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天津市南开区2023届高三英语下学期质量监测（二）试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份天津市南开区2023届高三英语下学期质量监测（二）试卷（Word版附解析），共27页。
2022—2023学年度第二学期高三年级质量监测(二)
高三年级 英语学科 笔试试卷
本试卷分第I卷(选择题)、第II卷(非选择题)两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至12页，第II卷13至16页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利!
第I卷
注意事项：
1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
2.本卷共55小题，共95分。
第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例：Stand over there ________ you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1. —So you missed the football match held yesterday.
—_____________. I got there 15 minutes before the end of it.
A. Not likely B. Not a little C. Not at all D. Not exactly
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】空处短语辨析。句意：——所以你错过了昨天举办的足球赛。——不完全是。我在它结束前十五分钟赶到了那里。A. Not likely不大可能；B. Not a little许多；C. Not at all 一点也不；D. Not exactly不完全是，此处应表示没有完全错过昨天那场比赛，故选D。
2. Most of the top leaders expressed a common desire at the UN conference, that different cultures should coexist with tolerance.
A. the one B. the ones C. ones D. one
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：大多数最高领导人在联合国会议上表达了一个共同愿望，即不同的文化应相容并存。A. the one用于指代一个确定的名词，相当于 the+单数名词；B. the ones用于指代特定的一些，相当于 those；C. ones代替一些不特别指定的名词，相当于一个不带冠词的复数名词；D. one所代替的名词，是一个不特指的名词，相当于a\an+名词。句中代指a desire，是同位语，所以用不定代词one代指。故选D。
3. How to protect children from unsuitable material on some websites while encouraging them to use the Internet __________ in many areas of the world.
A. have long been discussed B. has long been discussed
C. were long been discussed D. was long been discussed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：如何在鼓励儿童使用互联网的同时，保护他们不受某些网站上不良内容的影响，这在世界许多地区早就被讨论过了。A.have long been discussed现在完成时的被动；B.has long been discussed现在完成时的被动。C项和D项形式错误。分析句子，主语是不定式短语“how+to do”，所以谓语动词用单数；根据句意，本句用现在时，且表示“已经被讨论”，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B。
4. A ________identification card is required when you purchase foreign money from Bank of China.
A. beneficial B. effective C. valid D. flexible
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你向中国银行购买外币时，会被要求出示有效期内的身份证。A. beneficial有益的，有利的；B. effective有效的，起作用的；C. valid有效的，合法的；D. flexible灵活的。结合句意可直接排除A、D选项，其也无法与“身份证”搭配而修饰这一名词。题目重点在于B、C的辨析，effective是指某物、某事有实际效果，能起作用的“有效”，而valid是指有效期内的，正当合法的“有效”，在本句语境中valid恰当。故选C。
5. We have much to look forward to in the future, thanks to advances in technology. I’m sure that AI doctors are________.
A. in the way B. on the spot C. in the end D. on the horizon
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析 句意：由于技术的进步，我们对未来有很多期待。我相信人工智能医生即将到来。A. in the way碍事；B. on the spot当场；C. in the end最后；D. on the horizon即将发生。由语意可知，此处表示由于技术的进步，人工智能医生即将到来，符合句意。故选D项。
6. ________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A. Enjoying B. Enjoyed C. To enjoy D. Having enjoyed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老人开始使用智能手机。A. Enjoying享受；B. Enjoyed享受；C. To enjoy为了享受；D. Having enjoyed享受过。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语started，空处应为非谓语动词，结合句意可知表示目的，应用不定式，故选C项。
7. Such a simple experiment can effectively ________ people’s doubts about the new technology, so they are willing to embrace the innovation.
A. bring forth B. go over C. put away D. wipe out
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这样一个简单的实验可以有效地消除人们对新技术的疑虑，让他们愿意接受创新。A. bring forth 产生，发表；B. go over复习；C. put away放好，抛弃；D. wipe out消灭，彻底摧毁。根据“so they are willing to embrace the innovation”可知，这个试验消除人们的疑虑了。故选D项。
8. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of how he can react more _________on such occasions.
A. apparently B. appropriately
C. approximately D. approvingly
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：作为一名新外交官，他经常想在这种场合下如何更恰当地作出反应。apparently显然地，表面上；appropriately适当地，恰当地；approximately近似地，大约; 许；approvingly赞成地，认可地。分析选项可知B符合题意。
9. As companies are trying hard to attract and keep young people for their technical skills and enthusiasm for change, office culture is becoming an ________ of youth culture.
A. expansion B. extension C. expression D. exhibition
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于各公司都在努力吸引和留住具有技术能力和变革热情的年轻人，办公室文化正在成为青年文化的延伸。A. expansion扩大；B. extension延伸；C. expression表达；D. exhibition展览。根据空后“of youth culture”及常识可知，此处指办公室文化正在成为青年文化的延伸。故选B。
10. ________ with two job offers, we may wonder exactly what it is we’ re choosing between.
A. Having presented B. To be presented C. Presenting D. Presented
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对两份工作机会，我们可能会想知道到底是什么让我们在两者之间做出选择（如何选择要看自己真正看重的是什么）。句中已有谓语动词wonder，所以此处为非谓语作状语，present与主语we之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动和完成，作状语。故选D。
11. Last winter, part of Britain was struck by snowstorms, from ________ effects most passengers in Heathrow were suffering a lot, especially those with children.
A. which B. what C. whose D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：去年冬天，英国部分地区遭受了暴风雪的袭击，希思罗机场的大多数乘客都受到了暴风雪的影响，尤其是那些有孩子的乘客。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是snowstorms，关系词替代先行词在从句中作effects的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故选C。
12. The department manager promised ______ told her who stole the necklace would be rewarded. To her surprise, ______ she said, there was no response.
A. whoever; whichever
B. whoever; no matter what
C. no matter who; whatever
D. no matter who; no matter what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查no matter＋特殊疑问词和特殊疑问词＋ever的辨析和使用。句意：这位部门经理承诺不管谁告诉他谁偷走那条项链，都会得到奖赏。让他惊异的是，不管她说了什么，都没有回复。no matter＋特殊疑问词一般引导让步状语从句，表示“无论…”。而特殊疑问词＋ever既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句，同样表示“无论…”。句中promised之后是一个宾语从句，属于名词性从句，因此只能用特殊疑问词＋ever，而后面则是一个让步状语从句，使用no matter＋特殊疑问词。故选B。
13. —I have been considering cancelling the project because it seems hard to go farther.
—But it’s too early to________ now. There’s still much hope.
A. have second thoughts B. throw in the towel
C. test the waters D. make ends meet
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查习语。句意：——我一直在考虑取消这个项目，因为似乎很难再继续下去了。——但现在认输还为时过早。还有很多希望。A. have second thoughts三思；B. throw in the towel认输；C. test the waters试水；D. make ends meet收支相抵。根据“There’s still much hope.”可知，现在就认输（放弃）为时过早。故选B。
14. We will ________ restoration and reconstruction of the area after the disaster, including transportation, communications and water supply.
A. accommodate B. accumulate C. accelerate D. accustom
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们将加快灾后恢复重建，包括交通、通信和供水。A. accommodate为……提供住宿；B. accumulate积累；C. accelerate加快；D. accustom使习惯于。由“restoration and reconstruction of the area after the disaster”可知，句子表示“我们将加快灾后恢复重建”，空格处意为“加快”，故选C。
15. ________ he became seriously ill in 1998, the famous writer had been carrying out comparative studies of classical Chinese texts.
A. Since B. When C. Although D. Until
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：这位著名作家一直对中国古典文本进行比较研究，直到1998年他的病变得严重为止。A. Since 自从； B. When 当……的时候； C. Although 尽管； D. Until直到。根据语境可知，直到1998年他病重时才停止研究。故选D。
第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，将短文内容补充完整。
An elementary school in Scotland gave its students a special present. Instead of being asked to do different kinds of homework or book reports, the children did acts of ____16____, which is a much more ____17____ lesson.
The children ____18____ Galsoil School in Clonty performed these kind acts in December and ____19____ their acts in writing or pictures in a Kindness diary.
In the project, the teachers ____20____ the students to do kind deeds for an elderly neighbor or a friend who is feeling ____21____, any act that helped to ____22____ someone’s day.
The students were also encouraged to write kind notes to each other that were read at a ____23____ every week and all the classes got together to discuss and ____24____ a school-wide project to help the community during the holiday season.
“We are _____25_____ our pupils to think of the real _____26_____ of New Year — kindness and giving,” vice principal said. “There is nobody in this world who wouldn’t _____27_____ from an act of kindness, and _____28_____ the joy of kindness is that it _____29_____ nothing.
A student Andy said, “Kindness is about making people’s lives _____30_____ by changing little things, or doing little nice things to make a _____31_____ to people around.”
The children made a lot of _____32_____ to their grandparents and to seniors in the community to _____33_____ with them over the phone, relieving their loneliness. What the children have learned about kindness is far more _____34_____ than reading, writing, and math. Even the youngest students have _____35_____ much.
16. A. appreciation B. reading C. kindness D. drawing
17. A. demanding B. valuable C. reliable D. previous
18. A. attending B. leaving C. visiting D. interviewing
19. A. conducted B. spread C. broadcast D. recorded
20. A. permitted B. advised C. promised D. begged
21. A. lonely B. guilty C. enthusiastic D. awkward
22. A. promise B. control C. describe D. brighten
23. A. meeting B. concert C. hospital D. station
24. A. live up to B. come up with C. keep up with D. look up to
25. A. pushing B. forcing C. inspiring D. warning
26. A. origin B. traditions C. characteristics D. spirit
27. A. suffer B. benefit C. recover D. separate
28. A. definitely B. strangely C. gradually D. unluckily
29. A. produces B. costs C. deserves D. holds
30. A. richer B. busier C. better D. safer
31. A. choice B. decision C. collection D. difference
32. A. calls B. gifts C. cards D. plans
33. A. compromise B. interpret C. chat D. negotiate
34. A. enjoyable B. popular C. formal D. important
35. A. observed B. shared C. gained D. discussed
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一所学校用做善事代替做家庭作业，让学生了解善良与给予的重要性。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们没有被要求做各种各样家庭作业或读书报告，而是做了一些善良的行为，这是更有价值的一课。A. appreciation赞赏；B. reading阅读；C. kindness善良；D. drawing绘画。根据下文“The children ____3____ Galsoil School in Clonty performed these kind acts in December and ____4____ their acts in writing or pictures in a Kindness diary.”可知，学校要求孩子们做一些善事。故选C。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们没有被要求做各种各样的家庭作业或读书报告，而是做了一些善良的行为，这是更有价值的一课。A. demanding要求苛刻的；B. valuable有价值的；C. reliable可靠的；D. previous以前的。根据下文“What the children have learned about kindness is far more ____19____ than reading, writing, and math.”可知，让孩子们作善事更有价值。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在克伦蒂的加尔索尔学校上学的孩子们在12月进行了这些善良的行为，并将他们的行为以文字或图片记录在一本“善良日记”中。A. attending定期去（学校、教堂等）；B. leaving离开；C. visiting访问；D. interviewing面试。根据上文“An elementary school in Scotland gave its students a special present. Instead of being asked to do different kinds of homework or book reports, the children did acts of ____1____, which is a much more ____2____ lesson.”可知，此处指在这所学校上学的孩子。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在克伦蒂的加尔索尔学校上学的孩子们在12月进行了这些善良的行为，并将他们的行为以文字或图片记录在一本“善良日记”中。A. conducted进行；B. spread传播；C. broadcast广播；D. recorded记录。根据下文“their acts in writing or pictures in a Kindness diary.”可知，孩子们在善举日记中记录自己所做的善举。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个项目中，老师们建议学生们为年老的邻居或感到孤独的朋友做善事，任何有助于照亮别人一天的行为。A. permitted允许；B. advised建议；C. promised承诺；D. begged恳求。根据下文“the students to do kind deeds for an elderly neighbor or a friend who is feeling ____6____,”可知，老师建议学生所做善事的对象。advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个项目中，老师们建议学生们为年老的邻居或感到孤独的朋友做善事，任何有助于让别人在一天中感到愉快的行为。A. lonely孤独的；B. guilty有罪的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文“a friend who is feeling”和常识可知，只有孤单的朋友才需要帮助。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个项目中，老师们建议学生们为年老的邻居或感到孤独的朋友做善事，任何有助于让别人在一天中感到愉快的行为。A. promise承诺；B. control控制；C. describe描述；D. brighten使明亮。根据上文“In the project, the teachers ____5____ the students to do kind deeds for an elderly neighbor or a friend who is feeling ____6____”可知，老师建议孩子们做任何事情，只要有助于让别人在一天中感到愉快。brighten one’s day让某人在一天中感到愉快。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们还被鼓励给彼此写友好的便条，这些便条在每周的会议上宣读，所有班级都聚集在一起讨论并提出一个全校范围的项目，以在假期期间帮助社区。A. meeting会议；B. concert音乐会；C. hospital医院；D. station车站。根据下文“every week and all the classes got together to discuss and ____9____ a school-wide project to help the community during the holiday season.”可知，学校每个周有一次会议。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：学生们还被鼓励给彼此写友好的便条，这些便条在每周的会议上宣读，所有班级都聚集在一起讨论并提出一个全校范围的项目，以在假期期间帮助社区。A. live up to不辜负；B. come up with想出；C. keep up with跟上；D. look up to仰望。根据下文“a school-wide project to help the community during the holiday season”可知，在会议上，学生一起提出帮助社区的项目。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们鼓励学生们思考新年的真正精神——善良和付出，”副校长说。A. pushing推动；B. forcing强迫；C. inspiring鼓舞；D. warning警告。根据下文“our pupils to think of the real”可知，学校鼓励学生思考什么是新年真正的精神。inspire sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们鼓励学生们思考新年的真正精神——善良和付出，”副校长说。A. origin起源；B. traditions传统；C. characteristics特征；D. spirit精神。根据下文“of New Year — kindness and giving”可知，善举和给予是新年真正的精神。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个世界上，没有人不会从善举中受益，而善举的乐趣当然在于它不需要任何代价。A. suffer遭受；B. benefit(使)受益；C. recover回收；D. separate分离。根据下文“from an act of kindness”及常识可知，每个人都能从善举中受益。benefit from从……获益。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这个世界上，没有人不会从善举中受益，而善举的乐趣当然在于它不需要任何代价。A. definitely当然；B. strangely奇怪地；C. gradually逐渐；D. unluckily不幸地。根据下文“the joy of kindness is that it ____14____ nothing.”可知，善举的乐趣当然在于它不需要任何代价。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个世界上，没有人不会从善举中受益，而善举的乐趣当然在于它不需要任何代价。A. produces生产；B. costs花费；C. deserves应得；D. holds持有。根据下文“nothing”及常识可知，善举的乐趣是不需要任何代价的。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位名叫安迪的学生说：“善举就是通过改变小事让人们的生活更美好，或者做一些小事让周围的人有所不同”A. richer更丰富的；B. busier更忙的；C. better更好的；D. safer更安全的。根据上文“Kindness is about making people’s lives”及常识可知，善举是让人们的生活更美好。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位名叫安迪学生说：“善举就是通过改变小事让人们的生活更美好，或者做一些小事让周围的人有所不同。”A. choice选择；B. decision决定；C. collection收集品；D. difference影响。根据上文“Kindness is about making people’s lives ____15____ by changing little things”可知，通过做一些小事让周围的人有所不同。make a difference有影响，起作用。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们给他们的祖父母和社区里的老人打了很多电话，和他们聊天，缓解他们的孤独感。A. calls电话；B. gifts礼物；C. cards卡片；D. plans计划。根据下文“to their grandparents and to seniors in the community to ____18____ with them over the phone”可知，孩子们给老人打电话。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们给他们的祖父母和社区里的老人打了很多电话，和他们聊天，缓解他们的孤独感。A. compromise妥协；B. interpret解释；C. chat聊天；D. negotiate谈判。根据下文“with them over the phone, relieving their loneliness”可知，孩子们通过电话，和老人聊天。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们学到的善良远比阅读、写作和数学重要。A. enjoyable愉快的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. formal正式的；D. important重要的。根据上文“Instead of being asked to do different kinds of homework or book reports, the children did acts of ____1____, which is a much more ____2____ lesson.”可知，孩子们的善良远比阅读、写作和数学重要。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是最小的学生也收获颇多。A. observed观察；B. shared共享；C. gained获得；D. discussed讨论。根据上文“What the children have learned about kindness is far more ____19____ than reading, writing, and math.”可知，学生们从做善事中获得很多。故选C。
第二部分：阅读理解 (共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
A
You may be familiar with the following famous people, but have you heard of their graduation speeches, in which they either share their unforgettable experiences or give you some great inspiration.
●Michael Dell, University of Texas at Austin
And now you’ve accomplished something great and important here, and it’s time for you to move on to what’s next. And you must not let anything prevent you from taking those first steps. You must also commit to the adventure. Just have faith in the skills and the knowledge you’ve been blessed with and go.
●J. K. Rowling, Harvard University
Half my lifetime ago, I was striking an uneasy balance between my ambition and the expectation from my parents who were not rich. But what I feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure. The fact that you are graduating from Harvard suggests that you know little about failure. You might be driven by a fear of failure quite as much as a desire for success.
●Steve Jobs, Stanford University
Sometimes life’s going to hit you on the head with a brick. Don’t lose faith. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work, and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking, and don’t settle.
●Bill Gates, Harvard University
We need as many people as possible to have access to the advanced technology to lead to a revolution in what human beings can do for one another. They are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches and deal with the world’s inequities (不公平) like hunger, poverty, and so on.
36. What did J. K. Rowling fear most when she was studying in university?
A. Appearance. B. Poverty. C. Hunger. D. Failure.
37. Who wants to express “Keep looking for what you believe in”?
A. Steve Jobs. B. Bill Gates. C. Michael Dell. D. J. K. Rowling.
38. What does Bill Gates suggest people doing?
A. Making contributions to the environment.
B. Taking responsibility for their own behavior.
C. Making joint efforts to solve some global problems.
D. Mastering as much advanced technology as possible.
39. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A. To introduce how some famous people overcome difficulties.
B. To give people some inspirations to live a meaningful life.
C. To show people ways of appreciating graduation speech.
D To appeal to people to pursue a better university education.
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个名人在大学毕业典礼发表的演讲节选内容。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据J.K. Rowling, Harvard University部分中“But what I feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure. (但在你们这个年纪，我最害怕的不是贫穷，而是失败)”可知，J.K. Rowling最害怕的不是贫穷而是失败。故选D。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Steve Jobs, Stanford University部分中“Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work, and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking, and don’t settle. (你的工作将占据你生活的很大一部分，真正满足的唯一方法是做你认为是伟大的工作，而做伟大工作的唯一方法就是热爱你所做的事情。如果你还没有找到，继续寻找，不要将就)”可知，Steve Jobs表达了他的想法：做伟大工作的唯一方法就是热爱你所做的事情，所以如果你还没有找到，要继续寻找。故选A。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据Bill Gates, Harvard University部分中“They are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches and deal with the world’s inequities (不公平) like hunger, poverty, and so on. (它们不仅使国家政府，也使大学、较小的组织，甚至个人能够看到问题，看到方法，处理世界上的不平等，如饥饿、贫困等)”可推知，Bill Gates建议个人也要看到世界存在的问题，并看到方法去处理解决这些问题，即个人合力解决世界上的问题。故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“You may be familiar with the following famous people, but have you heard of their graduation speeches, in which they either share their unforgettable experiences or give you some great inspiration. (你可能熟悉下面的名人，但你听说过他们的毕业演讲吗？在他们的毕业演讲中，他们要么分享了他们难忘的经历，要么给了你一些伟大的启发)”及下文内容可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是给人们一些启示，让他们过上有意义的生活。故选B。
B
Life is just like a box of chocolates and you never know what you’re going to get. Sometimes when we are in our darkest hour, something completely unexpected happens that can give us a little bit of hope and comfort.
Jessica was a healthy woman. One day, while she was working on a brilliant idea that suddenly struck her, which she thought would be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem she was working on, she suddenly lost consciousness. After she was rushed to the hospital, her heart rate slowed by nearly 50 percent. It took nine days for doctors to concentrate on what was causing her problem.
After several weeks, Jessica was still stiff (僵硬的) from head to foot, but luckily, she was able to move her lips. Staff noticed this and introduced Jessica to Consuelo Gonzalez, a professional lip reader. Consuelo can understand what people are saying by the shape their lips make. She can also understand how annoying it is not to be able to communicate because she has been completely deaf since the age of 8.
For a few hours each week, Jessica could have long conversations with Consuelo, diving into the ocean of words she dearly missed. Through Consuelo, Jessica asked the doctors and nurses questions she had long wanted answers to. She also talked to Consuelo about the vivid dreams she was mixing up with reality.
In fact, there are other ways for Consuelo to earn a living by reading lips, but she says helping patients separate horrible dreams from reality is the most rewarding way she can use her unique skill. “What is really wonderful, without doubt, is being able to use this skill to create healing and to create communication between human beings. That’s what feels best: Love.”
After four and a half months in the hospital, Jessica finally recovered. Consuelo was there, holding Jessica’s hands. Jessica eventually went back to work as a math professor. After her experience she wrote a new living will. One thing she added is that if she ever becomes incapacitated like this again, she is never to be left alone.
40. Why does the author mention a box of chocolates in the first paragraph?
A. To present an argument. B. To make a comparison.
C. To introduce a topic. D. To give an example.
41. What is the correct order of the following events?
a. Jessica was introduced to Consuelo Gonzalez.
b. Jessica went back to work and wrote a new living will.
c. Doctors spent nine days to find out what caused Jessica’s problem.
d. Jessica was able to ask the doctors questions she had long wanted answers to.
e. Jessica worked on a brilliant idea for solving the mathematical problem.
A. ecadb B. adcbe C. ecdba D. adbce
42. Which statement is correct in Jessica’s story?
A. Jessica became deaf as a result of the sudden disease after losing consciousness.
B. Consuelo must have a gift in psychology as she could separate dreams from reality.
C. Consuelo accompanied Jessica all the time in the hospital until the latter recovered.
D. Doctors focused on the cause of Jessica’s disease before Consuelo offered help.
43. How can we describe Consuelo Gonzalez?
A. Friendly and cautious. B. Brave and creative.
C. Kind and caring. D. Determined and humorous.
44. Which of the following best explains “incapacitated” underlined in the last paragraph?
A. Deadly exhausted. B. Seriously ill. C. Desperately lonely. D. Incredibly compulsory.
45. What can best summarize the message contained in the passage?
A. Love can make people no longer alone facing difficulties.
B. Creating communication between human beings is rewarding.
C. Self-acceptance is based on the love for oneself.
D. Love is key to the attainment of others’ respect.
【答案】40. C 41. A 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了有一天，身体健康的杰西卡突然生病导致只有嘴唇能够动，后来在专业唇读师康斯韦洛·冈萨雷斯的帮助下，最终得到了康复的故事。从这个故事中，我们学到了——生活就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道下一个是什么味道。有时候，当我们处于最黑暗的时刻，一些完全意想不到的事情会发生，给我们一点希望和安慰。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Life is just like a box of chocolates and you never know what you’re going to get. Sometimes when we are in our darkest hour, something completely unexpected happens that can give us a little bit of hope and comfort. (生活就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道下一个是什么味道。有时候，当我们处于最黑暗的时刻，一些完全意想不到的事情会发生，给我们一点希望和安慰)”及下文对杰西卡生病、康复的过程描述可推知，作者在第一段提到了一盒巧克力来介绍一个话题。故选C。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One day, while she was working on a brilliant idea that suddenly struck her, which she thought would be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem she was working on, she suddenly lost consciousness. (有一天，当她正在思考一个突然闪现的绝妙想法时，她认为这将是解决她正在研究的数学问题的真正突破，她突然失去了意识)”可知，e. Jessica worked on a brilliant idea for solving the mathematical problem. (杰西卡想出了一个解决这道数学题的绝妙办法)；第二段中的“It took nine days for doctors to concentrate on what was causing her problem. (医生花了九天时间才找出她的病因)”可知，c. Doctors spent nine days to find out what caused Jessica’s problem. (医生花了九天时间来找出杰西卡的病因)；第三段中的“Staff noticed this and introduced Jessica to Consuelo Gonzalez, a professional lip reader. (工作人员注意到了这一点，就把杰西卡介绍给了专业唇读师康斯韦洛·冈萨雷斯)”可知，a. Jessica was introduced to Consuelo Gonzalez. (杰西卡被介绍给康斯韦洛·冈萨雷斯)；第四段中的“Through Consuelo, Jessica asked the doctors and nurses questions she had long wanted answers to. (通过康斯韦洛，杰西卡向医生和护士询问了一些她一直想知道答案的问题)”可知，d. Jessica was able to ask the doctors questions she had long wanted answers to. (杰西卡可以问医生一些她一直想知道答案的问题了)；最后一段中的“After her experience she wrote a new living will. (经历了这些之后，她又写了一份新的生前遗嘱)”可知，b. Jessica went back to work and wrote a new living will. (杰西卡回去工作，写了一份新的生前遗嘱)。由此可知，文章中事件的正确顺序是ecadb。故选A。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Through Consuelo, Jessica asked the doctors and nurses questions she had long wanted answers to. (通过康斯韦洛，杰西卡向医生和护士询问了一些她一直想知道答案的问题)”和第五段中的“What is really wonderful, without doubt, is being able to use this skill to create healing and to create communication between human beings. (毫无疑问，真正奇妙的是能够使用这种技能来创造治疗，并在人类之间建立沟通)”及最后一段中的“After four and a half months in the hospital, Jessica finally recovered. Consuelo was there, holding Jessica’s hands. (在医院住了四个半月后，杰西卡终于康复了。康丝薇洛康斯韦洛也在那儿，握着杰西卡的手)”可知，康斯韦洛在医院里一直陪伴着杰西卡，直到她康复。故选C。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“In fact, there are other ways for Consuelo to earn a living by reading lips, but she says helping patients separate horrible dreams from reality is the most rewarding way she can use her unique skill. “What is really wonderful, without doubt, is being able to use this skill to create healing and to create communication between human beings. That’s what feels best: Love.” (事实上，康斯韦洛还有其他靠读唇为生的方法，但她说，帮助病人区分噩梦和现实是她能运用自己独特技能的最有价值的方法。“毫无疑问，真正奇妙的是能够使用这种技能来创造治疗，并在人类之间建立沟通。这就是感觉最好的东西：爱”)”及最后一段中的“After four and a half months in the hospital, Jessica finally recovered. Consuelo was there, holding Jessica’s hands. (在医院住了四个半月后，杰西卡终于康复了。康丝薇洛康斯韦洛也在那儿，握着杰西卡的手)”可知，康斯韦洛在医院里一直陪伴着杰西卡，直到她康复。由此推知，康斯韦洛·冈萨雷斯是一个既善良又有爱心的人。故选C。
【44题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“After several weeks, Jessica was still stiff (僵硬的) from head to foot, but luckily, she was able to move her lips. (几个星期后，杰西卡从头到脚仍然僵硬，但幸运的是，她的嘴唇还能活动)”及划线词下文“like this again (像这样)”可知，此处指像这样失去行动能力的严重疾病。由此可知，划线词incapacitated与seriously ill (病重)意思一致。故选B。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“What is really wonderful, without doubt, is being able to use this skill to create healing and to create communication between human beings. That’s what feels best: Love.” (毫无疑问，真正奇妙的是能够使用这种技能来创造治疗，并在人类之间建立沟通。这就是感觉最好的东西：爱)”及最后一段中的“One thing she added is that if she ever becomes incapacitated like this again, she is never to be left alone. (她补充说，如果她再次像这样失去行动能力，她永远不会被单独留下)”可知，文章讲述了杰西卡在既善良又有爱心的康斯韦洛·冈萨雷斯的帮助下，克服困难，最终得到了康复。由此可知，A. Love can make people no longer alone facing difficulties. (爱可以使人不再孤独地面对困难)能最好地概括文章中的信息。故选A。
C
We are encountering real-world examples of how AI can harm human relations. As digital assistants such as Alexa or Siri become popular, we become accustomed to talking to them as though they were alive. Writing in these pages several years ago, Judith Shulevitz described how some of us are starting to treat them as friends and therapists. Shulevitz herself says she confesses (忏悔) things to Google Assistant that she wouldn’t tell her husband. If we grow more comfortable talking to our devices about our secrets, what happens to our human marriages and friendships? Designers and programmers typically create devices whose responses make us feel better — but may not help us be self-reflective or think over painful truths. As AI goes deeper into our lives, we must face the possibility that it will prevent our emotions and deep human connects.
Besides, we will fight with some other challenges. The age of driverless cars, after all, is upon us. These vehicles promise to considerably reduce the exhaustion and distraction that put human drivers in danger, thus preventing accidents. But what other effects might they have on people? Driving is a very modern kind of social interaction, requiring high levels of cooperation. I worry that driverless cars, by taking away from us an occasion to exercise this ability, could contribute to its decline.
Not only will these vehicles be programmed to take over driving duties and hence to remove from humans the power to make moral judgments (for example, about which pedestrian to hit when a crash is unavoidable), they will also affect humans with whom they’ve had no direct contact. For instance, drivers who have steered awhile alongside an autonomous vehicle traveling at a steady, changeless speed might drive less attentively, thus increasing their likelihood of accidents once they’ve moved to a part of the highway occupied only by human drivers. Alternatively, experience may reveal that driving alongside autonomous vehicles travelling in perfect accordance with (按照) traffic laws actually improves human performance.
Either way we should be careful to launch new forms of AI without first taking such unexpected social effects into account. We must apply the same effort that we apply to the hardware and software that make self-driving cars possible to managing AI’s potential effects on those outside the car. After all, we install brake lights on the back of your car not just, or even primarily, for your benefit, but for the sake of the people behind you.
46. What can be inferred about human relationships from the first paragraph?
A. AI will lead to distant inter-personal relationships.
B. We will feel comfortable speaking to others online.
C. AI will enable people to communicate more with others.
D. We will be more self-reflective in interaction thanks to AI.
47. In Paragraph 2, the phrase “its decline” refers to the decline in ________.
A. drivers’ interaction with the cars
B. drivers’ exhaustion and distraction
C. our ability to cooperate with others while driving
D. our ability to deal with emergencies while driving
48. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true of driverless cars?
A. They may be better at making more judgments than human drivers.
B. They need to vary their speed to make contact with human drivers.
C. They may make human drivers in other cars drive more safely.
D. They need to force human drivers to concentrate in the car.
49. Which of the following is the writer most likely to agree with?
A. Brake lights on the back of our car are installed mainly to warn us of danger.
B. We should figure out how new technology affects people before developing it.
C. We can launch new forms of AI without thinking of unexpected social effects.
D. More efforts should be made to advance the hardware and software of driverless cars.
50. What’s the author’s purpose of writing this passage?
A. To present the challenges brought by AI.
B. To explain the reason why AI may harm human relations.
C. To put forward how to solve the unexpected effect of AI.
D. To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of driverless cars.
【答案】46. A 47. C 48. C 49. D 50. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过日常生活中Alexa和Siri的例子，提出自己的论点——人工智能会阻止人们之间更深层次的交流。接着开始提出自己对于无人驾驶汽车的看法和担忧，并提出需要进一步提升无人驾驶汽车的软件和硬件，让它们更好、更安全地服务于人们。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“As AI goes deeper into our lives, we must face the possibility that it will prevent our emotions and deep human connects. (随着人工智能深入我们的生活，我们必须面对这样一种可能性，即它将阻止我们的情感和深层次的人际联系)”可推知，作者认为人工智能会导致人与人之间的联系变得越来越肤浅、浅显。故选A。
【47题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“But what other effects might they have on people? Driving is a very modern kind of social interaction, requiring high levels of cooperation.(但它们还会对人类产生什么影响呢？开车是一种非常现代的社会互动，需要高度的合作)”及划线词所在句“I worry that driverless cars, by taking away from us an occasion to exercise this ability, could contribute to its decline.(我担心，无人驾驶汽车夺走了我们锻炼这种能力的机会，可能会导致这种它的衰落)”可知，“its decline”指的是前文“this ability”的衰弱和下降，而“this ability”指代上文中的“high levels of cooperation”，即开车时的合作能力。故选C。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For instance, drivers who have steered awhile alongside an autonomous vehicle traveling at a steady, changeless speed might drive less attentively, thus increasing their likelihood of accidents once they’ve moved to a part of the highway occupied only by human drivers. Alternatively, experience may reveal that driving alongside autonomous vehicles travelling in perfect accordance with (按照) traffic laws actually improves human performance.(例如，在一辆以稳定不变速度行驶的自动驾驶汽车旁边驾驶了一段时间的司机可能会不太注意驾驶，因此，一旦他们行驶到只有人类司机占据的高速公路路段，发生事故的可能性就会增加。经验表明，与完全遵守交通法规行驶的自动驾驶汽车并排行驶实际上会提高人的表现)”可知，无人驾驶汽车能降低其他车辆中的司机出现交通事故的概率，也就是说它们能使人类驾驶员在其他车辆中更安全。故选C。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We must apply the same effort that we apply to the hardware and software that make self-driving cars possible to managing AI’s potential effects on those outside the car. After all, we install brake lights on the back of your car not just, or even primarily, for your benefit, but for the sake of the people behind you.(我们必须付出使自动驾驶汽车成为可能的硬件和软件所付出的同样努力，来管理人工智能对车外人员的潜在影响。毕竟，我们在你的车后面安装刹车灯不仅仅是，甚至主要是为了你的利益，而是为了你后面的人)”可推知，作者认为对于自动驾驶汽车，我们应该努力提高它的硬件和软件，让它更加安全。故选D。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“We are encountering real-world examples of how AI can harm human relations.(我们正在遇到人工智能如何损害人际关系的现实例子)”和第二段中的“Besides, we will fight with some other challenges. The age of driverless cars, after all, is upon us.(此外，我们将与其他一些挑战作斗争。毕竟，无人驾驶汽车的时代已经来临)”及第三段中的“Not only will these vehicles be programmed to take over driving duties and hence to remove from humans the power to make moral judgments (for example, about which pedestrian to hit when a crash is unavoidable), they will also affect humans with whom they’ve had no direct contact.(这些车辆不仅会被编程为接管驾驶职责，从而剥夺人类做出道德判断的权力(例如，当碰撞不可避免时，该撞哪位行人)，它们还会影响到与它们没有直接接触的人类)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是展示人工智能带来的挑战。故选A。
D
Psychological science is full of interesting topics, many of which tell a coherent (连贯的) picture of human nature, but some of which create seemingly contradictory stories. A case in point is the tricky, and misunderstood, overlap (重叠部分) between strength-based science and the research on narcissism (自恋).
There is now convincing evidence to show that narcissism is on the rise, especially in our youth. Some researchers say that about 25% of young people show symptoms of narcissism. The inflated ego of Generation Me is reflected in reality TV, celebrity worship, and out-of-control consumerism.
We are correct to be concerned about this phenomenon, but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful counter-reaction to approaches that seek to make our children and teens feel good about themselves.
In my own research on strength-based parenting, it is common for people to wrongly think this approach to be the cause of narcissism. Their argument seems to be that a child who knows his strengths will automatically view himself as better than everyone else. It is argued that the self-assurance that comes with identifying and using their positive qualities will make a child selfish and uncaring. Genuine confidence about one’s strengths is categorized as over-confidence; desirable self-knowledge is branded as excessive (过分的) self-admiration.
Why does this occur? It’s partly because more is known about narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychology has largely stayed within the limit of academic journals, research on narcissism has made its way into the mass media and our daily life. A famous magazine noted that narcissism is a favored topic and that people everywhere are diagnosing others with it.
The fear that a strength-based approach will cause narcissism also occurs because of our binary (非此即彼) thinking. We mistakenly believe that one cannot be both confident and humble. We focus on Donald Trump and Kim Kardashian rather than Mahatma Gandhi and Mother Teresa. Without confidence in their strengths, Gandhi and Mother Teresa couldn’t have achieved so much, and yet modesty and selflessness are their qualities.
When we assume that strength-focus is the same as a self-focus, we fail to make the idea clear that people who know their strengths are, actually, more likely to be pro-social and ready to help others.
It’s easy to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with, who are caring, thoughtful and humble — even when they use their strengths.
51. Which of the following opinions may the writer agree with?
A. Strength-based parenting leads to narcissism.
B. It’s unhelpful for us to make our children feel good about themselves.
C. To say all kids are potential narcissists is overstating the case.
D. Children who know their strengths tend to be more selfish and uncaring.
52. Why are teenagers’ strengths often considered as narcissism according to Paragraph 5?
A. Academic journals report more on narcissism.
B. There is a lack of narcissism in our common sense.
C. Many people are diagnosed with narcissism by doctors.
D. The general public has less access to strengths psychology.
53. Why does the author mention Gandi and Mother Teresa?
A. Because they are as famous as Donald Trump.
B. Because they are both confident and modest.
C. Because confidence is quite important for celebrities.
D. Because a strength-based approach will cause narcissism.
54. What’s the author’s attitude towards young kids’ strength-based approaches?
A. Favorable. B. Neutral. C. Disapproving. D. Doubtful.
55. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Teens’ Psychology Research B. Teens’ Narcissism Diagnosis
C. Teens’ Strength-based Approach D. Teens’ Confidence Misunderstood
【答案】51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。一直以来，人们对个人优势和自恋两者之间认识不足，导致了对青少年的自信产生误解。作者解释了对青少年的自信被误解为自恋的这一现象，及其产生原因，并认为：以突出孩子们优势为基础的教养方式是有益的。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“We are correct to be concerned about this phenomenon, but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful counter-reaction to approaches that seek to make our children and teens feel good about themselves. (我们对这种现象的担忧是正确的，但是我们担心所有的孩子都是潜在的自恋者，这对那些试图让孩子和青少年自我感觉良好的方法造成了无益的反作用力)”以及最后一段“It’s easy to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with, who are caring, thoughtful and humble — even when they use their strengths.(很容易得出这样的结论：每个年轻人都有成为自恋狂的风险，但我想为与我共事过的成千上万个关心他人、体贴他人、谦逊的孩子们说话——即使他们在发挥自己的优势时也是如此)”可推知，作者认为不是所有孩子都是潜在的自恋者，这样的说法过于夸大事实。故选C。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Why does this occur? It’s partly because more is known about narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychology has largely stayed within the limit of academic journals, research on narcissism has made its way into the mass media and our daily life. (为什么会出现这种情况？这在一定程度上是因为人们对自恋的了解多于对优势的了解。虽然关于优势的心理学在很大程度上还停留在学术期刊的范围内，但对自恋的研究已经进入了大众媒体和我们的日常生活)”可知，青少年因优势产生的自信常常被误认为是自恋，是因为大众对自恋很熟悉，而对关于优势的心理学接触较少、相对陌生。故选D。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的 “We mistakenly believe that one cannot be both confident and humble. We focus on Donald Trump and Kim Kardashian rather than Mahatma Gandhi and Mother Teresa. Without confidence in their strengths, Gandhi and Mother Teresa couldn’t have achieved so much, and yet modesty and selflessness are their qualities.(我们错误地认为一个人不可能既自信又谦虚。我们关注的是唐纳德·特朗普和金·卡戴珊，而不是圣雄甘地和特蕾莎修女。如果对自己的力量没有信心，甘地和特蕾莎修女不可能取得这么大的成就，然而谦虚和无私是他们的品质)”可知，这一段，作者认为人们的看法——一个人不可能既自信又谦虚——是错误的。由此推知，作者以甘地和特蕾莎为例，来证明自己的观点，即一个人既自信又谦虚是可能的。故选B。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s easy to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with, who are caring, thoughtful and humble — even when they use their strengths.(很容易得出结论，每个年轻人都有成为自恋者的风险，但我想为我接触过的成千上万的年轻人挺身而出，他们关心他人、体贴他人、谦逊——即使他们在发挥自己的优势时也是如此)”可推知，作者对幼儿自信建立法是支持的态度。故选A。
【55题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Psychological science is full of interesting topics, many of which tell a coherent (连贯的) picture of human nature, but some of which create seemingly contradictory stories. A case in point is the tricky, and misunderstood, overlap (重叠部分) between strength-based science and the research on narcissism (自恋).(心理科学充满了有趣的话题，其中许多都描绘了人性的连贯画面，但有些却创造了看似矛盾的东西。一个恰当的例子就是，基于能力的科学和关于自恋的研究之间存在微妙和被误解的重叠)”可知，这篇文章主要讲的是人们对青少年的自信产生了误解。故选D。
第II卷
注意事项：1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2.本卷共6题，共35分。
第三部分：写作
第一节：(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，按照要求用英语回答问题。
Walking home from school one day, I saw Dan, a kid from my school, on the other side of the road. I said to myself, “He must be a real nerd,” as he was carrying a lot of books. When I continued walking, I saw a group of kids run into Dan, knocking his books out of his arms and pushing him so he fell over. I ran over to help him, and as we were picking up his books, I saw tears in his eyes.
While I helped him stand up, I said, “Those kids are stupid.” He looked at me and said, “Thanks.” There was a grateful smile on his face.
We started talking and soon realized that we lived near each other. We talked all the way home. Dan turned out to be a pretty cool kid. We hung out all weekend and the more I got to know Dan, the more I liked him. Dan and I became best friends.
Over the years in high school, he became more popular. In our senior year, Dan got the best grades in our class, and had to give a speech for graduation.
As Dan started his speech, he looked at me. “Graduation is a time to thank the people who helped you survive those tough years — your parents, your teachers, but mostly your friends. Being a friend is the best gift you can give. I’m going to tell you a story.” I just looked at Dan in amazement as he told the story of the first day we met. He had planned to drop out of school and run away from home that weekend. Dan talked of how he had emptied his locker so his mom wouldn’t have to do it later and was carrying all of his books home. He looked hard at me and gave me a little smile. “Thankfully, I was saved. My friend saved me from making a huge mistake.” Everyone looked at Dan in shock as he told us about his weakest moment.
56. Where did the author first meet Dan?(no more than 10 words)
________________
57. How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 1?(no more than 10 words)
________________
58. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?(no more than 8 words)
________________
59. Why did everyone look at Dan in shock at the end of the story?(no more than 15 words)
________________
60. Who do you want to thank most upon your graduation? Please explain.(no more than 25 words)
________________
【答案】56. On his way home from school.
57. He must be a very boring person.
58. How the author and Dan became best friends.
59. Because Dan told everyone his weakest moment.
60. I want to thank my English teacher most for his encouragement and support. Without him, I wouldn't catch up with my classmates.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在放学路上遇到了丹，两人很快成为了朋友。直到毕业时，丹告诉作者他们相遇那天，他本打算退学的。
【56题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“Walking home from school one day, I saw Dan, a kid from my school, on the other side of the road.(一天放学回家，我在路的另一边看到了丹，我们学校的一个孩子)”可知，在放学回家的路上作者第一次遇到丹。故答案为On his way home from school.
【57题详解】
考查句意理解。根据画线词后文“as he was carrying a lot of books”可知，丹带了很多书回家，所以作者觉得他一定是一个很无聊的人。画线词部分意思是“他一定是一个很无聊的人”。故答案为He must be a very boring person.
【58题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第三段“We started talking and soon realized that we lived near each other. We talked all the way home. Dan turned out to be a pretty cool kid. We hung out all weekend and the more I got to know Dan, the more I liked him. Dan and I became best friends.(我们开始交谈，很快就意识到我们住得很近。回家的路上我们一直在聊天。丹原来是个很酷的孩子。我们整个周末都在一起玩，我对丹了解得越多，就越喜欢他。丹和我成了最好的朋友)”可知，第三段主旨为作者和丹如何成为最好的朋友。故答案为How the author and Dan became best friends.
【59题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“I just looked at Dan in amazement as he told the story of the first day we met. He had planned to drop out of school and run away from home that weekend. Dan talked of how he had emptied his locker so his mom wouldn’t have to do it later and was carrying all of his books home. He looked hard at me and gave me a little smile. “Thankfully, I was saved. My friend saved me from making a huge mistake.” Everyone looked at Dan in shock as he told us about his weakest moment.(当丹讲述我们第一天相遇的故事时，我惊讶地看着他。他原计划那个周末从学校退学，离家出走。丹说他清空了自己的储物柜，这样妈妈就不用再收拾了，他还把所有的书都带回家了。他盯着我，对我微微一笑。“谢天谢地，我得救了。我的朋友把我从一个巨大的错误中拯救了出来。”当丹告诉我们他最脆弱的时刻时，每个人都震惊地看着他)”可知，在故事的结尾，每个人都震惊地看着丹是因为丹告诉每个人他最脆弱的时刻。故答案为Because Dan told everyone his weakest moment.
【60题详解】
考查开放题，题干：毕业时你最想感谢谁？请解释一下。可回答：我最要感谢我的英语老师给我的鼓励和支持。没有他，我就赶不上我的同学了。故答案为I want to thank my English teacher most for his encouragement and support. Without him, I wouldn't catch up with my classmates.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
61. 假设你是学生会主席李津，英国校长代表团将于5月18日世界博物馆日到你校访问，并参加你校与天津博物馆合作组织的为期一周的“让文物走进生活”活动，请你根据内容要点用英语写一篇此次活动开幕词。
(1)表示欢迎；
(2)活动目的；
(3)活动内容（不少于2项）；
(4)对客人的祝愿。
注意：
(1)词数不少于100；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：Bringing Cultural Relics into Life event“让文物走进生活”活动 handicraft手工艺品
Dear guests, teachers and fellow students,
I’m Li Jin, chairman of the Student Union.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear guests, teachers and fellow students,
I’m Li Jin, chairman of the Student Union. It’s my great honour to express our warm welcome to you on behalf of our school. We are excited to have you here during our one-week “Bringing Cultural Relics into Life event” organized by our school and Tianjin Museum.
The purpose of this activity is to bring cultural relics to life and to enter students’ life, so that they can become the spiritual nourishment of our real life. The museum also has an interactive area for visitors, recreating the scenes of 20th century designers’ studios. We can experience it as much as we like. We also attend public lectures and participate in handicrafts activities. Dear guests, you are welcome to take part in it. I hope we will benefit a lot from your presence.
We hope you’ll have a pleasant time during your stay here.
Thank you.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假设你是学生会主席李津，英国校长代表团将于5月18日世界博物馆日到你校访问，并参加你校与天津博物馆合作组织的为期一周的“让文物走进生活”活动，请你根据内容要点用英语写一篇此次活动开幕词。
【详解】1.词汇积累
代表：on behalf of→represent
组织：organize→hold
参加：participate in→go in for
愉快的：pleasant= jolly
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We are excited to have you here during our one-week “Bringing Cultural Relics into Life event” organized by our school and Tianjin Museum.
拓展句：We are excited to have you here during our one-week “Bringing Cultural Relics into Life event” , which is organized by our school and Tianjin Museum.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The purpose of this activity is to bring cultural relics to life and to enter students’ life, so that they can become the spiritual nourishment of our real life. (运用了so that引导的目的状语从句)
[高分句型2] We are excited to have you here during our one-week “Bringing Cultural Relics into Life event” organized by our school and Tianjin Museum. (运用了过去分词作定语)
2022—2023学年度第二学期高三年级质量监测(二)
高三年级 英语学科 笔试试卷
本试卷分第I卷(选择题)、第II卷(非选择题)两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至12页，第II卷13至16页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利!
第I卷
注意事项：
1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
2.本卷共55小题，共95分。
第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例：Stand over there ________ you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1. —So you missed the football match held yesterday.
—_____________. I got there 15 minutes before the end of it.
A. Not likely B. Not a little C. Not at all D. Not exactly
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】空处短语辨析。句意：——所以你错过了昨天举办的足球赛。——不完全是。我在它结束前十五分钟赶到了那里。A. Not likely不大可能；B. Not a little许多；C. Not at all 一点也不；D. Not exactly不完全是，此处应表示没有完全错过昨天那场比赛，故选D。
2. Most of the top leaders expressed a common desire at the UN conference, that different cultures should coexist with tolerance.
A. the one B. the ones C. ones D. one
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：大多数最高领导人在联合国会议上表达了一个共同愿望，即不同的文化应相容并存。A. the one用于指代一个确定的名词，相当于 the+单数名词；B. the ones用于指代特定的一些，相当于 those；C. ones代替一些不特别指定的名词，相当于一个不带冠词的复数名词；D. one所代替的名词，是一个不特指的名词，相当于a\an+名词。句中代指a desire，是同位语，所以用不定代词one代指。故选D。
3. How to protect children from unsuitable material on some websites while encouraging them to use the Internet __________ in many areas of the world.
A. have long been discussed B. has long been discussed
C. were long been discussed D. was long been discussed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：如何在鼓励儿童使用互联网的同时，保护他们不受某些网站上不良内容的影响，这在世界许多地区早就被讨论过了。A.have long been discussed现在完成时的被动；B.has long been discussed现在完成时的被动。C项和D项形式错误。分析句子，主语是不定式短语“how+to do”，所以谓语动词用单数；根据句意，本句用现在时，且表示“已经被讨论”，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B。
4. A ________identification card is required when you purchase foreign money from Bank of China.
A. beneficial B. effective C. valid D. flexible
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你向中国银行购买外币时，会被要求出示有效期内的身份证。A. beneficial有益的，有利的；B. effective有效的，起作用的；C. valid有效的，合法的；D. flexible灵活的。结合句意可直接排除A、D选项，其也无法与“身份证”搭配而修饰这一名词。题目重点在于B、C的辨析，effective是指某物、某事有实际效果，能起作用的“有效”，而valid是指有效期内的，正当合法的“有效”，在本句语境中valid恰当。故选C。
5. We have much to look forward to in the future, thanks to advances in technology. I’m sure that AI doctors are________.
A. in the way B. on the spot C. in the end D. on the horizon
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析 句意：由于技术的进步，我们对未来有很多期待。我相信人工智能医生即将到来。A. in the way碍事；B. on the spot当场；C. in the end最后；D. on the horizon即将发生。由语意可知，此处表示由于技术的进步，人工智能医生即将到来，符合句意。故选D项。
6. ________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
A. Enjoying B. Enjoyed C. To enjoy D. Having enjoyed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老人开始使用智能手机。A. Enjoying享受；B. Enjoyed享受；C. To enjoy为了享受；D. Having enjoyed享受过。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语started，空处应为非谓语动词，结合句意可知表示目的，应用不定式，故选C项。
7. Such a simple experiment can effectively ________ people’s doubts about the new technology, so they are willing to embrace the innovation.
A. bring forth B. go over C. put away D. wipe out
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这样一个简单的实验可以有效地消除人们对新技术的疑虑，让他们愿意接受创新。A. bring forth 产生，发表；B. go over复习；C. put away放好，抛弃；D. wipe out消灭，彻底摧毁。根据“so they are willing to embrace the innovation”可知，这个试验消除人们的疑虑了。故选D项。
8. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of how he can react more _________on such occasions.
A. apparently B. appropriately
C. approximately D. approvingly
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：作为一名新外交官，他经常想在这种场合下如何更恰当地作出反应。apparently显然地，表面上；appropriately适当地，恰当地；approximately近似地，大约; 许；approvingly赞成地，认可地。分析选项可知B符合题意。
9. As companies are trying hard to attract and keep young people for their technical skills and enthusiasm for change, office culture is becoming an ________ of youth culture.
A. expansion B. extension C. expression D. exhibition
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于各公司都在努力吸引和留住具有技术能力和变革热情的年轻人，办公室文化正在成为青年文化的延伸。A. expansion扩大；B. extension延伸；C. expression表达；D. exhibition展览。根据空后“of youth culture”及常识可知，此处指办公室文化正在成为青年文化的延伸。故选B。
10. ________ with two job offers, we may wonder exactly what it is we’ re choosing between.
A. Having presented B. To be presented C. Presenting D. Presented
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对两份工作机会，我们可能会想知道到底是什么让我们在两者之间做出选择（如何选择要看自己真正看重的是什么）。句中已有谓语动词wonder，所以此处为非谓语作状语，present与主语we之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动和完成，作状语。故选D。
11. Last winter, part of Britain was struck by snowstorms, from ________ effects most passengers in Heathrow were suffering a lot, especially those with children.
A. which B. what C. whose D. that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：去年冬天，英国部分地区遭受了暴风雪的袭击，希思罗机场的大多数乘客都受到了暴风雪的影响，尤其是那些有孩子的乘客。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是snowstorms，关系词替代先行词在从句中作effects的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故选C。
12. The department manager promised ______ told her who stole the necklace would be rewarded. To her surprise, ______ she said, there was no response.
A. whoever; whichever
B. whoever; no matter what
C. no matter who; whatever
D. no matter who; no matter what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查no matter＋特殊疑问词和特殊疑问词＋ever的辨析和使用。句意：这位部门经理承诺不管谁告诉他谁偷走那条项链，都会得到奖赏。让他惊异的是，不管她说了什么，都没有回复。no matter＋特殊疑问词一般引导让步状语从句，表示“无论…”。而特殊疑问词＋ever既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句，同样表示“无论…”。句中promised之后是一个宾语从句，属于名词性从句，因此只能用特殊疑问词＋ever，而后面则是一个让步状语从句，使用no matter＋特殊疑问词。故选B。
13. —I have been considering cancelling the project because it seems hard to go farther.
—But it’s too early to________ now. There’s still much hope.
A. have second thoughts B. throw in the towel
C. test the waters D. make ends meet
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查习语。句意：——我一直在考虑取消这个项目，因为似乎很难再继续下去了。——但现在认输还为时过早。还有很多希望。A. have second thoughts三思；B. throw in the towel认输；C. test the waters试水；D. make ends meet收支相抵。根据“There’s still much hope.”可知，现在就认输（放弃）为时过早。故选B。
14. We will ________ restoration and reconstruction of the area after the disaster, including transportation, communications and water supply.
A. accommodate B. accumulate C. accelerate D. accustom
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们将加快灾后恢复重建，包括交通、通信和供水。A. accommodate为……提供住宿；B. accumulate积累；C. accelerate加快；D. accustom使习惯于。由“restoration and reconstruction of the area after the disaster”可知，句子表示“我们将加快灾后恢复重建”，空格处意为“加快”，故选C。
15. ________ he became seriously ill in 1998, the famous writer had been carrying out comparative studies of classical Chinese texts.
A. Since B. When C. Although D. Until
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：这位著名作家一直对中国古典文本进行比较研究，直到1998年他的病变得严重为止。A. Since 自从； B. When 当……的时候； C. Although 尽管； D. Until直到。根据语境可知，直到1998年他病重时才停止研究。故选D。
第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，将短文内容补充完整。
An elementary school in Scotland gave its students a special present. Instead of being asked to do different kinds of homework or book reports, the children did acts of ____16____, which is a much more ____17____ lesson.
The children ____18____ Galsoil School in Clonty performed these kind acts in December and ____19____ their acts in writing or pictures in a Kindness diary.
In the project, the teachers ____20____ the students to do kind deeds for an elderly neighbor or a friend who is feeling ____21____, any act that helped to ____22____ someone’s day.
The students were also encouraged to write kind notes to each other that were read at a ____23____ every week and all the classes got together to discuss and ____24____ a school-wide project to help the community during the holiday season.
“We are _____25_____ our pupils to think of the real _____26_____ of New Year — kindness and giving,” vice principal said. “There is nobody in this world who wouldn’t _____27_____ from an act of kindness, and _____28_____ the joy of kindness is that it _____29_____ nothing.
A student Andy said, “Kindness is about making people’s lives _____30_____ by changing little things, or doing little nice things to make a _____31_____ to people around.”
The children made a lot of _____32_____ to their grandparents and to seniors in the community to _____33_____ with them over the phone, relieving their loneliness. What the children have learned about kindness is far more _____34_____ than reading, writing, and math. Even the youngest students have _____35_____ much.
16. A. appreciation B. reading C. kindness D. drawing
17. A. demanding B. valuable C. reliable D. previous
18. A. attending B. leaving C. visiting D. interviewing
19. A. conducted B. spread C. broadcast D. recorded
20. A. permitted B. advised C. promised D. begged
21. A. lonely B. guilty C. enthusiastic D. awkward
22. A. promise B. control C. describe D. brighten
23. A. meeting B. concert C. hospital D. station
24. A. live up to B. come up with C. keep up with D. look up to
25. A. pushing B. forcing C. inspiring D. warning
26. A. origin B. traditions C. characteristics D. spirit
27. A. suffer B. benefit C. recover D. separate
28. A. definitely B. strangely C. gradually D. unluckily
29. A. produces B. costs C. deserves D. holds
30. A. richer B. busier C. better D. safer
31. A. choice B. decision C. collection D. difference
32. A. calls B. gifts C. cards D. plans
33. A. compromise B. interpret C. chat D. negotiate
34. A. enjoyable B. popular C. formal D. important
35. A. observed B. shared C. gained D. discussed
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一所学校用做善事代替做家庭作业，让学生了解善良与给予的重要性。
【16题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们没有被要求做各种各样家庭作业或读书报告，而是做了一些善良的行为，这是更有价值的一课。A. appreciation赞赏；B. reading阅读；C. kindness善良；D. drawing绘画。根据下文“The children ____3____ Galsoil School in Clonty performed these kind acts in December and ____4____ their acts in writing or pictures in a Kindness diary.”可知，学校要求孩子们做一些善事。故选C。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们没有被要求做各种各样的家庭作业或读书报告，而是做了一些善良的行为，这是更有价值的一课。A. demanding要求苛刻的；B. valuable有价值的；C. reliable可靠的；D. previous以前的。根据下文“What the children have learned about kindness is far more ____19____ than reading, writing, and math.”可知，让孩子们作善事更有价值。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在克伦蒂的加尔索尔学校上学的孩子们在12月进行了这些善良的行为，并将他们的行为以文字或图片记录在一本“善良日记”中。A. attending定期去（学校、教堂等）；B. leaving离开；C. visiting访问；D. interviewing面试。根据上文“An elementary school in Scotland gave its students a special present. Instead of being asked to do different kinds of homework or book reports, the children did acts of ____1____, which is a much more ____2____ lesson.”可知，此处指在这所学校上学的孩子。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在克伦蒂的加尔索尔学校上学的孩子们在12月进行了这些善良的行为，并将他们的行为以文字或图片记录在一本“善良日记”中。A. conducted进行；B. spread传播；C. broadcast广播；D. recorded记录。根据下文“their acts in writing or pictures in a Kindness diary.”可知，孩子们在善举日记中记录自己所做的善举。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个项目中，老师们建议学生们为年老的邻居或感到孤独的朋友做善事，任何有助于照亮别人一天的行为。A. permitted允许；B. advised建议；C. promised承诺；D. begged恳求。根据下文“the students to do kind deeds for an elderly neighbor or a friend who is feeling ____6____,”可知，老师建议学生所做善事的对象。advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个项目中，老师们建议学生们为年老的邻居或感到孤独的朋友做善事，任何有助于让别人在一天中感到愉快的行为。A. lonely孤独的；B. guilty有罪的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文“a friend who is feeling”和常识可知，只有孤单的朋友才需要帮助。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个项目中，老师们建议学生们为年老的邻居或感到孤独的朋友做善事，任何有助于让别人在一天中感到愉快的行为。A. promise承诺；B. control控制；C. describe描述；D. brighten使明亮。根据上文“In the project, the teachers ____5____ the students to do kind deeds for an elderly neighbor or a friend who is feeling ____6____”可知，老师建议孩子们做任何事情，只要有助于让别人在一天中感到愉快。brighten one’s day让某人在一天中感到愉快。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们还被鼓励给彼此写友好的便条，这些便条在每周的会议上宣读，所有班级都聚集在一起讨论并提出一个全校范围的项目，以在假期期间帮助社区。A. meeting会议；B. concert音乐会；C. hospital医院；D. station车站。根据下文“every week and all the classes got together to discuss and ____9____ a school-wide project to help the community during the holiday season.”可知，学校每个周有一次会议。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：学生们还被鼓励给彼此写友好的便条，这些便条在每周的会议上宣读，所有班级都聚集在一起讨论并提出一个全校范围的项目，以在假期期间帮助社区。A. live up to不辜负；B. come up with想出；C. keep up with跟上；D. look up to仰望。根据下文“a school-wide project to help the community during the holiday season”可知，在会议上，学生一起提出帮助社区的项目。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们鼓励学生们思考新年的真正精神——善良和付出，”副校长说。A. pushing推动；B. forcing强迫；C. inspiring鼓舞；D. warning警告。根据下文“our pupils to think of the real”可知，学校鼓励学生思考什么是新年真正的精神。inspire sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们鼓励学生们思考新年的真正精神——善良和付出，”副校长说。A. origin起源；B. traditions传统；C. characteristics特征；D. spirit精神。根据下文“of New Year — kindness and giving”可知，善举和给予是新年真正的精神。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个世界上，没有人不会从善举中受益，而善举的乐趣当然在于它不需要任何代价。A. suffer遭受；B. benefit(使)受益；C. recover回收；D. separate分离。根据下文“from an act of kindness”及常识可知，每个人都能从善举中受益。benefit from从……获益。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这个世界上，没有人不会从善举中受益，而善举的乐趣当然在于它不需要任何代价。A. definitely当然；B. strangely奇怪地；C. gradually逐渐；D. unluckily不幸地。根据下文“the joy of kindness is that it ____14____ nothing.”可知，善举的乐趣当然在于它不需要任何代价。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个世界上，没有人不会从善举中受益，而善举的乐趣当然在于它不需要任何代价。A. produces生产；B. costs花费；C. deserves应得；D. holds持有。根据下文“nothing”及常识可知，善举的乐趣是不需要任何代价的。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位名叫安迪的学生说：“善举就是通过改变小事让人们的生活更美好，或者做一些小事让周围的人有所不同”A. richer更丰富的；B. busier更忙的；C. better更好的；D. safer更安全的。根据上文“Kindness is about making people’s lives”及常识可知，善举是让人们的生活更美好。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位名叫安迪学生说：“善举就是通过改变小事让人们的生活更美好，或者做一些小事让周围的人有所不同。”A. choice选择；B. decision决定；C. collection收集品；D. difference影响。根据上文“Kindness is about making people’s lives ____15____ by changing little things”可知，通过做一些小事让周围的人有所不同。make a difference有影响，起作用。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们给他们的祖父母和社区里的老人打了很多电话，和他们聊天，缓解他们的孤独感。A. calls电话；B. gifts礼物；C. cards卡片；D. plans计划。根据下文“to their grandparents and to seniors in the community to ____18____ with them over the phone”可知，孩子们给老人打电话。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们给他们的祖父母和社区里的老人打了很多电话，和他们聊天，缓解他们的孤独感。A. compromise妥协；B. interpret解释；C. chat聊天；D. negotiate谈判。根据下文“with them over the phone, relieving their loneliness”可知，孩子们通过电话，和老人聊天。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们学到的善良远比阅读、写作和数学重要。A. enjoyable愉快的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. formal正式的；D. important重要的。根据上文“Instead of being asked to do different kinds of homework or book reports, the children did acts of ____1____, which is a much more ____2____ lesson.”可知，孩子们的善良远比阅读、写作和数学重要。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是最小的学生也收获颇多。A. observed观察；B. shared共享；C. gained获得；D. discussed讨论。根据上文“What the children have learned about kindness is far more ____19____ than reading, writing, and math.”可知，学生们从做善事中获得很多。故选C。
第二部分：阅读理解 (共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。
A
You may be familiar with the following famous people, but have you heard of their graduation speeches, in which they either share their unforgettable experiences or give you some great inspiration.
●Michael Dell, University of Texas at Austin
And now you’ve accomplished something great and important here, and it’s time for you to move on to what’s next. And you must not let anything prevent you from taking those first steps. You must also commit to the adventure. Just have faith in the skills and the knowledge you’ve been blessed with and go.
●J. K. Rowling, Harvard University
Half my lifetime ago, I was striking an uneasy balance between my ambition and the expectation from my parents who were not rich. But what I feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure. The fact that you are graduating from Harvard suggests that you know little about failure. You might be driven by a fear of failure quite as much as a desire for success.
●Steve Jobs, Stanford University
Sometimes life’s going to hit you on the head with a brick. Don’t lose faith. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work, and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking, and don’t settle.
●Bill Gates, Harvard University
We need as many people as possible to have access to the advanced technology to lead to a revolution in what human beings can do for one another. They are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches and deal with the world’s inequities (不公平) like hunger, poverty, and so on.
36. What did J. K. Rowling fear most when she was studying in university?
A. Appearance. B. Poverty. C. Hunger. D. Failure.
37. Who wants to express “Keep looking for what you believe in”?
A. Steve Jobs. B. Bill Gates. C. Michael Dell. D. J. K. Rowling.
38. What does Bill Gates suggest people doing?
A. Making contributions to the environment.
B. Taking responsibility for their own behavior.
C. Making joint efforts to solve some global problems.
D. Mastering as much advanced technology as possible.
39. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A. To introduce how some famous people overcome difficulties.
B. To give people some inspirations to live a meaningful life.
C. To show people ways of appreciating graduation speech.
D To appeal to people to pursue a better university education.
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个名人在大学毕业典礼发表的演讲节选内容。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据J.K. Rowling, Harvard University部分中“But what I feared most for myself at your age was not poverty, but failure. (但在你们这个年纪，我最害怕的不是贫穷，而是失败)”可知，J.K. Rowling最害怕的不是贫穷而是失败。故选D。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Steve Jobs, Stanford University部分中“Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work, and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking, and don’t settle. (你的工作将占据你生活的很大一部分，真正满足的唯一方法是做你认为是伟大的工作，而做伟大工作的唯一方法就是热爱你所做的事情。如果你还没有找到，继续寻找，不要将就)”可知，Steve Jobs表达了他的想法：做伟大工作的唯一方法就是热爱你所做的事情，所以如果你还没有找到，要继续寻找。故选A。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据Bill Gates, Harvard University部分中“They are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches and deal with the world’s inequities (不公平) like hunger, poverty, and so on. (它们不仅使国家政府，也使大学、较小的组织，甚至个人能够看到问题，看到方法，处理世界上的不平等，如饥饿、贫困等)”可推知，Bill Gates建议个人也要看到世界存在的问题，并看到方法去处理解决这些问题，即个人合力解决世界上的问题。故选C。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“You may be familiar with the following famous people, but have you heard of their graduation speeches, in which they either share their unforgettable experiences or give you some great inspiration. (你可能熟悉下面的名人，但你听说过他们的毕业演讲吗？在他们的毕业演讲中，他们要么分享了他们难忘的经历，要么给了你一些伟大的启发)”及下文内容可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是给人们一些启示，让他们过上有意义的生活。故选B。
B
Life is just like a box of chocolates and you never know what you’re going to get. Sometimes when we are in our darkest hour, something completely unexpected happens that can give us a little bit of hope and comfort.
Jessica was a healthy woman. One day, while she was working on a brilliant idea that suddenly struck her, which she thought would be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem she was working on, she suddenly lost consciousness. After she was rushed to the hospital, her heart rate slowed by nearly 50 percent. It took nine days for doctors to concentrate on what was causing her problem.
After several weeks, Jessica was still stiff (僵硬的) from head to foot, but luckily, she was able to move her lips. Staff noticed this and introduced Jessica to Consuelo Gonzalez, a professional lip reader. Consuelo can understand what people are saying by the shape their lips make. She can also understand how annoying it is not to be able to communicate because she has been completely deaf since the age of 8.
For a few hours each week, Jessica could have long conversations with Consuelo, diving into the ocean of words she dearly missed. Through Consuelo, Jessica asked the doctors and nurses questions she had long wanted answers to. She also talked to Consuelo about the vivid dreams she was mixing up with reality.
In fact, there are other ways for Consuelo to earn a living by reading lips, but she says helping patients separate horrible dreams from reality is the most rewarding way she can use her unique skill. “What is really wonderful, without doubt, is being able to use this skill to create healing and to create communication between human beings. That’s what feels best: Love.”
After four and a half months in the hospital, Jessica finally recovered. Consuelo was there, holding Jessica’s hands. Jessica eventually went back to work as a math professor. After her experience she wrote a new living will. One thing she added is that if she ever becomes incapacitated like this again, she is never to be left alone.
40. Why does the author mention a box of chocolates in the first paragraph?
A. To present an argument. B. To make a comparison.
C. To introduce a topic. D. To give an example.
41. What is the correct order of the following events?
a. Jessica was introduced to Consuelo Gonzalez.
b. Jessica went back to work and wrote a new living will.
c. Doctors spent nine days to find out what caused Jessica’s problem.
d. Jessica was able to ask the doctors questions she had long wanted answers to.
e. Jessica worked on a brilliant idea for solving the mathematical problem.
A. ecadb B. adcbe C. ecdba D. adbce
42. Which statement is correct in Jessica’s story?
A. Jessica became deaf as a result of the sudden disease after losing consciousness.
B. Consuelo must have a gift in psychology as she could separate dreams from reality.
C. Consuelo accompanied Jessica all the time in the hospital until the latter recovered.
D. Doctors focused on the cause of Jessica’s disease before Consuelo offered help.
43. How can we describe Consuelo Gonzalez?
A. Friendly and cautious. B. Brave and creative.
C. Kind and caring. D. Determined and humorous.
44. Which of the following best explains “incapacitated” underlined in the last paragraph?
A. Deadly exhausted. B. Seriously ill. C. Desperately lonely. D. Incredibly compulsory.
45. What can best summarize the message contained in the passage?
A. Love can make people no longer alone facing difficulties.
B. Creating communication between human beings is rewarding.
C. Self-acceptance is based on the love for oneself.
D. Love is key to the attainment of others’ respect.
【答案】40. C 41. A 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了有一天，身体健康的杰西卡突然生病导致只有嘴唇能够动，后来在专业唇读师康斯韦洛·冈萨雷斯的帮助下，最终得到了康复的故事。从这个故事中，我们学到了——生活就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道下一个是什么味道。有时候，当我们处于最黑暗的时刻，一些完全意想不到的事情会发生，给我们一点希望和安慰。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Life is just like a box of chocolates and you never know what you’re going to get. Sometimes when we are in our darkest hour, something completely unexpected happens that can give us a little bit of hope and comfort. (生活就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道下一个是什么味道。有时候，当我们处于最黑暗的时刻，一些完全意想不到的事情会发生，给我们一点希望和安慰)”及下文对杰西卡生病、康复的过程描述可推知，作者在第一段提到了一盒巧克力来介绍一个话题。故选C。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One day, while she was working on a brilliant idea that suddenly struck her, which she thought would be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem she was working on, she suddenly lost consciousness. (有一天，当她正在思考一个突然闪现的绝妙想法时，她认为这将是解决她正在研究的数学问题的真正突破，她突然失去了意识)”可知，e. Jessica worked on a brilliant idea for solving the mathematical problem. (杰西卡想出了一个解决这道数学题的绝妙办法)；第二段中的“It took nine days for doctors to concentrate on what was causing her problem. (医生花了九天时间才找出她的病因)”可知，c. Doctors spent nine days to find out what caused Jessica’s problem. (医生花了九天时间来找出杰西卡的病因)；第三段中的“Staff noticed this and introduced Jessica to Consuelo Gonzalez, a professional lip reader. (工作人员注意到了这一点，就把杰西卡介绍给了专业唇读师康斯韦洛·冈萨雷斯)”可知，a. Jessica was introduced to Consuelo Gonzalez. (杰西卡被介绍给康斯韦洛·冈萨雷斯)；第四段中的“Through Consuelo, Jessica asked the doctors and nurses questions she had long wanted answers to. (通过康斯韦洛，杰西卡向医生和护士询问了一些她一直想知道答案的问题)”可知，d. Jessica was able to ask the doctors questions she had long wanted answers to. (杰西卡可以问医生一些她一直想知道答案的问题了)；最后一段中的“After her experience she wrote a new living will. (经历了这些之后，她又写了一份新的生前遗嘱)”可知，b. Jessica went back to work and wrote a new living will. (杰西卡回去工作，写了一份新的生前遗嘱)。由此可知，文章中事件的正确顺序是ecadb。故选A。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Through Consuelo, Jessica asked the doctors and nurses questions she had long wanted answers to. (通过康斯韦洛，杰西卡向医生和护士询问了一些她一直想知道答案的问题)”和第五段中的“What is really wonderful, without doubt, is being able to use this skill to create healing and to create communication between human beings. (毫无疑问，真正奇妙的是能够使用这种技能来创造治疗，并在人类之间建立沟通)”及最后一段中的“After four and a half months in the hospital, Jessica finally recovered. Consuelo was there, holding Jessica’s hands. (在医院住了四个半月后，杰西卡终于康复了。康丝薇洛康斯韦洛也在那儿，握着杰西卡的手)”可知，康斯韦洛在医院里一直陪伴着杰西卡，直到她康复。故选C。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“In fact, there are other ways for Consuelo to earn a living by reading lips, but she says helping patients separate horrible dreams from reality is the most rewarding way she can use her unique skill. “What is really wonderful, without doubt, is being able to use this skill to create healing and to create communication between human beings. That’s what feels best: Love.” (事实上，康斯韦洛还有其他靠读唇为生的方法，但她说，帮助病人区分噩梦和现实是她能运用自己独特技能的最有价值的方法。“毫无疑问，真正奇妙的是能够使用这种技能来创造治疗，并在人类之间建立沟通。这就是感觉最好的东西：爱”)”及最后一段中的“After four and a half months in the hospital, Jessica finally recovered. Consuelo was there, holding Jessica’s hands. (在医院住了四个半月后，杰西卡终于康复了。康丝薇洛康斯韦洛也在那儿，握着杰西卡的手)”可知，康斯韦洛在医院里一直陪伴着杰西卡，直到她康复。由此推知，康斯韦洛·冈萨雷斯是一个既善良又有爱心的人。故选C。
【44题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“After several weeks, Jessica was still stiff (僵硬的) from head to foot, but luckily, she was able to move her lips. (几个星期后，杰西卡从头到脚仍然僵硬，但幸运的是，她的嘴唇还能活动)”及划线词下文“like this again (像这样)”可知，此处指像这样失去行动能力的严重疾病。由此可知，划线词incapacitated与seriously ill (病重)意思一致。故选B。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“What is really wonderful, without doubt, is being able to use this skill to create healing and to create communication between human beings. That’s what feels best: Love.” (毫无疑问，真正奇妙的是能够使用这种技能来创造治疗，并在人类之间建立沟通。这就是感觉最好的东西：爱)”及最后一段中的“One thing she added is that if she ever becomes incapacitated like this again, she is never to be left alone. (她补充说，如果她再次像这样失去行动能力，她永远不会被单独留下)”可知，文章讲述了杰西卡在既善良又有爱心的康斯韦洛·冈萨雷斯的帮助下，克服困难，最终得到了康复。由此可知，A. Love can make people no longer alone facing difficulties. (爱可以使人不再孤独地面对困难)能最好地概括文章中的信息。故选A。
C
We are encountering real-world examples of how AI can harm human relations. As digital assistants such as Alexa or Siri become popular, we become accustomed to talking to them as though they were alive. Writing in these pages several years ago, Judith Shulevitz described how some of us are starting to treat them as friends and therapists. Shulevitz herself says she confesses (忏悔) things to Google Assistant that she wouldn’t tell her husband. If we grow more comfortable talking to our devices about our secrets, what happens to our human marriages and friendships? Designers and programmers typically create devices whose responses make us feel better — but may not help us be self-reflective or think over painful truths. As AI goes deeper into our lives, we must face the possibility that it will prevent our emotions and deep human connects.
Besides, we will fight with some other challenges. The age of driverless cars, after all, is upon us. These vehicles promise to considerably reduce the exhaustion and distraction that put human drivers in danger, thus preventing accidents. But what other effects might they have on people? Driving is a very modern kind of social interaction, requiring high levels of cooperation. I worry that driverless cars, by taking away from us an occasion to exercise this ability, could contribute to its decline.
Not only will these vehicles be programmed to take over driving duties and hence to remove from humans the power to make moral judgments (for example, about which pedestrian to hit when a crash is unavoidable), they will also affect humans with whom they’ve had no direct contact. For instance, drivers who have steered awhile alongside an autonomous vehicle traveling at a steady, changeless speed might drive less attentively, thus increasing their likelihood of accidents once they’ve moved to a part of the highway occupied only by human drivers. Alternatively, experience may reveal that driving alongside autonomous vehicles travelling in perfect accordance with (按照) traffic laws actually improves human performance.
Either way we should be careful to launch new forms of AI without first taking such unexpected social effects into account. We must apply the same effort that we apply to the hardware and software that make self-driving cars possible to managing AI’s potential effects on those outside the car. After all, we install brake lights on the back of your car not just, or even primarily, for your benefit, but for the sake of the people behind you.
46. What can be inferred about human relationships from the first paragraph?
A. AI will lead to distant inter-personal relationships.
B. We will feel comfortable speaking to others online.
C. AI will enable people to communicate more with others.
D. We will be more self-reflective in interaction thanks to AI.
47. In Paragraph 2, the phrase “its decline” refers to the decline in ________.
A. drivers’ interaction with the cars
B. drivers’ exhaustion and distraction
C. our ability to cooperate with others while driving
D. our ability to deal with emergencies while driving
48. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true of driverless cars?
A. They may be better at making more judgments than human drivers.
B. They need to vary their speed to make contact with human drivers.
C. They may make human drivers in other cars drive more safely.
D. They need to force human drivers to concentrate in the car.
49. Which of the following is the writer most likely to agree with?
A. Brake lights on the back of our car are installed mainly to warn us of danger.
B. We should figure out how new technology affects people before developing it.
C. We can launch new forms of AI without thinking of unexpected social effects.
D. More efforts should be made to advance the hardware and software of driverless cars.
50. What’s the author’s purpose of writing this passage?
A. To present the challenges brought by AI.
B. To explain the reason why AI may harm human relations.
C. To put forward how to solve the unexpected effect of AI.
D. To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of driverless cars.
【答案】46. A 47. C 48. C 49. D 50. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过日常生活中Alexa和Siri的例子，提出自己的论点——人工智能会阻止人们之间更深层次的交流。接着开始提出自己对于无人驾驶汽车的看法和担忧，并提出需要进一步提升无人驾驶汽车的软件和硬件，让它们更好、更安全地服务于人们。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“As AI goes deeper into our lives, we must face the possibility that it will prevent our emotions and deep human connects. (随着人工智能深入我们的生活，我们必须面对这样一种可能性，即它将阻止我们的情感和深层次的人际联系)”可推知，作者认为人工智能会导致人与人之间的联系变得越来越肤浅、浅显。故选A。
【47题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“But what other effects might they have on people? Driving is a very modern kind of social interaction, requiring high levels of cooperation.(但它们还会对人类产生什么影响呢？开车是一种非常现代的社会互动，需要高度的合作)”及划线词所在句“I worry that driverless cars, by taking away from us an occasion to exercise this ability, could contribute to its decline.(我担心，无人驾驶汽车夺走了我们锻炼这种能力的机会，可能会导致这种它的衰落)”可知，“its decline”指的是前文“this ability”的衰弱和下降，而“this ability”指代上文中的“high levels of cooperation”，即开车时的合作能力。故选C。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For instance, drivers who have steered awhile alongside an autonomous vehicle traveling at a steady, changeless speed might drive less attentively, thus increasing their likelihood of accidents once they’ve moved to a part of the highway occupied only by human drivers. Alternatively, experience may reveal that driving alongside autonomous vehicles travelling in perfect accordance with (按照) traffic laws actually improves human performance.(例如，在一辆以稳定不变速度行驶的自动驾驶汽车旁边驾驶了一段时间的司机可能会不太注意驾驶，因此，一旦他们行驶到只有人类司机占据的高速公路路段，发生事故的可能性就会增加。经验表明，与完全遵守交通法规行驶的自动驾驶汽车并排行驶实际上会提高人的表现)”可知，无人驾驶汽车能降低其他车辆中的司机出现交通事故的概率，也就是说它们能使人类驾驶员在其他车辆中更安全。故选C。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We must apply the same effort that we apply to the hardware and software that make self-driving cars possible to managing AI’s potential effects on those outside the car. After all, we install brake lights on the back of your car not just, or even primarily, for your benefit, but for the sake of the people behind you.(我们必须付出使自动驾驶汽车成为可能的硬件和软件所付出的同样努力，来管理人工智能对车外人员的潜在影响。毕竟，我们在你的车后面安装刹车灯不仅仅是，甚至主要是为了你的利益，而是为了你后面的人)”可推知，作者认为对于自动驾驶汽车，我们应该努力提高它的硬件和软件，让它更加安全。故选D。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“We are encountering real-world examples of how AI can harm human relations.(我们正在遇到人工智能如何损害人际关系的现实例子)”和第二段中的“Besides, we will fight with some other challenges. The age of driverless cars, after all, is upon us.(此外，我们将与其他一些挑战作斗争。毕竟，无人驾驶汽车的时代已经来临)”及第三段中的“Not only will these vehicles be programmed to take over driving duties and hence to remove from humans the power to make moral judgments (for example, about which pedestrian to hit when a crash is unavoidable), they will also affect humans with whom they’ve had no direct contact.(这些车辆不仅会被编程为接管驾驶职责，从而剥夺人类做出道德判断的权力(例如，当碰撞不可避免时，该撞哪位行人)，它们还会影响到与它们没有直接接触的人类)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是展示人工智能带来的挑战。故选A。
D
Psychological science is full of interesting topics, many of which tell a coherent (连贯的) picture of human nature, but some of which create seemingly contradictory stories. A case in point is the tricky, and misunderstood, overlap (重叠部分) between strength-based science and the research on narcissism (自恋).
There is now convincing evidence to show that narcissism is on the rise, especially in our youth. Some researchers say that about 25% of young people show symptoms of narcissism. The inflated ego of Generation Me is reflected in reality TV, celebrity worship, and out-of-control consumerism.
We are correct to be concerned about this phenomenon, but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful counter-reaction to approaches that seek to make our children and teens feel good about themselves.
In my own research on strength-based parenting, it is common for people to wrongly think this approach to be the cause of narcissism. Their argument seems to be that a child who knows his strengths will automatically view himself as better than everyone else. It is argued that the self-assurance that comes with identifying and using their positive qualities will make a child selfish and uncaring. Genuine confidence about one’s strengths is categorized as over-confidence; desirable self-knowledge is branded as excessive (过分的) self-admiration.
Why does this occur? It’s partly because more is known about narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychology has largely stayed within the limit of academic journals, research on narcissism has made its way into the mass media and our daily life. A famous magazine noted that narcissism is a favored topic and that people everywhere are diagnosing others with it.
The fear that a strength-based approach will cause narcissism also occurs because of our binary (非此即彼) thinking. We mistakenly believe that one cannot be both confident and humble. We focus on Donald Trump and Kim Kardashian rather than Mahatma Gandhi and Mother Teresa. Without confidence in their strengths, Gandhi and Mother Teresa couldn’t have achieved so much, and yet modesty and selflessness are their qualities.
When we assume that strength-focus is the same as a self-focus, we fail to make the idea clear that people who know their strengths are, actually, more likely to be pro-social and ready to help others.
It’s easy to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with, who are caring, thoughtful and humble — even when they use their strengths.
51. Which of the following opinions may the writer agree with?
A. Strength-based parenting leads to narcissism.
B. It’s unhelpful for us to make our children feel good about themselves.
C. To say all kids are potential narcissists is overstating the case.
D. Children who know their strengths tend to be more selfish and uncaring.
52. Why are teenagers’ strengths often considered as narcissism according to Paragraph 5?
A. Academic journals report more on narcissism.
B. There is a lack of narcissism in our common sense.
C. Many people are diagnosed with narcissism by doctors.
D. The general public has less access to strengths psychology.
53. Why does the author mention Gandi and Mother Teresa?
A. Because they are as famous as Donald Trump.
B. Because they are both confident and modest.
C. Because confidence is quite important for celebrities.
D. Because a strength-based approach will cause narcissism.
54. What’s the author’s attitude towards young kids’ strength-based approaches?
A. Favorable. B. Neutral. C. Disapproving. D. Doubtful.
55. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Teens’ Psychology Research B. Teens’ Narcissism Diagnosis
C. Teens’ Strength-based Approach D. Teens’ Confidence Misunderstood
【答案】51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。一直以来，人们对个人优势和自恋两者之间认识不足，导致了对青少年的自信产生误解。作者解释了对青少年的自信被误解为自恋的这一现象，及其产生原因，并认为：以突出孩子们优势为基础的教养方式是有益的。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“We are correct to be concerned about this phenomenon, but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful counter-reaction to approaches that seek to make our children and teens feel good about themselves. (我们对这种现象的担忧是正确的，但是我们担心所有的孩子都是潜在的自恋者，这对那些试图让孩子和青少年自我感觉良好的方法造成了无益的反作用力)”以及最后一段“It’s easy to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with, who are caring, thoughtful and humble — even when they use their strengths.(很容易得出这样的结论：每个年轻人都有成为自恋狂的风险，但我想为与我共事过的成千上万个关心他人、体贴他人、谦逊的孩子们说话——即使他们在发挥自己的优势时也是如此)”可推知，作者认为不是所有孩子都是潜在的自恋者，这样的说法过于夸大事实。故选C。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Why does this occur? It’s partly because more is known about narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychology has largely stayed within the limit of academic journals, research on narcissism has made its way into the mass media and our daily life. (为什么会出现这种情况？这在一定程度上是因为人们对自恋的了解多于对优势的了解。虽然关于优势的心理学在很大程度上还停留在学术期刊的范围内，但对自恋的研究已经进入了大众媒体和我们的日常生活)”可知，青少年因优势产生的自信常常被误认为是自恋，是因为大众对自恋很熟悉，而对关于优势的心理学接触较少、相对陌生。故选D。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的 “We mistakenly believe that one cannot be both confident and humble. We focus on Donald Trump and Kim Kardashian rather than Mahatma Gandhi and Mother Teresa. Without confidence in their strengths, Gandhi and Mother Teresa couldn’t have achieved so much, and yet modesty and selflessness are their qualities.(我们错误地认为一个人不可能既自信又谦虚。我们关注的是唐纳德·特朗普和金·卡戴珊，而不是圣雄甘地和特蕾莎修女。如果对自己的力量没有信心，甘地和特蕾莎修女不可能取得这么大的成就，然而谦虚和无私是他们的品质)”可知，这一段，作者认为人们的看法——一个人不可能既自信又谦虚——是错误的。由此推知，作者以甘地和特蕾莎为例，来证明自己的观点，即一个人既自信又谦虚是可能的。故选B。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s easy to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with, who are caring, thoughtful and humble — even when they use their strengths.(很容易得出结论，每个年轻人都有成为自恋者的风险，但我想为我接触过的成千上万的年轻人挺身而出，他们关心他人、体贴他人、谦逊——即使他们在发挥自己的优势时也是如此)”可推知，作者对幼儿自信建立法是支持的态度。故选A。
【55题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Psychological science is full of interesting topics, many of which tell a coherent (连贯的) picture of human nature, but some of which create seemingly contradictory stories. A case in point is the tricky, and misunderstood, overlap (重叠部分) between strength-based science and the research on narcissism (自恋).(心理科学充满了有趣的话题，其中许多都描绘了人性的连贯画面，但有些却创造了看似矛盾的东西。一个恰当的例子就是，基于能力的科学和关于自恋的研究之间存在微妙和被误解的重叠)”可知，这篇文章主要讲的是人们对青少年的自信产生了误解。故选D。
第II卷
注意事项：1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2.本卷共6题，共35分。
第三部分：写作
第一节：(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，按照要求用英语回答问题。
Walking home from school one day, I saw Dan, a kid from my school, on the other side of the road. I said to myself, “He must be a real nerd,” as he was carrying a lot of books. When I continued walking, I saw a group of kids run into Dan, knocking his books out of his arms and pushing him so he fell over. I ran over to help him, and as we were picking up his books, I saw tears in his eyes.
While I helped him stand up, I said, “Those kids are stupid.” He looked at me and said, “Thanks.” There was a grateful smile on his face.
We started talking and soon realized that we lived near each other. We talked all the way home. Dan turned out to be a pretty cool kid. We hung out all weekend and the more I got to know Dan, the more I liked him. Dan and I became best friends.
Over the years in high school, he became more popular. In our senior year, Dan got the best grades in our class, and had to give a speech for graduation.
As Dan started his speech, he looked at me. “Graduation is a time to thank the people who helped you survive those tough years — your parents, your teachers, but mostly your friends. Being a friend is the best gift you can give. I’m going to tell you a story.” I just looked at Dan in amazement as he told the story of the first day we met. He had planned to drop out of school and run away from home that weekend. Dan talked of how he had emptied his locker so his mom wouldn’t have to do it later and was carrying all of his books home. He looked hard at me and gave me a little smile. “Thankfully, I was saved. My friend saved me from making a huge mistake.” Everyone looked at Dan in shock as he told us about his weakest moment.
56. Where did the author first meet Dan?(no more than 10 words)
________________
57. How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 1?(no more than 10 words)
________________
58. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?(no more than 8 words)
________________
59. Why did everyone look at Dan in shock at the end of the story?(no more than 15 words)
________________
60. Who do you want to thank most upon your graduation? Please explain.(no more than 25 words)
________________
【答案】56. On his way home from school.
57. He must be a very boring person.
58. How the author and Dan became best friends.
59. Because Dan told everyone his weakest moment.
60. I want to thank my English teacher most for his encouragement and support. Without him, I wouldn't catch up with my classmates.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在放学路上遇到了丹，两人很快成为了朋友。直到毕业时，丹告诉作者他们相遇那天，他本打算退学的。
【56题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“Walking home from school one day, I saw Dan, a kid from my school, on the other side of the road.(一天放学回家，我在路的另一边看到了丹，我们学校的一个孩子)”可知，在放学回家的路上作者第一次遇到丹。故答案为On his way home from school.
【57题详解】
考查句意理解。根据画线词后文“as he was carrying a lot of books”可知，丹带了很多书回家，所以作者觉得他一定是一个很无聊的人。画线词部分意思是“他一定是一个很无聊的人”。故答案为He must be a very boring person.
【58题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第三段“We started talking and soon realized that we lived near each other. We talked all the way home. Dan turned out to be a pretty cool kid. We hung out all weekend and the more I got to know Dan, the more I liked him. Dan and I became best friends.(我们开始交谈，很快就意识到我们住得很近。回家的路上我们一直在聊天。丹原来是个很酷的孩子。我们整个周末都在一起玩，我对丹了解得越多，就越喜欢他。丹和我成了最好的朋友)”可知，第三段主旨为作者和丹如何成为最好的朋友。故答案为How the author and Dan became best friends.
【59题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段“I just looked at Dan in amazement as he told the story of the first day we met. He had planned to drop out of school and run away from home that weekend. Dan talked of how he had emptied his locker so his mom wouldn’t have to do it later and was carrying all of his books home. He looked hard at me and gave me a little smile. “Thankfully, I was saved. My friend saved me from making a huge mistake.” Everyone looked at Dan in shock as he told us about his weakest moment.(当丹讲述我们第一天相遇的故事时，我惊讶地看着他。他原计划那个周末从学校退学，离家出走。丹说他清空了自己的储物柜，这样妈妈就不用再收拾了，他还把所有的书都带回家了。他盯着我，对我微微一笑。“谢天谢地，我得救了。我的朋友把我从一个巨大的错误中拯救了出来。”当丹告诉我们他最脆弱的时刻时，每个人都震惊地看着他)”可知，在故事的结尾，每个人都震惊地看着丹是因为丹告诉每个人他最脆弱的时刻。故答案为Because Dan told everyone his weakest moment.
【60题详解】
考查开放题，题干：毕业时你最想感谢谁？请解释一下。可回答：我最要感谢我的英语老师给我的鼓励和支持。没有他，我就赶不上我的同学了。故答案为I want to thank my English teacher most for his encouragement and support. Without him, I wouldn't catch up with my classmates.
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
61. 假设你是学生会主席李津，英国校长代表团将于5月18日世界博物馆日到你校访问，并参加你校与天津博物馆合作组织的为期一周的“让文物走进生活”活动，请你根据内容要点用英语写一篇此次活动开幕词。
(1)表示欢迎；
(2)活动目的；
(3)活动内容（不少于2项）；
(4)对客人的祝愿。
注意：
(1)词数不少于100；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：Bringing Cultural Relics into Life event“让文物走进生活”活动 handicraft手工艺品
Dear guests, teachers and fellow students,
I’m Li Jin, chairman of the Student Union.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear guests, teachers and fellow students,
I’m Li Jin, chairman of the Student Union. It’s my great honour to express our warm welcome to you on behalf of our school. We are excited to have you here during our one-week “Bringing Cultural Relics into Life event” organized by our school and Tianjin Museum.
The purpose of this activity is to bring cultural relics to life and to enter students’ life, so that they can become the spiritual nourishment of our real life. The museum also has an interactive area for visitors, recreating the scenes of 20th century designers’ studios. We can experience it as much as we like. We also attend public lectures and participate in handicrafts activities. Dear guests, you are welcome to take part in it. I hope we will benefit a lot from your presence.
We hope you’ll have a pleasant time during your stay here.
Thank you.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假设你是学生会主席李津，英国校长代表团将于5月18日世界博物馆日到你校访问，并参加你校与天津博物馆合作组织的为期一周的“让文物走进生活”活动，请你根据内容要点用英语写一篇此次活动开幕词。
【详解】1.词汇积累
代表：on behalf of→represent
组织：organize→hold
参加：participate in→go in for
愉快的：pleasant= jolly
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We are excited to have you here during our one-week “Bringing Cultural Relics into Life event” organized by our school and Tianjin Museum.
拓展句：We are excited to have you here during our one-week “Bringing Cultural Relics into Life event” , which is organized by our school and Tianjin Museum.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The purpose of this activity is to bring cultural relics to life and to enter students’ life, so that they can become the spiritual nourishment of our real life. (运用了so that引导的目的状语从句)
[高分句型2] We are excited to have you here during our one-week “Bringing Cultural Relics into Life event” organized by our school and Tianjin Museum. (运用了过去分词作定语)
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