精品解析：陕西省韩城市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：陕西省韩城市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版），共23页。

韩城市2022～2023学年度第二学期期末质量检测
高二英语试题
注意事项：
1．本试题共10页，满分150分，时间120分钟。
2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理;试题不回收。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers?
A In a slore. B. In a library. C. In a bank.
2. How does the woman sound?
A. Excited. B. Annoyed. C. Unconcerned.
3. What does the man want to do?
A. Go to Mexico on business. B. Reserve a cheap hotel. C. Relax and enjoy himself.
4. What does the woman say about the term paper?
A. She still hasn’t finished it.
B. She will type it next week.
C. It took her an entire week to type it.
5. What time is the man’s meeting?
A. 1:50 p.m. B. 2:10 p.m. C. 1:30 p.m.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What kind of food is the man ordering?
A. Indian food B. Chinese food. C. Italian food.
7. How many guests will there be?
A.Less than five. B. About five. C. About ten.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.How does the woman like reading books about computers?
A. Relaxing. B. Important. C. Difficult.
9. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Give up his current job.
B. Buy computers with her.
C. Learn about computers hard.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题，
10. What’s the girl’s problem?
A. She has a fever. B. She has a cough. C. She has a stomachache.
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Driver and passenger.
12. Who might the man call?
A. The girl’s parents. B. Mrs. Black. C. Mr. Miller.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What sport does the woman like?
A. Badminton. B. Golf. C.Table tennis.
14.Why does the man like playing basketball?
A. To strengthen his will.
B. To build up self-confidence.
C. To stay fit.
15. What is the man’s wish?
A. To improve sports skills.
B. To be a great athlete.
C. To become a coach like his father.
16. What will the speakers do next?
A. Do sports. B. Buy golf balls. C. Play tricks on others.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What percentage poems will go to the semi-final round?
A. 30%. B. 20%. C. 65%,
18. What do we know about the editors?
A. They have a heavy workload.
B. They read every poem twice.
C. They post their own poems online.
19. How long may it take to produce the final result?
A. Seven weeks B. Nine weeks. C. Eleven weeks.
20. Why are the first-place winners required to call the office?
A. To give their mail address.
B. To provide proof of identity.
C. To discuss the posting of their poem.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Creating Young V&A
When the V&A Museum of Childhood in Bethnal Green was founded in 1872, it was East London’s first public museum. Today, we are transforming this beloved building into a new national museum of design and creativity dedicated entirely to children.
Relaunching later this year as Young V&A, the museum will be a place to imagine, play, create, debate and design. Young V&A will help children to develop abilities such as creative thinking, problem-solving and collaboration through imaginative, hands-on gallery displays and creative programming for schools, families and community groups.
How you can help
In a climate of growing inequality and reduced funding for the arts, it is vital that we support young people’s creative development. We rely on your generous donations and are thankful for your support. Whether you can give £ 25 or £ 25, 000, all donations will help to complete this project.
* £ 25 could buy books for the new Reading Room.
*£75 could buy sensory materials to help bring the collectian to life for young visitors.
* 150 could conserve and display an international object in the permanent galleries.
* 5000 could help furnish the new creative studios in the Learning Centre.
Ways to give
* To pay by debit, credit card, use the QR code, visit www. vam. ac. uk or call 020-7942-2905 to speak to a member of the Development team.
* Return a completed donation form or post a cheque directy to the museum or hand it in at the V&A Membership Desk or the Members’ Room.
*To find out about donating by bank transfer, making a regular monthly donation, or to make a larger gift, please email the Development team at appeals@ vam. ac.uk.
1. Who are the target visitors of Young V&A?
A. Dancers. B. Seniors. C. Art lovers. D. Children.
2. What can a donation of £ 75 do for the project?
A. Repaint the Reading Room. B. Help bring the collection to life.
C. Conserve an inspirational object. D. Furnish the new creative studios.
3. How can people donate by cheque?
A. Send a cheque to the museum. B. Scan a QR code.
C. Call 02079422905. D. Email the Development team.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是为创建一个专门致力于儿童的新的国家设计和创意博物馆而进行的募捐活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“Today, we are transforming this beloved building into a new national museum of design and creativity dedicated entirely to children.(今天，我们将把这座深受喜爱的建筑改造成一个全新的国家设计和创意博物馆，完全献给孩子们。)”可知，Young V&A主要面向儿童，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据How you can help部分中的“*£75 could buy sensory materials to help bring the collectian to life for young visitors.(* 75英镑可以购买感官材料，让年轻游客可以使这些收藏品焕发生机。)”可知，£75能帮助这些收藏品焕发生机。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ways to give部分中的“* Return a completed donation form or post a cheque directy to the museum or hand it in at the V&A Membership Desk or the Members’ Room.(*将填妥的捐款表格或支票直接寄回博物馆，或交回V&A会员服务台或会员室。)”可知，人们可以通过给博物馆寄张支票来捐赠，故选A。
B
The British Government has decided to spend £1.5 million translating the complete works of Shakespeare into Chinese. The project will be delivered by the Royal Shakespeare Company, who has also received government funding for a tour of China.
The plays and poetry of William Shakespeare are arguably England’s greatest cultural treasure. Every schoolchild studies his work, and he is considered to be the greatest Englishman to ever use a pen. Until the 20th century though, Shakespeare was almost unknown in China. The new translations and accompanying tour will bring Shakespeare to a wider audience in China. What, though, do those from the land of Shakespeare’s birth feel about their government sponsoring this project?
Only a very few were angry about this use of taxpayers’ money, with most expressing pride that “their” playwright was to be presented again in the world’s most spoken language. However, there are some huge challenges involved in translating Shakespeare into Chinese.
The first translations of Shakespeare into Chinese were by Lin Shu (1852-1924). They were not direct translations, but taken from a children’s book of prose (散文) adaptations of Shakespeare’s stories. The first Chinese encounters (相遇) with Shakespeare were therefore not with the verse (韵文) of his plays but the stories and characters in a simplified format.
The influence of Shakespeare’s storylines has definitely been greater than that of his language. Shakespeare’s language does not easily submit to translation. Many of the words, figures of speech and references are too archaic (古体的) to be understood even by native English speakers. Much of Shakespeare is written in verse limited by rhythm and rhyme. This is particularly difficult when translating into Chinese.
Besides, Shakespeare’s “History Plays” present a different challenge to the Chinese translator. As dramatizations of real historical events, these plays require the translator to have a thorough knowledge of British history. Meanwhile, Shakespeare’s comedic moments are often based on puns (双关语). These are really difficult to translate directly.
4. What can we learn about the complete works of Shakespeare?
A. They mainly focus on British history. B. They are worth about £1.5 million.
C. They will all be adapted for plays. D. They will be shared more widely.
5. How do most people from Shakespeare’s homeland feel about the government’s decision?
A. Upset. B. Worried. C. Uncaring. D. Favorable.
6. What were the first Chinese translations of Shakespeare based on?
A. Original plays. B. Incomplete editions.
C. Simplified stories. D. Orally told stories.
7. The last two paragraphs mainly tell us translating Shakespeare into Chinese _____.
A. is no easy task B. is a waste of time
C. is very interesting D. is useful for English learners
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是英国政府决定花费150万英镑将莎士比亚全集翻译成中文，以及英国人对此的态度和存在的问题。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The British Government has decided to spend £1.5 million translating the complete works of Shakespeare into Chinese. (英国政府决定花费150万英镑将莎士比亚全集翻译成中文。)”以及第二段“The new translations and accompanying tour will bring Shakespeare to a wider audience in China.(新的译本和巡演将把莎士比亚的作品带给中国更多的观众。)”可知，莎士比亚的作品将为更多的中国读者所熟识。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Only a very few were angry about this use of taxpayers’ money, with most expressing pride that “their” playwright was to be presented again in the world’s most spoken language. (只有极少数人对使用纳税人的钱感到愤怒，而大多数人对“他们的”剧作家将再次用世界上使用最多的语言亮相表示自豪。)”可推断，大多数人对此感到自豪，也就是他们对政府的这一决定表示支持。选项A“Upset (沮丧)”；选项B“Worried (担忧)”；选项C“Uncaring (不关心)”；选项D“Favorable (支持)”。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The first translations of Shakespeare into Chinese were by Lin Shu (1852-1924). They were not direct translations, but taken from a children’s book of prose (散文) adaptations of Shakespeare’s stories. The first Chinese encounters (相遇) with Shakespeare were therefore not with the verse (韵文)of his plays but the stories and characters in a simplified format.(最早将莎士比亚作品翻译成中文的是林纾(1852-1924)。它们不是直接翻译的，而是改编自莎士比亚故事的儿童散文书。因此，中国人第一次与莎士比亚的相遇不是他的戏剧的韵文，而是他的故事和人物的简化格式。)”可知，中国人初遇莎士比亚作品时，读到的并不是剧作，而是简化后的故事和人物。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Many of the words, figures of speech and references are too archaic (古体的) to be understood even by native English speakers. Much of Shakespeare is written in verse limited by rhythm and rhyme. This is particularly difficult when translating into Chinese.(莎士比亚的大部分作品都是用受节奏和押韵限制的诗句写成的。这在翻译成中文时尤其困难。)”以及第六段“Besides, Shakespeare’s “History Plays” present a different challenge to the Chinese translator. As dramatizations of real historical events, these plays require the translator to have a thorough knowledge of British history. Meanwhile, Shakespeare’s comedic moments are often based on puns (双关语). These are really difficult to translate directly.( 此外，莎士比亚的“历史剧”对中文译者来说也是一个不同的挑战。作为真实历史事件的戏剧，这些戏剧要求译者对英国历史有全面的了解。与此同时，莎士比亚的喜剧时刻往往基于双关语。这些很难直接翻译。)”可知，这两段主要告诉读者，把莎士比亚作品翻译成中文并非易事。故选A。
C
Despite the bad reputation of sharks, they are crucial to the health of the marine ecosystem and can even help fight climate change.
In the shallows of Shaik Bay, Western Australia, seagrass is food for the sea cows, which can weigh as much as 500 kg and eat roughly 40 kg of seagrass a day. Sea cows are a rich source of food for tiger sharks. By keeping the sea cow population controlled, tiger sharks here help the seagrass grow sustainably. A booming seagrass meadow stores twice as much CO₂ per square mile as forests typically do on land.
But tiger shark numbers are declining. Off Australia’s northeast coast of Queensland, tiger sharks are estimated to have fallen by at least 71 percent, largely due to overfishing. A reduction in tiger sharks means more seagrass consumed by herbivores (食草动物) and less carbon stored in sea vegetation. This raised the question: What if they were absent from the Shark Bay — would the seagrass-dominated ecosystem survive?
To find out, researcher led by Rob Nowicki of Florida International University, spent time in Eastern Australia, where shark numbers were lower and sea cows ate seagrass largely undisturbed. “When uncontrolled, sea cows can rapidly destroy wide areas of seagrass.” said Nowicki.
Those findings emphasized that tiger sharks were playing an important role in preventing the reduction of seagrass in Shark Bay. If their populations continue to decline, the resilience of carbon-rich ocean ecosystems will likely decrease.
When it comes to stimulating shark numbers there have been movements toward more sustainable fishing, but a large percentage of the industry have not changed their methods, which is a reason why the population of many marine top predators (捕食者) continues to decline.
Aside from supporting sustainable fishing, Nowicki said the only way to truly protect marine life is to reduce our global greenhouse gas emissions. “Ultimately, if we are going to protect our ecosystems in the centuries to come, we are going to need to solve climate change while undertaking species protection at the same time.”
8. Why are tiger sharks vital to the marine ecosystem?
A. They feed on various sea animals. B. They can store large amounts of CO₂.
C. They can prevent the loss of seagrass. D. They influence marine species’ health
9. What does the underlined word “resilience” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Remark. B. Recovery. C. Bother. D. Accident.
10. What is the main cause of the population reduction of many top predators?
A. Unsustainable fishing. B. Lack of protection.
C. Climate change. D. Loss of seagrass.
11. What’s the purpose of the text?
A. To tell the number of tiger sharks is decreasing.
B. To show climate change causes the loss of seagrass.
C. To tell environmental protection is at the top of the agenda.
D. To show tiger sharks are vital to the health of the marine ecosystem.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述虎鲨对于海洋生态系统的健康至关重要，以及目前虎鲨数量急剧减少的现象和可能造成的危害，最后呼吁我们支持可持续的捕捞和减少温室气体排放。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the shallows of Shark Bay, Western Australia, seagrass is food for the sea cows, which can weigh as much as 500 kg and eat roughly 40 kg of seagrass a day. Sea cows are a rich source of food for tiger sharks. By keeping the sea cow population controlled, tiger sharks here help the seagrass grow sustainably.(在澳大利亚西部鲨鱼湾的浅滩，海牛以海草为食，它们的体重可达500公斤，每天要吃大约40公斤的海草。海牛是虎鲨丰富的食物来源。通过控制海牛的数量，虎鲨帮助海草持续生长)”可知，虎鲨吃海牛，海牛数量减少，其食物来源海草数量可以增长，从而维持海洋生态平衡，即虎鲨可以防止海草数量的减少。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词前一句“Those findings emphasized that tiger sharks were playing an important role in preventing the reduction of seagrass in Shark Bay.(这些研究结果强调，虎鲨在防止鲨鱼湾海草减少方面发挥着重要作用)”可知，虎鲨在防止鲨鱼湾海草减少方面发挥着重要作用，故如果虎鲨数量减少，海草会被消耗得更多，海洋生态系统的恢复能力会下降，由此推知画线词所在句意为“如果它们的数量继续下降，富含碳的海洋生态系统的恢复能力可能会下降”，resilience意为“恢复”，故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“When it comes to stimulating shark numbers, there have been movements toward more sustainable fishing, but a large percentage of the industry have not changed their methods, which is a reason why the population of many marine top predators (捕食者) continues to decline.(在刺激鲨鱼数量方面，已经有了支持更可持续捕捞的运动，但该行业的很大一部分人没有改变他们的方法，这就是许多海洋顶级捕食者数量持续下降的原因)”可知，海洋顶级捕食者数量减少的原因主要在于捕鱼业仍在使用不可持续的捕捞方法。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容，并结合第一段“Despite the bad reputation of sharks, they are crucial to the health of the marine ecosystem and can even help fight climate change.(尽管鲨鱼名声不好，但它们对海洋生态系统的健康至关重要，甚至可以帮助对抗气候变化)”可知，文章主要介绍虎鲨对于海洋生态系统的健康至关重要，并呼吁人们支持可持续的捕捞和减少温室气体排放。推测文章的目的是表明虎鲨对海洋生态系统的健康至关重要。故选D。
D
In Central America, scientists have made some recent discoveries about the ancient Maya people. These findings show that the Maya developed their civilization centuries earlier than experts thought. While Europe was still in the midst of the Dark Ages, these Maya had charted the heavens, evolved the only true writing system native to the Americas and were masters of mathematics and calendar. Without advantage of metal tools, beasts of burden or even the wheel, they were able to construct vast cities. Their legacy in stone, which has survived in an impressive fashion at places, lives on as do the seven million descendants (后嗣) of the classic Maya civilization
Scientists have made some recent discoveries about the ancient Maya people. Experts call the time between the year 250 and the year 1900 the Classic Maya Period. It was a period of great civilization Until now, scientists think that earlier Maya people were simple farmers. The discoveries show that they used writing, drew pictures and built complex structures. Three separate teams made the discoveries in the rainforest of Guatemala (危地马拉).
Scientists have found some things they say are more than 2000 years old. For example a team found two masks inside the main pyramid in a city. These masks are three meters tall. They are cut in the image of a sun god. The Maya used the pyramid as a temple. The masks may have been a part of ceremonies led by a king.
At Waka, scientists found the burial place of a woman they think was a Maya queen. They believe she ruled more than 1,200 years ago. Her bones were lying on a stone table. Many jewels surrounded her remains. The team also found pieces of green stone that appeared to be the remains of the kind of war helmet worn by rulers. Scientists say the discovery will help them understand how Maya womet shared power with men. Not many burial places of important royal women have been found. Also in northern Guatemala, scientists found a stone showing an 8th-century king playing a game of ball with visiting rulers. It is the third such stone found at the city of Cancuen. They also found large pieces of stone with writing and pictures of leaders. A Guatemalan expert called it one of the greatest masterpieces of Maya art ever discovered in Guatemala.
12. The scientists’ findings show that _________ according to Paragraph 1.
A. Maya people lived a simple life in Guatemala in the midst of the Dark Ages
B. the Maya developed their civilization centuries earlier than experts thought
C. Maya people succeeded in their legacy from generation to generation
D. the classic Maya civilization are the most attractive in the world
13. Which of the following is the most valuable according to the passage?
A. Two masks inside the main pyramid in a city.
B. A burial place of a woman.
C. A stone showing an 8th-century king.
D. Large pieces of stone with writing and pictures of leaders.
14. How is the text organized?
A. Supporting examples—Argument—Explanation.
B. Opinion—Discussion—Important description.
C. Main idea—Conclusion—Supporting examples.
D. Introduction—Supporting examples—Comparison.
15. What might be the most suitable title for the text?
A. Earlier Development of Maya B. The Greatest Discovery
C. Imagination About Maya D. A Scientific Adventure
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是在中美洲，科学家们最近有了一些关于古玛雅人的发现。 这些发现表明，玛雅文明的发展比专家们认为的还要早几个世纪。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第一段的“In Central America, scientists have made some recent discoveries about the ancient Maya people. These findings show that the Maya developed their civilization centuries earlier than experts thought.(在中美洲，科学家们最近有了一些关于古玛雅人的发现。这些发现表明，玛雅文明的发展比专家们认为的要早几个世纪)”可知，科学家的发现表明玛雅文明的发展比专家们认为的要早几个世纪，故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。 根据最后一段的“They also found large pieces of stone with writing and pictures of leaders. A Guatemalan expert called it one of the greatest masterpieces of Maya art ever discovered in Guatemala.(他们还发现了刻有领导人文字和照片的大块石头。一位危地马拉专家称这是危地马拉有史以来发现的最伟大的玛雅艺术杰作之一)”可知，最有价值的是刻有领导人文字和照片的大块石头，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。 根据第一段的“In Central America, scientists have made some recent discoveries about the ancient Maya people. These findings show that the Maya developed their civilization centuries earlier than experts thought.(在中美洲，科学家们最近有了一些关于古玛雅人的发现。这些发现表明，玛雅文明的发展比专家们认为的要早几个世纪)”可知，第一段简略地介绍科学家有了一些发现，是本文的文章大意；根据第二段的“Scientists have made some recent discoveries about the ancient Maya people. Experts call the time between the year 250 and the year 1900 the Classic Maya Period. It was a period of great civilization Until now, scientists think that earlier Maya people were simple farmers. The discoveries show that they used writing, drew pictures and built complex structures. Three separate teams made the discoveries in the rainforest of Guatemala (危地马拉).(科学家们最近对古玛雅人有了一些发现。专家称公元250年到1900年这段时间为经典玛雅时期。这是一个伟大的文明时期，直到现在，科学家们认为早期的玛雅人是简单的农民。这些发现表明，他们使用文字、绘画和建造复杂的结构。三个独立的小组在危地马拉的雨林中发现了这些化石)”可知，第二段是总结这些发现的意义；根据第三段的“Scientists have found some things they say are more than 2000 years old. For example, a team found two masks inside the main pyramid in a city. These masks are three meters tall.(科学家们发现了一些据说有2000多年历史的东西。例如，一个团队在一个城市的主金字塔内发现了两个面具。这些面具有三米高)”和最后一段的“At Waka, scientists found the burial place of a woman they think was a Maya queen.(在瓦卡，科学家们发现了一名女性的墓地，他们认为她是玛雅女王)”和“Also in northern Guatemala, scientists found a stone showing an 8th-century king playing a game of ball with visiting rulers.(同样在危地马拉北部，科学家们发现了一块石头，上面画着一位8世纪的国王正在和来访的统治者玩球。)”可知，最后两段是举例说明具体的发现有哪些，因此文章的结构是大意——结论——支持性的例子，故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。 通读全文，尤其是第一段的“In Central America, scientists have made some recent discoveries about the ancient Maya people. These findings show that the Maya developed their civilization centuries earlier than experts thought.(在中美洲，科学家们最近有了一些关于古玛雅人的发现。这些发现表明，玛雅文明的发展比专家们认为的要早几个世纪)”可知，本文主要讲的是在中美洲，科学家们最近有了一些关于古玛雅人的发现。 这些发现表明，玛雅文明的发展比专家们认为的还要早几个世纪。因此最恰当的题目是A选项“Earlier Development of Maya(玛雅的早期发展)”。故选A。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Unlike a tourist, a traveler is someone who wants to experience another culture and avoid “tourist traps” and other less authentic experience. ____16____. And you must connect with locals for advice and new friendships.
Study your travel destination before leaving. Knowing the history and culture of where you’re going will help you connect with the locals, be more travel-conscious, and improve your experience overall. ____17____, and then look into local newspapers and documentaries if possible.
____18____. You don’t have to stop someone random on the street to get advice from a local. Ask your taxi drivers, waiters, and hotel receptionist where they recommend. Whether you want day trip, food, nightlife, or other advice, the locals can help!
Try free activities like riding bicycles and hiking. These types of activities are often overlooked during vacations because of the need to do everything “important” in any given city. ____19____. Similaly, hiking in forests and parks can be a beautiful and relaxing way to connect with the culture.
Travel alone. ____20____. Sometimes, you’ll make temporary friends, otherwise, they might be friends you stay in contact via social media or messaging. But sometimes, travelling alone and meeting someone else in a foreign place lead to a friendship that can last a lifetime.
A. Research your travel destination and pack appropriately
B. But biking around a city gives you a great view and a sense for the city’s life and vibrancy
C. Start researching by reading guidebooks
D. Ask locals for advice
E. You can share your destination with your friends
F. Push yourself outside of your comfort zone by traveling alone and relying only on yourself
G. To embrace the traveler in you, focus on the culture of the country or city you’re visiting
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在旅游时如何避免“旅游陷阱”和其他不太真实的体验。
【16题详解】
空前说“Unlike a tourist, a traveler is someone who wants to experience another culture and avoid “tourist traps” and other less authentic experience.(与旅游者不同的是，旅行者想要体验另一种文化，避免“旅游陷阱”和其他不太真实的体验)”，空后“And you must connect with locals for advice and new friendships.(你必须与当地人联系以获得建议和新的友谊)”说明这是在给旅游者给建议，空格处也应该是建议，G选项“To embrace the traveler in you, focus on the culture of the country or city you’re visiting(为了拥抱你内心的旅行者，专注于你所访问的国家或城市的文化)”是给旅行者的建议，即专注于你所访问的国家或城市的文化，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
空前“Knowing the history and culture of where you’re going will help you connect with the locals, be more travel-conscious, and improve your experience overall.(了解你要去的地方的历史和文化将有助于你与当地人建立联系，更有旅游意识，并改善你的整体体验)”说明了要去了解旅游目的地的历史和文化，空格处应该讲具体该怎么去了解旅游目的地的历史和文化，空后“and then look into local newspapers and documentaries if possible(如果可能的话，看看当地的报纸和纪录片)”说明的是看报纸或纪录片，空格处应该讲另一种方法，C选项“Start researching by reading guidebooks(通过阅读旅游指南开始研究)”说明的是读阅读旅游指南，是另一种了解当地文化和历史的方法，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
空格处是本段主题句，由空后的“You don’t have to stop someone random on the street to get advice from a local.(你不需要在街上随便拦下一个人来听取当地人的建议)”可知，本段主要讲的是要寻求当地人的建议，因此D选项“Ask locals for advice(向当地人寻求建议)”概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
【19题详解】
空前“Try free activities like riding bicycles and hiking. These types of activities are often overlooked during vacations because of the need to do everything “important” in any given city.(尝试一些免费的活动，比如骑自行车和徒步旅行。这些类型的活动在度假期间经常被忽视，因为在任何一个特定的城市都需要做所有“重要”的事情)”提到了骑自行车和徒步旅行两种活动，空后“Similaly, hiking in forests and parks can be a beautiful and relaxing way to connect with the culture.(同样，在森林和公园里徒步旅行也是一种与当地文化联系的美丽而放松的方式)”说的是徒步旅行这种活动，因此空格处应该说骑自行车相关是事情，B选项“But biking around a city gives you a great view and a sense for the city’s life and vibrancy(但是骑自行车在一个城市周围可以让你看到一个很好的风景，并感受到城市的生活和活力)”说的是骑自行车，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
空前主题句“Travel alone.(独自旅行)”说明本段是关于独自旅行的，F选项“Push yourself outside of your comfort zone by traveling alone and relying only on yourself(独自旅行，让自己走出舒适区，只依靠自己)”说明了要独自旅行，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Not long ago my daughter’s favorite shoes were cut with a knife. She cried. I took them to a shoemaker to get them ___21___ . The young apprentice (学徒) ___22___ at the cuts quickly and said, “I can do nothing except ___23___ the uppers.” The master looked at them and said, “If you trust me, I will ___24___ more cuts to both of the shoes.” I was ___25___ and asked why. He ___26___, “As if the cuts were made on purpose for special style.” I didn’t fully understand him, but I decided to ___27___ the shoes there.
Two days later, I went to collect the shoes. At first ___28___, I found there were indeed more cuts on each shoe, but all of them were ___29___ with red thread around. The shoes looked more unique and interesting than ever. I couldn’t help but praise his ___30___.
Another time, my wife’s white skirt had an opening. My wife checked it ___31___ and said, “I’ll mend it myself.” Three days later, seeing the skirt again, I was shocked: the ___32___ had been repaired by thin and white thread and it looked like a flower. I ___33___ with praise, “It’s just as beautiful as a piece of art!”
“I got the ___34___ from that shoemaker. Patches (补丁) are supposed to be ugly, but a skillful person can make it look ___35___.” replied my wife.
What she said set me thinking: perfection is ___36___ to achieve in everything; patches are unavoidable, so is human’s life, which will ___37___ in the form of injury, disability or disease. Now that you can’t ___38___ the existence of them, all you can do and have to do is to deal with the ___39___ by patches and try your best to bloom a most beautiful flower on the wound, and that is the ___40___ of life.
21. A. cleaned B. repaired C. sold D. painted
22. A. glanced B. arrived C. laughed D. called
23. A. comb B. replace C. congratulate D. invent
24. A. seize B. cast C. add D. ferry
25. A. delighted B. convinced C. dynamic D. confused
26. A. explained B. expected C. asked D. whistled
27. A. assume B. arrest C. leave D. forget
28. A. attempt B. sight C. hand D. light
29. A. occupied B. filled C. decorated D. mixed
30. A. regulation B. plot C. antique D. skill
31. A. angrily B. bravely C. carefully D. curiously
32. A. opening B. substitute C. boundary D. scratch
33. A. breathed B. said C. jumped D. complained
34. A. significance B. truth C. desire D. idea
35. A. primitive B. perfect C. horrible D. cheap
36. A. necessary B. easy C. disgusting D. impossible
37. A. hire B. appear C. miss D. slip
38. A. obtain B. tap C. change D. classify
39. A. wound B. punishment C. concept D. advantage
40 A. failure B. meaning C. system D. border
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过给女儿修补鞋子和妻子修补裙子的故事，告诉我们：既然我们无法改变生活中伤害、疾病的存在，我们所能做的和必须做的，就是用补丁一片片地抚平伤口，努力在伤口上开出最美的花，这就是生命的意义。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把它们带到鞋匠那里修理。A. cleaned清洁；B. repaired修理；C. sold卖；D. painted上油漆。根据上文“my daughter’s favorite shoes were cut with a knife”可知，作者把鞋带到鞋匠那里修理。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻的学徒飞快地看了一眼切口，说：“除了换鞋面，我什么也做不了。”A. glanced一瞥，看一眼；B. arrived到达；C. laughed笑；D. called打电话。根据下文“at the cuts quickly”可知，年轻的学徒飞快地看了一眼切口，空格处是glanced，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻的学徒飞快地看了一眼伤口，说：“除了换鞋面，我什么也做不了。”A. comb梳；B. replace取代；C. congratulate祝贺；D. invent发明。根据上文“my daughter’s favorite shoes were cut with a knife”可知，鞋被刀子划了，所以此处表示“除了换鞋面，我什么也做不了”。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你相信我，我会在两只鞋上再划几刀。A. seize抓住；B. cast投射（光，影）；C. add增加；D. ferry摆渡。根据下文“more cuts to both of the shoes”可知，此处是说“在两只鞋上再划几刀”，空格处意为“增加”。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很困惑，问为什么。A. delighted高兴的；B. convinced确信的；C. dynamic充满活力的；D. confused困惑的。根据下文“asked why”可知，作者很困惑，问为什么。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，“好像是为了特殊的风格而特意剪的。”A. explained解释；B. expected期待；C. asked问；D. whistled吹口哨。根据上文“asked why”可知，作者问为什么，所以那个师傅是在解释。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有完全理解他的意思，但我决定把鞋子留在那里。A. assume设想；B. arrest逮捕；C. leave留下；D. forget忘记。根据下文“Two days later, I went to collect the shoes”可知，作者把鞋留在那儿了。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一眼，我发现每只鞋上确实有更多的切口，但它们都被红色的线装饰着。A. attempt企图；B. sight看见；C. hand手；D. light光线。根据下文“I found”可知，句子表示“第一眼，我发现每只鞋上确实有更多的切口”，at first sight意为“初看起来”。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一眼，我发现每只鞋上确实有更多切口，但它们都被红色的线装饰着。A. occupied占据；B. filled填满；C. decorated装饰；D. mixed混合。根据下文“with red thread”可知，此处表示“被红色的线装饰着”。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不得不称赞他的技巧。A. regulation规则；B. plot情节；C. antique古董；D. skill技巧。根据上文“The shoes looked more unique and interesting than ever”可知，鞋更独特了，所以作者想称赞鞋匠的技巧。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我妻子仔细检查了一下，说：“我自己会修理它。”A. angrily生气地；B. bravely勇敢地；C. carefully仔细地；D. curiously好奇地。根据下文“I’ll mend it myself”可知，作者妻子仔细检查了一下，然后决定自己补。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：三天后，当我再次看到这条裙子时，我震惊了：它的开口已经被细细的白线补好了，看起来像一朵花。A. opening开口；B. substitute替代物；C. boundary分界线；D. scratch划痕，划伤。根据上文“my wife’s white skirt had an opening”可知，句子表示“它的开口已经被细细的白线补好了”。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我赞赏地说：“它就像一件艺术品一样漂亮！”A. breathed呼吸；B. said说；C. jumped跳；D. complained抱怨。根据下文“It’s just as beautiful as a piece of art”可知，此处表示作者赞赏地说。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从那个鞋匠那里得到了灵感。A. significance意义；B. truth真相；C. desire欲望；D. idea想法，主意。根据下文“from that shoemaker”可知，此处表示“我从那个鞋匠那里得到了灵感”，空格处用idea。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：补丁应该是丑陋的，但一个熟练的人可以使它看起来完美。A. primitive原始的；B. perfect完美；C. horrible可怕的；D. cheap便宜。根据上文“It’s just as beautiful as a piece of art”可知，妻子把裙子补得很好，因此此处表示“一个熟练的人可以使它看起来完美”。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的话让我思考：完美是不可能做到的；补丁是不可避免的，人的生命也是如此，它会以损伤、残疾或疾病的形式出现。A. necessary必要的；B. easy简单的；C. disgusting恶心的；D. impossible不可能的。根据下文“patches are unavoidable”可知，句子表示“完美是不可能做到的；补丁是不可避免的”。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的话让我思考：完美是不可能做到的；补丁是不可避免的，人的生命也是如此，它会以损伤、残疾或疾病的形式出现。A. hire租用；B. appear出现；C. miss错过；D. slip滑倒。根据下文“in the form of injury, disability or disease”可知，句子表示“人的生命也是如此，它会以损伤、残疾或疾病的形式出现”。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：既然你无法改变他们的存在，你所能做的和必须做的，就是用补丁来处理伤口，尽你最大的努力在伤口上开出一朵最美的花，这就是生命的意义。A. obtain得到；B. tap轻拍；C. change改变；D. classify分类。根据上文“perfection is ___16___ to achieve in everything; patches are unavoidable, so is human’s life, which will ___17___ in the form of injury, disability or disease”可知，此处表示既然你无法改变损伤、残疾或疾病的存在。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：既然你无法改变他们的存在，你所能做的和必须做的，就是用补丁来处理伤口，尽你最大的努力在伤口上开出一朵最美的花，这就是生命的意义。A. wound伤口；B. punishment惩罚；C. concept概念；D. advantage优点。根据下文“on the wound”可知，此处表示“用补丁来处理伤口”。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：既然你无法改变他们的存在，你所能做的和必须做的，就是用补丁来处理伤口，尽你最大的努力在伤口上开出一朵最美的花，这就是生命的意义。A. failure失败；B. meaning意义；C. system系统；D. border边界。根据上文“try your best to bloom a most beautiful flower on the wound”可知，句子表示“用补丁来处理伤口，尽你最大的努力在伤口上开出一朵最美的花，这就是生命的意义”。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you heard of the Huangjuewan Ovepass (立交桥)? It ____41____(lie) in the city of Chongqing in China. It went through years of planning and actual construction work.
When its first few photos hit the Internet, many people were ____42____(worry), wondering how less-experienced drivers could find their way with so many ramps (岔道) and routes to choose ____43____. Some commented that you would ____44____(force) to drive around the entire city if you took the wrong ramp. Others wondered whether their GPS systems would be of any help, ____45____(consider) the five vertical levels the ramps are positioned on.
However, many people say the concerns about using the overpass don’t ____46____(actual) exist. And Liu Bangjun, ____47____worked as the lead designer, says the many ramps are necessary to make ____48____easier to go over the overpass. Why?
Because the overpass connects many roads, designers have considered human error and added extra ramps ____49____(assist) drivers in turning around faster. And in case of choosing the wrong route, drivers have ____50____exit option within a few minutes, and it’s easy to see road signs. So althoughthe ramps go in many different directions, drivers shouldn’t be too worried.
【答案】41. lies
42. worried
43. from 44. be forced
45. considering
46. actually
47. who 48. it
49. to assist 50. an
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述很多人担心经验不足的司机会在5层的黄桷湾立交桥中走错路，其实不必担心，设计师考虑到人为失误，增加了额外的坡道，以帮助司机更快地转弯，如果走错了，司机还可以在几分钟内选择退出，而且很容易看到路标。
【41题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它位于中国的重庆市。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语It是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数lies，故填lies。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当它最初的几张照片上传到网上时，许多人都很担心，想知道经验不足的司机如何在这么多坡道和路线中找到路。空格处用形容词作表语，主语people是人，用ed结尾的形容词worried修饰，意为“担心的”，故填worried。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：当它最初的几张照片上传到网上时，许多人都很担心，想知道经验不足的司机如何在这么多坡道和路线中找到路。根据语境可知，句子表示“经验不足的司机如何在这么多坡道和路线中找到路”，也就是从这么多的坡道和路线选择路线，“从……选择”是choose from，故填from。
【44题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：一些人评论说，如果你走错了坡道，你将被迫在整个城市里俯冲。主语you和force之间为被动关系，且空前有情态动词would，因此空格处填be done，即be forced，构成含情态动词的被动语态。故填be forced。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：另一些人则想知道他们的GPS系统是否会有所帮助，因为坡道的垂直位置有五层。句中谓语是wondered，结合句意，空处应填介词considering表示“鉴于，考虑到”。故填considering。
46题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，许多人表示，使用立交桥的担忧实际上并不存在。空格处用副词actually修饰动词exist，actually意为“实际上”，故填actually。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：担任首席设计师的Liu Bangjun表示，为了让人们更方便地通过立交桥，有必要设置许多坡道。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Liu Bangjun是人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故填who。
【48题详解】
考查代词。句意：担任首席设计师的Liu Bangjun表示，为了让人们更方便地通过立交桥，有必要设置许多坡道。make it easy to do是固定短语，意为“让做某事变得容易”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式，故填it。
【49题详解】
考查不定式。句意：由于立交桥连接了许多道路，设计师考虑到人为失误，增加了额外的坡道，以帮助司机更快地转弯。根据语境可知，句子表示“设计师考虑到人为失误，增加了额外的坡道，以帮助司机更快地转弯”，因此空格处用不定式表目的，故填to assist。
【50题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如果选择了错误的路线，司机可以在几分钟内选择退出，而且很容易看到路标。option意为“选择”，是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，exit是元音音素开头，不定冠词用an，故填an。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
To inspire us students to take exercise outdoor and build all of us up, so our school organized a sports meeting. Hundreds of students take an active part. The meeting included various events designing for all students. Among them the 4×100m relay made the strongest impression us. With great cheers, the athlete set out for the finishing line in high spirits. All the players presented our best performance during these events. Everyone felt happy with that they had gained from the activity. It taught us the meaning of unity, let us enjoy a colorful school life but made our friendship strong than before. We really hope our school can hold such interesting and useful activities more.
【答案】1. outdoor→outdoors
2.去掉so
3.take→took
4.designing→designed
5.在impression后加on
6.athlete→athletes
7.our→their
8.that→what
9.but→and
10.strong→stronger
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了一次学校运动会。
【详解】1. 考查副词。句意：为了鼓励我们学生到户外锻炼，使我们大家都强壮起来，我们学校组织了一次运动会。outdoor是形容词，意为“户外的”，而此处表示“在户外”，应用副词outdoors作状语。故将outdoor改为outdoor。
2.考查连词。句意：为了鼓励我们学生到户外锻炼，使我们大家都强壮起来，我们学校组织了一次运动会。“To inspire us students to take exercise outdoors and build all of us up”是目的状语，our school organized a sports meeting是主句，so是多余的，故去掉so。
3.考查时态。句意：数百名学生积极参加了活动。句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，take改为过去式took，故将take改为took。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：运动会包括为所有学生设计的各种活动。句子谓语是included，design用非谓语动词，events和design之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故将designing改为designed。
5.考查介词。句意：其中4×100m接力给我们留下了最深刻的印象。make an impression on sb.是固定短语，意为“给某人留下印象”，因此us前加介词on，故在impression后加on。
6.考查名词的复数。句意：在欢呼声中，运动员们兴高采烈地向终点线出发了。athlete是可数名词，不止一个，因此用复数，故将athlete改为athletes。
7.考查物主代词。句意：在这些比赛中，所有的运动员都发挥出了最好的水平。此处表示“所有的运动员都发挥出了他们最好的水平”，“他们的”是their，因此是their best performance ，故将our改为their。
8.考查宾语从句。句意：每个人都对他们从活动中获得的东西感到高兴。“they had gained from the activity”是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“每个人都对他们从活动中获得的东西感到高兴”，因此用what引导宾语从句，故将that改为what。
9.考查连词。句意：它教会了我们团结的意义，让我们享受丰富多彩的校园生活，使我们的友谊比以前更加牢固。taught us the meaning of unity和made our friendship strong than before之间是并列关系，句子是肯定句，用and连接两句话，故将but改为and。
10.考查比较级。句意：它教会了我们团结的意义，让我们享受丰富多彩的校园生活，使我们的友谊比以前更加牢固。由than可知，strong要用比较级stronger。故将strong改为stronger。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，你校英文社团正在招募学生周日为外国来访者讲解校史，请你用英文给MissYang写一封申请信参与招募，内容包括：
1．写信目的；
2．个人优势；
3．希望被录取。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Miss Yang,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Miss Yang,
I’m Li Hua and I’m writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer.
Firstly, I am an outgoing girl and I can get along well with others. Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am elected as an assistant to my English teacher. In addition, I am very familiar with the history of our school, which will help me to introduce our school to foreign visitors. I will be grateful if you could give me a kind consideration.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给MissYang写一封信，申请周日为外国来访者讲解校史。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：firstly→in the first place
另外：besides→moreover
感激的：grateful→thankful
另外：in addition→what’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, I am an outgoing girl and I can get along well with others.
拓展句：Firstly, I am an outgoing girl, which enables me to get along well with others.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am elected as an assistant to my English teacher.. (运用了such...that...引导的结果状语从句)
[高分句型2] In addition, I am very familiar with the history of our school, which will help me to introduce our school to foreign visitors. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)