高中英语UNIT2Naturaldisasters突破语法大冲关学案译林版必修第三册

UNIT 2 Natural disasters

动词不定式作定语和结果状语

不定式作定语表示未做的事情。不定式作状语通常表示目的、结果和原因。

[观察例句]

①She is always the first to come and the last to leave. 作定语

②Have you got a letter to write？ 作定语

③Do you have the ability to read and write in English？ 作定语

④He is such a good teacher as to be respected by all his students.

作结果状语

⑤He rushed to the station only to find that the train had left.

作结果状语

[知识拓展]

(一)不定式作定语

1．不定式作定语，置于被修饰词之后，常表示未发生的动作，其被动式为to be done。

The car to be bought is for his sister.

要买的这辆车是给他姐姐的。

2．如果是不及物动词，其不定式后面需有相应的介词。

The Greens have a comfortable house to live in.

格林一家有一幢舒适的房子可以居住。

3．有时，尽管是及物动词并且还带了宾语，如不定式所修饰的名词/代词是不定式动作发生的地点或动作发生所使用的工具等，该不定式后仍需有适当的介词。

Let's first find a room to put our things in.

咱们先找个房间放东西。

4．中心词是序数词或被序数词(the first，the second)、最高级、the last，the only等修饰时，用不定式作定语。

She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.

她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。

5．way，promise，plan，offer，decision，ability，warning等抽象名词后常用不定式作定语。

She said she had no plans to go there.

她说她没有去那里的打算。

[即学即练1]　单句语法填空

①His first book to be published(publish) next month is based on a true story.

②There is no one to look(look) after her.

③She is now looking for a room to live(live) in.

④For 25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something to eat(eat)!

(二)不定式作结果状语

不定式作结果状语时表示谓语动作的结果。往往表示“令人意想不到的”意思，其前面加上only时以加强语气。

What have I said to make you so excited?

我说了什么使你这么激动？

[名师点津]　下列结构的不定式可构成结果状语：too...to do，enough to do，so/such...as to，only/just to do。

I arrived at the shop only to find I'd left all my money at home.

我到了商店，结果发现我把钱落在了家里。

The boy is old enough to go to school.

那个小男孩足够大可以上学了。

He is too weak to do the work.

他身体太弱了不能做这项工作。

[即学即练2]　单句语法填空

①Dinosaurs have completely died out on the earth，never to be seen (see)again.

②He got home only to learn(learn)that his grandfather was ill.

③When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool(cool) the house during the hot day.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．As it was too deep to climb(climb) down，I hanged my gun to one of the men and slid down it.

2．Only this man was strong enough to lift(lift) the heavy stone.

3．The question to be discussed(discuss) next year has something important to do with our daily life.

4．Here are simple ways to keep(keep) your nearly lost friendship alive.

5．Sixteen years earlier，Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook(cook) a meal.

6．Let's find a knife to cut(cut)it with.

7．The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve(improve) water quality.

8．The girl was too nervous to walk(walk) farther when she saw the snake.

9．With a lot of homework to do(do)，I can't go skating with you.

10．He was surprised to be informed(inform) of the news.

Ⅱ.短文语法填空

There is a wonderful story about a young girl who had no family and no one 1.to love(love) her.

One day，2.feeling(feel) very sad and lonely，she was walking through a grassland when she noticed a small butterfly 3.caught(catch) in a thorny bush.The young girl carefully released the butterfly.Instead of 4.flying (fly) away，the little butterfly changed into a beautiful fairy.

“In return for your wonderful kindness，”the good fairy said to the girl，“I will give you any wish that you would like 5.to get(get)．”The little girl thought for a moment and then replied，“I want to be happy.”

6．Leaning(lean) toward her，the fairy whispered in her ear and then disappeared.

With the little girl 7.growing(grow) up，there was no one in the land happier than she was.Everyone wanted to make themselves 8.told(tell) the secret of happiness by her.She would only smile and answer，“The secret of my happiness is that I listened to a good fairy when I was a little girl.”

When she was dying，the neighbors all gathered around her，9.fearing(fear) that her unbelievable secret of happiness would die with her.So they begged her 10.to tell(tell) them what the good fairy said.The lovely old woman simply smiled and said，“She told me that everyone，no matter how old or young，how rich or poor，had need of me.”