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2022-2023学年广东省茂名市电白区高一（上）期末英语试卷 解析版
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这是一份2022-2023学年广东省茂名市电白区高一（上）期末英语试卷 解析版，共24页。
2022-2023学年广东省茂名市电白区高一（上）期末英语试卷
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
A
If you'd like to go sightseeing，the following World Heritage sites（世界遗产保护地） may be your best choices.
Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area
Jiuzhaigou Valley，which lies in the northern part of Sichuan Province，China，reaches a height of more than 4，800 m，with a series of different forest ecosystems（生态系统）.It's particularly famous for its narrow landforms and excellent waterfalls.Some 140 kinds of birds also live in the valley，as well as a number of endangered plants and animals，including the giant panda.Jiuzhaigou Valley was recognized as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1992.
Khami Ruins National Monument
The city of Khami，which developed after the capital of Great Zimbabwe had been given up in the mid-16th century，is of great archaeological（考古的） interest.The discovery of objects from Europe and China shows that Khami was a major centre for trade over a long period of time.It joined the World Heritage List in 1986.
Henderson Island
Henderson Island，which lies in the eastern South Pacific，is one of the few atolls（环礁） in the world whose ecology（生态） has been untouched by humans.
It is particularly famous for the 10 plants and 4 birds that can only be seen on the island.It was recorded in the World Heritage List in 1988.
Old City of Jerusalem
As a holy（神圣的） city for three different religions in the Middle East，Jerusalem has always been of great religious importance.It was given a World Heritage Status in 1981 and placed on the"World Heritage in Danger List"the following year.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about Jiuzhaigou Valley？ ______
A. It is famous for many ancient objects.
B. Wonderful waterfalls can be seen there.
C. It has been untouched by human beings.
D. It lies in the eastern South Pacific.
2. From the passage，we can learn that Jerusalem ______ .
A. was ruined in the mid-16th century
B. was once business center for trade
C. is a holy city for three major religions
D. has over 140 kinds of birds living there
3. According to the passage，which World Heritage site was most recently set？ ______
A. Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area.
B. Khami Ruins National Monument.
C. Old City of Jerusalem.
D. Henderson Island.
B
One night，Pilar was in a deep sleep when she was woken by her cat Inti.Inti was meowing wildly outside Pilar's bedroom and throwing himself against the closed bedroom door.When Pilar opened her eyes，she saw that her bedroom was filled with smoke.As she escaped her house with Inti in her arms，she saw that a fire was burning in her kitchen.Pilar could easily have lost her life，but Inti would not let that happen.Even though Inti could have escaped the house through a cat door，he wouldn't leave Pilar.
As amazing as this story is，it is not as uncommon as you may think.Take the example of Charlotte Lee and her horse，Thunder.One summer night，the whole family was asleep with the windows open.It was normally very quiet where they lived.Suddenly，there was a loud noise.Charlotte woke up from her sweet dream，and the noise continued.Then she heard a horse running fast towards the house.The next thing she saw was Thunder standing outside her window，neighing（嘶叫）and shaking his head.She knew something was wrong.Charlotte quickly got everyone out of the house before the earthquake hit.Thunder has saved her life.
There are also stories of wild animals coming to the rescue of humans.One animal known to be a friend of humans is the dolphin.Once，Todd Endris was surfing with his friends when he was attacked by a 13 foot（4 meter）shark.In the middle of the attack，a group of dolphins came to his rescue by forming a protective ring around Endris until he could get safely to shore.Without the help of the dolphins，there is little chance that Todd could have escaped.
No one is sure why animals have so often come to our rescue.However，it is clear that humans and animals enjoy a close relationship.It is important that we care for them as much as we can.
4. Why did Inti throw himself against the door？ ______
A. He was trying to wake up his owner.
B. He wanted to get out of the room.
C. He felt bored and was playing by himself.
D. He couldn't find the way out because of smoke.
5. Before the earthquake hit，Charlotte ______ .
A. closed the windows B. was sleeping deeply
C. ran to warn her neighbors D. got her horse out of the stable
6. Both Inti and Thunder ______ .
A. were shy and quiet B. used to make noise at night
C. were brave and smart D. saved their owners several times
7. Which of the following is probably Todd's feeling towards the dolphins？ ______
A. Doubtful. B. Grateful. C. Frightened. D. Bored.
C
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language？
According to a new study by a British university,learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the effect is greater, the younger people learn a second language.
A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of "early bilinguals" who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.
"Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language," said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales,has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. "Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible（灵活的），" he said. "You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas."
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and 34. Reading,writing,and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn,the better. "Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world," explained the scientists.
8. The main subject talked about in this passage is ______ .
A. science on learning a second language
B. man's ability of learning a second language
C. language can help brain power
D. language learning and maths study
9. In the second paragraph, the writer mentions "exercise" in order to ______ .
A. say language is also a kind of physical labor
B. prove that one needs more practice when he（she） is learning a language
C. to show the importance of using the language when you learn the language
D. make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well
10. We may know from the scientific findings that ______ .
A. the earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is
B. there is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesn't know a second language
C. the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people's brain
D. the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time
11. The underlined word "bilinguals" probably means ______ .
A. a researcher on language learning
B. a person who is good at learning foreign languages
C. a person who can speak two languages
D. an active language learner
D
Over the last two days in December last year,nearly 30 tornadoes caused great damage across six states—from Arkansas in the south to Illinois in the midwest.More than 100 tornado warnings were is sued—the most ever for a day.The tornado in Kentucky caused at least 50 people's deaths,which was described as the worst in this state's history.
As one of the largest countries in the world,the United States is also one of the most geographically various countries—from deserts to forests to miles of coast line.While this comes with many advantages,it unfortunately leaves the country easily damaged by all kinds of natural disasters.
Different parts of the United States face different types of natural disasters.The west coast is at risk of wildfires,earthquakes,and even volcanic eruptions.The southern part of the country is frequently hit by tornadoes,and the east coast faces the threat of serious hurricanes every year.Midwestern areas near rivers are often flooded by huge floods,and these are the worst floods in American history.
The governments reviewed the weather event in each state's history that caused the highest number of deaths to determine the worst natural disaster in every state.Thanks to their location and geographic research.some states made preparations ahead of time to avoid mass-casualty （重大伤亡的） weather events.
However,many other parts of the country have been less fortunate,experiencing massive storms and floods.Many such events,like the 1900 hurricane that hit Galveston of Texas,killed so many people that it was impossible to get an exact number of final deaths,especially,during that time.
American weather continues to become more changeable.In 2018，there were 14 weather events that caused over ﹩1 billion in damage.And in many parts of the country,these weather events could become even more destructive （毁灭性的） because of global warming.
12. What do we know from the figures in paragraph 1？ ______
A. Less and less natural disasters hit America.
B. Tornadoes were the greatest threat to Americans.
C. The tornado in Kentucky was the worst in America.
D. America suffered from serious natural disasters.
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about？ ______
A. The natural disasters in different parts of US.
B. The earthquakes in the west coast of US.
C. The hurricanes along the east coast of US.
D. The worst floods in American history.
14. Which of the following can best describe American's weather in the future？ ______
A. Controllable. B. Unchangeable. C. Pleasant. D. Worrying.
15. What may be the best title for the text？ ______
A. A serious tornado in Kentucky
B. A weather report from the US
C. Common natural disasters in the US
D. Tornadoes causing great damage
Simple ways to improve your written English Many people think it is really difficult to improve（提高）their writing in English.Don't worry,though.Here are some simple steps that you can take to improve your written English.
• Increase your vocabulary.
To express yourself clearly,you need a good active vocabulary.That's not just being able to know lots of words — it means actually being able to use them correctly. (1)
Tip：When you learn a new word,try to learn all the forms of that word.
• (2)
People often say that we learn to write best by reading.Reading in English is useful in many ways.It is a great way to get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words properly.
Tip： (3) Learning shouldn't be boring.Read each text several times to make sure you understand how to use new words and expressions in the text.
• Improve your grammar.
Grammar is very important because it improves the quality（质量）of your writing.
Tip： (4) The first time,look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the grammar point you are studying at the moment.
• Just do it!
The best way to improve your writing is to get a pen and paper and write.Be prepared to write several versions （版本） of each text. (5)
A.Know your readers.
B.Read widely and often.
C.Always check your writing twice.
D.Remember,practice makes perfect!
E.Choose books or articles that interest you.
F.Use simpler language and shorter sentences to show your ideas.
G.Do this by learning new words with example sentences,not just word lists.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
It was a bitter winter morning in Kennewick，Washington.John Lunceford saw a crying child along his bus(21)to school.Tears rolled down the young boy's cheeks as his bare（裸露） hands and ears were(22)red because of the bitter cold.Lunceford took his(23)off，which he gave to the child，and said，" It' ll be OK.""I'ma grandfather.No one wants a kid to(24)like that，" Lunceford said.His heart(25)because of the poor child，knowing the(26)winter was still lying ahead.
After(27)the kids off at school，the three — year bus driver and former （昔日的）US Army soldier went to the(28)to buy ten sets of gloves and hats.He returned to the(29)and determined to find the boy.A school worker(30)Lunceford to the library，where the boy was studying with his class.There Lunceford was surprised to(31)the boy with a new pair of gloves and a hat.
But the little boy was just the(32).Many other students would receive the(33)of their familiar bus driver.He announced to the students in the library that any child found without a hat or gloves along his bus route would be given a set.
One little girl(34)said she didn't have a hat.As Lunceford(35)her a comfortable hat，he smiled and said，"I'll take care of you，sweetie."
21. A. entrance B. duty C. trip D. route
22. A. totally B. generally C. merely D. roughly
23. A. overcoat B. glasses C. gloves D. socks
24. A. work B. suffer C. wait D. behave
25. A. lost B. recovered C. changed D. ached
26. A. latest B. coldest C. hottest D. shortest
27. A. dropping B. taking C. rolling D. sending
28. A. company B. park C. store D. bank
29. A. home B. station C. library D. school
30. A. fetched B. invited C. guided D. followed
31. A. look B. find C. blame D. charge
32. A. center B. beginning C. attention D. end
33. A. comment B. prize C. challenge D. kindness
34. A. immediately B. jokingly C. finally D. obviously
35. A. made B. promised C. handed D. lent
36. The Small Friends Pet Shelter was started by a group of high school students and (1) （ them） parents when they started to see many pets that were left behind after their families (2) （ move） away.Today，there are about 70 cats，50 dogs，three rabbits，and a few turtles (3) （ live） at the shelter.The young people (4) run the shelter work hard (5) （ keep） the place clean，take care of the animals，and advertise the animals so that they can be adopted.
They have already helped to find (6) （ home） for nearly 200 animals.It is hard work，but (7) young people working at the shelter think it is worth it.
So if you find a pet that (8) （ lose），call the young people (9) Small Friends Pet Shelter!And if you want to help out，go and volunteer your time and love.That is what the animals (10) （ real） need most.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. Despite the great difficulties，the rescue team searched ______survivors day and night.
38. He stood on the sidewalk with his hands ______（bury） in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
39. They spared no effort to save the building ______（ date） back to the Qing Dynasty.
40. It's said that the cause of the terrible accident is still under ______（ investigate）.
41. It has been found that parents ' words and deeds have ______ effect on their children.
42. The poster warns people that it's illegal ______（ hunt） endangered animals in the reserve.
43. I'd appreciate ______ if you could help me with the opening speech.
44. The old bridge，built 300 years ago， ______（ sweep） away by a heavy flood last summer.
45. I don't know what time it is now because my watch ______（ repair）.
46. The company ______ we visit today is not the one ______ my father used to work for nearly ten years.
47. The festival will include a ______of activities，such as opera dancing，painting and ______ball games.（ vary）
48. In ______ with last term，my grades have greatly improved，but ______with my classmates，I still have a long way to go.（compare）
49. 购物中心因为一根烟而被烧毁，这让我们感到震惊。
The shopping center was burned down due to a cigarette， ______ made us ______.
50. 他失去了平衡，这使他从自行车上摔下来。
He __________________， making him fall off the bike.
51. 只有当我们学会与自然和谐共存，这世界才变得越来越美好。
Only when we learn to ______the nature ______ the world be better and better.
52. 假定你是李华，你班要举行一个英语学习经验交流会。作为英语课代表，你是老师指定的发言人之一。请你准备一篇发言稿与同学们交流，内容包括：
（1）你的英语学习经验（多看多听多交流）；
（2）对同学们的鼓励。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear classmates， Thank you!
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area部分It's particularly famous for its narrow landforms and excellent waterfalls.（它以其狭窄的地形和极好的瀑布而闻名。）可知，九寨沟以其狭窄的地形和极好的瀑布而闻名，由此可知，关于九寨沟，我们知道在那里可以看到奇妙的瀑布。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Old City of Jerusalem部分As a holy （神圣的） city for three different religions in the Middle East，Jerusalem has always been of great religious importance.（作为中东三个不同宗教的圣城，耶路撒冷一直具有重要的宗教意义。）可知，从文章中，我们可以了解到耶路撒冷是三大宗教的圣城。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area部分Jiuzhaigou Valley was recognized as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1992.（九寨沟于1992年被联合国教科文组织确认为世界遗产。）可知，九寨沟是1992年被确认为世界遗产的；根据Khami Ruins National Monument部分It joined the World Heritage List in 1986."（它于1986年加入世界遗产名录。）可知，卡米国家遗址纪念地是1986年被确认为世界遗产的；根据"Henderson Island"部分关键句"It was recorded in the World Heritage List in 1988.（它于1988年被列入世界遗产名录。）可知，亨德森岛是1988年被确认为世界遗产的；根据"Old City of Jerusalem"部分It was given a World Heritage Status in 1981 and placed on the "World Heritage in Danger List" the following year.（1981年被授予世界遗产地位，次年被列入"濒危世界遗产名录"。）可知，耶路撒冷古城是1981年被授予世界遗产地位，次年被列入"濒危世界遗产名录"，综上所述，对比时间可知，最近确定的世界遗产是九寨沟风景名胜区。故选D。
这是一篇应用文。本文主要向读者介绍了四个观光地点，它们都是世界遗产保护地。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、B、C、B
【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第一段中的One night，Pilar was in a deep sleep when she was woken by her cat Inti.Inti was meowing wildly outside Pilar's bedroom and throwing himself against the closed bedroom door.（一天晚上，皮拉尔在熟睡中被她的猫英蒂吵醒。英蒂在皮拉尔的卧室外疯狂地喵喵叫，扑倒在紧闭的卧室门上。）和下文a fire was burning in her kitchen.（她的厨房着火了。）可知，英蒂用自己的身体撞门是为了唤醒自己的主人，因为厨房里着火了。故选A。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Take the example of Charlotte Lee and her horse，Thunder.One summer night the whole family was asleep with the windows open.（以夏洛特•李和她的马雷霆为例。一个夏夜，全家都开着窗户睡着了。）可知，地震前夏洛特在熟睡。故选B。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第一段中的One night，Pilar was in a deep sleep when she was woken by her cat Inti.Inti was meowing wildly outside Pilar's bedroom and throwing himself against the closed bedroom door.（一天晚上，皮拉尔在熟睡中被她的猫英蒂吵醒。英蒂在皮拉尔的卧室外疯狂地喵喵叫，扑倒在紧闭的卧室门上。）和第二段中的Then she heard a horse running fast towards the house. （然后她听到一匹马飞快地向房子跑去。）Thunder has saved her life.（雷鸣救了她的命。）可知，英蒂和雷鸣都很勇敢和聪明，它们通过撞墙和嘶叫唤醒了处于危险中的主人。故选C。
（4）B.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Without the help of the dolphins，there is little chance that Todd could have escaped.（如果没有海豚的帮助，托德逃跑的可能性很小。）可推知，托德要感谢海豚。A.Doubtful怀疑的；B.Grateful感激的；C.Frightened害怕的；D.Bored无聊的。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是不同的动物救人的故事，这告诉人们：动物和人类的关系很密切，我们应该尽可能多地照顾它们。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】C、D、A、C
【解析】（1）C．主旨大意题。根据第二段中第一行的learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power 学习第二语言有助于增加你的脑力。和倒数第二段的Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible,"he said."You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas 掌握两种语言给了你观看两个世界的窗口，你会超越语言本身，对于不同的问题有更好的理解。可以看出a second language 是中心词，所以答案是C．
（2）D．细节推理题。根据第二段中Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter.This is the area of the brain which processes information 这是大脑进行信息加工的地方。It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles 这就和我们通过锻炼来增强肌肉的作用是一样的。可以知道作者用锻炼肌肉来比喻语言学习对对大脑的作用，使读者能形象的理解这种作用，故选D．
（3）A．细节推理题。根据第五段中Scans showed that grey matter density （密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language （脑部扫描表明学习第二语言的人的大脑灰质层的密度比没有学习的人高）．But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language,the smaller the difference （但是学习的越晚这种不同越小）。可以推断出学习第二语言越早的人他的大脑密度越高，所以选择A．
（4）C．词义猜测题。根据根据划线词所在的句子"A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of "early bilinguals" who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.伦敦大学学院的安德烈•梅切利博士领导的一个研究小组，研究了一群只会说英语的英国人。他们与一组五岁以前学过第二语言的"早期双语者"以及一些后来的学习者进行了比较。"可知，前面应是说掌握第二语言的人，所以bilingual的意思应是people who can speak two languages. 故选C．
文章主要讲述了学习一门外语可以使你的脑力增加。学者们发现，学习外语改变脑力，可以促进你大脑的发运，让你更加的聪明。
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
12~15.【答案】D、A、D、C
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据第一段"Over the last two days in December last year,nearly 30 tornadoes caused great damage across six states—from Arkansas in the south to Illinois in the midwest.More than 100 tornado warnings were issued—the most ever for a day.The tornado in Kentucky caused at least 50 people's deaths,which was described as the worst in this state's history. （在去年12月的最后两天里，从南部的阿肯色州到中西部的伊利诺伊州，近30次龙卷风在六个州造成了巨大的破坏，发布了100多个龙卷风警告，这是有史以来最多的一天。肯塔基州的龙卷风造成至少50人死亡，这被描述为该州历史上最严重的一次。）"可知，文章第一段列举的数字说明美国遭受了严重的自然灾害，造成了极大的破坏，故选D。
（2）A.段落大意题。根据第三段"Different parts of the United States face different types of natural disasters.The west coast is at risk of wildfires,earthquakes,and even volcanic eruptions.The southern part of the country is frequently hit by tornadoes,and the east coast faces the threat of serious hurricanes every year.Midwestern areas near rivers are often flooded by huge floods,and these are the worst floods in American history. （美国不同地区面临不同类型的自然灾害。西海岸面临野火、地震甚至火山爆发的风险。该国南部地区经常受到龙卷风的袭击，东海岸每年都面临严重飓风的威胁。靠近河流的中西部地区经常被巨大的洪水淹没，这些都是美国历史上最严重的洪水。）"可知，第三段主要讲述美国不同地区面临不同类型的自然灾害，并主要介绍美国不同地区的自然灾害，故选A。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段"American weather continues to become more changeable.In 2018，there were 14 weather events that caused over ＄ 1 billion in damage.And in many parts of the country,these weather events could become even more destructive （毁灭性的） because of global warming. （美国的天气继续变得更加多变。2018年，有14个天气事件，造成超过10亿美元的损失。在该国的许多地方，由于全球变暖，这些天气事件可能会变得更具毁灭性。）"可知，美国的天气多变，可能会变得更具毁灭性。故推知美国未来的天气是令人担心的、不容乐观的，A.Controllable可控的；B.Unchangeable不可改变的；C.Pleasant令人愉快的；D.Worrying令人担心的。故选D。
（4）C.标题归纳题。根据第二段"As one of the largest countries in the world,the United States is also one of the most geographically various countries—from deserts to forests to miles of coast line. （作为世界上最大的国家之一，美国也是在地理环境上最多样化的国家之一，从沙漠到森林再到数英里的海岸线。）"及第三段"Different parts of the United States face different types of natural disasters.The west coast is at risk of wildfires,earthquakes,and even volcanic eruptions.The southern part of the country is frequently hit by tornadoes,and the east coast faces the threat of serious hurricanes every year.Midwestern areas near rivers are often flooded by huge floods,and these are the worst floods in American history. （美国不同地区面临不同类型的自然灾害。西海岸面临野火、地震甚至火山爆发的风险。该国南部地区经常受到龙卷风的袭击，东海岸每年都面临严重飓风的威胁。靠近河流的中西部地区经常被巨大的洪水淹没，这些都是美国历史上最严重的洪水。）"可知，本文主要介绍美国地理环境多样化，常年遭遇很多自然灾害，并且不同地区常年面临不同的自然灾害。故文章的标题是美国常见的自然灾害。 A.A serious tornado in Kentucky肯塔基州发生严重龙卷风；B.A weather report from the US来自美国的天气报告；C.Common natural disasters in the US美国常见的自然灾害；D.Tornadoes causing great damage造成巨大破坏的龙卷风。故选C。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国地理环境多样化，天气多变，常年遭受自然灾害，不同地区遭受不同的自然灾害。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】G、B、E、C、D
【解析】（1）G.细节理解题。根据前句To express yourself clearly,you need a good active vocabulary.That's not just being able to know lots of words — it means actually being able to use them correctly 表示"要清楚地表达自己，你需要一个良好的词汇表。这不仅仅是能够知道很多单词，还意味着能够正确地使用它们"，可知表示"要做到这一点，就要用例句学习生词，而不仅仅是单词表"的选项G符合前后的语境，use them correctly 和example sentences 是关联词，故选G。
（2）B.主旨判断题。根据后句People often say that we learn to write best by reading.Reading in English is useful in many ways.It is a great way to get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words properly 表示"人们常说我们通过阅读来学习写作。英语阅读在很多方面都很有用。这是一个了解不同写作风格并了解如何正确使用单词的好方法"，可知表示"广泛而经常地阅读"的选项B符合本段的主题，eading是原词复现，故选B。
（3）E.细节理解题。根据后句Learning shouldn't be boring 表示"学习不应该是枯燥的"，可知表示"选择你感兴趣的书或文章"的选项E符合前后的语境，boring和that interest you 是关联词，故选E。
（4）C.细节理解题。根据后句The first time,look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the grammar point you are studying at the moment 表示"第一次，查找一般错误，第二次查找你正在学习的语法点的错误"，可知表示"总是检查你的写作两次"的选项C符合前后的语境，The first time ；the second time 和twice是关联词，故选C。
（5）D.细节理解题。根据前句Be prepared to write several versions （版本） of each text 表示"准备好写几个版本"，可知表示"记住，熟能生巧"的选项D符合前后的语境，write several versions （版本） of each text 和practice makes perfect 是关联词，故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍提高书面英语水平的简单方法。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】D、A、C、B、D、B、A、C、D、C、B、B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.entrance入口；B.duty 职责；C.trip旅行；D.route 路线。句意：Hogn Lunceford在去学校的路上看到一个哭闹的孩子。根据后文"to school"可知Lunceford是在去学校的路上看到了一个哭闹的孩子。故答案为D。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.totally完全地；B.generally一般地；C.merely仅仅；D.roughly大体上。句意：泪水顺着小男孩的脸颊滚了下来，因为严寒，他赤裸的手和耳朵都被完全冻红了。根据空前"Tears rolled down the young boy's cheeks（眼泪沿着小男孩的脸颊流下来）"和空后"because of the bitter cold（因为严寒）"，可知小男孩赤裸的双手和耳朵全都红了，故答案为A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.overcoat 大衣；B.glasses眼镜；C.gloves手套；D.socks袜子。句意：Lunceford脱下手套给了孩子，说："没事的。"take off意为"脱下"，结合第二段最后一句the boy with a new pair of gloves and a hat 公交车司机送给小男孩一套新的手套和帽子，故答案为C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.work 工作；B.suffer遭受；C.wait等待；D.behave举止。句意：没人想让孩子遭受那样的痛苦。上文提到孩子被冻得耳朵和手发红，可知是遭受痛苦。故答案为B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.lost 失去；B.recovered恢复；C.changed改变；D.ached疼痛。句意：他为那个可怜的孩子感到心痛。根据前后文"His heart …because of the poor child"可知，Lunceford为那个可怜的孩子感到心痛。故答案为D。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.latest 最迟的；B.coldest 最冷的；C.hottest最热的；D.shortest最短的。句意：冬天最寒冷的时候还没到来。根据后文"winter was still lying ahead"冬天应该是寒冷，所以是指冬天最寒冷的时候还没到来。故答案为B。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.dropping掉落；B.taking 带走；C.rolling滚动；D.sending发送。句意：在把孩子们送到学校后，这位担任过三年公交车司机的前美军士兵去商店买了十套手套和帽子。send sb.off"为…送行"，take sb.off "换下"，roll sth.off"复印"，drop sb.off"送下车"。根据后文"the kids off at school"可知是指把孩子送到学校，短语drop sb.off"让某人下车"。故答案为A。
（8）B考查名词及语境理解。A.company公司；B.park 公园；C.store商店；D.bank银行。句意：在把孩子们送到学校后，这位担任过三年公交车司机的前美军士兵去商店买了十套手套和帽子。根据空后"to buy ten sets of gloves and hats可知，是去商店买手套和帽子。故答案为C。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.home家；B.station车站；C.library图书馆；D.school 学校。句意：他回到学校，决心要找到那个男孩。根据后文"and determined to find the boy.A school worker"可知Lunceford买了东西又回到学校，想找到刚才那个男孩。故答案为D。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.fetched去取；B.invited 邀请；C.guided引导；D.followed跟随。句意：一位学校工作人员领着Lunceford去图书馆，这个男孩正在那里和他的同学一起学习。根据后文"Lunceford to the library where the boy was studying with his class"可知一位学校工作人员领着Lunceford去图书馆。故答案为C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.look看；B.find发现；C.blame责备；D.charge负责。句意：在那里，伦塞福德惊讶地发现男孩戴着一副新手套和一顶帽子。根据句意，可知是"发现"。故答案为B。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.center中心；B.beginning开始；C.attention注意力；D.end结束。句意：但这个小男孩只是一个开始。根据后文"Many other students would receive the"可知还有其他的学生得到了帮助，男孩只是个开始。故答案为B。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.comment评论；B.prize奖品；C.challenge挑战；D.kindness善举。句意：其他许多学生也收到了他们熟悉的司机的善举。Lunceford给学生送帽子和手套，是一种善举。故答案为D。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.immediately立即，马上；B.jokingly开玩笑地；C.finally最后；D.obviously显而易见地。句意：一个小女孩立即说她没有帽子。根据前后文"One little girl …said she didn't have a hat."指女孩立即说自己没有帽子。故答案为A。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.made制作；B.promised 允诺；C.handed递给；D.lent借出。句意：当Lunceford递给她一顶舒适的帽子时，他笑着说："我会照顾你的，亲爱的。"根据后文"her a comfortable hat"可知Lunceford递给女孩一顶舒适的帽子。故答案为C。
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一则真善美的故事：善良的公交车司机Lunceford看到小男孩被冻得掉眼泪，于是把自己的手套送给了小男孩。之后甚至去商店购买御寒装备送到小男孩学校，并且向学生宣布凡是没有帽子或手套的都可以获赠一套帽子和手套。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】their
【小题2】moved
【小题3】living
【小题4】who/that
【小题5】to keep
【小题6】homes
【小题7】the
【小题8】is lost
【小题9】at
【小题10】really
【解析】（1）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：小朋友宠物收容所是由一群高中生和他们的父母创办的，他们开始看到许多在家人搬走后留下的宠物。此处用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词parents，故填their。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：小朋友宠物收容所是由一群高中生和他们的父母创办的，他们开始看到许多在家人搬走后留下的宠物。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，故填moved。
（3）考查现在分词。句意：今天，大约有70只猫、50只狗、三只兔子和几只乌龟住在收容所里。此处为非谓语动词作状语，70 cats，50 dogs，three rabbits，and a few turtles与live之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填living。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：经营收容所的年轻人努力工作，保持地方清洁，照顾动物，并为动物做广告，以便他们被收养。此处引导定语从句，先行词为people，在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：经营收容所的年轻人努力工作，保持地方清洁，照顾动物，并为动物做广告，以便他们被收养。此处用动词不定式表目的，故填to keep。
（6）考查可数名词的复数。句意：他们已经帮助近200只动物找到了家园。结合句意和nearly 200 animals可知，此处用名词的复数形式，故填homes。
（7）考查冠词。句意：这是一项艰苦的工作，但在收容所工作的年轻人认为这是值得的。结合句意可知，此处表示特指，故用定冠词，故填the。
（8）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：所以，如果你发现一只宠物丢失了，就给小朋友宠物收容所的年轻人打电话吧！be lost表示"丢失"，结合句意可知，此处用一般现在时表将来时，主语为that，指代先行词a pet，谓语动词用三单形式，故填is lost。
（9）考查介词。句意：所以，如果你发现一只宠物丢失了，就给小朋友宠物收容所的年轻人打电话吧！at表示"在……"，符合句意，故填at。
（10）考查副词。句意：这是动物们真正需要的。此处用副词作状语修饰动词need，故填really。
本文为应用文，主要讲述了由一群高中生和他们的父母创办的The Small Friends Pet Shelter，收留无家可归的宠物。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】for
【解析】search for"搜寻，寻找"，是固定搭配。
故填：for。
尽管困难重重，救援队还是夜以继日地搜寻幸存者。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
38.【答案】buried
【解析】bury"把…插入"，此处是"with+宾语+宾语补足语"复合结构，hands与bury之间是动宾关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。
故填：buried。
他站在人行道上，双手插在黑色大衣的口袋里。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
39.【答案】dating
【解析】date back to"追溯到……，从……开始"，动词短语，不用于被动语态，逻辑主语the building与date back to之间为主动关系，date应用现在分词形式。
故填：dating。
他们不遗余力地抢救这座建于清朝的建筑。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
40.【答案】investigation
【解析】investigate"调查"，under investigation"在调查研究中"，是固定搭配。
故填：investigation。
据说这起可怕事故的原因仍在调查中。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
41.【答案】an
【解析】have an effect on"对…有影响"，是固定搭配。
故填：an。
人们发现父母的言行对孩子有影响。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
42.【答案】to hunt
【解析】hunt"打猎"是动词，that引导的宾语从句中使用了it is+adj.+to do sth句式，it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
故填：to hunt。
海报警告人们在保护区捕猎濒危动物是非法的。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
43.【答案】it
【解析】would appreciate it if ...意为"如果……将不胜感激"，是一个固定句型。
故填：it。
如果你能帮我做开幕词，我会很感激的。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
44.【答案】was swept
【解析】sweep away"清除；一扫而空"，与bridge之间是动宾关系，根据时间状语last summer要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语bridge是单数，助动词用was。
故填：was swept。
这座建于300年前的旧桥去年夏天被一场大洪水冲走了。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
45.【答案】is being repaired
【解析】repair"修理"，与watch之间是动宾关系，根据前文I don't know what time it is now可知，我的表正在修理，要用现在进行时的被动语态，主语watch是单数，助动词用is。
故填：is being repaired。
我不知道现在几点了，因为我的表正在修。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
46.【答案】that/which
【解析】根据句意和结构可知第一空引导定语从句，先行词是the company，指物，定语从句中缺少宾语，用that/which引导定语从句，第二空也是引导定语从句，先行词是the one，定语从句中缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句。
故填：that/which，where。
我们今天参观的公司不是我父亲过去工作了近十年的公司。
完成句子考题的形式为：给定完整的中文句子及结构较完整的英文句子，给出核心单词，空出一个语段要求考生填写。从本质上看，完成句子属汉英翻译，但较之翻译完整的中文句子难度小得多，考生需翻译的语段以1-3个单词居多。
47.【答案】variety
【解析】vary"变化"是动词，a variety of"一种"是固定用法，所以第一个空填variety；第二个空用形容词作定语修饰名词ball games。
故填：variety；various。
节日将包括各种活动，如歌剧舞蹈、绘画和各种球类运动。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
48.【答案】comparison
【解析】compare"比较，对比"是动词，分析句子可知，in comparison with"与......相比"是固定用法，所以第一个空填 comparison；第二个空作非谓语，逻辑主语I与compare之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。
故填：comparison；compared。
与上学期相比，我的成绩有了很大的提高，但与我的同学相比，我还有很长的路要走。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
49.【答案】which
【解析】根据句子汉语提示并分析句子结构可知，第一个设空处引导定语从句，修饰整个主句且为非限制性定语从句，故应使用关系代词which引导；根据汉语提示"让我们感到震惊"，应使用-ed形式的形容词表示"感到震惊的"，即shocked。
故填：which；shocked。
购物中心因为一根烟而被烧毁，这让我们感到震惊。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
50.【答案】lost
【解析】根据句意，横线处所填内容是"失去平衡"，用动词短语lose one's balance；making是现在分词作状语，lose为谓语动词，本句陈述过去的状况，应用一般过去时，lose的过去式是lost，代词与主语一致用his。
故填：lost his balance。
他失去了平衡，这使他从自行车上摔下来。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
51.【答案】exist in harmony with
【解析】根据汉语提示"与...和谐共存"译为exist in harmony with...，结合句意可知，主句应使用一般将来时，故第二空应使用助动词will。
故填：exist in harmony with；will。
只有当我们学会与自然和谐共存，这世界才变得越来越美好。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
52.【答案】Dear classmates，
I'm glad to have a chance to share my English learning experience with you.
First of all，vocabulary plays a significant role in learning English.You should find the best way to enrich your vocabulary.【高分句型一】I suggest reading interesting English books ，listening to your favorite English songs and watching English programs.Secondly，you should not be afraid of making mistakes or communicating with others.In fact，I will take every chance to practise speaking English with foreigners，which helps improve my confidence and spoken English.【高分句型二】（你的英语学习经验）
So，believe in yourself and keep practising，and you'll make great progress in your English learning.（对同学们的鼓励）
Thank you!
【解析】高分句型一：You should find the best way to enrich your vocabulary.
翻译：你应该找到最好的方法来丰富你的词汇量。
分析：本句使用了不定式to enrich your vocabulary作目的状语。
高分句型二：In fact，I will take every chance to practise speaking English with foreigners，which helps improve my confidence and spoken English.
翻译：事实上，我会利用一切机会练习和外国人说英语，这有助于提高我的自信心和口语。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
2022-2023学年广东省茂名市电白区高一（上）期末英语试卷
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
A
If you'd like to go sightseeing，the following World Heritage sites（世界遗产保护地） may be your best choices.
Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area
Jiuzhaigou Valley，which lies in the northern part of Sichuan Province，China，reaches a height of more than 4，800 m，with a series of different forest ecosystems（生态系统）.It's particularly famous for its narrow landforms and excellent waterfalls.Some 140 kinds of birds also live in the valley，as well as a number of endangered plants and animals，including the giant panda.Jiuzhaigou Valley was recognized as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1992.
Khami Ruins National Monument
The city of Khami，which developed after the capital of Great Zimbabwe had been given up in the mid-16th century，is of great archaeological（考古的） interest.The discovery of objects from Europe and China shows that Khami was a major centre for trade over a long period of time.It joined the World Heritage List in 1986.
Henderson Island
Henderson Island，which lies in the eastern South Pacific，is one of the few atolls（环礁） in the world whose ecology（生态） has been untouched by humans.
It is particularly famous for the 10 plants and 4 birds that can only be seen on the island.It was recorded in the World Heritage List in 1988.
Old City of Jerusalem
As a holy（神圣的） city for three different religions in the Middle East，Jerusalem has always been of great religious importance.It was given a World Heritage Status in 1981 and placed on the"World Heritage in Danger List"the following year.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about Jiuzhaigou Valley？ ______
A. It is famous for many ancient objects.
B. Wonderful waterfalls can be seen there.
C. It has been untouched by human beings.
D. It lies in the eastern South Pacific.
2. From the passage，we can learn that Jerusalem ______ .
A. was ruined in the mid-16th century
B. was once business center for trade
C. is a holy city for three major religions
D. has over 140 kinds of birds living there
3. According to the passage，which World Heritage site was most recently set？ ______
A. Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area.
B. Khami Ruins National Monument.
C. Old City of Jerusalem.
D. Henderson Island.
B
One night，Pilar was in a deep sleep when she was woken by her cat Inti.Inti was meowing wildly outside Pilar's bedroom and throwing himself against the closed bedroom door.When Pilar opened her eyes，she saw that her bedroom was filled with smoke.As she escaped her house with Inti in her arms，she saw that a fire was burning in her kitchen.Pilar could easily have lost her life，but Inti would not let that happen.Even though Inti could have escaped the house through a cat door，he wouldn't leave Pilar.
As amazing as this story is，it is not as uncommon as you may think.Take the example of Charlotte Lee and her horse，Thunder.One summer night，the whole family was asleep with the windows open.It was normally very quiet where they lived.Suddenly，there was a loud noise.Charlotte woke up from her sweet dream，and the noise continued.Then she heard a horse running fast towards the house.The next thing she saw was Thunder standing outside her window，neighing（嘶叫）and shaking his head.She knew something was wrong.Charlotte quickly got everyone out of the house before the earthquake hit.Thunder has saved her life.
There are also stories of wild animals coming to the rescue of humans.One animal known to be a friend of humans is the dolphin.Once，Todd Endris was surfing with his friends when he was attacked by a 13 foot（4 meter）shark.In the middle of the attack，a group of dolphins came to his rescue by forming a protective ring around Endris until he could get safely to shore.Without the help of the dolphins，there is little chance that Todd could have escaped.
No one is sure why animals have so often come to our rescue.However，it is clear that humans and animals enjoy a close relationship.It is important that we care for them as much as we can.
4. Why did Inti throw himself against the door？ ______
A. He was trying to wake up his owner.
B. He wanted to get out of the room.
C. He felt bored and was playing by himself.
D. He couldn't find the way out because of smoke.
5. Before the earthquake hit，Charlotte ______ .
A. closed the windows B. was sleeping deeply
C. ran to warn her neighbors D. got her horse out of the stable
6. Both Inti and Thunder ______ .
A. were shy and quiet B. used to make noise at night
C. were brave and smart D. saved their owners several times
7. Which of the following is probably Todd's feeling towards the dolphins？ ______
A. Doubtful. B. Grateful. C. Frightened. D. Bored.
C
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language？
According to a new study by a British university,learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the effect is greater, the younger people learn a second language.
A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of "early bilinguals" who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.
"Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language," said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales,has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. "Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible（灵活的），" he said. "You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas."
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and 34. Reading,writing,and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn,the better. "Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world," explained the scientists.
8. The main subject talked about in this passage is ______ .
A. science on learning a second language
B. man's ability of learning a second language
C. language can help brain power
D. language learning and maths study
9. In the second paragraph, the writer mentions "exercise" in order to ______ .
A. say language is also a kind of physical labor
B. prove that one needs more practice when he（she） is learning a language
C. to show the importance of using the language when you learn the language
D. make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well
10. We may know from the scientific findings that ______ .
A. the earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is
B. there is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesn't know a second language
C. the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people's brain
D. the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time
11. The underlined word "bilinguals" probably means ______ .
A. a researcher on language learning
B. a person who is good at learning foreign languages
C. a person who can speak two languages
D. an active language learner
D
Over the last two days in December last year,nearly 30 tornadoes caused great damage across six states—from Arkansas in the south to Illinois in the midwest.More than 100 tornado warnings were is sued—the most ever for a day.The tornado in Kentucky caused at least 50 people's deaths,which was described as the worst in this state's history.
As one of the largest countries in the world,the United States is also one of the most geographically various countries—from deserts to forests to miles of coast line.While this comes with many advantages,it unfortunately leaves the country easily damaged by all kinds of natural disasters.
Different parts of the United States face different types of natural disasters.The west coast is at risk of wildfires,earthquakes,and even volcanic eruptions.The southern part of the country is frequently hit by tornadoes,and the east coast faces the threat of serious hurricanes every year.Midwestern areas near rivers are often flooded by huge floods,and these are the worst floods in American history.
The governments reviewed the weather event in each state's history that caused the highest number of deaths to determine the worst natural disaster in every state.Thanks to their location and geographic research.some states made preparations ahead of time to avoid mass-casualty （重大伤亡的） weather events.
However,many other parts of the country have been less fortunate,experiencing massive storms and floods.Many such events,like the 1900 hurricane that hit Galveston of Texas,killed so many people that it was impossible to get an exact number of final deaths,especially,during that time.
American weather continues to become more changeable.In 2018，there were 14 weather events that caused over ﹩1 billion in damage.And in many parts of the country,these weather events could become even more destructive （毁灭性的） because of global warming.
12. What do we know from the figures in paragraph 1？ ______
A. Less and less natural disasters hit America.
B. Tornadoes were the greatest threat to Americans.
C. The tornado in Kentucky was the worst in America.
D. America suffered from serious natural disasters.
13. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about？ ______
A. The natural disasters in different parts of US.
B. The earthquakes in the west coast of US.
C. The hurricanes along the east coast of US.
D. The worst floods in American history.
14. Which of the following can best describe American's weather in the future？ ______
A. Controllable. B. Unchangeable. C. Pleasant. D. Worrying.
15. What may be the best title for the text？ ______
A. A serious tornado in Kentucky
B. A weather report from the US
C. Common natural disasters in the US
D. Tornadoes causing great damage
Simple ways to improve your written English Many people think it is really difficult to improve（提高）their writing in English.Don't worry,though.Here are some simple steps that you can take to improve your written English.
• Increase your vocabulary.
To express yourself clearly,you need a good active vocabulary.That's not just being able to know lots of words — it means actually being able to use them correctly. (1)
Tip：When you learn a new word,try to learn all the forms of that word.
• (2)
People often say that we learn to write best by reading.Reading in English is useful in many ways.It is a great way to get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words properly.
Tip： (3) Learning shouldn't be boring.Read each text several times to make sure you understand how to use new words and expressions in the text.
• Improve your grammar.
Grammar is very important because it improves the quality（质量）of your writing.
Tip： (4) The first time,look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the grammar point you are studying at the moment.
• Just do it!
The best way to improve your writing is to get a pen and paper and write.Be prepared to write several versions （版本） of each text. (5)
A.Know your readers.
B.Read widely and often.
C.Always check your writing twice.
D.Remember,practice makes perfect!
E.Choose books or articles that interest you.
F.Use simpler language and shorter sentences to show your ideas.
G.Do this by learning new words with example sentences,not just word lists.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
It was a bitter winter morning in Kennewick，Washington.John Lunceford saw a crying child along his bus(21)to school.Tears rolled down the young boy's cheeks as his bare（裸露） hands and ears were(22)red because of the bitter cold.Lunceford took his(23)off，which he gave to the child，and said，" It' ll be OK.""I'ma grandfather.No one wants a kid to(24)like that，" Lunceford said.His heart(25)because of the poor child，knowing the(26)winter was still lying ahead.
After(27)the kids off at school，the three — year bus driver and former （昔日的）US Army soldier went to the(28)to buy ten sets of gloves and hats.He returned to the(29)and determined to find the boy.A school worker(30)Lunceford to the library，where the boy was studying with his class.There Lunceford was surprised to(31)the boy with a new pair of gloves and a hat.
But the little boy was just the(32).Many other students would receive the(33)of their familiar bus driver.He announced to the students in the library that any child found without a hat or gloves along his bus route would be given a set.
One little girl(34)said she didn't have a hat.As Lunceford(35)her a comfortable hat，he smiled and said，"I'll take care of you，sweetie."
21. A. entrance B. duty C. trip D. route
22. A. totally B. generally C. merely D. roughly
23. A. overcoat B. glasses C. gloves D. socks
24. A. work B. suffer C. wait D. behave
25. A. lost B. recovered C. changed D. ached
26. A. latest B. coldest C. hottest D. shortest
27. A. dropping B. taking C. rolling D. sending
28. A. company B. park C. store D. bank
29. A. home B. station C. library D. school
30. A. fetched B. invited C. guided D. followed
31. A. look B. find C. blame D. charge
32. A. center B. beginning C. attention D. end
33. A. comment B. prize C. challenge D. kindness
34. A. immediately B. jokingly C. finally D. obviously
35. A. made B. promised C. handed D. lent
36. The Small Friends Pet Shelter was started by a group of high school students and (1) （ them） parents when they started to see many pets that were left behind after their families (2) （ move） away.Today，there are about 70 cats，50 dogs，three rabbits，and a few turtles (3) （ live） at the shelter.The young people (4) run the shelter work hard (5) （ keep） the place clean，take care of the animals，and advertise the animals so that they can be adopted.
They have already helped to find (6) （ home） for nearly 200 animals.It is hard work，but (7) young people working at the shelter think it is worth it.
So if you find a pet that (8) （ lose），call the young people (9) Small Friends Pet Shelter!And if you want to help out，go and volunteer your time and love.That is what the animals (10) （ real） need most.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. Despite the great difficulties，the rescue team searched ______survivors day and night.
38. He stood on the sidewalk with his hands ______（bury） in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
39. They spared no effort to save the building ______（ date） back to the Qing Dynasty.
40. It's said that the cause of the terrible accident is still under ______（ investigate）.
41. It has been found that parents ' words and deeds have ______ effect on their children.
42. The poster warns people that it's illegal ______（ hunt） endangered animals in the reserve.
43. I'd appreciate ______ if you could help me with the opening speech.
44. The old bridge，built 300 years ago， ______（ sweep） away by a heavy flood last summer.
45. I don't know what time it is now because my watch ______（ repair）.
46. The company ______ we visit today is not the one ______ my father used to work for nearly ten years.
47. The festival will include a ______of activities，such as opera dancing，painting and ______ball games.（ vary）
48. In ______ with last term，my grades have greatly improved，but ______with my classmates，I still have a long way to go.（compare）
49. 购物中心因为一根烟而被烧毁，这让我们感到震惊。
The shopping center was burned down due to a cigarette， ______ made us ______.
50. 他失去了平衡，这使他从自行车上摔下来。
He __________________， making him fall off the bike.
51. 只有当我们学会与自然和谐共存，这世界才变得越来越美好。
Only when we learn to ______the nature ______ the world be better and better.
52. 假定你是李华，你班要举行一个英语学习经验交流会。作为英语课代表，你是老师指定的发言人之一。请你准备一篇发言稿与同学们交流，内容包括：
（1）你的英语学习经验（多看多听多交流）；
（2）对同学们的鼓励。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
（3）文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear classmates， Thank you!
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area部分It's particularly famous for its narrow landforms and excellent waterfalls.（它以其狭窄的地形和极好的瀑布而闻名。）可知，九寨沟以其狭窄的地形和极好的瀑布而闻名，由此可知，关于九寨沟，我们知道在那里可以看到奇妙的瀑布。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Old City of Jerusalem部分As a holy （神圣的） city for three different religions in the Middle East，Jerusalem has always been of great religious importance.（作为中东三个不同宗教的圣城，耶路撒冷一直具有重要的宗教意义。）可知，从文章中，我们可以了解到耶路撒冷是三大宗教的圣城。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area部分Jiuzhaigou Valley was recognized as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1992.（九寨沟于1992年被联合国教科文组织确认为世界遗产。）可知，九寨沟是1992年被确认为世界遗产的；根据Khami Ruins National Monument部分It joined the World Heritage List in 1986."（它于1986年加入世界遗产名录。）可知，卡米国家遗址纪念地是1986年被确认为世界遗产的；根据"Henderson Island"部分关键句"It was recorded in the World Heritage List in 1988.（它于1988年被列入世界遗产名录。）可知，亨德森岛是1988年被确认为世界遗产的；根据"Old City of Jerusalem"部分It was given a World Heritage Status in 1981 and placed on the "World Heritage in Danger List" the following year.（1981年被授予世界遗产地位，次年被列入"濒危世界遗产名录"。）可知，耶路撒冷古城是1981年被授予世界遗产地位，次年被列入"濒危世界遗产名录"，综上所述，对比时间可知，最近确定的世界遗产是九寨沟风景名胜区。故选D。
这是一篇应用文。本文主要向读者介绍了四个观光地点，它们都是世界遗产保护地。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、B、C、B
【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第一段中的One night，Pilar was in a deep sleep when she was woken by her cat Inti.Inti was meowing wildly outside Pilar's bedroom and throwing himself against the closed bedroom door.（一天晚上，皮拉尔在熟睡中被她的猫英蒂吵醒。英蒂在皮拉尔的卧室外疯狂地喵喵叫，扑倒在紧闭的卧室门上。）和下文a fire was burning in her kitchen.（她的厨房着火了。）可知，英蒂用自己的身体撞门是为了唤醒自己的主人，因为厨房里着火了。故选A。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Take the example of Charlotte Lee and her horse，Thunder.One summer night the whole family was asleep with the windows open.（以夏洛特•李和她的马雷霆为例。一个夏夜，全家都开着窗户睡着了。）可知，地震前夏洛特在熟睡。故选B。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第一段中的One night，Pilar was in a deep sleep when she was woken by her cat Inti.Inti was meowing wildly outside Pilar's bedroom and throwing himself against the closed bedroom door.（一天晚上，皮拉尔在熟睡中被她的猫英蒂吵醒。英蒂在皮拉尔的卧室外疯狂地喵喵叫，扑倒在紧闭的卧室门上。）和第二段中的Then she heard a horse running fast towards the house. （然后她听到一匹马飞快地向房子跑去。）Thunder has saved her life.（雷鸣救了她的命。）可知，英蒂和雷鸣都很勇敢和聪明，它们通过撞墙和嘶叫唤醒了处于危险中的主人。故选C。
（4）B.推理判断题。根据第三段中的Without the help of the dolphins，there is little chance that Todd could have escaped.（如果没有海豚的帮助，托德逃跑的可能性很小。）可推知，托德要感谢海豚。A.Doubtful怀疑的；B.Grateful感激的；C.Frightened害怕的；D.Bored无聊的。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是不同的动物救人的故事，这告诉人们：动物和人类的关系很密切，我们应该尽可能多地照顾它们。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】C、D、A、C
【解析】（1）C．主旨大意题。根据第二段中第一行的learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power 学习第二语言有助于增加你的脑力。和倒数第二段的Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible,"he said."You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas 掌握两种语言给了你观看两个世界的窗口，你会超越语言本身，对于不同的问题有更好的理解。可以看出a second language 是中心词，所以答案是C．
（2）D．细节推理题。根据第二段中Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter.This is the area of the brain which processes information 这是大脑进行信息加工的地方。It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles 这就和我们通过锻炼来增强肌肉的作用是一样的。可以知道作者用锻炼肌肉来比喻语言学习对对大脑的作用，使读者能形象的理解这种作用，故选D．
（3）A．细节推理题。根据第五段中Scans showed that grey matter density （密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language （脑部扫描表明学习第二语言的人的大脑灰质层的密度比没有学习的人高）．But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language,the smaller the difference （但是学习的越晚这种不同越小）。可以推断出学习第二语言越早的人他的大脑密度越高，所以选择A．
（4）C．词义猜测题。根据根据划线词所在的句子"A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of "early bilinguals" who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.伦敦大学学院的安德烈•梅切利博士领导的一个研究小组，研究了一群只会说英语的英国人。他们与一组五岁以前学过第二语言的"早期双语者"以及一些后来的学习者进行了比较。"可知，前面应是说掌握第二语言的人，所以bilingual的意思应是people who can speak two languages. 故选C．
文章主要讲述了学习一门外语可以使你的脑力增加。学者们发现，学习外语改变脑力，可以促进你大脑的发运，让你更加的聪明。
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
12~15.【答案】D、A、D、C
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据第一段"Over the last two days in December last year,nearly 30 tornadoes caused great damage across six states—from Arkansas in the south to Illinois in the midwest.More than 100 tornado warnings were issued—the most ever for a day.The tornado in Kentucky caused at least 50 people's deaths,which was described as the worst in this state's history. （在去年12月的最后两天里，从南部的阿肯色州到中西部的伊利诺伊州，近30次龙卷风在六个州造成了巨大的破坏，发布了100多个龙卷风警告，这是有史以来最多的一天。肯塔基州的龙卷风造成至少50人死亡，这被描述为该州历史上最严重的一次。）"可知，文章第一段列举的数字说明美国遭受了严重的自然灾害，造成了极大的破坏，故选D。
（2）A.段落大意题。根据第三段"Different parts of the United States face different types of natural disasters.The west coast is at risk of wildfires,earthquakes,and even volcanic eruptions.The southern part of the country is frequently hit by tornadoes,and the east coast faces the threat of serious hurricanes every year.Midwestern areas near rivers are often flooded by huge floods,and these are the worst floods in American history. （美国不同地区面临不同类型的自然灾害。西海岸面临野火、地震甚至火山爆发的风险。该国南部地区经常受到龙卷风的袭击，东海岸每年都面临严重飓风的威胁。靠近河流的中西部地区经常被巨大的洪水淹没，这些都是美国历史上最严重的洪水。）"可知，第三段主要讲述美国不同地区面临不同类型的自然灾害，并主要介绍美国不同地区的自然灾害，故选A。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段"American weather continues to become more changeable.In 2018，there were 14 weather events that caused over ＄ 1 billion in damage.And in many parts of the country,these weather events could become even more destructive （毁灭性的） because of global warming. （美国的天气继续变得更加多变。2018年，有14个天气事件，造成超过10亿美元的损失。在该国的许多地方，由于全球变暖，这些天气事件可能会变得更具毁灭性。）"可知，美国的天气多变，可能会变得更具毁灭性。故推知美国未来的天气是令人担心的、不容乐观的，A.Controllable可控的；B.Unchangeable不可改变的；C.Pleasant令人愉快的；D.Worrying令人担心的。故选D。
（4）C.标题归纳题。根据第二段"As one of the largest countries in the world,the United States is also one of the most geographically various countries—from deserts to forests to miles of coast line. （作为世界上最大的国家之一，美国也是在地理环境上最多样化的国家之一，从沙漠到森林再到数英里的海岸线。）"及第三段"Different parts of the United States face different types of natural disasters.The west coast is at risk of wildfires,earthquakes,and even volcanic eruptions.The southern part of the country is frequently hit by tornadoes,and the east coast faces the threat of serious hurricanes every year.Midwestern areas near rivers are often flooded by huge floods,and these are the worst floods in American history. （美国不同地区面临不同类型的自然灾害。西海岸面临野火、地震甚至火山爆发的风险。该国南部地区经常受到龙卷风的袭击，东海岸每年都面临严重飓风的威胁。靠近河流的中西部地区经常被巨大的洪水淹没，这些都是美国历史上最严重的洪水。）"可知，本文主要介绍美国地理环境多样化，常年遭遇很多自然灾害，并且不同地区常年面临不同的自然灾害。故文章的标题是美国常见的自然灾害。 A.A serious tornado in Kentucky肯塔基州发生严重龙卷风；B.A weather report from the US来自美国的天气报告；C.Common natural disasters in the US美国常见的自然灾害；D.Tornadoes causing great damage造成巨大破坏的龙卷风。故选C。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国地理环境多样化，天气多变，常年遭受自然灾害，不同地区遭受不同的自然灾害。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】G、B、E、C、D
【解析】（1）G.细节理解题。根据前句To express yourself clearly,you need a good active vocabulary.That's not just being able to know lots of words — it means actually being able to use them correctly 表示"要清楚地表达自己，你需要一个良好的词汇表。这不仅仅是能够知道很多单词，还意味着能够正确地使用它们"，可知表示"要做到这一点，就要用例句学习生词，而不仅仅是单词表"的选项G符合前后的语境，use them correctly 和example sentences 是关联词，故选G。
（2）B.主旨判断题。根据后句People often say that we learn to write best by reading.Reading in English is useful in many ways.It is a great way to get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words properly 表示"人们常说我们通过阅读来学习写作。英语阅读在很多方面都很有用。这是一个了解不同写作风格并了解如何正确使用单词的好方法"，可知表示"广泛而经常地阅读"的选项B符合本段的主题，eading是原词复现，故选B。
（3）E.细节理解题。根据后句Learning shouldn't be boring 表示"学习不应该是枯燥的"，可知表示"选择你感兴趣的书或文章"的选项E符合前后的语境，boring和that interest you 是关联词，故选E。
（4）C.细节理解题。根据后句The first time,look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the grammar point you are studying at the moment 表示"第一次，查找一般错误，第二次查找你正在学习的语法点的错误"，可知表示"总是检查你的写作两次"的选项C符合前后的语境，The first time ；the second time 和twice是关联词，故选C。
（5）D.细节理解题。根据前句Be prepared to write several versions （版本） of each text 表示"准备好写几个版本"，可知表示"记住，熟能生巧"的选项D符合前后的语境，write several versions （版本） of each text 和practice makes perfect 是关联词，故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍提高书面英语水平的简单方法。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】D、A、C、B、D、B、A、C、D、C、B、B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.entrance入口；B.duty 职责；C.trip旅行；D.route 路线。句意：Hogn Lunceford在去学校的路上看到一个哭闹的孩子。根据后文"to school"可知Lunceford是在去学校的路上看到了一个哭闹的孩子。故答案为D。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.totally完全地；B.generally一般地；C.merely仅仅；D.roughly大体上。句意：泪水顺着小男孩的脸颊滚了下来，因为严寒，他赤裸的手和耳朵都被完全冻红了。根据空前"Tears rolled down the young boy's cheeks（眼泪沿着小男孩的脸颊流下来）"和空后"because of the bitter cold（因为严寒）"，可知小男孩赤裸的双手和耳朵全都红了，故答案为A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.overcoat 大衣；B.glasses眼镜；C.gloves手套；D.socks袜子。句意：Lunceford脱下手套给了孩子，说："没事的。"take off意为"脱下"，结合第二段最后一句the boy with a new pair of gloves and a hat 公交车司机送给小男孩一套新的手套和帽子，故答案为C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.work 工作；B.suffer遭受；C.wait等待；D.behave举止。句意：没人想让孩子遭受那样的痛苦。上文提到孩子被冻得耳朵和手发红，可知是遭受痛苦。故答案为B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.lost 失去；B.recovered恢复；C.changed改变；D.ached疼痛。句意：他为那个可怜的孩子感到心痛。根据前后文"His heart …because of the poor child"可知，Lunceford为那个可怜的孩子感到心痛。故答案为D。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.latest 最迟的；B.coldest 最冷的；C.hottest最热的；D.shortest最短的。句意：冬天最寒冷的时候还没到来。根据后文"winter was still lying ahead"冬天应该是寒冷，所以是指冬天最寒冷的时候还没到来。故答案为B。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.dropping掉落；B.taking 带走；C.rolling滚动；D.sending发送。句意：在把孩子们送到学校后，这位担任过三年公交车司机的前美军士兵去商店买了十套手套和帽子。send sb.off"为…送行"，take sb.off "换下"，roll sth.off"复印"，drop sb.off"送下车"。根据后文"the kids off at school"可知是指把孩子送到学校，短语drop sb.off"让某人下车"。故答案为A。
（8）B考查名词及语境理解。A.company公司；B.park 公园；C.store商店；D.bank银行。句意：在把孩子们送到学校后，这位担任过三年公交车司机的前美军士兵去商店买了十套手套和帽子。根据空后"to buy ten sets of gloves and hats可知，是去商店买手套和帽子。故答案为C。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.home家；B.station车站；C.library图书馆；D.school 学校。句意：他回到学校，决心要找到那个男孩。根据后文"and determined to find the boy.A school worker"可知Lunceford买了东西又回到学校，想找到刚才那个男孩。故答案为D。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.fetched去取；B.invited 邀请；C.guided引导；D.followed跟随。句意：一位学校工作人员领着Lunceford去图书馆，这个男孩正在那里和他的同学一起学习。根据后文"Lunceford to the library where the boy was studying with his class"可知一位学校工作人员领着Lunceford去图书馆。故答案为C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.look看；B.find发现；C.blame责备；D.charge负责。句意：在那里，伦塞福德惊讶地发现男孩戴着一副新手套和一顶帽子。根据句意，可知是"发现"。故答案为B。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.center中心；B.beginning开始；C.attention注意力；D.end结束。句意：但这个小男孩只是一个开始。根据后文"Many other students would receive the"可知还有其他的学生得到了帮助，男孩只是个开始。故答案为B。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.comment评论；B.prize奖品；C.challenge挑战；D.kindness善举。句意：其他许多学生也收到了他们熟悉的司机的善举。Lunceford给学生送帽子和手套，是一种善举。故答案为D。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.immediately立即，马上；B.jokingly开玩笑地；C.finally最后；D.obviously显而易见地。句意：一个小女孩立即说她没有帽子。根据前后文"One little girl …said she didn't have a hat."指女孩立即说自己没有帽子。故答案为A。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.made制作；B.promised 允诺；C.handed递给；D.lent借出。句意：当Lunceford递给她一顶舒适的帽子时，他笑着说："我会照顾你的，亲爱的。"根据后文"her a comfortable hat"可知Lunceford递给女孩一顶舒适的帽子。故答案为C。
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一则真善美的故事：善良的公交车司机Lunceford看到小男孩被冻得掉眼泪，于是把自己的手套送给了小男孩。之后甚至去商店购买御寒装备送到小男孩学校，并且向学生宣布凡是没有帽子或手套的都可以获赠一套帽子和手套。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】their
【小题2】moved
【小题3】living
【小题4】who/that
【小题5】to keep
【小题6】homes
【小题7】the
【小题8】is lost
【小题9】at
【小题10】really
【解析】（1）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：小朋友宠物收容所是由一群高中生和他们的父母创办的，他们开始看到许多在家人搬走后留下的宠物。此处用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词parents，故填their。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：小朋友宠物收容所是由一群高中生和他们的父母创办的，他们开始看到许多在家人搬走后留下的宠物。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，故填moved。
（3）考查现在分词。句意：今天，大约有70只猫、50只狗、三只兔子和几只乌龟住在收容所里。此处为非谓语动词作状语，70 cats，50 dogs，three rabbits，and a few turtles与live之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填living。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：经营收容所的年轻人努力工作，保持地方清洁，照顾动物，并为动物做广告，以便他们被收养。此处引导定语从句，先行词为people，在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：经营收容所的年轻人努力工作，保持地方清洁，照顾动物，并为动物做广告，以便他们被收养。此处用动词不定式表目的，故填to keep。
（6）考查可数名词的复数。句意：他们已经帮助近200只动物找到了家园。结合句意和nearly 200 animals可知，此处用名词的复数形式，故填homes。
（7）考查冠词。句意：这是一项艰苦的工作，但在收容所工作的年轻人认为这是值得的。结合句意可知，此处表示特指，故用定冠词，故填the。
（8）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：所以，如果你发现一只宠物丢失了，就给小朋友宠物收容所的年轻人打电话吧！be lost表示"丢失"，结合句意可知，此处用一般现在时表将来时，主语为that，指代先行词a pet，谓语动词用三单形式，故填is lost。
（9）考查介词。句意：所以，如果你发现一只宠物丢失了，就给小朋友宠物收容所的年轻人打电话吧！at表示"在……"，符合句意，故填at。
（10）考查副词。句意：这是动物们真正需要的。此处用副词作状语修饰动词need，故填really。
本文为应用文，主要讲述了由一群高中生和他们的父母创办的The Small Friends Pet Shelter，收留无家可归的宠物。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】for
【解析】search for"搜寻，寻找"，是固定搭配。
故填：for。
尽管困难重重，救援队还是夜以继日地搜寻幸存者。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
38.【答案】buried
【解析】bury"把…插入"，此处是"with+宾语+宾语补足语"复合结构，hands与bury之间是动宾关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。
故填：buried。
他站在人行道上，双手插在黑色大衣的口袋里。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
39.【答案】dating
【解析】date back to"追溯到……，从……开始"，动词短语，不用于被动语态，逻辑主语the building与date back to之间为主动关系，date应用现在分词形式。
故填：dating。
他们不遗余力地抢救这座建于清朝的建筑。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
40.【答案】investigation
【解析】investigate"调查"，under investigation"在调查研究中"，是固定搭配。
故填：investigation。
据说这起可怕事故的原因仍在调查中。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
41.【答案】an
【解析】have an effect on"对…有影响"，是固定搭配。
故填：an。
人们发现父母的言行对孩子有影响。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
42.【答案】to hunt
【解析】hunt"打猎"是动词，that引导的宾语从句中使用了it is+adj.+to do sth句式，it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
故填：to hunt。
海报警告人们在保护区捕猎濒危动物是非法的。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
43.【答案】it
【解析】would appreciate it if ...意为"如果……将不胜感激"，是一个固定句型。
故填：it。
如果你能帮我做开幕词，我会很感激的。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
44.【答案】was swept
【解析】sweep away"清除；一扫而空"，与bridge之间是动宾关系，根据时间状语last summer要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语bridge是单数，助动词用was。
故填：was swept。
这座建于300年前的旧桥去年夏天被一场大洪水冲走了。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
45.【答案】is being repaired
【解析】repair"修理"，与watch之间是动宾关系，根据前文I don't know what time it is now可知，我的表正在修理，要用现在进行时的被动语态，主语watch是单数，助动词用is。
故填：is being repaired。
我不知道现在几点了，因为我的表正在修。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
46.【答案】that/which
【解析】根据句意和结构可知第一空引导定语从句，先行词是the company，指物，定语从句中缺少宾语，用that/which引导定语从句，第二空也是引导定语从句，先行词是the one，定语从句中缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句。
故填：that/which，where。
我们今天参观的公司不是我父亲过去工作了近十年的公司。
完成句子考题的形式为：给定完整的中文句子及结构较完整的英文句子，给出核心单词，空出一个语段要求考生填写。从本质上看，完成句子属汉英翻译，但较之翻译完整的中文句子难度小得多，考生需翻译的语段以1-3个单词居多。
47.【答案】variety
【解析】vary"变化"是动词，a variety of"一种"是固定用法，所以第一个空填variety；第二个空用形容词作定语修饰名词ball games。
故填：variety；various。
节日将包括各种活动，如歌剧舞蹈、绘画和各种球类运动。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
48.【答案】comparison
【解析】compare"比较，对比"是动词，分析句子可知，in comparison with"与......相比"是固定用法，所以第一个空填 comparison；第二个空作非谓语，逻辑主语I与compare之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。
故填：comparison；compared。
与上学期相比，我的成绩有了很大的提高，但与我的同学相比，我还有很长的路要走。
考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要首先分辨是谓语还是非谓，若是谓语，则要注意时态语态和主谓一致；若是非谓则要考查主被动或是不定式；名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺。
49.【答案】which
【解析】根据句子汉语提示并分析句子结构可知，第一个设空处引导定语从句，修饰整个主句且为非限制性定语从句，故应使用关系代词which引导；根据汉语提示"让我们感到震惊"，应使用-ed形式的形容词表示"感到震惊的"，即shocked。
故填：which；shocked。
购物中心因为一根烟而被烧毁，这让我们感到震惊。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
50.【答案】lost
【解析】根据句意，横线处所填内容是"失去平衡"，用动词短语lose one's balance；making是现在分词作状语，lose为谓语动词，本句陈述过去的状况，应用一般过去时，lose的过去式是lost，代词与主语一致用his。
故填：lost his balance。
他失去了平衡，这使他从自行车上摔下来。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
51.【答案】exist in harmony with
【解析】根据汉语提示"与...和谐共存"译为exist in harmony with...，结合句意可知，主句应使用一般将来时，故第二空应使用助动词will。
故填：exist in harmony with；will。
只有当我们学会与自然和谐共存，这世界才变得越来越美好。
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。
52.【答案】Dear classmates，
I'm glad to have a chance to share my English learning experience with you.
First of all，vocabulary plays a significant role in learning English.You should find the best way to enrich your vocabulary.【高分句型一】I suggest reading interesting English books ，listening to your favorite English songs and watching English programs.Secondly，you should not be afraid of making mistakes or communicating with others.In fact，I will take every chance to practise speaking English with foreigners，which helps improve my confidence and spoken English.【高分句型二】（你的英语学习经验）
So，believe in yourself and keep practising，and you'll make great progress in your English learning.（对同学们的鼓励）
Thank you!
【解析】高分句型一：You should find the best way to enrich your vocabulary.
翻译：你应该找到最好的方法来丰富你的词汇量。
分析：本句使用了不定式to enrich your vocabulary作目的状语。
高分句型二：In fact，I will take every chance to practise speaking English with foreigners，which helps improve my confidence and spoken English.
翻译：事实上，我会利用一切机会练习和外国人说英语，这有助于提高我的自信心和口语。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
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