上海黄浦区2020-2022年中考英语二模短文选词填空试题

上海黄浦区2020-2022年中考英语二模试题-04短文选词填空

一、短文选词填空

（2022·上海黄浦·统考二模）Complete the following passages with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格，每空格限填一词，每个单词或词组只能填一次）

While income worry is rather a common problem of the aged, loneliness is another problem that aged parents may ____1____. Of all the reasons that explain their loneliness, a long ____2____ between parents and their children is the major one. It is commonly known as “Empty Nest Syndrome ” (空巢综合症). In order to look for better chances ____3____ their countries, many young people have gone abroad. Their parents don’t know when they will return home. They spend countless lonely days and nights taking care of ____4____, in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay with them. It is common both in developed countries and in developing countries. Our society has not yet been well prepared for “ Empty Nest Syndrome ”.

What are people reading while travelling by train or bus? Perhaps a woman sitting near you is reading a love story. A man is reading a serious biography(自传) about a scientist. And there’s a student reading an English textbook. What do their ____5____ say about them? Do you judge them by what they are reading? I have got to tell you that your ____6____ of them are probably completely wrong. The woman reading the love story could be a lawyer. She just wants a light read to take her mind off work. The man reading the biography wants you to think that he is an intellectual(知识分子), but he is just ____7____. The student reading the textbook isn’t a student at all. She’s an English teacher. So next time you are on a train, look around and see what other people are reading, but don’t ____8____ to any conclusions.

（2022·上海黄浦·统考二模）

Is it OK to regift Christmas presents?When it comes to presents, some say it’s the ____9____ that matters. Others think it’s the thing, and when the thing is something that the receiver doesn’t want, the present is just a waste. There’s a lot of waste in the world, especially at Christmas, and it’s damaging the environment. Instead of ____10____ the problem, give the gift to someone who will love it. Books and toys can be given to a friend on their birthday or to a children’s charity,  and clothes to a homeless ____11____. An unwanted gift can become a treasured item. The person, who first received the present and felt ____12____, is now joyful because it will be used and has made another person happy. In any case, it is often much better to give than to receive.

（2022·上海黄浦·统考二模）

Giving gift is an ancient tradition that brings families and friends together in a generous, thoughtful ____13____. The right ____14____ to kindness is to be thankful, whether you want the thing or not. To pass a present on, as soon as the giver’s back is ____15____, is ungrateful and rude. What happens in six months if the giver asks to see the thing they considerately chose and gave you, or asks if you’re enjoying it? Regifting can land you in a web of lies as you say that your friend has borrowed it or you lost it. You might hurt the giver’s ____16____ badly. Besides, a thing is only a waste if a person doesn’t use it. So be imaginative, work out how to enjoy the gift and be thankful.

（2021·上海黄浦·统考二模）

Phone calls are no longer the everyday habit they once were. The development of digital technologies over the past twenty years means it’s now more ____17____ to “talk” by sending messages. You might not make frequent phone calls. As with anything, the less ____18____ you are with a certain task, the more likely you will have problems with it. Speaking on the telephone ____19____ more challenging than other forms of communication. Social media, email and texts give you time to ____20____ what you want to say. You have space to think about what people might really mean and what your answer is going to be.

Although the phone might not be your preferred or most ____21____ choice of communication, it’s still necessary to learn how to make a phone call. Having conversations on the phone can strengthen relationships. Hearing a friend’s voice can help you to feel more ____22____ than simply seeing their words appear on a screen. Sometimes the phone is the quickest way to get the ____23____ you need-when you start working, it could also be essential. However, it takes a little bit of ____24____ to feel a lot more confident.

（2020·上海黄浦·统考二模）

Do you how that animals have love for each other and their children just like us humans? Let me tell you some______25______ stories of great animal parents.Several years ago a heavy rain hit a town and made the river go up. When the rain stopped, people found that a dog swam to an island in the river twice a day for two weeks. Why did she do so? Her four children were there. The mother swam there every day to______26______her babies. This true story moved many people.

Another story is about chimpanzees（猩猩）. A scientist named Jane Goodall spent four years ______27______chimpanzees in Africa. She found that chimpanzees also_____28_____those that were hurt or got lost. “It is not only humans who have duties, animals also do.” she said.

Two birds in Chengdu also showed their parental（父母的）love. Their baby was hurt and fell on the street in the center of the city. Cars were driving past but the brave parents rushed down to the road and took the little bird away with their claws（爪子）.

（2020·上海黄浦·统考二模）

Water is the most important of all the things we eat and drink. Not many people understand this but it’s_____29_____true. The human body can go without food for a long time. We’ve got many examples for this. Yet two or three days without water can usually make people die. Man can’t live without water.Many people don’t understand how much water the human body needs to work_____30_____, and many people, especially young people, do not drink_____31_____, even in very hot weather. Our body has mostly water, about 65% to 75%. That is to say, about two thirds of our body is water. When we do sports, some of the water will get away from our body. If we don’t drink some water, we won’t have enough water. And if we don’t have enough water,  we’ll feel_____32_____and many of us will get ill. So you know how important water is to us.

参考答案：

1．E    2．A    3．C    4．B    5．C    6．A    7．E    8．D

【导语】第一篇文章主要讲述现在很多老年父母面临的一个问题——孤独；第二篇文章讲述了坐公共交通时，不能因为对方在读什么就判断他/她是一个什么样的人，这样得到结论很有可能是错误的。

1．句意：孤独是年老的父母面对的另一问题。空前的“may”是情态动词，后接动词原形；结合备选词，face作动词，表示“面临，面对”符合语境。故选E。

2．句意：在所有解释他们孤独的原因中，父母与孩子之间的距离是最主要的一个。根据空前的“long”和下文“many young people have gone abroad.”可知，父母与孩子之相隔的距离很长；结合备选词，distance表示“距离”符合语境。故选A。

3．句意：为了到国外寻找更好的机会，许多年轻人都出国了。根据“many young people have gone abroad”可知，许多人到国外去寻找更好的机会；结合备选词，outside表示“在外”符合语境。故选C。

4．句意：他们花了无数个孤独的日日夜夜照顾自己。根据“taking care of”可知，此处表示“照顾自己”；结合备选词，themselves表示“他们自己”符合语境。故选B。

5．句意：他们的选择说明了什么？根据前文“a woman…is reading a love story. A man is reading a serious biography… a student reading an English textbook”可知，不同的人乘坐火车或公交车时选择的阅读物不同，他们的选择说明了什么；结合备选词，choices表示“选择”符合语境。故选C。

6．句意：我不得不告诉你，你对他们的印象可能是完全错误的。根据前文“Do you judge them by what they are reading?”和下文“The woman reading the love story could be a lawyer. …”可知，此处指靠对方的阅读物来判断一个人是怎样的，这种判断得到的印象可能是错误的。结合备选词，impressions表示“印象”符合语境。故选A。

7．句意：读传记的人想让你认为他是一个知识分子，但他只是在炫耀自己。根据“but”可知，前后句是转折关系；结合备选词，showing off表示“炫耀，卖弄”符合语境，表示读传记的人未必是一个知识分子，他只是在卖弄自己罢了。故选E。

8．句意：因此，下次坐火车看到周围人在看什么时，不要着急下结论。根据“don’t”是助动词，后接动词原形；结合备选词，jump符合语境；jump to an conclusion“急忙得出结论”。故选D。

9．E    10．D    11．B    12．A

【导语】本文讲述收到不喜欢的礼物的人可以将礼物送给真正需要的人，让其他人开心，让它重新成为财宝。

9．句意：当说到礼物的时候，一些人说想法很重要。“say”后面是强调句，定冠词“the”后面填名词，根据“matters”可知是单数概念。根据“Others think it’s the thing, and when the thing is something that the receiver doesn’t want, the present is just a waste”可知，句子表达地是想法重要，用名词“thought”。故选E。

10．句意：送礼物给喜欢这个礼物的人，而不是增加麻烦。“instead of”后面接名词或动名词作宾语。根据“There’s a lot of waste”及 “damaging the environment”，可知句子表达如果礼物不想要的，会浪费，成为垃圾，污染环境，此处表达不增加麻烦，用短语“adding to”。故选D。

11．句意：书和玩具可以给在朋友生日的时候给他们，或者给孩子的慈善机构，衣服可以给无家可归者。根据“be given to a friend on their birthday or to a children’s charity, and clothes to a homeless”可知表达的是衣服可以给无家可归的人的庇护所，用名词“shelter”。故选B。

12．句意：第一次收到礼物并感到失望的人，现在会开心了，因为礼物被重新使用，让另一个人开心。根据“he thing is something that the receiver doesn’t want, the present is just a waste”及“An unwanted gift”可知此处用形容词作表语，形容词“disappointed”符合语境。故选A。

13．D    14．E    15．A    16．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了接受他人送礼的一些需注意事项。

13．句意：送礼是一项古老的传统，它以慷慨、周到的方式将家人和朋友聚集在一起。根据上文“Giving gift is an ancient tradition”可知，送礼是一种传统，以一种慷慨、周到的方式将家人和朋友聚集在一起。D选项“方式”符合句意，故选D。

14．句意：对好意的正确回应是感恩，无论你是否想要这个礼物。根据下文“whether you want the thing or not”可知，不管想不想要礼物，对待他人的好意的回应应该是感恩。E选项“回应”符合句意，故选E。

15．句意：送礼物的人一转身你就把礼物转赠了，是忘恩负义和粗鲁的。根据上文“To pass a present on”可知，此处指的是送礼物的人一转身你就把礼物转赠了。A选项“转身”符合句意，故选A。

16．句意：你可能会严重伤害送礼者的感情。根据上文“What happens in six months if the giver asks to see the thing they considerately chose and gave you, or asks if you’re enjoying it? Regifting can land you in a web of lies as you say that your friend has borrowed it or you lost it”可知，不好好对待他人送的礼物，会严重伤害送礼者的感情。C选项“感觉”符合句意，故选C。

17．C    18．B    19．E    20．A    21．E    22．D    23．A    24．C

【分析】文章大意：本文说的是电话交际的问题。文章介绍了电话交流的特点和需要的技巧。

17．句意：在过去的二十年里，数字技术的发展意味着通过发送信息来“交谈”变得更加普遍。根据“The development of digital technologies over the past twenty years means it’s now more … to “talk” by sending messages.”，结合备选词汇，可知过去二十年数字技术的发展意味着现在更常见的是通过发送消息来“交谈”。common“常见的、普遍的”，符合题意，故选C。

18．句意：就像任何事情一样，你对某项任务越不熟悉，你就越有可能遇到问题。根据下文“the more likely you will have problems with it.”结合“the less … you are with a certain task,”结合备选词汇，可知你对某项任务越不熟悉，你就越有可能出现问题。familiar“熟悉的”，符合题意，故选B。

19．句意：打电话似乎比其他交流方式更具挑战性。根据“Speaking on the telephone … more challenging than other forms of communication.”结合下文语境，可知电话交流似乎比其他形式的交流更具挑战性。seems是seem的第三人称单数，意思是“似乎、看上去”，符合题意，故选E。

20．句意：社交媒体、电子邮件和短信给了你时间考虑你想说什么。根据下文“You have space to think about what people might really mean and what your answer is going to be.”结合语境，可知社交媒体、电子邮件和短信给了你时间考虑你想说什么。consider“思考、考虑”，符合题意，故填A。

21．句意：尽管打电话可能不是你更加喜欢或最受欢迎的交流方式，但学会如何打电话仍然是必要的。根据“Although the phone might not be your preferred or most … choice of communication, it’s still necessary to learn how to make a phone call.”结合备选词汇，可知尽管打电话可能不是你更加喜欢或最受欢迎的交流方式，但学会如何打电话仍然是必要的。popular“受欢迎的”，符合题意，故选E。

22．句意：比起简单地在屏幕上看到朋友的话语，听到朋友的声音能让你更加感觉亲近。根据“Hearing a friend’s voice can help you to feel more … than simply seeing their words appear on a screen.”结合备选词汇，可知听到朋友的声音可能让你觉得比仅仅在屏幕上看到他们的留言更加亲近。connected“有联系的”，符合题意，故选D。

23．句意：有时，电话是获得你需要的信息的最快方式——当你开始工作时。根据“Sometimes the phone is the quickest way to get the … you need-when you start working,”结合备选词汇，可知有时电话是你需要获取信息的最快速的方式。information“信息”，符合题意，故选A。

24．句意：然而，这需要经过一点练习才能让人感觉更加自信。根据“However, it takes a little bit of … to feel a lot more confident.”结合语境及备选词汇，可知这需要经过一点练习才能让人感觉更加自信。practice是不可数名词，意思是“实践、练习”，符合题意，故选C。

25．D    26．E    27．C    28．A

【分析】短文大意：本文通过几则小事例表现了动物的母性：动物父母也很爱他们的孩子。

25．句意：让我告诉你一些关于伟大动物父母的感人故事。

stories故事，名词需用形容词修饰；根据后文“This true story moved many people这个真实的故事感动了很多人”，结合所给单词提示，可知“moving（感人的）”符合句意，故选D。

26．句意：母亲每天都游到那里去喂她的孩子。

空前的to是不定式符号，需用原形动词；根据句意：母亲喂养孩子，和所给单词提示，可知“feed喂养”符合句意，故选E。

27．句意：一位名叫珍·古道尔的科学家在非洲与黑猩猩生活了四年。

spend time doing花费时间做某事，固定结构；with sb.和某人一起，根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知“living with”符合句意，故选C。

28．句意：她发现黑猩猩也会照顾那些受伤或迷路的（同类）。

本句是宾语从句，从句缺谓语动词；根据句意结构和所给单词提示，可知“care for照料”符合句意，表示黑猩猩也像人类一样照顾彼此，故选A。

29．D    30．A    31．E    32．B

【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述水的重要性，人的身体如果没有足够的水分将会感觉疲惫，人会生病。

29．句意：不是很多人明白这一点，但是这是非常正确的。

形容词true前用副词修饰；根据“The human body can go without food for a long time”可知水很重要这一点是非常正确的，此处用副词quite true来强调。故选D。

30．句意：很多人不明白人的身体需要多少水才能正常运行，很多人，尤其是年轻人，即使是非常炎热的夏天，也不喝足够的水。

动词work后面用副词修饰，此处用work well表示喝足够的水让人的身体正常运行。故选A。

31．句意：很多人不明白人的身体需要多少水才能正常运行，很多人，尤其是年轻人，即使是非常炎热的夏天，也不喝足够的水。

根据drink可知此处指的是喝足够的水enough water，water前文已经提到，此处省略water,直接用enough。故选E。

32．句意：如果我们没有足够的水分，我们感觉疲惫的，很多人将会生病。

根据“don’t have enough water”以及“many of us   will get ill”可知此处表达没有足够的水分人会感觉疲惫会生病，此处用形容词tired作feel的表语。故选B。