牛津译林版英语八年级上册8A U2 知识点校对版(可直接打印)
展开8A Unit2 School life!
Comic Strip&Welcome to the unit
- have to do sth 不得不做某事
- work hard 努力地工作 hard work 艰难辛苦的工作
- What's school like? 学校是什么样的?
常用短语有:be like…像...,look like…看起来像...,sound like…听起来像...
- 辨析 few & a few & little & a little
1) few作形容词,意思是“很少的;几乎没有的”,表示否定含义,修饰复数名词或代词。
e.g: I have few friends because I am new here.在这儿我几乎没有朋友,因为我是新来的。
2) a few的意思是“少数的;几个;一些”,表示肯定含义,修饰可数名词复数。
e.g: There are a few boys in the classroom.教室里有几名男生。
3) little的意思是“很少的;几乎没有的”,表示否定含义,修饰不可数名词。
e.g: There is little air pollution in the country .农村里几乎没有空气污染。
4) a little的意思是“一点儿;少量的;少许的”,表示肯定含义,修饰不可数名词。
e.g: There is a little orange juice in the bottle.瓶子里有一点儿橙汁。
5. buy sb sth=buy sth for sb 给某人买某物
6. would like sth 想要某物
Would like to do sth 想要做某事
Would like sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
- 提建议的句型
Could/would you please + do sth?
Shall we + do sth?
Let’s + do sth.
Why don’t you + do sth?
How about/ what about + doing sth?
- practise doing sth 练习做某事
Reading
- British English 英式英语 France 法国 French 法国的
2. It is a mixed school. 它是一所男女混合的学校。
3. like sth. best=one's favourite sth .is… 最喜欢某物
4. Learning foreign languages is fun. 学习外语是有趣的。 (动名词作主语,谓语用单数)
5. at the end of... 在...的最后 in the end 最后
6. borrow sth from sb 从某人那里借来某物
lend sb sth = lend sth to sb 将某物借给某人
- discuss sth with sb 和某人讨论某事
- seem可用作连系动词或不及物动词,意为“似乎;好像”,常见用法如下:
(1) seem + adj He seems happy. 他似乎开心。
(2) seem to be + adj/n He seems to be happy. 他似乎开心。
(3) seem to do sth 似乎/好像做某事
(4) It seems that + 句子 It seems that he is happy. 他似乎开心。
(5)There+seem to be+n. There seems to be a bird in the tree. 树上似乎有一只鸟。
9. offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb.给某人提供某物。
10. 具体日期前用on
on Friday morning on the afternoon of May 1st
on a cold/rainy/windy morning
- Our school ends earlier than usual. 我们学校放学比平时早。
- twice a week为频度状语,对频度状语提问用how often...?
- win的意思是“赢得;赢,获胜”,在作为及物动词时,它的宾语往往是比赛,名次,奖品,奖金,运动等, 不能接人。
- Both...and.. 两者都...
Eg: Both he and his sister are good at English. 他和他的姐姐都擅长英语。
- I read an article by a boy. 我读了一个男孩写的文章。
Grammar
- come first/second/ third 获得第一/二/三名
- 辨析 farther & further
Farther 表示距离上更远。 eg: She is too tired to walk any farther. 她太累了不能再往前走了。
Further 抽象意义,译为“进一步的” I need further help. 我需要进一步的帮助。
- She draws better than any other student in my class. 她画得比我们班其他任何一个学生都好。
1)Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.
上海比中国其他任何一座城市都大。(上海属于中国城市之一)
2)Shanghai is bigger than any city in Jiang Su.
上海比江苏任何一座城市都大。(上海不属于江苏省的城市之一)
Integrated skills&Study skills
- the number of ... ...的数量是 (谓语用单数)
Eg: the number of the students is 50.
a number of ... 大量的 (谓语用复数)
Eg: a number of students like to learn English.
- How much time do students spend on homework every day?
辨析 四个“花费”
1)spend
sb spend 时间/金钱on sth
sb spend 时间/金钱 doing sth
2)take
It takes sb 时间 to do sth
3)cost
sth cost sb 金钱
4)pay
sb pay 金钱 for sth
- wear school uniforms 穿校服
- do morning exercises 做早操 do eye exercises 做眼保健操
- have two days off 放了两天假
- have a monthly test on each subject 对各科目进行月考
- look through 浏览
- at first 起初
- keep (on) doing sth 继续做某事,重复做某事,一直做某事
- keep sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事
Task & Self-assessment
- What time does your school start? 你的学校几点开始上课?
- When do you finish your school? 你什么时候放学?
- How long is lunchtime at your school? 你们学校的午餐时间有多长?
- 辨析
How long 多长?(对长度提问) 多久?(对时间提问)
How often 多久一次?(对频率提问)
How far 多远? (对距离提问)
How soon 还要多久?(对in+段时间提问)
- go on a school trip/go on school trips 参加学校组织的旅行
- need的用法如下:
1)作情态动词。
①need+ 动词原形(肯定) needn’t + 动词原形(否定)
You needn't worry. 你不必担心。
②由need引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用must或have to; 否定回答常用needn't或 don't have to。
- Need I answer the question? 我需要回答这个问题吗?
- Yes, you must./Yes, you have to 是的,你必须(回答)。
- No, you needn't./No, you don't have to. 不,你不必(回答)。
2)行为动词。
need to do sth (肯定) don’t/doesn’t need to do sth (否定)
She needs help. 她需要帮助。
I don't need to see a doctor.我不需要看医生。
- choose to do sth.选择做某事
- have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩的开心
have fun doing sth = have s good time doing sth 做某事很开心
语法
数量的比较
1.两者之间数量上的比较
(1)可用more…than...结构表示“……比…·一多”,more后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词。如:
He has more books than me.他的书比我多。
She has more free time than me.她的空闲时间比我多。
(2)可用fewer/less…than…结构表示“……比”+…‘少”,fewer后接可数名词复数,less后接不可数名词。如:
Tom is in fewer clubs than Jack. 汤姆参加的俱乐部比杰克少。
We drink 1ess coffee than tea. 我们喝咖啡不如喝茶多。
2.三者或三者以上数量上的比较
(1)用the most“最多”,它后面既可跟可数名词复数,也可跟不可数名词。
Bob got the most points in our class.鲍勃在我们班里得分最多。
Simon drinks the most milk.西蒙喝的牛奶最多。
(2)用the fewest或the least表示“最少”,前者用来修饰可数名词复数,后者用来修饰不可数名词。如:
She can sing the fewest songs in our class.我们班里她会唱的歌最少。
He finishes the least homework of us three.我们三个人里,他完成的家庭作业最少。
3.副词比较等级的用法
(1)A+动词(实义动词)+副词比较级+than+B.当than前后使用的动词相同时,通常用助动词代替后面自动词,该动词或助动词可以省略。如:
He works harder than you(do).他比你工作更努力。
I got up earlier than my mother(did).我起得比我妈妈早。
(2)说明“和B比起来,更喜欢A”时,要用well的比较级better,用“Sb.Like(s)A better than B”句型。如:
I like sppring better than winter.春天和冬天,我更喜欢春天
(3)当询问对方比较两者后作出选择,可用句型Which/Who do you like better,A or B?如:
Which do you like better,red or blue? 红色和蓝色,你更喜欢哪个?
Who do you like better,Li Ming or Zhang Hua? 李明和张华,你比较喜欢谁?
(4)副词比较级前可加much,a little,even,far,a lot;修饰词来加强语气。
Tony jumps much higher than Jim. 托尼跳得比吉姆高得多。
4.副词的最高级用法
常用句型:A+动词(实义动词)+(the)副词最高级+of/in/among…。如:
Amy writes(the)most carefully in our class. 在我们班埃米写得最认真。
Bill swims(the)fastest among the three of us. 我们三个人中比尔游得最快。