山东省淄博市高青县2021-2023年中考英语一模试题分类汇编：选词填空

山东省淄博市高青县

2021-2023年中考英语一模试题分类汇编

选词填空

2023年山东省淄博市高青县中考一模英语试题

三、选词填空(共10小题，满分10分)

根据短文内容, 选择适当的单词填空, 使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。

In March 2017, about 25 people were__2. to a kitchen in San Francisco, California, for a tasting event. What's on the menu? Fried chicken! "This is some of the best fried chicken I've ever had, " one guest said.

The compliment (赞美) was extra special considering the source of the meat. It had been___ 28___ in a lab by scientists from Memphis Meats. The company makes meat by safely extracting (提取) cells from animals such_29_chickens, ducks, and cows. Then it feeds the cells nutrients (营养) . Those cells grow and multiply (繁殖) , forming muscle, which is meat. Memphis Meats is one of several companies in the United States and around the world making cellular (细胞的)，or lab-grown, meat. Many people think it's_30_ for the planet than raising animals for food. Others aren't so sure.

Why Cellular Meat?

The world's__ 31___ expected to grow to nearly 10 billion by 2050, according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO联合国粮食与农业组织). That’s almost 2 billion more people than there are today. Eric Schulze is a vice president at Memphis Meats. He thinks_32_so many people will be difficult. FAO says people could eat 73%more meat in 2050. “With current (当前的) meat production methods, there aren't_33__ resources such as land and__ 34___ to meet that need, " Schulze told TIME for Kids.

Traditional meat production also requires lots of__ 35_. And cows release (释放)methane (甲烷), a gas which traps heat in the atmosphere, which contributes to climate change.

Raising cows and other livestock (家畜) takes up space, too. Currently, 77% of the world's farmland is used to grow crops to feed livestock or for the animals to eat. Using more land for livestock will lead to deforestation (采伐森林).

But cellar-meat production requires fewer cows and__ 36_ land. Schulze says the cells taken during one extraction can make more meat than any single animal could ever produce. Just how much land is needed?“You only need the land required for the facility (设施) where the meat is made, " Elliot Swartz told TFK. He's a scientist at the Good Food Institute, a group that promotes (促进) cellular meat and plant-based meat.

2022年山东省淄博市高青县中考一模英语试题

五、短文选词填空

根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。

Henry is going through a very hard time. His ____32____ just passed away. He feels that life without her is pointless. For months, he has just sat around the house, doing ____33____ . His family have tried to encourage him to do new things and ____34____ life, but they haven’t succeeded.Henry’s neighbor, an old woman ____35____ Lisa, sees him one day. She asks him to come ____36____ to the fence between their homes.

“Hello, Henry! Just look at this fence. It is falling apart. You are a strong man. Can you help me fix this fence?” Lisa asks.

Henry is angry inside. He is the ____37____ who needs help right now. He thinks the old lady is being kind of rude. But she is too old to fix the fence herself, so he agrees.

Henry works on the fence for days. Lisa brings him lemonade while he works. When he finishes, she thanks him. Henry smiles ____38____ the first time in months.

“What a wonderful job! Could you please paint it for me?” Lisa asks.

Henry cannot believe she is asking for more help. Doesn’t she know ____39____ sad he is? But because he respects her, and agrees again. He works ____40____ , painting the fence in the hot sun, but Lisa’s lemonade and encouragement are helpful. As their neighbors pass by, they all tell Henry what a beautiful job he has done. Henry feels proud of his job.

Henry no longer feels that life is pointless. He finally realizes that Lisa wasn’t being rude. She understood that staying busy can help us forget our sadness. He helped her, but she _____41_____saved him.

2021年山东省淄博市高青县中考一模英语试题

五、短文选词填空

Non-natives better at English?You might _____27_____ native English speakers to be the best at speaking the English language.

But some experts believe that when it comes to _____28_____ communicating in English, non-native speakers are actually easier to understand.

“Often you have a room full of people from different countries communicating in English and all understanding each other. And then _____29_____ the American or British person walks into the room and nobody can understand them,” Chia Suan Chong, a UK-based communications culture expert, told the BBC．

Chong said this happens _____30_____ non-native speakers communicate more carefully.

“English speakers, on the other _____31_____, often talk too fast, use jokes, slang (俚语) and make references to their country that others might not understand,” Chong said.

_____32_____ an Australian living in China, this is something that I keep in mind when talking to my Chinese coworkers. I’m _____33_____ to speak slowly and use words I know they will understand. Sometimes, we confuse each other though. Once, I told my coworker, “no dramas”, which is slang for “no problem”. However, she thought I was calling her a drama queen (大惊小怪的人) and got upset.

But don’t worry. Experts say that it’s the native speaker’s _____34_____ if they can’t understand you, not yours. “English speakers with no other language often lack awareness (意识) of how to speak English internationally,” English language teacher Dale Coulter told the BBC．

The best way to _____35_____ any trouble might be to ask for some patience. If you find it difficult to understand an English speaker, don’t be afraid to ask them to _____36_____ down and speak clearly.

答案：

2023年山东省淄博市高青县中考一模英语试题

27.invited  28.grown  29.as  30.better   31.population

32.feeding  33.enough    34.water     35.cows   36.less

27．invited    28．grown    29．as    30．better    31．population    32．feeding    33．enough    34．water    35．cows    36．less

【导语】本文讲述了世界人口急剧增长，对肉类食物需求持续增加，而饲养饲养奶牛和其他牲畜会影响气候变化， 也会占用空间。孟菲斯肉类公司的专家在实验室里培育的细胞肉可以解决这些问题。

27．句意：2017年3月，约25人被邀请到加利福尼亚州旧金山的一个厨房参加品尝活动。结合所给词，根据“ 25 people were...to a kitchen...”可知，此处为被动语态，表达“被邀请”。故填invited。

28．句意：它是由孟菲斯肉类公司的科学家在实验室里种植的。根据“by scientists from Memphis Meats”可知此处为被动语态，表达“被种植”，结合备选项词汇，故填grown。

29．句意：该公司通过安全地从鸡、鸭和牛等动物身上提取细胞来生产肉类。根据“such”可知，此处为固定短语such as“例如”，结合备选项词汇，故填as。

30．句意：许多人认为这比饲养动物作为食物对地球更好。根据“than raising animals for food.”可知此处为比较级，表达跟饲养动物相比作为食物相比，故推断填空处应为“更好”，结合备选项词汇，故填better。

31．句意：根据联合国粮食及农业组织的数据，到2050年，世界人口预计将增长到近100亿。根据“That’s almost 2 billion more people than there are today.”可知此处说的应为人口，结合备选项词汇，故填population。

32．句意：他认为养活这么多人会很困难。根据后文“FAO says people could eat 73% more meat in 2050.”可推断前文应表达“养活这么多人很困难”，结合备选项词汇，故填feeding。

33．句意：按照目前的肉类生产方法，没有足够的土地和水资源来满足这一需求。根据“there aren’t...resources such as land ”可知人口众多，对食物需求量太大，此处表达“没有足够的”，结合备选项词汇，故填enough。

34．句意：按照目前的肉类生产方法，没有足够的土地和水资源来满足这一需求。根据前文可知，为满足人们对事物的需求，需要饲养更多的家畜，养家畜需要土地和水资源，结合空前“such as land and”可推断，此处应为“水”，结合备选项词汇，故填water。

35．句意：传统的肉类生产也需要大量的牛。根据后文“And cows release methane ...”可知，此处说的是“奶牛”，结合备选项词汇，故填cows。

36．句意：但是细胞肉生产需要更少的奶牛和更少的土地。根据“But cellular-meat production requires fewer cows”可知，细胞肉需要更少的奶牛，and为并列连词，前后内容并列，故此处为“更少的土地”，结合备选项词汇，故填less。

2022年山东省淄博市高青县中考一模英语试题

32．wife    33．nothing    34．enjoy    35．named    36．over    37．one    38．for    39．how    40．hard    41．truly

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Henry在经历丧妻之痛后一蹶不振，他的邻居Lisa让他帮助修篱笆以此鼓励他重新面对生活，看似是Henry帮助了Lisa，实质是Lisa拯救了Henry。

32．句意：他的妻子刚刚去世。根据下一句中的“life without her”可知这里的her指的应是他的妻子。备选词汇中的wife“妻子”符合题意。故填wife。

33．句意：好几个月，他就坐在房子周围，什么事也没干。动词doing后接表示“事物”的词作其宾语，结合语境可知他妻子去世后他非常沮丧，因此整天只呆坐着，什么事也没做。备选词汇中的nothing“没有事物”符合题意。故填nothing。

34．句意：他的家人鼓励他去做一些新事情，好好享受生活，但都没有成功。and连接两个动词不定式，因此此空应填动词原形。备选词汇中的enjoy构成enjoy life“享受生活”符合题意。故填enjoy。

35．句意：Henry的邻居，一位名叫Lisa的老女人，有一天看见了他。Lisa是an old woman的名字，放在其后作后置定语，因此应用动词name的过去分词来表示“被叫做”。故填named。

36．句意：她把他叫到他们房子之间的篱笆前来。come over表示“过来”。备选词汇中的over符合题意。故填over。

37．句意：他才是那个现在需要帮助的人呢。who引导的定语从句修饰其前的代词，因此是the one，指代“那一个人”。备选词汇中的one符合题意。故填one。

38．句意：在好几个月里，Henry第一次笑了。for the first time表示“第一次”。备选词汇中的for符合题意。故填for。

39．句意：难道她不知道他现在有多伤心吗？动词know后接宾语从句。结合语境可知该宾语从句是一个感叹句，sad是形容词，因此其前应用how来修饰。故填how。

40．句意：他在炎热的大太阳底下，认真地工作，油刷篱笆，然而Lisa的柠檬水和鼓励还是很有帮助的。work hard表示“认真工作，努力工作”。备选词汇中的hard符合题意。故填hard。

41．句意：他帮了她，但是她却真正地拯救了他。saved是动词，需要副词来修饰。备选词汇中的truly“真正地”是副词，符合题意。故填truly。

2021年山东省淄博市高青县中考一模英语试题

27．expect    28．successfully    29．suddenly    30．because    31．hand    32．As    33．careful    34．fault    35．avoid    36．slow

【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文提出你可能认为以英语为母语的人最擅长说英语，但一些专家认为，要成功地用英语交流，非母语人士实际上更容易理解。

27．句意：你可能认为以英语为母语的人最擅长说英语。空处缺谓语动词，根据“Non-natives better at English?”可知，此处应是表述观点，备选词汇expect“认为”符合语境；might是情态动词，其后跟动词原形。故填expect。

28．句意：但是一些专家认为，就成功地用英语交流而言，非英语母语者实际上更容易被理解。根据“ when it comes to... communicating in English, non-native speakers are actually easier to understand”可知，此处指成功地用英语交流，应用副词successfully“成功地”修饰动词communicating。故填successfully。

29．句意：然后突然，美国人或英国人走进房间，没人能听懂他们的话。空处应填副词作状语，根据“ ...and all understanding each other”和“...walks into the room and nobody can understand them”可知，应是突然走进来，备选词汇“suddenly”符合语境。故填suddenly。

30．句意：Chong说，这种情况的发生是因为非英语母语者在交流时更加谨慎。空后“non-native speakers communicate more carefully”是在解释发生这种情况的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。

31．句意：另一方面，说英语的人常常语速太快，使用笑话、俚语和有关他们国家的一些东西，其他人可能听不懂。上文讲了发生这种情况的一个原因，此处是指另一个原因，on the other hand表示“另一方面”，固定短语。故填hand。

32．句意：作为一个生活在中国的澳大利亚人，当我和我的中国同事交谈时，我就会牢记这一点。空处应填介词，根据句意可知，此处指“作为一个……澳大利亚人”，备选词汇as“作为”符合语境，故填As。

33．句意：我小心翼翼地说得很慢，用我知道他们会理解的词。空处应填形容词作表语，根据上文提到的“non-native speakers communicate more carefully”和“this is something that I keep in mind when talking to my Chinese coworkers”以及“ speak slowly and use words I know they will understand”可知，此处字小心翼翼地讲话，备选词汇“careful”符合语境。故填careful。

34．句意：专家说，如果母语者听不懂你说的话，那是他们的错，而不是你的错。空处应填名词，根据“ it’s the native speaker’s ...if they can’t understand you, not yours”结合备选词汇可知，此处指听不懂是他们的错，而不是你的，“fault”符合语境，the native speaker’s是单数名词所有格，所以此处也用名词的单数形式。故填fault。

35．句意：避免任何麻烦的最好方法可能是要求一些耐心。the best way to do sth.表示“做某事的最好方法”，空处应填动词原形；根据“any trouble might be to ask for some patience”结合备选词汇可知，此处指避免麻烦，“avoid”符合语境。故填avoid。

36．句意：如果你觉得听不懂一个说英语的人的话，不要害怕，让他们放慢语速，清晰地说。根据“If you find it difficult to understand an English speaker”结合常识可知，听不懂的情况下，应是要求对方放慢语速，slow down“放慢速度”，ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”，空处应用动词原形。故填slow。