专题17 9BU1-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析（江苏专用）
展开专题17 9BU1-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括
及易错题分析
单元话题 | Asia |
Reading | 重点词汇、词组和句型 |
Grammar | It的各种用法 |
一、重点词组、句型
1. tiring adj. 使人疲劳的，累人的 用来形容一件事，Climbing the steps is tiring.
tired adj. 疲倦的，困倦的 用来形容人的感觉，I am very tired.
2. step n. 台阶；梯级 climb the step
vi. 踏，踩，走
step-by-step 逐步的，逐渐的
3. chopsticks n. 复数名词 筷子 a pair of chopsticks
4. raising n. 升高 the raising of the flag
raise vt. 提升，增加，养育，筹集
raise money for charity
raise their hands
5. wonder n. 奇迹 one of the wonders of the world
vi. 想知道 I wonder whether you like her.
6. lie vi. 位于 Mountain Fuji lies in the west of Tokyo.
躺 lie lay lain She lay down on the bed.
说谎 lie lied lied You will never be happy if you lie.
n. 谎言 tell a lie
7. shape n. 形状，外形 in unusual shapes
out of shape 不成样，变样
vt. 塑造 ；体现 what do you think will shape your future?
8. hang vi. Vt. 垂下；悬挂 hang hung hung some hang down .
I hung the washing in the yard yesterday.
绞死 hang hanged hanged
The criminal was hanged.
9. point vi. 指，指向 point at sb/sth
n. 分数 points
10. eastern adj. 东部的，东方的 eastern China
east n. 东方 in the east of China
11. service n. 服务；工作 a high level of service
serve vt&vi. 服务；任职 we must serve the people heart.
12. Japanese adj. 日本的 it’s Japanese.
n. 日本人 some Japanese
13.Wow, the Great Wall is amazing ,isn’t it?
反义疑问句的用法：前肯后否是自然，前否后肯也常见；短句not如出现，必须缩写是习惯。还有一点要注意，短句主语代词填；回答反义疑问句，答案含义是依据，肯定事实用yes,否定事实要用no ;前后时态要一致，人称和数要相符。
14.We’d better keep moving.
had better do sth had better not do sth
keep doing sth 或keep on doing sth
keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
15.Wake me up on your way back.
on one’s/the way on one’s/the way to
与way 有关的其他短语：
in this way 用这种方式 in the way 挡道
on the way 在路上 by the way 顺便说一下
16.In the middle of the ancient city of Beijing is the Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City.
in the middle of 与in the centre of
in the middle of 指在。。。。。（时间、长度、过程等）的中间，可用于谈论时间，如：in the middle of the night 在半夜；也可用于指狭长之物，如：in the middle of the line 在那条线的中间。
in the centre of 则强调在中心，在中央
I live in the centre of the city. 我住在市中心。
17.The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live there.
used to do sth 过去做某事
be used to do sth 被用来做某事 ，相当于be used for doing sth
be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
18.It’s well worth a visit.
be worth 值得，其后常接名词或动名词
It can be worth the effort however. 然而这份努力可能是很值得的。
19.Another famous attraction is the Great Wall.
another 又一，再一，可用来修饰单数或复数名词
the other 另一个，另一部分，可用来特指两者中的另一个或者两部分当中的另一部分。
the others 其他的。。。。。。单独使用，特指整体中除去一部分后剩余的全部
other 另外的，其他的，用作定语，用来修饰单数或复数名词
others 其他的，单独使用，泛指其他人或其他事物
20.It runs for over 6,000 kilometres across northern China, with watchtowers every few hundred metres.
across表示横穿；穿过，着重指从物体表面的一边到另一边，也就是说从物体的表面穿过
through 意为穿过，指从空间的一头纵穿到另一头，也就是说从物体的内部空间穿过、穿越
21.Many visitors come and visit Guilin because of its fantastic landscape.
because of 介词短语，后接名词、名词性短语或代词，在句中作原因状语
because 连词，后接句子，构成原因状语从句
22.Something that fills you with surprise.
that 此处用作关系代词，代替先行词something ,在定语从句中作主语，此时不能用which 进行替换。
fill…with…… 用....充满
be filled with 被......充满 =be full of
to one’s surprise （n.）使某人惊讶的是
23.The lake is very big------it takes up three quarters of the area.
take up 占据（空间）；占用（时间）
three quarters 四分之三，表示分数时，分子使用基数词，分母使用序数词，分子大于1，分母应使用复数形式。
one third two fifths
24.There are many stone lions on either side of it.
either 意为（两者中的）任何一个
either … or … 或者。。。。或者。。。。。
either 作副词，意为“也”，用于否定句末。
either 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
25.I felt a little cold when we went out.
a little 一点，稍微
a little还可以用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级
Lily is a little taller than her sister.
a little还可以用于修饰不可数名词，表示数量
There is a little milk in the bottle.
a little还可以用于修饰单数名词，意为“小的”
To our surprise, he is such a little boy.
26.Many people find it pleasant to travel around.
find it +adj.+ to do sth 发现做某事是。。。。的，it是形式宾语 ，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式结构。
pleasant 形容词，“令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的”，常作定语，用于修饰物
pleased 形容词“高兴的，满意的”，常作表语，主语通常是人
pleasure 名词“快乐，乐事”，作“快乐”讲，是不可数名词，作“乐事”讲，是可数名词
27.They provide a high level of service.他们提供了高水平的服务。
provide sth for sb. =provide sb with sth
offer sb sth=offer sth to sb
28.Millie would like to suggest India, and she has prepared some notes of it.
米莉想建议印度，她已经准备了关于印度的一些笔记。
would like sth would like to do sth would like sb to do sth
feel like doing 想要做某事
prepare …..for ……. 为。。。做好准备
29.The second largest population in the world世界上第二大人口
population “人口” 在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
当population与分数或百分数连用，在句中作主语时，谓语动词多用复数形式
表示某国、某城市有多少人口时，可用某国或某城市+has a population of …….
用large与 small来表示人口的多与少
对人口数量进行提问时用what/how large
What’s the population of the city ?= How large is the population of the city ?
二、语法Grammar
It的用法
1：It 用作形式主语
当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie.
It is no use arguing about it.
(争吵是没用的。) 〔It为arguing about it的形式主语〕
It is uncertain who will come.
(谁要来还不确定。) 〔It为who will come的形式主语〕
It 作形式主语的常见句型：
① It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. / doing / that ….
e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language.
It is useless crying over the spilt milk.
It was really surprising that she married a man like that.
② It + be +名词词组 + doing / that ….
e.g. It is no good telling lies.
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday.
It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party.
③ It + be + 过去分词 + that ….
该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc.
e.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer.
It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.
It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.
④ It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词 + that ….
e.g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.
It appears that Tom might change his mind.
⑤ 若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。
e.g. Does it matter much that they won’t come tomorrow?
Is it true that he will go abroad next week?
⑥ It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth.
这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式（to do sth.），句型中的sb.也可以省略。
e.g. It took me some time to read the reading materials.
It took him fourteen hours to go to New Zealand from Shanghai by plane.
How long does it take you to go to Beijing from Qingdao by train?
I am not sure, but I think it takes at least nine hours to get there.
2：It 用作形式宾语
当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。
下列四种情况须用it 作形式宾语：
① 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）；
e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.
I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.
He makes it a rule never to borrow money.
I think it no need talking about it with them.
② 某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；
e.g. I don’t like it that he’s so lazy.
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.
③ that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语；
e.g. You may depend on it that we shall always help you.
Would you see to it that she gets home early?
He insisted on it that he was innocent.
④ 由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。
e.g. I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it.
We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident.
三、词组归纳
1.in the middle of 在--中央
2.in eastern China/in the eastern part of China/in the east of China 在中国东部
3.be turned into an attraction /find her attractive 被改成一个景点/觉得她有吸引力的
4.be well worth a visit//visiting 值得参观
5.watch the raising of the national flag//raise the flag 观看升国旗仪式//升旗
6.on either/each side of --//on both sides of-- 在-- 任何/每 一侧//在--两侧
7.in unusual shapes// an underground cave 以独特的形状//一个地下洞穴
8.hang down/ point upwards 倒挂/向上伸展
9.be praised as the ancient city of culture 被誉为文化古城
10.find it/it’s pleasant to hire a bicycle 觉得租辆自行车是令人愉快的
11.The watchtower is open to the public. 这瞭望塔对公众开放
12.The city state takes up three quarters of the area. 这个国家城市占据四分之三的区域
13.provide a high level of service//serve the people 提供高水平服务//为人民服务
14.have the second largest population in the world 有世界第二大人口
15.It’s tiring to climb the steps./be tired of doing sth 爬台阶是累人的/厌烦做某事
16.emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties 明清两朝皇帝
17.What’s the population of China? It’s over 1.3 billion. 中国人口有多少?13多亿
18.The population of China is larger than that of America. 中国人口比美国多
19.a wonder//wonder(want to know)// wonderful wonderfully 一个奇迹//想知道
20. across northern China 横跨中国北部
21. every ...... 每隔……
22. be praised as.... 被赞誉为
语法部分：
单项选择
1. Is _______ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A. this B. that C. it D. he
2. I don’t think _______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this B. that C. its D. it
3. Does _______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A. this B. that C. he D. it
4. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _______ didn’t help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
5. _______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
6. I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. these D. them
7. Don’t _______ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be the most successful.
A. take as granted B. take this for granted C. take that for granted D. take it for granted
8. I like _______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
【答案】1-8 CDDDDADC
词汇句型部分：
一、翻译句子
1．有些饭店有必要提高它们的服务水平。
_____________________________________________________________________________
2．地铁每十分钟来一趟。
_____________________________________________________________________________
3．我想看天安门前的升旗仪式。
_____________________________________________________________________________
4．印度是世界上第二人口大国。
_____________________________________________________________________________
5．那个男孩占据了四分之三的座位。
_____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
It is necessary for some restaurants to improve/raise their level of service.
The underground comes every ten minutes.
I would like to see the raising of the national flag in Tian’anmen Square.
India has the second largest population in the world.
The boy takes up three quarters of the seat.
二、选择题
( )1. On the wall ______two large photos.
A. hanging B. hanged C. hang D. hangs
( )2. —What's the weather like today?
—___________is sunny and windy.
A. That B. It C. The weather D. This
( )3.—Bill, please turn down the music, ________Mum ________ Dad are sleeping.
—Sorry, I'll do it right away.
A. neither; nor B. either; or C. both; and D. Not only; but also
( )4.—I will go to Hong Kong Disneyland with my parents tomorrow.
—________!
A. My pleasure B. Have a nice trip C. All right D. Congratulations
( )5. Near our school__________ some bookshops and in our school_______ a big library.
A. are, is B. is, are C. are, are D. is, is
( )6. —What do you think of the movie by Zhao Wei?
—Fantastic. I like ___very much.
A. it B. him C. her D. you
( )7. —Who was knocking at the door just now?
—_________was my cousin.
A. He B. She C. They D. It
( )8.The price of cotton has ___a lot. As a result, the factories plan to ____the price of their cotton clothes.
A. raised ,raise B. raised ,rise C .risen ,raise D. risen,rise
( )9. The cave ____“the Art Palace of Nature”.
A. is thought B. is set C. is praised for D. is praised as
( )10. In front of the house _____a big tree.
A. have B. has C. is D. are
( )11.—What's the cost of the dictionary?
—_________ is sixty-three.
A. This B. It C. That D. He
( )12. __________was Mary who picked up the wallet.
A. He B. She C. They D. It
( )13. —Can a plane fly__________ the Atlantic Ocean?
—Yes, but it needs to go_______ the clouds for hours.
A. across, through B. through, across C. across, across D. through, through
( )14. It is _______to cycle around Guilin.
A. a great fun B. a fun C. great fun D. a great funny
( )15. You can park on ____side of the road. Look at the sign “No parking”.
A. each B. none C. either D. neither
( )16. What a long way _________is from Beijing to London!
A. this B. it C. that D. /
( )17.About ____of the students in Grade Nine this year were born in the ______.
A. three-five,1996 B. three-fifths ,1990s C. third-fifth ,1997 D. third-fifths ,1990s
( )18.The museum will not ______people today because it’s being repaired.
A. be closed to B. be open to C. be popular to D. be opened to
( )19. If you prefer the red evening dress, you’ll have to pay _____30 dollars, because it’s made of silk.
A. other B. the other C. more D. another
( )20.—Which hobby do you think ____the least time?
A. takes up B. puts up C. gives up D. makes up
( )21. She used to ____ an underground to school, but now she is used to ____to school.
A. taking, walk B. take , walk C. taking ,walking D. take,walking
( )22. Nanjing lies __Jiangsu Province, and it lies ____the south of Lianyungang.
A. to ,on B. to ,in C. in ,on D. in ,to
( )23. Actually, I don’t think Spiderman II is as interesting as the first,_____?
A. does it B. doesn’t it C. isn’t it D. is it
( )24. Beijing is in _____China and China is a(n) ______country.
A. North,Western B. Northern,Eastern C. South,Eastern D. East,West
( )25 .Everyone at the party _____the music played by little Mozart.
A. amazed by B. was amazed with C. amazed to D. was amazed at
【答案】CBCBA ADCDC BDACD BBBDA DDDBD
三、单词填空
A.根据括号中所给的汉语提示写出单词，每空一词.
1.At first, Mary wasn't used to_____________(筷子).
2. I am very _______(累的) to look after two pre-school children at home.
3. In ancient times, the____________(皇帝)have very high power.
4. I think it’s not polite to ________(指向) at others.
5. The_____________(风景)of the Great Wall is like a dragon.
6. They had built ______________(暸望塔)to protect the village from robbers.
7. It is a suitable ____________(地点)for a new school.
8. Large ______________(洞穴)is already known for thousands of years.
9. Only a _____________(四分之一) of the earth is land.
10.Our hometown ________(位于) between the mountain and the lake.
11. Television is one of the____________(奇迹)in the world.
12. These stones are in strange _____________(形状).
13. Chinese Kung Fu is a kind of __________(传统的) Chinese art.
B. 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空.
1. He ____(lie) down on the bench and soon fell asleep.
2. Lily lives in the_____________(east) part of Shanghai.
3.When I watch the ____________(raise) of the national flag, I feel very excited.
4. One of the main____________(attract) of the place is the nightlife.
5. The volunteers for community_____________(serve) are doing a good job.
6. Nowadays, it is very popular ___________(hire) a bicycle and ride around places of interest
7. There are so many rocks in_____________(usual) shapes in the Reed Flute Cave.
8. While Millie _____________(walk) along the bridge, my mobile phone rang.
9. The fisherman made a fire and __________(hang) his wet clothes up to dry.
10.How many __________(dynasty) are there in Chinese history?
11. Peter is so_______________(please) that everyone likes him.
12. If farmers keep taking the land, wild animals will have nowhere___________(live).
13. The Summer Palace is a famous Chinese-style garden built in a________(nature) landscape.
14. We can experience the_____________(beautiful) of the Great Wall.
15. I think the film Transforms IV is well worth______(watch)
16.We have great fun______________(cycle)around Chengdu!
17. Come on. We still have a long way______________(go).
【答案】
A: chopsticks tired emperors point landscape
watchtowers location Cave quarter lies
wonders shapes traditional
B : lay eastern raising attractions service
to hire unusual was walking hung dynasties
pleasant to live beauty watching cycling to go
