2023年中考英语一轮复习必考点07 分数
展开考点07 分数
(2022·辽宁营口·中考真题)Tom was angry because Jerry ate ________ of his nine apples secretly. Now he had only three left.
A.a quarter B.one third C.a half D.two thirds
【答案】D
【解析】句意:汤姆很生气,因为杰里偷偷地吃了他九个苹果中的三分之二。现在他只剩下三个了。
考查数词运算。a quarter四分之一;one third三分之一;a half二分之一;two thirds三分之二。根据“his nine apples”及“only three left”可知,总共9个苹果,还剩3个,也就是吃了6个,占总数的三分之二,故选D。
分数的用法概览
分数的表达法
分数是由基数词作分子,序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是"1"的情况外,序数词都要用复数。
►1/3 one third 7/9 seven ninths
【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法:
►a half 二分之一 a quarter =one fourth 四分之一 three quarters=three fourth 四分之三
【助记口诀】
英语分数巧记
英语分数不费事,"母序子基"四个字。
分子若是大于一,分母还须加-s。
基础练
1.________ of the students took part in the sports meeting.
A.Three five B.Three fifth C.Third fifths D.Three fifths
2.There are ________ teachers in our school, and ________ of them are women teachers.
A.two hundreds; three quarter B.two hundreds; three quarters
C.two hundred; three quarters D.two hundred; three quarter
3.In our class ________ of the students are boys.
A.third five B.three fifths C.three fifth
4.________ of the people in that city say they have seen UFOs.
A.Three-fifth B.Three-fifths C.Third-five D.Thirds-five
5.It says that ________ of the water around the world ________ polluted.
A.two third; has B.two thirds; have C.two third; are D.two thirds; is
6.The population of China is about 1.4 billion. That’s almost one ________ of the world’s population.
A.five B.the five C.fifth D.the fifth
7.About ________ of the earth ________ covered with water, but we have less and less fresh water available.
A.Three fourth; is B.three fourths; is C.three fourth; are D.three fourths; are
8.—How many students like playing computer games in your school?
—________ of the students.
A.Two third B.Two thirds C.Two three D.Second three
9.—What do you think of the park here?
—Wonderful! ________ of it ________ covered with trees and grass.
A.Two fifths; is B.Two fifth; is C.Two fifths; are D.Two fifth; are
10.In our class ________ of the students ________ boys.
A.three fifths; are B.three fifth; are C.three fifths; is D.three fifth; is
11.—What do you think of the environment here?
—Wonderful! ________ of the land ________ covered with trees and grass.
A.Two fifths; is B.Two fifth; is
C.Two fifths; are D.Two fifth; are
12.There are two ________ doctors in this hospital; ________ of them are women doctors.
A.hundred; two fifth B.hundred; two fifths
C.hundreds; two fifth D.hundreds; two fifths
13.—Dear, how is your homework going?
—Oh, mom, I’ve just finished ________ of it.
A.second three B.two third C.two thirds
14.________ of the students will perform The Emperor’s New Clothes in the art festival.
A.Two three B.Two third C.Two thirds D.Two trees
15.About ________ of the students are left-behind children in our school.
A.two fifths B.two five C.two fifth D.second fifths
提升练
一、单项选择
1.—Dad, about ________ of our classmates ________ glasses.
—Oh, that’s terrible, you all should take good care of your eyes.
A.three fourth; wear B.three quarters; wear C.third fourth; wears
2.—How do the students usually go to school?
—About ________ of the students in our school ________ to school by bus.
A.two fifth; go B.two fifths; go C.two fifth; goes D.two fifths; goes
3.Nowadays, about ________ of adults like HUAWEI phones better.
A.two thirds B.two third C.second thirds D.second threes
4.Nowadays, ________ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ________ of them are adults.
A.a number of, four-fifths B.a number of, four-fifth
C.the number of, four-fifths D.the number of, four-five
5.________ the teachers in our school is more than one hundred, and ________ of them are women teachers.
A.A number of; three fourth B.A number of; three fourths
C.The number of; three quarter D.The number of; three quarters
6.—What do you think of the environment here, Mr. Wang?
—Wonderful! ________ of the land is covered with trees and grass.
A.Two fives B.Two fifth C.Twice fifths D.Two fifths
7.—________ people prefer HUAWEI phones, and about ________ of them are adults.
—Yes. HUAWEI is very popular nowadays.
A.The number of; four-fifths B.A number of; four-fifth
C.A number of; four-fifths D.The number of; four-five
8.—How many students in your class get to school on foot?
—About ________ of them do.
A.three fifths B.two third C.first four
9.We all know that about ________ of the books in our school library are written in Chinese.
A.four fifth B.four fifths C.fourth fifth D.fourths fifth
10.________ of the workers ________ men in the factory.
A.Two thirds; is B.Two thirds; are C.one third; is D.one thirds; are
11.—Dear, how is your homework going?
—Oh, mom, I’ve just finished ________ of it.
A.second three B.two thirds C.second threes D.two third
12.I hear _________ of the students in my class ________ used to having lessons online.
A.two third; is B.two third; are C.two thirds; is D.two thirds; are
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Two ________ (five) of the students in our class are girls.
2.The children are happy because seven ________ (nine) of the exercises are easy to work out.
3.One ________ of people on the Earth speak Chinese. (five)
4.It is reported that four ________ (nine) of the teenagers in China are overweight because of less exercise.
5.As we all know, three ________ of the earth’s surface is covered by water. (four)
6.About eight- ________ (8/9) of the students can study at school at present.
7.Two ________ (three) of the students have seen the film HI, MOM.
8.According to the survey, two ________ (five) of young people usually don’t have breakfast since they are in a hurry to get to work.
9.Nearly three ________ (four) of the earth’s surface is covered with water.
10.Over three ________ (quarter) of the earth is covered by water. There isn’t enough land for such a large population.
真题练
1.(2022·湖南郴州·统考中考真题)About ________ of my classmates help their parents do housework on weekends.
A.two fifths B.second five C.second fifths
2.(2022·辽宁营口·统考中考真题)Tom was angry because Jerry ate ________ of his nine apples secretly. Now he had only three left.
A.a quarter B.one third C.a half D.two thirds
3.(2021·广西玉林·统考中考真题)—Susan, how many women teachers are there in your school?
—In our school, _______of the teachers _______ women teachers.
A.third fourth; are B.third fourth; is C.three fourths; is D.three fourths; are
4.(2021·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题)—How many students in your class get to school on foot?
—About ________ of them do.
A.three fifths B.two third C.first four D.one seconds
5.(2021·贵州黔东南·统考中考真题)About ________ of the students in Kaili ________ to school by bus.
A.two fifth;go B.two fifths;go C.two fifth;goes D.two fifths;goes
6.(2021·黑龙江鸡西·统考中考真题) ________ of the land is covered with forests.
A.Three quarter B.Three quarters C.Third quarters
基础练
1.D
【详解】句意:五分之三的学生参加了运动会。
考查数词。分数的表达为“基数词/序数词(s)”,分子大于一时,分母的序数词用复数形式。故选D。
2.C
【详解】句意:我们学校有200名教师,其中四分之三是女教师。
考查大数以及分数表达法。hundred表示“百”,当前面有具体数字,后面不加-s;当后面有of时,要加-s。结合选项可知,AB错误,排除;表示“四分之三”应用three quarters。故选C。
3.B
【详解】句意:我们班五分之三的学生是男孩。
考查分数表达。英语表达分数时,分子为基数词,分母为序数词,分子大于1时,分母用复数,所以五分之三表达为three fifths,故选B。
4.B
【详解】句意:在那个城市五分之三的人说他们曾经见过不明飞行物。
考查分数表达法。分数表达法是分子为基数词,分母为序数词,分子大于等于2时候,分母变复数,故选B。
5.D
【详解】句意:据说,世界各地三分之二的水被污染了。
考查分数的表达以及主谓一致。two third错误表达;two thirds三分之二;has有,动词have的三单形式;have有,动词原形;are是,用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;is是,be的三单形式。在英语中表示分数时,基数词表示分子,序数词表示分母,当分子大于一时,分母要加s,所以“三分之二”应该是two thirds;动词says后接that引导的宾语从句,从句中采用一般现在时,从句主语two thirds of the water为不可数名词,与动词pollute“污染”存在逻辑上的被动语态,其谓语结构为is polluted。故选D。
6.C
【详解】句意:中国人口约14亿。这几乎是世界人口的五分之一。
考查分数的表达。此处表示“五分之一”,英文表达为one fifth。故选C。
7.B
【详解】句意:地球上大约四分之三的部分被水覆盖,但是我们有越来越少的淡水可用。
考查分数表达以及主谓一致。分数表达法:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1,分母加“s”,three fourths“四分之三”,排除A和C;“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词常与“of”后的名词保持一致,根据“earth”可知,用单数,故选B。
8.B
【详解】句意:——你们学校有多少学生喜欢玩电脑游戏?——三分之二的学生。
考查分数的表达。此处是分数,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1,分母用复数。故选B。
9.A
【详解】句意:——你认为这个公园怎么样?——很不错。它五分之二都被树和草覆盖。
考查数词表达及主谓一致。分数的表达是:分母用序数词;分子用基数词;分子大于1时分母变复数。根据这个规则,“五分之二”的表达应是“Two fifths”,故排除BD;主语“...of it”是单数,故be动词用is。故选A。
10.A
【详解】句意:在我们班五分之三的学生是男生。
考查数词和主谓一致。three fifths五分之三,are是,主语是you或复数形式;is是,主语是第三人称单数形式;分子大于一时,分母加s,因此排除BD两项;主语students是复数形式,谓语用复数形式,故选A。
11.A
【详解】句意:——你认为这里的环境怎么样?——很好!五分之二的土地被树和草覆盖。
考查分数表达以及主谓一致。分数表达法:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1,分母加s,排除B和D;“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词与of后的名词保持一致,根据“land”可知,用is,故选A。
12.B
【详解】句意:在这个医院里有两百名医生,他们中有五分之二是女医生。
考查数词。hundred“百”,表示具体数时,有数词修饰,不加s,如two hundred“两百”,表示约数时,与of连用,加s,如hundreds of“好几百”。表示分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于一时,分母用复数形式,two fifths“五分之二”,故选B。
13.C
【详解】句意:——-亲爱的,你的家庭作业怎么样?——哦,妈妈,我刚刚完成了三分之二。
考查分数的表达。在英语中,分数的表达方法是:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母用复数形式;结合选项可知,只有C选项two thirds“三分之二”表达正确。故选C。
14.C
【详解】句意:三分之二的学生将在艺术节上表演《皇帝的新衣》。
考查分数的表达。分数表达中,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于一,分母加s。two thirds“三分之二”,故选C。
15.A
【详解】句意:我们学校大约五分之二的学生是留守儿童。
考查分数表达。英语中分数表达时,分子为基数词,分母为序数词,但是当分子大于1时,分母后加s,故选A。
提升练
1.B
【详解】句意:——爸爸,我们班大约四分之三的学生都戴眼镜。——哦,那太糟糕了。你们都应该好好照顾你们的眼睛。
考查分数表达法。分数的表达形式:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1时,分母加s,排除AC;四分之三也可以用three fourths表示。故选B。
2.B
【详解】句意:——学生们通常怎么上学?——我们学校大约五分之二的学生乘公共汽车上学。
考查分数和主谓一致。英语中分数的表达结构是“分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母用复数形式”,此处表达“五分之二”应是two fifths,排除A/C选项;由分数连接的主语,谓语动词与of后的名词保持一致,此处名词是复数名词,动词应用原形,故选B。
3.A
【详解】句意:如今,大约三分之二的成年人更喜欢华为手机。
考查分数表达。英语表达分数时,分子为基数词,分母为序数词,分子如果大于1,分母用复数,所以“三分之二”表达为two thirds,故选A。
4.A
【详解】句意:如今,许多人更喜欢华为手机,他们中大约五分之四的人是成年人。
考查形容词短语和分数的表达。a number of许多,大量的;the number of……的数量。根据“people like HUAWEI phones better,”可知,空一表示许多人,用a number of,排除选项CD;分数的表达法是分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于一时,分母加复数s,因此空二处五分之四表达为four-fifths。故选A。
5.D
【详解】句意:我们学校的教师人数有一百多人,其中四分之三是女教师。
考查短语辨析及分数表达。A number of许多,修饰可数名词复数;The number of……的数量。根据“is more than one hundred”可知,此处指学校老师的数量,故排除A和B选项。quarter“四分之一”,其前基数词大于1时,用其复数形式。故选D。
6.D
【详解】句意:——王先生,你觉得这里的环境怎么样?——太棒了!五分之二的土地被树木和草地覆盖。
考查分数表达。分数中分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时分母用复数,“五分之二”用“two fifths”表达。故选D。
7.C
【详解】句意:——许多人更喜欢华为手机,其中约五分之四是成年人。——对。华为现在很受欢迎。
考查a number of和分数。a number of许多;the number of……数量;分数应该使用基数词作为分子,序数词作为分母,当分子大于或等于二时,序数词要加“s”。根据“people prefer HUAWEI phones”可知,应该表示“许多人喜欢华为手机”,所以第一空应该使用“a number of”;根据分数的表达可知,4/5应该表示“four-fifths”。故选C。
8.A
【详解】句意:——你们班有多少学生步行上学?——大约五分之三。
考查分数表达。英语中表达分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,所以排除选项C;分子如果大于1,分母须用复数形式,排除选项B。故选A。
9.B
【详解】句意:我们学校图书馆里大约五分之四的书是用汉语写的。
考查分数表达方法。根据英语表达习惯,分子应该用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一的时候,分母应加s。五分之四应该是four fifths。故选B。
10.B
【详解】句意:工厂里三分之二的工人是男性。
考查分数和主谓一致。分数的英文表达是分子为基数词,分母为序数词,分子大于1,分母加s,排除D。分数修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由被修饰名词决定,根据“of the workers”可知,此处be动词使用are。故选B。
11.B
【详解】句意:——亲爱的,你的功课完成得怎么样?——哦,妈妈,我刚刚完成了三分之二。
考查分数的表达法。此处是分数表达,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于一,分母用复数,故三分之二表达为“two thirds”。故选B。
12.D
【详解】句意:我听说我们班三分之二的学生都习惯在网上上课。
考查分数的表达和主谓一致。分数通常是分母为序数词,分子为基数词,分子大于1,分母要用复数;三分之二的正确表达是“two thirds”,排除AB项;分数修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词的数由名词来定,此处“students”为名词复数,be动词要用are。故选D。
二、1.fifths
【详解】句意:我们班五分之二的学生是女生。此处是分数的表达,分母用序数词,当分子大于1时,分母用复数形式,故填fifths。
2.ninths
【详解】句意:孩子们很高兴,因为九分之七的练习很容易完成。结合空前基数词“seven”和提示词可知,此处为分数,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1时,分母用其复数形式,seven ninths“九分之七”。故填ninths。
3.fifth
【详解】句意:地球上五分之一的人讲汉语。此句考查分数表达法,分子使用基数词,分母使用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母用复数。five“五,基数词”的序数词是fifth。故填fifth。
4.ninths
【详解】句意:据报道,中国有九分之四的青少年超重是因为缺乏锻炼。“nine”九,基数词。根据语境可知,此处考查“分数”的表达方法:分子为基数词,分母为序数词;当分子大于1时,分母用其复数形式。故九分之四应表达为four ninths,故填ninths。
5.fourths
【详解】句意:众所周知,地球表面的四分之三被水覆盖。此处是分数的表达,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1,分母用复数,此处应用序数词的复数形式,故填fourths。
6.ninths
【详解】句意:目前大约九分之八的学生可以在学校学习。此处是分数的表达法,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子超过一,分母用复数,eight ninths“九分之八”。故填ninths。
7.thirds
【详解】句意:三分之二的学生看过电影《你好,李焕英》。根据“Two... (three) of the students”可知,此处指比例,two-thirds“三分之二”,故填thirds。
8.fifths
【详解】句意:根据调查,五分之二的年轻人通常不吃早饭,因为他们赶着去上班。空格处用序数词表示分数。分数用法为:先分子,后分母,分子基,分母序,分子大于一,分母加s。two fifths“五分之二”。故填fifths。
9.fourths
【详解】句意:近四分之三的地球表面被水覆盖。根据“Nearly three…of the earth’s surface”可知,此处应该表示分数,结合提示词“four”可知,此空应该填fourths,three fourths“四分之三”。故填fourths。
10.quarters
【详解】句意:超过四分之三的地球被水覆盖。没有足够的土地容纳如此庞大的人口。three quarters“四分之三”,故填quarters。
真题练
1.A
【详解】句意:大约五分之二的同学在周末帮助他们的父母做家务。
考查分数表达。分数的表达:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1时,分母用序数词的复数形式,所以五分之二的表达为:two fifths,故选A。
2.D
【详解】句意:汤姆很生气,因为杰里偷偷地吃了他九个苹果中的三分之二。现在他只剩下三个了。
考查数词运算。a quarter四分之一;one third三分之一;a half二分之一;two thirds三分之二。根据“his nine apples”及“only three left”可知,总共9个苹果,还剩3个,也就是吃了6个,占总数的三分之二,故选D。
3.D
【详解】句意:——苏珊,你们学校有多少女老师?——在我们学校,四分之三的教师是女教师。
考查分数表达法及其用法。在英语中,分数的表达方法是:基数词(分子)+序数词(分母),分子超过1时,分母加s,故排除A、B项;含有分数主语的谓语动词形式,由of后面的名词决定,句中of后的名词teachers是复数形式,故谓语动词应用复数形式are。故选D。
4.A
【详解】句意:——你们班有多少学生步行到学校?——大约五分之三。
考查分数表达。英语中表达分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,所以排除选项C;分子如是1以上,分母须用复数形式,排除选项B和D。故选A。
5.B
【详解】句意:凯里大约五分之二的学生坐公共汽车上学。
考查分数的表达和主谓一致。“五分之二”的英文表达方式为two fifths,故A、C选项可排除。分数构成的主语,谓语动词与of后的名词一致,students是复数名词,故谓语go应用原形go,故选B。
6.B
【详解】句意:四分之三的土地被森林覆盖。
考查分数的表达。英语中3/4的表达结构是three fourths/quarters,其中quarter表示“四分之一”,three是大于1的数,quarter应用复数形式,故选B。
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