高考英语概要写作专项训练

这是一份高考英语概要写作专项训练，共22页。试卷主要包含了Directins等内容，欢迎下载使用。

概要写作
1．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Why bees are finally getting a break
While people have been confined to their homes this spring, wildlife has faced less human disturbance, traffic and polluting fumes. One animal that could see a much-needed revival is the wild bee.
One of the biggest environmental impacts of the global shut down has been the significant reduction in air pollution. Less fumes from cars on the road makes it easier for bees to find food, as air pollution substantially reduced the strength and longevity of floral scents, making it harder for bees to detect food. This means they often end up flying further to find food and bring it back to their nests. In contrast, shorter and more profitable “shopping trips” help them rear more young.
And as governments are tightening their purse strings due to the pandemic, many have stopped maintaining road verges (绿化带) which have turned into lush habitats as a result. “This unexpected quantity of flowers may well be another benefit for bees, with the unexpected food they provide boosting bee populations,” says Mark Brown, a professor of revolutionary ecology.
But a break for wild bees doesn’t mean it’s a good time for honey. Commercial beekeepers depend heavily on importing queen bees from around the world to replenish (补充) their colonies. Usually the bees are transported by plane, but since flights have been grounded they are being driven across the continent.
This could have serious knock-on effects for farmers, as commercial traveling hive are often relied upon for crop pollination. Take the Californian almond. Almond trees flower in February and March, and by April the visiting commercial hived have usually been moved to other parts of the country to poll in ate different crops. This re location has taken longer this year as some drivers have been told to self-quarantine for 14 days when crossing state borders.
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2．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Why Screen Time Isn’t Always Bad
For the past few years, I have been researching the effects of one type of screen time on our behaviour: playing video games. It’s easy to see why video games are often dismissed as something harmful. Players seem absorbed by the action on the screen, as if the rest of the world doesn’t exist. Without further context, it’s hard to see games as anything other than digital junk food.
But context matters, and understanding the experience of the players can give us new understanding. Video games are an inherently social experience: they’ve been designed as cooperative. Take Mine-craft, for example. It does bring people together in all sorts of ways. Some play to connect with their friends, others share in the creative experience of building something monumental, and it’s even been used as an interactive tool to teach students basic chemistry. Elsewhere, studies have shown that video games can be used as a therapy to help soldiers overcome PTSD, and to help children with cancer stick to treatment.
As for the supposed negative aspects of video games, the story is largely the same. Studies that show a link between violent games and aggressive behaviour are often picked up in the news over other, more meaningful studies. Part of the problem is that it’s remarkably hard to test for aggression in the lab, and there’s also a great deal of flexibility in the way that researchers can analyse their data. But where the best methods are used, evidence suggests that playing violent games has fairly negligible effects on our behaviour.
Our understanding of the behavioural effects of video games - and screens more generally - isn’t yet complete. After all, these technologies are a relatively recent addition to our lives. Like many things, we can use them in good ways, and we can use them in bad ways. It’s up to us, as a society, to use their potential for good.
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3．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that advocate excessive thinness by promoting extreme dieting.
Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up threatening health. That's a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death --- as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.
The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist.
The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep -- and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.
The fashion industry knows it always has a problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.
In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people.”
Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help promote notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.
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4．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.
Long Journey
The majority of the world’s clothes, bags and shoes are manufactured in Asia. But the region’s brands have made little headway in the West. Of the ten most valuable global apparel (服装) labels ranked by Millward Brown, a market-research firm, only Uniqlo is Asian. Li-Ning, one of China’s best-selling sportswear brands, tried to enter America in 2010. It opened a flagship store in Portland, Oregon and later launched an English-language online store. Both failed.
What makes the journey so hard? Adjusting to Western tastes takes time. Although Uniqlo became the largest Japanese apparel brand by selling US-style clothing, it still encountered cultural barriers in America itself. For example, vests (背心) are one of Uniqlo’s most popular products at home, but relatively few Americans and Europeans wear an additional layer beneath their shirts, says Dairo Murata, an analyst at JPMorgan Chase, a bank. It was only two years ago the firm also realized that XL was not big enough in America; it now duly provides XXXL.
Another problem, at least outside the big cities, is price. Uniqlo takes pride in the use of high-tech, comfortable fabrics (布料)，an attempt to differentiate itself from other basic clothing brands like Gap and Old Navy. But at Danbury Fair, a Connecticut shopping mall that is a barometer for retail trends in the suburbs, people prefer Primark, a super-cheap Irish retailer (零售商) which recently opened, to Uniqlo, which shut up shop in June. Mall visitors are conservative about fashion and about spending, explains F.K. Grunert, its manager.
What still seems to work better is concentrating on urban centres, even though that means a smaller potential market. This month Uniqlo opened a stand-alone store in Manhattan’s Soho; such shops tend to do well. In 2002 it had 21 stores in Britain, dotted around the north-west, Midlands and south-east; now eight of the ten it still has are in London.
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5．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
It’s natural to feel the need to control something when everything around you feels out of control, and you feel helpless. When a friend of mine first heard about the coronavirus outbreak, she got down on her hands and knees and cleaned her kitchen floor. She told me, “My floor wasn’t even dirty, but doing something constructive made me feel in control and that I was holding on to my power, despite the desperate circumstances.”
Your most powerful weapon against uncertainty is your perspective because nobody and no situation can take that from you unless you give it away. Your perspective can victimize or empower you. When you look for the upside in a downside situation and figure out what you can control and what you can’t, it’s easier to accept whatever is beyond your control.
Small gestures during hard times gentle worry and concern. Often during emergencies and crises, people start performing acts of kindness at random. Helping others through a crisis by performing good deeds can make you feel in control. The obvious benefit when you reach out to help someone else is that you get a break from your own worries for a while. Contributing, giving, volunteering, donating and performing kind acts, no matter how small or brief, connect you to other people (and animals) in a deeply meaningful, humane way. So practice doing small gestures for others and yourself.
Positive action is supposed to be taken to ensure you a sense of control. Make “cans” out of “cannots” and focus on what you can control. Take advantage of this restrictive time to clear clutter out of your basement, pull weeds in the garden, organize drawers, closets, and bookshelves, or get caught up on fun hobbies you’ve neglected for a while. Focus on a thought, person, pet, or object that stir hope and positivity within you. Hope always exists alongside of despair.
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6．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
In his new book Creative Intelligence, Bruce Nussbaum, a professor at Parsons The New School for Design in New York, argues that creativity is an undervalued skill that anyone can cultivate. Not just for artists and musicians, he argues, creative intelligence — or CQ for short — is the secret sauce that separates the winners and losers of the business world as well.
What is creative intelligence? Taking original ideas and scaling them into the creation of new products and services. We are all born with a capacity to be creative, and we get it beaten out of us in the schools that we go to. We have to relearn it, and it’s not that hard.
How can we be more creative? Creativity is all about making connections and seeing patterns. It’s not a light bulb that goes off in your head. Before that light bulb goes off, lots of things are happening — lots of ideas. We need time to step back and make connections between those things. We need to stop being hyper-connected and deliberately take a moment to be mindful about what we’re doing.
People often associate creativity with solo artists, but in fact, cooperation cultivates creativity more often than working alone. How so? Creativity is social. When you read books about creativity today, the narrative of creativity is that it is a brain function or it’s a genius thing. It is rare and comes out of the individual. But when you look at almost all the innovations that are meaningful in our lives today, like Facebook and Google, they are all done by two or three people. All the innovators have a buddy. Creativity comes out of small teams of twos or sixes. It’s probably not really required to have everyone in the office, but you do need certain people interacting.
7．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
A Brief Introduction of Cryptocurrency
In 2008, someone, or perhaps a group of people, using the name Satoshi Nakamoto published a paper to an online group that discussed cryptography (密码学). That paper described a process that would use cryptography to create a secure electronic cash system, now known as a cryptocurrency (加密货币). Person to person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial institutions. Each transaction could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to verify(核实) those transactions safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.
The software behind cryptocurrency is open source, which means anyone can use the original code to create their own version. Today, there are well over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Unfortunately, their becoming the global payment systems are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry. One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash in virtual “wallets” or exchange one kind of electronic cash for another. In recent years, clever thieves have broken into many of these websites and stolen electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.
Another problem is the large number of fake cryptocurrencies that are advertised on the internet. The advertisements invite internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded by the websites to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along with the victims’ money. In response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.
8．Directions：Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Children Deserve Arts Education
Children are introduced to the arts in many different ways. Participation in the arts improves personal confidence, problem solving skills, and even memorization and social skills. As young brains develop, it is vital that the creative side of the brain receive equal attention to the logical side of the brain to ensure maximum education. Unfortunately, there are those who believe creativity holds little or no value. However, they could never be farther from the truth.
According to a National Education Association research report, “Teenagers and young adults of low socioeconomic status (SES), who have a history of in-depth arts involvement, show better academic outcomes than low-SES youth with less arts involvement.” This research report shows that the arts strengthen the academic hemisphere of the brain. According to recent studies, as the brain focuses on math problems or reading, only certain areas of their brain are activated. However, when teenagers and young adults are listening to music, drawing a picture or engaging the mind creatively, multiple areas of the brain are working at the same time. As a result, more areas of the brain are strengthened, resulting in stronger overall brain activity.
With all the benefits of arts education, it is shocking that some educational boards still believe sufficient education can be reached without the benefits of the arts. In January 2017, the Utah State Board of Education released an official command that added two classes to the school curriculum, requiring all students between sixth and eighth grades to take those courses. This in turn limited the opportunity for the students to take elective arts courses. This command created an uproar among parents and teachers in Canyon School District and—thanks to protests—was not put into effect.
Participation in the arts is one of the most precious gifts we can give our children. It brings them joy, creativity and helps them excel academically. Our education system is weakening the critical role the arts have in education. If we limit the arts within school systems, we take away our children’s chances of present and future accomplishments. We cannot do that. Our children need to have every opportunity to expand their minds through the means of the arts. We must give our youth the opportunities and advantages to reach their highest goals and dreams if we are to secure a bright future for generations to come.
9．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
If it had not been for COVID-19, Tom Watkins would have been in China, serving as the China partner and managing director of WAY American Schools, a private US school using the internet to teach students in China and offering them an American High School Diploma program.
Watkins is enthusiastic about education. As early as in 2005, he has written an article on e-learning reform. “I recall the blank stares I encountered both in the United States and China in the early 2000s when I attempted to introduce e-learning into the mainstream,” said Watkin. “There was little appetite to be early adopters of this teaching method in public and private schools in the United States and across the globe.”
Then suddenly, online learning has popped into the spotlight. In an initiative in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the University of Michigan, to support its newly enrolled graduate students in China, allows students to join the University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute to take UM courses remotely.
In Watkins’ eyes, e-learning has its advantages, the most important of which are greater flexibility, personalized learning and globalization of education. By e-learning, one can learn 24 hours a day and seven days a week, access the study content an unlimited number of times, and easily tap global educators. If e-learning becomes a norm in the next few years, it may lead to restructuring, reform and reinventing in teaching and learning, Watkins said.
And the benefits are particularly concrete under the current circumstances when the pandemic is still ongoing. As the global pandemic has made it increasingly difficult for students to travel globally, the use of remote learning has enabled teaching and learning to continue without interruption. “When COVID-19 struck, wise policymakers and educators wasted little time casting blame or cursing the darkness but reached for new technology tools to enable quality teaching and learning to continue,” he said.
10．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Offshore production
The world’s consumption of fashion is huge. The European Union imported textiles (clothing and carpets) to the value of €83.7 billion in 2010. Prices have fallen, too, with hand-finished shirts costing less than five euros. To make clothes at these low prices, companies have to keep costs down. They use offshore production to do this. Large companies make their products in developing countries where workers are paid much less than in developed countries.
A point that should be considered in that case is that developing countries encourage developed countries to invest in them to provide jobs. Supporters of overseas production point out that increased investment has positive effects in the long term. Nobel prize-winning economist Paul Krugman points out that the growth in manufacturing has an impact on the rest of the economy, because it reduces the number of people needing to work in agriculture and increases competition for labour. This leads to higher wages, which lead to other improvements, such as the ability to send children to school. On the other hand, the disadvantage of this foreign investment is the fact that it can have a negative impact on the economy of developed countries, because people lose their jobs when production is outsourced to other countries.
It seems that if multinationals are going to benefit from low production costs by using overseas suppliers, they should do more to improve the social situation-for example, by building schools for the children in those communities. It is also clear that multinationals should invest in communities in the developed countries where they sell their products. Furthermore, given multinationals do benefit from lower costs of production in developing countries and their workers, they need to feel obliged to protect the workers in overseas manufacturing plants.
















1．Due to the pandemic, the world has suffered shut down, which make it easier for bees to find food. Besides, road verges have turned into lush habitats. However, a break for wild bees doesn’t mean it’s a good time for honey. The bees are being driven across the continent, which could have serious knock-on effects for farmers.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍由于疫情，人们被限制在家里，世界陷入了瘫痪，这让蜜蜂更容易找到食物。此外，路边已经变成了郁郁葱葱的栖息地。然而，野生蜜蜂的休息并不意味着蜂蜜的好时机。这些蜜蜂正被赶过整个大陆，这可能会对农民产生严重的连锁反应。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①One of the biggest environmental impacts of the global shut down has been the significant reduction in air pollution.
②Less fumes from cars on the road makes it easier for bees to find food, as air pollution substantially reduced the strength and longevity of floral scents, making it harder for bees to detect food.
③And as governments are tightening their purse strings due to the pandemic, many have stopped maintaining road verges which have turned into lush habitats as a result.
④Usually the bees are transported by plane, but since flights have been grounded they are being driven across the continent.
⑤This could have serious knock-on effects for farmers, as commercial traveling hive are often relied upon for crop pollination.
2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第4、5两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
[1] Due to the pandemic, the world has suffered shut down, which make it easier for bees to find food.
[2] The bees are being driven across the continent, which could have serious knock-on effects for farmers.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Due to the pandemic, people have been confined to their homes and the world suffered shut down, which make it easier for bees to find food.运用一个主从复合句对原文第一段和第二段进行了概括。其中which引导非限制性定语从句。
[高分句型2]The bees are being driven across the continent, which could have serious knock-on effects for farmers. 运用一个主从复合句对原文第四段和第五段进行了概括。其中which引导非限制性定语从句。
2．People often see playing video games harmful to our life, which, in fact, is not always the truth. Playing video games can be used as a therapy to treat some illnesses. What’s more, there is some evidence showing that it has little to do with our behavior. Faced with technology, we should learn to make proper use of them.
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了玩网络游戏并不都是不好的，电脑游戏有时候可以用来治疗疾病，而且也有证据表明电脑游戏对我们的行为并没有多大的影响。所以，真正重要的是我们应该合理使用科技。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①It’s easy to see why video games are often dismissed as something harmful. Players seem absorbed by the action on the screen, as if the rest of the world doesn’t exist.
②Elsewhere, studies have shown that video games can be used as a therapy to help soldiers overcome PTSD, and to help children with cancer stick to treatment.
③But where the best methods are used, evidence suggests that playing violent games has fairly negligible effects on our behaviour.
④After all, these technologies are a relatively recent addition to our lives. Like many things, we can use them in good ways, and we can use them in bad ways. It’s up to us, as a society, to use their potential for good.
2.缜密构思
将第2、3两个要点进行整合，将第1、4个要点进行重新表述。
3.遣词造句
People often see playing video games harmful to our life, which, in fact, is not always the truth.
Playing video games can be used as a therapy to treat some illnesses.
What’s more, there is some evidence showing that it has little to do with our behavior.
Faced with technology, we should learn to make proper use of them.
【点睛】[高分句型1] People often see playing video games harmful to our life, which, in fact, is not always the truth.（运用了一个定语从句对原文第一段的内容进行了概括，表达比较高级）
[高分句型2] What’s more, there is some evidences showing that it has little to do with our behavior.（运用了that引导的宾语从句，对原文第三段进行了概括，表达比较高级）
3．One possible version:
France has attempted to redefine physical beauty by law in its fashion industry to stop pursuing ultra-thinness. The new bans not only oppose unhealthy beauty standards,but also advocate individual worth like character and intellect. Unlike France, which relies on the severe punishment, other countries, such as Denmark, turn to milder measures and ethical persuasion to promote similar beauty concepts.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。法国时装行业试图通过法律重新定义外形美，以停止追求超瘦。新的禁令不仅反对不健康的审美标准，而且提倡个性和智慧等个人价值。与依赖严厉惩罚的法国不同，其他国家，如丹麦，转而采用较为温和的措施和伦理说服来推广类似的美的理念。
【详解】1 要点摘录
1.France has attempted to redefine physical beauty by law in its fashion industry to stop pursuing ultra-thinness.
2.The new bans not only oppose unhealthy beauty standards,but also advocate individual worth like character and intellect.
3.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models.
4.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2分别概括，将第3、4要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
France has attempted to redefine physical beauty by law in its fashion industry to stop pursuing ultra-thinness .
The new bans not only oppose unhealthy beauty standards,but also advocate individual worth like character and intellect.
Unlike France, which relies on the severe punishment, other countries, such as Denmark, turn to milder measures and ethical persuasion to promote similar beauty concepts.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The new bans not only oppose unhealthy beauty standards, but also advocate individual worth like character and intellect. 使用了not only…but also…并列句型，将前后内容进行并列，表达高级。
[高分句型2] Unlike France, which relies on the severe punishment, other countries, such as Denmark, turn to milder measures and ethical persuasion to promote similar beauty concepts.使用了which引导的非限制定语从句，表达高级。
4．    It’s hard for Asia’s fashion brands to appeal to Western customers. But why? They don’t know western tastes and culture very well so they need time to make adjustments. High price is another reason because suburban customers care more about price than fashion. So it may be a wise choice for Asian brands to open their shops in urban centres.
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述亚洲的衣服品牌进入西方国家的市场的道路很坎坷。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①The majority of the world’s clothes, bags and shoes are manufactured in Asia. But the region’s brands have made little headway in the West.
②What makes the journey so hard?
③Adjusting to Western tastes takes time. Although Uniqlo became the largest Japanese apparel brand by selling US-style clothing, it still encountered cultural barriers in America itself.
④Another problem, at least outside the big cities, is price.
⑤But at Danbury Fair, a Connecticut shopping mall that is a barometer for retail trends in the suburbs, people prefer Primark, a super-cheap Irish retailer (零售商) which recently opened, to Uniqlo, which shut up shop in June. Mall visitors are conservative about fashion and about spending, explains F.K. Grunert, its manager.
⑥What still seems to work better is concentrating on urban centres, even though that means a smaller potential market.
2.缜密构思
将第1，2，3，6四个要点进行重组，将第4，5两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
It’s hard for Asia’s fashion brands to appeal to Western customers.
But why?
They don’t know western tastes and culture very well so they need time to make adjustments.
High price is another reason because suburban customers care more about price than fashion.
So it may be a wise choice for Asian brands to open their shops in urban centres.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Although Uniqlo became the largest Japanese apparel brand by selling US-style clothing, it still encountered cultural barriers in America itself.（运用一个主从复合句体现了优衣库在美国遇到了文化冲击。其中Although引导的让步状语从句表达高级）
【高分句型2】But at Danbury Fair, a Connecticut shopping mall that is a barometer for retail trends in the suburbs, people prefer Primark, a super-cheap Irish retailer (零售商) which recently opened, to Uniqlo, which shut up shop in June.（运用一个复杂的主从复合句体现了美国郊区人的消费趋势。其中which引导的非限制性定语从句表达高级）
【高分句型3】What still seems to work better is concentrating on urban centres, even though that means a smaller potential market.（运用一个复杂的主从复合句体现了在美国的潜在市场。其中What引导的主语从句和even though引导的让步状语从句表达高级）
5．For reference:
（范文一）Strengthening or retrieving a sense of control is a natural demand. First, good perspective is of the greatest help, for evaluating the situation properly brings a clearer picture. Second, kind behaviors during tough times can secure you a sense of control as well. Third, actions and thoughts of positivity also help as they may create hope and optimism.
（范文二）It’s essential to feel you can control something in a crisis or emergency. Positive perspective is the most important, since it will ensure you confidence and power to pull through the difficult situation. Then doing small good deeds can free you from worry temporarily by helping others. Lastly, take some positive action to arouse the hope within you.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加强或恢复控制感是一种自然的需求。首先，良好的视角是最大的帮助，因为正确地评估形势会带来更清晰的画面。第二，在困难时期的友善行为也能让你有一种控制感。第三，积极的行动和思想也有帮助，因为它们可以创造希望和乐观。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①It’s natural to feel the need to control something when everything around you feels out of control, and you feel helpless.
②Your most powerful weapon against uncertainty is your perspective because nobody and no situation can take that from you unless you give it away.
③Small gestures during hard times gentle worry and concern.
④Positive action is supposed to be taken to ensure you a sense of control.
2.缜密构思
将第1个要点进行总述，将第2、3、4个要点进行分述。
3.遣词造句
Strengthening or retrieving a sense of control is a natural demand.
First, good perspective is of the greatest help, for evaluating the situation properly brings a clearer picture.
Second, kind behaviors during tough times can secure you a sense of control as well.
Third, actions and thoughts of positivity also help as they may create hope and optimism.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Strengthening or retrieving a sense of control is a natural demand.（对原文第一段进行了概括，运用了动名词短语作主语）
[高分句型2] Third, actions and thoughts of positivity also help as they may create hope and optimism.（对文章第四段进行了概括，运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
6．Professor Bruce Nussbaum argues that creativity is an undervalued skill that anyone can cultivate. Creative intelligence is taking original ideas and scaling them into the creation of new products and services. Creativity is all about making connections and seeing patterns. Although people often associate creativity with solo artists, cooperation cultivates creativity more often than working alone.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，Bruce Nussbaum教授认为，创造力是一种被低估的技能，但任何人都可以培养这种技能。创造性智慧是将原创想法转化为新产品和服务的创造。创造力就是建立联系，发现规律。虽然人们经常把创造力与独唱艺术家联系在一起，但合作往往比独自工作更能培养创造力。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①In his new book Creative Intelligence, Bruce Nussbaum, a professor at Parsons The New School for Design in New York, argues that creativity is an undervalued skill that anyone can cultivate.
②What is creative intelligence? Taking original ideas and scaling them into the creation of new products and services.
③How can we be more creative? Creativity is all about making connections and seeing patterns.
④People often associate creativity with solo artists, but in fact, cooperation cultivates creativity more often than working alone.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
Professor Bruce Nussbaum argues that creativity is an undervalued skill that anyone can cultivate.
Creative intelligence is taking original ideas and scaling them into the creation of new products and services.
Creativity is all about making connections and seeing patterns.
Although people often associate creativity with solo artists, cooperation cultivates creativity more often than working alone.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Professor Bruce Nussbaum argues that creativity is an undervalued skill that anyone can cultivate.运用that引导定语从句对原文第一段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] Although people often associate creativity with solo artists, cooperation cultivates creativity more often than working alone.用although引导让步状语从句对最后第一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
7．Cryptocurrency is an electronic cash system created through a process using cryptography. It enables fast online transaction and removes the need for financial institutions. However, the cryptocurrency industry is facing serious challenges. Weak security means the websites and the users are subjected to thefts. Besides, fake cryptocurrency cheats people of real money, so many companies are restricting cryptocurrency advertising. (59)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，加密货币是一种通过使用密码学的过程创建的电子现金系统。它可以实现快速的在线交易，并消除了对金融机构的需求。然而，加密货币行业正面临严峻挑战。薄弱的安全性意味着网站和用户容易遭受盗窃。此外，虚假加密货币欺骗人们的真钱，所以许多公司限制加密货币广告。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①In 2008, someone, or perhaps a group of people, using the name Satoshi Nakamoto published a paper to an online group that discussed cryptography (密码学).
②That paper described a process that would use cryptography to create a secure electronic cash system, now known as a cryptocurrency (加密货币).
③Person to person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial institutions. Each transaction could happen very quickly.
④Unfortunately, their becoming the global payment systems are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry.
⑤One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash in virtual “wallets” or exchange one kind of electronic cash for another.
⑥In recent years, clever thieves have broken into many of these websites and stolen electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.
⑦Many visitors are persuaded by the websites to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along with the victims’ money.
⑧In response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2和5、6和7、8几个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句Cryptocurrency is an electronic cash system created through a process using cryptography.
It enables fast online transaction and removes the need for financial institutions.
However, the cryptocurrency industry is facing serious challenges.
Weak security means the websites and the users are subjected to thefts.
Besides, fake cryptocurrency cheats people of real money, so many companies are restricting cryptocurrency advertising.
【点睛】[高分句型1]：Cryptocurrency is an electronic cash system created through a process using cryptography.(运用过去分词和现在分词作定语。)
[高分句型2]：Besides, fake cryptocurrency cheats people of real money, so many companies are restricting cryptocurrency advertising. (运用so引导结果状语从句。)
8．Art is beneficial for children in many ways, especially creativity. According to studies, art can strengthen brain’s academic hemisphere, activating multiple areas. Although the benefits of art education are denied by some experts, it is undeniable that it is one of the most precious gifts for children, which cannot be deprived from them.
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章指出，艺术在很多方面都对孩子有益，尤其是创造力。研究表明，艺术可以加强大脑的学术半球，激活多个区域。尽管一些专家否认艺术教育的好处，但不可否认的是，它是孩子们最珍贵的礼物之一，是不能从他们身上剥夺的。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Participation in the arts improves personal confidence, problem solving skills, and even memorization and social skills.
②As young brains develop, it is vital that the creative side of the brain receive equal attention to the logical side of the brain to ensure maximum education.
③This research report shows that the arts strengthen the academic hemisphere of the brain.
④However, when teenagers and young adults are listening to music, drawing a picture or engaging the mind creatively, multiple areas of the brain are working at the same time. As a result, more areas of the brain are strengthened, resulting in stronger overall brain activity.
⑤With all the benefits of arts education, it is shocking that some educational boards still believe sufficient education can be reached without the benefits of the arts.
⑥Participation in the arts is one of the most precious gifts we can give our children. It brings them joy, creativity and helps them excel academically.
⑦Our children need to have every opportunity to expand their minds through the means of the arts. We must give our youth the opportunities and advantages to reach their highest goals and dreams if we are to secure a bright future for generations to come.
2.缜密构思
整合1，2和3，4要点，整合并重组5，6，7要点
3.遣词造句
Art is beneficial for children in many ways, especially creativity.
According to studies, art can strengthen brain’s academic hemisphere, activating multiple areas.
Although the benefits of art education are denied by some experts, it is undeniable that it is one of the most precious gifts for children, which cannot be deprived from them.
【点睛】[高分句型1]According to studies, art can strengthen brain’s academic hemisphere, activating multiple areas. 用现在分词作状语，对第二段的主要内容进行总结。
[高分句型2]Although the benefits of art education are denied by some experts, it is undeniable that it is one of the most precious gifts for children, which cannot be deprived from them.用一个让步状语、主语从句和定语从句对最后两段的主要内容进行总结。
9．Because of COVID-19, Tom Watkins couldn’t come to China to serve as the China partner and managing director of WAY American Schools. Watkins who is enthusiastic about education, is always advocating the value of e-learning. But until then few people were willing to adopt and apply his teaching methods. However, online learning has become the focus of attention again due to the impact of COVID-19. In this changing situation, he believes that wise educators should seek the integration of high-quality teaching and high-tech, and insist on using online learning to provide flexible, personalized and global teaching for learners , which could enable quality teaching and learning to continue.
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了由于新冠肺炎疫情，Tom Watkins未能来华担任WAY美国学校中国区合伙人兼董事总经理。对教育充满热情的Watkins一直倡导电子学习的价值。但在此之前，很少有人愿意采用和应用他的教学方法。然而，受新冠肺炎疫情影响，在线学习再次成为人们关注的焦点。在这种不断变化的形势下，他认为明智的教育者应该寻求高质量教学与高科技的融合，并坚持利用在线学习为学习者提供灵活、个性化和全球化的教学，使高质量的教与学能够持续下去。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①If it had not been for COVID-19, Tom Watkins would have been in China, serving as the China partner and managing director of WAY American Schools, and Watkins is enthusiastic about education.
②Then suddenly, online learning has popped into the spotlight.
③In Watkins’ eyes, e-learning has its advantages, the most important of which are greater flexibility, personalized learning and globalization of education.
④When COVID-19 struck, wise policymakers and educators wasted little time casting blame or cursing the darkness but reached for new technology tools to enable quality teaching and learning to continue.
2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Online learning is both necessary and beneficial during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The benefits of online learning are particularly tangible in the context of the pandemic.
I have been firmly convinced that on line learning could bring us greater flexibility, personalized learning and globalization of education.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Watkins who is enthusiastic about education, is always advocating the value of e-learning.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句，对Watkins进行修饰。who在定语从句中作主语)
[高分句型2]In this changing situation, he believes that wise educators should seek the integration of high-quality teaching and high-tech, and insist on using online learning to provide flexible, personalized and global teaching for learners , which could enable quality teaching and learning to continue.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，对前面的做法进行解释和说明，起到概括总结的作用)
10．Reference answer
Large clothing manufacturers exploit offshore production, outsourcing production in developing countries, to cut costs. This practice creates jobs and boosts long-term overall development in developing countries but robs people of their jobs in developed countries. To profit from offshore production, multinational companies should invest in improving overseas social situations and target consumers’ communities while protecting overseas employees. (57 words)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，大型服装制造商利用海外生产，将生产外包到发展中国家，以削减成本。这种做法在发展中国家创造了就业机会，促进了长期的整体发展，但在发达国家却剥夺了人们的就业机会。为了从海外生产中获利，跨国公司应该投资改善海外社会状况，瞄准消费者社区，同时保护海外员工。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①To make clothes at these low prices, companies have to keep costs down.
②Large companies make their products in developing countries where workers are paid much less than in developed countries.
③A point that should be considered in that case is that developing countries encourage developed countries to invest in them to provide jobs.
④because it reduces the number of people needing to work in agriculture and increases competition for labour. This leads to higher wages
⑤On the other hand, the disadvantage of this foreign investment is the fact that it can have a negative impact on the economy of developed countries
⑥they should do more to improve the social situation…. It is also clear that multinationals should invest in communities in the developed countries where they sell their products...they need to feel obliged to protect the workers in overseas manufacturing plants.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4、5三个要点进行整合，将第6个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Large clothing manufacturers exploit offshore production, outsourcing production in developing countries, to cut costs.
This practice creates jobs and boosts long-term overall development in developing countries but robs people of their jobs in developed countries.
To profit from offshore production, multinational companies should invest in improving overseas social situations and target consumers’ communities while protecting overseas employees.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Large clothing manufacturers exploit offshore production, outsourcing production in developing countries, to cut costs. 运用了现在分词作状语，对第一段部分内容进行概括。
[高分句型2]To profit from offshore production, multinational companies should invest in improving overseas social situations and target consumers’ communities while protecting overseas employees.运用了不定式作状语，对最后一段内容进行概括。