn’t control myself anymore — I bent down and hugged her. She hugged me, too. And for the longest time, neither of us could let go.
I left for home early the next morning. I was returning with muddy boots and holes in my jeans. But because of Dakota, I brought back something else, too — a greater appreciation for all of the blessings of my life. I’ll never forget that barefoot little butterfly with the big smile and dirty face. I pray that she’ll never forget me either.
41. What did the author expect before taking this mission trip?
A. An exciting experience. B. A special memory.
C. A routine result. D. A surprising change.
42. From the appearance description of the little girl we know ________.
A. she was an innocent and lovely child B. she hoped for a better education
C. she was strong and calm in the inner world D. she formed a bad living habit
43. The underlined part means that the little girl ________.
A. enjoyed meeting me B. feared to talk with me
C. desired to approach me D. resisted accepting me
44. How did the author feel after unfolding the piece of paper?
A. She worried about the little girl’s future.
B. She decided to keep helping the little girl.
C. She felt a greater affection for the little girl.
D. She got surprised at the little girl’s worthless gift.
45. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. One must learn to share life experiences.
B. One should be more grateful for the gift of life.
C. One often wants to lead a meaningful life.
D. One occasionally benefits from the poverty.
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者本次宣教之旅中和所遇小女孩的感情交流，告诉我们一个人应该对生活拥有更多的感激。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“I’d done it before, and so I had no reason to believe that this time would be any different. (我以前做过，所以我没有理由相信这次会有什么不同。)”可知，作者此行的预期是一个平常的结果。故选C项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Shoeless and wearing dirty clothes and the biggest smile I’d ever seen, she yelled, ‘Ma, Ma, they really came!’ (她光着脚，穿着脏衣服，脸上带着我见过的最灿烂的笑容，大声喊道：‘妈，妈，他们真的来了！’)”可知，从小女孩的外貌描述，我们知道她是一个天真可爱的孩子。故选A项。
【43题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句前半部分“A few times, I tried talking with her, but she remained shy and distant (有几次，我试着和她说话，但她总是害羞和疏远)”说明小女孩很害羞，不敢和作者说话，从而推知划线词句“always flying around us like a tiny butterfly but keeping to herself (总是像一只小蝴蝶在我们周围飞来飞去，但不跟我们说话。)”其中划线部分意为“小女孩不敢和我说话”。故选B项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“She told me it was supposed to be me and her, and on the bottom of the paper were three little words that instantly broke my heart: ‘Please don’t leave’. Now almost in tears, I couldn’t control myself anymore — I bent down and hugged her. She hugged me, too. And for the longest time, neither of us could let go. (她告诉我这张纸上写的是我和她，纸的底部有三个词让我立刻心碎：‘请不要离开’。我几乎要哭了，我再也控制不住自己了——我弯下腰拥抱了她。她也拥抱了我。很长一段时间，我们都无法释怀。)”可以推知，打开这张纸后，作者对这个小女孩有了更深的感情。故选C项。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I left for home early the next morning. I was returning with muddy boots and holes in my jeans. But because of Dakota, I brought back something else, too — a greater appreciation for all of the blessings of my life. I’ll never forget that barefoot little butterfly with the big smile and dirty face. I pray that she’ll never forget me either. (第二天一早我就动身回家了。我回来的时候，靴子上都是泥，牛仔裤也破了洞。但是因为Dakota，我也带回了一些其他的东西——对我生命中所有幸福的更多的感激。我永远不会忘记那只光脚的小蝴蝶，脸上挂着灿烂的笑容和肮脏的脸。我也祈祷她永远不会忘记我。)”可知，本文通过作者本次宣教之旅中和所遇小女孩的感情交流，告诉我们一个人应该对生活拥有更多的感激。故选B项。
C
When you hear “I have a dream...”, one of the most famous speeches in human history, you’ll never have the idea how the audience on the scene were fueled by emotional intelligence. When Martin Luther King. Jr. presented his dream, he chose language that would stir the hearts of his audience. Delivering this electrifying (震撼性的) message required emotional intelligence — the ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions.
Emotional intelligence has been highly recommended by leaders, policymakers, and educators as the solution to a wide range of social problems. Emotional intelligence is important, but the uncontrolled enthusiasm has obscured (掩盖) a dark side. New evidence shows that when people sharpen their emotional skills, they become better at controlling others. When you’re good at controlling your own emotions, you can hide your true feelings. When you know what others are feeling, you can motivate them to act against their own best interests.
Social scientists have begun to document this dark side of emotional intelligence. In a research led by University of Toronto professor Jochen Menges, when a leader gave an inspiring speech filled with emotion, the audience was less likely to scrutinize (细察) the message and remembered the content. Ironically (讽刺是), audience members were so moved by the speech that they claimed to recall more of it.
The authors call this the awestruck effect, but it might just as easily be described as the dumbstruck effect. One observer reflected that Hitler’s persuasive impact came from his ability to strategically express emotions — he would “tear open his heart” — and these emotions affected his followers to the point that they would “stop thinking critically and just emote?”
Leaders who master emotions can rob us of our abilities to reason. If their values are out of step with our own, the results can be destructive. New evidence suggests that when people have self-serving motives, emotional intelligence becomes a weapon for controlling others.
Throwing light on this dark side of emotional intelligence is one mission of a research team led by University College London professor Martin Kilduff. According to these experts, emotional intelligence helps people disguise (伪装) one set of emotions while expressing another for personal gain. Professor Kilduff’s team writes, “The strategic disguise of one’s own emotions and the controlling of others’ emotions for strategic ends are behaviors evident not only on Shakespeare’s stage but also in the offices and corridors where power and influence are traded.”
Of course, people aren’t always using emotional intelligence for immoral ends. More often than not, high EQ is helpful in most aspects of our life. Emotional intelligence — like any skill — can be used for good or evil. So whether it is a gift or a curse lies in your hand.
46. Why does the author mention Martin Luther King, Jr?
A. To honor the great leader for his courage.
B. To recommend his speech to other leaders.
C. To introduce the major topic to readers.
D. To advocate a society with fewer problems.
47. Which of the following belongs to a dark side of emotional intelligence?
A. Developing the capability to control one’s own emotion.
B. Influencing people to do what brings disadvantages to them.
C. Appealing to the audience to concentrate and remember more.
D. Encouraging the moved audience to learn more of the speech.
48. What is the dumbstruck effect of Hitler’s emotional intelligence?
A. His followers would tear open their hearts to him.
B. His followers would express emotions strategically.
C. His followers would lose the ability to reason properly.
D. His followers would develop the self-serving motives.
49. How do people use their emotional intelligence for personal gain?
A. They disguise their true emotions and show another one.
B. They help their colleagues to build up confidence.
C. They present their strategic behaviors on the stage.
D. They lower their own dignity to gain popularity.
50. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. The benefits of emotional intelligence.
B. The advantages and disadvantages of emotions.
C. The reasons for using emotional skills.
D. The dark side of emotional intelligence.
【答案】46. C 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了什么是情商以及举例论证情商的阴暗面及其影响。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When Martin Luther King. Jr. presented his dream, he chose language that would stir the hearts of his audience. Delivering this electrifying (震撼性的) message required emotional intelligence — the ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions.(当马丁·路德·金。当他展示自己的梦想时，他选择了能够打动听众的语言。传达这一激动人心的信息需要情商——识别、理解和管理情绪的能力。)”可知，马丁·路德·金的演讲就是运用了情商。结合下文可知，情商是本文的主题，故文章是使用马丁·路德·金的故事来引出话题。故选C项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Emotional intelligence is important, but the uncontrolled enthusiasm has obscured (掩盖) a dark side. New evidence shows that when people sharpen their emotional skills, they become better at controlling others. When you’re good at controlling your own emotions, you can hide your true feelings. When you know what others are feeling, you can motivate them to act against their own best interests.(情商很重要，但不受控制的热情掩盖了它的黑暗面。新的证据表明，当人们提高自己的情感技能时，他们就能更好地控制他人。当你善于控制自己的情绪时，你就能隐藏自己的真实感受。当你知道别人的感受时，你可以促使他们去做违背他们自己最佳利益的事情。)”可知，情商的阴暗面是可以影响人们去做对他们不利的事情。故选B项。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“One observer reflected that Hitler’s persuasive impact came from his ability to strategically express emotions — he would ‘tear open his heart’ — and these emotions affected his followers to the point that they would ‘stop thinking critically and just emote?’(一位观察家认为，希特勒的说服力来自于他有策略地表达情感的能力——他会“撕开自己的心”——这些情感影响了他的追随者，以至于他们“不再批判性地思考，而只是表达?)”可知，希特勒的情商带来的让人目瞪口呆的效果是他的追随者失去理智，不会去理性思考。故选C项。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“According to these experts, emotional intelligence helps people disguise (伪装) one set of emotions while expressing another for personal gain.(根据这些专家的说法，情商可以帮助人们掩饰一种情绪，同时为了个人利益表达另一种情绪。)”可知，人们会利用自己的情商来掩饰自己的真实情绪，并表现出另一种情绪，从而达到谋取私利的目的。故选A项。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段“Social scientists have begun to document this dark side of emotional intelligence.(社会科学家已经开始记录情商的黑暗面。)”可知，文章前两段介绍什么是情商，从第三段开始主要介绍情商的阴暗面，并举例论证。所以本文主要讲的是情商的阴暗面，故“The dark side of emotional intelligence (情商的黑暗面)”是文章最佳标题。故选D项。
D
Sometimes just when we need the power of miracles, they arise in the places we would least expect.
On a cold January afternoon in 1989, I was climbing Egypt’s Mt. Horeb, hoping to get to the peak by sunset to see the valley below. As I was winding up the narrow path, I’d sometimes see other hikers who were coming down. While they would generally pass with simply a nod or a greeting in another language, there was one man who did neither.
I saw him coming and as he got closer, I could see that, unlike other hikers, he was wearing traditional Egyptian galabia( 长 袍 ). What made his appearance so strange was that the man didn’t even appear to be Egyptian, but was a small-framed Asian man with little hair and round glasses.
As we neared one another, I said Hello, but not a sound came from him. I thought maybe he hadn’t heard me. Suddenly he stopped directly in front of me, looked up from the ground, and spoke a single sentence to me in English, “Sometimes you don’t know what you have lost until you’ve lost it.” As I took in what I had just heard, he simply stepped around me and continued his going down.
That moment in my life was a small miracle. The reason is less about what the man said but more about the timing and the context. The year was 1989, and it was during my Egyptian pilgrimage (朝圣), and specifically during my hike to Mt. Horeb, that I’d set the time aside to make decisions that would affect my career, my friends, my family, and ultimately, my life.
I had to ask myself what the chances were of an Asian man dressed in an Egyptian galabia coming down from the top of this historic mountain just when I was walking up, stopping before me, and offering his wisdom, seemingly from out of nowhere. My answer to my own question was easy: nearly no chance! In a meet that lasted less than two minutes, a total stranger had brought something clear and something of a warning, regarding the huge changes that I would make within a matter of days. In my way of thinking, that’s a miracle.
Miracles are everywhere and occur every day for different reasons, in response to the different needs that we may have in the moment. Our job may be less about questioning the extraordinary things that happen in our daily lives and more about accepting the gifts they bring.
51. Before the Asian man spoke, how did the author think about him?
A. He was very rude and strange.
B. He was different from others.
C. He was shy and nod to strangers.
D. He looked ordinary and was talkative.
52. Why did the author make a pilgrimage to Mt Horeb in Egypt ?
A. He was in search of a miracle in his life.
B. It was a place for a religious person to head for.
C. He intended to make arrangements for his future life.
D. He waited patiently in expectation of meeting a wise person.
53. What does the underlined part “my own question” refer to in paragraph 6 ?
A. For what reason did the man stop before me ?
B. Why did the Asian man go to the mountain ?
C. What change would I make within a matter of days ?
D. What was the probability that others told us the right words ?
54. Why did the author view the meet with the Asian man as a miracle in his life?
A. Because the Asian man’s appearance had a deciding effect on his future life.
B. Because his words were in perfect response to the need he had at that moment.
C. Because what the Asian man said was meaningful in the philosophy of life.
D. Because the Asian man impressed on him the worth of what he had possessed.
55. What might be the best title for the passage ?
A. Can you recognize a miracle? B. Is a miracle significant to us?
C. When might a miracle occur? D. Why do we need a miracle?
【答案】51. B 52. C 53. D 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以自己的亲身经历论述了“正当我们需要奇迹的力量时，奇迹却出现在我们最意想不到的地方”的故事。这个故事告诉我们奇迹无处不在，每天都在发生，因为不同的原因，为了回应我们此刻不同的需求。我们的工作可能不是质疑日常生活中发生的不寻常的事情，而是接受它们带来的礼物。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中I saw him coming and as he got closer, I could see that, unlike other hikers, he was wearing traditional Egyptian galabia(长袍). 我看到他走过来，当他走近时，我可以看到，和其他徒步旅行者不同，他穿着传统埃及长袍。可知，在那个亚洲人说话之前，作者认为他和其他人不一样。故选B项。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中…that I’d set the time aside to make decisions that would affect my career, my friends, my family, and ultimately, my life. ……我抽出时间来做一些决定，这些决定将影响我的职业生涯、我的朋友、我的家人，最终，还有我的生活。可知，作者朝圣的目的是为他未来的生活做安排。故选C 项。
【53题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词组上一句中的I had to ask myself what the chances were of an Asian man dressed... and offering his wisdom, seemingly from out of nowhere. 我不得不问自己，一个穿着埃及加拉比亚长袍的亚洲人从这座历史名山的山顶下来的几率有多大，就在我走上去的时候，他停在了我面前，似乎不知从什么地方冒出来，给了我智慧。及划线词组所在句中nearly no chance! 几乎没有机会！可知，“我的问题”是指他人告诉我们真理的可能性是多少。故选D 项。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中That moment in my life was a small miracle. The reason is less about what the man said but more about the timing and the context. …那一刻在我的生命中是一个小小的奇迹。原因不在于他说了什么，而在于时间和背景……可知，原因并非他说了什么， 而是他说这话的时机以及当时我所处的背景。由此判断出为什么作者认为与亚洲人的相遇是他生命中的奇迹是因为他的话完全符合他当时的需要。故选 B项。
【55题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者以自己的亲身经历论述了“正当我们需要奇迹的力量时，奇迹却出现在我们最意想不到的地方”的故事。这个故事告诉我们奇迹无处不在，每天都在发生，因为不同的原因，为了回应我们此刻不同的需求。我们的工作可能不是质疑日常生活中发生的不寻常的事情，而是接受它们带来的礼物。所以短文的最佳标题为“你能认出奇迹吗?”。故选A 项。
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分：写作
第一节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，按照要求用英语回答问题。
In life, once on a path, we tend to follow it, for better or worse. What’s sad is that even if it’s the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness.
This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works—and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap:
People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it bums properly. Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax (石蜡). The tacks are too short, and the candle doesn’t fasten to the wall. So how can you accomplish the task? The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall, and stand the candle inside it.
To think of that, you have to look beyond the box’s usual role as a container just for tacks and reimagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer—to one degree or another—from functional fixedness. The inability to think in new ways affects people in every comer of society. The political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase “frozen thoughts” to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt’s eyes, the complacent reliance on such accepted “truths” also made people blind to ideas that didn’t fit their worldview, even when there was enough evidence for them. Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said, “It can be found in highly intelligent people?”
Another context in which frozen thinking can turn truly dangerous is medicine. If you land in the hospital, it’s natural to want to be treated by the most experienced physicians on staff. But according to a 2014 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), you’d be better off being treated by the relative novices (新手).
56. What’s the reason for the phenomenon “functional fixedness”? (no more than 20 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
57. How can the candle be attached to the wall properly? (no more than 15 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
58. What does the underlined phrase “frozen thoughts” mean? (no more than 10 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
59. Why does the author suggest we be treated by the relative novices? (no more than 20 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
60. How can you avoid frozen thoughts in your daily life? (no more than 20 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】56. We are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different.
57. By emptying the tack, tacking it to the wall, and standing the candle inside it.
58. Deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should.
59. To avoid the frozen thinking of those experienced physicians.
60. I always think outside the box, which can broaden my thinking in countless ways.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种心理学家称之为功能固着的现象。
【56题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“What’s sad is that even if it’s the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness.(可悲的是，即使是后者，我们也常常会走上一条特定的路，因为我们习惯了事情的方式，我们甚至没有意识到它们可能会有所不同。心理学家称这种现象为功能固着)”可知，“功能固着”现象的原因是我们习惯了事情的方式，我们甚至没有意识到它们可能会有所不同。故答案为We are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different.
【57题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall, and stand the candle inside it.(成功的方法是将图钉盒用作烛台。你把它倒空，钉在墙上，把蜡烛放在里面)”可知，将蜡烛正确粘在墙上的方法是将图钉盒用作烛台，把它倒空，钉在墙上，把蜡烛放在里面。故答案为By emptying the tack, tacking it to the wall, and standing the candle inside it.
【58题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据第四段“The political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase “frozen thoughts” to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should.(政治理论家汉娜·阿伦特创造了“frozen thoughts”这一短语，以描述我们不再质疑但是应该质疑的根深蒂固的思想)”可知，frozen thoughts指的是我们不再质疑但是应该质疑的根深蒂固的思想。故答案为Deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should.
【59题详解】
考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Another context in which frozen thinking can turn truly dangerous is medicine. If you land in the hospital, it’s natural to want to be treated by the most experienced physicians on staff. But according to a 2014 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), you’d be better off being treated by the relative novices.(另一个固化思维可能变得真正危险的环境是医学。如果你在医院住院，自然会希望由经验丰富的医生进行治疗。但根据《美国医学会杂志》（JAMA）2014年的一项研究，你最好由相对新手来治疗)”可知，经验丰富的医生可能存在有固化思维，这是危险的，可推知作者建议我们由相对新手来治疗是为了避免那些经验丰富的医生的固化思维。故答案为To avoid the frozen thinking of those experienced physicians.
【60题详解】
开放性试题。注意字数限制，言之有理即可。I always think outside the box, which can broaden my thinking in countless ways.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61. 现在，我们周围的环境变得越来越美，但仍然有一些不尽如人意的地方。为了加强学生们的环保意识，美化自己的家乡，你校打算开展以“为家乡环保出谋献策”为主题的环保征文活动，警示人们要保护环境。请你写一篇短文，参加征文活动。内容要点如下：
1. 分析一些典型环境问题及产生的原因；
2. 建设绿色家乡，建议采取什么措施（不少于2点）；
3. 倡议大家行动起来。
参考信息：Clear waters and lush mountains are as valuable as gold and silver. 绿水青山就是金山银山。
注意：1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 文中不可出现真实的个人信息；
3. 词数不少于100。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Clear waters and lush mountains are essential to our well-being, yet many areas are still suffering from environmental issues.
To promote environmental awareness and beautify our hometown, our school is holding an essay contest under the theme of “Contributing Ideas for Environmental Protection in Hometowns.” We need to take action to build a green hometown. For example, we can encourage eco-friendly transportation like biking and walking, which can reduce pollution and promote healthy living. Another idea is to promote the concept of “zero waste” and encourage recycling. Let’s take responsibility for our environment and make a positive impact.
Remember, “Clear waters and lush mountains are as valuable as gold and silver.” Let’s work together to create a more beautiful and sustainable hometown.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“为家乡环保出谋献策”为主题写一篇短文，参加环保征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：essential →fundamental
问题：issue → problem
提高：promote→improve
影响：impact → influence
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Another idea is to promote the concept of “zero waste” and encourage recycling.
拓展句：Another idea is that we will promote the concept of “zero waste” and encourage recycling.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To promote environmental awareness and beautify our hometown, our school is holding an essay contest under the theme of “Contributing Ideas for Environmental Protection in Hometowns.”（运用了不定式作目的状语）
【高分句型2】For example, we can encourage eco-friendly transportation like biking and walking, which can reduce pollution and promote healthy living.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
2022-2023学年度“三月高考”南开区模拟考试试卷
高三英语笔试
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例：Stand over there ______ you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1. ---Let’s go to the New Year’s Eve party, shall we?
---- ————I guess it will be fun.
A. Forget it! B. No way!
C. Why not? D. What for?
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：--让我们去新年夜晚会，好吗？---好啊!我想那一定很有趣。Forget it！“得了，忘了吧！”；No way！“没门”；Why not！“好啊！”；What for？“为什么？”，根据“I guess it will be fun.”可知，表示同意，故选C。
【点睛】交际英语注重运用，首先平时要多积累常用的交际用语，解题时要在上下文中进行，特别要注意与语境语义的联系。还有要注意中英文之间的差异，千万不要用汉语的思维。对话时要考虑以礼貌用语为主。
2. ______ prize for the winner of the competition is ______ two-week holiday in England.
A. The; a B. 不填; a C. 不填; the D. The; 不填
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：比赛获胜者的奖励是一个到英国度假两周的假期。分析句子可知，第一空格处缺少冠词，此处特指给获奖者的奖励，应使用定冠词the；第二空格处表示“一个两周的假期”，是泛指，应使用不定冠词a。故选A项。
3. In many ways, the education system in China is different from ______ in the UK.
A. it B. those C. one D. that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：在许多方面，中国的教育体系与英国（的教育体系）不同。此处指英国的教育体系，为同类异物特指，且上文system是单数，应用that。故选D。
4. ______ online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
A. After B. If C. While D. Unless
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查从属连词。句意：虽然网上购物改变了我们的生活，但并非所有的影响都是积极的。A. after在……之后（引导时间状语从句）；B. If如果（引导条件状语从句）；C. While尽管，虽然（引导让步状语从句）；D. Unless除非，如果不（引导条件状语从句，相当于if…not）。根据句意，前后句之间为逻辑上的让步关系，应用从属连词while。故选C项。
5. This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you ______ that if you smoked here you would be fined.
A. in detail B. in advance C. in vain D. in general
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个会议室是非吸烟区。我想提前警告你，如果你在这里吸烟，你会被罚款的。A. in detail详细地；B. in advance提前；C. in vain徒劳；D. in general普遍地。根据“if you smoked here you would be fined.”可知，此处是提前警告，in advance符合句意。故选B。
6. Silk ________ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC .
A. had become B. was becoming
C. has become D. is becoming
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：到公元前100年为止，丝绸已经成为丝绸之路上交易的主要商品之一。时间状语是by+过去时间，谓语用过去完成时。故选A。
【点睛】动词的时态、语态是选择题必考内容之一。动词的各种时态形式都可能考到，不过最常考的是一般现在时态、一般过去时态、现在进行时态、一般将来时态以及现在完成时态，同时还常与非谓语动词一起考查。做语法填空题时，首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，如本小题就是考查谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态、语气(陈述语气还是虚拟语气)、主谓一致四个方面。本小题考查过去完成时，从三个方面来进行判断：
1. 看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句，本小题的时间状语是by about 100 BC，故判断是过去完成时。
2. 在没有时间状语或时间状语从句时，要看上下文的谓语动词的形式。
3. 看是否是特殊句型等。如句型“It was+the first time+that从句”中that从句用过去完成时。
7. （2015·天津）As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time ________he should be able to be independent.
A. which B. where
C. whom D. when
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：作为家里最小的孩子，亚历克斯总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。这里使用定语从句，先行词是the time，在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when，故选D。
8. A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, ______ if you are travelling at high speed.
A. especially B. strangely C. gradually D. eventually
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然停车可能是一种非常可怕的经历，特别是如果你在高速行驶。A. especially尤其地；B. strangely奇怪地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. eventually最终地。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语。表示“尤其地”。用especially。故选A。
9. There is no doubt that this candidate’s advantage _____ his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.
A. leaves out B. goes against
C. lies in D. makes up
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：毫无疑问，这位候选人优势在于他能够用英语和外国人交流。A. leaves out 遗漏，省略；B. goes against 违背，和……作对；C. lies in在于；D. makes up编造，组成，化妆，和好。根据句意可知，此处用lie in“在于”符合语境，由is可知本句为现在时，主语advantage是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用三单现形式。故选C项。
【名师点睛】考生要注意这里的he和candidate指的是同一个人，弄清这一点，再分析他的优势与他用英语跟外国人交流的能力之间的关系，很容易判断出“优势在于……”这层关系。另外考生注意积累There is no doubt that“毫无疑问”这一常考结构。
10. George ______ too far. His tea is still warm.
A. should have gone B. can’t have gone C. might have gone D. needn’t have gone
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：乔治不可能走得太远。他的茶还温着。A. should have gone早就该走了；B.can’t have gone不可能走了；C. might have gone可能已经走了；D. needn’t have gone本来不必去的。根据后一句His tea is still warm，可推测乔治不可能走远，此处应用can’t have done结构，表示对过去事情的否定推测，意为“不可能做过某事”。故选B项。
11. The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, ______ air conditioning unnecessary.
A. to make B. making C. made D. having made
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语，但表示预料不到的结果。现在分词的完成式表示其动作在谓语动词的动作之前完成。故选B。
12. At college, Barack Obama didn’t know that he the first black president of the United States of America.
A. was to become B. becomes
C. is to become D. became
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：在大学的时候，奥巴马不知道他将成为美国第一个黑人总统。用过去将来时表示过去某个时间将要发生的事情，所以选A。
【点睛】英语中的时态主要由动词的形式决定，因此在学习英语时态时，要注意分析动词形式及具体语境，想象在那个特定的时间动作所发生的背景，这个动作是经常性动作、一般性动作、进行性动作、完成性动作还是将要发生的动作。这题的解题关键是didn’t know。
13. Beijing roast duck is a ________ Beijing cuisine. Its crisp skin and tender meat attract many tourists.
A. convenient B. typical C. healthy D. homemade
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：北京烤鸭是典型的北京菜肴，酥皮嫩肉吸引了许多游客。A.convenient方便的；便利的；B.typical典型的；有代表性的；C.healthy健康的；D.homemade自制的；国产的。根据句意，此处指北京烤鸭是北京代表性的菜肴。故选B。
14. A young man from a wealthy family graduated from Beijing University and got a job as a pork seller, which________ a public heated debate.
A. set off B. set about C. set out D. set aside
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一名毕业于北京大学的富家子弟，找了一份卖猪肉的工作，此事引发了公众的热议。A. set off出发，引起；B. set about着手，开始做；C. set out动身；D. set aside留出。根据后文“a public heated debate”指引起公众热议应用set off。故选A。
15. —I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree.
—Sounds great! ______.
A. How come B. Go for it C. Never mind D. No wonder
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我在考虑回到学校再拿一个学位。——听上去太棒了!大胆尝试吧。A. How come怎么会……（那样）；B. Go for it尝试，努力争取；C. Never mind没有关系，不要记在心上；D. No wonder难怪。根据前文“I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree.(我在考虑回到学校再拿一个学位。)”可知，前者打算修读另一个学位，这是值得鼓励的事情。故选B项。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C^ D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，将短文内容补充完整。
The day I met Hani Irmawati, she was a shy, 17-year-old girl standing alone in the parking lot of the international school in Indonesia, where I teach English. She asked if I could help her improve her English. I could ____16____ it took immense courage for the young Indonesian girl to ____17____ me and ask for help.
“I want to go to a US university,” she said with ____18____. I was surprised.
I agreed to work with her ____19____ a volunteer basis. For several months, Hani woke each morning at five and caught the city bus to her public high school. During the one-hour ____20____, she studied for her regular classes and finished the English ____21____ I had given her. At four o’clock in the afternoon, she arrived at my classroom, ____22____ but ready to work.
When I met Hani’s family at their ____23____ little house, I realized they would never be able to ____24____ the expenses of a US university. Hani’s enthusiasm was _____25_____ with her language ability, _____26_____ I was becoming more and more discouraged.
One day I received the announcement of a(n) _____27_____ opportunity for a major US university. After reading the requirements, I knew Hani couldn’t meet the _____28_____. I told her that there was only a _____29_____ chance of her getting the scholarship and encouraged her to be more “realistic” about her dream. But she remained _____30_____.
“Will you send in my name?” she asked.
I couldn’t _____31_____ her down. I completed the application, with the painful truth about her academic life, but also with my _____32_____ of her courage and perseverance.
Three weeks later, just before Hani went to Jakarta to take the Test of English Fluency, she received a letter from the scholarship association. She had been _____33_____.
I leaped around the room, overjoyed and shocked. Hani stood by, _____34_____. I realized that it was I who had learned something Hani had known from the beginning: It is not intelligence alone that brings success, but also the _____35_____ to succeed, the commitment to work hard and the courage to believe in yourself.
16. A. believe B. expect C. spot D. tell
17. A. turn B. approach C. excuse D. convince
18. A. anxiety B. suspect C. confidence D. hesitation
19. A. on B. in C. out D. by
20. A. class B. ride C. stay D. break
21. A. assignment B. accent C. journal D. guideline
22. A. bored B. excited C. confused D. exhausted
23. A. ugly B. untidy C. humble D. comfortable
24. A. save B. afford C. charge D. avoid
25. A. fading B. showing C. decreasing D. increasing
26. A. so B. and C. but D. while
27. A. investment B. growth C. promotion D. scholarship
28. A. qualifications B. challenges C. invitations D. deadlines
29. A. real B. slim C. fair D. solid
30. A. practical B. subjective C. determined D. genuine
31. A. take B. break C. put D. turn
32. A. analysis B. criticism C. praise D. concern
33. A. accepted B. rejected C. confirmed D. impressed
34. A. whispering B. smiling C. assuming D. inquiring
35. A. secret B. pressure C. wisdom D. drive
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍的是一个家境贫困的印尼女孩Hani的自信和努力学习的决心使她成功获得原本机会渺茫的奖学金的故事。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看得出来，这个年轻的印尼女孩向我寻求帮助需要极大的勇气。A. believe相信；B. expect期待；C. spot发现；D. tell辨别。根据上文“ She was a shy, 17-year-old girl standing alone in the parking lot of the international school in Indonesia”可知，作者能够看的出来印尼女孩以极大的勇气向作者寻求帮助。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. turn转向；B. approach接近；C. excuse推脱；D. convince使信服。根据后文“ask for help”可知，印尼女孩接近作者寻求帮助。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我想上美国大学，”她自信地说。我很惊讶。A. anxiety焦虑；B. suspect嫌疑犯；C. confidence自信；D. hesitation犹豫。根据后文“I was surprised.”可知，女孩极其自信的表现，使得作者很惊讶。故选C。
【19题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我同意以志愿者的身份为基础和她一起工作。A. on在……上面；B. in在……里面；C. out在外面；D. by通过。句中“on a volunteer basis”为固定搭配，意为“以志愿工作为基础”即表示作者同意无偿帮助印尼女孩学习英语。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个小时的车程中，她学习了常规课程，完成了我布置给她的英语作业。A. class班级；B. ride车程；C. stay停留；D. break休息。根据前文“caught the city bus to her public high school.”可知，印尼女孩坐公车去她的公立高中，在这一小时的车程中她完成了作者布置的任务。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. assignment任务；B. accent口音；C. journal期刊；D. guideline方针。根据后文“I had given her.”可知，作者布置给女孩的任务。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下午四点，她来到我的教室，筋疲力尽，但准备开始学习。A. bored无聊的；B. excited兴奋的；C. confused困惑的；D. exhausted疲劳的。根据前文“During the one-hour ____5___ , she studied for her regular classes and finished the English ____6____ I had given her.”可知，女孩经过了一小时的车程，又完成了作者布置的任务，当到达作者办公室的时候，她是疲劳的。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在女孩家简陋的小房子里见到她的家人时，我意识到他们永远无法负担美国大学的费用。A. ugly丑陋的；B. untidy不整洁的；C. humble简陋的；D. comfortable舒服的。根据上文“little house”和后文“I realized they would never be able to ____9____ the expenses of a US university.”可知，女孩和家人住在简陋的小房子中。故选C。
24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. save节省；B. afford负担的起；C. charge索费；D. avoid避免。根据后文“the expenses of a US university”和作者建议女孩申请奖学金可知，此处表示女孩和家人无法负担大学学费。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hani的热情随着她的语言能力而增强，但我却越来越气馁。A. fading褪色；B. showing展示；C. decreasing减少；D. increasing增加。根据后文的“with her language ability,”可知，女孩的热情随着她的语言能力而增强。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. so所以；B. and并且；C. but但是；D. while然而。根据后文“I was becoming more and more discouraged.”可知，此处构成转折关系，故用but。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我收到了美国一所重点大学的奖学金通知。A. investment投资；B. growth成长；C. promotion晋升，提拔；D. scholarship奖学金。根据后文“I told her that there was only a ____14____ chance of her getting the scholarship and encouraged her to be more “realistic” about her dream.”可知，作者收到了美国一所重点大学的奖学金通知。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看了要求后，我知道Hani不符合条件。A. qualification资格；B. challenges挑战；C. invitations邀请；D. deadlines截止日期。据后文“I told her that there was only a ____14____ chance of her getting the scholarship and encouraged her to be more “realistic” about her dream.”可知，作者知道对于Hani获得该奖学金机会是渺茫的，所以Hani是不符合奖学金的资格。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她，她获得奖学金的机会非常渺茫，并鼓励她对自己的梦想要“现实一点”。A. real真的；B. slim苗条的，渺小的；C. fair公平的；D. solid坚固的。根据后文的“encouraged her to be more “realistic” about her dream.”可知，作者知道Hani获得奖学金的机会是渺茫的。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她仍然很坚定。A. practical实际的；B. subjective主观的；C. determined坚决的；D. genuine真挚的。根据“but”可知，此处与前文构成转折关系，即虽然获得奖学金的机会非常渺茫，但是她依旧坚持。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法拒绝她。A. take拿走；B. break打破；C. put放；D. turn转向。根据后文“I completed the application, with the painful truth about her academic life”可知，作者没有拒绝Hani的请求，把她的名字提交了上去。turn down为固定短语，意为“拒绝”。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我完成了申请，介绍了她学习生活的困难真相，但也对她的勇气和毅力表示了赞扬。A. analysis分析；B. criticism批评；C. praise赞扬；D. concern关心。根据前文“I couldn’t ____16____ her down.”可知，作者在填写表格时，对Hani在学习生活中遇到的困难真相进行了描述同时也对她的勇气和毅力进行了赞扬。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她被录取了。A. accepted接受；B. rejected拒绝；C. confirmed证实；D. impressed印象深刻。根据后文“I leaped around the room, overjoyed and shocked.”可知，Hani被录取了。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hani站在旁边，笑着。A. whispering低声说；B. smiling微笑；C. assuming假设；D. inquiring询问。根据前文“She had been ____18____ .”可知，当Hani得知自己被录取的那一刻，她是微笑着的。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：带来成功的不仅仅是智力，还有对成功的渴望、努力工作的承诺和相信自己的勇气。A. secret秘密；B. pressure压力；C. wisdom智慧；D. drive渴望，动力。根据前文“not intelligence alone that brings success,”并结合Hani对成功的渴望可知，此处表示不仅仅是智力，还有对成功的渴望、努力工作的承诺和相信自己的勇气这才能带来成功。故选D。
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
A
Gymnastics Instructor Wanted
About us
PCYC (Police Citizens Youth Club) Queensland is a not-for-profit organization established in 1948, aiming to build safer and healthier communities. We focus on young people’s personal and leadership development by offering state-wide programs, services and facilities through 54 branches, two leadership development centers and two activity centers.
About the position
PCYC Burdekin currently wants gymnastics instructors, who will assist in the development and delivery of the gymnastics programs to PCYC clients.
•Casual work (approximately 20 30 hours per week)
•$28.38-$31.80 per hour (depending on previous experience and qualification—junior rate may apply)
•To be employed, you must be qualified to get a Working with Children Check or Blue Card and be willing to undertake a National Police Check.
•Applicants with intermediate accreditation (认证) from Gymnastics Queensland will be considered with priority.
What we can offer
•Free onsite parking and free access to PC 24/7 gyms
•Flexible work environment and working hours
•Opportunity to work in an established branch with a great team
Key responsibilities include
•Deliver a broad range of fun group gymnastics programs for all ages, in accordance with safety and industry-approved practice requirements.
•Contribute towards creative marketing and promotion of the gymnastics programs to maintain current participants and attract new participants.
•Ensure our gymnastics equipment is maintained and used in a safe manner.
•Instruct and assist the work of junior coaching staff.
Deadline
Applications close on 8 September, 2022. Interested? Click here to apply.
36. What is PCYC Queensland’s goal?
A. To provide the youth with advice on personal emotions.
B. To make a fortune through state-wide programs.
C. To build more branches outside Queensland.
D. To improve community security and health.
37. How much can a gymnastics instructor in PCYC Burdekin earn in a week?
A. $100-$300. B. $330-$530. C. $560-$960. D. $990-$1390.
38. What should you do to increase your chance of being employed by PCYC Burdekin?
A. Express the desire to work for National Police Agency.
B. Show the intermediate gymnastics qualification.
C. Present the experiences in dealing with children.
D. Explain the urgent need for a full-time job.
39. If hired, a gymnastics instructor will be responsible for_________.
A. seeking junior coaches to build a team
B. seleoting suitable equipment for teenagers
C. helping advertise the gymnastics programs
D. designing new gymnastics programs independently
40. Where does this text probably come from?
A. A Queensland’s local paper. B. A job-hunting mobile app.
C. A popular science website. D. A notice-board in a gym.
【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 39. C 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是关于招聘体操教练的一些相关信息，包括招聘机构的简介、工作岗位的介绍、工作时间、薪资、应聘要求以及工作职责等。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据About us部分的“PCYC (Police Citizens Youth Club) Queensland is a not-for-profit organization established in 1948, aiming to build safer and healthier communities.(昆士兰PCYC成立于1948年，是一个非营利性组织，旨在建立更安全、更健康的社区。)”可知，昆士兰PCYC的目标是改善社区安全和健康。故选D。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据About the position部分的“•Casual work (approximately 20 30 hours per week)•$28.38-$31.80 per hour(•临时工作（每周大约20--30小时）•每小时28.38--31.80美元)”可知，PCYC Burdekin的体操教练一周能挣的钱是$28.38*20--$31.80*30，即$567.6——$954，最接近的答案是$560-$960，故选C。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据About the position部分的“•Applicants with intermediate accreditation (认证) from Gymnastics Queensland will be considered with priority.(•获得昆士兰体操协会中级认证的申请人将优先考虑。)”可知，展示中级体操资格来增加被PCYC Burdekin雇用的机会。故选B。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据Key responsibilities include部分的“•Contribute towards creative marketing and promotion of the gymnastics programs to maintain current participants and attract new participants.(•负责体操项目的创意营销和推广，以保持现有学员并吸引新学员。)”可知，如果被聘用，将由一名体操教练负责帮助宣传体操项目，故选C。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据Deadline部分的“Applications close on 8 September, 2022. Interested? Click here to apply.(申请截止日期为2022年9月8日。感兴趣吗？点击这里申请。)”可知，这是一篇招聘广告，能点击申请，说明这是网上的，因此本文可能来自于一个求职手机应用程序。故选B。
B
I’d done it before, and so I had no reason to believe that this time would be any different. I was sure that when I returned home from my mission trip, as always, I’d bring back nothing more than some mud on my boots, a hole or two in my jeans and, of course, a lot of great memories.
The summer before my high school graduation, I went to West Virginia with others as volunteers to repair the homes of those in need. Arriving at our destination, my group was assigned the task of rebuilding sections of a home that had been damaged by fire. No sooner had we parked on the home’s dirt driveway than we saw an excited little girl, no more than six years old, standing in the doorway of the family’s temporary home. Shoeless and wearing dirty clothes and the biggest smile I’d ever seen, she yelled, “Ma, Ma, they really came!” I didn’t know it then, but her name was Dakota, and four more days would pass before she’d say another word near me.
Behind Dakota was a woman in a wheelchair — her grandmother, we’d soon learn. I also discovered that my job that week would be to help change a fire-damaged dining room into a bedroom for this little girl. Over the following days, I noticed Dakota peeking at us every now and then as we worked. A few times, I tried talking with her, but she remained shy and distant, always flying around us like a tiny butterfly but keeping to herself.
By our fifth and final day, however, this was about to change. Before I went to work on her home on that last morning, I spoke for a moment or two with the grandmother. I was especially pleased when she told me how much Dakota loved her new room — so much. As we talked, I noticed something I hadn’t seen before — Dakota was hiding behind her grandmother.
Cautiously, she stepped into view, and I could see that just like her clothes, her face was still dirty. But no amount of soil could hide those bright blue eyes and big smile. She was simply adorable. Slowly, she began walking toward me. It wasn’t until she was just inches away that I noticed the folded piece of paper in her tiny hand. Silently, she reached up and handed it to me. Once unfolded, I looked at the drawing she’d made with her broken crayons on the back of an old coloring book cover. It was of two girls — one much taller than the other — and they were holding hands. She told me it was supposed to be me and her, and on the bottom of the paper were three little words that instantly broke my heart: “Please don’t leave”. Now almost in tears, I couldn’t control myself anymore — I bent down and hugged her. She hugged me, too. And for the longest time, neither of us could let go.
I left for home early the next morning. I was returning with muddy boots and holes in my jeans. But because of Dakota, I brought back something else, too — a greater appreciation for all of the blessings of my life. I’ll never forget that barefoot little butterfly with the big smile and dirty face. I pray that she’ll never forget me either.
41. What did the author expect before taking this mission trip?
A. An exciting experience. B. A special memory.
C. A routine result. D. A surprising change.
42. From the appearance description of the little girl we know ________.
A. she was an innocent and lovely child B. she hoped for a better education
C. she was strong and calm in the inner world D. she formed a bad living habit
43. The underlined part means that the little girl ________.
A. enjoyed meeting me B. feared to talk with me
C. desired to approach me D. resisted accepting me
44. How did the author feel after unfolding the piece of paper?
A. She worried about the little girl’s future.
B. She decided to keep helping the little girl.
C. She felt a greater affection for the little girl.
D. She got surprised at the little girl’s worthless gift.
45. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. One must learn to share life experiences.
B. One should be more grateful for the gift of life.
C. One often wants to lead a meaningful life.
D. One occasionally benefits from the poverty.
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者本次宣教之旅中和所遇小女孩的感情交流，告诉我们一个人应该对生活拥有更多的感激。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“I’d done it before, and so I had no reason to believe that this time would be any different. (我以前做过，所以我没有理由相信这次会有什么不同。)”可知，作者此行的预期是一个平常的结果。故选C项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Shoeless and wearing dirty clothes and the biggest smile I’d ever seen, she yelled, ‘Ma, Ma, they really came!’ (她光着脚，穿着脏衣服，脸上带着我见过的最灿烂的笑容，大声喊道：‘妈，妈，他们真的来了！’)”可知，从小女孩的外貌描述，我们知道她是一个天真可爱的孩子。故选A项。
【43题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句前半部分“A few times, I tried talking with her, but she remained shy and distant (有几次，我试着和她说话，但她总是害羞和疏远)”说明小女孩很害羞，不敢和作者说话，从而推知划线词句“always flying around us like a tiny butterfly but keeping to herself (总是像一只小蝴蝶在我们周围飞来飞去，但不跟我们说话。)”其中划线部分意为“小女孩不敢和我说话”。故选B项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“She told me it was supposed to be me and her, and on the bottom of the paper were three little words that instantly broke my heart: ‘Please don’t leave’. Now almost in tears, I couldn’t control myself anymore — I bent down and hugged her. She hugged me, too. And for the longest time, neither of us could let go. (她告诉我这张纸上写的是我和她，纸的底部有三个词让我立刻心碎：‘请不要离开’。我几乎要哭了，我再也控制不住自己了——我弯下腰拥抱了她。她也拥抱了我。很长一段时间，我们都无法释怀。)”可以推知，打开这张纸后，作者对这个小女孩有了更深的感情。故选C项。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I left for home early the next morning. I was returning with muddy boots and holes in my jeans. But because of Dakota, I brought back something else, too — a greater appreciation for all of the blessings of my life. I’ll never forget that barefoot little butterfly with the big smile and dirty face. I pray that she’ll never forget me either. (第二天一早我就动身回家了。我回来的时候，靴子上都是泥，牛仔裤也破了洞。但是因为Dakota，我也带回了一些其他的东西——对我生命中所有幸福的更多的感激。我永远不会忘记那只光脚的小蝴蝶，脸上挂着灿烂的笑容和肮脏的脸。我也祈祷她永远不会忘记我。)”可知，本文通过作者本次宣教之旅中和所遇小女孩的感情交流，告诉我们一个人应该对生活拥有更多的感激。故选B项。
C
When you hear “I have a dream...”, one of the most famous speeches in human history, you’ll never have the idea how the audience on the scene were fueled by emotional intelligence. When Martin Luther King. Jr. presented his dream, he chose language that would stir the hearts of his audience. Delivering this electrifying (震撼性的) message required emotional intelligence — the ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions.
Emotional intelligence has been highly recommended by leaders, policymakers, and educators as the solution to a wide range of social problems. Emotional intelligence is important, but the uncontrolled enthusiasm has obscured (掩盖) a dark side. New evidence shows that when people sharpen their emotional skills, they become better at controlling others. When you’re good at controlling your own emotions, you can hide your true feelings. When you know what others are feeling, you can motivate them to act against their own best interests.
Social scientists have begun to document this dark side of emotional intelligence. In a research led by University of Toronto professor Jochen Menges, when a leader gave an inspiring speech filled with emotion, the audience was less likely to scrutinize (细察) the message and remembered the content. Ironically (讽刺是), audience members were so moved by the speech that they claimed to recall more of it.
The authors call this the awestruck effect, but it might just as easily be described as the dumbstruck effect. One observer reflected that Hitler’s persuasive impact came from his ability to strategically express emotions — he would “tear open his heart” — and these emotions affected his followers to the point that they would “stop thinking critically and just emote?”
Leaders who master emotions can rob us of our abilities to reason. If their values are out of step with our own, the results can be destructive. New evidence suggests that when people have self-serving motives, emotional intelligence becomes a weapon for controlling others.
Throwing light on this dark side of emotional intelligence is one mission of a research team led by University College London professor Martin Kilduff. According to these experts, emotional intelligence helps people disguise (伪装) one set of emotions while expressing another for personal gain. Professor Kilduff’s team writes, “The strategic disguise of one’s own emotions and the controlling of others’ emotions for strategic ends are behaviors evident not only on Shakespeare’s stage but also in the offices and corridors where power and influence are traded.”
Of course, people aren’t always using emotional intelligence for immoral ends. More often than not, high EQ is helpful in most aspects of our life. Emotional intelligence — like any skill — can be used for good or evil. So whether it is a gift or a curse lies in your hand.
46. Why does the author mention Martin Luther King, Jr?
A. To honor the great leader for his courage.
B. To recommend his speech to other leaders.
C. To introduce the major topic to readers.
D. To advocate a society with fewer problems.
47. Which of the following belongs to a dark side of emotional intelligence?
A. Developing the capability to control one’s own emotion.
B. Influencing people to do what brings disadvantages to them.
C. Appealing to the audience to concentrate and remember more.
D. Encouraging the moved audience to learn more of the speech.
48. What is the dumbstruck effect of Hitler’s emotional intelligence?
A. His followers would tear open their hearts to him.
B. His followers would express emotions strategically.
C. His followers would lose the ability to reason properly.
D. His followers would develop the self-serving motives.
49. How do people use their emotional intelligence for personal gain?
A. They disguise their true emotions and show another one.
B. They help their colleagues to build up confidence.
C. They present their strategic behaviors on the stage.
D. They lower their own dignity to gain popularity.
50. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. The benefits of emotional intelligence.
B. The advantages and disadvantages of emotions.
C. The reasons for using emotional skills.
D. The dark side of emotional intelligence.
【答案】46. C 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了什么是情商以及举例论证情商的阴暗面及其影响。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When Martin Luther King. Jr. presented his dream, he chose language that would stir the hearts of his audience. Delivering this electrifying (震撼性的) message required emotional intelligence — the ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions.(当马丁·路德·金。当他展示自己的梦想时，他选择了能够打动听众的语言。传达这一激动人心的信息需要情商——识别、理解和管理情绪的能力。)”可知，马丁·路德·金的演讲就是运用了情商。结合下文可知，情商是本文的主题，故文章是使用马丁·路德·金的故事来引出话题。故选C项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Emotional intelligence is important, but the uncontrolled enthusiasm has obscured (掩盖) a dark side. New evidence shows that when people sharpen their emotional skills, they become better at controlling others. When you’re good at controlling your own emotions, you can hide your true feelings. When you know what others are feeling, you can motivate them to act against their own best interests.(情商很重要，但不受控制的热情掩盖了它的黑暗面。新的证据表明，当人们提高自己的情感技能时，他们就能更好地控制他人。当你善于控制自己的情绪时，你就能隐藏自己的真实感受。当你知道别人的感受时，你可以促使他们去做违背他们自己最佳利益的事情。)”可知，情商的阴暗面是可以影响人们去做对他们不利的事情。故选B项。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“One observer reflected that Hitler’s persuasive impact came from his ability to strategically express emotions — he would ‘tear open his heart’ — and these emotions affected his followers to the point that they would ‘stop thinking critically and just emote?’(一位观察家认为，希特勒的说服力来自于他有策略地表达情感的能力——他会“撕开自己的心”——这些情感影响了他的追随者，以至于他们“不再批判性地思考，而只是表达?)”可知，希特勒的情商带来的让人目瞪口呆的效果是他的追随者失去理智，不会去理性思考。故选C项。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“According to these experts, emotional intelligence helps people disguise (伪装) one set of emotions while expressing another for personal gain.(根据这些专家的说法，情商可以帮助人们掩饰一种情绪，同时为了个人利益表达另一种情绪。)”可知，人们会利用自己的情商来掩饰自己的真实情绪，并表现出另一种情绪，从而达到谋取私利的目的。故选A项。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段“Social scientists have begun to document this dark side of emotional intelligence.(社会科学家已经开始记录情商的黑暗面。)”可知，文章前两段介绍什么是情商，从第三段开始主要介绍情商的阴暗面，并举例论证。所以本文主要讲的是情商的阴暗面，故“The dark side of emotional intelligence (情商的黑暗面)”是文章最佳标题。故选D项。
D
Sometimes just when we need the power of miracles, they arise in the places we would least expect.
On a cold January afternoon in 1989, I was climbing Egypt’s Mt. Horeb, hoping to get to the peak by sunset to see the valley below. As I was winding up the narrow path, I’d sometimes see other hikers who were coming down. While they would generally pass with simply a nod or a greeting in another language, there was one man who did neither.
I saw him coming and as he got closer, I could see that, unlike other hikers, he was wearing traditional Egyptian galabia( 长 袍 ). What made his appearance so strange was that the man didn’t even appear to be Egyptian, but was a small-framed Asian man with little hair and round glasses.
As we neared one another, I said Hello, but not a sound came from him. I thought maybe he hadn’t heard me. Suddenly he stopped directly in front of me, looked up from the ground, and spoke a single sentence to me in English, “Sometimes you don’t know what you have lost until you’ve lost it.” As I took in what I had just heard, he simply stepped around me and continued his going down.
That moment in my life was a small miracle. The reason is less about what the man said but more about the timing and the context. The year was 1989, and it was during my Egyptian pilgrimage (朝圣), and specifically during my hike to Mt. Horeb, that I’d set the time aside to make decisions that would affect my career, my friends, my family, and ultimately, my life.
I had to ask myself what the chances were of an Asian man dressed in an Egyptian galabia coming down from the top of this historic mountain just when I was walking up, stopping before me, and offering his wisdom, seemingly from out of nowhere. My answer to my own question was easy: nearly no chance! In a meet that lasted less than two minutes, a total stranger had brought something clear and something of a warning, regarding the huge changes that I would make within a matter of days. In my way of thinking, that’s a miracle.
Miracles are everywhere and occur every day for different reasons, in response to the different needs that we may have in the moment. Our job may be less about questioning the extraordinary things that happen in our daily lives and more about accepting the gifts they bring.
51. Before the Asian man spoke, how did the author think about him?
A. He was very rude and strange.
B. He was different from others.
C. He was shy and nod to strangers.
D. He looked ordinary and was talkative.
52. Why did the author make a pilgrimage to Mt Horeb in Egypt ?
A. He was in search of a miracle in his life.
B. It was a place for a religious person to head for.
C. He intended to make arrangements for his future life.
D. He waited patiently in expectation of meeting a wise person.
53. What does the underlined part “my own question” refer to in paragraph 6 ?
A. For what reason did the man stop before me ?
B. Why did the Asian man go to the mountain ?
C. What change would I make within a matter of days ?
D. What was the probability that others told us the right words ?
54. Why did the author view the meet with the Asian man as a miracle in his life?
A. Because the Asian man’s appearance had a deciding effect on his future life.
B. Because his words were in perfect response to the need he had at that moment.
C. Because what the Asian man said was meaningful in the philosophy of life.
D. Because the Asian man impressed on him the worth of what he had possessed.
55. What might be the best title for the passage ?
A. Can you recognize a miracle? B. Is a miracle significant to us?
C. When might a miracle occur? D. Why do we need a miracle?
【答案】51. B 52. C 53. D 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以自己的亲身经历论述了“正当我们需要奇迹的力量时，奇迹却出现在我们最意想不到的地方”的故事。这个故事告诉我们奇迹无处不在，每天都在发生，因为不同的原因，为了回应我们此刻不同的需求。我们的工作可能不是质疑日常生活中发生的不寻常的事情，而是接受它们带来的礼物。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中I saw him coming and as he got closer, I could see that, unlike other hikers, he was wearing traditional Egyptian galabia(长袍). 我看到他走过来，当他走近时，我可以看到，和其他徒步旅行者不同，他穿着传统埃及长袍。可知，在那个亚洲人说话之前，作者认为他和其他人不一样。故选B项。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中…that I’d set the time aside to make decisions that would affect my career, my friends, my family, and ultimately, my life. ……我抽出时间来做一些决定，这些决定将影响我的职业生涯、我的朋友、我的家人，最终，还有我的生活。可知，作者朝圣的目的是为他未来的生活做安排。故选C 项。
【53题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词组上一句中的I had to ask myself what the chances were of an Asian man dressed... and offering his wisdom, seemingly from out of nowhere. 我不得不问自己，一个穿着埃及加拉比亚长袍的亚洲人从这座历史名山的山顶下来的几率有多大，就在我走上去的时候，他停在了我面前，似乎不知从什么地方冒出来，给了我智慧。及划线词组所在句中nearly no chance! 几乎没有机会！可知，“我的问题”是指他人告诉我们真理的可能性是多少。故选D 项。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中That moment in my life was a small miracle. The reason is less about what the man said but more about the timing and the context. …那一刻在我的生命中是一个小小的奇迹。原因不在于他说了什么，而在于时间和背景……可知，原因并非他说了什么， 而是他说这话的时机以及当时我所处的背景。由此判断出为什么作者认为与亚洲人的相遇是他生命中的奇迹是因为他的话完全符合他当时的需要。故选 B项。
【55题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者以自己的亲身经历论述了“正当我们需要奇迹的力量时，奇迹却出现在我们最意想不到的地方”的故事。这个故事告诉我们奇迹无处不在，每天都在发生，因为不同的原因，为了回应我们此刻不同的需求。我们的工作可能不是质疑日常生活中发生的不寻常的事情，而是接受它们带来的礼物。所以短文的最佳标题为“你能认出奇迹吗?”。故选A 项。
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分：写作
第一节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，按照要求用英语回答问题。
In life, once on a path, we tend to follow it, for better or worse. What’s sad is that even if it’s the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness.
This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works—and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap:
People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it bums properly. Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax (石蜡). The tacks are too short, and the candle doesn’t fasten to the wall. So how can you accomplish the task? The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall, and stand the candle inside it.
To think of that, you have to look beyond the box’s usual role as a container just for tacks and reimagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer—to one degree or another—from functional fixedness. The inability to think in new ways affects people in every comer of society. The political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase “frozen thoughts” to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt’s eyes, the complacent reliance on such accepted “truths” also made people blind to ideas that didn’t fit their worldview, even when there was enough evidence for them. Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said, “It can be found in highly intelligent people?”
Another context in which frozen thinking can turn truly dangerous is medicine. If you land in the hospital, it’s natural to want to be treated by the most experienced physicians on staff. But according to a 2014 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), you’d be better off being treated by the relative novices (新手).
56. What’s the reason for the phenomenon “functional fixedness”? (no more than 20 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
57. How can the candle be attached to the wall properly? (no more than 15 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
58. What does the underlined phrase “frozen thoughts” mean? (no more than 10 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
59. Why does the author suggest we be treated by the relative novices? (no more than 20 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
60. How can you avoid frozen thoughts in your daily life? (no more than 20 words)
_____________________________________________________________________
【答案】56. We are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different.
57. By emptying the tack, tacking it to the wall, and standing the candle inside it.
58. Deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should.
59. To avoid the frozen thinking of those experienced physicians.
60. I always think outside the box, which can broaden my thinking in countless ways.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种心理学家称之为功能固着的现象。
【56题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“What’s sad is that even if it’s the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness.(可悲的是，即使是后者，我们也常常会走上一条特定的路，因为我们习惯了事情的方式，我们甚至没有意识到它们可能会有所不同。心理学家称这种现象为功能固着)”可知，“功能固着”现象的原因是我们习惯了事情的方式，我们甚至没有意识到它们可能会有所不同。故答案为We are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different.
【57题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall, and stand the candle inside it.(成功的方法是将图钉盒用作烛台。你把它倒空，钉在墙上，把蜡烛放在里面)”可知，将蜡烛正确粘在墙上的方法是将图钉盒用作烛台，把它倒空，钉在墙上，把蜡烛放在里面。故答案为By emptying the tack, tacking it to the wall, and standing the candle inside it.
【58题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据第四段“The political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase “frozen thoughts” to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should.(政治理论家汉娜·阿伦特创造了“frozen thoughts”这一短语，以描述我们不再质疑但是应该质疑的根深蒂固的思想)”可知，frozen thoughts指的是我们不再质疑但是应该质疑的根深蒂固的思想。故答案为Deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should.
【59题详解】
考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Another context in which frozen thinking can turn truly dangerous is medicine. If you land in the hospital, it’s natural to want to be treated by the most experienced physicians on staff. But according to a 2014 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), you’d be better off being treated by the relative novices.(另一个固化思维可能变得真正危险的环境是医学。如果你在医院住院，自然会希望由经验丰富的医生进行治疗。但根据《美国医学会杂志》（JAMA）2014年的一项研究，你最好由相对新手来治疗)”可知，经验丰富的医生可能存在有固化思维，这是危险的，可推知作者建议我们由相对新手来治疗是为了避免那些经验丰富的医生的固化思维。故答案为To avoid the frozen thinking of those experienced physicians.
【60题详解】
开放性试题。注意字数限制，言之有理即可。I always think outside the box, which can broaden my thinking in countless ways.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61. 现在，我们周围的环境变得越来越美，但仍然有一些不尽如人意的地方。为了加强学生们的环保意识，美化自己的家乡，你校打算开展以“为家乡环保出谋献策”为主题的环保征文活动，警示人们要保护环境。请你写一篇短文，参加征文活动。内容要点如下：
1. 分析一些典型环境问题及产生的原因；
2. 建设绿色家乡，建议采取什么措施（不少于2点）；
3. 倡议大家行动起来。
参考信息：Clear waters and lush mountains are as valuable as gold and silver. 绿水青山就是金山银山。
注意：1. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2. 文中不可出现真实的个人信息；
3. 词数不少于100。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Clear waters and lush mountains are essential to our well-being, yet many areas are still suffering from environmental issues.
To promote environmental awareness and beautify our hometown, our school is holding an essay contest under the theme of “Contributing Ideas for Environmental Protection in Hometowns.” We need to take action to build a green hometown. For example, we can encourage eco-friendly transportation like biking and walking, which can reduce pollution and promote healthy living. Another idea is to promote the concept of “zero waste” and encourage recycling. Let’s take responsibility for our environment and make a positive impact.
Remember, “Clear waters and lush mountains are as valuable as gold and silver.” Let’s work together to create a more beautiful and sustainable hometown.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“为家乡环保出谋献策”为主题写一篇短文，参加环保征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：essential →fundamental
问题：issue → problem
提高：promote→improve
影响：impact → influence
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Another idea is to promote the concept of “zero waste” and encourage recycling.
拓展句：Another idea is that we will promote the concept of “zero waste” and encourage recycling.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To promote environmental awareness and beautify our hometown, our school is holding an essay contest under the theme of “Contributing Ideas for Environmental Protection in Hometowns.”（运用了不定式作目的状语）
【高分句型2】For example, we can encourage eco-friendly transportation like biking and walking, which can reduce pollution and promote healthy living.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
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