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2022-2023学年内蒙古乌兰察布市高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年内蒙古乌兰察布市高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共19页。试卷主要包含了 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年度上学期高一期中考试
英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
A
Oregon is a beautiful Northwest State, filled with amazing places to visit. Many of these wonderful places are within National Parks. Here are some of this state’s fantastic national parks.
Crater Lake National Park
Crater Lake is one of the most unique areas in Oregon and the country. The park makes a great summer and winter time place to visit. Most of the year the park is covered in snow, and the summer window is very short, lasting only from July to October. During the short summer visitors can enjoy the Rim Drive, hiking, camping, fishing, swimming in the lake and even take a boat tour of the lake.
Fort Vancouver National Historic Site
Visitors to Fort Vancouver have the chance to learn about the history of the fur trade in the Pacific North-west. This place offers travelers the chance to learn about the cultures that lived in the area and it also has information about the military history of this place.
John Day Fossil Beds National Monument
This amazing National Monument protect the changes of ecosystems over 40 million years. Visitors can learn about the amazing history of how plant and animal changed. This park has three parts, where visitors can enjoy the views and learn about the history of this place.
Oregon Caves National Monument
Visitors to the Siskiyou Mountains can explore Oregon Caves National Monument. This National Monument has marble caves. These caves were formed as rainwater from forests above slowly dissolved the surrounding marble, creating these amazing caves. Visitors can take tours of the caves, led by a guide.
1. What can you do in Crater Lake National Park?
A. Swim in December. B. Camp in summer.
C. Dig amazing caves. D. View animals and plants.
2. What can you learn about in John Day Fossil Beds National Monument？
A. The history of the fur trade. B. The military history of the area.
C. The history of plant and animal. D. The cultures of the place.
3. Where can you go if you are interested in caves?
A. Crater Lake National Park B. Oregon Caves National Monument
C. Fort Vancouver National Historic Site D. John Day Fossil Beds National Monument
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国俄勒冈州的一些神奇的国家公园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Crater Lake National Park中“During the short summer visitors can enjoy the Rim Drive, hiking, camping, fishing, swimming in the lake and even take a boat tour of the lake.( 在短暂的夏季里，游客可以在湖边驾车、徒步旅行、露营、钓鱼、游泳，甚至乘船游览湖面)”可知，夏天你可以在Crater Lake国家公园露营。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据John Day Fossil Beds National Monument中“Visitors can learn about the amazing history of how plant and animal changed. (游客可以了解植物和动物如何变化的惊人历史。)”可知，在Day Fossil Beds National Monument，你可以了解植物和动物的历史。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Oregon Caves National Monument中“This National Monument has marble caves. These caves were formed as rainwater from forests above slowly dissolved the surrounding marble, creating these amazing caves. Visitors can take tours of the caves, led by a guide.( 这个国家纪念碑有大理石洞穴。这些洞穴是由森林中的雨水慢慢溶解周围的大理石形成的，创造了这些神奇的洞穴。游客可以在导游的带领下参观洞穴)”可知，Oregon Caves National Monument有很多洞穴，所以如果你对洞穴感兴趣，你可以去Oregon Caves National Monument。故选B。
B
A quick walk onto a frozen pond could have been a disaster for these two boys.
Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthony Skopick, 10, couldn’t agree. Were the birds out on the ice ducks or geese? There was only one way to find out. So on a cold January evening last year, the two friends walked onto the frozen pond near their homes to get a better look.
First, they threw a rock onto the ice to test it. Convinced the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few steps, and then he crashed through the seemingly frozen surface. “There was no sound, no crack,” he told the reporter. “I just fell through instantly.”
Cruz rushed to help his frightened friend. And the pond swallowed him, too. Cruz managed to lift himself out of the water and onto a more solid section. He then cautiously worked his way toward Anthony, but he fell in the pond again. This time, he couldn’t get out.
The boys were in icy cold water and quickly losing feeling in their limbs （四肢）. Cruz was sure that he was going to die.
Anthony’s older sister had seen the boys fall through the ice and started screaming for help. John Lavin, a neighbor driving nearby on his way to the store, heard her. He quickly pulled over. Seeing the boys, he grabbed a nearby buoy（浮标）, kicked off his shoes, and ran into the water. Lavin made his way to Cruz and Anthony and dragged them back to land. They were taken to hospital, where doctors discovered that their five-minute stay in the water had lowered their body temperature nearly ten degrees.
Fortunately, the boys have fully recovered, though they are still a little awestruck (敬畏的) by their fearless neighbor. “Just to think,” says Cruz, “if he hadn’t been there, I could have died.”
4. Why did the boys go to the frozen pond?
A. They were curious about whether the ice could hold their weight.
B. They wanted to have a better look at the pond.
C. They wanted to know what kind of birds were on the ice.
D. They wanted to go skating on the ice.
5. Before the boys walked onto the ice, ______.
A. they argued over who should be the first to go
B. they threw a rock to test whether the ice was strong enough
C. they asked Anthony’s older sister to stay nearby to protect them
D. they grabbed a nearby buoy and kicked off their shoes
6. What did Cruz do when Anthony fell into the pond?
A. He went to help his friend.
B. He went to ask for his sister’s help.
C. He went to ask for his neighbor’s help.
D. He went to find a buoy nearby.
7. From this passage, we can infer that _____.
A. Anthony’s older sister went to the pond with the two boys
B. a strange passer-by saved the two boys
C. Cruz fell into the pond with Anthony at the same time
D. the two boys were very grateful to their neighbor
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述两个小男孩为了观看冰上的鸟，在结冰的池塘上行走，结果掉入水中，被无畏的邻居及时救起的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthony Skopick, 10, couldn’t agree. Were the birds out on the ice ducks or geese? There was only one way to find out. So on a cold January evening last year, the two friends walked onto the frozen pond near their homes to get a better look.” 11岁的Cruz Genet和10岁的Anthony Skopick没能达成一致。在冰上的鸟是鸭子还是鹅?只有一个办法可以知道。因此，在去年1月一个寒冷的晚上，这两个朋友走到他们家附近结冰的池塘上，想看得更清楚一些。因此可知这两个男孩想知道冰上的鸟是鸭子还是鹅，故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“First, they threw a rock onto the ice to test it. Convinced the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few steps, and then he crashed through the seemingly frozen surface.” 首先，他们把一块石头扔到冰上测试。确信冰面能承受他们的重量，Anthony走了几步，然后就在冰面上摔了下去。因此可知这两个男孩在走上冰面之前，扔石头测试冰面是否足够结实，故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“Cruz rushed to help his frightened friend.” Cruz冲过去帮助他受惊的朋友，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Fortunately, the boys have fully recovered, though they are still a little awestruck (敬畏的) by their fearless neighbor. “Just to think,” says Cruz, “if he hadn’t been there, I could have died.” 幸运的是，男孩们已经完全康复了，尽管他们仍然对他们无畏的邻居有点敬畏。“想想看，”Cruz说，“如果他不在那里，我就会死。”因此可以推断这两个男孩很感激他们的邻居，故选D。
C
Nowadays more and more people like to travel, especially when vacations come. A great number of people rush out of their homes or companies to travelling spots. They either drive or take a bus, a train, a ship and so on. Some even ride bikes.
However, there is another way of travelling-poorism. People have a tour in the poorest areas of the world. Some people may take a one-day poorest tour, and some even pay to stay in very poor neighborhoods to experience the lowest living standards in the world. Poorism tours take place around the world, and not just in the third world countries. You can, for instance, tour New York neighborhoods in the Bronx, in the Bund of Shanghai. Such tours can take people into the heart of poor areas within some large and rich cities. These tours may awaken people to pay more attention to long-standing poverty, or the effects of war.
Some suggest that tours in the poor areas can raise social care. And the money from the tour can be donated to help the people there.
8. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “poorism” in the second paragraph?
A. 贫困 B. 穷人 C. 穷游 D. 可怜的人
9. Some people have poorism tours ________.
A. to show how rich they are B. to experience the poor life
C. to enjoy the beautiful scenes D. to see poor people
10. Poorism tours can make people ________.
A. care for the poverty more B. know about the countryside
C. go to big cities D. go into the heart of rich cities
11. ________ like to travel when vacations come.
A. Few people B. Poor people C. Lots of people D. Rich people
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了穷游成为很多人喜欢的旅游方式，穷游能够使人们更好地体验贫困生活和关心贫困问题。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“However, there is another way of travelling-poorism. People have a tour in the poorest areas of the world. Some people may take a one-day poorest tour, and some even pay to stay in very poor neighborhoods to experience the lowest living standards in the world.(然而，还有另一种poorism旅游的方式。人们在世界上最贫穷的地区旅游。有些人可能会参加为期一天的最贫困之旅，有些人甚至花钱住在非常贫困的社区，以体验世界上最低的生活水平)”可知，还有另一种穷游的方式，划线单词表示“穷游”。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“People have a tour in the poorest areas of the world. Some people may take a one-day poorest tour, and some even pay to stay in very poor neighborhoods to experience the lowest living standards in the world.(人们在世界上最贫穷的地区旅游。有些人可能会参加为期一天的最贫困之旅，有些人甚至花钱住在非常贫困的社区，以体验世界上最低的生活水平)”可知，有些人穷游是为了体验贫穷的生活。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“These tours may awaken people to pay more attention to long-standing poverty, or the effects of war.(这些旅游可能会唤醒人们对长期贫困或战争影响的更多关注)”可知，穷游可以使人们更加关心贫困问题。故选A项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Nowadays more and more people like to travel, especially when vacations come. A great number of people rush out of their homes or companies to travelling spots.(现在越来越多的人喜欢旅游，尤其是假期来的时候。许多人从家里或公司冲出，去旅游景点)”可知，当假期来临，很多人都喜欢旅游。故选C项。
D
Did you know that your weight gain might be less about your willpower and more about how you’ve decorated your home? Factors like the colors of your walls, how you store your food, or whether your bedroom is comfortable enough can all contribute to your eating habits. In short, your house may be making you fat. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.
Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less selfconscious (难为情) when they’re in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn’t have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.
Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint, go blue.
Don’t forget the clock—or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories (卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.
Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.
12. The text is especially helpful for those who care about _________.
A. their body shape B. their home comforts
C. house buying D. healthy diets
13. A home environment in blue can help people ________.
A. digest food better B. regain their appetites
C. burn more calories D. reduce food intake
14. What are people advised to do at mealtimes?
A. Eat quickly. B. Play fast music.
C. Use smaller spoons. D. Turn down the lights.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Ways of Serving Dinner B. Is Your House Making You Fat?
C. Effects of SelfConsciousness D. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家庭环境可能会影响人们的身材体型，人们可以通过调整光线，颜色，声音和餐盘尺寸来把家庭环境变成饮食计划的一部分。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.(你的房子可能会影响你的身材。专家说你房子的设计方式可能会影响到你是否能增加体重或保持体重)”可知，本文可能对注重身材体型的人有帮助。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.(在一项研究中，在蓝色房间吃饭的人比在黄色或红色房间吃饭的人要少吃33%)”可知，人们在蓝色环境中会减少进食。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent.(当我们选择大勺子而不是小勺子时用餐时，总摄入量上升了14%)”可知，选择小勺子用餐可以控制食量。由此推知，就餐时建议人们选用小一点的勺子。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了家庭环境，包括光线，颜色，声音和餐盘尺寸可能会影响人们的身材体型。根据第二段“Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.”（你的房子可能会影响你的身材。专家表示，你的家居设计方式可能会影响到你是增重还是减肥。你可以让你的环境对你有利，而不是对你不利）”可知，短文的最佳标题为“你的房子让你发胖了吗？”。故选B。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever wondered about changing your life for the better? Actually, it costs almost next to nothing. ___16___Here are some of the tested tips for you to have a healthier, more active and happier life.
Get enough sleep. ___17___ Getting enough sleep will help you feel more relaxed and confident to face the difficulties in the day. To help you get a good sleep, do not get excited right before bedtime. Turn off your TV or smartphone. Keep your room dark and quiet. All these measures will help you get the best sleep.
Do more exercise. Physical activity is an important part of a healthier lifestyle. However, if you do not enjoy the type of exercise you choose, it will work against your goal of living a healthier life. ___18___ Enjoyable physical activity will not only help you keep your body strong, but will also affect your feeling positively all day long.
___19___ One key to improving your health and maintaining it is regular health care visits. They will help you to keep your body in better shape and help you improve the exercise effects.
Start a journal. Keeping a journal is a great way to change your life for better. It really helps even if you just keep a food journal. Or you can put down your true feelings, map out your goals and track the results. ___20___
A. Pay attention to your diet.
B. Visit health care professionals regularly.
C. So find a daily exercise that you truly enjoy.
D. You can also sleep as much as you like at weekends.
E. It's usually recommended to get 7 to 9 hours of sleep each night.
F. What you need to do is to make some small changes in your daily life.
G. Your diary will help you to meet those goals and increase the sense of happiness.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。让自己的生活变得更好实际上不需要花什么钱，文章主要提出了一些有助于让生活变得更好的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Have you ever wondered about changing your life for the better? Actually? it costs almost next to nothing.(你有没有想过让自己的生活变得更好？实际上，它几乎不花什么钱)”以及后文“Here are some of the tested tips for you to have a healthier, more active and happier life.(下面是一些经过验证的建议，可以让你拥有更健康、更积极和更快乐的生活)”可知，上文提到让生活变得更好不需要花什么钱，后文则提到了一些建议，故本句属于过渡句，旨在说明让生活变好需要做什么。故F选项“你需要做的是在你的日常生活中做一些小的改变”符合语境，故选F。
17题详解】
根据后文“Getting enough sleep will help you feel more relaxed and confident to face the difficulties in the day. To help you get a good sleep, do not get excited right before bedtime. Turn off your TV or smartphone. Keep your room dark and quiet. All these measures will help you get the best sleep.(充足的睡眠会让你更放松，更有信心面对白天的困难。为了让你睡个好觉，睡前不要兴奋。关掉电视或智能手机。保持房间黑暗和安静。所有这些措施都会帮助你获得最好的睡眠)”可知，本段的建议是获得充足的睡眠，后文则说明了睡眠充足的好处，E选项中get 7 to 9 hours of sleep对应后文中Getting enough sleep。故E选项“通常建议每晚睡7到9个小时”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Do more exercise. Physical activity is an important part of a healthier lifestyle. However, if you do not enjoy the type of exercise you choose, it will work against your goal of living a healthier life.(多锻炼。体育活动是健康生活方式的重要组成部分。然而，如果你不喜欢你选择的运动类型，它将与你过更健康生活的目标背道而驰)”以及后文“Enjoyable physical activity will not only help you keep your body strong, but will also affect your feeling positively all day long.(愉快的体育活动不仅会帮助你保持身体强壮，而且还会影响你一整天的积极感觉)”可知，本段主要是关于锻炼的建议，上文提到如果不喜欢你选择的运动类型，它将与你过更健康生活的目标背道而驰，故本句与上文构成因果关系，说明要选择自己真正喜欢的锻炼。故C选项“所以，找一种你真正喜欢的日常锻炼”符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据后文“One key to improving your health and maintaining it is regular health care visits. They will help you to keep your body in better shape and help you improve the exercise effects.(改善和保持健康的一个关键是定期的健康检查。它们将帮助你保持更好的体型，帮助你提高锻炼效果)”可知，后文提到要定期健康检查，可知本段主要是关于定期健康检查的建议，B选项中regularly对应后文中regular。故B选项“定期访问保健专业人员”符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Start a journal. Keeping a journal is a great way to change your life for better. It really helps even if you just keep a food journal. Or you can put down your true feelings, map out your goals and track the results.(开始写日记。写日记是改善生活的好方法。这真的很有帮助，即使你只是保持一个食物日记。或者你可以写下你的真实感受，制定你的目标并跟踪结果)”可知，本段提出的建议是写日记，本句为本段最后一句，应当承接上文，说明记日记的好处。G选项中diary对应上文中journal。故G选项“你的日记将帮助你实现这些目标，增加幸福感”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 25 years old, I had a big dream in my mind and lots of things in my backpack. I wanted to travel around Africa with my ___21___. So I left my hometown with great confidence and ___22___ in Cape Town on a one-way ticket, not really sure what to do next.___23___, before my trip actually started, I met a kind, old Nigerian man. He gave me the best travel___24___ I ever received: “Be like a student on your way around the world.”
It sounds ___25___, but it really changed my mind about travelling. He helped me ___26___ that travel is about learning and observing different ___27___. “It’s far too easy to go into a new country for you and believe your ways are better. But if you study, ask questions, and ___28___ to learn from the locals, you’ll have far richer ___29___, ” he promised me.
On other trips since I was on my tour way to Cancun, I didn’t know the man so I was just a____30____. I only stayed there for a week to see the sights and places of interest and then left. The culture didn’t ____31____ me. I left the cities and towns without really ____32____ anyone or anything. Those people and things ____33____ in those very places to which I had paid a visit.
This time, I promised myself that I would be a ____34____ student traveller. After seven months of ____35____ travelling from Cape Town to Cairo, I returned home. Having a student-like attitude helped me learn a lot. This trip satisfied me more than any other trip ever did to me.
21. A. friend B. pet C. backpack D. family
22. A. continued B. stopped C. danced D. arrived
23. A. Certainly B. Luckily C. Truly D. Sadly
24. A. knowledge B. feeling C. advice D. reason
25. A. simple B. funny C. boring D. foolish
26. A. remember B. choose C. improve D. realize
27. A. cultures B. events C. places D. backgrounds
28. A. accept B. try C. decide D. forget
29. A. task B. dream C. achievement D. experience
30. A. tourist B. student C. reporter D. businessman
31. A. inspire B. change C. help D. influence
32. A. knowing B. refusing C. encouraging D. teaching
33. A. disappeared B. existed C. kept D. started
34. A. beautiful B. proud C. real D. wise
35. A. difficult B. successful C. common D. challenging
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲了作者在接受了一位老人的建议后才明白了旅行的意义。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想背着背包环游非洲。A. friend朋友；B. pet宠物；C. backpack背包；D. family家人。根据文章第一句“I had a big dream in my mind and lots of things in my backpack”可知，作者有一个梦想——背着行囊环游非洲。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我满怀信心地离开了家乡，坐着单程票来到开普敦。A. continued继续；B. stopped停止；C. danced跳舞；D. arrived达到。短语：arrive in 到达。根据上文“I left my hometown”可知此处指到达目的地开普敦。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在我的旅行开始之前，我遇到了一位善良的尼日利亚老人。A. Certainly当然，肯定地；B. Luckily 幸运地；C. Truly真正地；D. Sadly悲哀地。根据前文“not really sure what to do next我不确定下一步该做什么”及下文“I met a kind, old Nigerian man. 我遇到了一个和蔼的尼日利亚老人。”可知作者刚到达时不知所措，但是遇见了一个和蔼的老人，可见作者是幸运地。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了我最好的旅行建议：像一个学生一样去环游世界。 A. knowledge知识；B. feeling感觉；C. advice建议；D. reason理由。根据文章最后一段中“Having a student-like attitude helped me learn a lot.”可知，老人给了作者旅行的建议。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来很简单，但这确实改变了我对旅行的看法。A. simple简单的；B. funny滑稽的；C. boring无聊的；D. foolish愚蠢的。分析可知“Be like a student on your way around the world. 像一个学生一样环游世界。”这一是一条简单易懂的建议，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他帮助我意识到旅行就是学习和观察不同的文化。A. remember记住；B. choose选择；C. improve提高；D. realize意识到。下文“travel is about learning and observing different旅行就是学习和观察不同的……”是作者对旅行的感悟，结合语境可知D选项realize“意识到”与此处的“感悟”搭配最为恰当。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他帮助我意识到旅行就是学习和观察不同的文化。A. cultures文化；B. events事件；C. places地方；D. backgrounds背景。由下文“The culture didn’t…me.”的词汇复现可知，是观察不同的文化。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动名词词义辨析。句意：如果你学习、问问题并试图向当地人学习，你会拥有更加丰富多彩体验。A. accept接受；B. try试图；C. decide决定；D. forget忘记。根据后文“to learn from the locals”可知此处指试着向当地人学习，短语：try to do…“努力做……，尝试做……”。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你学习、问问题并试图向当地人学习，你会拥有更加丰富多彩的体验。A. task任务；B. dream梦想；C. achievement成就；D. experience经历， 经验，体验。根据前文“But if you study, ask questions, and try to learn from the locals, 但如果你学习，问问题，试着向当地人学习，”可以推断出不断的学习和问问题会增加旅行的经验。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我只是个游客。A. tourist旅行者，观光客；B. student学生；C. reporter记者；D. businessman商人。由上文老人给作者的建议——要像学生一样去环游世界可知作者在不认识老人之前，只是一个普通的旅行者。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：文化并没有对我产生影响。A. inspire激发，鼓舞；B. change改变；C. help帮助；D. influence影响。根据下文“I left the cities and towns without really knowing anyone or anything. 我离开了城市和小镇，没有认识任何的人也没了解任何的事。”故当地的文化也没有影响到作者。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我匆匆离开，并没有真正的认识任何人，了解任何事可知。A. knowing认识，了解；B. refusing拒绝；C. encouraging鼓励；D. teaching教学。结合后文“anyone or anything”可知此处指作者匆匆离开这些城市，并没有真正认识当地的任何人，了解到任何事。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些人和东西就存在于我曾经去过那些地方。A. disappeared消失； B. existed存在；C. kept保留 ；D. started开始。结合语境，在根据主语“Those people and things”与谓语语义上的合理搭配可知此处指那些人和东西就存在在我曾经去过的地方。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我向自己保证，我会成为一个真正的学生旅行者。A. beautiful美丽的；B. proud自豪的；C. real真正的；D. wise明智的。根据前文作者接受老人的建议——要像学生一样去环游世界再结合语境可知，此处指作者要成为一个真正的学生旅行者。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在成功地从开普敦到开罗旅行了七个月之后，我回到了家。A. difficult困难的；B. successful成功的；C. common常见的，普遍的；D. challenging富于挑战性的。根据下文“This trip satisfied me more than any other trip ever did to me. 这次旅行比以往任何一次旅行都更让我满意。”可知这次旅行是一次成功的旅行。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
After a long summer holiday, my new life at senior high school ____36____ (begin) at last. I was a little ____37____ (anxiety) in the morning, ____38____ (worry) that I would not make new friends. I was not outgoing after all. However, things turned ____39____ just fine. Both my teachers and classmates made a good ____40____ (impress) on me. They were friendly and helpful. In fact, one of my classmates was so talkative ____41____ he kept talking to me over the experiment! Maybe he was just trying to impress me, but I felt quite angry ____42____ I couldn’t concentrate. I was too frightened ____43____ (tell) him to leave me alone. It would be awkward if I did. The classes were much more difficult than ____44____ at junior high school. There is a lot for me ____45____ (explore). I hope I can fit in soon.
【答案】36. began
37. anxious
38. worrying
39. out 40. impression
41. that 42. because
43. to tell
44. those 45. to explore
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一天上高中的所见，所闻和所感。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：经过一个长长的暑假，我在高中的新生活最终开始了。联系上下文，本篇讲述过去的事情，故用一般过去时，此处为句子谓语，主语my new life和谓语动词begin是主动关系。故填began。
2.考查形容词。句意：早上我有点紧张，担心我交不到新朋友。根据was判断此处应用形容词作表语。故填anxious。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：早上我有点紧张，担心我交不到新朋友。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语I和worry之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。故填worrying。
4.考查介词。句意：然而，一切证明没问题。根据句意可知，此处应译为“证明是，结果是”，其固定表达为turn out。故填out。
5.考查名词。句意：我的老师和同学都给我留下了好印象。根据a good判断此处用名词impression单数形式做made的宾语。故填impression。
6.考查固定结构。句意：事实上我的一个同学太能说了以至于实验期间他都一直在和我讲话。根据句意和so判断此处为固定结构so…that…（如此……以至于）。故填that。
7.考查连词。句意：或许他只是为了让我印象深刻，但是我感觉有点生气，因为我不能集中精力。根据句意可知，我生气的原因是因为我不能集中注意力，所以这里表原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
8.考查固定搭配。句意：我太害怕了以至于不敢告诉他别理我。根据固定搭配too…to...(太……而不能……)可知，此处应用不定式。故填to tell。
9.考查指示代词。句意：这些课比初中的课难得多。根据句意可知，此处应用词来代指“初中的课”，在这种前后进行对比的句型中，指代同类异物通常用that或者those，that代指单数或不可数，those代指可数名词复数。故填those。
10.考查不定式作后置定语。句意：对我来说还有很多可以探索的东西。此处考查不定式作后置定语修饰a lot，a lot to explore很多要探索的东西，故填to explore。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是天津和平中学的王华，从互联网上得知一个国际中学生组织将在伦敦举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。你对这个活动非常感兴趣，也想参加。请你写一封电子邮件给活动的负责人史密斯先生，申请参加。内容主要包括：
1.自我介绍（学英语超过十年，可以与人用英语无障碍交流……）；
2.参加活动意图（介绍中国，了解其他国家）；
3.希望获得批准。
要求：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3.邮件的开头结尾已经写好
Dear Mr. Smith，
I am Wang Hua,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Wang Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I am Wang Hua, a middle school student from China. I read the announcement of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it. I know that you welcome students from different countries and I’d like to take part in it. I’ve been learning English for 10 years, and I speak fluent English. I am an outgoing boy, who likes communicating with others. I also have a good sense of humour. I am such a lovely boy that almost all people around me like to make friends with me. What is more, I’ll be able to tell students from other countries about China and learn about their countries as well.
I hope I will be accepted as a member of your summer camp.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Wang Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是天津和平中学的王华，从互联网上得知一个国际中学生组织将在伦敦举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。你对这个活动非常感兴趣，也想参加。请你写一封电子邮件给活动的负责人史密斯先生，申请参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
张贴：post on→put up
参加：take part in→participate in
此外：what is more→besides
可爱的：lovely→adorable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’ve been learning English for 10 years, and I speak fluent English.
拓展句：Since I’ve been learning English for 10 years, I speak fluent English.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I read the announcement of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it. (运用了that引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] I am such a lovely boy that almost all people around me like to make friends with me. (运用了结果状语从句)
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Adam lived with his parents in one city while his grandparents lived far away in another city. Adam’s parents usually took their son to his grandparents’ house during summer holiday every year and stayed there for around 20 days. Adam’s grandfather loved him very much and spent a lot of time playing with him. His grandmother always cooked delicious food for him. Adam loved his stay there. This continued for years. The boy grew up over time.
One day Adam said to his parents, “Now, I am old enough to go to grandparents’ house alone. So, please let me go by myself.”
His parents didn’t agree at first but Adam insisted(坚持). They finally agreed. But they were worried about his safety. So, they taught him everything he needed to know to travel alone.
The day came when Adam was to leave for his grandparents’ house. And his parents came to see him off at the train station. When the boy was comfortably seated on the train, his parents got off and waited for the train to leave.
While waiting, the father went to the window and kept talking to his son. He handed his son an envelope(信封) from the window and said, “Son, if you feel afraid on the way, open this and read it. It will help you to calm down.”
The boy kept that envelope in his pocket carefully and said goodbye to his parents. When the train was ready to leave, the boy smiled and told his father, “I remember everything. Don’t worry.”
At every station where the train stopped, people kept coming and going. The boy started feeling a little lonely.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At one station, a big man with cuts on his face got on the train.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then he remembered his father’s letter.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
At one station, a big man with cuts on his face got on the train. He sat down across from Adam and looked at him coldly. Since the boy was traveling alone for the first time, he got frightened seeing that man. So he looked away and tried to sleep. But he couldn’t help thinking about that man, especially the cuts on the man’s face. He wanted to go and ask the train conductor to change his seat but he feared to tell the conductor his idea.
Then he remembered his father’s letter. He put his hand in his pocket quietly and took out the letter. His father had written, “Don’t be afraid, my little brave man. Just imagine I am here with you on the train, in the neighbouring car.” After reading that letter, the boy’s face lit up without any fear. He put back the letter in his pocket, and then put on his headphone. With relaxing music, he soon fell asleep.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Adam独自一个人坐火车去祖父母家的故事。Adam家和祖父母家住在相隔很远的两个城市，但每年暑假，父母都会带Adam去祖父母家。有一天，Adam说自己长大了，想独自去祖父母家。父母很担心，但还是被说服了。上车前，父母叮嘱了Adam很多，还给了Adam一封信，告诉他如果害怕就打开信封看看。
【详解】1.段落续写
由第一段首句内容“在一个车站，一个脸上有伤口的大个子上了火车。”可知，第一段可描写Adam见到这个脸上带着伤疤的大个子后的反应。
由第二段首句内容“这时他想起了父亲的信。”可知，第二段可描写Adam看了父亲给自己写的信后的反应。
2.续写线索：看到脸上带伤疤的大个子——害怕——想换座位——想到父亲的信——看信——镇定下来
3.词汇激活
行类
登上火车：get on the train / board the train
睡着：fall asleep / drop off to sleep
情绪类
禁不住：can’t help doing / can’t stop doing
变得害怕：get frightened / become scared
【点睛】【高分句型1】Since the boy was traveling alone for the first time, he got frightened seeing that man.(运用了since引导的原因状语从句)
【高分句型2】Just imagine I am here with you on the train, in the neighbouring car.(运用了祈使句和省略了that的宾语从句)
2022-2023学年度上学期高一期中考试
英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
A
Oregon is a beautiful Northwest State, filled with amazing places to visit. Many of these wonderful places are within National Parks. Here are some of this state’s fantastic national parks.
Crater Lake National Park
Crater Lake is one of the most unique areas in Oregon and the country. The park makes a great summer and winter time place to visit. Most of the year the park is covered in snow, and the summer window is very short, lasting only from July to October. During the short summer visitors can enjoy the Rim Drive, hiking, camping, fishing, swimming in the lake and even take a boat tour of the lake.
Fort Vancouver National Historic Site
Visitors to Fort Vancouver have the chance to learn about the history of the fur trade in the Pacific North-west. This place offers travelers the chance to learn about the cultures that lived in the area and it also has information about the military history of this place.
John Day Fossil Beds National Monument
This amazing National Monument protect the changes of ecosystems over 40 million years. Visitors can learn about the amazing history of how plant and animal changed. This park has three parts, where visitors can enjoy the views and learn about the history of this place.
Oregon Caves National Monument
Visitors to the Siskiyou Mountains can explore Oregon Caves National Monument. This National Monument has marble caves. These caves were formed as rainwater from forests above slowly dissolved the surrounding marble, creating these amazing caves. Visitors can take tours of the caves, led by a guide.
1. What can you do in Crater Lake National Park?
A. Swim in December. B. Camp in summer.
C. Dig amazing caves. D. View animals and plants.
2. What can you learn about in John Day Fossil Beds National Monument？
A. The history of the fur trade. B. The military history of the area.
C. The history of plant and animal. D. The cultures of the place.
3. Where can you go if you are interested in caves?
A. Crater Lake National Park B. Oregon Caves National Monument
C. Fort Vancouver National Historic Site D. John Day Fossil Beds National Monument
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国俄勒冈州的一些神奇的国家公园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Crater Lake National Park中“During the short summer visitors can enjoy the Rim Drive, hiking, camping, fishing, swimming in the lake and even take a boat tour of the lake.( 在短暂的夏季里，游客可以在湖边驾车、徒步旅行、露营、钓鱼、游泳，甚至乘船游览湖面)”可知，夏天你可以在Crater Lake国家公园露营。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据John Day Fossil Beds National Monument中“Visitors can learn about the amazing history of how plant and animal changed. (游客可以了解植物和动物如何变化的惊人历史。)”可知，在Day Fossil Beds National Monument，你可以了解植物和动物的历史。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Oregon Caves National Monument中“This National Monument has marble caves. These caves were formed as rainwater from forests above slowly dissolved the surrounding marble, creating these amazing caves. Visitors can take tours of the caves, led by a guide.( 这个国家纪念碑有大理石洞穴。这些洞穴是由森林中的雨水慢慢溶解周围的大理石形成的，创造了这些神奇的洞穴。游客可以在导游的带领下参观洞穴)”可知，Oregon Caves National Monument有很多洞穴，所以如果你对洞穴感兴趣，你可以去Oregon Caves National Monument。故选B。
B
A quick walk onto a frozen pond could have been a disaster for these two boys.
Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthony Skopick, 10, couldn’t agree. Were the birds out on the ice ducks or geese? There was only one way to find out. So on a cold January evening last year, the two friends walked onto the frozen pond near their homes to get a better look.
First, they threw a rock onto the ice to test it. Convinced the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few steps, and then he crashed through the seemingly frozen surface. “There was no sound, no crack,” he told the reporter. “I just fell through instantly.”
Cruz rushed to help his frightened friend. And the pond swallowed him, too. Cruz managed to lift himself out of the water and onto a more solid section. He then cautiously worked his way toward Anthony, but he fell in the pond again. This time, he couldn’t get out.
The boys were in icy cold water and quickly losing feeling in their limbs （四肢）. Cruz was sure that he was going to die.
Anthony’s older sister had seen the boys fall through the ice and started screaming for help. John Lavin, a neighbor driving nearby on his way to the store, heard her. He quickly pulled over. Seeing the boys, he grabbed a nearby buoy（浮标）, kicked off his shoes, and ran into the water. Lavin made his way to Cruz and Anthony and dragged them back to land. They were taken to hospital, where doctors discovered that their five-minute stay in the water had lowered their body temperature nearly ten degrees.
Fortunately, the boys have fully recovered, though they are still a little awestruck (敬畏的) by their fearless neighbor. “Just to think,” says Cruz, “if he hadn’t been there, I could have died.”
4. Why did the boys go to the frozen pond?
A. They were curious about whether the ice could hold their weight.
B. They wanted to have a better look at the pond.
C. They wanted to know what kind of birds were on the ice.
D. They wanted to go skating on the ice.
5. Before the boys walked onto the ice, ______.
A. they argued over who should be the first to go
B. they threw a rock to test whether the ice was strong enough
C. they asked Anthony’s older sister to stay nearby to protect them
D. they grabbed a nearby buoy and kicked off their shoes
6. What did Cruz do when Anthony fell into the pond?
A. He went to help his friend.
B. He went to ask for his sister’s help.
C. He went to ask for his neighbor’s help.
D. He went to find a buoy nearby.
7. From this passage, we can infer that _____.
A. Anthony’s older sister went to the pond with the two boys
B. a strange passer-by saved the two boys
C. Cruz fell into the pond with Anthony at the same time
D. the two boys were very grateful to their neighbor
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述两个小男孩为了观看冰上的鸟，在结冰的池塘上行走，结果掉入水中，被无畏的邻居及时救起的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“Cruz Genet, 11, and Anthony Skopick, 10, couldn’t agree. Were the birds out on the ice ducks or geese? There was only one way to find out. So on a cold January evening last year, the two friends walked onto the frozen pond near their homes to get a better look.” 11岁的Cruz Genet和10岁的Anthony Skopick没能达成一致。在冰上的鸟是鸭子还是鹅?只有一个办法可以知道。因此，在去年1月一个寒冷的晚上，这两个朋友走到他们家附近结冰的池塘上，想看得更清楚一些。因此可知这两个男孩想知道冰上的鸟是鸭子还是鹅，故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“First, they threw a rock onto the ice to test it. Convinced the ice would hold their weight, Anthony took a few steps, and then he crashed through the seemingly frozen surface.” 首先，他们把一块石头扔到冰上测试。确信冰面能承受他们的重量，Anthony走了几步，然后就在冰面上摔了下去。因此可知这两个男孩在走上冰面之前，扔石头测试冰面是否足够结实，故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段的“Cruz rushed to help his frightened friend.” Cruz冲过去帮助他受惊的朋友，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Fortunately, the boys have fully recovered, though they are still a little awestruck (敬畏的) by their fearless neighbor. “Just to think,” says Cruz, “if he hadn’t been there, I could have died.” 幸运的是，男孩们已经完全康复了，尽管他们仍然对他们无畏的邻居有点敬畏。“想想看，”Cruz说，“如果他不在那里，我就会死。”因此可以推断这两个男孩很感激他们的邻居，故选D。
C
Nowadays more and more people like to travel, especially when vacations come. A great number of people rush out of their homes or companies to travelling spots. They either drive or take a bus, a train, a ship and so on. Some even ride bikes.
However, there is another way of travelling-poorism. People have a tour in the poorest areas of the world. Some people may take a one-day poorest tour, and some even pay to stay in very poor neighborhoods to experience the lowest living standards in the world. Poorism tours take place around the world, and not just in the third world countries. You can, for instance, tour New York neighborhoods in the Bronx, in the Bund of Shanghai. Such tours can take people into the heart of poor areas within some large and rich cities. These tours may awaken people to pay more attention to long-standing poverty, or the effects of war.
Some suggest that tours in the poor areas can raise social care. And the money from the tour can be donated to help the people there.
8. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “poorism” in the second paragraph?
A. 贫困 B. 穷人 C. 穷游 D. 可怜的人
9. Some people have poorism tours ________.
A. to show how rich they are B. to experience the poor life
C. to enjoy the beautiful scenes D. to see poor people
10. Poorism tours can make people ________.
A. care for the poverty more B. know about the countryside
C. go to big cities D. go into the heart of rich cities
11. ________ like to travel when vacations come.
A. Few people B. Poor people C. Lots of people D. Rich people
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了穷游成为很多人喜欢的旅游方式，穷游能够使人们更好地体验贫困生活和关心贫困问题。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“However, there is another way of travelling-poorism. People have a tour in the poorest areas of the world. Some people may take a one-day poorest tour, and some even pay to stay in very poor neighborhoods to experience the lowest living standards in the world.(然而，还有另一种poorism旅游的方式。人们在世界上最贫穷的地区旅游。有些人可能会参加为期一天的最贫困之旅，有些人甚至花钱住在非常贫困的社区，以体验世界上最低的生活水平)”可知，还有另一种穷游的方式，划线单词表示“穷游”。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“People have a tour in the poorest areas of the world. Some people may take a one-day poorest tour, and some even pay to stay in very poor neighborhoods to experience the lowest living standards in the world.(人们在世界上最贫穷的地区旅游。有些人可能会参加为期一天的最贫困之旅，有些人甚至花钱住在非常贫困的社区，以体验世界上最低的生活水平)”可知，有些人穷游是为了体验贫穷的生活。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“These tours may awaken people to pay more attention to long-standing poverty, or the effects of war.(这些旅游可能会唤醒人们对长期贫困或战争影响的更多关注)”可知，穷游可以使人们更加关心贫困问题。故选A项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Nowadays more and more people like to travel, especially when vacations come. A great number of people rush out of their homes or companies to travelling spots.(现在越来越多的人喜欢旅游，尤其是假期来的时候。许多人从家里或公司冲出，去旅游景点)”可知，当假期来临，很多人都喜欢旅游。故选C项。
D
Did you know that your weight gain might be less about your willpower and more about how you’ve decorated your home? Factors like the colors of your walls, how you store your food, or whether your bedroom is comfortable enough can all contribute to your eating habits. In short, your house may be making you fat. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.
Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less selfconscious (难为情) when they’re in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn’t have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.
Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint, go blue.
Don’t forget the clock—or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories (卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.
Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.
12. The text is especially helpful for those who care about _________.
A. their body shape B. their home comforts
C. house buying D. healthy diets
13. A home environment in blue can help people ________.
A. digest food better B. regain their appetites
C. burn more calories D. reduce food intake
14. What are people advised to do at mealtimes?
A. Eat quickly. B. Play fast music.
C. Use smaller spoons. D. Turn down the lights.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Ways of Serving Dinner B. Is Your House Making You Fat?
C. Effects of SelfConsciousness D. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家庭环境可能会影响人们的身材体型，人们可以通过调整光线，颜色，声音和餐盘尺寸来把家庭环境变成饮食计划的一部分。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.(你的房子可能会影响你的身材。专家说你房子的设计方式可能会影响到你是否能增加体重或保持体重)”可知，本文可能对注重身材体型的人有帮助。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.(在一项研究中，在蓝色房间吃饭的人比在黄色或红色房间吃饭的人要少吃33%)”可知，人们在蓝色环境中会减少进食。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent.(当我们选择大勺子而不是小勺子时用餐时，总摄入量上升了14%)”可知，选择小勺子用餐可以控制食量。由此推知，就餐时建议人们选用小一点的勺子。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了家庭环境，包括光线，颜色，声音和餐盘尺寸可能会影响人们的身材体型。根据第二段“Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.”（你的房子可能会影响你的身材。专家表示，你的家居设计方式可能会影响到你是增重还是减肥。你可以让你的环境对你有利，而不是对你不利）”可知，短文的最佳标题为“你的房子让你发胖了吗？”。故选B。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever wondered about changing your life for the better? Actually, it costs almost next to nothing. ___16___Here are some of the tested tips for you to have a healthier, more active and happier life.
Get enough sleep. ___17___ Getting enough sleep will help you feel more relaxed and confident to face the difficulties in the day. To help you get a good sleep, do not get excited right before bedtime. Turn off your TV or smartphone. Keep your room dark and quiet. All these measures will help you get the best sleep.
Do more exercise. Physical activity is an important part of a healthier lifestyle. However, if you do not enjoy the type of exercise you choose, it will work against your goal of living a healthier life. ___18___ Enjoyable physical activity will not only help you keep your body strong, but will also affect your feeling positively all day long.
___19___ One key to improving your health and maintaining it is regular health care visits. They will help you to keep your body in better shape and help you improve the exercise effects.
Start a journal. Keeping a journal is a great way to change your life for better. It really helps even if you just keep a food journal. Or you can put down your true feelings, map out your goals and track the results. ___20___
A. Pay attention to your diet.
B. Visit health care professionals regularly.
C. So find a daily exercise that you truly enjoy.
D. You can also sleep as much as you like at weekends.
E. It's usually recommended to get 7 to 9 hours of sleep each night.
F. What you need to do is to make some small changes in your daily life.
G. Your diary will help you to meet those goals and increase the sense of happiness.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。让自己的生活变得更好实际上不需要花什么钱，文章主要提出了一些有助于让生活变得更好的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Have you ever wondered about changing your life for the better? Actually? it costs almost next to nothing.(你有没有想过让自己的生活变得更好？实际上，它几乎不花什么钱)”以及后文“Here are some of the tested tips for you to have a healthier, more active and happier life.(下面是一些经过验证的建议，可以让你拥有更健康、更积极和更快乐的生活)”可知，上文提到让生活变得更好不需要花什么钱，后文则提到了一些建议，故本句属于过渡句，旨在说明让生活变好需要做什么。故F选项“你需要做的是在你的日常生活中做一些小的改变”符合语境，故选F。
17题详解】
根据后文“Getting enough sleep will help you feel more relaxed and confident to face the difficulties in the day. To help you get a good sleep, do not get excited right before bedtime. Turn off your TV or smartphone. Keep your room dark and quiet. All these measures will help you get the best sleep.(充足的睡眠会让你更放松，更有信心面对白天的困难。为了让你睡个好觉，睡前不要兴奋。关掉电视或智能手机。保持房间黑暗和安静。所有这些措施都会帮助你获得最好的睡眠)”可知，本段的建议是获得充足的睡眠，后文则说明了睡眠充足的好处，E选项中get 7 to 9 hours of sleep对应后文中Getting enough sleep。故E选项“通常建议每晚睡7到9个小时”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Do more exercise. Physical activity is an important part of a healthier lifestyle. However, if you do not enjoy the type of exercise you choose, it will work against your goal of living a healthier life.(多锻炼。体育活动是健康生活方式的重要组成部分。然而，如果你不喜欢你选择的运动类型，它将与你过更健康生活的目标背道而驰)”以及后文“Enjoyable physical activity will not only help you keep your body strong, but will also affect your feeling positively all day long.(愉快的体育活动不仅会帮助你保持身体强壮，而且还会影响你一整天的积极感觉)”可知，本段主要是关于锻炼的建议，上文提到如果不喜欢你选择的运动类型，它将与你过更健康生活的目标背道而驰，故本句与上文构成因果关系，说明要选择自己真正喜欢的锻炼。故C选项“所以，找一种你真正喜欢的日常锻炼”符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据后文“One key to improving your health and maintaining it is regular health care visits. They will help you to keep your body in better shape and help you improve the exercise effects.(改善和保持健康的一个关键是定期的健康检查。它们将帮助你保持更好的体型，帮助你提高锻炼效果)”可知，后文提到要定期健康检查，可知本段主要是关于定期健康检查的建议，B选项中regularly对应后文中regular。故B选项“定期访问保健专业人员”符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Start a journal. Keeping a journal is a great way to change your life for better. It really helps even if you just keep a food journal. Or you can put down your true feelings, map out your goals and track the results.(开始写日记。写日记是改善生活的好方法。这真的很有帮助，即使你只是保持一个食物日记。或者你可以写下你的真实感受，制定你的目标并跟踪结果)”可知，本段提出的建议是写日记，本句为本段最后一句，应当承接上文，说明记日记的好处。G选项中diary对应上文中journal。故G选项“你的日记将帮助你实现这些目标，增加幸福感”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was 25 years old, I had a big dream in my mind and lots of things in my backpack. I wanted to travel around Africa with my ___21___. So I left my hometown with great confidence and ___22___ in Cape Town on a one-way ticket, not really sure what to do next.___23___, before my trip actually started, I met a kind, old Nigerian man. He gave me the best travel___24___ I ever received: “Be like a student on your way around the world.”
It sounds ___25___, but it really changed my mind about travelling. He helped me ___26___ that travel is about learning and observing different ___27___. “It’s far too easy to go into a new country for you and believe your ways are better. But if you study, ask questions, and ___28___ to learn from the locals, you’ll have far richer ___29___, ” he promised me.
On other trips since I was on my tour way to Cancun, I didn’t know the man so I was just a____30____. I only stayed there for a week to see the sights and places of interest and then left. The culture didn’t ____31____ me. I left the cities and towns without really ____32____ anyone or anything. Those people and things ____33____ in those very places to which I had paid a visit.
This time, I promised myself that I would be a ____34____ student traveller. After seven months of ____35____ travelling from Cape Town to Cairo, I returned home. Having a student-like attitude helped me learn a lot. This trip satisfied me more than any other trip ever did to me.
21. A. friend B. pet C. backpack D. family
22. A. continued B. stopped C. danced D. arrived
23. A. Certainly B. Luckily C. Truly D. Sadly
24. A. knowledge B. feeling C. advice D. reason
25. A. simple B. funny C. boring D. foolish
26. A. remember B. choose C. improve D. realize
27. A. cultures B. events C. places D. backgrounds
28. A. accept B. try C. decide D. forget
29. A. task B. dream C. achievement D. experience
30. A. tourist B. student C. reporter D. businessman
31. A. inspire B. change C. help D. influence
32. A. knowing B. refusing C. encouraging D. teaching
33. A. disappeared B. existed C. kept D. started
34. A. beautiful B. proud C. real D. wise
35. A. difficult B. successful C. common D. challenging
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲了作者在接受了一位老人的建议后才明白了旅行的意义。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想背着背包环游非洲。A. friend朋友；B. pet宠物；C. backpack背包；D. family家人。根据文章第一句“I had a big dream in my mind and lots of things in my backpack”可知，作者有一个梦想——背着行囊环游非洲。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我满怀信心地离开了家乡，坐着单程票来到开普敦。A. continued继续；B. stopped停止；C. danced跳舞；D. arrived达到。短语：arrive in 到达。根据上文“I left my hometown”可知此处指到达目的地开普敦。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在我的旅行开始之前，我遇到了一位善良的尼日利亚老人。A. Certainly当然，肯定地；B. Luckily 幸运地；C. Truly真正地；D. Sadly悲哀地。根据前文“not really sure what to do next我不确定下一步该做什么”及下文“I met a kind, old Nigerian man. 我遇到了一个和蔼的尼日利亚老人。”可知作者刚到达时不知所措，但是遇见了一个和蔼的老人，可见作者是幸运地。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了我最好的旅行建议：像一个学生一样去环游世界。 A. knowledge知识；B. feeling感觉；C. advice建议；D. reason理由。根据文章最后一段中“Having a student-like attitude helped me learn a lot.”可知，老人给了作者旅行的建议。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来很简单，但这确实改变了我对旅行的看法。A. simple简单的；B. funny滑稽的；C. boring无聊的；D. foolish愚蠢的。分析可知“Be like a student on your way around the world. 像一个学生一样环游世界。”这一是一条简单易懂的建议，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他帮助我意识到旅行就是学习和观察不同的文化。A. remember记住；B. choose选择；C. improve提高；D. realize意识到。下文“travel is about learning and observing different旅行就是学习和观察不同的……”是作者对旅行的感悟，结合语境可知D选项realize“意识到”与此处的“感悟”搭配最为恰当。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他帮助我意识到旅行就是学习和观察不同的文化。A. cultures文化；B. events事件；C. places地方；D. backgrounds背景。由下文“The culture didn’t…me.”的词汇复现可知，是观察不同的文化。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动名词词义辨析。句意：如果你学习、问问题并试图向当地人学习，你会拥有更加丰富多彩体验。A. accept接受；B. try试图；C. decide决定；D. forget忘记。根据后文“to learn from the locals”可知此处指试着向当地人学习，短语：try to do…“努力做……，尝试做……”。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你学习、问问题并试图向当地人学习，你会拥有更加丰富多彩的体验。A. task任务；B. dream梦想；C. achievement成就；D. experience经历， 经验，体验。根据前文“But if you study, ask questions, and try to learn from the locals, 但如果你学习，问问题，试着向当地人学习，”可以推断出不断的学习和问问题会增加旅行的经验。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我只是个游客。A. tourist旅行者，观光客；B. student学生；C. reporter记者；D. businessman商人。由上文老人给作者的建议——要像学生一样去环游世界可知作者在不认识老人之前，只是一个普通的旅行者。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：文化并没有对我产生影响。A. inspire激发，鼓舞；B. change改变；C. help帮助；D. influence影响。根据下文“I left the cities and towns without really knowing anyone or anything. 我离开了城市和小镇，没有认识任何的人也没了解任何的事。”故当地的文化也没有影响到作者。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我匆匆离开，并没有真正的认识任何人，了解任何事可知。A. knowing认识，了解；B. refusing拒绝；C. encouraging鼓励；D. teaching教学。结合后文“anyone or anything”可知此处指作者匆匆离开这些城市，并没有真正认识当地的任何人，了解到任何事。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些人和东西就存在于我曾经去过那些地方。A. disappeared消失； B. existed存在；C. kept保留 ；D. started开始。结合语境，在根据主语“Those people and things”与谓语语义上的合理搭配可知此处指那些人和东西就存在在我曾经去过的地方。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我向自己保证，我会成为一个真正的学生旅行者。A. beautiful美丽的；B. proud自豪的；C. real真正的；D. wise明智的。根据前文作者接受老人的建议——要像学生一样去环游世界再结合语境可知，此处指作者要成为一个真正的学生旅行者。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在成功地从开普敦到开罗旅行了七个月之后，我回到了家。A. difficult困难的；B. successful成功的；C. common常见的，普遍的；D. challenging富于挑战性的。根据下文“This trip satisfied me more than any other trip ever did to me. 这次旅行比以往任何一次旅行都更让我满意。”可知这次旅行是一次成功的旅行。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
After a long summer holiday, my new life at senior high school ____36____ (begin) at last. I was a little ____37____ (anxiety) in the morning, ____38____ (worry) that I would not make new friends. I was not outgoing after all. However, things turned ____39____ just fine. Both my teachers and classmates made a good ____40____ (impress) on me. They were friendly and helpful. In fact, one of my classmates was so talkative ____41____ he kept talking to me over the experiment! Maybe he was just trying to impress me, but I felt quite angry ____42____ I couldn’t concentrate. I was too frightened ____43____ (tell) him to leave me alone. It would be awkward if I did. The classes were much more difficult than ____44____ at junior high school. There is a lot for me ____45____ (explore). I hope I can fit in soon.
【答案】36. began
37. anxious
38. worrying
39. out 40. impression
41. that 42. because
43. to tell
44. those 45. to explore
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一天上高中的所见，所闻和所感。
【详解】1.考查时态。句意：经过一个长长的暑假，我在高中的新生活最终开始了。联系上下文，本篇讲述过去的事情，故用一般过去时，此处为句子谓语，主语my new life和谓语动词begin是主动关系。故填began。
2.考查形容词。句意：早上我有点紧张，担心我交不到新朋友。根据was判断此处应用形容词作表语。故填anxious。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：早上我有点紧张，担心我交不到新朋友。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语I和worry之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。故填worrying。
4.考查介词。句意：然而，一切证明没问题。根据句意可知，此处应译为“证明是，结果是”，其固定表达为turn out。故填out。
5.考查名词。句意：我的老师和同学都给我留下了好印象。根据a good判断此处用名词impression单数形式做made的宾语。故填impression。
6.考查固定结构。句意：事实上我的一个同学太能说了以至于实验期间他都一直在和我讲话。根据句意和so判断此处为固定结构so…that…（如此……以至于）。故填that。
7.考查连词。句意：或许他只是为了让我印象深刻，但是我感觉有点生气，因为我不能集中精力。根据句意可知，我生气的原因是因为我不能集中注意力，所以这里表原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
8.考查固定搭配。句意：我太害怕了以至于不敢告诉他别理我。根据固定搭配too…to...(太……而不能……)可知，此处应用不定式。故填to tell。
9.考查指示代词。句意：这些课比初中的课难得多。根据句意可知，此处应用词来代指“初中的课”，在这种前后进行对比的句型中，指代同类异物通常用that或者those，that代指单数或不可数，those代指可数名词复数。故填those。
10.考查不定式作后置定语。句意：对我来说还有很多可以探索的东西。此处考查不定式作后置定语修饰a lot，a lot to explore很多要探索的东西，故填to explore。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是天津和平中学的王华，从互联网上得知一个国际中学生组织将在伦敦举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。你对这个活动非常感兴趣，也想参加。请你写一封电子邮件给活动的负责人史密斯先生，申请参加。内容主要包括：
1.自我介绍（学英语超过十年，可以与人用英语无障碍交流……）；
2.参加活动意图（介绍中国，了解其他国家）；
3.希望获得批准。
要求：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3.邮件的开头结尾已经写好
Dear Mr. Smith，
I am Wang Hua,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Wang Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I am Wang Hua, a middle school student from China. I read the announcement of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it. I know that you welcome students from different countries and I’d like to take part in it. I’ve been learning English for 10 years, and I speak fluent English. I am an outgoing boy, who likes communicating with others. I also have a good sense of humour. I am such a lovely boy that almost all people around me like to make friends with me. What is more, I’ll be able to tell students from other countries about China and learn about their countries as well.
I hope I will be accepted as a member of your summer camp.
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Wang Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是天津和平中学的王华，从互联网上得知一个国际中学生组织将在伦敦举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。你对这个活动非常感兴趣，也想参加。请你写一封电子邮件给活动的负责人史密斯先生，申请参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
张贴：post on→put up
参加：take part in→participate in
此外：what is more→besides
可爱的：lovely→adorable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’ve been learning English for 10 years, and I speak fluent English.
拓展句：Since I’ve been learning English for 10 years, I speak fluent English.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I read the announcement of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it. (运用了that引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] I am such a lovely boy that almost all people around me like to make friends with me. (运用了结果状语从句)
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Adam lived with his parents in one city while his grandparents lived far away in another city. Adam’s parents usually took their son to his grandparents’ house during summer holiday every year and stayed there for around 20 days. Adam’s grandfather loved him very much and spent a lot of time playing with him. His grandmother always cooked delicious food for him. Adam loved his stay there. This continued for years. The boy grew up over time.
One day Adam said to his parents, “Now, I am old enough to go to grandparents’ house alone. So, please let me go by myself.”
His parents didn’t agree at first but Adam insisted(坚持). They finally agreed. But they were worried about his safety. So, they taught him everything he needed to know to travel alone.
The day came when Adam was to leave for his grandparents’ house. And his parents came to see him off at the train station. When the boy was comfortably seated on the train, his parents got off and waited for the train to leave.
While waiting, the father went to the window and kept talking to his son. He handed his son an envelope(信封) from the window and said, “Son, if you feel afraid on the way, open this and read it. It will help you to calm down.”
The boy kept that envelope in his pocket carefully and said goodbye to his parents. When the train was ready to leave, the boy smiled and told his father, “I remember everything. Don’t worry.”
At every station where the train stopped, people kept coming and going. The boy started feeling a little lonely.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At one station, a big man with cuts on his face got on the train.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then he remembered his father’s letter.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
At one station, a big man with cuts on his face got on the train. He sat down across from Adam and looked at him coldly. Since the boy was traveling alone for the first time, he got frightened seeing that man. So he looked away and tried to sleep. But he couldn’t help thinking about that man, especially the cuts on the man’s face. He wanted to go and ask the train conductor to change his seat but he feared to tell the conductor his idea.
Then he remembered his father’s letter. He put his hand in his pocket quietly and took out the letter. His father had written, “Don’t be afraid, my little brave man. Just imagine I am here with you on the train, in the neighbouring car.” After reading that letter, the boy’s face lit up without any fear. He put back the letter in his pocket, and then put on his headphone. With relaxing music, he soon fell asleep.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Adam独自一个人坐火车去祖父母家的故事。Adam家和祖父母家住在相隔很远的两个城市，但每年暑假，父母都会带Adam去祖父母家。有一天，Adam说自己长大了，想独自去祖父母家。父母很担心，但还是被说服了。上车前，父母叮嘱了Adam很多，还给了Adam一封信，告诉他如果害怕就打开信封看看。
【详解】1.段落续写
由第一段首句内容“在一个车站，一个脸上有伤口的大个子上了火车。”可知，第一段可描写Adam见到这个脸上带着伤疤的大个子后的反应。
由第二段首句内容“这时他想起了父亲的信。”可知，第二段可描写Adam看了父亲给自己写的信后的反应。
2.续写线索：看到脸上带伤疤的大个子——害怕——想换座位——想到父亲的信——看信——镇定下来
3.词汇激活
行类
登上火车：get on the train / board the train
睡着：fall asleep / drop off to sleep
情绪类
禁不住：can’t help doing / can’t stop doing
变得害怕：get frightened / become scared
【点睛】【高分句型1】Since the boy was traveling alone for the first time, he got frightened seeing that man.(运用了since引导的原因状语从句)
【高分句型2】Just imagine I am here with you on the train, in the neighbouring car.(运用了祈使句和省略了that的宾语从句)
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