新教材适用2024版高考英语一轮总复习练案14必修第三册Unit3DiverseCultures

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练案[14]　必修第三册　UNIT3　DIVERSE CULTURESⅠ.完形填空(2023·湖南省长沙市适应性考试)A 23-year-old woman has achieved an unbelievable feat that many of us dream of—visiting every country on Earth.Lexie Alford was born into a family of travel agents, which gave her the opportunity to  1.C　 places such as Cambodia, Dubai and Egypt during her childhood, according to Forbes magazine.She began saving up at age 12 to  2.A　 her goal of visiting all countries.By her 18th birthday, she had traveled to 72 nations.In October,2016 she realized she could see the  3.D　 nations on her list in time to set an official record.Many people  4.C　 her travel on social media platform Instagram, so she decided to chase the world record partly to  5.A　 others.“Honestly, in the beginning，I  6.B　 wanted to push the  7.A　 of what I thought I could do with my life and see as much of the world as possible in the  8.C　，” she told Forbes.“ It wasn't until things started getting really  9.D　 that I realized I was inspiring people around me, especially the  10.B　.”“I also loved visiting Northern Pakistan, for the natural beauty of the mountains and kindness of the locals were astonishing，”Lexie Alford said.“The most pleasant surprise about traveling to all these misunderstood areas of the world was that the countries that I had the  11.B　 expectation of  12.C　 being the most incredible.”“ My  13.A　 for young people is to believe that you can do anything you set your mind to do.If you want to travel, you have to  14.D　 sacrifices to travel around the world.And it's only a matter of  15.C　 until you can make it a reality.”语篇导读：文章主要讲述了一名23岁的女子莱克茜·奥尔福德完成了一件令人难以置信的事情——游览地球上的每个国家。她的故事激励着无数年轻人。1．A.remark  B．settleC．tour  D．love解析：考查语境&常识推断。根据“Lexie Alford was born into a family of travel agents”及常识可知，莱克茜家是开旅行社的，这应是让她有机会在童年时期就能游览柬埔寨、迪拜和埃及等地。tour意为“游览”，符合语境。remark意为“评论”；settle意为“解决”；love意为“爱”。故选C。2．A.fund  B．quitC．switch  D．register解析：考查语境推断。根据“She began saving up at age 12 to   2   her goal of visiting all countries.”可知，她攒钱的目的在于为实现环游世界的目标提供资金支持。fund意为“为……提供资金”，符合语境。quit意为“放弃；离开”；switch意为“(使)转变；交换”；register意为“注册，登记”。故选A。3．A.powerful  B．idealC．developed  D．remaining解析：考查语境推断。根据上文“By her 18th birthday, she had traveled to 72 nations.”可知，到18岁时她已经去过72个国家，据此可知，此处表示“她意识到要抓紧时间游览她目标清单上剩余的国家”。remaining意为“剩余的”，符合语境。powerful意为“强大的”；ideal意为“理想的”；developed意为“发达的”。故选D。4．A.ranked  B．modifiedC．followed  D．criticized解析：考查语境&常识推断。根据“on social media platform Instagram”及常识可知，此处表示许多人在社交平台Instagram上关注她的旅行。follow意为“关注；密切注意”， 符合语境。rank意为“给……排名”；modify意为“修改”；criticize意为“批评”。故选C。5．A.inspire  B．grillC．understand  D．accompany解析：考查复现推断。根据下文“I realized I was inspiring people around me”可推知，她想要去创造这项纪录的部分原因就是想通过这件事给他人以激励。inspire意为“激励，鼓舞”，符合语境。grill意为“烤炙；追问”；understand意为“理解”；accompany意为“陪伴”。故选A。6．A.occasionally  B．simplyC．completely  D．temporarily解析：考查语境推断。结合上下文内容可知，此处表示她向《福布斯》杂志透露，刚开始的时候自己只是想进一步去追求她认为这一生可以实现的梦想。simply意为“仅仅，只是”，符合语境。occasionally意为“偶尔”；completely“完全地”；temporary意为“暂时地”。故选B。7．A.dream  B．buttonC．family  D．observation解析：考查语境&常识推断。结合语境及常识可知，人一生去追求的东西应该是“梦想”。dream意为“梦想”，符合语境。button意为“按钮，纽扣”；family意为“家庭”；observation意为“观察”。故选A。8．A.platform  B．agencyC．process  D．country解析：考查语境推断。结合上文中的“see as much of the world as possible”可知，此处表示在访问每一个国家的过程中，尽可能多地看世界。process意为“过程，进程”，符合语境。platform意为“平台”；agency意为“代理商”；country意为“国家”。故选C。9．A.dull  B．officialC．natural  D．challenging解析：考查语境推断。根据后半句“I realized I was inspiring people around me”可知，莱克茜所从事的事情是具有挑战性的，所以才会鼓舞他人。challenging意为“有挑战性的”，符合语境。dull意为“乏味的”；official意为“官方的，正式的”；natural意为“自然的”。故选D。10．A.adults  B．youthC．bosses  D．agents解析：考查复现推断。根据最后一段的“My   13   for young people”可知，莱克茜环游世界这件事情正激励着身边的人，尤其是年轻人。youth意为“年轻人”，符合语境。adult意为“成人”；boss意为“老板”；agent意为“代理人”。故选B。11．A.most  B．leastC．greatest  D．worst解析：考查语境推断。结合上下文内容可知，此处指的是“那些原本我最不抱有期待的国家最终却成为让我觉得最美妙的国家”。least意为“最少的”，符合语境。most意为“最多的”；greatest意为“最好的，最伟大的”；worst意为“最糟糕的”。故选B。12．A.started with  B．showed offC．ended up  D．searched for解析：考查语境推断。根据语境可知，莱克茜最开始对一些国家不抱有任何期待，但最终发现它们是最美妙的，上下文形成对比。end up意为“最终成为”，符合语境。start with意为“从……开始”；show off意为“炫耀”；search for意为“寻找”。故选C。13．A.advice  B．compromiseC．belief  D．information解析：考查语境推断。根据“you can do anything you set your mind to do”可知，这是给他人的建议或忠告。advice意为“建议”，符合语境。compromise意为“妥协，让步”；belief意为“信念”；information意为“信息”。故选A。14．A.save  B．appreciateC．worsen  D．make解析：考查语境推断。根据语境可知，此处表示如果你想旅行，你就必须要为环游世界做出牺牲。make sacrifices意为“做出牺牲”， make符合语境。save意为“拯救；节约”；appreciate意为“感激；欣赏”；worsen意为“使恶化，使更糟糕”。故选D。15．A.honor  B．careerC．time  D．assessment解析：考查语境推断。结合语境可知， it指代上文的“to travel around the world”，此处指完成环游世界的目标只是一个时间问题。time意为“时间”，符合语境。honor意为“荣誉”；career意为“职业”；assessment意为“评估”。故选C。Ⅱ.阅读理解(2023·湖南省五市十校联考)Younger readers will discover dinosaurs, stars, explorers, landmarks and more in these maps and travel books chosen by Vivien Godfrey, head of Stanfords.Maps Special Edition，￡25This book was already popular in our children's department and has been made even better with this special edition, which includes 16 new maps.The collection of 68 maps takes you through 58 countries and 6 continents.It is packed with illustrated information, which includes famous historical figures, local dishes, festivals, wild animals and landmarks.Maps of the United Kingdom，￡17.99We held the launch for Maps of the United Kingdom at the Stanfords store in London.Technically aimed at children, it contains lots of information and facts.It's so well put together, especially when it comes to choosing the 7 famous people in connection with each county: Norfolk, for example, includes Boudicca and Philip Pullman.Harry Potter's London：The Film Location Walk, ￡3.99Harry Potter's London：The Film Location Walk is a map that features information on three walks taken in the best locations of Central London featured in the hugely popular films.The walks cover Piccadilly Circus to Westminster Bridge via Trafalgar Square and King's Cross Station, with its famous Platform 9.First Sticker Book Flags，￡5.99Learn the flags of every country in the world by placing the flag stickers on the correct countries on the maps.This contains fascinating facts about countries and why certain flags feature their particular designs.There are fun questions throughout, including，“Some African flags have a diagonal stripe.How many can you find？”语篇导读：本文主要介绍了由斯坦福书店的负责人薇薇恩·戈弗雷推荐的适合年轻的读者阅读的地图册和旅游书籍。1．What do the first and second items have in common？ B  A．They include local cuisine.B．They are intended for children.C．They were released at the same store.D．They can take you through different countries.解析：细节理解题。根据Maps Special Edition，￡25部分第一句中的“This book was already popular in our children's department...”和Maps of the United Kingdom，￡17.99部分第二句“Technically aimed at children, it contains lots of information and facts.”可知，这两本地图册的共同点是它们都是为孩子们设计的。故选B。2．Which of the following features the best locations of Central London？ C  A．Maps Special Edition.B．Maps of the United Kingdom.C．Harry Potter's London：The Film Location Walk.D．First Sticker Book Flags.解析：细节理解题。根据Harry Potter's London：The Film Location Walk, ￡3.99部分第一句“Harry Potter's London：The Film Location Walk is a map that features information on three walks taken in the best locations of Central London featured in the hugely popular films.”可知，这本地图册展示了伦敦中心区最佳的(外景拍摄)地点。故选C。3．Where can the text be found？ D  A．A travel brochure.B．A fashion magazine.C．An online course.D．A bookstore advertisement.解析：推理判断题。文章的主要目的是介绍适合年轻的读者阅读的地图册和旅游书籍，根据文章的第一段“Younger readers will discover dinosaurs, stars, explorers, landmarks and more in these maps and travel books chosen by Vivien Godfrey, head of Stanfords.”也可推断出此文应该是书店的广告。故选D。Ⅲ.七选五(2023·湖南省长沙市适应性考试)Here is some good news for those hating summer heat—July is National Ice Cream Month! 1.G　 The order urges citizens to observe the entire month or at least the third Sunday of July with appropriate ceremonies and activities.This, of course, means eating as much ice cream as possible.Here are some fun ice cream facts.The first record of milk-based ice cream, made from heated milk and flour, came from China's Tang Dynasty.However, the Arabs are regarded as inventing the modern type, using milk and sugar in the 9th century.By the 10th century，a delicious frozen treat using milk, cream, rosewater, dried fruits, and nuts was extremely popular in Baghdad, Damascus, and Cairo.Europeans discovered the icy treat in the 16th century. 2.B　 The dessert was first mentioned in 1744, when Maryland Governor Thomas Bladen served strawberry ice cream to guests.However, due to the lack of refrigerators, it was not until 1851 that ice cream finally became available to the public. 3.E　 An estimated $6 billion is spent annually on the treat, and the number is even higher if restaurant sales are included.Though California produces the most ice cream, the biggest fans, on a per capita(人均的) basis, live in Washington，D.C., Rhode Island, and Wisconsin.Most people think their ice cream choice is a function of their taste preference. 4.F　 Vanilla(香草) ice cream fans are risk-takers who are great at relationships.Strawberry ice cream enthusiasts are devoted.Coffee fans are likely to be serious and perfectionists. 5.A　A．Chocolate fans must be generous and charming.B．But it didn't go to America until the 18th century.C．People all over the world celebrate the special day.D．Everyone, especially children, loved eating ice cream.E．Americans are now one of the world's largest ice cream consumers.F．Dr.Alan Hirsch, however, believes it reflects an individual's personality.G．The“cool”holiday was made by former US President Reagan on July 9,1984.语篇导读：本文讲述了冰淇淋的发展历史，以及冰淇淋的选择与个性的关系等。解析：1．考查语境推断。设空处位于本段段首，应是段落的主题句。根据设空处后的“The order urges citizens to...”可知，设空处应提到The order所指代的内容。G项(这一“凉爽”的节日是由美国前总统里根于1984年7月9日设立的。)符合语境，选项中的The“cool”holiday was made与The order相呼应。故选G。2．考查语境推断。结合本段内容可知，本段是在讲述冰淇淋的发展历史。设空处上句提到，欧洲人于16世纪发现了这种冰爽的美食；设空处下句提到，这种甜点首次出现于1744年，马里兰州州长用草莓冰淇淋招待客人。由此可知，设空处应是提到冰淇淋在美国的历史。B项(但它直到18世纪才进入美国。)符合语境。故选B。3．考查语境推断。设空处位于本段段首，应是段落的主题句。根据本段内容特别是“An estimated $6 billion is spent annually on the treat...”可知，本段是在介绍冰淇淋在美国非常受欢迎。E项(美国人现在是世界上最大的冰淇淋消费者之一。)符合语境，空后一句是对此种情况的具体介绍。故选E。4．考查语境&逻辑推断。设空处上句讲到冰淇淋的选择与个人口味偏好相关，而空后内容则列举了不同口味的冰淇淋代表何种性格特征。由此可知，设空处应是起到转折的作用。F项(然而，艾伦·赫希博士认为，它反映了个人的性格。)符合语境，且后文内容对选项中的individual's personality进行了具体说明。故选F。5．考查语境推断。由前文列举的“Vanilla(香草) ice cream fans”， “Strawberry ice cream enthusiasts”以及“Coffee fans”可知， 此处也是对不同口味的冰淇淋代表何种性格特征的列举。A项(巧克力口味冰淇淋爱好者一定慷慨且有魅力。)承接上文，符合语境。故选A。Ⅳ.语法填空(2023·江苏省六市一模)China's biang biang noodles are taking the world by storm—yet the dish's name doesn't  1.officially　(official)exist.Here in Xi'an, the capital of China's Shaanxi Province and one of the country's oldest cities, the craft of noodle-pulling is so twisted together with the blowing sound  2.that　 the noise ended up inspiring this dish's curious name：biang biang noodles.The onomatopoeic (拟声的)“ biang ” character  3.is meant　(mean) to imitate the sound of flour mixed with water hitting a counter.It is also  4.more complex　(complex) to write than common characters in the Chinese language.In the past centuries, Shaanxi's biang biang noodles were no more than  5.a　 humble local dish.Compared to other noodle  6.varieties　(variety) from northwest China, biang biang noodles were less known outside,  7.but/yet　 they were a comforting and beloved food among locals, for whom the back story and the written character were common knowledge.In recent years, biang biang noodles and their associated custom have become more widely known across China,  8.driven　(drive) in part by social media's interest in the made-up“biang”character.Now, the dish is passing through land and sea from its humble beginning  9.to　 the hearts and mouths of diners all over the world—a breakthrough that many people haven't expected  10.to be　(be) delightful.语篇导读：文章主要介绍了陕西的美食——biangbiang面的起源及发展。解析：1．考查副词。句意：中国的biangbiang面风靡世界，但是这道菜的名字并不正式存在。设空处修饰动词exist，应用副词officially，意为“正式地”。故填officially。2．考查状语从句。句意：中国陕西省的省会西安是中国最古老的城市之一，在这里拉面的手艺与拉面摔打的声音如此结合在一起，以至于(拉面摔打)产生的噪声最终激发人们给这道菜起了一个奇特的名字：biangbiang面。so... that是固定句型，表示“如此……以至于”，其中that引导结果状语从句。故填that。3．考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：拟声字“biang”意在模仿面粉和水混合撞击(厨房)台面而产生的声音。分析句子结构可知， The onomatopoeic(拟声的)“biang”character为句子的主语，设空处应作谓语；mean sb./sth.to do sth.表示“有意让某人/某物做某事”，此处应用被动语态，且句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语为单数，谓语也应用单数。故填is meant。4．考查形容词比较级。句意：它的书写也比汉语里的常见汉字都要复杂。由后面的than可知，此处应用形容词complex的比较级more complex。故填more complex。5．考查冠词。句意：在过去的几个世纪里，陕西的biangbiang面只不过是一道普通的地方菜。空后的名词dish意为“菜肴”时是可数名词，且此处泛指“一道菜”，所以应用不定冠词来修饰， humble的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。6．考查名词复数。句意：与中国西北其他种类的面条相比， biangbiang面在西安以外的地方鲜为人知，但在当地人心目中， biangbiang面是一种令人欣慰且深受喜爱的食物，对他们来说， biangbiang面背后的故事和其汉字的书写都是常识。variety在此处表示“种类”，是可数名词，且由前面的other可知，此处表示“其他种类的面条”，不止一种，应用复数形式。故填varieties。7．考查连词。句意见上一题解析。前后内容在语义上是转折关系，应用表示转折关系的连词but或yet。故填but/yet。8．考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来， biangbiang面及其相关习俗在中国各地越来越广为人知，部分原因是社交媒体对杜撰的“biang”字感兴趣。分析句子结构可知， have become为句子的谓语，且与动词drive之间无连词连接，故设空处应用非谓语动词形式作状语，其逻辑主语是前面的整个句子，二者之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填driven。9．考查介词。句意：现在，这道菜正从它刚开始的普普通通到现在穿越海陆传递到世界各地食客的心中和口中——这是一个很多人都没有预料到且令人愉快的突破。from... to...是固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。故填to。10．考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。expect sb./sth.to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“预料某人/某物做某事”。故填to be。