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2022-2023学年新疆乌鲁木齐市重点中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年新疆乌鲁木齐市重点中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共26页。试卷主要包含了请将答案正确填写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。
乌鲁木齐市重点中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试
英语试卷
考试总分：100分 考试时间：80分钟
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
请点击修改第I卷的文字说明
一、完形填空(共15分)
(本题15分)You should see the photo. I’m sitting in red dirt, ____1____ an ugly purple T-shirt. My face is pink and my hair is wet with sweat. Flies buzz around my head. I’m in the northwest of Australia, on a school trip with 20 parents and 20 kids.
It was a strange choice for a holiday. I like sitting by the pool with a cola, not flies and frogs. I like being ____2____ and quiet, not a busload of kids. I like ____3____ washed sheets, not dirty-looking blankets.
But here’s the thing about that photo: I am smiling!
The trip sounded good when I ____4____. We were told that guides would take us into the heart of the place and I would see a new part of Australia and learn about local ____5____. Besides I knew it would be a valuable chance for me to stay with my youngest daughter. I would also stay with 40 strangers. I just hope there would be good coffee.
In Darwin we got onto a bus. It quickly became tiresome. The kids were ____6____ and kept on talking but I hate making small talk.
But later when I looked out at the large empty land, I was surprised at and moved by its ____7____. Our local guide told us about the land and his culture. I felt far from home.
Finally we reached our ____8____. There the small room I shared with my daughter was a brick cell, full of crickets (蟋蟀), but too dark to see them.
It didn’t matter. The next nine days were ____9____. Waterfalls, lakes, community visits, and a trip around Katherine Gorge where we even saw giant crocodiles!
On our last night, a water pipe (管子) ____10____. We awoke to a mess, everything in water. Usually I would have ____11____, but it just seemed ____12____ to be dirty.
Indeed, it was ____13____ to stay clean. We were hiking in red dirt with temperatures of 35 degrees. Still, I felt a kind of energy I hadn’t ____14____ in years.
Yes, the coffee was bad, but I was too focused on keeping crickets off my face.
I love that photo of me in the dirt. I look messy but happy. Sometimes it’s another way of traveling. There is beautiful ____15____ and there is dirt. There was always someone to talk to, someone to laugh with.
1．(1分)A．washing B．wearing C．waving D．watching
2．(1分)A．noisy B．busy C．alone D．shy
3．(1分)A．shortly B．cautiously C．freshly D．clearly
4．(1分)A．signed up B．showed up C．stood up D．woke up
5．(1分)A．guide B．business C．culture D．resource
6．(1分)A．silent B．encouraged C．moody D．excited
7．(1分)A．coldness B．beauty C．enthusiasm D．emptiness
8．(1分)A．goal B．agreement C．destination D．decision
9．(1分)A．killed B．packed C．wasted D．booked
10．(1分)A．cut B．expanded C．shortened D．broke
11．(1分)A．scared B．complained C．laughed D．saddened
12．(1分)A．normal B．strange C．unbelievable D．perfect
13．(1分)A．impossible B．probable C．easy D．important
14．(1分)A．tested B．stored C．valued D．experienced
15．(1分)A．dress B．weather C．scenery D．room
二、阅读理解(共30分)
(本题6分)Best places to see wildlife in Canada
Whether you’re keen to see the mysterious spirit bears or listen to the songs of beluga whales, Canada’s varied landform offers dozens of wildlife adventures that are bound to impress you. So grab your camera and set out for a few of the best places to see Canada’s incredible wildlife.
Search for the mysterious spirit bears in the Great Bear Rainforest,British Columbia
Spirit bears are one of the most special animals found in Canada.They are a rare species protected by Canada and can only be found in the Great Bear Rainforest. which is a remote protected area mainly accessible by boat.
Listen to beluga whales sing in Churchill,Manitoba
About 136,000 beluga whales can be found here in Canadian waters in the summer.They are white in color and are nicknamed the“canaries(金丝雀)of the sea”thanks to the sounds they make, which are used to navigate.
Spot a moose (麇鹿) or two at Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario
The moose are one of the most-loved species in Canada,but are surprisingly difficult to find in the wild. If you have your heart set on seeing a moose or two,head to Algonquin provincial Park in Ontario, where you might catch sight of them at dusk or dawn, especially in the spring.
Witness the monarch butterfly migration at Point Pelee National Park,Ontario
Every year thousands of monarch butterflies migrate from Canada to Mexico,where the spend the winter. One of the main points of this migration route is Point Pelee National Park in Ontario. Head there just before sunset or early in the morning for the best views
16．(2分)Which species is unique to Canada?
A．Spirit bears. B．Beluga whales.
C．Moose. D．Monarch butterflies.
17．(2分)What time is it most probably to spot a moose?
A．At dusk in the winter.
B．At dawn in the spring.
C．At midday in the autumn.
D．After sunset in the summer.
18．(2分)If you’re an insect lover, which attracts you best?
A．Churchill, Manitoba,
B．Algonquin Provincial Park,Ontario.
C．Point Pelee National Park,Ontario.
D．The Great Bear Rainforest,British Columbia.
(本题8分)You may not know it, but your brain is already an amazing vocabulary learning machine. When you read or listen to something, your brain doesn’t take each word at face value: it’s continuously taking statistics about which words appear together regularly so that it can expect what’s coming next and process speech faster.
Our brains continuously release electrical signals, which change depending on what task your brain is dealing with. Scientists can use a technique to read some of these to study how your brain processes language.
One of these signals, called N400, changes depending on whether words make sense in context or not. The N400 is relatively small for expected word combinations, like coffee and cream, and increases in height for unexpected word combinations, like coffee and cap. This means that scientists can read the N400 height to analyze the kind of expectations you have about which words usually appear together.
In language learners, the N400 changes based on proficiency （熟练程度）. The better people get at a language, the closer their N400 pattern is to native speaker’s. This means that an important part of language proficiency is taking statistics and building expectations about what words usually appear together, just as native speakers do.
To get better at this, we need to flood our brains with loads of natural content, so we can build up a picture of which kinds of words usually appear together. Reading is a great way to do this and there’s lots of research that shows that reading works wonders for your vocabulary skills.
However, it is important to remember that if there are too many unknown words, it can be difficult to figure out what they mean from the context. And it is unpleasant having to stop every two miles to look up a word. Graded readers, which are books adapted to make them easier to understand at lower levels, are perfect for learners of foreign languages.
19．(2分)What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1?
A．To state a fact. B．To offer a suggestion.
C．To make a comparison. D．To propose a definition.
20．(2分)What does it mean if the N400 increases?
A．We make sense of some word combinations in a context.
B．We combine some new words to make a sentence.
C．We memorize some word combinations to learn a language.
D．We meet some word combinations beyond our expectations.
21．(2分)How can we have a native speaker-like N400 pattern according to the author?
A．By reading some books about vocabulary skills.
B．By reading lots of natural content.
C．By reading loads of books about nature and drawing pictures.
D．By reading authentic content to increase our vocabulary.
22．(2分)What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．It is more beneficial to read easy books.
B．It is important to look up new words.
C．We should mainly read adapted books.
D．We should choose materials right for our level.
(本题8分)When a chunk of ice fell from a collapsing glacier(冰川)on the Swiss Alps’ Mount Eiger in 2017, part of the long deep sound it produced was too low for human ears to detect. But these vibrations held a key to calculating the ice avalanche’s(崩塌)critical characteristics.
Low-frequency sound waves called infrasound that travel great distances through the atmosphere are already used to monitor active volcanoes from afar. Now some researchers in this field have switched focus from fire to ice: dangerous blocks snapping off glaciers. Previous work has analyzed infrasound from snow avalanches but never ice, says Boise State University geophysicist Jeffrey Johnson. “This was different,” Johnson says. “A signature of a new material has been detected with infrasound.”
Usually glaciers move far too slowly to generate an infrasound signal, which researchers pick up using detectors that track slight changes in air pressure. But a collapse—a sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier’s main body—is a prolific infrasound producer. Glacial collapses drive ice avalanches, which pose an increasing threat to people in mountainous regions as rising temperatures weaken large fields of ice. A glacier “can become detached from the ground due to melting, causing bigger break— offs,” says University of Florence geologist Emanuele Marchetti, lead author of the new study. As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.
Researchers often use radar to track ice avalanches, which is precise but expensive and can monitor only one specific location and neighboring avalanche paths. Infrasound, Marchetti says, is cheaper and can detect break—off events around a much broader area as well as multiple avalanches across a mountain. It is challenging, however, to separate a signal into its components (such as traffic noises, individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes) without additional measurements, says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. “The model used by Marchetti is a first approximation for this,” she says. Isolating the relevant signal helps the researchers monitor an ice avalanche’s speed, path and volume from afar using infrasound.
Marchetti and his colleagues are now working to improve their detectors to pick up more signals across at-risk regions in Europe, and they have set up collaborations around the continent to better understand signals that collapsing glaciers produce. They are also refining their mathematical analysis to figure out each ice cascade’s physical details.
23．(2分)What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3?
A．Infrasound has a major role to play in discovering new materials.
B．Ice avalanches are a bigger threat to people than volcanic eruptions.
C．Researchers are trying to use infrasound in detecting ice avalanches.
D．Scientists employ infrasound more in mountain areas than in other places.
24．(2分)Which is an advantage of infrasound over radar?
A．The combination with other relevant signals.
B．The accuracy in locating a certain avalanche.
C．The ability in picking up signals in wider areas.
D．The sensitivity in tracking air pressure changes.
25．(2分)The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refers to________.
A．distinguishing different components of a signal
B．detecting multiple avalanches at the same time
C．calculating the speed and path of ice avalanches
D．monitoring the specific location of ice break—offs
26．(2分)Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．From Fire to Ice B．Glacier Whispers
C．Nature is Warning D．Secret of Ice Avalanches
(本题8分)A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Sunday, according to the China National Tourism Administration (CNTA). That is an increase of 7 percent compared with the last year’s Spring Festival. About 374, 000 trips were organized by travel agencies, a 2.5 percent increase.
The CNTA also reported growth from individual and high-end(高端的) travelers and said that in addition to top and coastal cities, inland cities such as those in Guangxi — became important source markets. With many Chinese now traveling abroad during the Spring Festival, their choice of destinations has expanded along with their growing interest in foreign cultures and services.
“Chinese tourists are increasingly willing to experience local cultures and services, including staying in private homes, appreciating plants and watching monkeys,” Li Xuejing, an agency’s marketing manager, said.
Miss Guo, a Chinese tourist, who was vacationing on an island in Philippines, said, “I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives.”
Another choice is Britain. Though the devaluation(货币贬值) of the pound is a factor, Britain’s rich history and famous education tradition have caught the eye of Chinese.
27．(2分)How many trips were made to foreign countries during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday?
A．6,150,000. B．2,500,000. C．7,000,000. D．374,000.
28．(2分)What can we learn about some inland cities in Guangxi?
A．They’re reported to have become important tourist attractions.
B．They’re famous for all kinds of plants and monkeys.
C．They have many hot springs.
D．They have become important source markets.
29．(2分)What will Miss Guo do on her vacation according to the text?
A．Go shopping for gifts. B．Study foreign cultures.
C．Relax and enjoy herself. D．Chat with her relatives.
30．(2分)Where does the text probably come from?
A．A guide book. B．A newspaper.
C．A science magazine. D．An advertisement.
第II卷（非选择题）
请点击修改第II卷的文字说明
三、七选五(共10分)
(本题10分)Science can help you improve your study methods. For more than 100 years, psychologists have done research on which study habits work best. Here are 4 tips to improve your study habits.
Space out your studying
Nate Kornell, a psychologist at Williams College, thinks it’s a good idea to study the day before a big test. ___31(2分)___ . Instead, space out those study sessions. Kornell compares our memory to water in a cup. Try to refill the cup while it’s still full, and you can’t add much more water. Allow time between study sessions, and some of the material may drip out of your memory. But then you’ll be able to relearn it and learn more in your next study session.
Practice, practice, practice!
Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills. ___32(2分)___ “If you want to be able to remember information, the best thing you can do is practice,” says Katherine Rawson.
Test yourself
Scientist Nebel suggests. “ ___33(2分)___ Put questions on one side and the answers on the other side of the card and try to quiz yourself the way the teacher asks questions.” she adds. “It will be of great help.”
___34(2分)___
It’s hard to remember a string of facts and figures if you don’t push further. Ask why things are a certain way. How did they come about? Why do they matter? Psychologists call this elaboration. It’s taking class material and asking a lot of how and why questions about it. This helps you combine new information with other things you know. And it creates a bigger network in your brain of things that relate to one another. ___35(2分)___ .
A．Dig deeper
B．Try your best
C．Of course, nothing can replace studying with your mother
D．The same should go for learning
E．That larger network makes it easier to learn more and deeper
F．Create a pack of cards every time you learn new information
G．But research shows it’s a bad idea to force all your studying into that day
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文(共10分)
(本题10分)语法填空
In the past few years, more than half of bookstores in China have closed down, ____36(1分)____ is the result of the ____37(1分)____ (compete) from online bookstores. But the success of Sisyphe Bookstore, one of the ____38(1分)____ (big) privately-owned bookstore chains in China, may serve as ____39(1分)____ amazing example.
____40(1分)____ (found) in 1993, Sisyphe started to transform and upgrade its business in 2009 to seek its profitability. Now, it not only devotes itself to ____41(1分)____ (sell) books, but also combines the functions of bookstore, café and sale of creative cultural products. Sisyphe opens its bookstores in shopping malls in order to take advantage of the large number of consumers of shopping malls to sell its books, and it also ____42(1分)____ (able) people to enjoy spending time reading and drinking coffee. ____43(1分)____ return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so ____44(1分)____ is mutually (共同的) beneficial to have such cooperation.
So far, the government _____45(1分)_____ (offer) tax reduction for bookstores to encourage the development of physical bookstores. Perhaps it is early to say the boom of physical bookstores has come, but definitely, we see the light.
五、短文改错(共10分)
46．(本题10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Jim,
I’m very glad to hear from you. In your letter, you said you suffer from depression because of the heavy load of study and didn’t know how to get rid of it. Therefore, I am writing to offer you with some suggestions.
First of all, that is quite common for high school students to feel depressing sometimes. Which really matters is that you should face your problem and make up your mind to settle it. The most effectively way is to turn to teachers for help. They will surely provide you with useful and practical advices. Besides, take an active part in sports or you’ll feel more energetic than before. Hang out with friends is also good way to relax yourself.
I hope my suggestions can be of some help to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
六、建议信(共33分)
47．(本题33分)为了帮助学生健康成长，你校校报开辟了“Heart-To-Heart”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑Jennie，收到封署名为Worried的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：自己的英语作文写不好，语句乏味、无话可说，得不到好成绩，因此非常气馁。请你用英文给该同学写一封回信，内容包括：
1、表示理解并给予安慰；
2、提出建议：多阅读、多积累和模仿；
3、说明你建议的理由。
注意：写作词数：80-100
（信的开头语与结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）
Dear Worried,
I’m sorry to know that you’re having a bad time at the moment.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Jennie
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．B 12．A 13．A 14．D 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了作者在一次旅行中的经历和感受，虽然当时的处境和状况不是很好，但是却很快乐。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在红土上，穿着一件难看的紫色T恤。A. washing洗；B. wearing穿；C. waving挥舞；D. watching观看。根据“an ugly purple T-shirt（一件难看的紫色T恤）”可知，这里指作者穿着这件衣服。故选B。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢独处和安静，而不是一车孩子。A. noisy吵闹的；B. busy繁忙的；C. alone独自的；D. shy害羞的。根据and后面的形容词quiet（安静的）可知，应该选择alone与其并列，表示作者喜欢独处和安静。故选C。
3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢刚洗过的床单，不喜欢看起来脏兮兮的毯子。A. shortly立刻；B. cautiously小心地；C. freshly新，新近，刚才；D. clearly清楚地。根据“not dirty-looking blankets（不是看起来脏兮兮的毯子）”可知，作者喜欢新洗过的床单。故选C。
4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我报名时，这趟旅行听起来很不错。A. signed up报名；B. showed up出现；C. stood up站起来；D. woke up叫醒，醒来。根据“The trip sounded good.（这趟旅行听起来很不错。）”和“We were told that guides would take us into the heart of the place and I would see a new part of Australia.（我们被告知导游会带我们进入这个地方的中心以及我会看到澳大利亚的一个新地方。）”可知，这里描述的是作者报名这次旅行之时得到的信息。故选A。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们被告知导游会带我们进入这个地方的中心以及我会看到澳大利亚的一个新地方和了解当地的文化。A. guide向导；B. business商业；C. culture文化；D. resource资源。根据下文的“Our local guide told us about the land and his culture.（我们的当地导游向我们介绍了这片土地和其文化。）”可知，作者在导游的带领下，到一个新地方要了解当地的文化。故选C。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们很兴奋，不停地说着话，但我讨厌闲聊。A. silent沉默的；B. encouraged受到鼓励的；C. moody情绪化的；D. excited激动的，兴奋的。根据“kept on talking（不停地说着话）”可知，孩子们在旅途中很兴奋。故选D。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但后来当我看着这片空旷的土地时，我被它的美丽所震惊和感动。A. coldness冷淡；B. beauty美丽；C. enthusiasm热情；D. emptiness空虚，空旷。这里指作者被这片空旷的土地的美丽所震惊和感动。根据文章最后一段中的“There is beautiful …（那里有美丽的……）”和本句中的“I looked out at the large empty land（看着这片空旷的土地）”可知，作者向车外看时发现了美丽的景色，此处受empty一词的影响容易误选 emptiness，需注意。故选B。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们终于到达了目的地。A. goal目标；B. agreement同意；C. destination目的地；D. decision决定。根据下文的“There the small room I shared with my daughter was a brick cell, full of crickets, but too dark to see them.（我和女儿共用的小房间是一间砖房，里面全是蟋蟀，但屋内太暗了，看不到它们。）”可知，作者他们到达了旅游的目的地，来到了住宿的地方。故选C。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的九天都安排满了。A. killed消磨，杀死；B. packed挤满，打包；C. wasted浪费；D. booked预订。根据“Waterfalls, lakes, community visits, and a trip around Katherine Gorge where we even saw giant crocodiles!（瀑布、湖泊、社区参观，以及凯瑟琳峡谷之旅，在那里我们甚至看到了巨型鳄鱼！）”可知，接下来的九天满满地安排这些参观内容了。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨晚，一根水管坏掉了。A. cut砍；B. expanded 扩大；C. shortened缩短；D. broke破裂，损坏。根据后句“We awoke to a mess, everything in water.（我们醒来时一团糟，一切都在水中。）”可知，水管坏掉了。故选D。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常我会抱怨，但这次看起来脏是正常的。A. scared使害怕；B. complained抱怨；C. laughed大笑；D. saddened使悲伤。根据第3题的分析可知，作者喜欢干净，所以说对于这种状况作者通常会抱怨。故选B。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常我会抱怨，但这次看起来脏是正常的。A. normal正常的；B. strange奇怪的；C. unbelievable难以置信的；D. perfect完美的。根据上一题的分析可知，作者通常会抱怨脏乱的情况，再由but（表示转折）可知，这次到没什么的了，即能够正常对待这种情况了。故选A。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，要保持干净是不可能的。A. impossible不可能的；B. probable可能的；C. easy容易的；D. important重要的。根据第8题和第10题的分析可知，这样的状况下要保持干净是不可能的。故选A。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我仍然感到一种多年未体验过的活力。A. tested测试；B. stored储存；C. valued珍视；D. experienced经历，体验。根据“. We were hiking in red dirt with temperatures of 35 degrees. （我们在 35 度的红土地面上徒步旅行。）”和“Yes, the coffee was bad, but I was too focused on keeping crickets off my face.（是的，咖啡很糟糕，但我很专注于让蟋蟀远离我的脸。）”可知，作者在这里感受到了很多以往未曾感受过的事情。故选D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里有美丽的风景，也有泥土。A. dress服装；B. weather天气；C. scenery风景；D. room房间。根据第9题的分析可知，作者一行人看到了美丽的景色，此外由dirt一词的提示，scenery与其构成对比，合乎语境。故选C。
16．A 17．B 18．C
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加拿大几个观赏野生动物的好去处。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“They are a rare species protected by Canada and can only be found in the Great Bear Rainforest. which is a remote protected area mainly accessible by boat. (它们是加拿大保护的稀有物种，只能在大熊雨林中找到。这是个偏远的保护区，主要可以乘船到达)”可知，白灵熊是加拿大独有的物种。故选A项。
17．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“If you have your heart set on seeing a moose or two, head to Algonquin provincial Park in Ontario, where you might catch sight of them at dusk or dawn, especially in the spring. (如果你一心想看一两只驼鹿，那就去安大略省的阿尔冈昆省立公园吧，在那里你可能会在黄昏或黎明看到它们，尤其是在春天。)”可知，最有可能看到麋鹿的时间是春季的黄昏或黎明。故选B项。
18．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Every year thousands of monarch butterflies migrate from Canada to Mexico, where the spend the winter. One of the main points of this migration route is Point Pelee National Park in Ontario. (每年有成千上万只帝王蝶从加拿大迁徙到墨西哥过冬。这条迁徙路线的主要景点之一是安大略省的佩利角国家公园)”可知，如果你喜欢昆虫，可以去Point Pelee National Park观赏帝王蝶。故选C项。
19．A 20．D 21．B 22．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了我们的大脑是一个词汇学习机器，研究者用N400来研究了大脑是如何处理我们所遇到的单词组合，并且提出学习语言时，应选择适合自己水平的读本。
19．推理判断题。根据文章第一段首句“You may not know it, but your brain is already an amazing vocabulary learning machine.（你可能不知道，但是你的大脑已经是一个很好的词汇学习机器。）”可知，后文举例说明你的大脑是一个很好的词汇学习机器，故第一段的目的是为了陈述我们的大脑是词汇学习机器的这个事实，故选A。
20．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The N400 is relatively small for expected word combinations, like coffee and cream, and increases in height for unexpected word combinations, like coffee and cap.（对于预料中的单词组合，比如说咖啡和冰淇淋，N400相对来说比较低；但是对于预料之外的单词组合时，比如说咖啡和帽子，N400就会增加。）”可知，如果N400上升的话，那就意味着我们遇到了意料之外的单词组合，故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“To get better at this, we need to flood our brains with loads of natural content, so we can build up a picture of which kinds of words usually appear together.（为了更擅长这点，我们需要让我们大脑充满自然的语言内容，这样的话，我们就能在大脑里建造一副图片，图片里是哪些单词通常一起出现。）”可知，如果我们想要像本土人一样的N400模式，我们需要读很多的自然语言内容，故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Graded readers, which are books adapted to make them easier to understand at lower levels, are perfect for learners of foreign languages.（分级读本对于外语学习者来说是最好的选择，因为它们是改编读本，主要是为了较低水平的阅读者能更容易理解。）”可知，在选择阅读读本时，我们应该根据自己的水平选择适合的读本，这样的话才有利于学习，故选D。
23．C 24．C 25．A 26．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍冰崩会发出大量的次声波，研究人员正在尝试用次声探测技术来检测和探测冰崩。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Previous work has analyzed infrasound from snow avalanches but never ice, says Boise State University geophysicist Jeffrey Johnson. （博伊西州立大学的地球物理学家Jeffrey Johnson说，之前的工作分析过雪崩的次声，但从未分析过冰的次声）”和第三段的“But a collapse—a sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier’s main body—is a prolific infrasound producer.（但是冰川的崩塌——冰川主体的冰突然迅速断裂——是大量次声的产生者）”和“As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.（随着威胁的增加，科学家们寻求新的方法来监测和探测这种崩塌）”可知，从第二和第三段我们知道研究人员正试图利用次声探测冰崩。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Researchers often use radar to track ice avalanches, which is precise but expensive and can monitor only one specific location and neighboring avalanche paths. Infrasound, Marchetti says, is cheaper and can detect break—off events around a much broader area as well as multiple avalanches across a mountain.（研究人员经常使用雷达来跟踪冰雪崩，这种方法精确但昂贵，而且只能监测一个特定的位置和邻近的雪崩路径。马尔凯蒂说，次声探测技术成本更低，可以探测到更广阔的区域附近的断裂事件，以及山脉上的多次雪崩）”可知，和雷达相比次声探测的优势是能接收更大范围内的信号。故选C。
25．词句猜测题。分析句子可知，句中this应指代上文出现的内容。根据第四段的“It is challenging, however, to separate a signal into its components (such as traffic noises, individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes) without additional measurements, says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. （然而，苏黎世联邦理工学院的冰川学家Malgorzata Chmiel说，在没有额外测量的情况下，将一个信号分解成它的组成部分(如交通噪音、单独的雪崩和附近的地震)是一项挑战）”推知，this指代“区分信号的成分”，即马尔凯蒂使用的模型是区分信号成分的初步近似（该模型能区分出信号的不同成分）。故选A。
26．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“But these vibrations held a key to calculating the ice avalanche’s(崩塌)critical characteristics.（但这些振动是计算冰崩临界特性的关键）”和第三段的“But a collapse—a sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier’s main body—is a prolific infrasound producer.（但是冰川的崩塌——冰川主体的冰突然迅速断裂——是大量次声的产生者）”和“As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.（随着威胁的增加，科学家们寻求新的方法来监测和探测这种崩塌）”可知，冰崩会发出大量的次声波，研究人员正在尝试用次声探测技术来检测和探测冰崩。故B项“冰川低语”可以作为本文标题，吸引读者。故选B。
27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国人在春节假期选择出游的人数急剧增长。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Sunday, according to the China National Tourism Administration (CNTA).(据中国国家旅游局发布的数据，在周日结束的7天春节假期中，中国内地游客出境旅游达到615万人次)”可知，去国外旅游的人数达到615万人。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The CNTA also reported growth from individual and high-end(高端的) travelers and said that in addition to top and coastal cities, inland cities such as those in Guangxi — became important source markets.(国家旅游局还报告了个人和高端游客的增长，并表示，除了顶级和沿海城市，广西等内陆城市成为了重要的客源市场)”可知，一些广西的内陆城市也成了重要的客源市场。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段中“I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives.(我现在更注重假期的放松和享受，而不是购物或为亲戚挑选礼物)”可知，郭小姐现在更注重放松和娱乐。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据第一段“A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Sunday, according to the China National Tourism Administration (CNTA). That is an increase of 7 percent compared with the last year’s Spring Festival. About 374, 000 trips were organized by travel agencies, a 2.5 percent increase.(据中国国家旅游局发布的数据，在周日结束的7天春节假期中，中国内地游客出境旅游达到615万人次。这比去年春节增长了7%。旅行社组织的旅行约37.4万人次，增长2.5%)”再结合全文主要介绍了中国人在春节期间去国外旅游的人数急剧增长的社会现象，故推测本文应该是选自报纸的新闻。故选B。
31．G 32．D 33．F 34．A 35．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个改变学习习惯的方法。
31．根据空前“Nate Kornell, a psychologist at Williams College, thinks it’s a good idea to study the day before a big test. ”（威廉姆斯学院心理学家内特 · 科内尔认为，在大考前一天学习是个好主意。）根据空后instead可知，后文说明的是相反的想法，G选项“ 但是研究表明，把你所有的学习都强加到那一天是一个坏主意。”切题，故选G。
32．根据空前“Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills.”（音乐家练习乐器，运动员练习运动技巧。）以及空后“If you want to be able to remember information, the best thing you can do is practice,“ says Katherine Rawson.”（“如果你想记住信息，最好的办法就是练习,”凯瑟琳 · 罗森说。）可知，学习也要勤加练习，D项“学习也是一样。”空后是对前文的解释，符合题意，故选D。
33．根据下文“Put questions on one side and the answers on the other side of the card and try to quiz yourself the way the teacher asks questions.”she adds. “It will be of great help.””（把问题放在卡片的一边，把答案放在卡片的另一边，试着像老师问问题那样自问自答。”她补充道。“这会有很大的帮助。”）讲述了在卡片的两边分别写上问题和答案对于学习是很有帮助意义的。所以空处应说明可以利用卡片学习新知识。选项F“每次你学到新信息的时候都要制作一副卡片。”符合题意，故选F。
34．根据下文“It’s hard to remember a string of facts and figures if you don’t push further. ”（如果你不进一步努力，就很难记住一连串的事实和数字。）可知，要记住一连串的事实和数字，就需要你进一步努力，选项A“深入挖掘。”选项中deeper与further形成对应，切题，故选A。
35．根据前一句“And it creates a bigger network in your brain of things that relate to one another.”（它在你的大脑中创造了一个更大的，相互关联的事物网络。）可知，空处应讲述更大的网络的作用。E项“那个更大的网络使学习更多更深入变得更容易。”选项中“That larger network ”的指代前一句中的“ a bigger network”，切题，故选E。
36．which 37．competition 38．biggest 39．an 40．Founded 41．selling 42．enables 43．In 44．it 45．has offered
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了在中国超过一半的实体书店倒闭的前提下，最大的私营连锁书店之一的Sisyphe是如何取得成功的。
36．考查关系代词。句意：过去几年，中国超过一半的书店倒闭，这是来自网络书店竞争的结果。分析句意可知，此处逗号后为非限定性定语从句，先行词为主句整个句子，故使用关系代词which引导，在从句中作主语。故填which。
37．考查名词。句意：过去几年，中国超过一半的书店倒闭，这是来自网络书店竞争的结果。空格前有定冠词the和介词of，此处应用动词compete“竞争”的名词形式competition“竞争”作宾语，表示“竞争”这一概念，为不可数名词，故填competition。
38．考查形容词最高级。句意：但中国最大的私营连锁书店之一的Sisyphe的成功，可能是一个惊人的例子。分析句意可知，此处形容词big“大的”需要改为最高级biggest，因为形容词最高级前需要加定冠词，而空格前为one of the“其中之一”符合该结构要求。故填biggest。
39．考查不定冠词。句意：但中国最大的私营连锁书店之一的Sisyphe的成功，可能是一个惊人的例子。分析句意可知，此处需要填写不定冠词an，因为空格后的名词example “例子”为可数名词，故需要不定冠词表示单数概念，且空格后形容词amazing“惊人的”为元音音素开头。故填an。
40．考查过去分词。句意：Sisyphe成立于1993年，2009年开始转型和升级业务，以寻求盈利能力。分析句意可知，空格处使用动词found“创立”的过去分词形式founded作状语，因为其与主语“Sisyphe”为被动关系，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Founded。
41．考查动名词。句意：现在，它不仅致力于销售书籍，还结合了书店、咖啡馆和创意文化产品销售的功能。分析句意可知，此处包含devote to doing“致力于做某事”的结构，故动词sell“销售”改为selling。故填selling。
42．考查谓语动词。句意：Sisyphe在购物中心开设书店，以利用购物中心的大量消费者来销售其书籍，同时也使人们能够享受阅读和喝咖啡的乐趣。分析句意可知，and后接并列句，需要有谓语动词，即形容词able“能够的”需要改为动词enable“使能够”，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，且主语为it，故使用第三人称单数形式。故填enables。
43．考查介词。句意：作为回报，书店改善了购物中心的文化氛围，因此开展这种合作是互惠互利的。分析句意可知，此处使用了词组in return表示“作为回报”，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填In。
44．考查代词。句意：作为回报，书店改善了购物中心的文化氛围，因此开展这种合作是互惠互利的。分析句意可知，此处需要填写代词it作形式主语，其结构为it is + adj. + to do sth. “做某事怎么样”。故填it。
45．考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，政府为书店提供了减税措施，以鼓励实体书店的发展。分析句意可知，因为时间状语so far意为“到目前为止”，此处谓语动词offer“提供”需要使用现在完成时，且主语为单数形式the government“政府”，故助动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has offered。
46．1.suffer→suffered 2. 删除with 3. that→it 4. depressing→depressed 5. Which→What 6. effectively→effective 7. advices→advice 8. or→and 9. Hang→Hanging 10.在good前加a
【导语】本文是一封书信。作者给一个朋友提供了几条处理抑郁的建议。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：信中，你说由于不知道该如何摆脱过重的学习负担，你得了抑郁症。由 said可知，这里讲述的是过去的事情应该用一般过去时。故suffer 改为suffered。
2.考查固定搭配。句意：因此，我写信是想给你一些建议。offer sb sth表“给某人提供某东西”，为固定结构。故删除with。
3.考查代词。句意：首先，高中生有时感到沮丧是很常见的。分析句子可知，这里考查it is adj for sb to do sth表“对某人来说，做某事怎么样”，为固定句型，其中it作形式主语。故将that改为it。
4.考查形容词。句意：首先，高中生有时感到沮丧是很常见的。分析句子，这里应表示学生感到“沮丧的”，所以应用形容词depressed作表语。故将depressing改为depressed。
5.考查主语从句。句意：真正重要的是，你应该面对你的问题，并下定决心解决它。这里考查主语从句，从句中缺主语且指代物。故将 Which改为What。
6.考查形容词。句意：最有效的方法是向老师求助。分析句子可知，这里应用形容词作定语修饰名词way。故将effectively改为effective。
7.考查不可数名词。句意：他们一定会为您提供有用和实用的建议。advice表“建议”，为不可数名词。故将advices改为advice。
8.考查连词。句意：此外，积极参加运动，你会感到比以前更有活力。分析句子可知，前后句是顺承关系不是转折，这里考查祈使句+and+句子。故将or改为and。
9.考查非谓语。句意：和朋友一起闲逛也是放松自己的好方法。分析句子可知，这里应用动名词作主语。故将Hang改为Hanging。
10.考查冠词。句意：和朋友一起闲逛也是放松自己的好方法。a good way表“一个好的方式”，这里表泛指概念，且good为辅音音素开始的单词，所以应用不定冠词a。故在good前加a。
47．Dear Worried,
I’m sorry to know that you’re having a bad time at the moment. The truth is that you are not the only one who has met such problems, so you don’t have to worry much. The most important thing is to find ways to change what you are now. Here are some practical tips.
Frist, read as much as you can. The value of reading cannot be overestimated. Not only is it recreation, but it also lights a lamp in the mind, bettering our understanding of the world around us. Second, copy down what you think useful expressions or typical complicated sentences, study them carefully and try to imitate the sentences, finally create new sentences of your own.
I hope you’ll soon feel proud of yourself.
Yours,
Jennie
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给某位在英语学习方面有困扰的同学写一封回信，内容包括：1、表示理解并给予安慰；2、提出建议：多阅读、多积累和模仿；3、说明你建议的理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→vital
娱乐：recreation→entertainment
有用的：useful→helpful
娱乐：complicated→complex
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Here are some practical tips.
拓展句：Here are some practical tips which can help you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The truth is that you are not the only one who has met such problems, so you don’t have to worry much. (运用了that引导的表语从句和who引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】The most important thing is to find ways to change what you are now. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)
乌鲁木齐市重点中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试
英语试卷
考试总分：100分 考试时间：80分钟
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
请点击修改第I卷的文字说明
一、完形填空(共15分)
(本题15分)You should see the photo. I’m sitting in red dirt, ____1____ an ugly purple T-shirt. My face is pink and my hair is wet with sweat. Flies buzz around my head. I’m in the northwest of Australia, on a school trip with 20 parents and 20 kids.
It was a strange choice for a holiday. I like sitting by the pool with a cola, not flies and frogs. I like being ____2____ and quiet, not a busload of kids. I like ____3____ washed sheets, not dirty-looking blankets.
But here’s the thing about that photo: I am smiling!
The trip sounded good when I ____4____. We were told that guides would take us into the heart of the place and I would see a new part of Australia and learn about local ____5____. Besides I knew it would be a valuable chance for me to stay with my youngest daughter. I would also stay with 40 strangers. I just hope there would be good coffee.
In Darwin we got onto a bus. It quickly became tiresome. The kids were ____6____ and kept on talking but I hate making small talk.
But later when I looked out at the large empty land, I was surprised at and moved by its ____7____. Our local guide told us about the land and his culture. I felt far from home.
Finally we reached our ____8____. There the small room I shared with my daughter was a brick cell, full of crickets (蟋蟀), but too dark to see them.
It didn’t matter. The next nine days were ____9____. Waterfalls, lakes, community visits, and a trip around Katherine Gorge where we even saw giant crocodiles!
On our last night, a water pipe (管子) ____10____. We awoke to a mess, everything in water. Usually I would have ____11____, but it just seemed ____12____ to be dirty.
Indeed, it was ____13____ to stay clean. We were hiking in red dirt with temperatures of 35 degrees. Still, I felt a kind of energy I hadn’t ____14____ in years.
Yes, the coffee was bad, but I was too focused on keeping crickets off my face.
I love that photo of me in the dirt. I look messy but happy. Sometimes it’s another way of traveling. There is beautiful ____15____ and there is dirt. There was always someone to talk to, someone to laugh with.
1．(1分)A．washing B．wearing C．waving D．watching
2．(1分)A．noisy B．busy C．alone D．shy
3．(1分)A．shortly B．cautiously C．freshly D．clearly
4．(1分)A．signed up B．showed up C．stood up D．woke up
5．(1分)A．guide B．business C．culture D．resource
6．(1分)A．silent B．encouraged C．moody D．excited
7．(1分)A．coldness B．beauty C．enthusiasm D．emptiness
8．(1分)A．goal B．agreement C．destination D．decision
9．(1分)A．killed B．packed C．wasted D．booked
10．(1分)A．cut B．expanded C．shortened D．broke
11．(1分)A．scared B．complained C．laughed D．saddened
12．(1分)A．normal B．strange C．unbelievable D．perfect
13．(1分)A．impossible B．probable C．easy D．important
14．(1分)A．tested B．stored C．valued D．experienced
15．(1分)A．dress B．weather C．scenery D．room
二、阅读理解(共30分)
(本题6分)Best places to see wildlife in Canada
Whether you’re keen to see the mysterious spirit bears or listen to the songs of beluga whales, Canada’s varied landform offers dozens of wildlife adventures that are bound to impress you. So grab your camera and set out for a few of the best places to see Canada’s incredible wildlife.
Search for the mysterious spirit bears in the Great Bear Rainforest,British Columbia
Spirit bears are one of the most special animals found in Canada.They are a rare species protected by Canada and can only be found in the Great Bear Rainforest. which is a remote protected area mainly accessible by boat.
Listen to beluga whales sing in Churchill,Manitoba
About 136,000 beluga whales can be found here in Canadian waters in the summer.They are white in color and are nicknamed the“canaries(金丝雀)of the sea”thanks to the sounds they make, which are used to navigate.
Spot a moose (麇鹿) or two at Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario
The moose are one of the most-loved species in Canada,but are surprisingly difficult to find in the wild. If you have your heart set on seeing a moose or two,head to Algonquin provincial Park in Ontario, where you might catch sight of them at dusk or dawn, especially in the spring.
Witness the monarch butterfly migration at Point Pelee National Park,Ontario
Every year thousands of monarch butterflies migrate from Canada to Mexico,where the spend the winter. One of the main points of this migration route is Point Pelee National Park in Ontario. Head there just before sunset or early in the morning for the best views
16．(2分)Which species is unique to Canada?
A．Spirit bears. B．Beluga whales.
C．Moose. D．Monarch butterflies.
17．(2分)What time is it most probably to spot a moose?
A．At dusk in the winter.
B．At dawn in the spring.
C．At midday in the autumn.
D．After sunset in the summer.
18．(2分)If you’re an insect lover, which attracts you best?
A．Churchill, Manitoba,
B．Algonquin Provincial Park,Ontario.
C．Point Pelee National Park,Ontario.
D．The Great Bear Rainforest,British Columbia.
(本题8分)You may not know it, but your brain is already an amazing vocabulary learning machine. When you read or listen to something, your brain doesn’t take each word at face value: it’s continuously taking statistics about which words appear together regularly so that it can expect what’s coming next and process speech faster.
Our brains continuously release electrical signals, which change depending on what task your brain is dealing with. Scientists can use a technique to read some of these to study how your brain processes language.
One of these signals, called N400, changes depending on whether words make sense in context or not. The N400 is relatively small for expected word combinations, like coffee and cream, and increases in height for unexpected word combinations, like coffee and cap. This means that scientists can read the N400 height to analyze the kind of expectations you have about which words usually appear together.
In language learners, the N400 changes based on proficiency （熟练程度）. The better people get at a language, the closer their N400 pattern is to native speaker’s. This means that an important part of language proficiency is taking statistics and building expectations about what words usually appear together, just as native speakers do.
To get better at this, we need to flood our brains with loads of natural content, so we can build up a picture of which kinds of words usually appear together. Reading is a great way to do this and there’s lots of research that shows that reading works wonders for your vocabulary skills.
However, it is important to remember that if there are too many unknown words, it can be difficult to figure out what they mean from the context. And it is unpleasant having to stop every two miles to look up a word. Graded readers, which are books adapted to make them easier to understand at lower levels, are perfect for learners of foreign languages.
19．(2分)What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1?
A．To state a fact. B．To offer a suggestion.
C．To make a comparison. D．To propose a definition.
20．(2分)What does it mean if the N400 increases?
A．We make sense of some word combinations in a context.
B．We combine some new words to make a sentence.
C．We memorize some word combinations to learn a language.
D．We meet some word combinations beyond our expectations.
21．(2分)How can we have a native speaker-like N400 pattern according to the author?
A．By reading some books about vocabulary skills.
B．By reading lots of natural content.
C．By reading loads of books about nature and drawing pictures.
D．By reading authentic content to increase our vocabulary.
22．(2分)What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．It is more beneficial to read easy books.
B．It is important to look up new words.
C．We should mainly read adapted books.
D．We should choose materials right for our level.
(本题8分)When a chunk of ice fell from a collapsing glacier(冰川)on the Swiss Alps’ Mount Eiger in 2017, part of the long deep sound it produced was too low for human ears to detect. But these vibrations held a key to calculating the ice avalanche’s(崩塌)critical characteristics.
Low-frequency sound waves called infrasound that travel great distances through the atmosphere are already used to monitor active volcanoes from afar. Now some researchers in this field have switched focus from fire to ice: dangerous blocks snapping off glaciers. Previous work has analyzed infrasound from snow avalanches but never ice, says Boise State University geophysicist Jeffrey Johnson. “This was different,” Johnson says. “A signature of a new material has been detected with infrasound.”
Usually glaciers move far too slowly to generate an infrasound signal, which researchers pick up using detectors that track slight changes in air pressure. But a collapse—a sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier’s main body—is a prolific infrasound producer. Glacial collapses drive ice avalanches, which pose an increasing threat to people in mountainous regions as rising temperatures weaken large fields of ice. A glacier “can become detached from the ground due to melting, causing bigger break— offs,” says University of Florence geologist Emanuele Marchetti, lead author of the new study. As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.
Researchers often use radar to track ice avalanches, which is precise but expensive and can monitor only one specific location and neighboring avalanche paths. Infrasound, Marchetti says, is cheaper and can detect break—off events around a much broader area as well as multiple avalanches across a mountain. It is challenging, however, to separate a signal into its components (such as traffic noises, individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes) without additional measurements, says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. “The model used by Marchetti is a first approximation for this,” she says. Isolating the relevant signal helps the researchers monitor an ice avalanche’s speed, path and volume from afar using infrasound.
Marchetti and his colleagues are now working to improve their detectors to pick up more signals across at-risk regions in Europe, and they have set up collaborations around the continent to better understand signals that collapsing glaciers produce. They are also refining their mathematical analysis to figure out each ice cascade’s physical details.
23．(2分)What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3?
A．Infrasound has a major role to play in discovering new materials.
B．Ice avalanches are a bigger threat to people than volcanic eruptions.
C．Researchers are trying to use infrasound in detecting ice avalanches.
D．Scientists employ infrasound more in mountain areas than in other places.
24．(2分)Which is an advantage of infrasound over radar?
A．The combination with other relevant signals.
B．The accuracy in locating a certain avalanche.
C．The ability in picking up signals in wider areas.
D．The sensitivity in tracking air pressure changes.
25．(2分)The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refers to________.
A．distinguishing different components of a signal
B．detecting multiple avalanches at the same time
C．calculating the speed and path of ice avalanches
D．monitoring the specific location of ice break—offs
26．(2分)Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．From Fire to Ice B．Glacier Whispers
C．Nature is Warning D．Secret of Ice Avalanches
(本题8分)A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Sunday, according to the China National Tourism Administration (CNTA). That is an increase of 7 percent compared with the last year’s Spring Festival. About 374, 000 trips were organized by travel agencies, a 2.5 percent increase.
The CNTA also reported growth from individual and high-end(高端的) travelers and said that in addition to top and coastal cities, inland cities such as those in Guangxi — became important source markets. With many Chinese now traveling abroad during the Spring Festival, their choice of destinations has expanded along with their growing interest in foreign cultures and services.
“Chinese tourists are increasingly willing to experience local cultures and services, including staying in private homes, appreciating plants and watching monkeys,” Li Xuejing, an agency’s marketing manager, said.
Miss Guo, a Chinese tourist, who was vacationing on an island in Philippines, said, “I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives.”
Another choice is Britain. Though the devaluation(货币贬值) of the pound is a factor, Britain’s rich history and famous education tradition have caught the eye of Chinese.
27．(2分)How many trips were made to foreign countries during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday?
A．6,150,000. B．2,500,000. C．7,000,000. D．374,000.
28．(2分)What can we learn about some inland cities in Guangxi?
A．They’re reported to have become important tourist attractions.
B．They’re famous for all kinds of plants and monkeys.
C．They have many hot springs.
D．They have become important source markets.
29．(2分)What will Miss Guo do on her vacation according to the text?
A．Go shopping for gifts. B．Study foreign cultures.
C．Relax and enjoy herself. D．Chat with her relatives.
30．(2分)Where does the text probably come from?
A．A guide book. B．A newspaper.
C．A science magazine. D．An advertisement.
第II卷（非选择题）
请点击修改第II卷的文字说明
三、七选五(共10分)
(本题10分)Science can help you improve your study methods. For more than 100 years, psychologists have done research on which study habits work best. Here are 4 tips to improve your study habits.
Space out your studying
Nate Kornell, a psychologist at Williams College, thinks it’s a good idea to study the day before a big test. ___31(2分)___ . Instead, space out those study sessions. Kornell compares our memory to water in a cup. Try to refill the cup while it’s still full, and you can’t add much more water. Allow time between study sessions, and some of the material may drip out of your memory. But then you’ll be able to relearn it and learn more in your next study session.
Practice, practice, practice!
Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills. ___32(2分)___ “If you want to be able to remember information, the best thing you can do is practice,” says Katherine Rawson.
Test yourself
Scientist Nebel suggests. “ ___33(2分)___ Put questions on one side and the answers on the other side of the card and try to quiz yourself the way the teacher asks questions.” she adds. “It will be of great help.”
___34(2分)___
It’s hard to remember a string of facts and figures if you don’t push further. Ask why things are a certain way. How did they come about? Why do they matter? Psychologists call this elaboration. It’s taking class material and asking a lot of how and why questions about it. This helps you combine new information with other things you know. And it creates a bigger network in your brain of things that relate to one another. ___35(2分)___ .
A．Dig deeper
B．Try your best
C．Of course, nothing can replace studying with your mother
D．The same should go for learning
E．That larger network makes it easier to learn more and deeper
F．Create a pack of cards every time you learn new information
G．But research shows it’s a bad idea to force all your studying into that day
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文(共10分)
(本题10分)语法填空
In the past few years, more than half of bookstores in China have closed down, ____36(1分)____ is the result of the ____37(1分)____ (compete) from online bookstores. But the success of Sisyphe Bookstore, one of the ____38(1分)____ (big) privately-owned bookstore chains in China, may serve as ____39(1分)____ amazing example.
____40(1分)____ (found) in 1993, Sisyphe started to transform and upgrade its business in 2009 to seek its profitability. Now, it not only devotes itself to ____41(1分)____ (sell) books, but also combines the functions of bookstore, café and sale of creative cultural products. Sisyphe opens its bookstores in shopping malls in order to take advantage of the large number of consumers of shopping malls to sell its books, and it also ____42(1分)____ (able) people to enjoy spending time reading and drinking coffee. ____43(1分)____ return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so ____44(1分)____ is mutually (共同的) beneficial to have such cooperation.
So far, the government _____45(1分)_____ (offer) tax reduction for bookstores to encourage the development of physical bookstores. Perhaps it is early to say the boom of physical bookstores has come, but definitely, we see the light.
五、短文改错(共10分)
46．(本题10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Jim,
I’m very glad to hear from you. In your letter, you said you suffer from depression because of the heavy load of study and didn’t know how to get rid of it. Therefore, I am writing to offer you with some suggestions.
First of all, that is quite common for high school students to feel depressing sometimes. Which really matters is that you should face your problem and make up your mind to settle it. The most effectively way is to turn to teachers for help. They will surely provide you with useful and practical advices. Besides, take an active part in sports or you’ll feel more energetic than before. Hang out with friends is also good way to relax yourself.
I hope my suggestions can be of some help to you.
Yours,
Li Hua
六、建议信(共33分)
47．(本题33分)为了帮助学生健康成长，你校校报开辟了“Heart-To-Heart”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑Jennie，收到封署名为Worried的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：自己的英语作文写不好，语句乏味、无话可说，得不到好成绩，因此非常气馁。请你用英文给该同学写一封回信，内容包括：
1、表示理解并给予安慰；
2、提出建议：多阅读、多积累和模仿；
3、说明你建议的理由。
注意：写作词数：80-100
（信的开头语与结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）
Dear Worried,
I’m sorry to know that you’re having a bad time at the moment.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Jennie
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．B 12．A 13．A 14．D 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了作者在一次旅行中的经历和感受，虽然当时的处境和状况不是很好，但是却很快乐。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在红土上，穿着一件难看的紫色T恤。A. washing洗；B. wearing穿；C. waving挥舞；D. watching观看。根据“an ugly purple T-shirt（一件难看的紫色T恤）”可知，这里指作者穿着这件衣服。故选B。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢独处和安静，而不是一车孩子。A. noisy吵闹的；B. busy繁忙的；C. alone独自的；D. shy害羞的。根据and后面的形容词quiet（安静的）可知，应该选择alone与其并列，表示作者喜欢独处和安静。故选C。
3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢刚洗过的床单，不喜欢看起来脏兮兮的毯子。A. shortly立刻；B. cautiously小心地；C. freshly新，新近，刚才；D. clearly清楚地。根据“not dirty-looking blankets（不是看起来脏兮兮的毯子）”可知，作者喜欢新洗过的床单。故选C。
4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我报名时，这趟旅行听起来很不错。A. signed up报名；B. showed up出现；C. stood up站起来；D. woke up叫醒，醒来。根据“The trip sounded good.（这趟旅行听起来很不错。）”和“We were told that guides would take us into the heart of the place and I would see a new part of Australia.（我们被告知导游会带我们进入这个地方的中心以及我会看到澳大利亚的一个新地方。）”可知，这里描述的是作者报名这次旅行之时得到的信息。故选A。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们被告知导游会带我们进入这个地方的中心以及我会看到澳大利亚的一个新地方和了解当地的文化。A. guide向导；B. business商业；C. culture文化；D. resource资源。根据下文的“Our local guide told us about the land and his culture.（我们的当地导游向我们介绍了这片土地和其文化。）”可知，作者在导游的带领下，到一个新地方要了解当地的文化。故选C。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们很兴奋，不停地说着话，但我讨厌闲聊。A. silent沉默的；B. encouraged受到鼓励的；C. moody情绪化的；D. excited激动的，兴奋的。根据“kept on talking（不停地说着话）”可知，孩子们在旅途中很兴奋。故选D。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但后来当我看着这片空旷的土地时，我被它的美丽所震惊和感动。A. coldness冷淡；B. beauty美丽；C. enthusiasm热情；D. emptiness空虚，空旷。这里指作者被这片空旷的土地的美丽所震惊和感动。根据文章最后一段中的“There is beautiful …（那里有美丽的……）”和本句中的“I looked out at the large empty land（看着这片空旷的土地）”可知，作者向车外看时发现了美丽的景色，此处受empty一词的影响容易误选 emptiness，需注意。故选B。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们终于到达了目的地。A. goal目标；B. agreement同意；C. destination目的地；D. decision决定。根据下文的“There the small room I shared with my daughter was a brick cell, full of crickets, but too dark to see them.（我和女儿共用的小房间是一间砖房，里面全是蟋蟀，但屋内太暗了，看不到它们。）”可知，作者他们到达了旅游的目的地，来到了住宿的地方。故选C。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的九天都安排满了。A. killed消磨，杀死；B. packed挤满，打包；C. wasted浪费；D. booked预订。根据“Waterfalls, lakes, community visits, and a trip around Katherine Gorge where we even saw giant crocodiles!（瀑布、湖泊、社区参观，以及凯瑟琳峡谷之旅，在那里我们甚至看到了巨型鳄鱼！）”可知，接下来的九天满满地安排这些参观内容了。故选B。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨晚，一根水管坏掉了。A. cut砍；B. expanded 扩大；C. shortened缩短；D. broke破裂，损坏。根据后句“We awoke to a mess, everything in water.（我们醒来时一团糟，一切都在水中。）”可知，水管坏掉了。故选D。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常我会抱怨，但这次看起来脏是正常的。A. scared使害怕；B. complained抱怨；C. laughed大笑；D. saddened使悲伤。根据第3题的分析可知，作者喜欢干净，所以说对于这种状况作者通常会抱怨。故选B。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常我会抱怨，但这次看起来脏是正常的。A. normal正常的；B. strange奇怪的；C. unbelievable难以置信的；D. perfect完美的。根据上一题的分析可知，作者通常会抱怨脏乱的情况，再由but（表示转折）可知，这次到没什么的了，即能够正常对待这种情况了。故选A。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，要保持干净是不可能的。A. impossible不可能的；B. probable可能的；C. easy容易的；D. important重要的。根据第8题和第10题的分析可知，这样的状况下要保持干净是不可能的。故选A。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我仍然感到一种多年未体验过的活力。A. tested测试；B. stored储存；C. valued珍视；D. experienced经历，体验。根据“. We were hiking in red dirt with temperatures of 35 degrees. （我们在 35 度的红土地面上徒步旅行。）”和“Yes, the coffee was bad, but I was too focused on keeping crickets off my face.（是的，咖啡很糟糕，但我很专注于让蟋蟀远离我的脸。）”可知，作者在这里感受到了很多以往未曾感受过的事情。故选D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里有美丽的风景，也有泥土。A. dress服装；B. weather天气；C. scenery风景；D. room房间。根据第9题的分析可知，作者一行人看到了美丽的景色，此外由dirt一词的提示，scenery与其构成对比，合乎语境。故选C。
16．A 17．B 18．C
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加拿大几个观赏野生动物的好去处。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“They are a rare species protected by Canada and can only be found in the Great Bear Rainforest. which is a remote protected area mainly accessible by boat. (它们是加拿大保护的稀有物种，只能在大熊雨林中找到。这是个偏远的保护区，主要可以乘船到达)”可知，白灵熊是加拿大独有的物种。故选A项。
17．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“If you have your heart set on seeing a moose or two, head to Algonquin provincial Park in Ontario, where you might catch sight of them at dusk or dawn, especially in the spring. (如果你一心想看一两只驼鹿，那就去安大略省的阿尔冈昆省立公园吧，在那里你可能会在黄昏或黎明看到它们，尤其是在春天。)”可知，最有可能看到麋鹿的时间是春季的黄昏或黎明。故选B项。
18．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Every year thousands of monarch butterflies migrate from Canada to Mexico, where the spend the winter. One of the main points of this migration route is Point Pelee National Park in Ontario. (每年有成千上万只帝王蝶从加拿大迁徙到墨西哥过冬。这条迁徙路线的主要景点之一是安大略省的佩利角国家公园)”可知，如果你喜欢昆虫，可以去Point Pelee National Park观赏帝王蝶。故选C项。
19．A 20．D 21．B 22．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了我们的大脑是一个词汇学习机器，研究者用N400来研究了大脑是如何处理我们所遇到的单词组合，并且提出学习语言时，应选择适合自己水平的读本。
19．推理判断题。根据文章第一段首句“You may not know it, but your brain is already an amazing vocabulary learning machine.（你可能不知道，但是你的大脑已经是一个很好的词汇学习机器。）”可知，后文举例说明你的大脑是一个很好的词汇学习机器，故第一段的目的是为了陈述我们的大脑是词汇学习机器的这个事实，故选A。
20．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The N400 is relatively small for expected word combinations, like coffee and cream, and increases in height for unexpected word combinations, like coffee and cap.（对于预料中的单词组合，比如说咖啡和冰淇淋，N400相对来说比较低；但是对于预料之外的单词组合时，比如说咖啡和帽子，N400就会增加。）”可知，如果N400上升的话，那就意味着我们遇到了意料之外的单词组合，故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“To get better at this, we need to flood our brains with loads of natural content, so we can build up a picture of which kinds of words usually appear together.（为了更擅长这点，我们需要让我们大脑充满自然的语言内容，这样的话，我们就能在大脑里建造一副图片，图片里是哪些单词通常一起出现。）”可知，如果我们想要像本土人一样的N400模式，我们需要读很多的自然语言内容，故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Graded readers, which are books adapted to make them easier to understand at lower levels, are perfect for learners of foreign languages.（分级读本对于外语学习者来说是最好的选择，因为它们是改编读本，主要是为了较低水平的阅读者能更容易理解。）”可知，在选择阅读读本时，我们应该根据自己的水平选择适合的读本，这样的话才有利于学习，故选D。
23．C 24．C 25．A 26．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍冰崩会发出大量的次声波，研究人员正在尝试用次声探测技术来检测和探测冰崩。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Previous work has analyzed infrasound from snow avalanches but never ice, says Boise State University geophysicist Jeffrey Johnson. （博伊西州立大学的地球物理学家Jeffrey Johnson说，之前的工作分析过雪崩的次声，但从未分析过冰的次声）”和第三段的“But a collapse—a sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier’s main body—is a prolific infrasound producer.（但是冰川的崩塌——冰川主体的冰突然迅速断裂——是大量次声的产生者）”和“As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.（随着威胁的增加，科学家们寻求新的方法来监测和探测这种崩塌）”可知，从第二和第三段我们知道研究人员正试图利用次声探测冰崩。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Researchers often use radar to track ice avalanches, which is precise but expensive and can monitor only one specific location and neighboring avalanche paths. Infrasound, Marchetti says, is cheaper and can detect break—off events around a much broader area as well as multiple avalanches across a mountain.（研究人员经常使用雷达来跟踪冰雪崩，这种方法精确但昂贵，而且只能监测一个特定的位置和邻近的雪崩路径。马尔凯蒂说，次声探测技术成本更低，可以探测到更广阔的区域附近的断裂事件，以及山脉上的多次雪崩）”可知，和雷达相比次声探测的优势是能接收更大范围内的信号。故选C。
25．词句猜测题。分析句子可知，句中this应指代上文出现的内容。根据第四段的“It is challenging, however, to separate a signal into its components (such as traffic noises, individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes) without additional measurements, says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. （然而，苏黎世联邦理工学院的冰川学家Malgorzata Chmiel说，在没有额外测量的情况下，将一个信号分解成它的组成部分(如交通噪音、单独的雪崩和附近的地震)是一项挑战）”推知，this指代“区分信号的成分”，即马尔凯蒂使用的模型是区分信号成分的初步近似（该模型能区分出信号的不同成分）。故选A。
26．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“But these vibrations held a key to calculating the ice avalanche’s(崩塌)critical characteristics.（但这些振动是计算冰崩临界特性的关键）”和第三段的“But a collapse—a sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier’s main body—is a prolific infrasound producer.（但是冰川的崩塌——冰川主体的冰突然迅速断裂——是大量次声的产生者）”和“As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.（随着威胁的增加，科学家们寻求新的方法来监测和探测这种崩塌）”可知，冰崩会发出大量的次声波，研究人员正在尝试用次声探测技术来检测和探测冰崩。故B项“冰川低语”可以作为本文标题，吸引读者。故选B。
27．A 28．D 29．C 30．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国人在春节假期选择出游的人数急剧增长。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Sunday, according to the China National Tourism Administration (CNTA).(据中国国家旅游局发布的数据，在周日结束的7天春节假期中，中国内地游客出境旅游达到615万人次)”可知，去国外旅游的人数达到615万人。故选A。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The CNTA also reported growth from individual and high-end(高端的) travelers and said that in addition to top and coastal cities, inland cities such as those in Guangxi — became important source markets.(国家旅游局还报告了个人和高端游客的增长，并表示，除了顶级和沿海城市，广西等内陆城市成为了重要的客源市场)”可知，一些广西的内陆城市也成了重要的客源市场。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段中“I now pay more attention to relaxation and enjoyment during the holidays instead of shopping or choosing gifts for relatives.(我现在更注重假期的放松和享受，而不是购物或为亲戚挑选礼物)”可知，郭小姐现在更注重放松和娱乐。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据第一段“A record of 6.15 million trips was made by Chinese mainland tourists to overseas destinations during the seven-day Spring Festival holiday, which ended on Sunday, according to the China National Tourism Administration (CNTA). That is an increase of 7 percent compared with the last year’s Spring Festival. About 374, 000 trips were organized by travel agencies, a 2.5 percent increase.(据中国国家旅游局发布的数据，在周日结束的7天春节假期中，中国内地游客出境旅游达到615万人次。这比去年春节增长了7%。旅行社组织的旅行约37.4万人次，增长2.5%)”再结合全文主要介绍了中国人在春节期间去国外旅游的人数急剧增长的社会现象，故推测本文应该是选自报纸的新闻。故选B。
31．G 32．D 33．F 34．A 35．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个改变学习习惯的方法。
31．根据空前“Nate Kornell, a psychologist at Williams College, thinks it’s a good idea to study the day before a big test. ”（威廉姆斯学院心理学家内特 · 科内尔认为，在大考前一天学习是个好主意。）根据空后instead可知，后文说明的是相反的想法，G选项“ 但是研究表明，把你所有的学习都强加到那一天是一个坏主意。”切题，故选G。
32．根据空前“Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills.”（音乐家练习乐器，运动员练习运动技巧。）以及空后“If you want to be able to remember information, the best thing you can do is practice,“ says Katherine Rawson.”（“如果你想记住信息，最好的办法就是练习,”凯瑟琳 · 罗森说。）可知，学习也要勤加练习，D项“学习也是一样。”空后是对前文的解释，符合题意，故选D。
33．根据下文“Put questions on one side and the answers on the other side of the card and try to quiz yourself the way the teacher asks questions.”she adds. “It will be of great help.””（把问题放在卡片的一边，把答案放在卡片的另一边，试着像老师问问题那样自问自答。”她补充道。“这会有很大的帮助。”）讲述了在卡片的两边分别写上问题和答案对于学习是很有帮助意义的。所以空处应说明可以利用卡片学习新知识。选项F“每次你学到新信息的时候都要制作一副卡片。”符合题意，故选F。
34．根据下文“It’s hard to remember a string of facts and figures if you don’t push further. ”（如果你不进一步努力，就很难记住一连串的事实和数字。）可知，要记住一连串的事实和数字，就需要你进一步努力，选项A“深入挖掘。”选项中deeper与further形成对应，切题，故选A。
35．根据前一句“And it creates a bigger network in your brain of things that relate to one another.”（它在你的大脑中创造了一个更大的，相互关联的事物网络。）可知，空处应讲述更大的网络的作用。E项“那个更大的网络使学习更多更深入变得更容易。”选项中“That larger network ”的指代前一句中的“ a bigger network”，切题，故选E。
36．which 37．competition 38．biggest 39．an 40．Founded 41．selling 42．enables 43．In 44．it 45．has offered
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了在中国超过一半的实体书店倒闭的前提下，最大的私营连锁书店之一的Sisyphe是如何取得成功的。
36．考查关系代词。句意：过去几年，中国超过一半的书店倒闭，这是来自网络书店竞争的结果。分析句意可知，此处逗号后为非限定性定语从句，先行词为主句整个句子，故使用关系代词which引导，在从句中作主语。故填which。
37．考查名词。句意：过去几年，中国超过一半的书店倒闭，这是来自网络书店竞争的结果。空格前有定冠词the和介词of，此处应用动词compete“竞争”的名词形式competition“竞争”作宾语，表示“竞争”这一概念，为不可数名词，故填competition。
38．考查形容词最高级。句意：但中国最大的私营连锁书店之一的Sisyphe的成功，可能是一个惊人的例子。分析句意可知，此处形容词big“大的”需要改为最高级biggest，因为形容词最高级前需要加定冠词，而空格前为one of the“其中之一”符合该结构要求。故填biggest。
39．考查不定冠词。句意：但中国最大的私营连锁书店之一的Sisyphe的成功，可能是一个惊人的例子。分析句意可知，此处需要填写不定冠词an，因为空格后的名词example “例子”为可数名词，故需要不定冠词表示单数概念，且空格后形容词amazing“惊人的”为元音音素开头。故填an。
40．考查过去分词。句意：Sisyphe成立于1993年，2009年开始转型和升级业务，以寻求盈利能力。分析句意可知，空格处使用动词found“创立”的过去分词形式founded作状语，因为其与主语“Sisyphe”为被动关系，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Founded。
41．考查动名词。句意：现在，它不仅致力于销售书籍，还结合了书店、咖啡馆和创意文化产品销售的功能。分析句意可知，此处包含devote to doing“致力于做某事”的结构，故动词sell“销售”改为selling。故填selling。
42．考查谓语动词。句意：Sisyphe在购物中心开设书店，以利用购物中心的大量消费者来销售其书籍，同时也使人们能够享受阅读和喝咖啡的乐趣。分析句意可知，and后接并列句，需要有谓语动词，即形容词able“能够的”需要改为动词enable“使能够”，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，且主语为it，故使用第三人称单数形式。故填enables。
43．考查介词。句意：作为回报，书店改善了购物中心的文化氛围，因此开展这种合作是互惠互利的。分析句意可知，此处使用了词组in return表示“作为回报”，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填In。
44．考查代词。句意：作为回报，书店改善了购物中心的文化氛围，因此开展这种合作是互惠互利的。分析句意可知，此处需要填写代词it作形式主语，其结构为it is + adj. + to do sth. “做某事怎么样”。故填it。
45．考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，政府为书店提供了减税措施，以鼓励实体书店的发展。分析句意可知，因为时间状语so far意为“到目前为止”，此处谓语动词offer“提供”需要使用现在完成时，且主语为单数形式the government“政府”，故助动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has offered。
46．1.suffer→suffered 2. 删除with 3. that→it 4. depressing→depressed 5. Which→What 6. effectively→effective 7. advices→advice 8. or→and 9. Hang→Hanging 10.在good前加a
【导语】本文是一封书信。作者给一个朋友提供了几条处理抑郁的建议。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：信中，你说由于不知道该如何摆脱过重的学习负担，你得了抑郁症。由 said可知，这里讲述的是过去的事情应该用一般过去时。故suffer 改为suffered。
2.考查固定搭配。句意：因此，我写信是想给你一些建议。offer sb sth表“给某人提供某东西”，为固定结构。故删除with。
3.考查代词。句意：首先，高中生有时感到沮丧是很常见的。分析句子可知，这里考查it is adj for sb to do sth表“对某人来说，做某事怎么样”，为固定句型，其中it作形式主语。故将that改为it。
4.考查形容词。句意：首先，高中生有时感到沮丧是很常见的。分析句子，这里应表示学生感到“沮丧的”，所以应用形容词depressed作表语。故将depressing改为depressed。
5.考查主语从句。句意：真正重要的是，你应该面对你的问题，并下定决心解决它。这里考查主语从句，从句中缺主语且指代物。故将 Which改为What。
6.考查形容词。句意：最有效的方法是向老师求助。分析句子可知，这里应用形容词作定语修饰名词way。故将effectively改为effective。
7.考查不可数名词。句意：他们一定会为您提供有用和实用的建议。advice表“建议”，为不可数名词。故将advices改为advice。
8.考查连词。句意：此外，积极参加运动，你会感到比以前更有活力。分析句子可知，前后句是顺承关系不是转折，这里考查祈使句+and+句子。故将or改为and。
9.考查非谓语。句意：和朋友一起闲逛也是放松自己的好方法。分析句子可知，这里应用动名词作主语。故将Hang改为Hanging。
10.考查冠词。句意：和朋友一起闲逛也是放松自己的好方法。a good way表“一个好的方式”，这里表泛指概念，且good为辅音音素开始的单词，所以应用不定冠词a。故在good前加a。
47．Dear Worried,
I’m sorry to know that you’re having a bad time at the moment. The truth is that you are not the only one who has met such problems, so you don’t have to worry much. The most important thing is to find ways to change what you are now. Here are some practical tips.
Frist, read as much as you can. The value of reading cannot be overestimated. Not only is it recreation, but it also lights a lamp in the mind, bettering our understanding of the world around us. Second, copy down what you think useful expressions or typical complicated sentences, study them carefully and try to imitate the sentences, finally create new sentences of your own.
I hope you’ll soon feel proud of yourself.
Yours,
Jennie
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给某位在英语学习方面有困扰的同学写一封回信，内容包括：1、表示理解并给予安慰；2、提出建议：多阅读、多积累和模仿；3、说明你建议的理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：important→vital
娱乐：recreation→entertainment
有用的：useful→helpful
娱乐：complicated→complex
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Here are some practical tips.
拓展句：Here are some practical tips which can help you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The truth is that you are not the only one who has met such problems, so you don’t have to worry much. (运用了that引导的表语从句和who引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】The most important thing is to find ways to change what you are now. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)
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