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第1讲 Unit 1 What's the matter? 拔尖版 教案
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第一讲 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 拔尖版
单元目标总览:
单元话题
Health and first aid
重点单词
1.问题;事情matter 2.出什么事了?What’s the matter?
3.疼痛的;酸痛的sore 4.感冒have a cold
5.胃痛,腹痛stomachache 6.胃痛have a stomachache
7.脚;足foot 8.颈;脖子neck
9.胃;腹部stomach 10.咽喉;喉咙throat
11.发烧fever 12.躺,平躺lie
13.躺下lie down 14.放松;休息rest
15.咳嗽cough 16.X射线;X光X-ray
17.牙痛toothache 18.量体温take one’s temperature
19.头痛headache 20.发烧have a fever
21.间歇;休息break 22.休息take breaks (take a break)
23.(使)疼痛;受伤hurt 24.乘客;旅客passenger
25.离开(某处);不工作; off 26.下车get off
27. 出乎......意料to one’s surprise 28.向;朝onto
29.问题;苦恼trouble 30.击;打hit
31.立即;马上right away 32.陷入;参与get into
33. 她自己herself 34.绷带;用绷带包扎bandage
35.生病的;有病的sick 36.膝;膝盖knee
37.鼻出血nosebleed 38.呼吸breathe
39.晒伤的sunburned 40. 我们自己ourselves
41.登山者;攀登者climber 42.习惯于......;适应于......be used to
43.危险;风险;冒险 risk 44.冒险take risks
45.(交通)事故; accident 46.情况;状况situation
47.千克;公斤kilo 48.岩石tock
49.用尽;耗尽run out (of) 50.刀knife
51.切除cut off 52.血blood
53.意思是;打算;意欲mean 54.离开;从......出来gt out of
55.重要性;重要importance 56.决定;抉择decision
57.限制;约束;管理control 58.掌管;管理bi in control of
59.勇气;意志spirit 60.死;死亡death
61.放弃give up 62.护士nurse
常用短语
1.have a fever 发烧 2.have a cough 咳嗽
3.have a toothache 牙疼 4.talk too much 说得太多
5.drink enough water 喝足够的水 6.have a cold 受凉;感冒
7.have a stomachache 胃疼 8.have a sore back 背疼
9.have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. take risks 冒险
11.hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶 12.see a dentist 看牙医
13.get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14.take one’s temperature 量体温
15.put some medicine on sth.在...敷药 16. give up 放弃
17. sound like 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末
19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生
21. go along 沿着……走 22. on the side of the road在马路边
23. shout for help 大声呼救 24. without thinking twice没有多想
25. get off 下车 26. have a heart problem 有心脏病
27. to one’ s surprise 另某人惊讶的是 28. thanks to 多亏了 ;由于
29. in time 及时 30. make a decision 做出决定
31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 32. right away 立刻;马上
33. because of 由于 34. get out of 离开;从……出来
35. keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事 36. put a bandage on sth.用绷带包扎
37. fall down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心
39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖
41. put her head back把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing呼吸困难
43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事
45. run out (of) 用完;用尽 46. so that 以便
47. so...that... 如此……以至于...… 48. be in control of 掌管;管理
49. in a difficult situation 在闲境中
重点句型
1. What's the matter with you?= What'the trouble with you?
= What's wrong with you? 你怎么了?
2. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢?
3.Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗?
4.You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。
5. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢?
6. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。
7. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. 她说这个人有心脏病应该去医院。
核心语法
(1)情态动词should的用法(2)反身代词的用法
Section A 考点知识梳理
1. What’t the matter ? 怎么了 ?
matter此处为可数名词,意为“毛病;麻烦”,通常用于句型 What’s the matter with sb. ?中。该问句常用来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦 。
◆—What’s the matter with him ? 他怎么了 ?
—He has a headache . 他头痛 。
拓展:①matter还可作为不及物动词,意为“要紧,有关系”,主要用于否定句,疑问句或者条件句中。
◆It doesn’t matter . 没有关系 。
◆Does it matter if I’m a bit late ? 我晚一会到有关系吗 ?
②.no matter 与 who , what , where 等连用, 相当于 whoever , whatever ,wherever 等,可引导让步状语从句。
◆ Don’t open the door , no matter who comes . 不管谁来都别开口。
2. I have stomachache . 我胃痛 。
Stomachache为可数名词,意为“胃痛;腹痛”
◆Mary didn’t come to school yesterday because she had a stomachache.
拓展:
在英语中,一部分表示身体部位的名词加上名词ache(疼痛)后,可以构成合成名词。如 headache头痛,toothache牙痛,stomachache胃痛,backache背痛,earache耳朵痛。
3. She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water . 她昨天说话太多,并且没有喝足够的水。
(1)此处too much 相当于一个副词,修饰动词talked ,放在后面作状语,意为“太多”。
◆ She worried too much .她非常担心。
◆Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃的太多对身体健康无益。
(2)此处enough为形容词,意为“足够的”。修饰名词时,常放在名词前,且位置后置。
◆ It is good enough gor me .它对我来说足够好了。
◆Is the water warm enough for you ?这水对你来说温度合适吗?
Enough还可以构成句型搭配:be + adj.+enough+to do “足够.....做某事”
◆Though he has grown up , he isn’t brave enough to go out alone at night.
4. Drink some hot tea with honey . 喝些加有蜂蜜的热茶 。
with为介词,在此处意为“加上;具有;带有”,表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质,其反义词为without。
◆Would you like some tea with sugar ?你需要加糖的茶吗?
◆China is a country with a long history .中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。
◆No man could live without water .没有水人类无法生存。
拓展:
①with意为“和....在一起”
◆Mr.Black is talking with a friend .布莱克正在和一个朋友讲话。
②with 意为“用(工具、手段等)”
◆You can cut it with a knife .你可以用小刀切。
③with 表示方式、情况或者条件 。
◆She likes to sleep with the light on .她喜欢开着灯睡觉。
5. You need to take breaks away from the computer .你需要离开电脑休息几天 。
(1) need 在此处为实意动词,意为“需要”,后面可接名词,代词,动名词及带有to 的不定式作宾语。
◆We need to think twice about it .我们需要在考虑一下。
◆She needs your help .我们需要你的帮助。
拓展:
Need作情态动词,意为“需要,必需”。无人称和数的变化,否定式为needn’t,后面一般接动词原形。
—Need I finish the work today ?我今天需要完成这些工作吗?
—Yes, you must . / No ,you needn’t .是的,你必须完成。/不,不需要
(2) break 此处用作可数名词,意为“(课间的)休息”。
◆ He sat under the big tree to take a break.他站在大树底下休息。
◆There is a 10-minute break between classes .课间有十分钟休息。
拓展:
①break作不及物动词,意为“碎;破”。其过去式为broke,过去分词为broken 。
◆Glasses breaks easily .玻璃很容易打碎。
②break 作及物动词,意为“弄碎,弄破”。
◆He broke his right leg last month .上个月他弄伤了他的右腿。
③break 作及物动词,意为“不遵守(法律,规则等)”。
◆The teacher is talking to the student who broke the rules .老师正在问学生谁违反了纪律。
6. I think you should lie down and rest .我认为你应该躺下休息 。
(1)lie (lay , lain , lying) 此处为不及物动词,意为“躺;卧”
◆Don’t lie in bed all morning .不要一早上都躺在床上。
◆He found a dog lying at the door .他发现一只狗躺在门边。
拓展:
①lie作为不及物动词,意为“撒谎,说谎”,过去式和过去分词均为lied,现在分词为lying。
◆You are lying to me .你对我撒谎
②lie 作可数名词,意为“谎言,假话”
◆ I know he told a lie just now .我知道他刚刚说了谎话。
◆I believe that it is a white lie .我相信那是一个善意的谎言。
③lay 动词,意为“产卵,下蛋”,过去式和过去分词均为laid .
◆The hens are not laying well at the moment .母鸡现在没有在产蛋。
(2) rest 常作可数名词,意为“休息”
◆You must take a tes from your work
7. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow , then go to a doctor .如果明天你的头和脖子还痛的话,就去看医生。
(1) 此处连词if 引导条件状语从句,意为“如果,假如”。
◆If she arrives in New York , I’ll telephone you .
(2) go to a doctor 为固定短语,意为“看医生”,相当于 go to see a doctor .
◆Bill went to a doctor yesterday .比尔昨天去看了医生。
◆Don’t take any medicine before going to a doctor .看医生之前不要吃药。
8. He got off and asked the woman what happened .他下了车,问那个妇女发生了什么事 。
(1)get off 为“动词+副词”结构的短语,人称代词作宾语时,应放在动词与副词之间,此处意为“下车”。
辨析:
① get off 意为“下(汽车、火车、飞机等)”
◆The first passenger to get off the bus was a woman .第一位下车的乘客是一位女士。
②get on 意为“登上(汽车、火车、飞机等)”,后面常跟较大的交通工具,反义词为get off
◆When I got on the bus ,I saw my teacher sitting there .当我上了公交车,我发现我的老师站在那里。
③get into 意为“进入(小汽车、出租车、电梯等)” ,后面常跟较小的◆He got into a taxi and left .他进了一辆出租车离开了。
④get out of 意为“从(小汽车、出租车、直升飞机等)下来”
◆She got out of the car and wen into the hall .他从汽车上下来进了大厅。
(2) happen 为及物动词,意为“发生”
①当表示“某人或者某物发生某事”时,某人或者某物必须放在介词to后面,用句型sth. Happens to sb./sth.来表达
◆What has happened to Judy ?Judy发生了什么事情1、
②当用作“碰巧”时,常用句型 sb. Happens to do sth.和 It happens + that 从句
◆She happened to meet her friend in the bookstore .在书店她碰巧遇到她的朋友。
◆It happened that I had no money with me .碰巧的是我没有带钱。
9、 He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.他希望大部分这货所有的乘客下车等下一班车。
Expect动词,意为“期待,预料”;主要用法:
(1) expect+名词/代词
◆I’m expecting a telephone call from her.我正在等她的电话。
(2) expect to do sth
◆She expect to go there next week.她期望下周去哪里。
(3) expect sb to do sth
◆He expected her to go with him他期望她同他一起去。
(4) expect+that从句
◆I expect that he’ll come back tomorrow.我期望他明天会回来。
10、Mr.Wang knew he had to act quickly . 王先生知道他必须快点行动。
have to 不得不 ,后面接动词原形
辨析:have to 和 must
①have to 强调客观上的需要 ;must 强调主观上的必要性。
◆ I have to tidy up the room .(客观需要)我必须打扫一下房间。
◆ I must tidy up the room . (主观想法)我必须打扫一下房间。
②have to 有人称,数和时态变化,可用于一般现在时,一般过去时或一般将来时等;
must 无人称,数,时态变化,主要用于一般现在时。
◆Does he have to stay here ?他必须待在这里吗?
◆Must she finish her homework first ?她必须先完成作业吗?
③它们的否定形式不同。 don’t have to 表示“不必要,不需要”
must’t 表示“禁止,不允许,不应该”
◆You don’t have to help him .你不需要去帮助她。
◆You mustn’t help him 你不应该帮助她。
11、But to his surprise ,they all agreed to go with him . 但出乎他的意料,他们都同意和他一起去。
(1) to one’s surprise 为固定结构,意为“使某人惊讶的是...”类似结构还有 to one’t joy 使人开心的是 ; to one’s disappointment 令人失望的是 ; to one’s satisfaction 使某人满意的是
◆To his surprise , she won the first prize .出人意料的是,她获奖了。
(2) agree 为及物动词。后面可跟名词,代词,动词不定式或者宾语从句。
辨析:
①agree to 后面接计划或者建议 。 I agree to your plan .我同意你的计划。
②agree on 后面接日期或者条款。 They agreed on these terms .他们同意这些条款。
③agree with 后面接人或者意见。 I agree with you .我同意你的意见。
12、 Thanks to Mr.Wang and the passengers,the man was saved by the doctors in time.多亏了王先生和乘客们,医生及时挽救了老人的生命。
(1) thanks to意为“由于,多亏”
◆Thanks to your help.we finished the task on time.多亏了你们的帮助,我们才能按时完成了任务。
辨析:thanks to和thanks for
Thanks to
多亏,由于,to是介词,其后接名词、代词、动名词形式
Thanks for
因......而感谢,for后接感谢的原因,常接名词、动名词形式
◆Thanks to you ,I am not lost.多亏了你我才没有迷路。
◆Thanks for sending me such a nice present.谢谢你寄给我这么好的一个礼物。
(2) in time意为“及时,适时”
◆If you hurry,you’ll be in time for your flight.如果你快点。还能赶上你那趟航班。
辨析:in time和on time
in time
及时;表示动作在规定的时间内或提前完成
on time
准时,正点;强调不早不晚。
◆We were just in time for the bus.我们正好赶上那班公交车。
◆The train came into the station on time.火车准时到达。
13、The old man got to the hospital in time .那位老人及时到达了医院。
get to 意为“到达”。此处get为补给物动词,当后面接地点名词时,要加上介词to .
辨析:
①get 不及物动词,后面可接地点名词作宾语要加介词to.要是接地点副词home, here 和 there 不用to .
◆I get home at 7:00 P.m. every day .每天下午我7点到家。
◆What time shall we get to Beijing ?我们什么时间到达北京?
②arrive 不及物动词,可直接跟地点副词;加上介词at/in后,才能接地点名词。(大地点用in;小地点用at)
③reach 及物动词,其后可接跟地点名词,也可跟地点副词。
◆I reached Beijing the day before yesterday .我前天到达北京。
◆We reached here on foot .我们步行到这。
14、they do not want to get into trouble.他们不想惹麻烦。
get into trouble=be in trouble“造成麻烦”,其中trouble是不可数名词。
◆Let’s help the people who are in trouble.让我们来帮助那些陷入麻烦的人吧。
15、 Did you fall down?你摔倒了吗?
辨析:fall down和fall off
fall down
意为“倒下”,强调的是“滑倒,倒下”
fall off
意为“跌落”,强调的是“从某处跌落;从某处掉下来”,相当于fall down from
◆It’s easy to fall down on the snowy road.在有积雪的路面上很容易滑倒。
◆The girl fell off the bike.女孩从自行车上摔了下来。
SectionB 考点知识梳理
1. Put on a clean T-shirt ..穿上意见干净的T恤衫。
put on 为“动词+副词”短语,意为“穿上;戴上”。代词作其宾语时,须放在put on 的中间。
◆He put on a coat and went out .
辨析:
①put on “穿衣”表动作
②wear “穿衣”及物动词,表状态
③dress “给....传衣服”及物动词,宾语只能为人。
④(be)in “穿着”后面接表衣服的名词或表示颜色的形容词,表状态。be in 同 be dressed in
2. Told him to rest .
Tell为及物动词,tell sb. (not) to do sth.意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事”。
◆He told me to write a report .他告诉我写一篇报道。
◆The police told the children not to play in the street .警察告诉孩子们不要再大街上玩。
3. Have problem breathing .呼吸困难。
(1) have problems (in)doing sth.为固定短语,意为“做某事有问题或困难”,同意短语为
have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth.
◆He had problems (in) learning English grammar .他学习英语语法有困难。
◆ He has no problem (in) singing the song .他唱这首歌没难度。
4. Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing .阿伦罗尔斯顿是一个对爬山很感兴趣的美国人。
(1)此处who is .....为定语从句,修饰名词man ,who 为关系代词。当被修饰词为人时,常用关系代词who或者that引导定语从句。
◆Do you know the girls who / that are dancing ?你知道那个跳舞的女孩是谁吗?
◆The man that / who you are waiting for won’t come .你等的那个男孩不会来
(2) be interested in 为固定短语,意为“对....感兴趣”,相当于take interest in .
Interesting “引起兴趣的,有趣的”。作表语或定语,修饰物。
Interested “感兴趣的”只作表语,主语为人。
一言辨析:I’m interested in the interesting things .我对那些有趣的事物感兴趣。
5. As a mountain climber ,Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者,阿伦习惯于冒险。
(1)此处as为介词,意为“作为”。
◆ He works in the hotel as a cook .他在一家宾馆做厨师。
(2) 此处 be used to 意为“习惯于.....; 适应于.....”,后面接名词、代词或动名词。
◆He is used to hard work .他一直努力工作。
◆She is used to getting up early .他习惯于早起
(3) take risks 意为“冒险”,相当于 take a risk 。
◆You can’t get rich without taking risks .不冒险你不会富裕的。
6. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents .
有许多次阿伦因为(意外)事故几乎失去生命。
(1)此处time 为可数名词,意为“次数”。
◆How many times have you been to Paris ?你去过巴黎几次?
(2) almost 副词,意为“几乎,差不多”。
◆He has almost finished his work .他差不多完成了工作。
(3) 辨析 because of 和 because
①because of “因为”,介词短语,后面接名词或者代词。
◆I didn’t go because of the rain .因为下雨我不能走了。
②because “因为”,连词,引导原因状语从句。
◆He didn’t come to school because he was ill .他不能来学校了因为他生病了。
7. He was not ready to die that day . 他不愿那天死去。
(1) ready 为形容词,意为“准备好的,乐意的,愿意的”,常作表语。
◆Lunch is ready .午饭准备好了。
拓展:
①be ready to do sth. “准备好了做某事”,主要强调已经准备好了要做某事,表示即将去做。
◆We are ready to answer the questions .我们准备了回答这些问题。
◆She is always ready to help others .她总是准备好帮助别人。
② be ready for “为......准备好”
◆He was ready for the test .他为考试做准备。
(2) die (died , died , dying ) 为不及物动词,意为“死,死亡”
◆His parents died long ago .他的父母去世很长时间了
◆The man is dying . 那个人就要死了。
拓展:
die 的形容词形式为 dead , 名词形式为death 。
◆A dead person can’t speak .死人是不会说话的。
8. So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm . 因此他用刀子切除了他的一半右臂。
(1) use sth. to do sth. “用某物做某事”
◆I use my pen to write a letter .我用钢笔写信。
◆I use a knife to cut apples . = I use a knife for cutting apples .我用刀子切纸。
(2) cut off 为固定短语,意为“切除,切断”。
◆When was the telephone cut off ?电话什么时间中断的?
拓展:
常见的与cut有关的短语:
cut down 砍到,减少 cut up 切碎 cut in 插入 插嘴
9. Then , with his left arm , he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood .
然后,他用左臂给自己打上绷带以至于他不会失去太多的血。
(1) 此处with意为“用(工具或器具等)”。
◆You can cut it with a knife .你可以用小刀切。
辨析:with 与 in
with : 介词,“ 用(工具)”
◆They eat with forks .他们用叉吃饭。
In : 介词,“用(语言,声音,材料等)”。
◆She can give a talk in English .她用英语做了一个演讲。
(2) 此处so that 引导结果状语从句 ,意为“以至于”。
◆She got up late so that she missed the early bus .她起床晚了以至于错过了早班车。
10. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience .
他对登山如此快以至于即使这次经历之后他还继续爬山。
(1)keep on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”。
◆The students are keeping on reading .同学们一直在读书。
拓展:
①keep doing sth.“继续不停地做某事”
◆Keep going until you reach the end of road .一直走直到走到路的尽头。
②keep sb. Doing sth.“使某人一直做某事”
◆Do’t keep your mother waiting.不要让你的妈妈等着。
③keep sb, from doing sth. “阻止某人做某事”
◆You shouldn’t keep him from watching cartoons .你要组织他看动画片。
(2) experience 此处用作可数名词 “经历”。
11. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks .
阿伦喜爱爬山,不介意冒险。
此处mind 为动词,意为“介意;在乎”。后面可接动名词作宾语,但不能跟动词不定式。
◆I don’t mind at all .我一点也不介意。
◆Would you mind parking your car there ?你介意把车停在这里吗?
单元语法重点:一、 询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法
(1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时,常用以下几种结构来表达:
What’s the matter (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了?
What’s wrong (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了?
What’s the trouble (with sb.)?(某人)出什么事了?
What happened (to sb.)?(某人)发生了什么事?
Are you OK?你没事吧?
Is there anything wrong with sb.?某人有什么事吗?
(2) 要表达身体疼痛或不舒服,可用以下结构:
①某人+have/has+病症.
◆The twins have colds.双胞胎感冒了。
某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.
◆She had a stomachache last night.她昨晚肚子痛。
③某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位. He has a sore throat.他喉咙痛。
④某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词. He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。
⑤某部位+hurt(s).
◆My head hurts badly.我头痛得厉害。
⑥某人+have/has+a pain+in one’s+身体部位, I have a pain in my chest.我胸口痛。
⑦(There is)something wrong with one’s+身体部位.
◆There is something wrong with my right eye..我的右眼有毛病。
⑧其他表达方式
She has a heart trouble.她有心脏病。
He got hit on the head他头部受到了撞击。
She cut her finger.她割破手指了。
二 情态动词should的用法
1.Should为情态动词,意为“应该;应当”,否定式为shouldn’t,其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。 You should drink hot water with honey.你应该喝加有蜂蜜的开水。
He should put his head back他应该把头后仰。
◆We should try our best to help him.我们应当尽力去帮助他。
◆ You shouldn‘t watch TV.你不应该看电视。
2.Should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句,表示征询意见。 Should I put some medicine on it?我应当给它敷上药吗? Should we tell her about it?我们应该告诉她这件事吗?
【拓展】在英语中,表示建议的说法有很多,而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有:
①Would you like (to do) sth.?你想要/愿意(做)某事吗?
◆Would you like to play basketball with me?你想要和我一起打篮球吗?
②Shall I/we do sth ?我/我们做„„好吗?
◆ Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow?明天我们去动物园,好吗?
③Why not do sth ?为什么不„„呢?
◆ Why not join us?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢?
④How/What about doing sth ?做某事怎么样? How about going swimming?去游泳怎么样?
⑤Let’s do sth让我们做„„吧。 Let’s go home.咱们回家吧。
⑥You’d better (not) do sth你最好(不)要做某事。
◆ You’d better not go there alone.你最好不要一个人去那儿。
知识能力提升
一、1、(1分)—I'm sorry I ____ my exercise book at home this morning.
—It doesn't matter. Don't forget ____ it here this afternoon.
A.left; to take B.forgot; bringing C.left; to bring D.forgot; to bring
2、(1分)— How is your grandma?
— She's fine. She used to ____ TV at home after dinner. But now she is used to ____ for a walk.
A.watch; go B.watching; go C.watching; going D.watch; going
3.(1分)—Let's go for a swim on Saturday, Jack.
—Oh, ____ I have to work on a science report.
A.what a pity! B.with pleasure. C.go ahead. D.how come?
4.(1分)
—____. Where there is a will, there is a way.
—Thanks, Mr. Li. I'll try my best to improve my English.
A.Best wishes B.Never give up C.Have a good trip D.What a pity
5.(1分)If we just think about ____, the boat of friendship will be overturned anytime.
A.myself B.himself C.yourself D.ourselves
6.(1分)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a ____.
A.cough B.toothache C.cold D.fever
7.(1分)You ____ drive your car so fast. It's very dangerous.
A.wouldn't B.shouldn't C.couldn't D.mightn't
8.(1分)She finished ____ the novel and returned it to me in time.
A.read B.to read C.reading D.reads
9.(1分)She had a ____, so she went to see the dentist.
A.headache B.stomachache C.toothache D.fever
10.(1分)—You don't look well. ____?
—I have a sore back.
A.How are you B.What's the matter C.Can I help you D.Who is speaking
11.(1分)—Excuse me, I ____ find my wallet.
一You could ask the policeman for help.
A.can't B.needn't C.shouldn't D.mustn't
12.(1分)—____
—I want to buy a book for my brother.
A.What do you want to buy? B.Can I help you?
C.What's wrong with you? D.Glad to meet you.
13.(1分)—What's your problem?
—____.
A.You're welcome B.Sounds great
C.Thanks for telling me D.I can't sleep well at night.
14.(1分)My cousin has difficulty ____ English newspapers.
A.read B.reads C.reading D.to read
15.(1分)I haven't decided when ____ a holiday yet.
A.took B.taking C.to take D.take
16.(1分)The disabled man has trouble ____ common things like carrying things.
A.do B.to do C.does D.doing
17.(1分)He has a sweet ____ and often spends money on chocolates and candies.
A.mouth B.tooth C.stomach D.neck
18.(1分)She was not ____, but she is ____ to go to school.
A.feel well; well enough B.feeling well; well enough
C.feel good; good enough D.feeling good; good enough
19.(1分)—Which should we start with, Water World or Space World?
—Either is OK, it makes no ____ to me.
A.mistake B.promise C.difference D.decision
20.(1分)—What's the matter with Tim?
—____.
A.He is writing letters B.He has a bad cold
C.He has long curly hair D.He should lie down and rest
二、填空题(30分)
1.(5分)根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。
(1)起初,他不喜欢与别人交流。
, he didn't like to communicate with others.
(2)事故发生时,我们正在谈话。
We the accident happened.
(3)Nobody likes (洗餐具).
(4)安解不出这道数学题。
Ann can't the math problem.
(5)他不得不在家照顾他爷爷。
He has to his grandfather at home.
2.(5分)根据所给中文意思完成下列各句。
(1)Tom 早饭喜欢吃鸡蛋。
Tom likes eggs .
(2)——他怎么了?
——他胃痛。
—What's with him?
—He has a .
(3)瓶子里装满了水。
The bottles are water.
(4)你的鞋子和连衣裙很配。
Your shoes with your dress.
(5)吃上这种药,还有每天多喝水。
this and drink more water every day.
3.(5分)根据所给汉语意思,完成下列各句,每空限填一词
(1)有些人习惯午饭后喝茶。
Some people tea after lunch.
(2)成龙作为一名演员而出名。
Jackie Chan an .
(3)他花了三年时间来建造这所房子。
It three years the house.
(4)我期盼着不久就能收到你的来信。
I am to you soon.
(5)在老师的帮助下,我能够用英语和外国人交流了。
the teacher's , I am communicate with foreigners in English.
知识能力提升答案与解析
1. 【答案】C
【解析】根据关键词I'm sorry,可知是把作业本忘在家里了,leave把某物忘在某地;forget to do sth忘记做某事;bring带来;take带走;故选C。
2. 【答案】D
【解析】used to do sth 表示过去常常做某事,be used to doing sth 表示习惯于做某事。根据句意:她过去常常饭后在家看电视,但是现在她习惯于散步。故选D。
3. 【答案】A
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——杰克,周六咱们去游泳吧。——哦,太遗憾了!我不得不赶一份科学报告。
根据下文可知杰克有事情要做,故可推知他不能去游泳,因此他感到遗憾,故选A。
4. 【答案】B
【解析】根据Where there is a will, there is a way可知,此句含义为有志者事竟成,可推测是李先生对对方的鼓励,劝其不要放弃;又知Best wishes意为最美好的祝愿,用于对对方的祝福;Never give up意为不要放弃;Have a good trip意为旅途愉快;What a pity意为真可惜,真可怜。所以此处应用Never give up,故选B。
5. 【答案】D
【解析】考查反身代词。句意:如果我们只考虑我们自己,友谊的小船随时会翻。
6. 【答案】D
【解析】have a fever“发烧”。
7. 【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。 you should do sth表示建议做某事。句意:你不应该把车开那么快。太危险了。故选B。
8. 【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:她读完小说,及时还给我了。
finish doing sth. 完成做某事,是固定搭配。故选C。
9. 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意:她牙疼,所以去看牙医了。
headache 头疼;stomachache 胃痛;toothache 牙痛;fever 发烧;根据题干中的 dentist 可知 toothache 符合语境。故选C。
10. 【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——你看起来不好。怎么了?——我后背痛。
How are you 你好吗;What's the matter 怎么了;Can I help you 我能帮助你吗;Who is speaking 谁正在说话。结合回答“我后背痛”可知是问怎么了。故选B。
11. 【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意:——对不起,我找不到我的钱包了。——你可以向警察求助。
根据答语中的 ask the policeman for help 可知此处指钱包不见了,用 can't 符合语境。故选A。
12. 【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——你想买什么?——我想为我的弟弟买一本书。
What do you want to buy 你想买什么;Can I help you 一般在商店里售货员问顾客的用语;What's wrong with you 你怎么了;Glad to meet you. 很高兴见到你。根据题意,问句应该是售货员问顾客买什么东西,此时的交际用语为 Can I help you?/What can I do for you? /Is there anything I can do for you? 故选B。
13. 【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——你有什么问题?——我晚上睡不好。
You're welcome 欢迎你;Sounds great 听起来不错;Thanks for telling me 谢谢你告诉我;I can't sleep well at night 我晚上不能睡好。根据语境,可知选D。
14. 【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:我的表兄看懂报纸有困难。
have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难,是固定搭配。故选C。
15. 【答案】C
【解析】考查疑问词+不定式结构。句意:我还没决定好什么时候去度假。
分析句子结构可知 decided 后面是“疑问词+不定式”作 decide 的宾语。故选C。
16. 【答案】D
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:残疾人做些像搬东西这样的普通事情都有困难。
have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦,是固定搭配。故选D。
17. 【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意:他喜欢吃甜食,常花钱买巧克力和糕点吃。
mouth 嘴巴;tooth 牙齿;stomach 肚子;neck 脖子。根据 often spends money on chocolates and candies 可知他喜欢吃甜食;have a sweet tooth 为固定说法,爱吃甜食。故选B。
18. 【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析和副词的基本用法。句意:她身体不舒服,但去上学还过得去。
根据 She was not 这里含有 be 动词,后面不能直接跟动词原形,排除AC,这里表示身体好一般用 well,另外注意 enough 修饰形容词或副词时要后置。故选B。
19. 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意:——我们应该从哪里开始,水上世界还是太空世界?——哪个都可以。对我来说没有区别。
mistake 错误;promise 诺言;difference 区别,make no difference 没有区别;decision 决定;根据句意可知选C。
20. 【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——Tim 怎么了?——他患了重感冒。
根据上文提问 What's the matter with Tim?(Tim 怎么了?)可知下文回答 He has a bad cold. 故选B。
二、1. 【答案】(1)At first
(2)were talking while
(3)doing the dishes
(4)work out
(5)take care of
【解析】1. 起初 at first,位于句首大写首字母。故填 At first。
2. 分析句意可知空格处表示过去正在进行的动作,用过去进行时。故填 were talking while。
3. 洗餐具 do the dishes;like to do sth 喜欢做某事,短暂性动作;like doing sth 喜欢做某事,习惯性动作;根据语境可知此处应用动名词。故填 doing the dishes。
4. 解答出 work out。
5. have to 不得不,后加动词原形;照顾 take care of。故填 take care of
2. 【答案】(1)for breakfast
(2)wrong stomachache
(3)full of
(4)go well
(5)Take medicine
【解析】1. like sth. for+三餐:三餐喜欢吃……。breakfast 早餐。故填 for breakfast。
2. What's wrong with sb. 某人怎么啦?have a stomachache 胃痛。故填 wrong,stomachache。
3. be full of 充满,装满。故填 full of。
4. go well with sth. 与某物很配,因为句子的主语是复数形式,所以用 go,故填 go well。
5. take medicine 吃药。这里是祈使句,所以以动词原形开头。故填 Take medicine。
3. 【答案】(1)are used to drinking
(2)is famous as actor
(3)took him to build
(4)looking forward hearing from
(5)With help able to
【解析】1. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事,因为主语 Some people 是复数,故be动词用are;drink tea 喝茶。
2. be famous as 因……而著名,actor 演员,因为主语 Jackie Chan 是单数,故be动词用is。
3. it takes sb. time to do sth. 花费某人时间做某事,因为房子已经建好,故时态为一般过去时;build 建造。
4. look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事,hear... from 收到……的来信,be doing sth. 正在做某事。
5. With sb.'s help 在某人的帮助下,be able to 能够做某事。
第一讲 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 拔尖版
单元目标总览:
单元话题
Health and first aid
重点单词
1.问题;事情matter 2.出什么事了?What’s the matter?
3.疼痛的;酸痛的sore 4.感冒have a cold
5.胃痛,腹痛stomachache 6.胃痛have a stomachache
7.脚;足foot 8.颈;脖子neck
9.胃;腹部stomach 10.咽喉;喉咙throat
11.发烧fever 12.躺,平躺lie
13.躺下lie down 14.放松;休息rest
15.咳嗽cough 16.X射线;X光X-ray
17.牙痛toothache 18.量体温take one’s temperature
19.头痛headache 20.发烧have a fever
21.间歇;休息break 22.休息take breaks (take a break)
23.(使)疼痛;受伤hurt 24.乘客;旅客passenger
25.离开(某处);不工作; off 26.下车get off
27. 出乎......意料to one’s surprise 28.向;朝onto
29.问题;苦恼trouble 30.击;打hit
31.立即;马上right away 32.陷入;参与get into
33. 她自己herself 34.绷带;用绷带包扎bandage
35.生病的;有病的sick 36.膝;膝盖knee
37.鼻出血nosebleed 38.呼吸breathe
39.晒伤的sunburned 40. 我们自己ourselves
41.登山者;攀登者climber 42.习惯于......;适应于......be used to
43.危险;风险;冒险 risk 44.冒险take risks
45.(交通)事故; accident 46.情况;状况situation
47.千克;公斤kilo 48.岩石tock
49.用尽;耗尽run out (of) 50.刀knife
51.切除cut off 52.血blood
53.意思是;打算;意欲mean 54.离开;从......出来gt out of
55.重要性;重要importance 56.决定;抉择decision
57.限制;约束;管理control 58.掌管;管理bi in control of
59.勇气;意志spirit 60.死;死亡death
61.放弃give up 62.护士nurse
常用短语
1.have a fever 发烧 2.have a cough 咳嗽
3.have a toothache 牙疼 4.talk too much 说得太多
5.drink enough water 喝足够的水 6.have a cold 受凉;感冒
7.have a stomachache 胃疼 8.have a sore back 背疼
9.have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. take risks 冒险
11.hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶 12.see a dentist 看牙医
13.get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14.take one’s temperature 量体温
15.put some medicine on sth.在...敷药 16. give up 放弃
17. sound like 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末
19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生
21. go along 沿着……走 22. on the side of the road在马路边
23. shout for help 大声呼救 24. without thinking twice没有多想
25. get off 下车 26. have a heart problem 有心脏病
27. to one’ s surprise 另某人惊讶的是 28. thanks to 多亏了 ;由于
29. in time 及时 30. make a decision 做出决定
31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 32. right away 立刻;马上
33. because of 由于 34. get out of 离开;从……出来
35. keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事 36. put a bandage on sth.用绷带包扎
37. fall down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心
39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖
41. put her head back把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing呼吸困难
43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事
45. run out (of) 用完;用尽 46. so that 以便
47. so...that... 如此……以至于...… 48. be in control of 掌管;管理
49. in a difficult situation 在闲境中
重点句型
1. What's the matter with you?= What'the trouble with you?
= What's wrong with you? 你怎么了?
2. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢?
3.Should I take my temperature? 我应该量一下体温吗?
4.You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。
5. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢?
6. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。
7. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. 她说这个人有心脏病应该去医院。
核心语法
(1)情态动词should的用法(2)反身代词的用法
Section A 考点知识梳理
1. What’t the matter ? 怎么了 ?
matter此处为可数名词,意为“毛病;麻烦”,通常用于句型 What’s the matter with sb. ?中。该问句常用来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦 。
◆—What’s the matter with him ? 他怎么了 ?
—He has a headache . 他头痛 。
拓展:①matter还可作为不及物动词,意为“要紧,有关系”,主要用于否定句,疑问句或者条件句中。
◆It doesn’t matter . 没有关系 。
◆Does it matter if I’m a bit late ? 我晚一会到有关系吗 ?
②.no matter 与 who , what , where 等连用, 相当于 whoever , whatever ,wherever 等,可引导让步状语从句。
◆ Don’t open the door , no matter who comes . 不管谁来都别开口。
2. I have stomachache . 我胃痛 。
Stomachache为可数名词,意为“胃痛;腹痛”
◆Mary didn’t come to school yesterday because she had a stomachache.
拓展:
在英语中,一部分表示身体部位的名词加上名词ache(疼痛)后,可以构成合成名词。如 headache头痛,toothache牙痛,stomachache胃痛,backache背痛,earache耳朵痛。
3. She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water . 她昨天说话太多,并且没有喝足够的水。
(1)此处too much 相当于一个副词,修饰动词talked ,放在后面作状语,意为“太多”。
◆ She worried too much .她非常担心。
◆Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃的太多对身体健康无益。
(2)此处enough为形容词,意为“足够的”。修饰名词时,常放在名词前,且位置后置。
◆ It is good enough gor me .它对我来说足够好了。
◆Is the water warm enough for you ?这水对你来说温度合适吗?
Enough还可以构成句型搭配:be + adj.+enough+to do “足够.....做某事”
◆Though he has grown up , he isn’t brave enough to go out alone at night.
4. Drink some hot tea with honey . 喝些加有蜂蜜的热茶 。
with为介词,在此处意为“加上;具有;带有”,表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质,其反义词为without。
◆Would you like some tea with sugar ?你需要加糖的茶吗?
◆China is a country with a long history .中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。
◆No man could live without water .没有水人类无法生存。
拓展:
①with意为“和....在一起”
◆Mr.Black is talking with a friend .布莱克正在和一个朋友讲话。
②with 意为“用(工具、手段等)”
◆You can cut it with a knife .你可以用小刀切。
③with 表示方式、情况或者条件 。
◆She likes to sleep with the light on .她喜欢开着灯睡觉。
5. You need to take breaks away from the computer .你需要离开电脑休息几天 。
(1) need 在此处为实意动词,意为“需要”,后面可接名词,代词,动名词及带有to 的不定式作宾语。
◆We need to think twice about it .我们需要在考虑一下。
◆She needs your help .我们需要你的帮助。
拓展:
Need作情态动词,意为“需要,必需”。无人称和数的变化,否定式为needn’t,后面一般接动词原形。
—Need I finish the work today ?我今天需要完成这些工作吗?
—Yes, you must . / No ,you needn’t .是的,你必须完成。/不,不需要
(2) break 此处用作可数名词,意为“(课间的)休息”。
◆ He sat under the big tree to take a break.他站在大树底下休息。
◆There is a 10-minute break between classes .课间有十分钟休息。
拓展:
①break作不及物动词,意为“碎;破”。其过去式为broke,过去分词为broken 。
◆Glasses breaks easily .玻璃很容易打碎。
②break 作及物动词,意为“弄碎,弄破”。
◆He broke his right leg last month .上个月他弄伤了他的右腿。
③break 作及物动词,意为“不遵守(法律,规则等)”。
◆The teacher is talking to the student who broke the rules .老师正在问学生谁违反了纪律。
6. I think you should lie down and rest .我认为你应该躺下休息 。
(1)lie (lay , lain , lying) 此处为不及物动词,意为“躺;卧”
◆Don’t lie in bed all morning .不要一早上都躺在床上。
◆He found a dog lying at the door .他发现一只狗躺在门边。
拓展:
①lie作为不及物动词,意为“撒谎,说谎”,过去式和过去分词均为lied,现在分词为lying。
◆You are lying to me .你对我撒谎
②lie 作可数名词,意为“谎言,假话”
◆ I know he told a lie just now .我知道他刚刚说了谎话。
◆I believe that it is a white lie .我相信那是一个善意的谎言。
③lay 动词,意为“产卵,下蛋”,过去式和过去分词均为laid .
◆The hens are not laying well at the moment .母鸡现在没有在产蛋。
(2) rest 常作可数名词,意为“休息”
◆You must take a tes from your work
7. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow , then go to a doctor .如果明天你的头和脖子还痛的话,就去看医生。
(1) 此处连词if 引导条件状语从句,意为“如果,假如”。
◆If she arrives in New York , I’ll telephone you .
(2) go to a doctor 为固定短语,意为“看医生”,相当于 go to see a doctor .
◆Bill went to a doctor yesterday .比尔昨天去看了医生。
◆Don’t take any medicine before going to a doctor .看医生之前不要吃药。
8. He got off and asked the woman what happened .他下了车,问那个妇女发生了什么事 。
(1)get off 为“动词+副词”结构的短语,人称代词作宾语时,应放在动词与副词之间,此处意为“下车”。
辨析:
① get off 意为“下(汽车、火车、飞机等)”
◆The first passenger to get off the bus was a woman .第一位下车的乘客是一位女士。
②get on 意为“登上(汽车、火车、飞机等)”,后面常跟较大的交通工具,反义词为get off
◆When I got on the bus ,I saw my teacher sitting there .当我上了公交车,我发现我的老师站在那里。
③get into 意为“进入(小汽车、出租车、电梯等)” ,后面常跟较小的◆He got into a taxi and left .他进了一辆出租车离开了。
④get out of 意为“从(小汽车、出租车、直升飞机等)下来”
◆She got out of the car and wen into the hall .他从汽车上下来进了大厅。
(2) happen 为及物动词,意为“发生”
①当表示“某人或者某物发生某事”时,某人或者某物必须放在介词to后面,用句型sth. Happens to sb./sth.来表达
◆What has happened to Judy ?Judy发生了什么事情1、
②当用作“碰巧”时,常用句型 sb. Happens to do sth.和 It happens + that 从句
◆She happened to meet her friend in the bookstore .在书店她碰巧遇到她的朋友。
◆It happened that I had no money with me .碰巧的是我没有带钱。
9、 He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.他希望大部分这货所有的乘客下车等下一班车。
Expect动词,意为“期待,预料”;主要用法:
(1) expect+名词/代词
◆I’m expecting a telephone call from her.我正在等她的电话。
(2) expect to do sth
◆She expect to go there next week.她期望下周去哪里。
(3) expect sb to do sth
◆He expected her to go with him他期望她同他一起去。
(4) expect+that从句
◆I expect that he’ll come back tomorrow.我期望他明天会回来。
10、Mr.Wang knew he had to act quickly . 王先生知道他必须快点行动。
have to 不得不 ,后面接动词原形
辨析:have to 和 must
①have to 强调客观上的需要 ;must 强调主观上的必要性。
◆ I have to tidy up the room .(客观需要)我必须打扫一下房间。
◆ I must tidy up the room . (主观想法)我必须打扫一下房间。
②have to 有人称,数和时态变化,可用于一般现在时,一般过去时或一般将来时等;
must 无人称,数,时态变化,主要用于一般现在时。
◆Does he have to stay here ?他必须待在这里吗?
◆Must she finish her homework first ?她必须先完成作业吗?
③它们的否定形式不同。 don’t have to 表示“不必要,不需要”
must’t 表示“禁止,不允许,不应该”
◆You don’t have to help him .你不需要去帮助她。
◆You mustn’t help him 你不应该帮助她。
11、But to his surprise ,they all agreed to go with him . 但出乎他的意料,他们都同意和他一起去。
(1) to one’s surprise 为固定结构,意为“使某人惊讶的是...”类似结构还有 to one’t joy 使人开心的是 ; to one’s disappointment 令人失望的是 ; to one’s satisfaction 使某人满意的是
◆To his surprise , she won the first prize .出人意料的是,她获奖了。
(2) agree 为及物动词。后面可跟名词,代词,动词不定式或者宾语从句。
辨析:
①agree to 后面接计划或者建议 。 I agree to your plan .我同意你的计划。
②agree on 后面接日期或者条款。 They agreed on these terms .他们同意这些条款。
③agree with 后面接人或者意见。 I agree with you .我同意你的意见。
12、 Thanks to Mr.Wang and the passengers,the man was saved by the doctors in time.多亏了王先生和乘客们,医生及时挽救了老人的生命。
(1) thanks to意为“由于,多亏”
◆Thanks to your help.we finished the task on time.多亏了你们的帮助,我们才能按时完成了任务。
辨析:thanks to和thanks for
Thanks to
多亏,由于,to是介词,其后接名词、代词、动名词形式
Thanks for
因......而感谢,for后接感谢的原因,常接名词、动名词形式
◆Thanks to you ,I am not lost.多亏了你我才没有迷路。
◆Thanks for sending me such a nice present.谢谢你寄给我这么好的一个礼物。
(2) in time意为“及时,适时”
◆If you hurry,you’ll be in time for your flight.如果你快点。还能赶上你那趟航班。
辨析:in time和on time
in time
及时;表示动作在规定的时间内或提前完成
on time
准时,正点;强调不早不晚。
◆We were just in time for the bus.我们正好赶上那班公交车。
◆The train came into the station on time.火车准时到达。
13、The old man got to the hospital in time .那位老人及时到达了医院。
get to 意为“到达”。此处get为补给物动词,当后面接地点名词时,要加上介词to .
辨析:
①get 不及物动词,后面可接地点名词作宾语要加介词to.要是接地点副词home, here 和 there 不用to .
◆I get home at 7:00 P.m. every day .每天下午我7点到家。
◆What time shall we get to Beijing ?我们什么时间到达北京?
②arrive 不及物动词,可直接跟地点副词;加上介词at/in后,才能接地点名词。(大地点用in;小地点用at)
③reach 及物动词,其后可接跟地点名词,也可跟地点副词。
◆I reached Beijing the day before yesterday .我前天到达北京。
◆We reached here on foot .我们步行到这。
14、they do not want to get into trouble.他们不想惹麻烦。
get into trouble=be in trouble“造成麻烦”,其中trouble是不可数名词。
◆Let’s help the people who are in trouble.让我们来帮助那些陷入麻烦的人吧。
15、 Did you fall down?你摔倒了吗?
辨析:fall down和fall off
fall down
意为“倒下”,强调的是“滑倒,倒下”
fall off
意为“跌落”,强调的是“从某处跌落;从某处掉下来”,相当于fall down from
◆It’s easy to fall down on the snowy road.在有积雪的路面上很容易滑倒。
◆The girl fell off the bike.女孩从自行车上摔了下来。
SectionB 考点知识梳理
1. Put on a clean T-shirt ..穿上意见干净的T恤衫。
put on 为“动词+副词”短语,意为“穿上;戴上”。代词作其宾语时,须放在put on 的中间。
◆He put on a coat and went out .
辨析:
①put on “穿衣”表动作
②wear “穿衣”及物动词,表状态
③dress “给....传衣服”及物动词,宾语只能为人。
④(be)in “穿着”后面接表衣服的名词或表示颜色的形容词,表状态。be in 同 be dressed in
2. Told him to rest .
Tell为及物动词,tell sb. (not) to do sth.意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事”。
◆He told me to write a report .他告诉我写一篇报道。
◆The police told the children not to play in the street .警察告诉孩子们不要再大街上玩。
3. Have problem breathing .呼吸困难。
(1) have problems (in)doing sth.为固定短语,意为“做某事有问题或困难”,同意短语为
have trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth.
◆He had problems (in) learning English grammar .他学习英语语法有困难。
◆ He has no problem (in) singing the song .他唱这首歌没难度。
4. Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing .阿伦罗尔斯顿是一个对爬山很感兴趣的美国人。
(1)此处who is .....为定语从句,修饰名词man ,who 为关系代词。当被修饰词为人时,常用关系代词who或者that引导定语从句。
◆Do you know the girls who / that are dancing ?你知道那个跳舞的女孩是谁吗?
◆The man that / who you are waiting for won’t come .你等的那个男孩不会来
(2) be interested in 为固定短语,意为“对....感兴趣”,相当于take interest in .
Interesting “引起兴趣的,有趣的”。作表语或定语,修饰物。
Interested “感兴趣的”只作表语,主语为人。
一言辨析:I’m interested in the interesting things .我对那些有趣的事物感兴趣。
5. As a mountain climber ,Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者,阿伦习惯于冒险。
(1)此处as为介词,意为“作为”。
◆ He works in the hotel as a cook .他在一家宾馆做厨师。
(2) 此处 be used to 意为“习惯于.....; 适应于.....”,后面接名词、代词或动名词。
◆He is used to hard work .他一直努力工作。
◆She is used to getting up early .他习惯于早起
(3) take risks 意为“冒险”,相当于 take a risk 。
◆You can’t get rich without taking risks .不冒险你不会富裕的。
6. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents .
有许多次阿伦因为(意外)事故几乎失去生命。
(1)此处time 为可数名词,意为“次数”。
◆How many times have you been to Paris ?你去过巴黎几次?
(2) almost 副词,意为“几乎,差不多”。
◆He has almost finished his work .他差不多完成了工作。
(3) 辨析 because of 和 because
①because of “因为”,介词短语,后面接名词或者代词。
◆I didn’t go because of the rain .因为下雨我不能走了。
②because “因为”,连词,引导原因状语从句。
◆He didn’t come to school because he was ill .他不能来学校了因为他生病了。
7. He was not ready to die that day . 他不愿那天死去。
(1) ready 为形容词,意为“准备好的,乐意的,愿意的”,常作表语。
◆Lunch is ready .午饭准备好了。
拓展:
①be ready to do sth. “准备好了做某事”,主要强调已经准备好了要做某事,表示即将去做。
◆We are ready to answer the questions .我们准备了回答这些问题。
◆She is always ready to help others .她总是准备好帮助别人。
② be ready for “为......准备好”
◆He was ready for the test .他为考试做准备。
(2) die (died , died , dying ) 为不及物动词,意为“死,死亡”
◆His parents died long ago .他的父母去世很长时间了
◆The man is dying . 那个人就要死了。
拓展:
die 的形容词形式为 dead , 名词形式为death 。
◆A dead person can’t speak .死人是不会说话的。
8. So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm . 因此他用刀子切除了他的一半右臂。
(1) use sth. to do sth. “用某物做某事”
◆I use my pen to write a letter .我用钢笔写信。
◆I use a knife to cut apples . = I use a knife for cutting apples .我用刀子切纸。
(2) cut off 为固定短语,意为“切除,切断”。
◆When was the telephone cut off ?电话什么时间中断的?
拓展:
常见的与cut有关的短语:
cut down 砍到,减少 cut up 切碎 cut in 插入 插嘴
9. Then , with his left arm , he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood .
然后,他用左臂给自己打上绷带以至于他不会失去太多的血。
(1) 此处with意为“用(工具或器具等)”。
◆You can cut it with a knife .你可以用小刀切。
辨析:with 与 in
with : 介词,“ 用(工具)”
◆They eat with forks .他们用叉吃饭。
In : 介词,“用(语言,声音,材料等)”。
◆She can give a talk in English .她用英语做了一个演讲。
(2) 此处so that 引导结果状语从句 ,意为“以至于”。
◆She got up late so that she missed the early bus .她起床晚了以至于错过了早班车。
10. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience .
他对登山如此快以至于即使这次经历之后他还继续爬山。
(1)keep on doing sth.意为“继续做某事”。
◆The students are keeping on reading .同学们一直在读书。
拓展:
①keep doing sth.“继续不停地做某事”
◆Keep going until you reach the end of road .一直走直到走到路的尽头。
②keep sb. Doing sth.“使某人一直做某事”
◆Do’t keep your mother waiting.不要让你的妈妈等着。
③keep sb, from doing sth. “阻止某人做某事”
◆You shouldn’t keep him from watching cartoons .你要组织他看动画片。
(2) experience 此处用作可数名词 “经历”。
11. Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn’t mind taking risks .
阿伦喜爱爬山,不介意冒险。
此处mind 为动词,意为“介意;在乎”。后面可接动名词作宾语,但不能跟动词不定式。
◆I don’t mind at all .我一点也不介意。
◆Would you mind parking your car there ?你介意把车停在这里吗?
单元语法重点:一、 询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法
(1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时,常用以下几种结构来表达:
What’s the matter (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了?
What’s wrong (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了?
What’s the trouble (with sb.)?(某人)出什么事了?
What happened (to sb.)?(某人)发生了什么事?
Are you OK?你没事吧?
Is there anything wrong with sb.?某人有什么事吗?
(2) 要表达身体疼痛或不舒服,可用以下结构:
①某人+have/has+病症.
◆The twins have colds.双胞胎感冒了。
某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.
◆She had a stomachache last night.她昨晚肚子痛。
③某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位. He has a sore throat.他喉咙痛。
④某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词. He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。
⑤某部位+hurt(s).
◆My head hurts badly.我头痛得厉害。
⑥某人+have/has+a pain+in one’s+身体部位, I have a pain in my chest.我胸口痛。
⑦(There is)something wrong with one’s+身体部位.
◆There is something wrong with my right eye..我的右眼有毛病。
⑧其他表达方式
She has a heart trouble.她有心脏病。
He got hit on the head他头部受到了撞击。
She cut her finger.她割破手指了。
二 情态动词should的用法
1.Should为情态动词,意为“应该;应当”,否定式为shouldn’t,其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。 You should drink hot water with honey.你应该喝加有蜂蜜的开水。
He should put his head back他应该把头后仰。
◆We should try our best to help him.我们应当尽力去帮助他。
◆ You shouldn‘t watch TV.你不应该看电视。
2.Should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句,表示征询意见。 Should I put some medicine on it?我应当给它敷上药吗? Should we tell her about it?我们应该告诉她这件事吗?
【拓展】在英语中,表示建议的说法有很多,而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有:
①Would you like (to do) sth.?你想要/愿意(做)某事吗?
◆Would you like to play basketball with me?你想要和我一起打篮球吗?
②Shall I/we do sth ?我/我们做„„好吗?
◆ Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow?明天我们去动物园,好吗?
③Why not do sth ?为什么不„„呢?
◆ Why not join us?为什么不加入到我们当中来呢?
④How/What about doing sth ?做某事怎么样? How about going swimming?去游泳怎么样?
⑤Let’s do sth让我们做„„吧。 Let’s go home.咱们回家吧。
⑥You’d better (not) do sth你最好(不)要做某事。
◆ You’d better not go there alone.你最好不要一个人去那儿。
知识能力提升
一、1、(1分)—I'm sorry I ____ my exercise book at home this morning.
—It doesn't matter. Don't forget ____ it here this afternoon.
A.left; to take B.forgot; bringing C.left; to bring D.forgot; to bring
2、(1分)— How is your grandma?
— She's fine. She used to ____ TV at home after dinner. But now she is used to ____ for a walk.
A.watch; go B.watching; go C.watching; going D.watch; going
3.(1分)—Let's go for a swim on Saturday, Jack.
—Oh, ____ I have to work on a science report.
A.what a pity! B.with pleasure. C.go ahead. D.how come?
4.(1分)
—____. Where there is a will, there is a way.
—Thanks, Mr. Li. I'll try my best to improve my English.
A.Best wishes B.Never give up C.Have a good trip D.What a pity
5.(1分)If we just think about ____, the boat of friendship will be overturned anytime.
A.myself B.himself C.yourself D.ourselves
6.(1分)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a ____.
A.cough B.toothache C.cold D.fever
7.(1分)You ____ drive your car so fast. It's very dangerous.
A.wouldn't B.shouldn't C.couldn't D.mightn't
8.(1分)She finished ____ the novel and returned it to me in time.
A.read B.to read C.reading D.reads
9.(1分)She had a ____, so she went to see the dentist.
A.headache B.stomachache C.toothache D.fever
10.(1分)—You don't look well. ____?
—I have a sore back.
A.How are you B.What's the matter C.Can I help you D.Who is speaking
11.(1分)—Excuse me, I ____ find my wallet.
一You could ask the policeman for help.
A.can't B.needn't C.shouldn't D.mustn't
12.(1分)—____
—I want to buy a book for my brother.
A.What do you want to buy? B.Can I help you?
C.What's wrong with you? D.Glad to meet you.
13.(1分)—What's your problem?
—____.
A.You're welcome B.Sounds great
C.Thanks for telling me D.I can't sleep well at night.
14.(1分)My cousin has difficulty ____ English newspapers.
A.read B.reads C.reading D.to read
15.(1分)I haven't decided when ____ a holiday yet.
A.took B.taking C.to take D.take
16.(1分)The disabled man has trouble ____ common things like carrying things.
A.do B.to do C.does D.doing
17.(1分)He has a sweet ____ and often spends money on chocolates and candies.
A.mouth B.tooth C.stomach D.neck
18.(1分)She was not ____, but she is ____ to go to school.
A.feel well; well enough B.feeling well; well enough
C.feel good; good enough D.feeling good; good enough
19.(1分)—Which should we start with, Water World or Space World?
—Either is OK, it makes no ____ to me.
A.mistake B.promise C.difference D.decision
20.(1分)—What's the matter with Tim?
—____.
A.He is writing letters B.He has a bad cold
C.He has long curly hair D.He should lie down and rest
二、填空题(30分)
1.(5分)根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。
(1)起初,他不喜欢与别人交流。
, he didn't like to communicate with others.
(2)事故发生时,我们正在谈话。
We the accident happened.
(3)Nobody likes (洗餐具).
(4)安解不出这道数学题。
Ann can't the math problem.
(5)他不得不在家照顾他爷爷。
He has to his grandfather at home.
2.(5分)根据所给中文意思完成下列各句。
(1)Tom 早饭喜欢吃鸡蛋。
Tom likes eggs .
(2)——他怎么了?
——他胃痛。
—What's with him?
—He has a .
(3)瓶子里装满了水。
The bottles are water.
(4)你的鞋子和连衣裙很配。
Your shoes with your dress.
(5)吃上这种药,还有每天多喝水。
this and drink more water every day.
3.(5分)根据所给汉语意思,完成下列各句,每空限填一词
(1)有些人习惯午饭后喝茶。
Some people tea after lunch.
(2)成龙作为一名演员而出名。
Jackie Chan an .
(3)他花了三年时间来建造这所房子。
It three years the house.
(4)我期盼着不久就能收到你的来信。
I am to you soon.
(5)在老师的帮助下,我能够用英语和外国人交流了。
the teacher's , I am communicate with foreigners in English.
知识能力提升答案与解析
1. 【答案】C
【解析】根据关键词I'm sorry,可知是把作业本忘在家里了,leave把某物忘在某地;forget to do sth忘记做某事;bring带来;take带走;故选C。
2. 【答案】D
【解析】used to do sth 表示过去常常做某事,be used to doing sth 表示习惯于做某事。根据句意:她过去常常饭后在家看电视,但是现在她习惯于散步。故选D。
3. 【答案】A
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——杰克,周六咱们去游泳吧。——哦,太遗憾了!我不得不赶一份科学报告。
根据下文可知杰克有事情要做,故可推知他不能去游泳,因此他感到遗憾,故选A。
4. 【答案】B
【解析】根据Where there is a will, there is a way可知,此句含义为有志者事竟成,可推测是李先生对对方的鼓励,劝其不要放弃;又知Best wishes意为最美好的祝愿,用于对对方的祝福;Never give up意为不要放弃;Have a good trip意为旅途愉快;What a pity意为真可惜,真可怜。所以此处应用Never give up,故选B。
5. 【答案】D
【解析】考查反身代词。句意:如果我们只考虑我们自己,友谊的小船随时会翻。
6. 【答案】D
【解析】have a fever“发烧”。
7. 【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。 you should do sth表示建议做某事。句意:你不应该把车开那么快。太危险了。故选B。
8. 【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:她读完小说,及时还给我了。
finish doing sth. 完成做某事,是固定搭配。故选C。
9. 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意:她牙疼,所以去看牙医了。
headache 头疼;stomachache 胃痛;toothache 牙痛;fever 发烧;根据题干中的 dentist 可知 toothache 符合语境。故选C。
10. 【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——你看起来不好。怎么了?——我后背痛。
How are you 你好吗;What's the matter 怎么了;Can I help you 我能帮助你吗;Who is speaking 谁正在说话。结合回答“我后背痛”可知是问怎么了。故选B。
11. 【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意:——对不起,我找不到我的钱包了。——你可以向警察求助。
根据答语中的 ask the policeman for help 可知此处指钱包不见了,用 can't 符合语境。故选A。
12. 【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——你想买什么?——我想为我的弟弟买一本书。
What do you want to buy 你想买什么;Can I help you 一般在商店里售货员问顾客的用语;What's wrong with you 你怎么了;Glad to meet you. 很高兴见到你。根据题意,问句应该是售货员问顾客买什么东西,此时的交际用语为 Can I help you?/What can I do for you? /Is there anything I can do for you? 故选B。
13. 【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——你有什么问题?——我晚上睡不好。
You're welcome 欢迎你;Sounds great 听起来不错;Thanks for telling me 谢谢你告诉我;I can't sleep well at night 我晚上不能睡好。根据语境,可知选D。
14. 【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:我的表兄看懂报纸有困难。
have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难,是固定搭配。故选C。
15. 【答案】C
【解析】考查疑问词+不定式结构。句意:我还没决定好什么时候去度假。
分析句子结构可知 decided 后面是“疑问词+不定式”作 decide 的宾语。故选C。
16. 【答案】D
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:残疾人做些像搬东西这样的普通事情都有困难。
have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦,是固定搭配。故选D。
17. 【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意:他喜欢吃甜食,常花钱买巧克力和糕点吃。
mouth 嘴巴;tooth 牙齿;stomach 肚子;neck 脖子。根据 often spends money on chocolates and candies 可知他喜欢吃甜食;have a sweet tooth 为固定说法,爱吃甜食。故选B。
18. 【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析和副词的基本用法。句意:她身体不舒服,但去上学还过得去。
根据 She was not 这里含有 be 动词,后面不能直接跟动词原形,排除AC,这里表示身体好一般用 well,另外注意 enough 修饰形容词或副词时要后置。故选B。
19. 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意:——我们应该从哪里开始,水上世界还是太空世界?——哪个都可以。对我来说没有区别。
mistake 错误;promise 诺言;difference 区别,make no difference 没有区别;decision 决定;根据句意可知选C。
20. 【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:——Tim 怎么了?——他患了重感冒。
根据上文提问 What's the matter with Tim?(Tim 怎么了?)可知下文回答 He has a bad cold. 故选B。
二、1. 【答案】(1)At first
(2)were talking while
(3)doing the dishes
(4)work out
(5)take care of
【解析】1. 起初 at first,位于句首大写首字母。故填 At first。
2. 分析句意可知空格处表示过去正在进行的动作,用过去进行时。故填 were talking while。
3. 洗餐具 do the dishes;like to do sth 喜欢做某事,短暂性动作;like doing sth 喜欢做某事,习惯性动作;根据语境可知此处应用动名词。故填 doing the dishes。
4. 解答出 work out。
5. have to 不得不,后加动词原形;照顾 take care of。故填 take care of
2. 【答案】(1)for breakfast
(2)wrong stomachache
(3)full of
(4)go well
(5)Take medicine
【解析】1. like sth. for+三餐:三餐喜欢吃……。breakfast 早餐。故填 for breakfast。
2. What's wrong with sb. 某人怎么啦?have a stomachache 胃痛。故填 wrong,stomachache。
3. be full of 充满,装满。故填 full of。
4. go well with sth. 与某物很配,因为句子的主语是复数形式,所以用 go,故填 go well。
5. take medicine 吃药。这里是祈使句,所以以动词原形开头。故填 Take medicine。
3. 【答案】(1)are used to drinking
(2)is famous as actor
(3)took him to build
(4)looking forward hearing from
(5)With help able to
【解析】1. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事,因为主语 Some people 是复数,故be动词用are;drink tea 喝茶。
2. be famous as 因……而著名,actor 演员,因为主语 Jackie Chan 是单数,故be动词用is。
3. it takes sb. time to do sth. 花费某人时间做某事,因为房子已经建好,故时态为一般过去时;build 建造。
4. look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事,hear... from 收到……的来信,be doing sth. 正在做某事。
5. With sb.'s help 在某人的帮助下,be able to 能够做某事。
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