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精品解析：重庆市渝东九校联盟2021-2022学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份精品解析：重庆市渝东九校联盟2021-2022学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
重庆市渝东九校联盟高2023届(高二下)期中联考
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the speakers go back to London?
A. By air. B. By train. C. By car.
2. When will the speakers meet?
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday.
3. What will the man do tonight?
A. Attend a meeting. B. Stay at home. C. Go to a club.
4. What will the weather be like this weekend?
A. Snowy. B. Stormy. C. Fine.
5. What is wrong with the man?
A. His feet hurt. B. His shoes don’t fit him. C. He missed a long walk yesterday.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is Alice going to do?
A. Give Bill a surprise. B. Take Bill to a party. C. Pick Bill up from work.
7. Who will bring dessert?
A. Susan. B. Joe. C. Jim.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers discussing?
A. A car accident. B. A car theft. C. A car park.
9. What is said about Howard’s car?
A. It was recently bought. B. It is not insured. C. It is a good deal.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man have to do?
A. Choose a course. B. Speak French at home. C. Give a talk in Spanish.
11. What does the woman suggest the man consider?
A. Language environment. B. Difficulty level. C. Practical use.
12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Old classmates.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does John go to work on rainy days?
A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By car.
14. What does John usually do on weekends?
A. He bakes something. B. He learns cooking. C. He buys sweets.
15. When does Carol eat out?
A. When she has a busy day at work.
B. When she doesn’t know what to eat.
C. When her husband is too busy to cook.
16. What does Carol think of the restaurants?
A. They are popular. B. They are diverse. C. They are expensive.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What will the children do during the trip?
A. Admire artworks. B. Talk with scientists. C. Do voluntary work.
18. How long will it take to get to the destination?
A. About half an hour. B. About one hour. C. About two hours.
19. What is free of charge?
A. The lunch. B. The bus ride. C. The entrance fee.
20. Who is the talk mainly for?
A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Parents.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Young Artist Award
Qualification
The competition is open to all schools including pre-schools in Fife Scotland. Teachers have the right to pre-select pupils’ works before submitting entries from the school. Entries will not be accepted from the children or relatives of employees of the Museums of the University of St Andrews or any other person who is directly concerned with the organization of the competition.
Format of artwork
Works may be created in any forms including painting, sculpture, drawings, prints, photography, pottery, etc.
How to submit your entry
Entries can be made through the relevant school or directly by pupils from home.
Entries can be submitted via email or WeTransfer to museumlearning@st-andrews.ac.uk.
Entries may also be delivered by post.
It will not be possible to hand-deliver entries.
Information needed
Each individual entry must have the following information marked clearly on it otherwise it will not be considered:
*Pupil’s name
*Class and age
*Name of teacher /school contact (if entered via school) OR home address and contact email address if entered from home
*School name, address, email and telephone number
Prizes
All schools who enter the competition will receive a specially designed certificate in acknowledgement and recognition of their participation. In addition, winning pupils will receive:
1st place: Young Artist Award Medal and £40 token (代金券) for art materials
2nd place: Young Artist Award Medal and £25 token for art materials
3rd place: Young Artist Award Medal and £10 token for art materials
No alternative to any prize is available and the prizes shall be non-transferable.
Competition closing date
Entries must be received no later than 5 pm on 19th June this year.
1. Who is qualified to take part in this competition?
A. A high school student from England. B. A kindergarten kid from Fife, Scotland.
C. A home schooled student from Scotland. D. An employee of the University of St Andrews.
2. Which of the following entries will be considered?
A. Those delivered by hand.
B. Those posted on 20th June.
C. Those sent from home without a school address.
D. Those made through school without a home address.
3. What will a 1st place winner receive?
A. Some art materials. B. A certificate.
C. £40 in cash. D. A medal.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章发布的是征集Fife, Scotland地区的学生艺术作品参加大奖赛的广告。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The competition is open to all schools including pre-schools in Fife, Scotland.(比赛对苏格兰Fife地区所有学校开放，包括幼儿园)”可知，苏格兰法夫区的幼儿园孩子可以参加此次大赛，kindergarten属于pre-schools。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Information needed部分“Each individual entry must have the following information marked clearly on it otherwise it will not be considered: ...*Name of teacher /school contact (if entered via school) OR home address and contact email address if entered from home(每份参赛作品必须清楚注明下列资料，否则将不获考虑：... *老师/学校联系人姓名(如果通过学校参赛)或家庭地址和联系电子邮件地址(如果从家里参赛))”可知，如果通过学校参赛的作品只需有学校或老师的信息及联系方式，没有家庭地址也可以。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prizes部分“1st place: Young Artist Award Medal and £40 token (代金券) for art materials(第一名：青年艺术家奖奖章和40英镑的艺术材料代金券)”可知，第一名获得者可得到一枚medal(奖牌，奖章)及一张40英镑的代金券。故选D项。
B
Holidaymakers who are bored with baking beaches and overheated hotel rooms head for a big igloo (冰屋). Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel, the world’s first igloo hotel. Built in a small town in Lapland, it has been attracting lots of visitors, but soon the fun will be over.
In two weeks’ time Bergqvist’s ice creation (作品) will be nothing more than a pool of water. “We don’t see it as a big problem,” he says. “We just look forward to replacing it.”
Bergqvist built his first igloo in 1991 for an art exhibition. It was so successful that he designed the present one, which measures roughly 200 square meters. Six workmen spent more than eight weeks piling 1,000 tons of snow onto a wooden base: when the snow froze, the base was removed. “The only wooden thing we have left in the igloo is the front door.” he says.
After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success. With no windows, nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0℃, it may seem more like a survival test than a relaxing hotel break. “It’s great fun,” Bergqvist explains, “as well as a good start in survival training.”
The popularity of the igloo is beyond doubt: it is now attracting tourists from all over the world. At least 800 people have stayed at the igloo this season even though there are only 10 rooms. “You can get a lot of people in” explains Bergqvist, “The beds are three meters wide by two meters long, and can fit at least four at one time.”
4. What inspired Bergqvist to create the world’s first igloo hotel?
A. Growing demand for more hotel rooms. B. People’s curiosity for new things.
C. His being fond of living in a small town. D. An art exhibition to be held
5. What does “the fun will be over.” mean in paragraph 1?
A. Hotel guests will lose interest soon. B. A more fascinating one will replace the old one
C. The igloo will turn into a pool of water. D. No visitors will come here.
6. Why did the writer say it was more like a survival test than a relaxing hotel break?
A. The Igloo may melt and fall down. B. You may lose your life.
C. Because its condition is extremely poor. D. You have nothing to eat.
7. What may be people’s feeling of staying in the igloo?
A. Horrible. B. Regretful. C. Comfortable. D. Excited.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞典商人尼罗·伯格奎斯特创建的全世界第一家冰屋酒店。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Holidaymakers who are bored with baking beaches and overheated hotel rooms head for a big igloo (冰屋). Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel, the world’s first igloo hotel.(厌倦了炙热的海滩和过热的酒店房间的度假者会选择一个大冰屋。瑞典商人尼罗·伯格奎斯特对他的新酒店很满意，这是世界上第一家冰屋酒店)”可推知，厌倦了炙热的海滩和过热的酒店房间的度假者会对一个大冰屋感兴趣，对这种全新的酒店感到好奇，这启发了Bergqvist创建世界上第一家冰屋酒店。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Built in a small town in Lapland, it has been attracting lots of visitors, but soon the fun will be over.(它建在拉普兰的一个小镇上，吸引了许多游客，但很快乐趣就会结束)”和第二段中“In two weeks’ time Bergqvist’s ice creation (作品) will be nothing more than a pool of water.(两周后，Bergqvist创造的冰屋将变成一摊水)”可推知，“the fun will be over.”指的是冰屋两周后就会化成一摊水。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success. With no windows, nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0℃, it may seem more like a survival test than a relaxing hotel break.(在他们停留之后，所有的游客都会收到一份生存证书，记录他们的成功。没有窗户，没有地方挂衣服，气温低于0℃，看起来更像是一场生存测试，而不是放松的酒店假期)”可推知，冰屋的条件非常差，所以作者说它更像是一场生存测试，而不是一次放松的酒店假期。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“With no windows, nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0℃, it may seem more like a survival test than a relaxing hotel break.(没有窗户，没有地方挂衣服，气温低于0℃，看起来更像是一场生存测试，而不是放松的酒店假期)”和第五段中“The popularity of the igloo is beyond doubt: it is now attracting tourists from all over the world. At least 800 people have stayed at the igloo this season even though there are only 10 rooms.(冰屋的受欢迎程度是毋庸置疑的：它现在正吸引着来自世界各地的游客。这个季节至少有800人住在这个冰屋里，尽管只有10个房间)”可知，尽管冰屋的条件非常差，但仍然吸引了来自世界各地的游客，由此推知，游客来冰屋是为了寻求刺激。故选D项。
C
Researchers from the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) discovered that ant species Formica fusca (丝光褐林蚁) has a well developed sense of smell. It was able to tell cancerous cells from healthy cells in humans, thanks to their sense of smell. But more clinical tests must be carried out before they could be used in clinical settings like hospitals, the team said. They suggest that in future, ants could turn out to be better at dogs when it comes to locating cancerous cells in humans.
To conduct their research, the scientists performed tests with 36 ants. First, the specialists exposed the ants to the smell of a sample of cancerous human cells. This odor (气味) was then associated with a reward of sugar. In a second step, the researchers exposed the ants to two different odors. One was a new healthy smell and the second was the smell of the cancerous cells. The test showed ants can tell the two kinds of smell successfully.
The researchers exposed the ants to different cancerous cells in the next test. They found that ants distinguish between two cancerous cells. After training Formica fusca ants are able to detect organic compounds (合成物) given off by cancerous cells.
This isn’t the first time that scientists have used the animal sense of smell to locate cancerous cells. “Dogs’ noses are well suited for medical diagnosis (诊断) and used for the detection of cancer,” the researchers explained. However, training them requires several months to a year. On the other hand, insects can be easily raised, they are inexpensive, they have a very well-developed smelling system and hundreds of individuals can be conditioned with very few trials.
The approach could potentially be adapted to a range of other complex odor detection tasks including the detection of explosives, spoiled food, or other diseases, including malaria, infections, and diabetes (糖尿病).
8. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. Ants can distinguish cancerous cells owing to their smell
B. Researchers found all ants have the ability to tell cancerous cells
C. Formica fusca was used in clinical settings to locate cancerous cells
D. Researchers found that ants have a better sense of smell than dogs.
9. What is the purpose of the second study?
A. To show ants have the ability to tell healthy from cancerous cells.
B. To prove that ants can be used to cure cancers.
C. To show ants have the ability to distinguish two different kinds of cancerous cells.
D. To improve ants’ accuracy in telling cancerous cells.
10. What does the underlined word mean?
A. controlled. B. distinguished. C. trained. D. fed.
11. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A brochure B. A guidebook. C. A novel D. A magazine.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现蚂蚁由于具有发达的嗅觉能力，所以能够辨别出人类身上的癌症细胞。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Researchers from the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) discovered that ant species Formica fusca (丝光褐林蚁) has a well developed sense of smell. It was able to tell cancerous cells from healthy cells in humans, thanks to their sense of smell. But more clinical tests must be carried out before they could be used in clinical settings like hospitals, the team said. They suggest that in future, ants could turn out to be better at dogs when it comes to locating cancerous cells in humans.(来自法国国家科学研究中心(CNRS)的研究人员发现，丝光褐林蚁具有发达的嗅觉。它能够区分人类身上的癌细胞和健康细胞。但该团队表示，在将其用于医院等临床环境之前，必须进行更多的临床试验。他们认为，在未来，蚂蚁可能会比狗更擅长定位人类体内的癌细胞。)”可知因为具有较强的嗅觉，所以蚂蚁能够区分人类身上的癌细胞和健康细胞。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The researchers exposed the ants to different cancerous cells in the next test. They found that ants distinguish between two cancerous cells. After training, Formica fusca ants are able to detect organic compounds (合成物) given off by cancerous cells.(在接下来的测试中，研究人员将蚂蚁暴露在不同的癌细胞中。他们发现蚂蚁能区分两种癌细胞。经过训练，丝光褐林蚁能够检测出癌细胞释放的有机化合物。)”可知在第二次研究中研究人员将蚂蚁暴露在两种不同的癌细胞中，结果发现蚂蚁可以辨别出两种不同的癌细胞，所以可以推断第二项研究的目的是为了来显示蚂蚁有能力区分两种不同类型的癌细胞。故选C项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词之前““Dogs’ noses are well suited for medical diagnosis (诊断) and used for the detection of cancer,” the researchers explained.However, training them requires several months to a year. On the other hand, insects can be easily raised, they are inexpensive, they have a very well-developed smelling system and hundreds of individuals (研究人员解释说：“狗的鼻子非常适合医学诊断，并用于检测癌症。”然而，培训它们需要几个月到一年的时间。另一方面，昆虫很容易被饲养，它们价格便宜，它们有一个非常发达的嗅觉系统和数百个个体)”以及划线词之后“with very few trials(只有很少的实验)”可以推测相对于狗所需要的长期训练而言，因为昆虫的嗅觉比较发达，所以几百只昆虫经过很少的实验即训练就可以达到理想的效果，所以此处划线词的意思和C项trained意思相近。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Researchers from the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) discovered that ant species Formica fusca (丝光褐林蚁) has a well developed sense of smell. It was able to tell cancerous cells from healthy cells in humans, thanks to their sense of smell. But more clinical tests must be carried out before they could be used in clinical settings like hospitals, the team said.(来自法国国家科学研究中心(CNRS)的研究人员发现，蚁群具有发达的嗅觉。由于人类的嗅觉，它能够区分癌细胞和健康细胞。但该团队表示，在将其用于医院等临床环境之前，必须进行更多的临床试验。)”以及文章的其他段落的内容可知本文是在围绕着研究人员的最近的一项研究成果来展开，所以文章最有可能来自于科学期刊或杂志。故选D项。
D
Airplane crashes are rare. When they do happen, however, they are often deadly and people want answers as to why their loved ones lost their lives, and that is where black boxes come into play.
A black box is a device placed in an aircraft to make the investigation of aviation accidents easy.
There are two different flight recorder devices. The flight data recorder (FDR) preserves things like air speed, altitude, and fuel flow and has about 25 hours of recording storage. The cockpit (驾驶舱) voice recorder (CVR) preserves the recent history of the sounds in the cockpit, including the conversation of the pilots. However, a cockpit video recorder can store only two hours of voice recording. Both of them are mandatory on every commercial flight and are usually kept in the back end of an aircraft, where they are more likely to survive a crash.
Equipped with an underwater locator beacon (水下定位信标), if an aircraft crashes into water, the beacon sends out an ultrasonic pulse (超声波脉冲). Incredibly, the beacon is powered by a battery that has a shelf life of six years; once the beacon begins pinging (发出信号), it pings once per second for 30 days until its battery runs out. If a plane crash takes place on land and not on water, the locator beacons of the black box will not send out the ultrasonic pings, signaling the investigators to look for the unit around the crash site.
The term “black box” was a World War II British phrase, originating with the development of radio, radar, and electronic navigational aids in British and Allied combat aircraft (盟军战斗机). These often-secret electronic devices were literally encased in non-reflective black boxes or housings, hence resulting in the birth of “black box”.
These black boxes are of fluorescent (发荧光的) flame-orange in color. The recorders are bright orange so to make them more visually obvious after an accident. These are able to stand extreme heat, crashes and massive pressure. Before being put into use, they are examined repetitively in extreme situations to see if they can conduct the functions well.
12. If you want to know how high the plane was flying, you should check the ______.
A. the flight data recorder. B. the cockpit voice recorder.
C. an underwater locator beacon. D. the data of the analysis of the examination.
13. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The recorders are bright orange in that the color is obviously the most beautiful.
B. The black boxes will be put into use after being examined by experts.
C. The beacon sends out an ultrasonic pulse when the plane crashes in the mountains.
D. The back end of the plane is least likely to be damaged in a crash.
14. What is the main idea of paragraph 5?
A. How the black box got its name.
B. Some latest advances in military.
C. The black box will be taught in this new term.
D. The cruelty of the world war II.
15. What is the purpose of writing the passage?
A. To present the latest improvement in the black box.
B. To make a brief introduction to the black box.
C. To explain how the black box works.
D. To advertise an advanced black box.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了什么是黑匣子，黑匣子的作用及组成部分等。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“The flight data recorder (FDR) preserves things like air speed, altitude, and fuel flow and has about 25 hours of recording storage.”（飞行数据记录器（FDR）保存了飞行速度、高度和燃料流量等信息，并具有约25小时的记录存储时间。）可知，飞行数据记录器保存了飞行高度的信息，由此可知，如果你想知道飞机飞得有多高，你应该检查飞行数据记录器。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Both of them are mandatory on every commercial flight and are usually kept in the back end of an aircraft, where they are more likely to survive a crash.”（它们在每次商业飞行中都是强制性的，通常都放在飞机的后端，在那里它们更有可能在坠机后幸存下来。）可知，黑匣子通常都放在飞机的后端，因为在那里它们更有可能在坠机后幸存下来，由此可知，飞机的后端在坠毁时最不可能被损坏，所以黑匣子通常都放在那里。故选D项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段内容“The term “black box” was a World War II British phrase, originating with the development of radio, radar, and electronic navigational aids in British and Allied combat aircraft (盟军战斗机). These often-secret electronic devices were literally encased in non-reflective black boxes or housings, hence resulting in the birth of “black box”.”（“黑匣子”一词是第二次世界大战期间英国的一个短语，起源于英国和盟军战斗机上无线电、雷达和电子导航设备的发展。这些通常是秘密的电子设备实际上被封装在不反光的黑匣子或外壳中，因此产生了“黑匣子”。）可知，“黑匣子”一词是第二次世界大战期间英国的一个短语，因为无线电、雷达和电子导航等秘密的电子设备被封装在不反光的黑匣子或外壳中，因此得名“黑匣子”，由此可知，第五段主要介绍了“黑匣子”是如何得名的。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段内容“A black box is a device placed in an aircraft to make the investigation of aviation accidents easy.”（黑匣子是放置在飞机上的一种装置，可以方便地调查航空事故。）和第三段关键句“There are two different flight recorder devices.”（有两种不同的飞行记录仪设备。）可知，文章简单介绍了什么是黑匣子，黑匣子的作用及组成部分等，由此可知，这篇文章的写作目的是简单介绍一下黑匣子。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People set goals for their lives. Perhaps you want to lose weight, learn a new skill or read 30 books a year. But then you get busy and your daily life takes up all of your time. Before you know it, weeks, then months have gone by and you are no closer to your goal. ____16____
1. Make a specific plan
Adding details to your plan helps you act better. Be sure to add when and where. If your goal is to work out five days each week, a plan like “I’ll work out on weekdays” would be too vague. But a detailed plan like “I’ll exercise at the gym on weekdays during my lunch break” would fit the bill. ____17____ For example, if you plan to work out during lunch, you’ll be sure to refuse a lunch invitation from others.
2. Consider punishment
This may sound difficult, but ensuring you’ll face some punishment if you don’t achieve your goal can work wonders. One easy way to do this is to tell a few people about your goal. You’ll feel ashamed if they check back later and find out you haven’t followed through. Feeling ashamed is a kind of spiritual punishment. You can also make a bet with a friend that you’ll stick to your goal. ____18____
3. Make it fun
Most of us concentrate on the final result when it comes to achieving our goals. ____19____ Are you enjoying the process of pursuing you goal? If it’s not fun to exercise or study, you’re unlikely to keep at it. But if you get pleasure from your works or study sessions, you’ll persist longer. It’s the pursuit of your goals-not the reaching of them-that makes up the weeks, days and hours of our lives. So make sure to have fun along the way!
4. Get a little help from your friends
Spending time around high achievers can boost your own performance. If your aim is to run a marathon or write a book, you’d be wise to start hanging around friends who’ve made it to the finish line and can show you how it’s done. You’ll learn a lot just by spending time together with these friends. ____20____ Giving someone else tips on how to achieve boosts your self-confidence and motivates you to achieve success.
A. There is evidence that cash punishment motivates success.
B. It can also help you avoid interruptions.
C. Coaching friends with shared goals can improve your success rate, too.
D. Who could you turn to for help?
E. If you want to stick to it, try the following strategies.
F. But focusing too much on it can make us ignore an even more important thing.
G. Friends are well aware of your strengths and weaknesses.
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. A 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了实现目标的策略。
【16题详解】
上文“People set goals for their lives. Perhaps you want to lose weight, learn a new skill or read 30 books a year. But then you get busy and your daily life takes up all of your time. Before you know it, weeks, then months have gone by and you are no closer to your goal. (人们为自己的生活设定目标。也许你想减肥，学一项新技能，或者一年读30本书。但是当你变得忙碌，你的日常生活占据了你所有的时间。不知不觉中，几周，几个月过去了，你离你的目标还是很远)”提出问题：我们设定目标却无法实现，下文“1. Make a specific plan”、“2. Consider punishment”、“3. Make it fun”、“4. Get a little help from your friends”给出4个策略，E项“If you want to stick to it, try the following strategies.(如果你想坚持下去，试试下面的策略)”承上启下，引出下文策略。上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【17题详解】
上文“But a detailed plan like “I’ll exercise at the gym on weekdays during my lunch break” would fit the bill. (但一个详细的计划，比如“我将在工作日的午休时间去健身房锻炼”，就符合要求了)”讲制定详细计划的重要性， B项“It can also help you avoid interruptions.(它还可以帮助你避免被打扰)”承接上文，说明制定详细计划的好处，下文“For example, if you plan to work out during lunch, you’ll be sure to refuse a lunch invitation from others.(例如，如果你计划在午餐时间锻炼，你肯定会拒绝别人的午餐邀请)”举例说明具体好处。故选B项。
【18题详解】
上文“You can also make a bet with a friend that you’ll stick to your goal. (你也可以和朋友打赌，你会坚持你的目标)”讲与朋友打赌，A项“There is evidence that cash punishment motivates success.(有证据表明，现金惩罚能激发成功)”承接上文，说明打赌、惩罚的作用，照应小标题“Consider punishment”。故选A项。
【19题详解】
上文“Most of us concentrate on the final result when it comes to achieving our goals. (当谈到实现我们的目标时，我们大多数人都专注于最终结果)”讲我们过于专注结果，下文“Are you enjoying the process of pursuing you goal? If it’s not fun to exercise or study, you’re unlikely to keep at it. But if you get pleasure from your works or study sessions, you’ll persist longer. It’s the pursuit of your goals-not the reaching of them-that makes up the weeks, days and hours of our lives. So make sure to have fun along the way!(你享受追求目标的过程吗?如果运动或学习没有乐趣，你就不可能坚持下去。但如果你从工作或学习中得到乐趣，你就会坚持得更久。追求目标——而不是达到目标——构成了我们生命中的每一个星期、每一天、每一个小时。所以一定要在这个过程中玩得开心!)”讲过程中的乐趣更重要，F项“But focusing too much on it can make us ignore an even more important thing.(但过于关注它会让我们忽略更重要的事情)”承上启下，说明过于专注结果会忽略过程中的乐趣。故选F项。
【20题详解】
下文“Giving someone else tips on how to achieve boosts your self-confidence and motivates you to achieve success.(给别人一些关于如何取得成功的建议可以增强你的自信，激励你取得成功)”提出帮助别人可以提升自己，C项“Coaching friends with shared goals can improve your success rate, too.(指导有共同目标的朋友也可以提高你的成功率)”表达了同样的意思，句中“Coaching friends”与下文“Giving someone else tips”相照应。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案
When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year, she started having problems with her ____21____, notably dryness and discomfort.
“I was simply ____22____ a terrible experience,” MS. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. “I felt so ____23____ and insecure because the quality of my life was affected.”
Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had similar problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in silence.
“Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so ____24____,” she said. “But more and more are suffering and lives are being compromised (妥协)”
Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research ____25____ at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team ____26____ Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done ground- breaking (开拓性的) work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising ____27____ for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman MeyerZeifman. ____28____ she has raised $110,000 with another $40,000 ____29____.
“I’m trying to get more and more people to _____30_____ that there are solutions,” said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after _____31_____. “I say there is no old _____32_____, here’s only neglect (忽视). Don’t stand still, do something about it.”
Ms. Burdeyney _____33_____ that she was hoping to do more for the research project. “I just want to bring _____34_____ into people’s eyes and this is just the _____35_____. There is still a long way to go.”
21. A. eyes B. backs C. head D. ears
22. A. insisting on B. going through C. going over D. holding on
23. A. hopeful B. peaceful C. lucky D. helpless
24. A. interrupting B. unimportant C. abnormal D. unbearable
25. A. lesson B. conference C. program D. course
26. A. suspected B. informed C. included D. fired
27. A. information B. awareness C. questions D. money
28. A. So far B. In turn C. Once more D. Again and again
29. A. earned B. collected C. wasted D. expected
30. A. believe B. forget C. remember D. confirm
31. A. marriage B. retirement C. childbirth D. graduation
32. A. rule B. efforts C. age D. time
33. A. added B. commented C. warned D. learned
34. A. color B. sunshine C. light D. beauty
35. A. way B. fact C. truth D. beginning
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了74岁的伯德尼眼睛出现问题，她开始积极地为相关眼科研究项目提供帮助，筹措资金，以寻求解决问题方法。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年贝弗利·伯德尼74岁时，她的眼睛开始出现问题，尤其是干涩和不舒服。A. eyes眼睛；B. backs背部；C. head头；D. ears耳朵。根据句中“notably dryness and discomfort.”和下文“Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research 5 at Tel Aviv University in Israel.”可知，年迈的伯德尼眼睛出现问题。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只是经历了一段可怕的遭遇。A. insisting on坚持；B. going through经历；C. going over检查；D. holding on抓住。根据句中“a terrible experience”和下文“I felt so 3 and insecure because the quality of my life was affected.”可知，伯德尼经历了可怕的遭遇。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常无助和没有安全感，因为我的生活质量受到了影响。A. hopeful有希望的；B. peaceful和平的；C. lucky幸运的；D. helpless无助的。根据句中“insecure”和“the quality of my life was affected”可知，空格处也一种不好的感受，结合选项，helpless符合语境。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人愿意谈论它，因为它看起来太不重要了。A. interrupting中断的；B. unimportant不重要的；C. abnormal异常的；D. unbearable难以忍受的。根据上文“that they were largely suffering in silence”和句中“Nobody chooses to talk about it”可推知，其他老人不愿意谈论自己的眼睛问题，因为觉得不重要。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，伯德尼了解到以色列特拉维夫大学有一个眼科研究项目的计划。A. lesson课程；B. conference会议；C. program项目；D. course课程。根据下文“Ms. Burdeyney began raising 7 for the project with a friend”可知，这是一个研究项目；project与program是同义复现。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究小组包括加拿大医生艾伦·斯洛莫维奇，他在使用干细胞进行眼部护理方面取得了突破性进展。A. suspected怀疑；B. informed通知；C. included包括；D. fired解雇。根据句中“who has done ground- breaking (开拓性的) work on eye care using stem cells”可知，加拿大医生艾伦·斯洛莫维奇是该项目的重要领头人，所以研究小组包括艾伦·斯洛莫维奇医生。故选C项。
27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到了一线希望，伯德尼开始与朋友、多伦多商人梅耶·泽夫曼一起为这个项目筹集资金。A. information信息；B. awareness认识；C. questions问题；D. money金钱。根据下文“she has raised $110,000”可知，伯德尼和朋友为该项目筹钱。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：到目前为止，她已经筹集了11万美元，预计还会再筹集4万美元。A. So far到目前为止；B. In turn轮流；C. Once more再一次；D. Again and again一再。根据句中“has raised $110,000”可知，这是目前他们筹集到的资金；用so far作时间状语。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，她已经筹集了11万美元，预计还会再筹集4万美元。A. earned赚取；B. collected收集、筹集；C. wasted浪费；D. expected预计。根据句中“another”可知，这4万美元是预计将筹集到的资金。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我正努力让越来越多的人相信，解决办法是有的，”伯德尼说。她是一名训练有素的护士，退休后仍在做私人教练。A. believe相信；B. forget忘记；C. remember记得；D. confirm确认。根据句中“there are solutions,”可知，这是伯德尼想让人们相信的事情。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我正努力让越来越多的人相信，解决办法是有的，”伯德尼说。她是一名训练有素的护士，退休后仍在做私人教练。A. marriage婚姻；B. retirement退休；C. childbirth生育；D. graduation毕业。根据第一段中“When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year”可知，伯德尼已经74了，已经退休。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为没有老年，只有忽视。A. rule规则；B. efforts努力；C. age年龄；D. time时间。根据上文可知，伯德尼眼睛出了问题后，并没有像其它老人那样保持沉默，而是积极主动去寻求解决办法。结合句中“here’s only neglect (忽视).”可推知，伯德尼认为年老并不是问题的关键，关键老年人自己忽视了健康。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：伯德尼补充说，她希望为这个研究项目做更多的事情。A. added增加、补充；B. commented评论；C. warned警告；D. learned学到。句中“she was hoping to do more for the research project.”是伯德尼补充说的话。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是想让人们看到光明，而这仅仅是个开始。A. color颜色；B. sunshine阳光；C. light光明；D. beauty美丽。根据上文可知，伯德尼和很多老人眼睛出了问题，结合句中“into people’s eyes”可知，她想给人们带来光明。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是想让人们看到光明，而这仅仅是个开始。A. way道路；B. fact事实；C. truth真相；D. beginning开始。根据下文“There is still a long way to go.”可知，这只是开始，路还长。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The flame lighting ceremony for the Beijing 2022 Winter Paralympic Games ____36____ (hold) at the Badaling section of the Great Wall in Beijing on March 2nd. ____37____ first torchbearer (火炬手) is 73-year-old climber Xia Boyu.
Xia Boyu, ____38____ (born) in 1949, made his dream come true after four failed attempts. Xia’s first attempt ____39____ (climb) Mount Qomolangma was in 1975 as part of a group of 20 Chinese climbers. The harsh ____40____ (condition) resulted in severe frostbite in Xia’s legs and the doctor had to amputate (截肢) his both feet. Nevertheless, he did not give up and made up his mind to devote ____41____ (he) to pursuing his goal. He made three separate attempts between 2014 and 2016, but snowstorm and avalanches stopped him from success. On May 14th, 2018, Xia, committed ____42____ one dream, reached the world’s ____43____ (high) mountain from the south side in Nepal, at an age ____44____ most people are enjoying life. These precious moments are recorded in a documentary, To the Summit, which recently opened in movie theaters nationwide.
His journey still _____45_____ (continue) and he plans to climb peaks on all seven continents and explore the South and North Poles.
【答案】36. was held
37. The 38. born
39. to climb
40. conditions
41. himself 42. to
43. highest
44. when 45. continues
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2022年冬季残奥会火炬手夏伯渝的故事。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：3月2日，北京2022年冬季残奥会圣火点燃仪式在北京八达岭长城举行。分析句子可知，hold(举行)是句中谓语动词，与主语The flame lighting ceremony之间是被动关系，根据句中the Beijing 2022 Winter Paralympic Games和时间状语on March 2nd可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，单数形式。故填was held。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：第一位火炬手是73岁的登山者夏伯渝。序数词前用定冠词the修饰；句首单词首字母大写。故填The。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：出生于1949年的夏伯渝在经历了四次失败后终于实现了自己的梦想。分析句子可知，born(出生)作后置定语修饰名词Xia Boyu，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Xia Boyu之间是被动关系，且“出生”这一动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词，表示被动和完成。故填born。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他第一次尝试攀登珠穆朗玛峰是在1975年，当时他是20名中国登山者中的一员。名词前有序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语；且名词attempt本身也常用不定式作后置定语。故填to climb。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：恶劣的环境导致夏伯渝的双腿严重冻伤，医生不得不截肢他的双脚。名词condition作主语，表示“环境，境况，条件”，常用复数形式。故填conditions。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：然而，他并没有放弃，他下定决心要全身心地去追求自己的目标。devote oneself to...是固定短语，意为“致力于……；投身于……”，用反身代词himself作宾语。故填himself。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：2018年5月14日，在大多数人享受生活的年龄，夏伯渝带着一个梦想，从尼泊尔的南侧登上了世界最高峰。commit to...是固定搭配，意为“致力于……”。故填to。
【43题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：2018年5月14日，在大多数人享受生活的年龄，夏伯渝带着一个梦想，从尼泊尔的南侧登上了世界最高峰。结合常识和句中比较范围the world’s可知，珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰，用形容词最高级highest作定语。故填highest。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2018年5月14日，在大多数人享受生活的年龄，夏带着一个梦想，从尼泊尔的南侧登上了世界最高峰。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词age，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，表示“在那个年龄”，应使用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他的旅程仍在继续，他计划攀登七大洲的山峰，探索南极和北极。分析句子可知，continue(继续)是句中谓语动词，与主语His journey之间是主动关系，结合第二分句中时态可知，描述目前的状态，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语His journey是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的主动语态，单数形式。故填continues。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 21世纪英语报拟举行“奥运冠军永不言弃的精神给我的启迪”主题英文征文活动，请据此投稿，内容包括：
1.奥运冠军给我的启迪，如：他们全力以赴，追求卓越，永不言弃；
2.我今后的计划或梦想；
3.如何实现自己的计划或梦想。
注意：
1.词数应为80左右；
2.可以当增加细节，使行文连贯。
The Enlightenment from Olympic Champions
As we all know, Chinese athletes got remarkable achievements in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The Enlightenment from Olympic Champions
As we all know, Chinese athletes got remarkable achievements in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
What impresses me most is that Olympics champions dedicate all their efforts and never give up. Such spirit of commitment is a source of my enlightenment. Looking ahead, I have a dream of becoming an enterprise manager to lead a team. To realize this dream, I will devote myself to learning business knowledge and managerial skills desperately, and strive to make progress every day. And when I encounter difficulties, I will never give up.
Olympic champions’ success comes from their diligence and perseverance, so does mine.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。21世纪英语报拟举行“奥运冠军永不言弃的精神给我的启迪”主题英文征文活动，要求考生以此为题写一篇英文稿子参加征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
运动员：athlete → sportsman
引人注目的：remarkable → noticeable/extraordinary
投身于：devote myself to → throw oneself into
毅力，坚持不懈：perseverance → persistence
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To realize this dream, I will devote myself to learning business knowledge and managerial skills desperately, and strive to make progress every day.
拓展句：I will devote myself to learning business knowledge and managerial skills desperately, and strive to make progress every day so that I can realize this dream in the future.
【点睛】[高分句型1] What impresses me most is that Olympics champions dedicate all their efforts and never give up.(运用了连接代词what引导主语从句和连词that引导表语从句)
[高分句型2] And when I encounter difficulties, I will never give up.(运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was more than thrilled as I held the beautifully wrapped present in my hands. Having been eager for it for a very long time, I tore it open, unable to contain my curiosity any longer. Yes, it was a brand new mobile phone. I had scored straight As for my examinations and this was my reward for it. I had always cast envious glance at my friends who were exchanging news about the latest film or fashion, the news at home and abroad, all of which I knew nothing about. Now I myself had the chance to find out.
It started out simply enough. I used it to search for information with regard to my study as I once promised to my parents. However, one day, I was doing information searching when I ran into a post looking for friends. Soon it became a habit for me to contact my new-found electronic friend. I started to spend more and more time on YouTube and became addicted to Twitter or something like that. I had never expected that the day would come when I would be completely controlled by the little thing. Whenever I was not lingering on these social networking sites, I would be going through fashion or entertainment websites. I didn’t want to be away from it for a single moment.
With time passing, I realized that I had an addiction to my phone. During weekends, when I had more time of my own, I would spend a few hours on mobile phone. Eventually, it came to a point where I had myself locked in my room, refusing to come out and involve in any family activities. I favored to stay connected to the people I had never met on the Internet. Shortly, the morning hours was spent surfing on the Internet. Small naps took the place of good sleep. Worse still, my grades at school got farther and farther away from satisfactory.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
It was about this time that my parents noticed my change.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then one day, my father took away my mobile phone.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 It was about this time that my parents noticed my change. They voiced their disapproval. It became obvious to them that I was spending too much time on my phone. I was asked to cut down my usage of the Internet. Yet, however hard I tried, I was unable to pull myself away, unable to end my chat sessions, and unable to concentrate on my lessons. I was desperate for just another click, just another look at my e-mail or message board.
Then one day, my father took away my mobile phone. I cried and objected but in vain. Dad had made up his mind. Over time, I realized that Dad and Mum had always wanted the best for me. That was when I decided to take the big step—to conquer my addiction. Quitting was harder than I had expected. But with dogged determination, I knew that I would be able to do it. I promised my parents that I would turn over a new leaf.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因为考试成绩获得全优，父母给他买了一台全新手机作为奖励。渐渐地，作者开始沉迷于网络，不再与父母交流，学习成绩也在下降的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“就在这个时候，我的父母注意到了我的变化。”可知，第一段可描写父母对作者的要求和作者的表现。
②由第二段首句内容“然后有一天，我父亲拿走了我的手机。”可知，第二段可描写作者失去手机的感受和感悟。
2.续写线索：获得手机——沉迷网络——父母限制——没有凑效——没收手机——理解苦心——下定决心改过自新
3.词汇激活
行为类
①集中：concentrate on /focus on
②意识到：realize/recognize
③决定：decide to /determine to
情绪类
①绝望的：desperate / hopeless/in despair
②坚持不懈的：dogged /stubborn
【点睛】[高分句型1]It became obvious to them that I was spending too much time on the Internet. (由连接词that引导主语从句)
[高分句型2]That was when I decided to take the big step—to conquer my internet addiction. (由连接词when引导的表语从句)
重庆市渝东九校联盟高2023届(高二下)期中联考
英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the speakers go back to London?
A. By air. B. By train. C. By car.
2. When will the speakers meet?
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday.
3. What will the man do tonight?
A. Attend a meeting. B. Stay at home. C. Go to a club.
4. What will the weather be like this weekend?
A. Snowy. B. Stormy. C. Fine.
5. What is wrong with the man?
A. His feet hurt. B. His shoes don’t fit him. C. He missed a long walk yesterday.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is Alice going to do?
A. Give Bill a surprise. B. Take Bill to a party. C. Pick Bill up from work.
7. Who will bring dessert?
A. Susan. B. Joe. C. Jim.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers discussing?
A. A car accident. B. A car theft. C. A car park.
9. What is said about Howard’s car?
A. It was recently bought. B. It is not insured. C. It is a good deal.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man have to do?
A. Choose a course. B. Speak French at home. C. Give a talk in Spanish.
11. What does the woman suggest the man consider?
A. Language environment. B. Difficulty level. C. Practical use.
12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Old classmates.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How does John go to work on rainy days?
A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By car.
14. What does John usually do on weekends?
A. He bakes something. B. He learns cooking. C. He buys sweets.
15. When does Carol eat out?
A. When she has a busy day at work.
B. When she doesn’t know what to eat.
C. When her husband is too busy to cook.
16. What does Carol think of the restaurants?
A. They are popular. B. They are diverse. C. They are expensive.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What will the children do during the trip?
A. Admire artworks. B. Talk with scientists. C. Do voluntary work.
18. How long will it take to get to the destination?
A. About half an hour. B. About one hour. C. About two hours.
19. What is free of charge?
A. The lunch. B. The bus ride. C. The entrance fee.
20. Who is the talk mainly for?
A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Parents.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Young Artist Award
Qualification
The competition is open to all schools including pre-schools in Fife Scotland. Teachers have the right to pre-select pupils’ works before submitting entries from the school. Entries will not be accepted from the children or relatives of employees of the Museums of the University of St Andrews or any other person who is directly concerned with the organization of the competition.
Format of artwork
Works may be created in any forms including painting, sculpture, drawings, prints, photography, pottery, etc.
How to submit your entry
Entries can be made through the relevant school or directly by pupils from home.
Entries can be submitted via email or WeTransfer to museumlearning@st-andrews.ac.uk.
Entries may also be delivered by post.
It will not be possible to hand-deliver entries.
Information needed
Each individual entry must have the following information marked clearly on it otherwise it will not be considered:
*Pupil’s name
*Class and age
*Name of teacher /school contact (if entered via school) OR home address and contact email address if entered from home
*School name, address, email and telephone number
Prizes
All schools who enter the competition will receive a specially designed certificate in acknowledgement and recognition of their participation. In addition, winning pupils will receive:
1st place: Young Artist Award Medal and £40 token (代金券) for art materials
2nd place: Young Artist Award Medal and £25 token for art materials
3rd place: Young Artist Award Medal and £10 token for art materials
No alternative to any prize is available and the prizes shall be non-transferable.
Competition closing date
Entries must be received no later than 5 pm on 19th June this year.
1. Who is qualified to take part in this competition?
A. A high school student from England. B. A kindergarten kid from Fife, Scotland.
C. A home schooled student from Scotland. D. An employee of the University of St Andrews.
2. Which of the following entries will be considered?
A. Those delivered by hand.
B. Those posted on 20th June.
C. Those sent from home without a school address.
D. Those made through school without a home address.
3. What will a 1st place winner receive?
A. Some art materials. B. A certificate.
C. £40 in cash. D. A medal.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章发布的是征集Fife, Scotland地区的学生艺术作品参加大奖赛的广告。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The competition is open to all schools including pre-schools in Fife, Scotland.(比赛对苏格兰Fife地区所有学校开放，包括幼儿园)”可知，苏格兰法夫区的幼儿园孩子可以参加此次大赛，kindergarten属于pre-schools。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Information needed部分“Each individual entry must have the following information marked clearly on it otherwise it will not be considered: ...*Name of teacher /school contact (if entered via school) OR home address and contact email address if entered from home(每份参赛作品必须清楚注明下列资料，否则将不获考虑：... *老师/学校联系人姓名(如果通过学校参赛)或家庭地址和联系电子邮件地址(如果从家里参赛))”可知，如果通过学校参赛的作品只需有学校或老师的信息及联系方式，没有家庭地址也可以。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prizes部分“1st place: Young Artist Award Medal and £40 token (代金券) for art materials(第一名：青年艺术家奖奖章和40英镑的艺术材料代金券)”可知，第一名获得者可得到一枚medal(奖牌，奖章)及一张40英镑的代金券。故选D项。
B
Holidaymakers who are bored with baking beaches and overheated hotel rooms head for a big igloo (冰屋). Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel, the world’s first igloo hotel. Built in a small town in Lapland, it has been attracting lots of visitors, but soon the fun will be over.
In two weeks’ time Bergqvist’s ice creation (作品) will be nothing more than a pool of water. “We don’t see it as a big problem,” he says. “We just look forward to replacing it.”
Bergqvist built his first igloo in 1991 for an art exhibition. It was so successful that he designed the present one, which measures roughly 200 square meters. Six workmen spent more than eight weeks piling 1,000 tons of snow onto a wooden base: when the snow froze, the base was removed. “The only wooden thing we have left in the igloo is the front door.” he says.
After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success. With no windows, nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0℃, it may seem more like a survival test than a relaxing hotel break. “It’s great fun,” Bergqvist explains, “as well as a good start in survival training.”
The popularity of the igloo is beyond doubt: it is now attracting tourists from all over the world. At least 800 people have stayed at the igloo this season even though there are only 10 rooms. “You can get a lot of people in” explains Bergqvist, “The beds are three meters wide by two meters long, and can fit at least four at one time.”
4. What inspired Bergqvist to create the world’s first igloo hotel?
A. Growing demand for more hotel rooms. B. People’s curiosity for new things.
C. His being fond of living in a small town. D. An art exhibition to be held
5. What does “the fun will be over.” mean in paragraph 1?
A. Hotel guests will lose interest soon. B. A more fascinating one will replace the old one
C. The igloo will turn into a pool of water. D. No visitors will come here.
6. Why did the writer say it was more like a survival test than a relaxing hotel break?
A. The Igloo may melt and fall down. B. You may lose your life.
C. Because its condition is extremely poor. D. You have nothing to eat.
7. What may be people’s feeling of staying in the igloo?
A. Horrible. B. Regretful. C. Comfortable. D. Excited.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞典商人尼罗·伯格奎斯特创建的全世界第一家冰屋酒店。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Holidaymakers who are bored with baking beaches and overheated hotel rooms head for a big igloo (冰屋). Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel, the world’s first igloo hotel.(厌倦了炙热的海滩和过热的酒店房间的度假者会选择一个大冰屋。瑞典商人尼罗·伯格奎斯特对他的新酒店很满意，这是世界上第一家冰屋酒店)”可推知，厌倦了炙热的海滩和过热的酒店房间的度假者会对一个大冰屋感兴趣，对这种全新的酒店感到好奇，这启发了Bergqvist创建世界上第一家冰屋酒店。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Built in a small town in Lapland, it has been attracting lots of visitors, but soon the fun will be over.(它建在拉普兰的一个小镇上，吸引了许多游客，但很快乐趣就会结束)”和第二段中“In two weeks’ time Bergqvist’s ice creation (作品) will be nothing more than a pool of water.(两周后，Bergqvist创造的冰屋将变成一摊水)”可推知，“the fun will be over.”指的是冰屋两周后就会化成一摊水。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success. With no windows, nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0℃, it may seem more like a survival test than a relaxing hotel break.(在他们停留之后，所有的游客都会收到一份生存证书，记录他们的成功。没有窗户，没有地方挂衣服，气温低于0℃，看起来更像是一场生存测试，而不是放松的酒店假期)”可推知，冰屋的条件非常差，所以作者说它更像是一场生存测试，而不是一次放松的酒店假期。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“With no windows, nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0℃, it may seem more like a survival test than a relaxing hotel break.(没有窗户，没有地方挂衣服，气温低于0℃，看起来更像是一场生存测试，而不是放松的酒店假期)”和第五段中“The popularity of the igloo is beyond doubt: it is now attracting tourists from all over the world. At least 800 people have stayed at the igloo this season even though there are only 10 rooms.(冰屋的受欢迎程度是毋庸置疑的：它现在正吸引着来自世界各地的游客。这个季节至少有800人住在这个冰屋里，尽管只有10个房间)”可知，尽管冰屋的条件非常差，但仍然吸引了来自世界各地的游客，由此推知，游客来冰屋是为了寻求刺激。故选D项。
C
Researchers from the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) discovered that ant species Formica fusca (丝光褐林蚁) has a well developed sense of smell. It was able to tell cancerous cells from healthy cells in humans, thanks to their sense of smell. But more clinical tests must be carried out before they could be used in clinical settings like hospitals, the team said. They suggest that in future, ants could turn out to be better at dogs when it comes to locating cancerous cells in humans.
To conduct their research, the scientists performed tests with 36 ants. First, the specialists exposed the ants to the smell of a sample of cancerous human cells. This odor (气味) was then associated with a reward of sugar. In a second step, the researchers exposed the ants to two different odors. One was a new healthy smell and the second was the smell of the cancerous cells. The test showed ants can tell the two kinds of smell successfully.
The researchers exposed the ants to different cancerous cells in the next test. They found that ants distinguish between two cancerous cells. After training Formica fusca ants are able to detect organic compounds (合成物) given off by cancerous cells.
This isn’t the first time that scientists have used the animal sense of smell to locate cancerous cells. “Dogs’ noses are well suited for medical diagnosis (诊断) and used for the detection of cancer,” the researchers explained. However, training them requires several months to a year. On the other hand, insects can be easily raised, they are inexpensive, they have a very well-developed smelling system and hundreds of individuals can be conditioned with very few trials.
The approach could potentially be adapted to a range of other complex odor detection tasks including the detection of explosives, spoiled food, or other diseases, including malaria, infections, and diabetes (糖尿病).
8. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. Ants can distinguish cancerous cells owing to their smell
B. Researchers found all ants have the ability to tell cancerous cells
C. Formica fusca was used in clinical settings to locate cancerous cells
D. Researchers found that ants have a better sense of smell than dogs.
9. What is the purpose of the second study?
A. To show ants have the ability to tell healthy from cancerous cells.
B. To prove that ants can be used to cure cancers.
C. To show ants have the ability to distinguish two different kinds of cancerous cells.
D. To improve ants’ accuracy in telling cancerous cells.
10. What does the underlined word mean?
A. controlled. B. distinguished. C. trained. D. fed.
11. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A brochure B. A guidebook. C. A novel D. A magazine.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现蚂蚁由于具有发达的嗅觉能力，所以能够辨别出人类身上的癌症细胞。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Researchers from the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) discovered that ant species Formica fusca (丝光褐林蚁) has a well developed sense of smell. It was able to tell cancerous cells from healthy cells in humans, thanks to their sense of smell. But more clinical tests must be carried out before they could be used in clinical settings like hospitals, the team said. They suggest that in future, ants could turn out to be better at dogs when it comes to locating cancerous cells in humans.(来自法国国家科学研究中心(CNRS)的研究人员发现，丝光褐林蚁具有发达的嗅觉。它能够区分人类身上的癌细胞和健康细胞。但该团队表示，在将其用于医院等临床环境之前，必须进行更多的临床试验。他们认为，在未来，蚂蚁可能会比狗更擅长定位人类体内的癌细胞。)”可知因为具有较强的嗅觉，所以蚂蚁能够区分人类身上的癌细胞和健康细胞。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The researchers exposed the ants to different cancerous cells in the next test. They found that ants distinguish between two cancerous cells. After training, Formica fusca ants are able to detect organic compounds (合成物) given off by cancerous cells.(在接下来的测试中，研究人员将蚂蚁暴露在不同的癌细胞中。他们发现蚂蚁能区分两种癌细胞。经过训练，丝光褐林蚁能够检测出癌细胞释放的有机化合物。)”可知在第二次研究中研究人员将蚂蚁暴露在两种不同的癌细胞中，结果发现蚂蚁可以辨别出两种不同的癌细胞，所以可以推断第二项研究的目的是为了来显示蚂蚁有能力区分两种不同类型的癌细胞。故选C项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词之前““Dogs’ noses are well suited for medical diagnosis (诊断) and used for the detection of cancer,” the researchers explained.However, training them requires several months to a year. On the other hand, insects can be easily raised, they are inexpensive, they have a very well-developed smelling system and hundreds of individuals (研究人员解释说：“狗的鼻子非常适合医学诊断，并用于检测癌症。”然而，培训它们需要几个月到一年的时间。另一方面，昆虫很容易被饲养，它们价格便宜，它们有一个非常发达的嗅觉系统和数百个个体)”以及划线词之后“with very few trials(只有很少的实验)”可以推测相对于狗所需要的长期训练而言，因为昆虫的嗅觉比较发达，所以几百只昆虫经过很少的实验即训练就可以达到理想的效果，所以此处划线词的意思和C项trained意思相近。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Researchers from the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) discovered that ant species Formica fusca (丝光褐林蚁) has a well developed sense of smell. It was able to tell cancerous cells from healthy cells in humans, thanks to their sense of smell. But more clinical tests must be carried out before they could be used in clinical settings like hospitals, the team said.(来自法国国家科学研究中心(CNRS)的研究人员发现，蚁群具有发达的嗅觉。由于人类的嗅觉，它能够区分癌细胞和健康细胞。但该团队表示，在将其用于医院等临床环境之前，必须进行更多的临床试验。)”以及文章的其他段落的内容可知本文是在围绕着研究人员的最近的一项研究成果来展开，所以文章最有可能来自于科学期刊或杂志。故选D项。
D
Airplane crashes are rare. When they do happen, however, they are often deadly and people want answers as to why their loved ones lost their lives, and that is where black boxes come into play.
A black box is a device placed in an aircraft to make the investigation of aviation accidents easy.
There are two different flight recorder devices. The flight data recorder (FDR) preserves things like air speed, altitude, and fuel flow and has about 25 hours of recording storage. The cockpit (驾驶舱) voice recorder (CVR) preserves the recent history of the sounds in the cockpit, including the conversation of the pilots. However, a cockpit video recorder can store only two hours of voice recording. Both of them are mandatory on every commercial flight and are usually kept in the back end of an aircraft, where they are more likely to survive a crash.
Equipped with an underwater locator beacon (水下定位信标), if an aircraft crashes into water, the beacon sends out an ultrasonic pulse (超声波脉冲). Incredibly, the beacon is powered by a battery that has a shelf life of six years; once the beacon begins pinging (发出信号), it pings once per second for 30 days until its battery runs out. If a plane crash takes place on land and not on water, the locator beacons of the black box will not send out the ultrasonic pings, signaling the investigators to look for the unit around the crash site.
The term “black box” was a World War II British phrase, originating with the development of radio, radar, and electronic navigational aids in British and Allied combat aircraft (盟军战斗机). These often-secret electronic devices were literally encased in non-reflective black boxes or housings, hence resulting in the birth of “black box”.
These black boxes are of fluorescent (发荧光的) flame-orange in color. The recorders are bright orange so to make them more visually obvious after an accident. These are able to stand extreme heat, crashes and massive pressure. Before being put into use, they are examined repetitively in extreme situations to see if they can conduct the functions well.
12. If you want to know how high the plane was flying, you should check the ______.
A. the flight data recorder. B. the cockpit voice recorder.
C. an underwater locator beacon. D. the data of the analysis of the examination.
13. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The recorders are bright orange in that the color is obviously the most beautiful.
B. The black boxes will be put into use after being examined by experts.
C. The beacon sends out an ultrasonic pulse when the plane crashes in the mountains.
D. The back end of the plane is least likely to be damaged in a crash.
14. What is the main idea of paragraph 5?
A. How the black box got its name.
B. Some latest advances in military.
C. The black box will be taught in this new term.
D. The cruelty of the world war II.
15. What is the purpose of writing the passage?
A. To present the latest improvement in the black box.
B. To make a brief introduction to the black box.
C. To explain how the black box works.
D. To advertise an advanced black box.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了什么是黑匣子，黑匣子的作用及组成部分等。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“The flight data recorder (FDR) preserves things like air speed, altitude, and fuel flow and has about 25 hours of recording storage.”（飞行数据记录器（FDR）保存了飞行速度、高度和燃料流量等信息，并具有约25小时的记录存储时间。）可知，飞行数据记录器保存了飞行高度的信息，由此可知，如果你想知道飞机飞得有多高，你应该检查飞行数据记录器。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Both of them are mandatory on every commercial flight and are usually kept in the back end of an aircraft, where they are more likely to survive a crash.”（它们在每次商业飞行中都是强制性的，通常都放在飞机的后端，在那里它们更有可能在坠机后幸存下来。）可知，黑匣子通常都放在飞机的后端，因为在那里它们更有可能在坠机后幸存下来，由此可知，飞机的后端在坠毁时最不可能被损坏，所以黑匣子通常都放在那里。故选D项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段内容“The term “black box” was a World War II British phrase, originating with the development of radio, radar, and electronic navigational aids in British and Allied combat aircraft (盟军战斗机). These often-secret electronic devices were literally encased in non-reflective black boxes or housings, hence resulting in the birth of “black box”.”（“黑匣子”一词是第二次世界大战期间英国的一个短语，起源于英国和盟军战斗机上无线电、雷达和电子导航设备的发展。这些通常是秘密的电子设备实际上被封装在不反光的黑匣子或外壳中，因此产生了“黑匣子”。）可知，“黑匣子”一词是第二次世界大战期间英国的一个短语，因为无线电、雷达和电子导航等秘密的电子设备被封装在不反光的黑匣子或外壳中，因此得名“黑匣子”，由此可知，第五段主要介绍了“黑匣子”是如何得名的。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段内容“A black box is a device placed in an aircraft to make the investigation of aviation accidents easy.”（黑匣子是放置在飞机上的一种装置，可以方便地调查航空事故。）和第三段关键句“There are two different flight recorder devices.”（有两种不同的飞行记录仪设备。）可知，文章简单介绍了什么是黑匣子，黑匣子的作用及组成部分等，由此可知，这篇文章的写作目的是简单介绍一下黑匣子。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People set goals for their lives. Perhaps you want to lose weight, learn a new skill or read 30 books a year. But then you get busy and your daily life takes up all of your time. Before you know it, weeks, then months have gone by and you are no closer to your goal. ____16____
1. Make a specific plan
Adding details to your plan helps you act better. Be sure to add when and where. If your goal is to work out five days each week, a plan like “I’ll work out on weekdays” would be too vague. But a detailed plan like “I’ll exercise at the gym on weekdays during my lunch break” would fit the bill. ____17____ For example, if you plan to work out during lunch, you’ll be sure to refuse a lunch invitation from others.
2. Consider punishment
This may sound difficult, but ensuring you’ll face some punishment if you don’t achieve your goal can work wonders. One easy way to do this is to tell a few people about your goal. You’ll feel ashamed if they check back later and find out you haven’t followed through. Feeling ashamed is a kind of spiritual punishment. You can also make a bet with a friend that you’ll stick to your goal. ____18____
3. Make it fun
Most of us concentrate on the final result when it comes to achieving our goals. ____19____ Are you enjoying the process of pursuing you goal? If it’s not fun to exercise or study, you’re unlikely to keep at it. But if you get pleasure from your works or study sessions, you’ll persist longer. It’s the pursuit of your goals-not the reaching of them-that makes up the weeks, days and hours of our lives. So make sure to have fun along the way!
4. Get a little help from your friends
Spending time around high achievers can boost your own performance. If your aim is to run a marathon or write a book, you’d be wise to start hanging around friends who’ve made it to the finish line and can show you how it’s done. You’ll learn a lot just by spending time together with these friends. ____20____ Giving someone else tips on how to achieve boosts your self-confidence and motivates you to achieve success.
A. There is evidence that cash punishment motivates success.
B. It can also help you avoid interruptions.
C. Coaching friends with shared goals can improve your success rate, too.
D. Who could you turn to for help?
E. If you want to stick to it, try the following strategies.
F. But focusing too much on it can make us ignore an even more important thing.
G. Friends are well aware of your strengths and weaknesses.
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. A 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了实现目标的策略。
【16题详解】
上文“People set goals for their lives. Perhaps you want to lose weight, learn a new skill or read 30 books a year. But then you get busy and your daily life takes up all of your time. Before you know it, weeks, then months have gone by and you are no closer to your goal. (人们为自己的生活设定目标。也许你想减肥，学一项新技能，或者一年读30本书。但是当你变得忙碌，你的日常生活占据了你所有的时间。不知不觉中，几周，几个月过去了，你离你的目标还是很远)”提出问题：我们设定目标却无法实现，下文“1. Make a specific plan”、“2. Consider punishment”、“3. Make it fun”、“4. Get a little help from your friends”给出4个策略，E项“If you want to stick to it, try the following strategies.(如果你想坚持下去，试试下面的策略)”承上启下，引出下文策略。上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【17题详解】
上文“But a detailed plan like “I’ll exercise at the gym on weekdays during my lunch break” would fit the bill. (但一个详细的计划，比如“我将在工作日的午休时间去健身房锻炼”，就符合要求了)”讲制定详细计划的重要性， B项“It can also help you avoid interruptions.(它还可以帮助你避免被打扰)”承接上文，说明制定详细计划的好处，下文“For example, if you plan to work out during lunch, you’ll be sure to refuse a lunch invitation from others.(例如，如果你计划在午餐时间锻炼，你肯定会拒绝别人的午餐邀请)”举例说明具体好处。故选B项。
【18题详解】
上文“You can also make a bet with a friend that you’ll stick to your goal. (你也可以和朋友打赌，你会坚持你的目标)”讲与朋友打赌，A项“There is evidence that cash punishment motivates success.(有证据表明，现金惩罚能激发成功)”承接上文，说明打赌、惩罚的作用，照应小标题“Consider punishment”。故选A项。
【19题详解】
上文“Most of us concentrate on the final result when it comes to achieving our goals. (当谈到实现我们的目标时，我们大多数人都专注于最终结果)”讲我们过于专注结果，下文“Are you enjoying the process of pursuing you goal? If it’s not fun to exercise or study, you’re unlikely to keep at it. But if you get pleasure from your works or study sessions, you’ll persist longer. It’s the pursuit of your goals-not the reaching of them-that makes up the weeks, days and hours of our lives. So make sure to have fun along the way!(你享受追求目标的过程吗?如果运动或学习没有乐趣，你就不可能坚持下去。但如果你从工作或学习中得到乐趣，你就会坚持得更久。追求目标——而不是达到目标——构成了我们生命中的每一个星期、每一天、每一个小时。所以一定要在这个过程中玩得开心!)”讲过程中的乐趣更重要，F项“But focusing too much on it can make us ignore an even more important thing.(但过于关注它会让我们忽略更重要的事情)”承上启下，说明过于专注结果会忽略过程中的乐趣。故选F项。
【20题详解】
下文“Giving someone else tips on how to achieve boosts your self-confidence and motivates you to achieve success.(给别人一些关于如何取得成功的建议可以增强你的自信，激励你取得成功)”提出帮助别人可以提升自己，C项“Coaching friends with shared goals can improve your success rate, too.(指导有共同目标的朋友也可以提高你的成功率)”表达了同样的意思，句中“Coaching friends”与下文“Giving someone else tips”相照应。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案
When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year, she started having problems with her ____21____, notably dryness and discomfort.
“I was simply ____22____ a terrible experience,” MS. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. “I felt so ____23____ and insecure because the quality of my life was affected.”
Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had similar problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in silence.
“Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so ____24____,” she said. “But more and more are suffering and lives are being compromised (妥协)”
Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research ____25____ at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team ____26____ Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done ground- breaking (开拓性的) work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising ____27____ for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman MeyerZeifman. ____28____ she has raised $110,000 with another $40,000 ____29____.
“I’m trying to get more and more people to _____30_____ that there are solutions,” said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after _____31_____. “I say there is no old _____32_____, here’s only neglect (忽视). Don’t stand still, do something about it.”
Ms. Burdeyney _____33_____ that she was hoping to do more for the research project. “I just want to bring _____34_____ into people’s eyes and this is just the _____35_____. There is still a long way to go.”
21. A. eyes B. backs C. head D. ears
22. A. insisting on B. going through C. going over D. holding on
23. A. hopeful B. peaceful C. lucky D. helpless
24. A. interrupting B. unimportant C. abnormal D. unbearable
25. A. lesson B. conference C. program D. course
26. A. suspected B. informed C. included D. fired
27. A. information B. awareness C. questions D. money
28. A. So far B. In turn C. Once more D. Again and again
29. A. earned B. collected C. wasted D. expected
30. A. believe B. forget C. remember D. confirm
31. A. marriage B. retirement C. childbirth D. graduation
32. A. rule B. efforts C. age D. time
33. A. added B. commented C. warned D. learned
34. A. color B. sunshine C. light D. beauty
35. A. way B. fact C. truth D. beginning
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了74岁的伯德尼眼睛出现问题，她开始积极地为相关眼科研究项目提供帮助，筹措资金，以寻求解决问题方法。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年贝弗利·伯德尼74岁时，她的眼睛开始出现问题，尤其是干涩和不舒服。A. eyes眼睛；B. backs背部；C. head头；D. ears耳朵。根据句中“notably dryness and discomfort.”和下文“Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research 5 at Tel Aviv University in Israel.”可知，年迈的伯德尼眼睛出现问题。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只是经历了一段可怕的遭遇。A. insisting on坚持；B. going through经历；C. going over检查；D. holding on抓住。根据句中“a terrible experience”和下文“I felt so 3 and insecure because the quality of my life was affected.”可知，伯德尼经历了可怕的遭遇。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常无助和没有安全感，因为我的生活质量受到了影响。A. hopeful有希望的；B. peaceful和平的；C. lucky幸运的；D. helpless无助的。根据句中“insecure”和“the quality of my life was affected”可知，空格处也一种不好的感受，结合选项，helpless符合语境。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人愿意谈论它，因为它看起来太不重要了。A. interrupting中断的；B. unimportant不重要的；C. abnormal异常的；D. unbearable难以忍受的。根据上文“that they were largely suffering in silence”和句中“Nobody chooses to talk about it”可推知，其他老人不愿意谈论自己的眼睛问题，因为觉得不重要。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，伯德尼了解到以色列特拉维夫大学有一个眼科研究项目的计划。A. lesson课程；B. conference会议；C. program项目；D. course课程。根据下文“Ms. Burdeyney began raising 7 for the project with a friend”可知，这是一个研究项目；project与program是同义复现。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究小组包括加拿大医生艾伦·斯洛莫维奇，他在使用干细胞进行眼部护理方面取得了突破性进展。A. suspected怀疑；B. informed通知；C. included包括；D. fired解雇。根据句中“who has done ground- breaking (开拓性的) work on eye care using stem cells”可知，加拿大医生艾伦·斯洛莫维奇是该项目的重要领头人，所以研究小组包括艾伦·斯洛莫维奇医生。故选C项。
27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到了一线希望，伯德尼开始与朋友、多伦多商人梅耶·泽夫曼一起为这个项目筹集资金。A. information信息；B. awareness认识；C. questions问题；D. money金钱。根据下文“she has raised $110,000”可知，伯德尼和朋友为该项目筹钱。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：到目前为止，她已经筹集了11万美元，预计还会再筹集4万美元。A. So far到目前为止；B. In turn轮流；C. Once more再一次；D. Again and again一再。根据句中“has raised $110,000”可知，这是目前他们筹集到的资金；用so far作时间状语。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，她已经筹集了11万美元，预计还会再筹集4万美元。A. earned赚取；B. collected收集、筹集；C. wasted浪费；D. expected预计。根据句中“another”可知，这4万美元是预计将筹集到的资金。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我正努力让越来越多的人相信，解决办法是有的，”伯德尼说。她是一名训练有素的护士，退休后仍在做私人教练。A. believe相信；B. forget忘记；C. remember记得；D. confirm确认。根据句中“there are solutions,”可知，这是伯德尼想让人们相信的事情。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我正努力让越来越多的人相信，解决办法是有的，”伯德尼说。她是一名训练有素的护士，退休后仍在做私人教练。A. marriage婚姻；B. retirement退休；C. childbirth生育；D. graduation毕业。根据第一段中“When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year”可知，伯德尼已经74了，已经退休。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为没有老年，只有忽视。A. rule规则；B. efforts努力；C. age年龄；D. time时间。根据上文可知，伯德尼眼睛出了问题后，并没有像其它老人那样保持沉默，而是积极主动去寻求解决办法。结合句中“here’s only neglect (忽视).”可推知，伯德尼认为年老并不是问题的关键，关键老年人自己忽视了健康。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：伯德尼补充说，她希望为这个研究项目做更多的事情。A. added增加、补充；B. commented评论；C. warned警告；D. learned学到。句中“she was hoping to do more for the research project.”是伯德尼补充说的话。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是想让人们看到光明，而这仅仅是个开始。A. color颜色；B. sunshine阳光；C. light光明；D. beauty美丽。根据上文可知，伯德尼和很多老人眼睛出了问题，结合句中“into people’s eyes”可知，她想给人们带来光明。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是想让人们看到光明，而这仅仅是个开始。A. way道路；B. fact事实；C. truth真相；D. beginning开始。根据下文“There is still a long way to go.”可知，这只是开始，路还长。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The flame lighting ceremony for the Beijing 2022 Winter Paralympic Games ____36____ (hold) at the Badaling section of the Great Wall in Beijing on March 2nd. ____37____ first torchbearer (火炬手) is 73-year-old climber Xia Boyu.
Xia Boyu, ____38____ (born) in 1949, made his dream come true after four failed attempts. Xia’s first attempt ____39____ (climb) Mount Qomolangma was in 1975 as part of a group of 20 Chinese climbers. The harsh ____40____ (condition) resulted in severe frostbite in Xia’s legs and the doctor had to amputate (截肢) his both feet. Nevertheless, he did not give up and made up his mind to devote ____41____ (he) to pursuing his goal. He made three separate attempts between 2014 and 2016, but snowstorm and avalanches stopped him from success. On May 14th, 2018, Xia, committed ____42____ one dream, reached the world’s ____43____ (high) mountain from the south side in Nepal, at an age ____44____ most people are enjoying life. These precious moments are recorded in a documentary, To the Summit, which recently opened in movie theaters nationwide.
His journey still _____45_____ (continue) and he plans to climb peaks on all seven continents and explore the South and North Poles.
【答案】36. was held
37. The 38. born
39. to climb
40. conditions
41. himself 42. to
43. highest
44. when 45. continues
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2022年冬季残奥会火炬手夏伯渝的故事。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：3月2日，北京2022年冬季残奥会圣火点燃仪式在北京八达岭长城举行。分析句子可知，hold(举行)是句中谓语动词，与主语The flame lighting ceremony之间是被动关系，根据句中the Beijing 2022 Winter Paralympic Games和时间状语on March 2nd可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，单数形式。故填was held。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：第一位火炬手是73岁的登山者夏伯渝。序数词前用定冠词the修饰；句首单词首字母大写。故填The。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：出生于1949年的夏伯渝在经历了四次失败后终于实现了自己的梦想。分析句子可知，born(出生)作后置定语修饰名词Xia Boyu，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Xia Boyu之间是被动关系，且“出生”这一动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词，表示被动和完成。故填born。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他第一次尝试攀登珠穆朗玛峰是在1975年，当时他是20名中国登山者中的一员。名词前有序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语；且名词attempt本身也常用不定式作后置定语。故填to climb。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：恶劣的环境导致夏伯渝的双腿严重冻伤，医生不得不截肢他的双脚。名词condition作主语，表示“环境，境况，条件”，常用复数形式。故填conditions。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：然而，他并没有放弃，他下定决心要全身心地去追求自己的目标。devote oneself to...是固定短语，意为“致力于……；投身于……”，用反身代词himself作宾语。故填himself。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：2018年5月14日，在大多数人享受生活的年龄，夏伯渝带着一个梦想，从尼泊尔的南侧登上了世界最高峰。commit to...是固定搭配，意为“致力于……”。故填to。
【43题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：2018年5月14日，在大多数人享受生活的年龄，夏伯渝带着一个梦想，从尼泊尔的南侧登上了世界最高峰。结合常识和句中比较范围the world’s可知，珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰，用形容词最高级highest作定语。故填highest。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2018年5月14日，在大多数人享受生活的年龄，夏带着一个梦想，从尼泊尔的南侧登上了世界最高峰。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词age，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，表示“在那个年龄”，应使用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他的旅程仍在继续，他计划攀登七大洲的山峰，探索南极和北极。分析句子可知，continue(继续)是句中谓语动词，与主语His journey之间是主动关系，结合第二分句中时态可知，描述目前的状态，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语His journey是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的主动语态，单数形式。故填continues。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 21世纪英语报拟举行“奥运冠军永不言弃的精神给我的启迪”主题英文征文活动，请据此投稿，内容包括：
1.奥运冠军给我的启迪，如：他们全力以赴，追求卓越，永不言弃；
2.我今后的计划或梦想；
3.如何实现自己的计划或梦想。
注意：
1.词数应为80左右；
2.可以当增加细节，使行文连贯。
The Enlightenment from Olympic Champions
As we all know, Chinese athletes got remarkable achievements in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The Enlightenment from Olympic Champions
As we all know, Chinese athletes got remarkable achievements in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
What impresses me most is that Olympics champions dedicate all their efforts and never give up. Such spirit of commitment is a source of my enlightenment. Looking ahead, I have a dream of becoming an enterprise manager to lead a team. To realize this dream, I will devote myself to learning business knowledge and managerial skills desperately, and strive to make progress every day. And when I encounter difficulties, I will never give up.
Olympic champions’ success comes from their diligence and perseverance, so does mine.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。21世纪英语报拟举行“奥运冠军永不言弃的精神给我的启迪”主题英文征文活动，要求考生以此为题写一篇英文稿子参加征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
运动员：athlete → sportsman
引人注目的：remarkable → noticeable/extraordinary
投身于：devote myself to → throw oneself into
毅力，坚持不懈：perseverance → persistence
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To realize this dream, I will devote myself to learning business knowledge and managerial skills desperately, and strive to make progress every day.
拓展句：I will devote myself to learning business knowledge and managerial skills desperately, and strive to make progress every day so that I can realize this dream in the future.
【点睛】[高分句型1] What impresses me most is that Olympics champions dedicate all their efforts and never give up.(运用了连接代词what引导主语从句和连词that引导表语从句)
[高分句型2] And when I encounter difficulties, I will never give up.(运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was more than thrilled as I held the beautifully wrapped present in my hands. Having been eager for it for a very long time, I tore it open, unable to contain my curiosity any longer. Yes, it was a brand new mobile phone. I had scored straight As for my examinations and this was my reward for it. I had always cast envious glance at my friends who were exchanging news about the latest film or fashion, the news at home and abroad, all of which I knew nothing about. Now I myself had the chance to find out.
It started out simply enough. I used it to search for information with regard to my study as I once promised to my parents. However, one day, I was doing information searching when I ran into a post looking for friends. Soon it became a habit for me to contact my new-found electronic friend. I started to spend more and more time on YouTube and became addicted to Twitter or something like that. I had never expected that the day would come when I would be completely controlled by the little thing. Whenever I was not lingering on these social networking sites, I would be going through fashion or entertainment websites. I didn’t want to be away from it for a single moment.
With time passing, I realized that I had an addiction to my phone. During weekends, when I had more time of my own, I would spend a few hours on mobile phone. Eventually, it came to a point where I had myself locked in my room, refusing to come out and involve in any family activities. I favored to stay connected to the people I had never met on the Internet. Shortly, the morning hours was spent surfing on the Internet. Small naps took the place of good sleep. Worse still, my grades at school got farther and farther away from satisfactory.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
It was about this time that my parents noticed my change.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then one day, my father took away my mobile phone.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 It was about this time that my parents noticed my change. They voiced their disapproval. It became obvious to them that I was spending too much time on my phone. I was asked to cut down my usage of the Internet. Yet, however hard I tried, I was unable to pull myself away, unable to end my chat sessions, and unable to concentrate on my lessons. I was desperate for just another click, just another look at my e-mail or message board.
Then one day, my father took away my mobile phone. I cried and objected but in vain. Dad had made up his mind. Over time, I realized that Dad and Mum had always wanted the best for me. That was when I decided to take the big step—to conquer my addiction. Quitting was harder than I had expected. But with dogged determination, I knew that I would be able to do it. I promised my parents that I would turn over a new leaf.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因为考试成绩获得全优，父母给他买了一台全新手机作为奖励。渐渐地，作者开始沉迷于网络，不再与父母交流，学习成绩也在下降的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“就在这个时候，我的父母注意到了我的变化。”可知，第一段可描写父母对作者的要求和作者的表现。
②由第二段首句内容“然后有一天，我父亲拿走了我的手机。”可知，第二段可描写作者失去手机的感受和感悟。
2.续写线索：获得手机——沉迷网络——父母限制——没有凑效——没收手机——理解苦心——下定决心改过自新
3.词汇激活
行为类
①集中：concentrate on /focus on
②意识到：realize/recognize
③决定：decide to /determine to
情绪类
①绝望的：desperate / hopeless/in despair
②坚持不懈的：dogged /stubborn
【点睛】[高分句型1]It became obvious to them that I was spending too much time on the Internet. (由连接词that引导主语从句)
[高分句型2]That was when I decided to take the big step—to conquer my internet addiction. (由连接词when引导的表语从句)
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