2022-2023学年广东省广雅中学高一上学期期末英语测试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省广雅中学高一上学期期末英语测试题（解析版），共17页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

本试卷共 6 页，满分 135分。考试用时 90 分钟。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分 60分)
第一节(共 15小题;每小题 3 分，满分 45 分)
阅读下列短文，从 1-15 每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Reading Club Vlunteers Wanted
Grade Level Crdinatrs (协调员)
They are respnsible fr making vlunteers jin in discussins abut reading skills. They answer questins abut the rules f the reading club and try t make sure that all vlunteer teams are having a fun reading club experience. Grade Level Crdinatrs ften serve as readers as well, s vlunteers wishing t jin us must have read with us at least three times. They arrive at 8:30 am.
Training Crdinatrs
They are respnsible fr helping the teachers with new vlunteer training in hw t be better prepared and mre effective in the classrm with the kids. Vlunteers wh have a lve fr public speaking are encuraged t cntact us abut helping as Training Crdinatrs. Training Crdinatrs arrive at 8:30 am.
Site Operatins Helpers
Site Operatins Helpers arrive at 8:00 am. Sme will help t give ut supplies r give bks away t the children. Sme will help t direct the vlunteers t the prper grade level table and sign them in. The thers may help sign the children in and assign(分配) them t their reading club rms. They can ask fr help frm Site Crdinatrs if needed.
Site Crdinatrs
They arrive at 8:00 am and make sure that the facilities, bks, supplies, and vlunteer teams are all ready s that the children can enjy a fun day f reading and crafts(⼿艺). They greet arriving vlunteers and answer any questins. Vlunteers wh are familiar with the reading club are encuraged t cntact us abut serving as Site Crdinatrs.
1. What is a Grade Level Crdinatr required t have?
A. Skills f handling pressure.B. The interest in wrking with kids.
C The ability t wrk independently.D. Frmer experiences as this club’s reader.
2. In which psitin may ne learn mre classrm management skills?
A. Site Crdinatrs.B. Training Crdinatrs.
C. Site Operatins Helpers.D. Grade Level Crdinatrs.
3. What d vlunteers need t d as Site Crdinatrs?
A. Help sign all arriving vlunteers in.
B. Help teachers in teaching reading skills.
C. Prepare the materials needed fr the activities.
D. Guide children int the right classrms.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了读书会招聘四个职位的志愿者。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Grade Level Crdinatr这一部分中“Grade Level Crdinatrs ften serve as readers as well, s vlunteers wishing t jin us must have read with us at least three times(年级协调人通常也会担任读书人，因此有意加入我们的志愿者必须有至少三次与我们一起阅读的经历)”可知，志愿者需要有俱乐部读者的阅读经历。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Training Crdinatrs这一部分中“They are respnsible fr helping the teachers with new vlunteer training in hw t be better prepared and mre effective in the classrm with the kids(他们负责帮助老师进行新的志愿者培训，让他们在课堂上更好地准备和更有效地与孩子们在一起)”可知，Training Crdinatrs可以学习到课堂管理技巧。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Site Crdinatrs这一部分中“They arrive at 8:00 am and make sure that the facilities, bks, supplies, and vlunteer teams are all ready s that the children can enjy a fun day f reading and crafts.(他们早上8点到达，确保设施、书籍、用品和志愿者团队都准备好了，这样孩子们就可以享受阅读和手工的快乐一天)”可知，Site Crdinatrs可以帮助准备好所需的资料。故选C。
B
The 60-ft-tall rcket tk ff in West Texas, sending a grup f six peple int space and giving them a few minutes f weightlessness befre they landed by parachute (降落伞).
Mst f the passengers paid a secret sum f mney fr their seats. But Katya Echazarreta, an engineer and science cmmunicatr, was selected by a nnprfit rganizatin t jin this travel frm a pl f thusands f applicants (申请⼈). The rganizatin’s gal is t send great leaders int space and allw them t experience the verview effect, which was reprted by astrnauts wh say that viewing the Earth frm space gives them a great change in their view.
“Lking dwn, yu see everyne is dwn there, all f ur past, all f ur difficulties, everything — everything is there,” Echazarreta said. “When I came back dwn, it just cmpletely strengthened my wish t cntinue enabling peple f different backgrunds t g int space and d whatever they want t d.”
Echazarreta is the first Mexican-brn wman t travel int space. She mved t the United States with her family at the age f seven. She recalled (回忆说) that she felt uncertain in a new place where she didn’t speak the language and that a teacher warned her she might have t repeat a grade. “It just really fueled me and after that, I just studied harder,” Echazarreta said. Later she was the main breadwinner in her family. She had smetimes up t fur jbs at the same time, just t try t successfully graduate frm cllege.
She wrked in NASA befre and didn’t see ther female engineers like her, which inspired her t ppularize science amng the public. These days, Echazarreta is studying fr her master’s degree in engineering at Jhns Hpkins University. She als has a fllwing f mre than 330,000 fans n TikTk, and hsts a science-fcused YuTube series.
4. Why was Echazarreta chsen t travel int space?
A. She made great effrts t set up a nnprfit rganizatin.
B. She supprted the prject with a big sum f mney.
C. She was cnsidered t be an excellent wman.
D. She was an expert in space science.
5. What was in Echazarreta’s mind after she returned frm space travel?
A. T make wmen scientists knwn t the public.
B. T share the beauty f space n scial media.
C. T encurage the public t learn science.
D. T help mre peple travel int space.
6. Which f the fllwing can replace the wrd “fueled” in Paragraph 4?
A. Beat.B. Drve.C. Cnfused.D. Attracted.
7 What kind f persn is prbably Echazarreta?
A. Inspiring and hardwrking.B. Humrus and utging.
C. Talented and creative.D. Calm and cnfident.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Katya Echazarreta作为优秀代表被选入去太空，返回地球后她开始致力于推广这一事业，以期更多的人能体验上太空。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段二三句“But Katya Echazarreta, an engineer and science cmmunicatr, was selected by a nnprfit rganizatin t jin this travel frm a pl f thusands f applicants (申请⼈). The rganizatin’s gal is t send great leaders int space and allw them t experience the verview effect, which was reprted by astrnauts wh say that viewing the Earth frm space gives them a great change in their view. (但Katya Echazarreta，一名工程师和科学传播者，被一个非营利组织从成千上万的申请者中挑选出来参加这次旅行。该组织的目标是将伟大的领袖送入太空，让他们体验概览效应，宇航员曾报道过这一点，他们表示从太空观察地球会让他们的观点发生巨大变化。)”可知，工程师和科学传播者Katya Echazarreta应该是自己行业内一位优秀的领袖，因此很优秀。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句她说的话“When I came back dwn, it just cmpletely strengthened my wish t cntinue enabling peple f different backgrunds t g int space and d whatever they want t d. (当我回来的时候，这完全加强了我的愿望：继续让不同背景的人进入太空，做他们想做的任何事。)”可知，从太空回来之后，Echazarreta想帮助更多的人进入太空。故选D项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词所在的倒数第三句的后部分“and after that, I just studied harder (而且自那以后，我只是更努力地学习)”可知，老师威胁她要留级反而激励了她努力学习，因此在这几个选项：A. Beat打败；B. Drve 驱使；C. Cnfused 使迷惑；D. Attracted 吸引中。选择B项合适。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“These days, Echazarreta is studying fr her master’s degree in engineering at Jhns Hpkins University. She als has a fllwing f mre than 330,000 fans n TikTk, and hsts a science-fcused YuTube series. (最近，Echazarreta正在约翰·霍普金斯大学攻读工程硕士学位。她还在TikTk上拥有超过33万粉丝，并主持了一个以科学为主题的YuTube系列节目。)”可知，Echazarreta本来就很优秀的还在攻读学位，而且有那么多的粉丝，这说明她很勤奋，而且她所做的事鼓舞人心，让大家备受鼓舞。故选A项。
C
D yu smetimes pay n attentin t yur mm while chatting with friends? If yu’re a teen, that’s fairly cmmn. And new research may explain why s many adlescents (少年) stp listening t their mms’vices.
The researchers studied the brains f 7- t 16-year-ld kids as they listened t things said by their mthers r by unfamiliar wmen. As the kids listened, certain parts f their brains became active. This was especially true in brain regins that help us t pay attentin.
Daniel Abrams a scientist, and his c-wrkers already knew that yunger kids’ brains respnd (反应) mre strngly t their mms’ vices than t strangers’. “In adlescence, we shw the exact ppsite f that,” Abrams says. Fr teens, these brain regins respnd mre t unfamiliar vices than t their mms’. “As a teen, yu dn’t knw yu’re ding this. Yu’re just being yu: Yu’ve gt yur new friends and yu want t spend time with them. Yu take mre ntice f these unfamiliar vices,” Abrams adds.
These areas in the adlescent brain dn’t stp respnding t Mm. It’s just that unfamiliar vices becme mre attractive and then are wrthy f attentin. As kids grw up, they expand ( 扩 ⼤大 ) their scial cnnectins way beynd their family. S their brains need t begin paying mre attentin t that wider wrld. “That’s exactly what it shuld be like,” Abrams says.
The brain seems t adapt t new needs that cme with adlescence. “As we grw up, ur survival depends less and less n ur mther’s supprt,” says Leslie Seltzer, a scientist. “Instead, we depend mre and mre n ur friends and thers at the same age as us.” S while bth teens and their parents may smetimes feel sad abut missed messages, that’s kay. This is hw the adlescent brain wrks, and there’s a gd reasn fr it.
8. What des the research fcus n?
A. The adlescents’ brain develpment.
B. The teens’ respnse t their mthers’ vices.
C. The relatinship between kids and their mthers.
D. The influence f mthers n their kids’ characters.
9. What d Abrams’s wrds in Paragraph 3 suggest?
A. Teens’ mind tends t be attracted t unfamiliar vices.
B. Teens’ brain activity is clsely related t their ages.
C. Teens usually have a bad relatinship with their parents.
D. Teens smetimes have difficulty fcusing their attentin.
10. Which f the fllwing can explain the bvius feature f the adlescent brain?
A. Teens’ great pressure f study.
B. Teens’ wish t live an independent life.
C. Teens’ increasing fcus n new things.
D. Teens’ discmfrt f talking with their parents.
11. What is the authr’s pinin n the change in teens’scial preferences?
A. It can increase their brain activity.
B. It is cnfusing.
C. It leads t failure in later life.
D. It is understandable.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，青少年有时忽略妈妈的声音（话语），是因为在这个阶段，他们的需要探索更广泛的世界，大脑的注意力也更关注不熟悉的声音。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“And new research may explain why s many adlescents stp listening t their mms’ vices.(新的研究或许可以解释为什么这么多青少年不再听妈妈的声音。)”可知，这项新研究关注的是青少年对妈妈的声音的回应。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后三句“Yu’re just being yu: Yu’ve gt yur new friends and yu want t spend time with them. Yu take mre ntice f these unfamiliar vices,” Abrams adds.(“你只是在做你自己：有了新朋友，你想和他们待在一起。你会更加注意这些陌生声音，”Abrams补充道。)”可知，Abrams的话表明青少年往往被不熟悉的声音吸引。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的最后两句“S their brains need t begin paying mre attentin t that wider wrld. “That’s exactly what it shuld be like,” Abrams says.(所以他们的大脑需要开始更多地关注这个更广阔的世界。Abrams说：“这正是它应该有的样子。”)”可知，导致青少年大脑这种明显特征的原因是他们越来越关注新鲜的事物。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“This is hw the adlescent brain wrks, and there’s a gd reasn fr it.(这就是青少年大脑的工作方式，这是有原因的。)”可知，对于青少年社交偏好上的改变，作者认为这是合乎情理的，可理解的。故选D项。
D
One thing that is missing frm mst children’s educatin these days is natural histry. By that, I mean getting ut int nature and digging in the dirt, catching insects and learning the names f animals and trees.
N amunt f bk- r cmputer-based learning can ever take the place f the first-hand experience f messing arund in the wilderness. As bilgist Elaine Brks says in Richard Luv’s bk, Last Child in the Wds, humans seldm value what they cannt name. Children must becme familiar with nature, r else they will nt understand why it needs t be prtected.
But hw des ne teach a child t knw nature? A new series f educatinal bks called Outdr Schl might be able t help. This series includes three textbks, all f which ffer a wealth f facts, skills, and pictures abut the natural wrld t curius children. Titled Animal Watching, Hiking and Camping, and Rck, Fssil, and Shell Hunting, the bks prvide pages fr making bservatins, answering questins, and reflecting (深思) n what the child has learned. Kids will learn hw t identify wildflwers, build a rck cllectin, set up a tent and s much mre.
As a parent wh has been hmeschling my kids fr the past few mnths, these bks have cme in handy. I use Animal Watching as part f their daily lessn plan, requiring my kids t read ne chapter ( 章 ) a day and take part in the activities utlined in the bk. It has becme the highlight f their day. They head utside with the bk and pencil in hand and bserve the cmings and gings f birds and small animals in ur yard r the parks.
The series suits children living in all srts f envirnments. There is plenty f infrmatin abut animals, rcks and shells that can easily be fund in urban parks r shrelines. Outdr Schl des mre than just get kids ut int nature; it prvides them with the tls t explre and understand it.
12. What des the authr stress in the secnd paragraph?
A. Being clse t nature raises children’s envirnmental awareness.
B. Mastering sme basic life skills is difficult fr children.
C. Outdr activities can imprve children’s creativity.
D. Children shuld learn abut nature in fun ways.
13. Hw des Outdr Schl benefit children?
A. It teaches them t draw pictures fr stries.
B. It ffers careful guidance n their schl life.
C. It recmmends sme interesting camping activities.
D. It strengthens their nature educatin with useful methds.
14. What is mainly mentined abut the authr’s kids?
A. Playtime makes them stay energetic.
B. They are under great pressure t study.
C. They are afraid t tuch unfamiliar animals.
D. Reading increases their interest in explring nature.
15. What prbably is the text?
A. A news reprt.B. A bk review.
C. A scientific study.D. An advertisement.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。为了帮助孩子们了解大自然，本文介绍了“Outdr Schl”儿童系列丛书。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Children must becme familiar with nature, r else they will nt understand why it needs t be prtected.(孩子们必须熟悉大自然，否则他们不会理解为什么需要保护大自然。)”可知，作者在第二段强调让孩子们接近大自然能提高孩子的环保意识。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But hw des ne teach a child t knw nature? A new series f educatinal bks called Outdr Schl might be able t help. This series includes three textbks, all f which ffer a wealth f facts, skills, and pictures abut the natural wrld t curius children. Titled Animal Watching, Hiking and Camping, and Rck, Fssil, and Shell Hunting, the bks prvide pages fr making bservatins, answering questins, and reflecting (深思) n what the child has learned.(但是如何教一个孩子认识自然呢？一个叫做Outdr Schl的新系列教育书籍可能会有所帮助。这一系列包括三本教科书，所有这些教科书都为好奇的孩子提供了丰富的事实、技能和有关自然世界的图片。书名为《观察动物》，徒步旅行和露营》，以及《岩石，化石和贝壳狩猎》 提供了观察、回答问题和反思孩子所学的内容。)”可知，Outdr Schl系列丛书用有益的方法加强自然教育。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ I use Animal Watching as part f their daily lessn plan, requiring my kids t read ne chapter ( 章 ) a day and take part in the activities utlined in the bk. It has becme the highlight f their day. They head utside with the bk and pencil in hand and bserve the cmings and gings f birds and small animals in ur yard r the parks.(我把《观察动物》作为他们日常教学计划的一部分，要求我的孩子每天阅读一章，并参加书中概述的活动。这已经成为他们一天中的亮点。他们手里拿着书和铅笔走到外面，观察我们院子里或公园里鸟儿和小动物的来来往往。)”可知，作者的孩子们通过阅读，增加了他们探索自然的兴趣。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中“But hw des ne teach a child t knw nature? A new series f educatinal bks called Outdr Schl might be able t help. This series includes three textbks, all f which ffer a wealth f facts, skills, and pictures abut the natural wrld t curius children(但是如何教一个孩子认识自然呢？一个叫做Outdr Schl的新系列教育书籍可能会有所帮助。这一系列包括三本教科书，所有这些教科书都为好奇的孩子提供了丰富的事实、技能和有关自然世界的图片。).”和最后一段“The series suits children living in all srts f envirnments. There is plenty f infrmatin abut animals, rcks and shells that can easily be fund in urban parks r shrelines. Outdr Schl des mre than just get kids ut int nature; it prvides them with the tls t explre and understand it.(该系列适合生活在各种环境中的儿童。有大量关于动物、岩石和贝壳的信息，可以很容易地在城市公园或海岸线上找到。户外学校不仅仅是让孩子们走进大自然，它还为他们提供了探索和理解大自然的工具。)”可知，作者通过自己让孩子们阅读“Outdr Schl”儿童系列丛书的经历告诉我们“Outdr Schl”儿童系列丛书很好，同时推荐人们给孩子阅读这套书，由此可知，本文可能是书评，故选B。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 3 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ding well in science depends n develping effective (有效的) study skills and learning t participate in class. If yu’ve gt gd study skills in ther curses, yu’ll be able t use them t d well in science.
Read the assigned (指定的) material. When yur teacher assigns yu t read smething frm a textbk, take time t read it befre yu cme t class. If yu dn’t have time t read it well, it’s a gd idea t lk thrugh it s that yu have an idea f what it’s abut. ____16____
Take clear, rganized ntes. The ntes yu take in class will help yu knw what t study between classes. ____17____ Instead, pay careful attentin t any infrmatin yur teacher suggests is likely t be included n tests. Besides, recrding a lecture will allw yu t g back and hear it again.
Refer t varius surces. When studying yur ntes, yu can nt nly refer t the textbks but use Internet searches t deepen yur understanding. ____18____ Fr example, Khan Academy is a gd surce fr many scientific tpics.
Be prepared fr the lab. Many science classes include labs, which are demnstratins (证明) f techniques yu’ve learned. ____19____ Read the instructins fr the lab befre class. Bring all necessary materials t yur lab. Dressing prperly will als be imprtant fr yur success in labs.
____20____ In mst cases, lab experiments are meant t be dne by a grup f 2 r mre students. This means that yu prbably wn’t have time t d the whle experiment n yur wn, and will need t rely n the grup’s effrts.
A. Reread yur ntes after class.
B. Wrk effectively with thers.
C. Dn’t try t write dwn everything that the teacher says.
D. Make sure yu carry ut experiments in a prper and safe way.
E. Yur reprt shuld shw the data yu fund thrugh yur research.
F. Then yu’ll be prepared t answer questins and take part in discussins.
G. Smetimes yur subject matter will be better explained by anther surce
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何在科学课上取得好成绩的方法。
【16题详解】
根据本段主题句“Read the assigned material. (阅读指定的材料)”和空前的两句“When yur teacher assigns yu t read smething frm a textbk, take time t read it befre yu cme t class. If yu dn’t have time t read it well, it’s a gd idea t lk thrugh it s that yu have an idea f what it’s abut.(你的老师让你读课本上的内容时，在上课前花点时间读一下。如果你没有时间好好阅读它，浏览一下是一个好主意，这样你就能了解它是关于什么的)”可知，即使没时间认真阅读老师布置的内容，也要浏览一遍。F项“Then yu’ll be prepared t answer questins and take part in discussins.(然后你就可以准备好回答问题和参加讨论了)”说明了阅读老师指定的材料的必要性，符合语境。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Take clear, rganized ntes.(做清晰、有条理的笔记)”和下文“ Instead, pay careful attentin t any infrmatin yur teacher suggests is likely t be included n tests.(相反，要仔细关注老师建议的任何可能出现在考试中的信息)”可知，记笔记要记重点，而不是把老师说的都写下来。C项“Dn’t try t write dwn everything that the teacher says.(不要试图把老师说的每句话都记下来)”与上文意义一致，符合语境。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据本段主题句“Refer t varius surces.(参考各种资料)”和上文“When studying yur ntes, yu can nt nly refer t the textbks but use Internet searches t deepen yur understanding. (当你复习笔记的时候，你不仅可以参考课本，还可以上网搜索来加深你的理解)”可知，复习笔记时可以参考其他资料。G项“Smetimes yur subject matter will be better explained by anther surce(有时你的主题会被其他资料更好地解释)”与上文意义一致。且下文“Fr example, Khan Academy is a gd surce fr many scientific tpics.(例如，可汗学院是许多科学主题的良好来源)”中Khan Academy就是anther surce的一种。故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据主题句“Be prepared fr the lab.(为实验室做好准备)”可知，上实验课前需要提前做好准备。根据上文“Many science classes include labs, which are demnstratins f techniques yu’ve learned(许多科学课程包括实验室，这是你所学技术的演示)”可知，试验的内容是对之前所学内容的检测，因此需要复习课堂内容。A项“Reread yur ntes after class.(课后重读笔记)”强调要复习，就是在为实验课做好准备，符合语境。且后文的其他准备建议也用了祈使句，平行结构一致。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据后文“In mst cases, lab experiments are meant t be dne by a grup f 2 r mre students.(在大多数情况下，实验室实验是由两个或两个以上的学生组成的小组完成的)”可知，本段主题是：通常，试验需要小组合作完成，而不是靠个人完成。B项“Wrk effectively with thers.(与他人有效地合作)”强调合作，且前面的每段主题句也是祈使句；符合语境。故选B项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 75分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 3 分，满分 45 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In the summer f 2020, I was leading eight junir high kids thrugh the Appalachian Muntains. Fr a yung teacher, that was a lt f ____21____.
When I was a teenager, time in the wds meant ____22____ frm my difficult hme life. The sights and sunds f nature ____23____ the cndemning (指责的) vices I’d grwn up hearing at hme. But I culd never cmpletely ____24____ them, especially when thers were depending n me.
We were having a(n) ____25____camping trip. I used ur hike thrugh the wds t ____26____ the kids and they all were interested. Suddenly, ne f the girls in the grup called ____27____,“Mr. Heim, my cmpass says we’re walking suth.” That was impssible. I’d repeatedly ____28____ ur psitin n the map. I culdn’t be s ____29____ that I was leading my students in the ppsite directin, culd I?
I kept my face calm, but cndemning vices had already _____30_____ in my head. The kids were _____31_____, and their leader had n idea which way t g. What a(n) _____32_____ I was! We’d just started walking again when I saw a hiker. He tld us exactly where we were. Then he _____33_____ us, “Yu’re heading in the right directin. Just keep fllwing this path and yu’ll reach base camp by nightfall.” His wrds made me regain my _____34_____. At that mment, I realized I had t learn t believe myself and nt let my inner barriers (障碍) influence my _____35_____ in the future.
21. A. cmparisnB. satisfactinC. respnsibilityD. failure
22. A. freedmB. tirednessC. safetyD. suffering
23. A. causedB. rganizedC. raisedD. quieted
24 A. think fB. search frC. get verD. believe in
25. A. smthB. cnfusingC. terribleD. unfair
26. A. refuseB. inspireC. describeD. separate
27. A. prudlyB. thankfullyC. excitedlyD. anxiusly
28. A. checkedB. exchangedC. plannedD. translated
29. A. carefulB. unprfessinalC. impliteD. dishnest
30. A. disappearedB. hiddenC. restedD. started
31. A. similarB. bredC. helplessD. suitable
32. A. lserB. actrC. winnerD. expert
33. A. warnedB. intrducedC. admiredD. cmfrted
34. A. healthB. cnfidenceC. regretD. kindness
35. A. hnrB. imaginatinC. judgmentD. pleasure
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者带领孩子们徒步旅行，但是当一个学生认为作者正往相反的方向走时，作者开始慌了，不断谴责自己，但是后来证明作者走的方向是对的，作者感悟到要学会相信自己，不要让内心的障碍影响未来的判断。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于一个年轻的老师来说，这是很大的责任。A. cmparisn比较；B. satisfactin满意；C. respnsibility责任；D. failure失败。由上文“In the summer f 2020, I was leading eight junir high kids thrugh the Appalachian Muntains.”可知，作者带着8个初中生穿过阿巴拉契亚山脉，这对于作者这样一个年轻老师来说是很大的责任，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我十几岁的时候，在树林里的时间意味着从我艰难的家庭生活中解脱出来。A. freedm自由；摆脱；B. tiredness疲劳；C. safety安全；D. suffering遭遇。由下文“ the cndemning (指责的) vices I’d grwn up hearing at hme.”可知，作者小时候在家里经常受到指责，所以在森林里能让他摆脱艰难的家庭生活，暂时获得平静。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大自然的景象和声音消除了我从小在家里听到的谴责的声音。A. caused引起；B. rganized组织；C. raised养育；D. quieted使平静；平息；消除。由上下文“The sights and sunds f nature__3__the cndemning (指责的) vices I’d grwn up hearing at hme.”可知，作者来到森林中，摆脱了家人的指责，所以说大自然的景象和声音消除了谴责声，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但我永远无法完全克服它们，尤其是当别人都依赖我的时候。A. think f想起；B. search fr搜寻；C. get ver克服；D. believe in信任。上文提到作者在受到家人指责时，会来到森林里，大自然的景象和声音消除了谴责声，由but可知，上下文是转折关系，表示虽然大自然的声音和景象消除了谴责声，但是尤其当别人依赖作者时，作者无法克服内心的这些谴责，下文在学生认为作者带错路时，作者内心不断谴责自己也说明了这一点。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们正在进行一次顺利的野营旅行。A. smth顺利的；B. cnfusing令人困惑的；C. terrible可怕的；D. unfair不公平的。下文“I used ur hike thrugh the wds t ____6____the kids and they all were interested.”描述了在森里徒步旅行时，孩子们都很感兴趣，由此可知，野营旅行当时很顺利。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我用我们在树林里的徒步旅行来激励孩子们，他们都很感兴趣。A. refuse拒绝；B. inspire鼓舞；C. describe描写；D. separate使分离。由下文“the kids and they all were interested.”可知，作者用徒步旅行来激励孩子们，他们对此很感兴趣，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，队伍中的一个女孩焦急地喊道:“海姆先生，我的罗盘显示我们在向南走。”A. prudly骄傲地；B. thankfully感激地；C. excitedly兴奋地；D. anxiusly焦虑地。由下文“I was leading my students in the ppsite directin, culd I?”学生认为作者正在带领他们往相反的方向走，即认为作者走错路，所以在焦急地告诉老师，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在地图上反复检查了我们的位置。A. checked检查；B. exchanged交换；C. planned计划；D. translated翻译。由上文“That was impssible.”可知，学生认为作者走错方向，作者认为不可能，所以反复在地图上检查他们所在的位置。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不可能如此不专业以至于把我的学生引向了相反的方向，对吧？A. careful小心的；B. unprfessinal非专业的；C. implite不礼貌的；D. dishnest不诚实的。由下文“I was leading my students in the ppsite directin, culd I?”可知，作者怀疑自己可能把学生引向了相反的方向，所以认为自己不专业，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我保持着脸上的平静，但是谴责的声音已经在我脑海中响起。A. disappeared消失；B. hidden隐藏；C. rested休息；D. started开始。由but可知，上下文是转折关系，虽然作者表面故作镇定，但是内心已经开始谴责自己，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们很无助，他们的领路人也不知道该走哪条路。A. similar相似的；B. bred无聊的；C. helpless无助的；D. suitable合适的。由下文“their leader had n idea which way t g.”可知，作者作为孩子们的领路人，却不知道走哪条路，所以孩子们应该感到很无助，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真是个失败者！A. lser失败者；B. actr演员；C. winner赢家；D. expert专家。由上文“and their leader had n idea which way t g.”可知，作者作为孩子们的领路人，却不知道走哪条路，所以认为自己是个失败者，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他安慰我们说:“你们正朝着正确的方向前进。”A. warned警告；B. intrduced介绍；C. admired钦佩；D. cmfrted安慰。由下文“Yu’re heading in the right directin”可知，作者向一位徒步旅行者问路，徒步旅行者告诉作者，他们正在朝正确的方向前进，这对作者来说是一种安慰，使他们感到放心，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的话使我重拾了信心。A. health健康；B. cnfidence自信心；C. regret后悔；遗憾；D. kindness友善。上文“their leader had n idea which way t g.”提到作者不知道往哪条路走，所以开始指责自己，认为自己是个失败者，在路人告诉作者他们正在往正确的方向走时，作者应该是重拾信心，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那一刻，我意识到我必须学会相信自己，不要让内心的障碍影响我未来的判断。A. hnr荣幸；B. imaginatin想象力；C. judgment判断；D. pleasure快乐。上文提到作者带领孩子们徒步旅行，但是当一个学生认为作者正往相反的方向走时，作者开始慌了，不断谴责自己，但是后来证明作者走的方向是对的，由此可知，作者感悟到要学会相信自己，不要让内心的障碍影响未来的判断，故选C。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 3 分，满分30 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
David Jnes Jr. lves utdr activities. One day, he____36____ (fish) when he heard screams cming frm the river. Within secnds, he fund a by flating in the middle f the river. “I had that sense f urgency that I needed t drp ____37____ I was ding and kayaked (划⽪艇) ver there,” said David.
____38____ was David’s experience in law enfrcement (执⾏) that helped him t stay calm and make the prper decisin during the serius situatin. He quickly saved the child and tk him back t ____39____ (safe) 300 yards away. In an interview, David said, “That kid is really strng and shuld ____40____ (praise). Fr him, t scream as ludly as he culd in that matter allwed him ____41____ (get) help.”
The by later tld the pliceman that he gt separated ____42____ his dad’s sailbat and drifted (漂流) away. And he had ____43____ (cnfident) tld his parent befre that he wuld swim back t shre, but he was nt able t d s due t the ____44____ (pwer) wind and waves. He hped ther swimming _____45_____ (lver) culd learn a lessn frm his experience.
【答案】36. was fishing
37. what 38. It
39. safety 40. be praised
41. t get 42. frm
43. cnfidently
44. pwerful
45. lvers
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了英勇救人的故事：大卫在钓鱼的时候听到尖叫。他前去查看 发现一个男孩飘在湖中间，急忙去救了他。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：有一天，他正在钓鱼的时候听到从河里传来的尖叫声。考查固定句型sb was/were ding when……译为“某人正在干某事这时……”；主语为单数，故助动词be使用三单形式was。故填was fishing。
【37题详解】
考查关系代词。句意：大卫说：“我有一种紧迫感，即我需要停下我正在做的事，划皮艇去那儿。”。分析句意可知，此处动词drp“停止”后接宾语从句，宾语从句中缺宾语，所以用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。
【38题详解】
考查强调句。句意：大正是大卫法律执行的经历帮助了他能够保持冷静，并且能在严重情况时做出适当的决定。分析句意可知，包含了句型it was +被强调部分+that+其他成分的强调句句型，故句首需要使用it。故填It。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：他很快地救下了孩子，并把他带到了大概300米开外的安全场所。分析句意可知，形容词safe“安全的”需要使用名词形式，因为介词t后需要接名词作宾语。故填safety。
【40题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：大卫说：“那个孩子真的很坚强，应该被表扬”。分析句意可知，动词praise“表扬”需要被动语态，因为他和主语that kid“那个孩子是被动关系”，且在情态动词后，故be动词使用原形即可。故填be praised。
【41题详解】
考查不定式。句意：对他而言，在这件事发生时尽最大可能尖叫使得他获得帮助。分析句意可知，动词get“获得”需要使用不定式形式，因为动词allw“使能够”的搭配为allw sb. t d sth.“使得某人做某事”。故填t get。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：后来那个男孩告诉警察他和他爸爸的帆船分开了，然后飘走了。分析句意可知，此处包含搭配be separated frm“与……分离”。故填frm。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：之前他自信地告诉他的父母他将游回岸边，但是因为强风和浪花，他没能那样做。分析句意可知，形容词cnfident“自信的”需要使用副词形式cnfidently，用于修饰动词tld“告诉”。故填cnfidently。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：之前他自信地告诉他的父母他将游回岸边，但是因为强风和浪花，他没能那样做。分析句意可知，名词pwer“力量”需要改为形容词形式pwerful“强有力的”，作定语修饰名词wind “风”。故填pwerful。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：他希望其他的游泳爱好者能够从他的经历中吸取教训。分析句意可知，名词lver“爱好者”需要复数形式，因为空格前有修饰词ther“其他的”表示复数概念。故填lvers。