2023年江苏省南通市通州区中考英语一模试卷(含答案解析)

这是一份2023年江苏省南通市通州区中考英语一模试卷(含答案解析)，共28页。

2023年江苏省南通市通州区中考英语一模试卷
1. Blue Sky Rescue （BSR） is ________ organization that covers life rescue，humanitarian assistance and disaster prevention and reduction.（　　）
A. the B. an C. / D. a
2. —The lesson that the novel Ordinary World has taught me is that even though my life is common，I still love and enjoy it.
—In fact，sometimes a good book can teach you things ________ your class.（　　）
A. above B. against C. beyond D. including
3. Don't follow the movie stars blindly.You should know _________ is worth our learning from.（　　）
A. who B. what C. which D. how
4. ________ it has a long history，time hasn't stopped the Great Wall from trying to attract young people at home and abroad every year.（　　）
A. Unless B. If C. Although D. While
5. —Have you noticed that home-school cooperation is getting more attention than ever before？
—Yes.In fact，what really ________ is what parents say and do.（　　）
A. considers B. values C. matters D. minds
6. —Lucy，how did your job interview go？
—I received the offer letter a minute ago.I can't feel ________ now.（　　）
A. excited B. more excited
C. most excited D. the most excited
7. —What will the weather be like tomorrow？
—I was on the phone and ________ most of the weather report.（　　）
A. have missed B. was missing C. will miss D. missed
8. When faced with a hot potato，simply ________ calm and you will find out the way to solve it.（　　）
A. staying B. stay C. to stay D. stayed
9. Nantong Subway Line One has been ________ for half a year.It brings new chances for the long-term development of Nantong.（　　）
A. in trouble B. in service C. in danger D. in surprise
10. If the customer rings up for me again, please ________ the call to the sales department.（　　）
A. run through B. look through C. put through D. go through
11. Learning English in a classroom is important，while using English in real ________ will improve your English skills more greatly.（　　）
A. experiences B. situations C. events D. positions
12. —Where is your son Jimmy working now？
—He ________ the city of Nantong，China for two years.（　　）
A. has gone to B. has been to C. was in D. has been in
13. —In this fast-paced time，young people prefer to shop online because they ________ spend a lot of time going from shop to shop.
—I am the exception.I enjoy the pleasure of hanging out.（　　）
A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. shouldn't
14. -I'm a teenager's mother.Sometimes I don't know ________.
-Maybe he suffers from stress.（　　）
A. what does my son want to get B. what my son needs most
C. why is my son often angry D. why my son gets angry very often
15. —I lost my wallet yesterday.To make matters worse，my ID card and my driving licence were in it.
—________.We should learn the importance of avoiding risks with a Plan B.（　　）
A. Every dog has its day
B. It never rains but pours
C. Don't put all your eggs in one basket
D. A miss is as good as mile
War started in our house in late July with a month to go before my first day of college.It was a battle of wills （意愿） over what college I was to attend.Mom wanted me to attend a famous （1） ______ school，and I wanted to go to a small writing college.Every night for two weeks，we argued，shouted until both sides went to bed with（2） ______ .
It was mostly my fault （过错）.Since my junior year of high school，I had wanted to be a nurse.I took all the science courses，and even worked as a（3） ______ in my town's local hospital.My（4） ______ was to help the sick and be superwoman to the world.
Yet，as graduation and college neared，it all（5） ______ .Treating the sick was great，but not what I was meant to do for the rest of my life.I could picture （6） ______ in hospitals，making rounds，and taking temperatures，but I couldn't picture myself happy.It wasn't the （7） ______ I wanted.
Then，I realized I had been creating and writing stories since I could（8） ______ .I loved it，and writing was what I had been doing as a（9） ______ .It was going to be my career.And it had to be.
On August 1st，Mom and I sat down at the dinner table and I told her that she had every right to （10） ______ where to spend her money，just like I had every right to decide where I wanted to go to school.If it was her choice not to（11） ______ any of my college education，then I would take a year off to work and make money so I could go to the college I wanted.
Standing by my decision to be a （12） ______ had proven my firm belief to my mom.Finally we were（13） ______ ，and she decided to support me，which meant the world to me.
Before that time，I had never stood up （14） ______ my parents on any major decision.Choosing which college to attend （15） ______ me to become a separate and complete adult.I am now finished with my first term as a Professional Writing major and I cannot wait to see what comes next.
16.  A. cooking B. gardening C. nursing D. writing
17.  A. happiness B. excitement C. regrets D. surprise
18.  A. student B. volunteer C. guard D. surgeon
19.  A. purpose B. job C. task D. prize
20.  A. decided B. changed C. happened D. succeeded
21.  A. myself B. nurses C. doctors D. patients
22.  A. future B. effort C. thought D. chance
23.  A. see B. wait C. find D. remember
24.  A. dream B. hobby C. rule D. business
25.  A. accept B. refuse C. choose D. consider
26.  A. give B. afford C. change D. save
27.  A. dancer B. worker C. director D. writer
28.  A. under discussion B. under control
C. at peace D. at loss
29.  A. between B. against C. opposite D. behind
30.  A. forced B. promised C. allowed D. reminded
Q
∪
Forum （论坛）First impressions
Do you think first impressions are important？Most people think it takes about two minutes to make a judgment about someone when you first meet them.I'm reading a book at the moment about first impressions.It says that we，actually，make decisions about new people in a few seconds—that means we make a decision without even thinking.Our minds unconsciously （无意识地） say，"I really like you"or"I'll keep a distance from you."How quickly do you think you make judgments about people？Do you have any advice on what to do or say when you meet new people？Any answers，please.
Ana，Spain
When a friend introduces me to someone at a party and I have to make small talk，I sometimes stumble （结巴） over my words and start mumbling （嘟哝）.I've watched more confident people and they always speak up.I read something about giving people compliments （赞美） and asking questions.It's a good way to start a conversation.You can say something like，"I really love your shoes!Where did you get them？"So，that's what I'm going to do next time I meet someone new.Also，feeling confident about what I look like helps me—that's why I always wear clothes that make me feel good.
Mark，Australia
I work in a big company and I meet new colleagues all the time.You need to think about the language you use，especially when you greet people.I always say，"Hello，pleased to meet you."I can't stand it when people you don't know are really informal （不拘礼节的） and say something like，"Hey，what's up？"I think it also sounds silly when people are too formal and say"How do you do？"
Jelena，Poland
As I'm writing this，I'm nervous because I'm starting a new class tomorrow and I'm going to meet lots of new classmates.I think it'll be fine，though.I know one person and I'm meeting her before the class.Also，most people are nervous in new situations.My parents always tell me to treat people as you want them to treat you.You should never talk down to them or gossip （说……的闲话） about them.I'd like people to chat with me and be friendly，so I'm going to do that.I think it's also important to make eye contact and listen to people.You should not talk about yourself all the time or take control of the conversation.



31. Mark would most likely say" ______ "when greeting new colleagues.
A. How are you doing？ B. How do you do？
C. Hey，man!What's up？ D. It's nice meeting you.
32. What advice does Jelena give on meeting new people？ ______
A. You could talk more about yourself to let others know you better.
B. You'd better lead the conversation so that others don't feel left out.
C. You should be friendly and avoid talking about other people's private lives.
D. You'd better not make direct eye contact with people you meet for the first time.
33. The article is most likely taken from ______ .
A. a local news website B. a fashion magazine
C. a book about first impression D. an online discussion platform


R
As a teen，Cynthia Nebel studied by reading her textbooks and notebooks."Over and over and over again，"recalls this psychologist at Vanderbilt University in Nashville，Tennessee.Now，she adds，"This is a very common bad study habit.Actually，that's one of the most common bad study skills that students have."
In one 2021 research study，some college students read a text twice.Others read a text just once.Both groups took a test right after the reading.Test results differed little between these groups，researchers found.
Too often，when students reread material，it's superficial.Rereading is like looking at the answer to a puzzle （谜语），rather than doing it yourself.It looks like it makes sense.But until you try it yourself，you don't really know if you understand it.
In one 2022 study，a group of students were asked to reread material to two other groups.One group wrote questions about the material.The other group answered questions from someone else.Later，all the groups took a test on the material.The results showed that those who answered the questions did best；those who just reread the material did worst.
That 2022 study backs up one of Nebel's preferred study habits.Before big tests，her mom quizzed （测试） her on the material."Now I know that was retrieval practice （回溯练习），"she says."It's one of the best ways you can study."As Nebel got older，she quizzed herself.For example，she might cover up the definitions （定义） in her notebook.Then she tried to recall what each term meant.
"Make a deck of flash cards every time you learn new information，"Nebel suggests."Put questions on one side and the answers on the other side."Friends can even quiz each other on the phone，she says.
But really grill （追问） yourself and your friends，she adds.And here's why.She was part of a team that asked students to write one quiz question for each class period.Students would then answer a question from another classmate.The results showed that students did worse on tests afterwards than when the daily quiz questions came from the teacher.Nebel's team is still analyzing the data.She suspects the students'questions may have been too simple.
Teachers often dig deeper，she notes.They don't just ask for definitions.Often，teachers ask students to compare and contrast （对比） ideas.That takes some careful thinking.
34. The 2021 study is listed to show ______ .
A. reading textbooks is a common study skill
B. Cynthia Nebel was a good learner when she was at school
C. reading textbooks over and over helps to improve memory
D. rereading books and notes doesn't help students learn better
35. The underlined word"superficial"in paragraph 3 most probably means" ______ ."
A. taking much time and effort
B. not being afraid of making mistakes
C. solving problems without much effort
D. not studying something carefully or completely.
36. When quizzing yourself or your friends，the best way is to ______ .
A. ask for definitions B. retell the questions
C. compare and contrast ideas D. use flash cards to help
37. The article is mainly about ______ .
A. the importance of careful thinking
B. some practical study skills
C. some common bad study methods
D. the role of practice in one's studies
S
Here's one scene.Say you are in heavy traffic and your car's brakes （刹车） start to fail.If you keep going，you will go into the back of a truck and probably die.But if you turn sharply to avoid the truck，you risk hitting an elderly woman or a group of children.What do you do？
This is an extreme choice.But every day，drivers around the world have to make quick decisions to avoid accidents.Often，they react without even having time to think.But what would a driverless car do？
Self-driving cars are designed to deal with all sorts of situations，from understanding traffic rules to planning the easiest route that avoids construction.These programming decisions are direct and clear.Ethics （道德），on the other hand，is not.How do you program a car to decide what to do in the case of an accident？How do you choose which life is more valuable？And who gets to choose？This is a problem that ethicists，lawyers，and car makers are all wondering about.
The ethicist opinion
Patrick Lin teaches robotics and ethics at California Polytechnic State University.He says that it might seem easy to say that self-driving cars must follow certain rules to minimize or reduce harm，but he says，"even that leads to morally murky （模糊的） decisions."He gives an example：on one side of you is a motorcyclist wearing a helmet；on the other is a motorcyclist not wearing a helmet.If the car's computer tells it to minimize harm during a necessary turn，that might mean hitting the person with the helmet.After all，they are better protected and so less likely to be hurt.But，Lin asks，aren't you being unfair to the responsible （负责的） motorist？
According to Lin，any type of decision-making based on age，gender，or any similar factor would be discrimination （歧视） and therefore against standards of ethics.He explained that even the safest car runs the risk of having accidents，and that the responsibility for programming will lie with the car makers.
The legal opinion
But some experts say we don't need to worry about this problem.Bryan Casey teaches at Stanford Law School.Casey says that what a self-driving car does in a crash is not an ethical issue （问题） at all.Instead，it is a legal issue.If a driver has a crash now，the law decides if he was driving dangerously or if it was truly an accident.If the driver was dangerously careless，he faces punishment，often a fine or jail.If a breakdown caused the crash，the car makers might be at fault.Either way，laws exist to decide what is wrong，and who is responsible.Casey says that will not change with the arrival of self-driving cars.
We expect self-driving cars to be very safe，safer than human drivers because computers can react more quickly.And indeed，an autonomous vehicle should be well designed and slow down or speed up in relation to the actual case.However，accidents can always happen.This means that drivers，car makers，and lawmakers will need to deal with new problems as they appear.
38. What is the most difficult problem facing self-driving cars now？ ______
A. How to avoid causing accidents on the road.
B. When to slow down or speed up in actual case.
C. How to decide what to do in the case of an accident.
D. How to plan routes according to different situations.
39. The example of the motorcyclist （Para.4）is to show ______ .
A. all cars run the risk of having accidents
B. self-driving cars are unable to follow certain traffic rules
C. motorcyclists shouldn't wear helmets so that self-driving cars won't hit them
D. the decisions made by self-driving cars might go against standards of ethics
40. The underlined word"that"（Para.6）refers to that ______ .
A. who should be responsible for a crash is decided by laws
B. what a self-driving car does in a crash is an ethical issue
C. self-driving cars should also face punishment in a crash
D. the responsibility for programming lies with the car makers
41. The author would most probably agree that ______ .
A. human drivers are much safer than self-driving cars
B. driving laws should change with the arrival of self-driving cars
C. there will always be accidents where someone gets hurt on the road
D. self-driving cars have the ability of thinking and making decisions for themselves
T
Late last night，I was woken up by a sudden sound.I felt very tired and tried to sleep，but the sound didn't stop to let me sleep.Finally，I got up to see where the sound came from.I went to the backyard of my house and saw a very bright light in the sky going towards the woods nearby.I felt anxious and decided to see what it was.I took my bicycle and followed the light.Minutes later，I was in front of a huge spaceship.
I was amazed.When I touched it，a wave pushed me aside.I felt as if my whole body was paralyzed.I could not move my body，but I could still see.I saw a human...no，a monster…Then I lost consciousness.
When I woke up，I was in a large cage.I saw other men and women—in nearby cages.They had either passed out or perhaps died.I examined the cage and found a small window covered with dust.I cleared the dust and saw through it.I saw space!
I also saw the Earth getting smaller and smaller as we moved away from it.I was confused as to how I got here.Suddenly，a strange creature caught my attention.He was half-human and half-monster.For sure，he was not an earthling—he was an alien!
The creature was examining each cage.Suddenly，he appeared in front of my cage.He said something like，"Zoom zappa zew zhumu zam zeus."I didn't understand it，but then a loud sound came.It said，"Hello，New Human.We are the Grays."It was probably the translation of the words that the creature had just said，I guessed.
I felt frightened."What is the alien going to do to me？"I fearfully wondered.
I had watched many alien movies，so I knew I had been kidnapped.I felt frightened：Was the alien going to do an experiment on me？
But then I heard a loud crash.The spaceship was falling back to Earth.I also heard the sounds of shooting.I was confused：What was happening？
Another alien appeared.He looked more like a human but had bright eyes and strange hands.He broke my cage and picked me up.I revolted （反抗），but my power was nothing against the alien's.The alien put me down near the half-opened gate of the spaceship.He gave me a locket （盒式吊坠） and said in English，"Wear the locket and jump，or you will die."
I wore the locket but was unwilling to jump—I didn't believe in the alien.The spaceship was falling rapidly.The alien pushed me.
I started falling towards the Earth and soon entered the atmosphere.I couldn't breathe and soon fainted （昏厥）.When I woke up，it was morning and I was lying in my bed.My mother and some neighbors were talking to the local police.My mom told me that the police saw a bright light in the woods and went to investigate.They found me lying on the ground.The police asked what I was doing there.I told them everything I saw.Then，they went back.I don't think they believed me.
I remembered about the locket that the alien gave me.It was still around my neck.The locket saved me.I really want to thank the alien with bright eyes!
42. Where was the author when he woke up in the morning？ ______
A. In his own home. B. In the nearby woods.
C. In another spaceship. D. In a local police station.
43. Why did the author think the alien was going to do an experiment on him？ ______
A. Because he saw a large lab inside of the spaceship.
B. Because the alien was examining each large cage on the spaceship.
C. Because many of the men and women on the spaceship had fainted.
D. Because this would happen in many of the alien movies he had watched.
44. We can learn from the article that the alien with bright eyes ______ .
A. could speak many languages，including English
B. died in the end
C. was much stronger than the author
D. was in fact a human being
45. Which of the following can be the best title of the story？ ______
A. A Terrible Dream B. The Valuable Locket
C. An Unsolved Case D. Out of This World
46. When you feel stressed out，you can try to sit up ______ （笔直地） or stand tall.
47. Everyone is fighting their own battle.To be free from the past，to live in the present and to ______ （创造）their future.
48. Some people in the West have ______ （ know or understand something you did not know before） the importance of filial piety （孝道） after reading Twenty-four Filial Examples.
49. When the police arrived，they told all the ______ （ a person who rides in a car，bus，train，etc.but does not drive it） to get off and stay far away.
50. He ______ the exam because he was careless with writing.
51.

healthy small proper eight you

(1) We Chinese think a family is the ______ unit of a nation while a nation is a myriad of families （千万家） put together.
(2) In this term's final P.E.test，students can choose the examination events based on their ______ conditions.
(3) —We know exercise is good for us，so we should catch every chance to do more exercise.
—That's not always the case.You may get hurt if you exercise ______ .
(4) I like the ______ month of the lunar calendar，because we have the Mid-Autumn Festival in this month，which is a time for family reunion.
(5) —I'm planning to go to the Shanghai Disneyland with my parents on May Day.
—Sounds great!I wish you will enjoy ______ trip.
52.

hit win meet drive buy

(1) The year 2022 marked the 25th anniversary of Hong Kong's return to the motherland.The policy of"one country，two systems"， ______ great success over the past 25 years.
(2) Don't worry!Our manager of the Customer Service Department is coming and ______ you here in ten minutes.
(3) —I knocked into a tree when I went to the airport.
—I'm sorry to hear that.I guess you ______ so fast.
(4) If no one ______ furs，then people won't risk breaking the law to kill wild animals any more.
(5) Alice jumped down the hole，fell for a long time，and then ______ the ground.
53. Zu Chongzhi was one of the greatest mathematicians in ancient China.He was born （1）d ______ the Northern and Southern Dynasties.His family were very talented.They had been studying mathematics and astronomy （天文学） for generations.From a young age，Zu was（2）t ______ natural science，astronomy，math，philosophy and so on.The little boy was interested in all of these subjects，especially in math.
Zu was best （3）k ______ for his calculation of pi （圆周率）.According to historical records，he did all the work using only wooden sticks.It took him lots of time to work out the value—（4）b ______ 3.1415926 and 3.1415927.No one at that time was able to calculate it more accurately （精确地） than Zu.His（5）a ______ has been recognized around the world.In order to remember Zu，some mathematicians have suggested calling pi"Zu Lv （祖率）".
Zu was also known for working out how to calculate the volume of a sphere （球体）.He did this with the help of his son Zu Gengzhi.The two recorded the （6）r ______ in Zhui Shu （《缀术》）.The book was used as a math textbook during the Tang dynasty.
But Zu was（7）s ______ not only in math but also in astronomy.He worked out that a year should be 365.24281481 days long and created the Daming Calendar.However，government officials at that time did not agree with Zu.The great mathematician never saw his calendar put into use.After his（8）d ______ ，Zu Gengzhi kept on proving that the Daming Calendar was more accurate.Almost ten years later，the new calendar was （9）f ______ accepted.
Zu was also an（10）i ______ .He once made a vehicle that carried a pointer.However the vehicle turned，the pointer always pointed to the South.Zu also invented the 1，000-li Boat.The boat could travel 1000 li （about 60 kilometers） in a day.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
54. A long time ago，there were two kings who hated each other.Their names were Shah Ali and Shah Elvin.The villagers of their kingdoms were sure that there would be a war soon because the Shahs spent so much time threatening one another.
It went on like this for many years.Ali would feel slighted （藐视） by Elvin，or Elvin would feel mocked （蔑视） by Ali.The villagers were stuck in the middle of the argument.They were always afraid that war would come and destroy their homes.Finally，one day，Ali announced，"That's it!I declare （宣布） war on Elvin!"
Elvin had not been to war in a very long time.He hadn't worn his battle clothes in years.He even forgot where he had stored them.The day before the battle began，he asked his mother，Sabine，to find his helmet.
Sabine returned without the helmet.
"What happened to my helmet？"Elvin asked.
"I couldn't move it，"Sabine said gently."A mother dove has made a nest in your helmet.She has three little babies.They are safe and sound in it.I see her coming and going from the nest all day long，bringing food to her babies.She tries so hard to take good care of them.Please，don't disturb them.Doves are the most peace-loving birds.They never harm anything.How could I destroy this happy little bird's home？"
Elvin understood.He smiled and nodded his head.
"I don't need my helmet to do battle，Elvin said.
On the battlefield，Ali noticed that Elvin was not wearing his helmet.
"Where is your helmet？"Ali asked.A king at war without a helmet？This was unheard of!
"My mother found a dove nesting in it，"Elvin admitted."We didn't want to disturb the family."
Ali laughed and sent his wise men to visit Sabine and see the helmet for themselves.
When the wise men returned，they all verified （核实） that there was indeed a dove nesting in Elvin's helmet.This shocked Ali.The most peaceful bird of all nesting in a war helmet.How amazing!Ali smiled.
"This is a sign，"Ali said."The most peaceful bird decided to nest in a war helmet.This means that we must be like the dove and make peace."
"Really？"asked Elvin.
"Yes，"Ali said."You and your mother didn't want to destroy a little bird family's home.How could we destroy the homes of thousands of families？"
And so，the two Shahs signed （签署） agreements to keep peace and friendship forever.Ali and Elvin became known for their wisdom.And，from then on，the dove became known as the symbol of peace.
(1) Who finally declared war？
______
(2) According to Sabine，why did she return without Elvin's helmet？
______
(3) According to the article，how did the war between Ali and Elvin end？
______
(4) What does the dove represent nowadays？
______
(5) What do you think of Shah Elvin？（请自拟一句话作答）
______
55. 无规矩不成方圆。有规矩的家庭，更能培养人格独立、德行兼优的孩子。但有时我们并不能理解这些规矩存在的意义，经常与父母产生矛盾。就此话题，请发表你的看法。
提示如下：
（1）What are the rules in your home？
（2）What do you think of these home rules？
（3）What efforts do you or your parents make to understand each other？
要求：
（1）内容须包括提示中的三个要点，可适当发挥；
（2）文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名；
（3）词数90个左右，开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
As the saying goes，"nothing can be accomplished without rules."Because of this，_________.
There are still many"don'ts"in my home.But nothing is unchangeable.It's all about understanding each other.
答案和解析

1.【答案】B
【解析】organization名词，"组织"，可数名词，前面要加冠词。根据"...that covers life rescue，humanitarian assistance and disaster prevention and reduction"可知空处应填不定冠词，表示泛指，又因organization首字母发元音音素。
故选：B。
蓝天救援（BSR）是一个涵盖生命救援、人道主义援助和防灾减灾的组织。
掌握冠词的用法，结合语境选择正确答案。

2.【答案】C
【解析】above在……上面；against反对；beyond超越；including包括。根据"sometimes a good book can teach you things...your class"可知，此处指课堂之外的东西。
故选：C。
—小说《平凡的世界》教会我的是，尽管我的生活很平凡，但我仍然热爱它，享受它。
—事实上，有时一本好书可以教会你课堂之外的东西。
熟悉介词的用法，根据语法解答即可。

3.【答案】A
【解析】分析句子结构可知，动词know后接宾语从句，再根据"Don't follow the movie stars blindly."可知，我们要知道谁值得我们学习，而不是盲目追星，引导词应填who。
故选：A。
不要盲目地追随电影明星。你应该知道谁值得我们学习。
首先要掌握这个句子的意思以及宾语从句的用法，然后结合具体的题目，就可以确定正确答案。

4.【答案】C
【解析】Unless除非，引导条件状语从句；If如果，引导条件状语从句；Although尽管；引导让步状语从句；While当……的时候，引导时间状语从句。分析语境可知，前半句是一个让步状语从句，空处表示"尽管"。
故选：C。
尽管历史悠久，但时间并没有阻止长城每年吸引国内外年轻人的脚步。
熟悉从句的用法，根据所给选项解答即可。

5.【答案】C
【解析】consider认为；value珍重；matter要紧；mind在意。根据"what really...is what parents say and do"可知，此处指真正重要的是父母的言行。
故选：C。
—你有没有注意到家校合作比以往任何时候都更受关注？
—是的。事实上，真正重要的是父母的言行。
熟悉熟练掌握动词的含义和用法，再结合句意可进行选择。

6.【答案】B
【解析】excited形容词，"兴奋的，激动的"；"can't/couldn't+比较级"表示最高级的意思，"再没有……比……更……"，"非常"，can't feel more excited"非常激动"。
故选：B。
—Lucy，你的工作面试怎么样？
—我一分钟前收到了通知，我太激动了。
掌握英语中形容词的用法，结合句意分析选项，选择正确答案。

7.【答案】D
【解析】have missed为现在完成时；was missing为过去进行时；will miss为一般将来时；missed为一般过去时。根据"was on the phone"可知，空处应用一般过去时。
故选：D。
—明天的天气怎么样？
—我刚刚在看手机，错过了大部分天气预报。
熟悉一般过去时，根据语法解答即可。

8.【答案】B
【解析】staying动名词；stay动词原形；to stay动词不定式；stayed过去式。分析句子结构可知，这里是祈使句，应该用动词原形。
故选：B。
当面对烫手山芋时，只要保持冷静，你就会找到解决问题的方法。
掌握祈使句的句式是解答此题的关键。

9.【答案】B
【解析】in trouble处于困境中；in service运行中；in danger在危险中；in surprise惊奇地。根据"Nantong Subway Line One has been...for half a year."可知，此处指的是"投入运营中"。
故选：B。
南通地铁一号线已投入运营半年，为南通的长远发展带来了新的机遇。
掌握英语中介词短语的用法，结合句意分析选项，选择正确答案。

10.【答案】C
【解析】run through跑着穿过；look through浏览；put through接通；完成；go through通过。根据语境可知如果顾客再次给我打电话，请把电话转到销售部。
故选：C。
如果顾客再次给我打电话，请把电话转到销售部。
了解各选项的含义及用法，根据语境选择合适的选项。

11.【答案】B
【解析】experiences经历；situations情况；events事件；positions职位。根据"using English in real"可知，在实际生活中使用英语才有效果。
故选：B。
在课堂上学习英语很重要，而在实际生活中使用英语会大大提高你的英语技能。
名词的用法比较广泛，要在理解名词意思的基础上，根据具体语境，仔细分析，完成试题。

12.【答案】D
【解析】for+一段时间要与现在完成时连用，且动词用延续性动词，has gone to与has been to是短暂性动词，has been in是延续性动词。
故选：D。
—你儿子吉米现在在哪里工作？
—他在中国南通已经两年了。
本题考查的是延续性动词和非延续性动词的区别用法，理解现在完成时的用法是解答本题的关键。

13.【答案】A
【解析】needn't不需要；can't不能；mustn't表示禁止；shouldn't不应该。根据"young people prefer to shop online because they...spend a lot of time going from shop to shop."及联系生活实际可知，网上购物不需要花费很多时间一家一家地逛商店，此处使用needn't符合语境。
故选：A。
—在这个快节奏的时代，年轻人更喜欢在网上购物，因为他们不需要花很多时间从一家商店到另一家商店。
—我是个例外。我很享受出去玩的乐趣。
熟悉情态动词的用法，根据所给选项解答即可。

14.【答案】D
【解析】答案：D．根据Sometimes I don't know ________．可知句子是一个宾语从句．宾语从句中一般为陈述语序；根据下文，可能他压力很大；可知上文提问的是某种原因，选项C为疑问语序，故选D．
-我是一个十几岁孩子的母亲．有时我不知道为什么我的儿子常常发怒．
-可能他压力很大．
宾语从句中一般为陈述语序，需注意当疑问词做从句主语时，则貌似倒装句，需注意区分；关于引导词的区分需结合引导词的基本含义及其在句子中所承担的句子成分进行具体分析；宾语从句的时态和主句没有必然的联系，需结合语境具体分析．

15.【答案】C
【解析】考查常识俗语。Every dog has its day人人皆有得意时；It never rains but pours祸不单行；Don't put all your eggs in one basket不要把所有的鸡蛋都放在一个篮子里，不要孤注一掷；A miss is as good as mile失之交臂。根据"We should learn the importance of avoiding risks with a Plan B."可知我们应该学会规避风险。
故选：C。
——我昨天丢了钱包。更糟糕的是，我的身份证和驾驶证在里面。
——不要把所有的鸡蛋都放在一个篮子里，我们应该了解通过B计划避免风险的重要性。
掌握一些谚语及用法是解答此题的关键。

16~30.【答案】C、C、B、A、B、A、A、D、B、C、B、D、C、B、C
【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：妈妈想要我上有名的护理学校，而我想要去一所小型的写作学院。cooking烹饪；gardening园艺；nursing护理；writing写作。根据It was mostly my fault .Since my junior year of high school，I had wanted to be a nurse.（这主要是我的错。从高中三年级开始，我就想成为一名护士。）可知母亲想让作者上护理学校，故选C。
（2）考查名词。句意：两个星期以来，我们每天晚上都在争论，大喊大叫，直到双方都失望地上床睡觉。happiness幸福；excitement兴奋；regrets遗憾，失望；surprise惊讶。根据Every night for two weeks，we argued，shouted...（我们每天晚上都在争论，大喊大叫......）可知作者和妈妈每晚都不欢而散，故选C。
（3）考查名词。句意：我学了所有的理科课程，甚至在我们镇上当地的医院当志愿者。student学生；volunteer志愿者；guard门卫；surgeon外科医生。根据I took all the science courses，and even worked as...（我参加了所有的科学课程，甚至......）可知作者为了成为一名护士，选了理科并去医院当志愿者，故选B。
（4）考查名词。句意：我的目的是帮助生病的人和成为世界上的女强人。purpose目的；job工作；task任务；prize奖品。根据...was to help the sick and be superwoman to the world.（......是帮助生病的人和成为世界上的女强人。）可知这是作者想成为护士的原因，故选A。
（5）考查动词。句意：然而，随着毕业和大学的临近，这完全变了。decided决定；changed改变；happened发生；succeeded成功。根据Treating the sick was great，but not what I was meant to do for the rest of my life.（治疗病人很好，但这不是我余生应该做的事。）可知作者的想法发生了变化，故选B。
（6）考查名词。句意：我可以想象自己在医院里，查房，测量体温，但是我无法想象自己很快乐。myself我自己；nurses护士；doctors医生；patients病人。根据I couldn't picture myself happy.（我无法想象自己是幸福的。）可知作者可以想象自己在医院里查房，测量体温的情景，故选A。
（7）考查名词。句意：这不是我想要的未来。future未来；effort努力；thought想法；chance机会。根据...but not what I was meant to do for the rest of my life.（……但这不是我余生应该做的事。）可知作者的未来不要每天都重复这样的事情，故选A。
（8）考查动词。句意：然后，我意识到我从记事起就一直在创作和写作故事。see看见；wait等待；find发现；remember记得。根据I realized I had been creating and writing stories since...（我意识到我从......就一直在创作和写作故事。）可知自从作者记事一直在创作写故事，故选D。
（9）考查名词。句意：我喜欢它，并且写作是我一直以来的爱好。dream梦想；hobby爱好；rule规则；business商业。根据前一句I realized I had been creating and writing stories since I could remember.（我意识到我从记事起就一直在创作和写作故事。）可知写作已经成了作者的一种习惯和爱好，故选B。
（10）考查动词。句意：8月1日，我和妈妈坐在餐桌旁，我告诉她，她完全有权选择把钱花在哪里，就像我完全有权决定我想去哪里上学一样。accept接受；refuse拒绝；choose选择；consider考虑。根据If it was her choice not...（如果不是她的选择......）可知妈妈有权决定把钱花在哪里，故选C。
（11）考查动词。句意：如果她选择不负担我的任何大学教育费用，那么我会休息一年去工作赚钱，这样我就可以去我想要的大学了。give给；afford支付；change改变；save节约。根据...I would take a year off to work and make money...（......我会请一年假去工作赚钱......）可知是承担作者大学教育费用，故选B。
（12）考查名词。句意：坚持我成为一名作家的决定向我妈妈证明了我的坚定信念。dancer舞蹈者；worker工人；director导演；writer作家。根据前文I wanted to go to a small writing college.（我想去一所小型写作学院。）可知作者想成为一名作家，故选D。
（13）考查短语。句意：最后我们平静下来了，她决定支持我，这对我来说意味着整个世界。under discussion在讨论中；under control在控制中；at peace平静；at loss困惑。根据she decided to support me（她决定支持我。）可知"我"和妈妈结束了争吵，她同意我的决定，故选C。
（14）考查介词。句意：在那之前，我从未在任何重大决定上站出来反对过我的父母。between在……之间；against反对；opposite在……对立面；behind在……后面。根据...to become a separate and complete adult.（......成为一个独立而完整的成年人。）可知作者之前没有反对过父母的决定，选择大学是作者第一次反对他们，故选B。
（15）考查动词。句意：选择上哪所大学让我成为了一个独立而完整的成年人。forced强迫；promised承诺；allowed允许；reminded提醒。根据全文可知作者坚持选择自己想上的学校，第一次反对父母的决定，正是这次事件让作者成为了独立的成年人，故选C。
本文主要讲述了"我"即将毕业，在选择大学方面和妈妈起了冲突，妈妈想让"我"上护理学校，而"我"想上写作学校，最后在"我"的坚持下，妈妈支持了"我"的决定。
首先通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合所学语法，运用排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文核对答案。

31~33.【答案】D、C、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据"I always say，'Hello，pleased to meet you.'"（我总是说："你好，很高兴见到你。"）可知，当问候新同事时他会说"很高兴见到你"，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据"You should never talk down to them or gossip （说……的闲话） about them.I'd like people to chat with me and be friendly，so I'm going to do that."（你永远不应该贬低他们，也不应该谈论他们。我希望人们能和我聊天，友好一点，所以我会这么做的。）可知，应该友好，避免谈论别人的私生活，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据"Forum"以及"cancel"和"send"可知，这是来自在线讨论平台，故选D。
本文是三个人分享了自己对第一印象的看法以及遇到新朋友时的建议。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

34~37.【答案】D、D、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第4段"The results showed that those who answered the questions did best；those who just reread the material did worst."（结果显示，回答问题的人表现最好那些刚重读材料的人表现最差。）可知，那些重读材料的人表现最差，故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第3段"Rereading is like looking at the answer to a puzzle （谜语），rather than doing it yourself."（重读就像是在看一个谜题的答案，而不是自己做。）可知，重读材料就像在看一个谜题的答案，因此这个过程比较肤浅，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后1段"Often，teachers ask students to compare and contrast （对比） ideas."（老师经常要求学生比较和对比各种想法。）可知，学生比较和对比不同的想法才能够进行的更深刻，故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第1段"Actually，that's one of the most common bad study skills that students have."（事实上，这是学生最常见的不良学习技能之一。）和第6段"Put questions on one side and the answers on the other side."Friends can even quiz each other on the phone"（把问题放在一边，把答案放在另一边。"朋友们甚至可以在电话里互相问答"）可知，本文主要介绍了一些比较实用的学习技能，故选B。
本文主要介绍了一些比较实用的学习技能。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

38~41.【答案】C、D、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据"The ethicist opinion"中的例子Patrick Lin teaches robotics and ethics at California Polytechnic State University.He says that it might seem easy to say that self-driving cars must follow certain rules to minimize or reduce harm，but he says，"even that leads to morally murky  decisions."He gives an example：on one side of you is a motorcyclist wearing a helmet；on the other is a motorcyclist not wearing a helmet.If the car's computer tells it to minimize harm during a necessary turn，that might mean hitting the person with the helmet.After all，they are better protected and so less likely to be hurt.But，Lin asks，aren't you being unfair to the responsible  motorist？（Patrick Lin在加州理工州立大学教授机器人和伦理学。他说，说自动驾驶汽车必须遵守某些规则才能最大限度地减少或减少伤害似乎很容易，但他说，"即使这样，也会导致道德上的模糊决定。"他举了一个例子：你的一侧是一个戴着头盔的摩托车手另一个是骑摩托车的人没有戴头盔。如果汽车的电脑告诉它在必要的转弯时尽量减少伤害，那可能意味着用头盔撞人。毕竟，他们得到了更好的保护，因此受伤的可能性也较小。但是，林问到，你对负责任的司机不公平吗？）可知，伦理专家认为自动驾驶汽车虽然可以很好的判断出如何做能把伤害降低到最小的程度，但是有时候对于另外一方是不公平的，可推测自动驾驶汽车存在的最大问题是在发生事故时决定怎么做。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第六段"According to Lin，any type of decision-making based on age，gender，or any similar factor would be discrimination （歧视） and therefore against standards of ethics."（根据林的说法，任何基于年龄、性别或任何类似因素的决策都是歧视，因此违反了道德标准。）可知，事例说明虽然自动驾驶汽车可以降低伤害，但对于负责任的驾驶者所造成的伤害是不公平的，任何基于年龄、性别或任何类似因素的决策都是歧视，因此违反了道德标准，可推测例子显示自动驾驶汽车做出的决定可能违反道德标准。故选D。
（3）代词指代题。根据倒数第二段和"Either way，laws exist to decide what is wrong，and who is responsible.Casey says  that will not change with the arrival of self-driving cars."（无论哪种方式，法律的存在都是为了决定什么是错误的，以及谁应该对此负责。凯西说，这不会随着自动驾驶汽车的到来而改变。）可知，法律专家认为自动驾驶汽车在车祸中做出的决定根本不是一个道德问题，而是一个法律问题，法律决定什么是错误的，以及谁应该对此事故负责，即谁应对车祸负责由法律决定这个情况不会随着自动驾驶汽车的到来而改变。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段" We expect self-driving cars to be very safe，safer than human drivers because computers can react more quickly.And indeed，an autonomous vehicle should be well designed and slow down or speed up in relation to the actual case.However，accidents can always happen.This means that drivers，car makers，and lawmakers will need to deal with new problems as they appear."（我们预计自动驾驶汽车将非常安全，比人类驾驶员更安全，因为计算机可以更快地做出反应。事实上，自动驾驶汽车应该设计得很好，并根据实际情况减速或加速。然而，事故总是可能发生的。这意味着驾驶员、汽车制造商和立法者将需要处理出现的新问题。）可知，我们猜想自动驾驶汽车比人驾驶汽车更安全；谁应对车祸负责由法律决定这个情况不会随着自动驾驶汽车的到来而改变；事故总可能发生；自动驾驶汽车被设计处理各种情况，可推测C选项"总会有某人在路上受伤的事故"与文章相符。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车以及不同人对它的不同看法。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

42~45.【答案】A、D、C、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段"Finally，I got up to see where the sound came from.I went to the backyard of my house and saw a very bright light in the sky going towards the woods nearby."（最后，我站起来看看声音是从哪里传来的。我走到房子的后院，看到天空中有一道非常明亮的光射向附近的树林。）可知作者醒来时在自己家里，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第七段"I had watched many alien movies，so I knew I had been kidnapped.I felt frightened：Was the alien going to do an experiment on me？"（我看了很多外星人的电影，所以我知道我被绑架了。我感到害怕：外星人要对我做实验吗）可知作者在许多外星人电影里看到过这样的情景，故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第九段"He looked more like a human but had bright eyes and strange hands.He broke my cage and picked me up.I revolted （反抗），but my power was nothing against the alien's."（他看起来更像人，但有着明亮的眼睛和奇怪的手。他打碎了我的笼子，把我抱了起来。我反抗了，但我的力量与外星人的力量完全不同。）可知有着明亮眼睛的外星人要比作者强壮，故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第三段"I saw space!"（我看到了太空！）和最后一段" I remembered about the locket that the alien gave me.It was still around my neck.The locket saved me.I really want to thank the alien with bright eyes!"（我想起了外星人给我的项链。它还挂在我的脖子上。项链救了我。我真的想用明亮的眼睛感谢外星人！）可知作者记得自己去了太空和外星人给了他一个盒式吊坠，以及全文讲述作者在太空发生的事情，所以最佳标题应和太空有关，Out of This World符合主题，故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者被一个奇怪的声音吵醒，他顺着天空一道明亮的光来到树林，发现了一个宇宙飞船，然后进入太空发生了一些事情。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

46.【答案】straight
【解析】根据"sit up"可知应填副词，straight副词，"笔直地"。
故填：straight。
当你感到压力很大时，你可以试着笔直地坐起来或者站得高高的。
首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。

47.【答案】create
【解析】根据"To be free from the past，to live in the present and to..."可知空处应填动词，create动词，"创造"，to+动词原形。
故填：create。
每个人都在打自己的仗。摆脱过去，活在当下，创造他们的未来。
主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对动词的掌握。

48.【答案】realized/realised
【解析】根据"know or understand something you did not know before"可知是指知道或理解一些你以前不知道的事情，也就是意识到，应用realize/realise，根据"have"可知句子是现在完成时，动词用过去分词。
故填：realized/realised。
西方一些人读了《二十四孝》后，已经意识到孝道的重要性。
熟悉现在时，根据语法解答即可。

49.【答案】passengers
【解析】据"a person who rides in a car，bus，train，etc.but does not drive it"可知，这里应该说的是乘客，用passenger表示，根据"all the"可知，用复数形式。
故填：passengers。
当警察到达时，他们告诉所有的乘客下车并远离。
首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。

50.【答案】failed
【解析】根据"because he was careless with writing."可知因为写作粗心，所以导致考试不及格，fail the exam"考试不及格"，根据后句可知句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式。
故填：failed。
他考试不及格，因为他写作粗心。
熟悉一般过去时，根据语法解答即可。

51.【答案】【小题1】smallest
【小题2】health
【小题3】improperly
【小题4】eighth
【小题5】your
【解析】（1）考查形容词的最高级。句意：我们中国人认为家庭是国家的最小单位，而民族是无数个家庭的总和。此空应填形容词最高级，结合选词可知small的最高级smallest"最小的"符合语境，故填smallest。
（2）考查名词。句意：在本学期的期末体育考试中，学生可以根据自己的健康状况选择考试项目。根据"students can choose the examination events based on their...conditions."可知是指身体状况，health condition"健康状况"，故填health。
（3）考查副词。句意：——我们知道运动对我们有好处，所以我们应该抓住每一个机会多做运动。——情况并非总是如此。如果你运动不当，你可能会受伤。根据"You may get hurt if you exercise..."可知此处是修饰动词，应用副词，结合选词可知improperly"不适当地"符合语境，故填improperly。
（4）考查序数词。句意：我喜欢农历的八月，因为我们在这个月有中秋节，这是家人团聚的时候。根据"because we have the Mid-Autumn Festival in this month"结合常识可知中秋节在农历八月，此处应用序数词eighth，故填eighth。
（5）考查物主代词。句意：——我计划在五一和我的父母去上海迪士尼乐园。——听上去太棒了！祝你旅途愉快。根据"Sounds great!I wish you will enjoy...trip."可知是指祝你旅途愉快，应用形容词性物主代词your修饰名词trip。故填your。
（1）我们中国人认为家庭是国家的最小单位，而民族是无数个家庭的总和。
（2）在本学期的期末体育考试中，学生可以根据自己的健康状况选择考试项目。
（3）—我们知道运动对我们有好处，所以我们应该抓住每一个机会多做运动。
       —情况并非总是如此。如果你运动不当，你可能会受伤。
（4）我喜欢农历的八月，因为我们在这个月有中秋节，这是家人团聚的时候。
（5）—我计划在五一和我的父母去上海迪士尼乐园。
       —听上去太棒了！祝你旅途愉快。
根据句意境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，句意通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。

52.【答案】【小题1】has won
【小题2】will meet
【小题3】were driving
【小题4】buys
【小题5】hit
【解析】（1）考查现在完成时。句意：2022年是香港回归祖国25周年。"一国两制"政策在过去25年中取得了巨大成功。根据great success over the past 25 years.（在过去的25年里取得了巨大的成功。）可知，这里是在过去25年中取得了巨大成功，win意为"获得"，由over the past 25 years.可知，这里应该用现在完成时，其结构是：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词，主语The policy of"one country，two systems"，是单数，因此助动词用has。故填has won。
（2）考查一般将来时。句意：别担心！我们的客户服务部经理来了，十分钟后将在这里与您会面。根据Our manager of the Customer Service Department is coming（我们的客户服务部经理来了。）可知，这里应该是十分钟后将在这里与您会面，meet意为"遇见"，由in ten minutes可知，这里应该用一般将来时，即：will+动词原形。故填will meet。
（3）考查过去进行时。句意：——我去机场时撞到了一棵树。——听到这个我很难过。我猜你开得太快了。根据I knocked into a tree when I went to the airport.（我去机场时撞到了一棵树。）可知，这里应该是开得太快了，drive意为"驾驶"，结合语境分析，这里应该用过去进行时，其结构是：were/was+动词的现在分词，主语是you，因此be动词用were。故填were driving。
（4）考查一般现在时。句意：如果没有人买毛皮，那么人们就不会再冒着违法的风险杀死野生动物了。根据then people won't risk breaking the law to kill wild animals any more.（那么人们就不会再冒着违法的风险杀死野生动物了。）可知，这里指的是如果没有人买毛皮，buy意为"买"，这里是if引导的条件状语从句，应该用一般现在时，主语no one是单数，因此谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填buys。
（5）考查一般过去时。句意：爱丽丝从洞里跳了下来，下落了很长一段时间，然后摔倒在地。根据Alice jumped down the hole，（爱丽丝从洞里跳了下来。）可知，这里是摔倒在地，hit意为"撞击"，由jumped可知，这里用过去式。故填hit。
（1）2022年是香港回归祖国25周年。"一国两制"政策在过去25年中取得了巨大成功。
（2）别担心！我们的客户服务部经理来了，十分钟后将在这里与您会面。
（3）——我去机场时撞到了一棵树。
    ——听到这个我很难过。我猜你开得太快了。
（4）如果没有人买毛皮，那么人们就不会再冒着违法的风险杀死野生动物了。
（5）爱丽丝从洞里跳了下来，下落了很长一段时间，然后摔倒在地。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。

53.【答案】【小题1】uring
【小题2】aught
【小题3】nown
【小题4】etween
【小题5】chievement
【小题6】esult
【小题7】uccessful
【小题8】eath
【小题9】inally
【小题10】nventor
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：他出生于南北朝时期。根据He was born d…the Northern and Southern dynasties.（他出生......南北朝时期。）可知，此处指他在南北朝期间出生，during"在……期间"符合语境。故填during。
（2）考查被动语态。句意：从小，祖被教授自然科学、天文学、数学、哲学等等。natural science，astronomy，math，philosophy（自然科学、天文学、数学、哲学。）是学习的内容，并且主语是人，结合首字母t可以推测，此处指"被教授"，用teach"教授"的过去分词taught与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填taught。
（3）考查动词。句意：祖最出名的是他的圆周率。根据Zu was best…for his calculation of pi （祖最......因为他的圆周率。） pi和首字母k可知，祖冲之因圆周率而出名，此处应用短语be known for"因……而出名"。故填known。
（4）考查介词。句意：他花了很多时间计算出这个值——介于3.1415926和3.1415927之间。根据"3.1415926 and 3.1415927"以及首字母b可知，考查短语"between…and…"，表示"介于……和……之间"。故填between。
（5）考查名词。句意：他的成就得到了全世界的认可。根据…has been recognized around the world.（......已得到世界各地的认可。）和首字母a可以推测，"成就"得到了全世界的认可，achievement"成就"；助动词为has，主语为单数名词。故填achievement。
（6）考查名词。句意：两人将结果记录在《缀术》上。根据Zu was also known for working out how to calculate the volume of a sphere.He did this with the help of his son Zu Gengzhi.（祖冲之还以计算球体的体积而闻名。他在儿子祖庚之的帮助下完成了这项工作。）可知，祖也以计算球体体积而闻名，他在儿子的帮助下做到了这一点，这是一项成就，结合首字母r可以推测，祖冲之和他的儿子将结果记录在《缀术》上，result"结果"。故填result。
（7）考查形容词。句意：但祖不仅在数学上很成功，在天文学上也很成功。根据上文No one at that time was able to calculate it more accurately than Zu.（当时没有人能够比祖更准确地计算它。）下文He worked out that a year should be 365.24281481 days long and created the Daming Calendar.（他计算出一年应为365.24281481天，并创建了《大明历》。）和首字母s可推知，祖冲之在数学和天文学上都很成功，successful"成功的"，形容词作表语。故填successful。
（8）考查名词。句意：在他死后，祖暅之不断证明大明历法更准确。根据上文The great mathematician never saw his calendar put into use.（这位伟大的数学家从未见过他的历法投入使用。）可知，祖冲之从未见过他的历法投入使用。结合首字母d可知，death"死亡"符合语境，名词作宾语。故填death。
（9）考查副词。句意：差不多十年后，新日历终于被接受了。根据Almost ten years later，the new calendar was…accepted.（差不多十年后，新日历......被接受了。）和首字母f可知，此处指新日历在十年后终于被接受，finally"终于"，副词修饰整个句子。故填finally。
（10）考查名词。句意：祖也是一个发明家。根据下文Zu also invented the 1，000-li Boat.（祖还发明了1000里船。）可知，他也是个发明家，inventor"发明家"，空前有an，此空应填单数名词。故填inventor。
本文主要介绍南北朝时期的科学家祖冲之的事迹和成就。
根据所给信息填空，考生注意先通读全文，根据所给的信息，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。

54.【答案】【小题1】Ali.
【小题2】Because a dove mother made a nest in the helmet and she didn't want to disturb the family.
【小题3】By signing agreements to keep peace and friendship forever.
【小题4】The symbol of peace.
【小题5】He is kind/wise./He is kind-hearted./He has a heart full of love./He is brave./He is a brave fighter.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Finally，one day，Ali announced，"That's it!I declare war on Elvin!"（终于，有一天，Ali宣布："就这样！我向Elvin宣战。"）可知Ali宣布了战争，故填 Ali。
（2）根据第六段A mother dove has made a nest in your helmet.She has three little babies.They are safe and sound in it.I see her coming and going from the nest all day long，bringing food to her babies.She tries so hard to take good care of them.Please，don't disturb them.（一只鸽子妈妈在你的头盔里做了一个窝。她有三个小宝宝。它们在里面安然无恙。我看到她整天从窝里来来往往，给宝宝们带食物。她非常努力地照顾它们。请不要打扰它们。）可知因为鸽子妈妈在她的头盔里筑巢，Sabine不想要打扰鸽子一家，故填Because a dove mother made a nest in the helmet and she didn't want to disturb the family。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段the two Shahs signed  agreements to keep peace and friendship forever.（两位Shahs签署了永久保持和平与友谊的协议。）可知这场战争是以达成协议结束的，故填By signing agreements to keep peace and friendship forever。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段And，from then on，the dove became known as the symbol of peace.（从那时起，鸽子就成了和平的象征。）可知鸽子是和平的象征，故填The symbol of peace.
（5）观点表达题。他很善良/很聪明/他心地善良/他有一颗充满爱的心/他很勇敢/他是一个勇敢的战士。故填He is kind/wise./He is kind-hearted./He has a heart full of love./He is brave./He is a brave fighter。
本文主要讲述了鸽子是和平的象征的由来。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

55.【答案】    As the saying goes，"nothing can be accomplished without rules."Because of this ，my parents are very strict with me.There are many rules at my home.（引出话题）
   Firstly，I'm not allowed to go out with my friends at night.Then，my parents pay too much attention to my exam results.It's not allowed to make mistakes because of carelessness.Thirdly，I mustn't lie to anyone because honesty is important.However，I try my best to understand my parents.【高分句型一】Although they don't allow me to make my own decisions and put too much pressure on me，I know that it is because they really care about me and want me to have a bright future.（介绍家规）
  To keep a good relationship with my parents，I work hard and obey the rules most of the time.If I do want to stay out with my friends at night，I keep in touch with my parents.【高分句型二】To be safe，I get back home before 10 pm.（家庭规定）
   There are still many"don'ts"in my home.But nothing is unchangeable.It's all about understanding each other.（和父母在相互理解方面做了哪些努力）
【解析】【高分句型一】：
However，I try my best to understand my parents.然而，我尽力去理解我的父母。try one's best to do sth表示尽力做某事。
【高分句型二】：
If I do want to stay out with my friends at night，I keep in touch with my parents.如果我晚上真的想和朋友们呆在一起，我会和父母保持联系。if引导一个条件状语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。