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2022-2023学年宁夏石嘴山市平罗中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题（重点班）（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年宁夏石嘴山市平罗中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题（重点班）（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
平罗中学2022—2023学年度第一学期期中考试试题
高三英语(尖子班)
满分：150分 考试时长：120分
第I 卷 (选择题，共100分)
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man do for the woman?
A. Ask for leave. B. Repair her car. C. Give her a lift.
2. Which museum did the girl visit?
A. The Science Museum. B. The Nature Museum. C. The Art Museum.
3. Why does the woman come to the man?
A. To pick him up. B. To do the washing. C. To get her container back.
4. What does the woman ask John to do?
A. Clean the kitchen. B. Taste the chicken. C. Cut the chicken.
5. What does the man mean?
A. He is a good cook.
B. He isn’t good at cooking.
C. He likes the woman’s cooking.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What did Amy do on Saturday morning?
A. She went shopping. B. She went jogging. C. She went to the gym.
7. When did Amy go on a date?
A. On Saturday night. B. On Sunday afternoon. C. On Sunday night.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. How much time is left for the man to pick Greta up?
A. 45 minutes. B. 25 minutes. C. 20 minutes.
9. Why does the woman think the man is crazy?
A. He doesn’t have breakfast.
B. He ate the apple in her bag.
C. He’ll buy food at the airport.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What was the boy’s mother doing when he fell?
A. Putting away his toys.
B. Looking after his sister.
C. Sitting in the living room.
11. Why did the boy fall out of the window?
A. He tried to catch his biscuit.
B. He fell out of the broken chair.
C. He pushed hard to open the window.
12. What part of the boy’s body got hurt?
A. His leg. B. His arm. C. His head.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Who does this pen belong to?
A. The man’s son. B. The man’s wife. C. The man’s daughter.
14. What color pen is unavailable now?
A. Purple. B. Black. C. Yellow.
15. How much does the pen with a red leather cover cost?
A. $14. B. $13. C. $11.
16. What will the man probably do?
A. Come again tomorrow.
B. Buy another pen now.
C. Wait for the woman’s call.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Why did the speaker hurry to go to school?
A. He had to borrow books.
B. He was afraid to be late.
C. He rushed to hand in his papers.
18. What was the speaker’s attitude towards the old man?
A. Indifferent. B. Bad. C. Polite.
19. Who did the old man turn to be?
A. The new teacher. B. A famous writer. C. The headmaster.
20. What does the speaker talk about?
A. An exciting lunch party. B. A well-known short story. C. An unforgettable experience.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A
Personalized Day Tour in the Netherlands
Gain close insight (洞察力) into the Netherlands’ artistic works on this private walk tour from Amsterdam, led by a professional art historian. Benefit from your guide’s insider knowledge to create a fully personalized journey. Choose from a vast range of museums, galleries, and attractions across the region, such as the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, Mauritshuis Royal Picture Gallery in The Hague, or Keukenhof Gardens.
Countryside Bike Tour
Cycle away from the urban noise and disappear into the countryside on this guided bike tour, which lasts about 5 hours. Visit a historical windmill, a farmhouse and a factory of Dutch styles. This enjoyable ride takes your small group along the Amstel River, past country villages and green fields dotted with cows. Learn about rural Dutch traditions and history, and finish your tour exploring Amsterdam’s parks including Vondelpark, Amsterdamse Bos and Beatrixpark.
Guided Canoe (轻舟) Adventure
Paddle through Holland’s Waterland area on a canoe from Amsterdam. With an expert guide, travel north to Waterland. Then, board a canoe and paddle around the dreamlike waterways. Enjoy the sound of birdsong and scents of wild plants, and hear about the region’s traditional way of life. Stop for a swim if the weather allows, and visit an island for a picnic of local produce. Numbers are limited to 10 for a small-group experience.
Day Trip to Bruges
Discover the charms of Bruges on this 12-hour trip from Amsterdam. As you travel by bus, learn about the history of Belgium. Explore the city of Bruges, visiting the Market Square, Town Hall, and other historic sights. Experience and learn about the amazing culture of this city, especially about the Church of Our Lady and enjoy a bit of free time before your return to the Netherlands.
1. Which trip is best for an art student?
A. Personalized Day Tour in the Netherlands.
B Countryside Bike Tour.
C. Guided Canoe Adventure.
D. Day Trip to Bruges.
2. What is the main difference among the four trips?
A. Length of time. B. Means of transport.
C. Place of departure. D. Size of group.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A travel diary. B. A guide to Bruges.
C. A history textbook. D. A travel website.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了荷兰首都阿姆斯特丹及其周边的几条旅游路线。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据“Personalized Day Tour in the Netherlands”部分第一句“Gain close insight (洞察力) into the Netherlands’ artistic works on this private walk tour from Amsterdam, led by a professional art historian.”（在阿姆斯特丹由一位专业艺术历史学家带领的私人徒步旅行中，深入了解荷兰的艺术作品。）可知，在一位专业的艺术史学家的引导下，人们可以在这趟从阿姆斯特丹出发的私人步行之旅中深入了解荷兰的艺术品。由此可知，最适合艺术生的旅行路线是A项：Personalized Day Tour in the Netherlands（荷兰个性化一日游），故选A。
2. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，根据“ on this private walk tour ”（私人徒步旅行）、“Cycle away from the urban noise ”（骑自行车远离城市喧嚣）、“board a canoe ”（登上独木舟）和“travel by bus”（乘公共汽车）可知，四条旅游路线所采用的交通方式分别是步行、骑行、乘船和乘坐公交车。由此可知，四条旅游路线的主要不同点在于交通方式。B项“Means of transport.”（交通方式），故选B。
3. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了荷兰首都阿姆斯特丹及其周边的几条旅游路线。由此可推知，文章最有可能出自一个旅游网站。D项“A travel website.”（旅游网站。）最符合题干，故选D。
B
In November, 2021, Preet Chandi, a 32-year-old army physiotherapist(理疗师)，hoped to become the first woman of color to complete a solo unsupported hike across the Antarctic to the South Pole. Chandi announced on January 3, 2022 that she’d completed the 700-mile hike in 40 days. “Feeling so many emotions right now,” said Chandi, via her blog.“The expedition(探险) was always about so much more than me,”reads her January3 update.“I want to encourage people to push their boundaries and to believe in themselves.”
Other women have skied to the South Pole, with Norway’s Liv Arnesen the first in the world to make the trip alone and unsupported in 1994. But Chandi believes she is the first woman of color to do so.“I really hope that this does inspire people; I hope that this would inspire people to push their comfort zones and push their boundaries,” Chandi said.
While preparing for her expedition, which was undertaken as part of her active military service, Chandi became increasingly aware of how much it matters for young people to see someone like her as a role model.“I’m not really the image I think people expect to see. I’m not, even now,” Chandi said, referring to her South Asian background.“I’m told that’you don’t really look like a polar explorer.’”
On her return from the Antarctic, Chandi plans to set up an “adventure grant” for women using half the money raised through the Go Fund Me appeal for her polar trip.“It will be open to women of any age or background,”she said. “It can be for any adventure, any unique adventure they want to do and that is pushing some kind of boundary. It doesn’t have to be a polar expedition. And I really hope that this is something that will continue, year after year after year.”
4. What can we infer from the underlined words in the first paragraph?
A. Chandi was more than proud of herself.
B. The expedition was very difficult.
C. Chandi really wanted to be famous.
D. The expedition was of greater significance.
5. Who was the first woman to hike to the South Pole alone?
A. Arnesen. B. Chandi. C. Scott. D. Byrd.
6. What is the purpose of Chandi’s expedition?
A. To encourage people to join the army. B. To inspire people to set an example.
C. To inspire people to challenge themselves. D. To encourage women of color to explore.
7. Who can get the“adventure grant”?
A. Anyone who wants to explore the South Pole.
B. Any woman who wants to explore the South Pole.
C. Anyone who wants to engage in any adventure.
D. Any woman who wants to engage in any adventure.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。Chandi是一名部队理疗师，她希望成为第一位完成一次穿越南极洲到达南极的无支持的个人远足的有色人种女性，以此来激励人们走出舒适区挑战自我。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。划线句“The expedition(探险) was always about so much more than me,”字面含义为：这次探险的意义远超过我自己；根据第一段“I want to encourage people to push their boundaries and to believe in themselves.”（我想鼓励人们挑战自己的极限，相信自己。）可知，Chandi认为这次探险不只是自己取得了成功，还是为了鼓励人们挑战自己、相信自己，因此有着更加重要的意义。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Other women have skied to the South Pole, with Norway’s Liv Arnesen the first in the world to make the trip alone and unsupported in 1994. ”（其他女性也曾滑雪到达过南极，挪威的Liv Arnesen是1994年世界上第一个在没有任何帮助的情况下独自完成这一旅程的人。）可知，Arnesen是第一个独自远足到南极的女性。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“ I hope that this would inspire people to push their comfort zones and push their boundaries,”（我希望这能激励人们突破他们的舒适区，突破他们的界限）可知，Chandi探险的目的是激励人们挑战自我。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It will be open to women of any age or background,”（它将向任何年龄和背景的女性开放）“It can be for any adventure, any unique adventure they want to do and that is pushing some kind of boundary.”（它可以是任何冒险，任何他们想要做的独特的冒险，这是在挑战某种极限。）可知，任何想要参加任何形式冒险活动的女性都可能得到“adventure grant”。故选D。
C
Another Winter Olympic Games officially came to a close, which means another closing ceremony was held. In each ceremony, there were moments of entertainment, celebration and reflection.
The “Moment of Remembrance” is a very important part of the closing ceremony, and for this year, the theme “A Willow Twig” presents the segment with Chinese characteristics.
The willow twig is a part of the willow tree, and in Chinese, the character for the willow tree is a homophone of the character liu, which means asking a person to stay when bidding farewell. Thus it symbolizes the sorrow of separation.
In ancient days,when two friends part, the traveling party will always receive a willow twig as a gift. The athletes were met with success, disappointments and historic memories, but it was time to depart. For the closing ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics, it was only fitting that the willow twig would be incorporated into the ceremony as the athletes depart to their respective countries.
The performers beautifully interacted with a LED floor to show imagery of the willow one that showed the emotional symbolism of “a bittersweet goodbye”. The theme of “one world, one family” continued to be evident through the Games as 365 different individuals all held a willow branch that represented “the unwavering spirit of remembering the departed through the 365 days of a year”.
The stage then turned into a beautiful shade of green, which was a symbol of the shifting of past negativity into the blossoming of a new day.
The return of spring focuses on moving forward and the positives in a post-pandemic world. It is clear that they hit the right note as the performance will be remembered for a long time to come.
8. What does the underlined word “segment” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Difference. B. Part. C. Role. D. Value.
9. What can we know about the willow twig from the passage?
A. It is always used as gifts in races.
B. It can easily be found in all seasons.
C. It originates from the Chinese character liu.
D. It stands for great sadness of leaving each other.
10. What did the performers do in Paragraph 5?
A. They connected the LED floor with the computer.
B. They decorated the floor with plastic willow branch.
C. They showed the images of the willow on the stage.
D. They played the song of the Winter Olympic Games for the audience.
11. What’s the author’s attitude towards the performance in the last paragraph?
A. Positive. B. Indifferent. C. Doubtful. D. Negative.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。“缅怀时刻”是闭幕式的重要组成部分，北京冬奥会闭幕以“折柳”为主题，呈现了具有中国特色的片段。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“The “Moment of Remembrance” is a very important part of the closing ceremony”可知，“缅怀时刻”是闭幕式的重要组成部分。由此可知，北京冬奥会闭幕以“折柳”为主题，呈现了具有中国特色的片段。由此推知，划线词segment与part(某物的部分（局部）)意思接近。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The willow twig is a part of the willow tree, and in Chinese, the character for the willow tree is a homophone of the character liu, which means asking a person to stay when bidding farewell. Thus it symbolizes the sorrow of separation.(柳枝是柳树的一部分，在汉语中，柳树的汉字与“留”字同音，意思是在告别时请人留下。因此，它象征着分离的悲伤)”可知，柳枝代表着离别的巨大悲伤。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The performers beautifully interacted with a LED floor to show imagery of the willow one that showed the emotional symbolism of “a bittersweet goodbye”. (表演者与LED地板进行了漂亮的互动，展示了柳树的形象，展示了“苦乐参半的再见”的情感象征)”可知，表演者在舞台上展示了柳树的形象。故选C。
11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The return of spring focuses on moving forward and the positives in a post-pandemic world. It is clear that they hit the right note as the performance will be remembered for a long time to come.(春天的回归聚焦于大流行后世界的前进和积极因素。很明显，他们的表现是正确的，因为这场表演将在很长一段时间内被人们记住)”可推知，作者对表演非常认可，持积极的态度。故选A。
D
Octopuses(章鱼) are some of the cleverest animals on the planet! So what makes them so smart? Let’s focus first on their defense mechanisms. Faced with multiple predators(捕食者)—including fish, birds and whales—octopuses are masters of disguise.They can imitate their environment by changing their skin colour.
Without a shell, octopuses are weak and easily hurt physically, and always try to remain hidden in a shelter such as a hole or the space beneath a rock. Some prefer to wrap themselves in shells and small stones, while others transport their shelters in their arms. This is the case for the coconut octopus, which,true to its name, has been observed carrying coconut shells around to hide within in case of danger.
Octopuses are also fearsome predators themselves, and their attack mechanisms are suited to the wide variety of prey(猎物) they consume, including seashells,fish and even other creatures like them. They can use their vision and camouflage skills to hunt, and their arms to explore,touch and taste their environment to seize every bit of food within reach.
Octopuses can also use conditional discrimination, that is, they can change their choice depending on the situation. For example, they can learn to attack an object only in the presence of bubbles. They can also use space learning, and find a hidden shelter by remembering its position. Last but not least, octopuses can learn by watching other octopuses carry out tasks, such as choosing one specific object over another. This is surprising,because they are mainly solitary(独居的)creatures.
Octopuses meet every criteria for the definition of intelligence: They show a great flexibility in obtaining information (using several senses and learning socially), in processing it (through discriminative and conditional learning), in storing it (through long- term memory) and in applying it toward both predators and prey.
12. Which are both predators and prey of octopuses?
A. Fish. B. Birds. C. Whales. D. Seashells.
13. Why do coconut octopuses carry coconut shells everywhere?
A. To change their skin color quickly.
B. To avoid being discovered by predators.
C. To observe the surroundings conveniently.
D. To hide quickly in the shells when in danger.
14. What’s the fifth paragraph mainly about?
A. The excellent memory of octopuses.
B. The strong learning ability of octopuses.
C. The space discrimination ability of octopuses.
D. The ability of octopuses to adapt to the environment.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. The terrible predators.
B. The masters of disguise.
C. Exactly how clever is an octopus?
D. How strong is the learning ability of octopuses?
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。章鱼是世界上最聪明的动物之一，文章讲述了章鱼的特性和聪明的原因。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“ Faced with multiple predators(捕食者)—including fish, birds and whales”（当面对多种捕食者-包括鱼、鸟和鲸鱼时）和第三段“their attack mechanisms are suited to the wide variety of prey(猎物) they consume, including seashells,fish and even other creatures like them. ”（它们的进攻机制适合他们吃的种类繁多的猎物，包括海贝、鱼、甚至其它像它们一样的生物。）可知，鱼既捕食章鱼，又是它们的猎物。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“This is the case for the coconut octopus, which,true to its name, has been observed carrying coconut shells around to hide within in case of danger.”（椰子章鱼的情况就是如此，正如它的名字一样，它被观察到一直携带着椰子壳，以便在在危险时藏在里面。）可知，椰子章鱼携带椰子壳到处走是为了在危险时快速藏到壳里面。故选D。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“Octopuses meet every criteria for the definition of intelligence: ”（章鱼满足聪明定义的所有标准）及后面所指的“They show a great flexibility”（它们展现了很大的灵活性）在“obtaining information, processing it and storing it”（获取信息、加工信息和储存信息）方面，可知第五段主要讲述了章鱼有着适应环境的灵活的能力。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Octopuses(章鱼) are some of the cleverest animals on the planet! So what makes them so smart? ”（章鱼是世界上最聪明的动物之一！所以，什么使它们如此聪明？）及最后一段“Octopuses meet every criteria for the definition of intelligence: ”（章鱼满足聪明定义的所有标准）可知，文章主要讲述了章鱼聪明的原因。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Is Sorting Important When Recycling?
We all agree that we should recycle more at home, in the office or when out and about. ___16___Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling. This is what the process of sorting allows us to do.
___17___And the effective sorting needs to happen first, in our own home and second, in sorting plants to which waste is collected. When you put a plastic bottle in the right recycling bag or bin, you are helping sort recyclables so that the right material can be fed into the right recycling process. If sorting does not happen，a lot of recyclable materials can end up in landfills. It will lead to valuable resources lost from our economy.
___18___For instance, in Brussels consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass needs to be taken to specific collection bins. Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.___19___．
Once recyclable materials are collected from your home, they are further sorted in specialized facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process. ____20____Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically. Today, however, new sorting technologies are being developed in order to speed up the process of sorting but to also cause better results. Exciting technologies using magnets or optical systems are being used to effectively sort materials so more of it can be recycled.
A. For effective recycling we need effective sorting.
B. Packaging at work is the first step towards recycling.
C. This is where different sorting techniques come into play.
D. So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.
E. Collection systems can be very different from country to country.
F. The rest was landfilled or burned even though they could have been recycled or reused.
G. But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste stream.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了在环保方面垃圾回收分类的重要性及如何具体分类。
【16题详解】
根据上文We all agree that we should recycle more at home, in the office or when out and about.（我们都同意我们应该在家里、办公室或外出时回收更多的垃圾）及下文Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling.（因此，可以将它们收集起来并送到正确的位置进行回收）可知，我们都赞同多回收垃圾，但是要回收材料，首先需要找到正确的废物来源。G项But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste stream.（但是要回收材料，他们首先需要找到正确的废物来源）符合文意。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据下文And the effective sorting needs to happen first, in our own home and second, in sorting plants to which waste is collected.（有效的分类首先需要在我们自己的家里进行，其次需要在收集垃圾的工厂里进行）可知，本段在讲述垃圾如何分类。A项For effective recycling we need effective sorting.（为了有效回收，我们需要有效分类）符合文意。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据下文For instance, in Brussels consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass needs to be taken to specific collection bins.（例如，在布鲁塞尔，消费者将塑料包装、易拉罐和饮料纸箱放在设计用于可回收包装的蓝色袋子中；将纸张放在黄色袋子中进行回收；玻璃需要被带到特定的收集箱中）可知，此处列举了布鲁塞尔、维也纳等地的不同收集方法，也就是说不同国家的收集系统可能非常不同。E项Collection systems can be very different from country to country.（收集系统可能因国家而异）符合文意。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.（有些不同的是，在维也纳(奥地利)，市民可以期望他们的纸、金属、玻璃和塑料在一年中不同的星期被分别收集）可知，不同国家的收集系统可能非常不同，因此人们需要了解自己当地的收集系统。D项So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.（因此，市民需要了解其当地的收集系统）符合文意。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文Once recyclable materials are collected from your home, they are further sorted in specialized facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process.（一旦可回收的材料从您的家中收集，他们进一步分类在专门的设施，以确保回收过程的质量）及下文Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically.（传统上，分拣工作要么由工人手工完成，对可回收的材料进行分拣，挑选出要丢弃的材料，要么用机械方法）可知，在专门的设施里，不同分类技术发挥各自的作用。C项This is where different sorting techniques come into play.（这是不同分类技术发挥作用的地方）符合文意。故选C。
【点睛】七选五题型主要考查上下文的理解与推断，虽然文章整体难度一般低于阅读理解，但是却给很多同学造成了很大的心理障碍。七个选项中选五个，比四个选项中选一个，感觉干扰性更大，很多同学在做这个题目时，总有一种眼花缭乱、心烦气躁的感觉，致使往往正确率不高。在这里提醒同学们，首先要克服心理障碍，同时要注意方式方法。其次，注意设空前后的句子，因为这些句子之间是顺承和联系的，所有一定要联系和理解上下文的语境。例如第4小题，根据上文Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.（有些不同的是，在维也纳(奥地利)，市民可以期望他们的纸、金属、玻璃和塑料在一年中不同的星期被分别收集）可知，不同国家的收集系统可能非常不同，因此人们需要了解自己当地的收集系统。D项So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.（因此，市民需要了解其当地的收集系统）符合文意。故D选项正确。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题; 每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every act of kindness starts with something small, something we all can — and should — do every single day.
I’m Will Rubio, one of the ____21____ of BYUtv’s Random Acts show. We take hidden cameras to unexpected places to ____22____ random acts of kindness. We’ve filmed acts ____23____ from building disabledfriendly facilities (设施) for those who are badly____24____ them but can’t afford them to returning a lost wallet.
On Random Acts, it may be a neighbor or a colleague who____25____ a need and sets off an incredible chain reaction of service. ____26____ the story of Emmalene Meyers for example, like many young girls, Emmalene was ____27____ to be a ballet dancer — but her physical disability makes even everyday tasks a(n) ____28____. Instead of seeing a limitation, Emmalene’s friend Lily ____29____ an opportunity. Lily imagined Emmalene’s dream being brought to life onstage and persuaded Random Acts to help make her plan _____30_____.
So, where can you start? The key is to be like Lily: look for an opportunity to make a _____31_____ to those in need, and then take action to make it happen eventually. Being _____32_____ and involved in service is _____33_____ like any other goal you want to achieve. You have to _____34_____ it.
After two seasons of hosting Random Acts, the joy of _____35_____ burdens and brightening lives doesn’t fade. I sometimes _____36_____ Random Acts might lose its feature eventually, but that was far from the _____37_____. When I finally meet the people we’ve been working to _____38_____ and see their genuine shock and appreciation, it _____39_____ me in the feel every time. I cry more than anyone else on the show.
Be that person doing acts of _____40_____ out of the goodness of your heart — be the nice you want to see in the world!
21. A. photographers B. directors C. viewers D. hosts
22. A. expose B. conduct C. arrange D. advocate
23. A. changing B. counting C. ranging D. transforming
24. A. in search of B. in need of C. in defence of D. in favor of
25. A. recognizes B. ignores C. rejects D. abolishes
26. A. Bring B. Take C. Create D. Make
27. A. anxious B. proud C. afraid D. unwilling
28. A. exception B. dilemma C. competition D. challenge
29. A. provided B. seized C. spotted D. missed
30. A. successful B. acceptable C. reasonable D. available
31. A. choice B. difference C. promise D. decision
32. A. generous B. caring C. ambitious D. sociable
33. A. never B. even C. still D. just
34. A. put up with B. make up for C. work at D. bring down
35. A. bearing B. carrying C. reducing D. overcoming
36. A. admit B. realize C. remember D. assume
37. A. truth B. deadline C. destination D. boundary
38. A. accompany B. surprise C. locate D. please
39. A. refreshes B. inspires C. hits D. satisfies
40. A. forgiveness B. politeness C. generosity D. kindness
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过自己亲自录制人们善举的经历，讲述每一个善举都是从一些小事开始的，一些我们每一天都能够而且应该做的事情。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是威尔·卢比奥，BYU电视台《随机行动》节目的主持人之一。A. photographers摄影师；B. directors导演；C. viewers观众；D. hosts主持人。根据下文“After two seasons of hosting Random Acts, the joy of ____15____ burdens and brightening lives doesn’t fade.”可知，作者是这个节目的主持人。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把隐藏的摄像机带到意想不到的地方去曝光随机的善举。A. expose曝光，暴露；B. conduct指导；C. arrange安排；D. advocate倡导。根据下文“We’ve filmed acts ____3____ from building disabledfriendly facilities (设施) for those who are badly____4____ them but can’t afford them to returning a lost wallet.”可知，作者他们录制下来人们的善举并把他们曝光出来。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们拍摄了一些行为，从为那些急需残疾人设施但负担不起费用的人建造有益于残疾的设施，到归还丢失的钱包。A. changing改变；B. counting数数；C. ranging变化；D. transforming转换。根据下文“from building disabledfriendly facilities (设施) for those who are badly____4____ them but can’t afford them to returning a lost wallet.”可知，这里是指他们拍摄的内容从一种情况到另一种情况不等。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：见第3题详解。A. in search of搜寻；B. in need of需要；C. in defence of为...辩护，维护；D. in favor of喜欢。根据上文“building disabledfriendly facilities (设施) for those”可知，建造益于残疾的设施是为那些需要的人使用的。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在《随机行动》中，可能是邻居或同事辨认出了某种需求，并引发了难以置信的服务连锁反应。A. recognizes辨认出；B. ignores忽视；C. rejects拒绝；D. abolishes废除。根据下文“and sets off an incredible chain reaction of service”可知，这些人是知道了人们的需求的。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：以艾玛琳·梅耶斯的故事为例，像许多年轻女孩一样，艾玛琳渴望成为一名芭蕾舞演员——但是她的身体残疾使得即使是日常任务也变成了一项很大的挑战。A. Bring带来；B. Take带走；C. Create创造；D. Make制作。根据下文“the story of Emmalene Meyers for example”可知，这里是指以艾玛琳·梅耶斯的故事为例，take…for example“以…为例”的意思。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. anxious渴望的；B. proud骄傲的；C. afraid害怕的；D. unwilling不情愿的。根据下文“but her physical disability makes even everyday tasks a(n) ____8____”可知，艾玛琳渴望成为一名芭蕾舞演员。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. exception例外；B. dilemma困境；C. competition竞争，比赛；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“but her physical disability”可知，身体的残疾会给她成为芭蕾舞演员带来很大的挑战。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾玛琳的朋友莉莉没有看到限制，而是看到了一个机会。A. provided提供；B. seized抓住；C. spotted看到；D. missed错过。根据上文“Instead of seeing a limitation”可知，这里是指这个朋友看到了机会。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莉莉想象艾玛琳的梦想在舞台上变成现实，并说服随机行动组织帮助使得她的计划成功。A. successful成功的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. reasonable合理的；D. available可用的。根据上文“Lily imagined Emmalene’s dream being brought to life onstage”可知，莉莉是想要成功帮助艾玛琳。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键是要像莉莉一样：寻找一个机会去改变那些需要帮助的人，然后最终采取行动去实现它。A. choice选择；B. difference不同；C. promise承诺；D. decision决定。根据下文“and then take action to make it happen eventually.”可知，这里是指让梦想成功实现。make a difference to“使不同，有影响”的意思。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关心和参与服务就像你想实现的任何其他目标一样。A. generous慷慨的；B. caring关心的；C. ambitious有抱负的；D. sociable善交际的。根据上文“The key is to be like Lily: look for an opportunity to make a ____11____ to those in need, and then take action to make it happen eventually.”可知，从莉莉的事迹上可以看出，作者是要让人们多关心他人。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. never从不；B. even甚至；C. still仍然；D. just仅仅。根据下文“like any other goal”可知，这里用just是起强调的作用，指关心和参与服务就仅仅像任何其他目标一样。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：你必须全力以赴。A. put up with容忍；B. make up for弥补；C. work at致力于；D. bring down降低。根据上文“like any other goal you want to achieve”可知，要想实现梦想，就要致力于那件事情。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在主持了两季《随机行动》之后，减轻负担和美好生活的喜悦并没有消失。A. bearing容忍；B. carrying携带；C. reducing减少；D. overcoming克服。根据下文“burdens”可知，作者他们是要通过这个节目减少人们的负担。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有时候会觉得《随机行动》最终可能会失去它的特色，但是这和事实相去甚远。A. admit承认；B. realize意识到；C. remember记得；D. assume假设。根据下文“Random Acts might lose its feature eventually”可知，这是作者自己想象的可能性。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第16题详解。A. truth事实；B. deadline最后期限；C. destination目的地；D. boundary边界。根据上文“but that was far from the”可知，作者的想象和事实是完全不一样的。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我终于见到那些我们一直努力想要给他们惊喜的人，看到他们真正的震惊和欣赏时，我每次都能感受到。A. accompany陪同；B. surprise使吃惊；C. locate坐落于；D. please使满意。根据下文“and see their genuine shock and appreciation”可知，作者给人们带去了令他们吃惊的意外之喜。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第18题详解。A. refreshes使恢复精神；B. inspires鼓舞；C. hits撞击；D. satisfies使满意。根据下文“in the feel”可知，这里指作者情感上受到了震撼。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：做那个出于内心善良而做善事的人——做那个你想在这个世界上看到的好人!A. forgiveness原谅；B. politeness礼貌；C. generosity慷慨；D. kindness善良。根据上文“Every act of kindness starts with something small, something we all can — and should — do every single day.”可知，作者是要号召大家做一个善良的人。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The number of foreign readers of Chinese online literary works has been over 31.9 million, according to a report. Thanks____41____the government’s support, many Chinese online literature____42____ (company) have been promoting their overseas(海外的) market in recent years.
Many overseas readers even start to write online novels. Logan,____43____young man living in Texas, is a big fan of China’s online literature.____44____ (inspire) by Chinese online literary works, he began to write his own online novels.“My ideas for writing are____45____(main) from Chinese online novels. Classic Chinese literary works,____46____ (include) Journey to the West, are also the sources of some of the characters in my novels,” he said.
“Human beings love stories, and some values of heroes in stories____47____ (share) by people around the world,” a leader of China Literature said, adding ____48____heart- warming stories with ambitious characters and traditional Chinese culture are attractive to overseas readers.
While translation of mainstream(主流的) Chinese books may be____49____ (struggle), English-language readers’ love encourages their own translations. For some Western readers, checking _____50_____(see) if the latest chapter of their favorite online serial(连载小说) has been translated from Chinese into English is the first thing they do in the morning.
【答案】41. to 42. companies
43. a 44. Inspired
45. mainly 46. including
47. are shared
48. that 49. struggling
50. to see
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了近年来喜欢在网络上阅读中国文学的外国读者越来越多，中国的网络文学公司也在努力地搭建平台进行推广。
【41题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：由于政府的支持，近年来，许多中国网络文学公司都在大力拓展海外市场。短语thanks to，意为“由于，幸亏”，符合句意和语境，故填to。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：同上。设空处为名词做主语，前面有many修饰，应用名词的复数形式，故填companies。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：洛根，一个住在德克萨斯州的年轻人，是中国网络文学的忠实粉丝。设空处修饰名词man，表泛指，应用冠词，空后的young以辅音音素开头，故填a。
【44题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：受中国网络文学作品的启发，他开始写自己的网络小说。设空处为非谓语动词，和主语之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Inspired。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：我的写作灵感主要来自中国的网络小说。设空处修饰谓语，应用副词形式作状语，故填mainly。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：包括《西游记》在内的中国经典文学作品也是我小说中一些人物的原型。设空处应用介词形式，意为“包括”，故填including。
【47题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：中国文学的一位负责人表示：“人类都喜欢故事，故事中英雄的一些价值观是全世界人民所共有的。”他还表示，具有雄心壮志的人物和中国传统文化的暖心故事对海外读者具有吸引力。设空处为谓语，描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语some values，谓语用复数形式，故填are shared。
【48题详解】
考查宾语从句句意：同上。分析可知设空处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，也不缺少意义，故填that。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然中国主流书籍的翻译可能举步维艰，但英语读者的爱鼓励了他们自己的翻译。设空处作表语应用形容词形式，struggling意为“奋斗的，努力的”，符合句意，故填struggling。
【50题详解】
考查不定式。句意：对于一些西方读者来说，他们每天早上做的第一件事就是查看他们最喜欢的网络连载小说的最新章节是否已被翻译成英文。设空处作目的状语，应用不定式，故填to see。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题; 每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Now, it’s time to live a better and healthier life. One of the most important things to avoid being ill are to have an active life. People are less active today, with television, computers and video games fill their spare time. As life becomes busier, there is less time for people to cook healthy meal. People prefer to eat which contains more fat and calories than fresh food at home. We eat in restaurants, go to drive-ins or buy fast food at the grocery. Children especial are the ones who feel more attracted to in fast-food restaurants. They influenced by the commercials they see on television. That’s because so many of them are now suffering from eating disorder. The government and parents should take responsibility to change a situation.
【答案】1. are→is
2.fill→filling
3.meal→meals
4.which→what
5.We→They
6.especial→especially
7.去掉to后面的in
8.They 与influenced中间加are
9.because→why
10.a→the
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现代人尤其是儿童的健康饮食问题。
【详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意：避免生病的最重要的事情之一是拥有积极的生活。主语One of the most important things是单数，谓语应用单数形式；全文用的是一般现在时；故将are改成is。
2.考查非谓语。句意：电视、电脑和电子游戏占据了他们的业余时间。with复合结构要用非谓语动词作宾补，且逻辑主语television, computers and video games与fill之间为主动关系，故用现在分词；故将fill改成filling。
3.考查名词的数。句意：随着生活变得繁忙，人们做健康食物的时间就更少。“meal”是可数名词，此处为泛指，应用复数；故将meal改成meals。
4.考查宾语从句。句意：比起家里的新鲜食物，人们更喜欢吃含有更多脂肪和卡路里的食物。本处是eat后的宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，译为“……的东西”，用连接代词what；故将which改成what。
5.考查代词。句意：他们在餐馆吃饭，去汽车影院，或者在食品杂货店买快餐。分析上下文可知，这里应该用They指代前文的people，即人们更喜欢吃含有更多脂肪和卡路里的食物，他们在餐馆吃饭，去汽车影院，或者在食品杂货店买快餐；故将We改成They。
6. 考查副词。句意：儿童尤其更容易被快餐店所吸引。本处应用especial的副词形式作状语，对整个句子的程度进行修饰；故将especial改成especially。
7.考查固定搭配。句意：儿童尤其更容易被快餐店所吸引。feel attracted to sth.是固定短语，意为“感觉被某事物所吸引”；故去掉to后面的in。
8.考查语态。句意：他们受在电视上看到的广告影响。分析句子可知主语They与influence之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，由they可知谓语是复数形式；全文用一般现在时；故在They与influenced中间加are 。
9.考查表语从句引导词。句意：这就是为什么他们中的许多人现在患有饮食失调症。分析可知前句“They are influenced by the commercials they see on television.”是原因，而本句“so many of them are now suffering from eating disorder”是结果，强调结果应用why，表示“为什么”；故将because改成why。
10.考查冠词。句意：政府和家长应该负起责任来改变这种状况。分析句子可知，本处应将冠词a改成the特指前面提到的青少年饮食情况；故将a改成the。
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，读完外教Mr. Brown推荐的一些英文小说后，你的收获很大。请你给他写一封感谢信，内容包括：
1.表示感谢；
2.你的收获；
3.希望得到进一步指导。
注意：1.词数 80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mr. Brown,
I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to you for recommending me some English novels.
The recommended novels, whose languages are beautiful and plain to read, have brought me many unexpected benefits. Having finished reading them, I have built a larger vocabulary, which, in turn, has improved my writing skills. Besides, these English novels open me up to new experiences and perspectives, offering me new information about cultures and societies that I never knew before.
Please accept my thanks once again. I really hope you can provide me with some more guidance on reading English novels.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr. Brown写一封感谢信，感谢他给你推荐的一些英文小说，使你获得很大收获。
【详解】1.词汇积累
①推荐：recommend→ commend
②好处：benefits → advantages
③提供：offer → provide
④感谢：thanks→ gratitude
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to you for recommending me some English novels.
拓展句：I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to you because you recommended me some English novels.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The recommended novels, whose languages are beautiful and plain to read, have brought me many unexpected benefits.(运用了whose引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Having finished reading them, I have built a larger vocabulary, which, in turn, has improved my writing skills. (运用了现在分词的完成时态，which引导非限制性定语从句)
平罗中学2022—2023学年度第一学期期中考试试题
高三英语(尖子班)
满分：150分 考试时长：120分
第I 卷 (选择题，共100分)
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man do for the woman?
A. Ask for leave. B. Repair her car. C. Give her a lift.
2. Which museum did the girl visit?
A. The Science Museum. B. The Nature Museum. C. The Art Museum.
3. Why does the woman come to the man?
A. To pick him up. B. To do the washing. C. To get her container back.
4. What does the woman ask John to do?
A. Clean the kitchen. B. Taste the chicken. C. Cut the chicken.
5. What does the man mean?
A. He is a good cook.
B. He isn’t good at cooking.
C. He likes the woman’s cooking.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. What did Amy do on Saturday morning?
A. She went shopping. B. She went jogging. C. She went to the gym.
7. When did Amy go on a date?
A. On Saturday night. B. On Sunday afternoon. C. On Sunday night.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. How much time is left for the man to pick Greta up?
A. 45 minutes. B. 25 minutes. C. 20 minutes.
9. Why does the woman think the man is crazy?
A. He doesn’t have breakfast.
B. He ate the apple in her bag.
C. He’ll buy food at the airport.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What was the boy’s mother doing when he fell?
A. Putting away his toys.
B. Looking after his sister.
C. Sitting in the living room.
11. Why did the boy fall out of the window?
A. He tried to catch his biscuit.
B. He fell out of the broken chair.
C. He pushed hard to open the window.
12. What part of the boy’s body got hurt?
A. His leg. B. His arm. C. His head.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Who does this pen belong to?
A. The man’s son. B. The man’s wife. C. The man’s daughter.
14. What color pen is unavailable now?
A. Purple. B. Black. C. Yellow.
15. How much does the pen with a red leather cover cost?
A. $14. B. $13. C. $11.
16. What will the man probably do?
A. Come again tomorrow.
B. Buy another pen now.
C. Wait for the woman’s call.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Why did the speaker hurry to go to school?
A. He had to borrow books.
B. He was afraid to be late.
C. He rushed to hand in his papers.
18. What was the speaker’s attitude towards the old man?
A. Indifferent. B. Bad. C. Polite.
19. Who did the old man turn to be?
A. The new teacher. B. A famous writer. C. The headmaster.
20. What does the speaker talk about?
A. An exciting lunch party. B. A well-known short story. C. An unforgettable experience.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A
Personalized Day Tour in the Netherlands
Gain close insight (洞察力) into the Netherlands’ artistic works on this private walk tour from Amsterdam, led by a professional art historian. Benefit from your guide’s insider knowledge to create a fully personalized journey. Choose from a vast range of museums, galleries, and attractions across the region, such as the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, Mauritshuis Royal Picture Gallery in The Hague, or Keukenhof Gardens.
Countryside Bike Tour
Cycle away from the urban noise and disappear into the countryside on this guided bike tour, which lasts about 5 hours. Visit a historical windmill, a farmhouse and a factory of Dutch styles. This enjoyable ride takes your small group along the Amstel River, past country villages and green fields dotted with cows. Learn about rural Dutch traditions and history, and finish your tour exploring Amsterdam’s parks including Vondelpark, Amsterdamse Bos and Beatrixpark.
Guided Canoe (轻舟) Adventure
Paddle through Holland’s Waterland area on a canoe from Amsterdam. With an expert guide, travel north to Waterland. Then, board a canoe and paddle around the dreamlike waterways. Enjoy the sound of birdsong and scents of wild plants, and hear about the region’s traditional way of life. Stop for a swim if the weather allows, and visit an island for a picnic of local produce. Numbers are limited to 10 for a small-group experience.
Day Trip to Bruges
Discover the charms of Bruges on this 12-hour trip from Amsterdam. As you travel by bus, learn about the history of Belgium. Explore the city of Bruges, visiting the Market Square, Town Hall, and other historic sights. Experience and learn about the amazing culture of this city, especially about the Church of Our Lady and enjoy a bit of free time before your return to the Netherlands.
1. Which trip is best for an art student?
A. Personalized Day Tour in the Netherlands.
B Countryside Bike Tour.
C. Guided Canoe Adventure.
D. Day Trip to Bruges.
2. What is the main difference among the four trips?
A. Length of time. B. Means of transport.
C. Place of departure. D. Size of group.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A travel diary. B. A guide to Bruges.
C. A history textbook. D. A travel website.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了荷兰首都阿姆斯特丹及其周边的几条旅游路线。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据“Personalized Day Tour in the Netherlands”部分第一句“Gain close insight (洞察力) into the Netherlands’ artistic works on this private walk tour from Amsterdam, led by a professional art historian.”（在阿姆斯特丹由一位专业艺术历史学家带领的私人徒步旅行中，深入了解荷兰的艺术作品。）可知，在一位专业的艺术史学家的引导下，人们可以在这趟从阿姆斯特丹出发的私人步行之旅中深入了解荷兰的艺术品。由此可知，最适合艺术生的旅行路线是A项：Personalized Day Tour in the Netherlands（荷兰个性化一日游），故选A。
2. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，根据“ on this private walk tour ”（私人徒步旅行）、“Cycle away from the urban noise ”（骑自行车远离城市喧嚣）、“board a canoe ”（登上独木舟）和“travel by bus”（乘公共汽车）可知，四条旅游路线所采用的交通方式分别是步行、骑行、乘船和乘坐公交车。由此可知，四条旅游路线的主要不同点在于交通方式。B项“Means of transport.”（交通方式），故选B。
3. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了荷兰首都阿姆斯特丹及其周边的几条旅游路线。由此可推知，文章最有可能出自一个旅游网站。D项“A travel website.”（旅游网站。）最符合题干，故选D。
B
In November, 2021, Preet Chandi, a 32-year-old army physiotherapist(理疗师)，hoped to become the first woman of color to complete a solo unsupported hike across the Antarctic to the South Pole. Chandi announced on January 3, 2022 that she’d completed the 700-mile hike in 40 days. “Feeling so many emotions right now,” said Chandi, via her blog.“The expedition(探险) was always about so much more than me,”reads her January3 update.“I want to encourage people to push their boundaries and to believe in themselves.”
Other women have skied to the South Pole, with Norway’s Liv Arnesen the first in the world to make the trip alone and unsupported in 1994. But Chandi believes she is the first woman of color to do so.“I really hope that this does inspire people; I hope that this would inspire people to push their comfort zones and push their boundaries,” Chandi said.
While preparing for her expedition, which was undertaken as part of her active military service, Chandi became increasingly aware of how much it matters for young people to see someone like her as a role model.“I’m not really the image I think people expect to see. I’m not, even now,” Chandi said, referring to her South Asian background.“I’m told that’you don’t really look like a polar explorer.’”
On her return from the Antarctic, Chandi plans to set up an “adventure grant” for women using half the money raised through the Go Fund Me appeal for her polar trip.“It will be open to women of any age or background,”she said. “It can be for any adventure, any unique adventure they want to do and that is pushing some kind of boundary. It doesn’t have to be a polar expedition. And I really hope that this is something that will continue, year after year after year.”
4. What can we infer from the underlined words in the first paragraph?
A. Chandi was more than proud of herself.
B. The expedition was very difficult.
C. Chandi really wanted to be famous.
D. The expedition was of greater significance.
5. Who was the first woman to hike to the South Pole alone?
A. Arnesen. B. Chandi. C. Scott. D. Byrd.
6. What is the purpose of Chandi’s expedition?
A. To encourage people to join the army. B. To inspire people to set an example.
C. To inspire people to challenge themselves. D. To encourage women of color to explore.
7. Who can get the“adventure grant”?
A. Anyone who wants to explore the South Pole.
B. Any woman who wants to explore the South Pole.
C. Anyone who wants to engage in any adventure.
D. Any woman who wants to engage in any adventure.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。Chandi是一名部队理疗师，她希望成为第一位完成一次穿越南极洲到达南极的无支持的个人远足的有色人种女性，以此来激励人们走出舒适区挑战自我。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。划线句“The expedition(探险) was always about so much more than me,”字面含义为：这次探险的意义远超过我自己；根据第一段“I want to encourage people to push their boundaries and to believe in themselves.”（我想鼓励人们挑战自己的极限，相信自己。）可知，Chandi认为这次探险不只是自己取得了成功，还是为了鼓励人们挑战自己、相信自己，因此有着更加重要的意义。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Other women have skied to the South Pole, with Norway’s Liv Arnesen the first in the world to make the trip alone and unsupported in 1994. ”（其他女性也曾滑雪到达过南极，挪威的Liv Arnesen是1994年世界上第一个在没有任何帮助的情况下独自完成这一旅程的人。）可知，Arnesen是第一个独自远足到南极的女性。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“ I hope that this would inspire people to push their comfort zones and push their boundaries,”（我希望这能激励人们突破他们的舒适区，突破他们的界限）可知，Chandi探险的目的是激励人们挑战自我。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It will be open to women of any age or background,”（它将向任何年龄和背景的女性开放）“It can be for any adventure, any unique adventure they want to do and that is pushing some kind of boundary.”（它可以是任何冒险，任何他们想要做的独特的冒险，这是在挑战某种极限。）可知，任何想要参加任何形式冒险活动的女性都可能得到“adventure grant”。故选D。
C
Another Winter Olympic Games officially came to a close, which means another closing ceremony was held. In each ceremony, there were moments of entertainment, celebration and reflection.
The “Moment of Remembrance” is a very important part of the closing ceremony, and for this year, the theme “A Willow Twig” presents the segment with Chinese characteristics.
The willow twig is a part of the willow tree, and in Chinese, the character for the willow tree is a homophone of the character liu, which means asking a person to stay when bidding farewell. Thus it symbolizes the sorrow of separation.
In ancient days,when two friends part, the traveling party will always receive a willow twig as a gift. The athletes were met with success, disappointments and historic memories, but it was time to depart. For the closing ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympics, it was only fitting that the willow twig would be incorporated into the ceremony as the athletes depart to their respective countries.
The performers beautifully interacted with a LED floor to show imagery of the willow one that showed the emotional symbolism of “a bittersweet goodbye”. The theme of “one world, one family” continued to be evident through the Games as 365 different individuals all held a willow branch that represented “the unwavering spirit of remembering the departed through the 365 days of a year”.
The stage then turned into a beautiful shade of green, which was a symbol of the shifting of past negativity into the blossoming of a new day.
The return of spring focuses on moving forward and the positives in a post-pandemic world. It is clear that they hit the right note as the performance will be remembered for a long time to come.
8. What does the underlined word “segment” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Difference. B. Part. C. Role. D. Value.
9. What can we know about the willow twig from the passage?
A. It is always used as gifts in races.
B. It can easily be found in all seasons.
C. It originates from the Chinese character liu.
D. It stands for great sadness of leaving each other.
10. What did the performers do in Paragraph 5?
A. They connected the LED floor with the computer.
B. They decorated the floor with plastic willow branch.
C. They showed the images of the willow on the stage.
D. They played the song of the Winter Olympic Games for the audience.
11. What’s the author’s attitude towards the performance in the last paragraph?
A. Positive. B. Indifferent. C. Doubtful. D. Negative.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。“缅怀时刻”是闭幕式的重要组成部分，北京冬奥会闭幕以“折柳”为主题，呈现了具有中国特色的片段。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“The “Moment of Remembrance” is a very important part of the closing ceremony”可知，“缅怀时刻”是闭幕式的重要组成部分。由此可知，北京冬奥会闭幕以“折柳”为主题，呈现了具有中国特色的片段。由此推知，划线词segment与part(某物的部分（局部）)意思接近。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The willow twig is a part of the willow tree, and in Chinese, the character for the willow tree is a homophone of the character liu, which means asking a person to stay when bidding farewell. Thus it symbolizes the sorrow of separation.(柳枝是柳树的一部分，在汉语中，柳树的汉字与“留”字同音，意思是在告别时请人留下。因此，它象征着分离的悲伤)”可知，柳枝代表着离别的巨大悲伤。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The performers beautifully interacted with a LED floor to show imagery of the willow one that showed the emotional symbolism of “a bittersweet goodbye”. (表演者与LED地板进行了漂亮的互动，展示了柳树的形象，展示了“苦乐参半的再见”的情感象征)”可知，表演者在舞台上展示了柳树的形象。故选C。
11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The return of spring focuses on moving forward and the positives in a post-pandemic world. It is clear that they hit the right note as the performance will be remembered for a long time to come.(春天的回归聚焦于大流行后世界的前进和积极因素。很明显，他们的表现是正确的，因为这场表演将在很长一段时间内被人们记住)”可推知，作者对表演非常认可，持积极的态度。故选A。
D
Octopuses(章鱼) are some of the cleverest animals on the planet! So what makes them so smart? Let’s focus first on their defense mechanisms. Faced with multiple predators(捕食者)—including fish, birds and whales—octopuses are masters of disguise.They can imitate their environment by changing their skin colour.
Without a shell, octopuses are weak and easily hurt physically, and always try to remain hidden in a shelter such as a hole or the space beneath a rock. Some prefer to wrap themselves in shells and small stones, while others transport their shelters in their arms. This is the case for the coconut octopus, which,true to its name, has been observed carrying coconut shells around to hide within in case of danger.
Octopuses are also fearsome predators themselves, and their attack mechanisms are suited to the wide variety of prey(猎物) they consume, including seashells,fish and even other creatures like them. They can use their vision and camouflage skills to hunt, and their arms to explore,touch and taste their environment to seize every bit of food within reach.
Octopuses can also use conditional discrimination, that is, they can change their choice depending on the situation. For example, they can learn to attack an object only in the presence of bubbles. They can also use space learning, and find a hidden shelter by remembering its position. Last but not least, octopuses can learn by watching other octopuses carry out tasks, such as choosing one specific object over another. This is surprising,because they are mainly solitary(独居的)creatures.
Octopuses meet every criteria for the definition of intelligence: They show a great flexibility in obtaining information (using several senses and learning socially), in processing it (through discriminative and conditional learning), in storing it (through long- term memory) and in applying it toward both predators and prey.
12. Which are both predators and prey of octopuses?
A. Fish. B. Birds. C. Whales. D. Seashells.
13. Why do coconut octopuses carry coconut shells everywhere?
A. To change their skin color quickly.
B. To avoid being discovered by predators.
C. To observe the surroundings conveniently.
D. To hide quickly in the shells when in danger.
14. What’s the fifth paragraph mainly about?
A. The excellent memory of octopuses.
B. The strong learning ability of octopuses.
C. The space discrimination ability of octopuses.
D. The ability of octopuses to adapt to the environment.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. The terrible predators.
B. The masters of disguise.
C. Exactly how clever is an octopus?
D. How strong is the learning ability of octopuses?
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。章鱼是世界上最聪明的动物之一，文章讲述了章鱼的特性和聪明的原因。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“ Faced with multiple predators(捕食者)—including fish, birds and whales”（当面对多种捕食者-包括鱼、鸟和鲸鱼时）和第三段“their attack mechanisms are suited to the wide variety of prey(猎物) they consume, including seashells,fish and even other creatures like them. ”（它们的进攻机制适合他们吃的种类繁多的猎物，包括海贝、鱼、甚至其它像它们一样的生物。）可知，鱼既捕食章鱼，又是它们的猎物。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“This is the case for the coconut octopus, which,true to its name, has been observed carrying coconut shells around to hide within in case of danger.”（椰子章鱼的情况就是如此，正如它的名字一样，它被观察到一直携带着椰子壳，以便在在危险时藏在里面。）可知，椰子章鱼携带椰子壳到处走是为了在危险时快速藏到壳里面。故选D。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“Octopuses meet every criteria for the definition of intelligence: ”（章鱼满足聪明定义的所有标准）及后面所指的“They show a great flexibility”（它们展现了很大的灵活性）在“obtaining information, processing it and storing it”（获取信息、加工信息和储存信息）方面，可知第五段主要讲述了章鱼有着适应环境的灵活的能力。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Octopuses(章鱼) are some of the cleverest animals on the planet! So what makes them so smart? ”（章鱼是世界上最聪明的动物之一！所以，什么使它们如此聪明？）及最后一段“Octopuses meet every criteria for the definition of intelligence: ”（章鱼满足聪明定义的所有标准）可知，文章主要讲述了章鱼聪明的原因。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Is Sorting Important When Recycling?
We all agree that we should recycle more at home, in the office or when out and about. ___16___Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling. This is what the process of sorting allows us to do.
___17___And the effective sorting needs to happen first, in our own home and second, in sorting plants to which waste is collected. When you put a plastic bottle in the right recycling bag or bin, you are helping sort recyclables so that the right material can be fed into the right recycling process. If sorting does not happen，a lot of recyclable materials can end up in landfills. It will lead to valuable resources lost from our economy.
___18___For instance, in Brussels consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass needs to be taken to specific collection bins. Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.___19___．
Once recyclable materials are collected from your home, they are further sorted in specialized facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process. ____20____Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically. Today, however, new sorting technologies are being developed in order to speed up the process of sorting but to also cause better results. Exciting technologies using magnets or optical systems are being used to effectively sort materials so more of it can be recycled.
A. For effective recycling we need effective sorting.
B. Packaging at work is the first step towards recycling.
C. This is where different sorting techniques come into play.
D. So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.
E. Collection systems can be very different from country to country.
F. The rest was landfilled or burned even though they could have been recycled or reused.
G. But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste stream.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了在环保方面垃圾回收分类的重要性及如何具体分类。
【16题详解】
根据上文We all agree that we should recycle more at home, in the office or when out and about.（我们都同意我们应该在家里、办公室或外出时回收更多的垃圾）及下文Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling.（因此，可以将它们收集起来并送到正确的位置进行回收）可知，我们都赞同多回收垃圾，但是要回收材料，首先需要找到正确的废物来源。G项But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste stream.（但是要回收材料，他们首先需要找到正确的废物来源）符合文意。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据下文And the effective sorting needs to happen first, in our own home and second, in sorting plants to which waste is collected.（有效的分类首先需要在我们自己的家里进行，其次需要在收集垃圾的工厂里进行）可知，本段在讲述垃圾如何分类。A项For effective recycling we need effective sorting.（为了有效回收，我们需要有效分类）符合文意。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据下文For instance, in Brussels consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass needs to be taken to specific collection bins.（例如，在布鲁塞尔，消费者将塑料包装、易拉罐和饮料纸箱放在设计用于可回收包装的蓝色袋子中；将纸张放在黄色袋子中进行回收；玻璃需要被带到特定的收集箱中）可知，此处列举了布鲁塞尔、维也纳等地的不同收集方法，也就是说不同国家的收集系统可能非常不同。E项Collection systems can be very different from country to country.（收集系统可能因国家而异）符合文意。故选E。
【19题详解】
根据上文Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.（有些不同的是，在维也纳(奥地利)，市民可以期望他们的纸、金属、玻璃和塑料在一年中不同的星期被分别收集）可知，不同国家的收集系统可能非常不同，因此人们需要了解自己当地的收集系统。D项So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.（因此，市民需要了解其当地的收集系统）符合文意。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文Once recyclable materials are collected from your home, they are further sorted in specialized facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process.（一旦可回收的材料从您的家中收集，他们进一步分类在专门的设施，以确保回收过程的质量）及下文Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically.（传统上，分拣工作要么由工人手工完成，对可回收的材料进行分拣，挑选出要丢弃的材料，要么用机械方法）可知，在专门的设施里，不同分类技术发挥各自的作用。C项This is where different sorting techniques come into play.（这是不同分类技术发挥作用的地方）符合文意。故选C。
【点睛】七选五题型主要考查上下文的理解与推断，虽然文章整体难度一般低于阅读理解，但是却给很多同学造成了很大的心理障碍。七个选项中选五个，比四个选项中选一个，感觉干扰性更大，很多同学在做这个题目时，总有一种眼花缭乱、心烦气躁的感觉，致使往往正确率不高。在这里提醒同学们，首先要克服心理障碍，同时要注意方式方法。其次，注意设空前后的句子，因为这些句子之间是顺承和联系的，所有一定要联系和理解上下文的语境。例如第4小题，根据上文Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.（有些不同的是，在维也纳(奥地利)，市民可以期望他们的纸、金属、玻璃和塑料在一年中不同的星期被分别收集）可知，不同国家的收集系统可能非常不同，因此人们需要了解自己当地的收集系统。D项So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.（因此，市民需要了解其当地的收集系统）符合文意。故D选项正确。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题; 每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every act of kindness starts with something small, something we all can — and should — do every single day.
I’m Will Rubio, one of the ____21____ of BYUtv’s Random Acts show. We take hidden cameras to unexpected places to ____22____ random acts of kindness. We’ve filmed acts ____23____ from building disabledfriendly facilities (设施) for those who are badly____24____ them but can’t afford them to returning a lost wallet.
On Random Acts, it may be a neighbor or a colleague who____25____ a need and sets off an incredible chain reaction of service. ____26____ the story of Emmalene Meyers for example, like many young girls, Emmalene was ____27____ to be a ballet dancer — but her physical disability makes even everyday tasks a(n) ____28____. Instead of seeing a limitation, Emmalene’s friend Lily ____29____ an opportunity. Lily imagined Emmalene’s dream being brought to life onstage and persuaded Random Acts to help make her plan _____30_____.
So, where can you start? The key is to be like Lily: look for an opportunity to make a _____31_____ to those in need, and then take action to make it happen eventually. Being _____32_____ and involved in service is _____33_____ like any other goal you want to achieve. You have to _____34_____ it.
After two seasons of hosting Random Acts, the joy of _____35_____ burdens and brightening lives doesn’t fade. I sometimes _____36_____ Random Acts might lose its feature eventually, but that was far from the _____37_____. When I finally meet the people we’ve been working to _____38_____ and see their genuine shock and appreciation, it _____39_____ me in the feel every time. I cry more than anyone else on the show.
Be that person doing acts of _____40_____ out of the goodness of your heart — be the nice you want to see in the world!
21. A. photographers B. directors C. viewers D. hosts
22. A. expose B. conduct C. arrange D. advocate
23. A. changing B. counting C. ranging D. transforming
24. A. in search of B. in need of C. in defence of D. in favor of
25. A. recognizes B. ignores C. rejects D. abolishes
26. A. Bring B. Take C. Create D. Make
27. A. anxious B. proud C. afraid D. unwilling
28. A. exception B. dilemma C. competition D. challenge
29. A. provided B. seized C. spotted D. missed
30. A. successful B. acceptable C. reasonable D. available
31. A. choice B. difference C. promise D. decision
32. A. generous B. caring C. ambitious D. sociable
33. A. never B. even C. still D. just
34. A. put up with B. make up for C. work at D. bring down
35. A. bearing B. carrying C. reducing D. overcoming
36. A. admit B. realize C. remember D. assume
37. A. truth B. deadline C. destination D. boundary
38. A. accompany B. surprise C. locate D. please
39. A. refreshes B. inspires C. hits D. satisfies
40. A. forgiveness B. politeness C. generosity D. kindness
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过自己亲自录制人们善举的经历，讲述每一个善举都是从一些小事开始的，一些我们每一天都能够而且应该做的事情。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是威尔·卢比奥，BYU电视台《随机行动》节目的主持人之一。A. photographers摄影师；B. directors导演；C. viewers观众；D. hosts主持人。根据下文“After two seasons of hosting Random Acts, the joy of ____15____ burdens and brightening lives doesn’t fade.”可知，作者是这个节目的主持人。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把隐藏的摄像机带到意想不到的地方去曝光随机的善举。A. expose曝光，暴露；B. conduct指导；C. arrange安排；D. advocate倡导。根据下文“We’ve filmed acts ____3____ from building disabledfriendly facilities (设施) for those who are badly____4____ them but can’t afford them to returning a lost wallet.”可知，作者他们录制下来人们的善举并把他们曝光出来。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们拍摄了一些行为，从为那些急需残疾人设施但负担不起费用的人建造有益于残疾的设施，到归还丢失的钱包。A. changing改变；B. counting数数；C. ranging变化；D. transforming转换。根据下文“from building disabledfriendly facilities (设施) for those who are badly____4____ them but can’t afford them to returning a lost wallet.”可知，这里是指他们拍摄的内容从一种情况到另一种情况不等。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：见第3题详解。A. in search of搜寻；B. in need of需要；C. in defence of为...辩护，维护；D. in favor of喜欢。根据上文“building disabledfriendly facilities (设施) for those”可知，建造益于残疾的设施是为那些需要的人使用的。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在《随机行动》中，可能是邻居或同事辨认出了某种需求，并引发了难以置信的服务连锁反应。A. recognizes辨认出；B. ignores忽视；C. rejects拒绝；D. abolishes废除。根据下文“and sets off an incredible chain reaction of service”可知，这些人是知道了人们的需求的。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：以艾玛琳·梅耶斯的故事为例，像许多年轻女孩一样，艾玛琳渴望成为一名芭蕾舞演员——但是她的身体残疾使得即使是日常任务也变成了一项很大的挑战。A. Bring带来；B. Take带走；C. Create创造；D. Make制作。根据下文“the story of Emmalene Meyers for example”可知，这里是指以艾玛琳·梅耶斯的故事为例，take…for example“以…为例”的意思。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. anxious渴望的；B. proud骄傲的；C. afraid害怕的；D. unwilling不情愿的。根据下文“but her physical disability makes even everyday tasks a(n) ____8____”可知，艾玛琳渴望成为一名芭蕾舞演员。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. exception例外；B. dilemma困境；C. competition竞争，比赛；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“but her physical disability”可知，身体的残疾会给她成为芭蕾舞演员带来很大的挑战。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾玛琳的朋友莉莉没有看到限制，而是看到了一个机会。A. provided提供；B. seized抓住；C. spotted看到；D. missed错过。根据上文“Instead of seeing a limitation”可知，这里是指这个朋友看到了机会。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莉莉想象艾玛琳的梦想在舞台上变成现实，并说服随机行动组织帮助使得她的计划成功。A. successful成功的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. reasonable合理的；D. available可用的。根据上文“Lily imagined Emmalene’s dream being brought to life onstage”可知，莉莉是想要成功帮助艾玛琳。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键是要像莉莉一样：寻找一个机会去改变那些需要帮助的人，然后最终采取行动去实现它。A. choice选择；B. difference不同；C. promise承诺；D. decision决定。根据下文“and then take action to make it happen eventually.”可知，这里是指让梦想成功实现。make a difference to“使不同，有影响”的意思。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关心和参与服务就像你想实现的任何其他目标一样。A. generous慷慨的；B. caring关心的；C. ambitious有抱负的；D. sociable善交际的。根据上文“The key is to be like Lily: look for an opportunity to make a ____11____ to those in need, and then take action to make it happen eventually.”可知，从莉莉的事迹上可以看出，作者是要让人们多关心他人。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第12题详解。A. never从不；B. even甚至；C. still仍然；D. just仅仅。根据下文“like any other goal”可知，这里用just是起强调的作用，指关心和参与服务就仅仅像任何其他目标一样。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：你必须全力以赴。A. put up with容忍；B. make up for弥补；C. work at致力于；D. bring down降低。根据上文“like any other goal you want to achieve”可知，要想实现梦想，就要致力于那件事情。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在主持了两季《随机行动》之后，减轻负担和美好生活的喜悦并没有消失。A. bearing容忍；B. carrying携带；C. reducing减少；D. overcoming克服。根据下文“burdens”可知，作者他们是要通过这个节目减少人们的负担。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有时候会觉得《随机行动》最终可能会失去它的特色，但是这和事实相去甚远。A. admit承认；B. realize意识到；C. remember记得；D. assume假设。根据下文“Random Acts might lose its feature eventually”可知，这是作者自己想象的可能性。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第16题详解。A. truth事实；B. deadline最后期限；C. destination目的地；D. boundary边界。根据上文“but that was far from the”可知，作者的想象和事实是完全不一样的。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我终于见到那些我们一直努力想要给他们惊喜的人，看到他们真正的震惊和欣赏时，我每次都能感受到。A. accompany陪同；B. surprise使吃惊；C. locate坐落于；D. please使满意。根据下文“and see their genuine shock and appreciation”可知，作者给人们带去了令他们吃惊的意外之喜。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第18题详解。A. refreshes使恢复精神；B. inspires鼓舞；C. hits撞击；D. satisfies使满意。根据下文“in the feel”可知，这里指作者情感上受到了震撼。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：做那个出于内心善良而做善事的人——做那个你想在这个世界上看到的好人!A. forgiveness原谅；B. politeness礼貌；C. generosity慷慨；D. kindness善良。根据上文“Every act of kindness starts with something small, something we all can — and should — do every single day.”可知，作者是要号召大家做一个善良的人。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The number of foreign readers of Chinese online literary works has been over 31.9 million, according to a report. Thanks____41____the government’s support, many Chinese online literature____42____ (company) have been promoting their overseas(海外的) market in recent years.
Many overseas readers even start to write online novels. Logan,____43____young man living in Texas, is a big fan of China’s online literature.____44____ (inspire) by Chinese online literary works, he began to write his own online novels.“My ideas for writing are____45____(main) from Chinese online novels. Classic Chinese literary works,____46____ (include) Journey to the West, are also the sources of some of the characters in my novels,” he said.
“Human beings love stories, and some values of heroes in stories____47____ (share) by people around the world,” a leader of China Literature said, adding ____48____heart- warming stories with ambitious characters and traditional Chinese culture are attractive to overseas readers.
While translation of mainstream(主流的) Chinese books may be____49____ (struggle), English-language readers’ love encourages their own translations. For some Western readers, checking _____50_____(see) if the latest chapter of their favorite online serial(连载小说) has been translated from Chinese into English is the first thing they do in the morning.
【答案】41. to 42. companies
43. a 44. Inspired
45. mainly 46. including
47. are shared
48. that 49. struggling
50. to see
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了近年来喜欢在网络上阅读中国文学的外国读者越来越多，中国的网络文学公司也在努力地搭建平台进行推广。
【41题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：由于政府的支持，近年来，许多中国网络文学公司都在大力拓展海外市场。短语thanks to，意为“由于，幸亏”，符合句意和语境，故填to。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：同上。设空处为名词做主语，前面有many修饰，应用名词的复数形式，故填companies。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：洛根，一个住在德克萨斯州的年轻人，是中国网络文学的忠实粉丝。设空处修饰名词man，表泛指，应用冠词，空后的young以辅音音素开头，故填a。
【44题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：受中国网络文学作品的启发，他开始写自己的网络小说。设空处为非谓语动词，和主语之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Inspired。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：我的写作灵感主要来自中国的网络小说。设空处修饰谓语，应用副词形式作状语，故填mainly。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：包括《西游记》在内的中国经典文学作品也是我小说中一些人物的原型。设空处应用介词形式，意为“包括”，故填including。
【47题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：中国文学的一位负责人表示：“人类都喜欢故事，故事中英雄的一些价值观是全世界人民所共有的。”他还表示，具有雄心壮志的人物和中国传统文化的暖心故事对海外读者具有吸引力。设空处为谓语，描述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语some values，谓语用复数形式，故填are shared。
【48题详解】
考查宾语从句句意：同上。分析可知设空处引导宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，也不缺少意义，故填that。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然中国主流书籍的翻译可能举步维艰，但英语读者的爱鼓励了他们自己的翻译。设空处作表语应用形容词形式，struggling意为“奋斗的，努力的”，符合句意，故填struggling。
【50题详解】
考查不定式。句意：对于一些西方读者来说，他们每天早上做的第一件事就是查看他们最喜欢的网络连载小说的最新章节是否已被翻译成英文。设空处作目的状语，应用不定式，故填to see。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题; 每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Now, it’s time to live a better and healthier life. One of the most important things to avoid being ill are to have an active life. People are less active today, with television, computers and video games fill their spare time. As life becomes busier, there is less time for people to cook healthy meal. People prefer to eat which contains more fat and calories than fresh food at home. We eat in restaurants, go to drive-ins or buy fast food at the grocery. Children especial are the ones who feel more attracted to in fast-food restaurants. They influenced by the commercials they see on television. That’s because so many of them are now suffering from eating disorder. The government and parents should take responsibility to change a situation.
【答案】1. are→is
2.fill→filling
3.meal→meals
4.which→what
5.We→They
6.especial→especially
7.去掉to后面的in
8.They 与influenced中间加are
9.because→why
10.a→the
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现代人尤其是儿童的健康饮食问题。
【详解】1.考查主谓一致。句意：避免生病的最重要的事情之一是拥有积极的生活。主语One of the most important things是单数，谓语应用单数形式；全文用的是一般现在时；故将are改成is。
2.考查非谓语。句意：电视、电脑和电子游戏占据了他们的业余时间。with复合结构要用非谓语动词作宾补，且逻辑主语television, computers and video games与fill之间为主动关系，故用现在分词；故将fill改成filling。
3.考查名词的数。句意：随着生活变得繁忙，人们做健康食物的时间就更少。“meal”是可数名词，此处为泛指，应用复数；故将meal改成meals。
4.考查宾语从句。句意：比起家里的新鲜食物，人们更喜欢吃含有更多脂肪和卡路里的食物。本处是eat后的宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，译为“……的东西”，用连接代词what；故将which改成what。
5.考查代词。句意：他们在餐馆吃饭，去汽车影院，或者在食品杂货店买快餐。分析上下文可知，这里应该用They指代前文的people，即人们更喜欢吃含有更多脂肪和卡路里的食物，他们在餐馆吃饭，去汽车影院，或者在食品杂货店买快餐；故将We改成They。
6. 考查副词。句意：儿童尤其更容易被快餐店所吸引。本处应用especial的副词形式作状语，对整个句子的程度进行修饰；故将especial改成especially。
7.考查固定搭配。句意：儿童尤其更容易被快餐店所吸引。feel attracted to sth.是固定短语，意为“感觉被某事物所吸引”；故去掉to后面的in。
8.考查语态。句意：他们受在电视上看到的广告影响。分析句子可知主语They与influence之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，由they可知谓语是复数形式；全文用一般现在时；故在They与influenced中间加are 。
9.考查表语从句引导词。句意：这就是为什么他们中的许多人现在患有饮食失调症。分析可知前句“They are influenced by the commercials they see on television.”是原因，而本句“so many of them are now suffering from eating disorder”是结果，强调结果应用why，表示“为什么”；故将because改成why。
10.考查冠词。句意：政府和家长应该负起责任来改变这种状况。分析句子可知，本处应将冠词a改成the特指前面提到的青少年饮食情况；故将a改成the。
第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)
52. 假定你是李华，读完外教Mr. Brown推荐的一些英文小说后，你的收获很大。请你给他写一封感谢信，内容包括：
1.表示感谢；
2.你的收获；
3.希望得到进一步指导。
注意：1.词数 80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mr. Brown,
I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to you for recommending me some English novels.
The recommended novels, whose languages are beautiful and plain to read, have brought me many unexpected benefits. Having finished reading them, I have built a larger vocabulary, which, in turn, has improved my writing skills. Besides, these English novels open me up to new experiences and perspectives, offering me new information about cultures and societies that I never knew before.
Please accept my thanks once again. I really hope you can provide me with some more guidance on reading English novels.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr. Brown写一封感谢信，感谢他给你推荐的一些英文小说，使你获得很大收获。
【详解】1.词汇积累
①推荐：recommend→ commend
②好处：benefits → advantages
③提供：offer → provide
④感谢：thanks→ gratitude
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to you for recommending me some English novels.
拓展句：I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to you because you recommended me some English novels.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The recommended novels, whose languages are beautiful and plain to read, have brought me many unexpected benefits.(运用了whose引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Having finished reading them, I have built a larger vocabulary, which, in turn, has improved my writing skills. (运用了现在分词的完成时态，which引导非限制性定语从句)
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