高中英语-必修第三册-译林牛津版-UNIT 2 Section B（课件PPT）

这是一份高中英语-必修第三册-译林牛津版-UNIT 2 Section B（课件PPT），共30页。

UNIT 2　Natural disastersSection B　Grammar and usage核心词汇教材原句p.20 As you can imagine，it was a bit of a shock. 正如你所想象的，这有点儿令人震惊。1 shock n. & vt. （1） n. 震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 be in a state of shock 惊魂未定/ 处于休克状态 a great shock to sb. 对某人来说是个极大的震惊（抽象名词具体化） The news was a great shock，but she got over it soon. 那消息太令人震惊了，但她很快恢复了平静。The shock of the earthquake was felt for miles. 地震几英里以外人们都能感觉到。The seniors in the nursing home are in a state of shock during the hurricane. 养老院的老人在飓风期间都处于震惊的状态。［词汇复现］ The news that a typhoon would hit this region was a great shock to the residents here. 台风将袭击这一地区的消息对这里的居民来说是一个极大的震惊。［词汇复现］ 题组练·领悟方法（2）vt. 使震惊搭配：It shocks sb. to see/hear... 看到/ 听到……使某人震惊。The violence and bad language in the program shocked many of the viewers. 节目中的暴力场面和污秽语言使许多观众震惊。It shocked me to see how my neighbours treated their children. 看到邻居那样对待孩子我很震惊。【词语积累】shocking adj. 令人震惊的，惹人憎恶的shocked adj. 惊愕的，震惊的 be shocked at/by 对……感到震惊be shocked to do sth. 对做某事感到震惊This is shocking news. It has shocked everyone，and everyone is shocked at the news. 这是令人震惊的消息，它震惊了每个人，每个人都对这个消息感到震惊。单句语法填空（1）We felt curious（as to） how she received the 　　　　 　（shock） news. （2）［词汇复现］It 　　　　 　（shock） us the moment we saw how the wildlife was badly treated. （3）［2020·天津卷］Jones was 　　　　 　（shock） when she said that she didn’t actually mind being cheated. （4）His death was 　　　　 　 great shock to the family. （5）［词汇复现］They were shocked 　　　　 　（learn） that the flight their son took crashed. 完成句子（6）［词汇复现］The disappearance of more species in this region is 　　　　　　　　 　　（对……是一大打击） the biologist. （7）［词汇复现］ 　　　　　　　　 （这使他们震惊） to see a chemical plant built just near their house. （8）［词汇复现］We 　　　　　　　　　　　　（对……感到震惊） the increasing number of sharks in this region. shockingshockedshocked ato learn a great shock to It shocked them are shocked at 教材原句p.20 The strong wind and heavy rain didn’t scare me， but I was quite frightened during the power failure. 大风和大雨没有吓到我，但是停电的时候我吓坏了。2 scare v. & n. （1）vt. & vi. 惊吓，害怕 scare... away/off 把……吓跑 scare sb. into doing sth. 威胁/ 恐吓某人做某事 scare sb. to death 把某人吓得要死 It scares sb. to do sth. 做某事使某人感到害怕。The high price is scaring away possible buyers. 价格昂贵，把想买东西的顾客吓跑了。The salesman scared the old lady into signing the paper by threatening to take away the goods. 推销员威胁要拿走货物，吓得那老妇人在单据上签了字。The appearance of the fierce shark in the distance almost scared me to death. 远处凶猛的鲨鱼的出现几乎把我吓死了。［词汇复现］ It scared me to think that I would spend the whole night in the valley alone. 一想到要在山谷里独自度过整晚，我就害怕。（2）n. 恐慌；惊吓There’s been quite a scare about the possible side effects of this new drug. 这种新药可能产生的副作用造成了相当大的恐慌。The sound of the explosion gave me quite a scare. 爆炸声把我吓了一大跳。【词语积累】scared adj. 害怕的，恐惧的，担心的scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事 单句语法填空（1）Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears 　　　　 　. （2）［词汇复现］When we are getting excited， angry or 　　　　 　（scare），our bodies also go through many physical changes. （3）I really thought I was going to fall—it was a 　　　　 　（scare） moment. （4）［词汇复现］It was a 　　　　 　 adventure and we felt 　　　　 　 at the thought of it. （scare） （5）Many customers have been scared 　　　　 　 buying organic food. （6）The little girl was so scared 　　　　 　（see） the snake that she couldn’t move. 完成句子（7）I have got a way to 　　　　　　 　　　　 　　　　　　 　（吓跑那些调皮的孩子）. （8）［词汇复现］ 　　　　　　　　　　　　 （这使她害怕） to think that her son would be injured in the car crash. offscaredscaryscary scaredintoto seescare those naughty children offIt scared her3 power n. 电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量 be in power 执政 come into/to power 开始掌权/ 执政 take power 夺取政权 within one’s power 在某人能力/ 权力范围之内 beyond one’s power 超出某人的能力/ 权力 a power failure 停电；电力故障 a power station 发电站/a power plant 发电厂China is a country where the people are in power. 中国是个人民掌权的国家。The new president came into power last month. 新总统上个月开始执政。I will make efforts to help you within my power. 我将尽我所能帮助你。It is beyond my power to make profits in such a short time. 在这么短的时间里赚取利润不是我力所能及的。［词汇复现］ She equals him in mental power but not in physical strength. 她的智力比得上他，但是体力就不如他了。So enormous was the hurricane’s power that it carried away the whole building. 飓风的力量大极了，竟刮走了整座建筑物。［词汇复现］ 【词语积累】powerful adj. 强大的，强有力的【词语辨析】power，force，strength 与energy The army officer，full of energy and great strength，finally took power by force. 这位军官精力充沛，力气巨大，终于以武力夺取了政权。单句语法填空（1）［词汇复现］It is not 　　　　 　 my power to inform you the result of the competition. （2）Not that I don’t want to help you，but that it’s 　　　　 　 my power to do so. （3）The president came 　　　　 　 power in 1958. （4）Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that’s pretty 　　　　 　（power）. 写出句中power 的含义（5）This country extends its power and influence into neighbouring countries. ___________ 　　　（6）They’ve decided to build a power station there. ___________（7）It is the power of speech which most clearly differs men from animal ___________　　　　 （8）He successfully took power in a peaceful way. ___________withinbeyondinto/topowerful势力电能力政权辨析填空（power/force/strength/energy） （9）The soldiers took the prisoners away by 　　　　. （10）— You are always full of 　　　　. Can you tell me the secret? —Taking plenty of exercise every day. （11）Jack was working in the lab when a 　　　　 failure occurred. （12）I was so exhausted that I had hardly enough 　　　 　 left to move my feet. forceenergypowerstrength教材原句p.20 Were you afraid of running out of supplies? 你是不是担心供应品用光了？ 4 run out of 用完，耗尽The climbers have run out of their supplies. =The climbers’ supplies have run out. 登山队员的补给品已经用完了。［词汇复现］ 【词语辨析】run out 与run out of （1）run out（= give out）“耗尽，用完”，是不及物动词短语，主语是“物”。（ 2）run out of （= use up）“耗尽，用完”，是及物动词短语，主语 是“人”。She has run out of her money and her patience is also running out. 她已经把她的钱花光了，并且她也快没有耐心了。【归纳拓展】run after 追赶，追求 run for 竞选 run away 逃走 run into 遇到；撞上 run across 偶然遇见（某人）；偶然发现（某物）单句语法填空（1）Scott and his men were soon exhausted and running out 　　　　 　 food. （2）She ran 　　　　 　 some old letters when she was looking for something else. （3）The natural resources are running 　　　　 　 because of people’s wasting them. （4）He ran 　　　　 　 the thief，waving his fist with anger. 完成句子（5）The building materials，such as concrete and bricks，will soon 　　　　　　　（用光）. （6）［词汇复现］His car 　　　　 　　 （撞上） the back of another car，which caused much damage. ofacrossoutafterrun outran into5 supply n. & v. （1）n. 补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备The commander was worried about supplies for his men. 司令员为部队的补给品担忧。There has been a rapid increase in the supply of farm machinery， chemical fertilizer and pesticides. 农业机械、化肥和杀虫药的供应迅速增加。［词汇复现］ Our food supply is running out.我们的食物储备快用完了。［词汇复现］ （2）vt. 供应，供给，提供The company supplied us with money for the project. 公司为我们提供款项来做那项工程。Now we supply power to nine-tenths of the city’s homes. 现在我们向这个城市十分之九的家庭提供电力。［词汇复现］ 【词语辨析】supply，provide 与offer （1）supply 尤指大量供应、供给 supply sb. with sth. supply sth. to sb. （2）provide 强调提供所需之物 provide sb. with sth. provide sth. for sb. （3）offer 强调主动提供 offer sb. sth. offer sth. to sb. 单句语法填空（1）They will supply us 　　　　 　 technology in support without asking for anything in return. （2）This book will supply some scientific methods 　　　　 　 us in English learning. （3）Our school library can provide all kinds of good books 　　　　 　 students. （4）Finally，the manager offered a good job 　　　　 　 me. 完成句子（5）This 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（给我提供了一个机会） to show my appreciation to my headmistress. （6）We 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　（提供给无家可归的人） food and clothes. withtofortooffered me a chanceprovide/supply the homeless with教材原句p.20 Luckily，many people came to help，donating food and clothes to charities. 幸运的是，许多人来帮忙，捐赠食物和衣服给慈善机构。6 donate vt. 捐赠，赠送；献（血） 搭配：donate...to... 把……捐赠给…… They used to donate a large sum of money to the Red Cross every year. 他们过去每年都向红十字会捐献大笔的钱。The government calls on the youth to donate their blood voluntarily. 政府号召青年义务献血。【词语积累】donor n. 捐赠者；赠予者　　　　　donation n. 捐赠；赠送make a donation/donations（to）（向……）捐赠 单句语法填空（1）［词汇复现］At the news，many people all over the world donated their money __________ those tsunami-hit areas. （2）He made a generous 　　　　 　（donate）to the charity. 完成句子（3）［词汇复现］I was surprised to learn that the common resident _______________________（向…… 捐献了一亿美元）the university. What a shock! todonationdonated ＄100 million to 重点句式 教材原句p.20 You know，going outside during a hurricane is much too dangerous. 你知道的，在飓风来袭时外出太危险了。【句式分析】该句是一个简单句，going outside during a hurricane 是动名词短语作主语，此时谓语动词用单数形式。1 动名词短语作主语Washing hands before meals is good for our health. 饭前洗手对我们的健康有好处。Building up one’s vocabulary is no easy task for many students. 对许多学生来说，增加词汇量不是一件容易的事。Reading under the sun does harm to our eyes. 在阳光下看书对我们的眼睛有害。［词汇复现］ 【学法点拨】动名词短语作主语，it 作形式主语。常用于以下固定句型： It is no use/good doing sth. It is a waste of time doing sth. It is useless/fun/worthwhile doing sth. It is no use arguing with him. He is really stubborn. 和他争论是没有用的。他真的很固执。It is a waste of time reading this brochure. There is no useful information in it. 看这本小册子是浪费时间。里面没有有用的信息。［词汇复现］ It is fun watching the dolphins swimming and running after each other in the sea. 看海豚在海里游泳、互相追逐真有趣。［词汇复现］ 单句语法填空（1） 　　　　 （water） young plants in the dry season was tough for a lone boy. （2） 　　　　 　（do） morning exercise is good for our health. （3）It is no use 　　　　 　（blame）him. （4）It isn’t worthwhile 　　　　 　（spend）so much time on minor problems. （5）［词汇复现］Analysing the data 　　　　 　（be） a long process. （6） 　　　　 　（return） to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. （7） 　　　　 　（land） on the moon’s far side is extremely challenging. 完成句子（8）［词汇复现］ 　　　　 　　　　 　　（改掉坏习惯） is not easy for many people，which needs determination. （9） 　　　　　　 　　 　　（朗读很重要） for us to learn a foreign language. （10）It is useless 　　　　　　　　 　　（试着和她说话） when she is in her mood. WateringDoingblamingspendingisReturningLandingGetting rid of bad habitsReading aloud is very importanttrying to talk to her 教材原句p.20 The hurricane must have caused a lot of damage and suffering. 飓风一定造成了许多损失和痛苦。2 must have done 想必/ 准是/ 一定做了（表示对过去的肯定推测） Joe must have handed in her job application. 乔一定已经递交了她的工作申请。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】could have done（过去）本能够做而未做；（过去）可能做过can’t/couldn’t have done（过去）不可能做过may/might have done（过去）可能做过must have done（过去）一定做过should have done 过去本应该做（而实际上未做） shouldn’t have done 过去本不该做（而实际上做了） needn’t have done（过去）本没必要做而做了He could have avoided the car crash，but he was too careless. 本来他能够避免车祸，但是他太粗心。［词汇复现］ —Why are your eyes so red? You couldn’t have slept well last night. 你的眼睛为什么这么红? 你昨晚不可能睡得很好。—Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report. 是啊，我熬夜写报告了。He might have arrived at his destination if he had followed his friends’ advice. 如果他听了朋友们的劝告，他可能已经到达目的地了。［词汇复现］ It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。You should have set down his telephone number yesterday，but you didn’t. 你昨天就应该记下他的电话号码，但是你没有。Look! Tom is crying. I shouldn’t have been so strict with him. 看！汤姆在哭。我不应该对他这么严格。I needn’t have got up so early. It was Sunday. 我本不必起那么早的。那天是星期天。 单句语法填空（1）I needn’t 　　　 　 　（worry）before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me. （2）His room was dark last night. He might 　　　　 　（go） to bed early. （3）［词汇复现］What a mistake they have made! You should 　 　　　 　（inform） them of the process of the application. （4）I needn’t 　　　 　 　（buy） so much wine—only five people came. （5）You shouldn’t 　　　 　 　（go） without telling us. We were really concerned about you. （6）Rather than getting caught up in how you could 　　　　 　（do） better，why not offer yourself a compassionate （有同情心的） response? 完成句子（7）Tom，you are too lazy. You 　　　　　　　 　 　　　（本该完成） the work yesterday. （8）Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He 　　　　 　　　　 　 　（一定喝了太多）at the party last night. （9）George 　　　　　　　　 　　（不可能走） too far. His coffee is still warm. have worriedhave gonehave informed have bought 　have gonehave done should have finishedmust have drunk too muchcan’t have gone 单元语法 动词不定式作定语和结果状语1 动词不定式作定语（1）动词不定式作定语通常放在被修饰词的后面，与被修饰词之间可有主谓、动宾或同位关系。We need someone to help hand out the relief supplies. 我们需要有人帮忙分发救济物资。［词汇复现］ Every day he made one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat. 每天他都让一个小动物给他带点吃的。（2）不定式与被修饰词存在动宾关系时，如果不定式是不及物动词，则后面应有必要的介词。The boy has many bad habits to get rid of. 这男孩有许多坏习惯需要改掉。［词汇复现］ Let’s first find a room to put the things in. 我们先找个房间把东西放进去吧。（3）当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级及the next，the only，the last 等限定时，常用不定式作后置定语。She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games. 她是第一位在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。She is the only person to be admitted to the committee. 她是唯一被接纳进入委员会的人。［词汇复现］ （4）常接不定式作定语的名词有 ability，ambition，chance，attempt， decision，moment，need，plan，promise，reason，time，way，courage， opportunity 等。They don’t have the chance to carry out their strategy in this region. 他们没有机会在这个地区实施他们的战略。［词汇复现］ They are trying to find out a way to help the villagers get rid of poverty. 他们正在设法寻找帮助村民摆脱贫困的方法。［词汇复现］ 单句语法填空（1）She usually has a lot of meetings 　　　　 　（attend） in the evenings. （2）［2020·全国Ⅰ卷］China has become the first country 　　　　 　（land） a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. （3）［2020·全国Ⅰ 卷］...it means we have the chance 　　　　 　（obtain） information about how the moon is constructed. （4）That will be the only thing 　　　　 　（do） now. （5）He has the ability 　　　　 　（deal） with any aggressive behavior. 完成句子（6）My grandma 　　　　　　　　　 　　　 　（没有机会去上学） in those years. （7）She was 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 （第一个想到这个主意的人）. （8）You haven’t kept your promise 　　　　 　 （定期给我们写信）. （9）I want to 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　（找些书读） during the vacation. to attendto landto obtainto do to dealhad no chance /opportunity to go to school the first person to think of the ideato write us regularlyget some books to read2 动词不定式作结果状语（1）动词不定式作状语可表示结果。The Arab woke up to find that his camel had put his head inside the tent. 这个阿拉伯人一觉醒来，发现他的骆驼把头伸进了帐篷里。（2）在句式“so + adj./adv. + as to do...”中，不定式表示正面的结果，意为“如此……以至于……”。The dogs are so fierce as to frighten away the deer. 狗很凶，把鹿都吓跑了。［词汇复现］ The climate in this region is so mild as to attract many visitors. 这个地区的气候很温和，吸引了许多游客。［词汇复现］ （3）在句式“such + 名词+ as to do...”中，不定式表示正面的结果，意为“如此……以至于……”。We are not such fools as to believe him.我们不至于傻到相信他的话。（4）在句式“adj./adv. + enough to do...”中，不定式表示正面的结果， 意为“如此……以至于……”。I don’t know him well enough to ask him for help. 我和他不够熟，不便请他帮忙。I was nearly drowned last night，but was fortunate enough to be saved. 我昨天夜里差一点淹死，但真幸运，有人把我救了。（5）句式“too + adj./adv. + to do...”表示反面的结果，意为“太……以至于不能”。He is too excited to speak. 他激动得说不出话来。（6）“only + 不定式”作状语表示出乎意料的结果。I hurried to the destination，only to find him not there. 我匆忙赶到目的地，却发现他不在那里。［词汇复现］ 单句语法填空（1）Lamb and mother reunited， I turned back to the tractor only 　　　　 　（see） it move suddenly away from me. （2）We found the room too small 　　　　 　（hold） so many people. （3）［词汇复现］The man was generous enough 　　　　 　（donate） so much money to the charity. （4）The boy was so hard-working as 　　　　 　（admit） to a key university. （5）［词汇复现］It was such a terrible hurricane as 　　　　 　（cause） much damage to many buildings. 完成句子（6）He rushed all the way to the station， 　　　 　　　　　 　　　（结果没赶上火车）. （7）［词汇复现］The girl was so curious about the consequence 　　　　　　 　　　　　　（所以秘密地打开了信封）. （8）［词汇复现］It was such a destructive hurricane 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　（造成了很大的破坏）. to seeto hold to donate to be admitted to cause only to find the train leftas to open the envelope secretlyto as to cause much damage