新教材适用2024版高考英语一轮总复习练案30选择性必修第三册Unit4AdversityAndCourage

练案[30]　选择性必修第三册　UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE

Ⅰ.完形填空

(2023·福建省福州市质检)

Once upon a time, my father and I got lost in a forest in France.I must have been about twelve or thirteen.Anyway, it was before the time when most people  1.A　 a mobile phone.It was in the Loire Valley.About half an hour, my dad  2.B　 the truth.“Oh, it seems that we're lost.”We walked around and around in circles, trying to find the path,  3.C　 with no luck.I could tell my dad was starting to  4.D　, even as he was trying to hide it from me.We had been in the forest for hours then and both knew my mom would be in a state of absolute  5.A　.At school，I had just been told the story of the hikers who had died in the wilderness and I found it easy to  6.C　 that would be our fate too.“If we keep going in a  7.C　 line we'll get out of here，”my dad said.

And he was right. 8.B　 we heard the sound of cars and  9.D　 a main road.We were eleven miles from the village where we had  10.A　 but at least we had signposts.And I often think of that strategy when I am totally  11.A　— literally or metaphorically(比喻地)．I thought of it when I was in the middle of a  12.D　, when my heart beat rapidly with  13.C　 and didn't know how I could carry on living.Walking one foot in front of the other, in the same  14.C　, will always get you further than running around in circles.It's about the  15.B　 to keep walking forward.

语篇导读：文章通过描述作者和父亲一次在森林里迷路的经历，告诉我们在面临困境的时候，保持同一个方向，有继续前进的决心，总能走出困境。

1．A．owned  B．borrowed

C．invented  D．promoted

解析：考查语境&常识推断。根据文中“Anyway, it was before the time when most people   1   a mobile phone.”及常识可知，此处应是表示当时大多数人还没有手机。own意为“拥有”，符合语境。borrow意为“借来”；invent意为“发明”；promote意为“促进”。故选A。

2．A．revealed  B．realized

C．told  D．faced

解析：考查语境推断。根据后文“Oh, it seems that we're lost.”可知，父亲是意识到了他们迷路的事实。realize意为“意识到”，符合语境。reveal意为“揭露”；tell意为“告诉”；face意为“面对”。故选B。

3．A．all  B．if

C．yet  D．so

解析：考查逻辑推断。根据前文“trying to find the path”和后文“with no luck”可知，他们没有找到路，设空处前后为转折关系。yet意为“但是”，符合语境。all意为“全部”；if意为“如果”；so意为“所以”。故选C。

4．A．complain  B．erupt

C．regret  D．panic

解析：考查语境&常识推断。根据后文“We had been in the forest for hours”及常识可知，父子俩在森林里迷路了几个小时，父亲应是开始恐慌。panic意为“恐慌”，符合语境。complain意为“抱怨”；erupt意为“喷发”；regret意为“后悔”。故选D。

5．A．terror  B．anger

C．disappointment  D．loss

解析：考查语境推断。根据上文“We had been in the forest for hours”可知，父子俩在森林里迷路了，母亲肯定很担心害怕。terror意为“惊恐；恐惧”，符合语境。anger意为“愤怒”；disappointment意为“失望”；loss意为“损失”。故选A。

6．A．decide  B．announce

C．imagine  D．clarify

解析：考查语境推断。根据上文“I had just been told the story of the hikers who had died in the wilderness”可知，作者刚刚听过那些死在荒野里的徒步旅行者的故事，所以很容易想象到他们的命运也会是这样。imagine意为“想象”，符合语境。decide意为“决定”；announce意为“宣布”；clarify意为“澄清”。故选C。

7．A．simple  B．short

C．straight  D．similar

解析：考查语境推断。根据文章最后的“will always get you further than running around in circles.It's about the   15   to keep walking forward.”可知，此处表示父亲认为如果继续走直线，就能离开这里。straight意为“直的”，符合语境。simple意为“简单的”；short意为“短的”；similar意为“相似的”。故选C。

8．A．Regularly  B．Eventually

C．Generally  D．Surprisingly

解析：考查语境推断。根据文中“And he was right.  8   we heard the sound of cars”可知，父亲是对的，最后他们听到了汽车的声音，走出了森林。eventually意为“最后，终于”，符合语境。regularly意为“定期地”；surprisingly意为“惊人地”；generally意为“通常”。故选B。

9．A．chose  B．missed

C．followed  D．reached

解析：考查语境推断。根据前文“heard the sound of cars”可知，他们到达了主路。reach意为“到达”，符合语境。choose意为“选择”；miss意为“错过”；follow意为“跟随”。故选D。

10．A．set off  B．arrived

C．stayed  D．lived

解析：考查语境推断。根据上文“eleven miles from the village”可知，他们到达这个主路时已走出了11英里，故那个村子是他们的出发地。set off意为“出发”，符合语境。arrive意为“到达”；stay意为“停留”；live意为“居住”。故选A。

11．A．lost  B．sensitive

C．angry  D．stuck

解析：考查复现推断。根据“And I often think of that strategy when I am totally   11  —listerally or metaphorically.”可知， 此处应是呼应上文“Oh, it seems that we're lost.”，指字面意义上的迷路或抽象意义上的感到迷茫。lost意为“迷路的；迷惘的”，符合语境。sensitive意为“敏感的”；angry意为“愤怒的”；stuck意为“卡住的”。故选A。

12．A．term  B．race

C．performance  D．breakdown

解析：考查语境推断。根据后文“didn't know how I could carry on living”可知，作者不知怎么继续生活，由此可知应是处于崩溃之中。breakdown意为“崩溃”，符合语境。term意为“时期”；race意为“比赛”；performance意为“表现”。故选D。

13．A．interest  B．surprise

C．fear  D．excitement

解析：考查语境推断。根据后文“didn't know how I could carry on living”可知，作者不知怎么继续生活，故此处应是表示心跳因恐惧而加快。fear意为“恐惧”，符合语境。interest意为“兴趣”；surprise意为“惊讶”；excitement意为“激动”。故选C。

14．A．way  B．cycle

C．direction  D．distance

解析：考查语境推断。根据空后的“get you further than running around in circles”和“keep walking forward”可知，此处指保持同一个方向。direction意为“方向”，符合语境。way意为“方法”；cycle意为“循环”；distance意为“距离”。故选C。

15．A．ambition  B．determination

C．inspiration  D．cooperation

解析：考查语境推断。根据后文“to keep walking forward”可知，走出困境靠的是继续前进的决心，此处呼应首段最后一句“‘If we keep going in a   7   line we'll get out of here，’my dad said.”。determination意为“决心”，符合语境。ambition 意为“抱负”；inspiration意为“灵感”；cooperation意为“合作”。故选B。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

(2023·江苏省盐城市、南京市一模)

I'm rather good at using maps.But I forgot the maps and here we were, late afternoon, last day of vacation, my daughter, my cousin and I, driving along a two-lane highway in Oregon.No other car in sight, and the sun had just gone down.Where was that sweet little village?

It was supposed to be right along this river.We drove on, farther into the unknown, river always on the left as our guide.We kept passing farms and fields and now a few lights were coming out.In my head，I was doing a lot of self-criticism：Why didn't we start earlier, bring the map and drive on and on？My cousin and I were both impatient and stressed.My daughter, at least, was happy in the back seat, text messaging a friend.I pulled up on the shoulder of the road to think.

Just then—WOW！Amazing！A new scene had appeared.Where did it come from?

Right there, out of nowhere：a magical misty landscape.Fields stretched in silent purples, with rows of tall trees, darkening in the dusk(黄昏)．I turned the car engine off.All was silent in the hot summer air.Beside us，a plum-colored river hardly moved between a border of trees, its dark lazy water reflecting the last light of day.

How breathtaking！Where had it been？If I had seen even a bit of this beauty while driving along，I could have stopped and taken a look.I had missed it all.

We miss a lot, almost everything, in fact, in our world.Our task-focused filters(过滤器) take care of that, selecting only what we need.We need to get to work.Have some lunch.We see what we need to see, often for the purpose of survival.Gregory Bateson, speaking of beauty, said aesthetic judgment is selection of a fact.In our daily lives, who or what is doing the selecting？Can we make a change？Can we see further?

语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者由于没有做好充分准备导致度假返程迷路，在这时候却遇到了令人惊奇的美丽风景。作者由此感悟，我们在生活中不仅仅是要为了生存去完成各种任务，还应当放慢脚步来欣赏生活中的美。

1．Which of the following might be the destination of the author's driving？ A 

A．Her own home.

B．A vacation spot.

C．A tourist centre.

D．Her cousin's farm.

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句中的“last day of vacation”可知，这是作者一行人假期的最后一天，由此可推知，此时她们在返程，所以作者的目的地应是她自己的家。故选A。

2．What made the author keep blaming herself in the beginning？ D 

A．That the vacation was below her expectations.

B．That she wasn't as good at using maps as before.

C．That her cousin and daughter couldn't get along.

D．That lack of full preparations got her to lose her way.

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In my head，I was doing a lot of self-criticism：Why didn't we start earlier, bring the map and drive on and on？”可知，作者自责的事情是没有为旅行做好充分的准备，导致她迷了路。故选D。

3．The author felt really amazed because  A  .

A．her carelessness brought an unexpected pleasure

B．she discovered a tourist spot unknown to the public

C．she unintentionally reached what she had planned to

D．the right route to her destination came out of nowhere

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Just then—WOW! Amazing！A new scene had appeared.Where did it come from？”可知，作者由于没有做好充分准备导致迷路，在这时候作者一行人遇到了令人惊奇的美丽风景，即作者的粗心带来了意想不到的快乐。故选A。

4．What does the story intend to tell us？ C 

A．Stay cool when you are trapped in trouble.

B．Make a change for the purpose of survival.

C．Slow down your pace to enjoy beauty in life.

D．Be positive because there's always an alternative.

解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者由于没有做好充分准备导致迷路，这却使得她们遇到了令人惊奇的美丽风景。结合倒数第二段中的“If I had seen even a bit of this beauty... I had missed it all.”可知，作者此时感悟，我们应当放慢脚步来欣赏沿途的风景。再根据最后一段可知，本文想告诉我们：放慢脚步，去欣赏生活中的美。故选C。

Ⅲ.应用文写作

(2023·黑龙江省望奎县一中月考)

假如你是李华，你班下周将举行主题为“What Difficulty or Frustration Means to Me”的英语演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿，内容要点包括：

1．最近遇到的困难或挫折；

2．对困难或挫折的认识与应对方法；

3．对未来的期许。

注意：1.词数 100 左右；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

What Difficulty or Frustration Means to Me

Hello, everyone！

That's all.Thank you.

参考范文：

What Difficulty or Frustration Means to Me

Hello, everyone！I'm honored to make a speech here. Honestly speaking，I performed badly in the latest exams. Sad as I was，I've come to understand that the frustration is an opportunity for me.

Personally, frustration contributes to further success. To begin with, frustration is a mirror of my problems, and the relevant knowledge and skills I'm short of stand out. Thus，a schedule to solve them forms shortly. The more advances I've made, the fewer problems I'll be confronted with. Consequently，I'll move on with a sense of achievement and tremendous confidence.

In short, frustration is well received to me.I hope a hit is waiting for me there.

That's all. Thank you！

Ⅳ.读后续写

(2023·沈阳市郊联体一模)

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was last February.Noel，a 28-year-old marketing manager was heading from Iceland's Keflavík International Airport to the capital city Reykjavik with a modern traveler's two essentials：a dream and a GPS unit.What could go wrong?

The dream had been with him since April 14,2010 when he watched the TV news report of the volcano eruption in Iceland.Dark-haired, with a youthful face and thick eyebrows, he had never traveled beyond the United States and his native Mexico.“I want to see this through my own eyes，”he thought as he watched the news on his couch.

Four months later, on a cold winter morning, he was driving from Keflavík International Airport in a rented car toward a hotel in Reykjavik, excited that his one-week journey was beginning.As the pink sun rose over the ocean and shone light on the snow-covered lava rocks along the shore, he dutifully followed the commands of the GPS that came with the car，a calm female voice directing him to an address—a left here，a right there.

But after stopping on a deserted road, he got a feeling that the voice might be steering(引导) him wrong.He had been driving for nearly an hour, yet the GPS put his arrival time at around eight hours later.He entered his destination again and got the same result.Though he sensed that something was off, he made a choice to trust the machine.

The farther he drove, the fewer cars he saw.The roads became icier.He was sleepy, cold and hungry.He hadn't set up his phone for international use, so that was no help.Another three hours passed.As his tires skidded (打滑) along a narrow mountain road that skirted a steep cliff, he knew that the device had failed him.

He was lost.He didn't know where else to go.There was no one else on the road, and there was nothing else to do but follow the line on the screen to its mysterious end.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

The directions ended at a small blue house in a tiny town.

Knowing what had happened, the woman offered to help him.

写作提示：

1．审题：(1)明确故事人物：诺埃尔和一位女士；(2)厘清主要事件：诺埃尔首次离开家乡，到冰岛观看火山喷发。从机场驶向宾馆的途中，诺埃尔一直跟随GPS的指引，但似乎迷了路，并且离目的地越来越远。孤立无援之时，诺埃尔别无他法，只能选择继续跟随GPS的指引。

2．写作要点：(1)根据续写第一段首句“导航的尽头是一个小镇上的一座蓝色小房子。”可知，下文可描写诺埃尔到达房子后发生的事情(如和女士的对话等)；(2)根据续写第二段首句“那位女士知道发生了什么事后，主动提出帮助他。”可知，下文可描写女士是如何帮助诺埃尔的。

参考范文：

The directions ended at a small blue house in a tiny town.Noel parked his car and headed toward the door.An old blue-eyed woman answered after the second knock.She smiled as he stammered his hotel out and handed her his reservation.“No, this isn't the hotel you have booked.Your hotel is 380 kilometers south.”She told him in accented English with a laugh.Noel quickly figured out what happened：The address was wrong with an extra “r” in it.

Knowing what had happened, the woman offered to help him.She provided Noel a free meal and a bed so that he could get a good night's sleep.The next day, Noel decided to drive to Reykjavik.In light of his previous experience, the woman gave him a map with the main roads and landmarks carefully marked on it in case the device went wrong again.With the help of the woman's directions, Noel finally reached his destination.He was so grateful to the woman, who was just a total stranger to him.