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2022-2023学年内蒙古自治区乌兰察布市集宁区第二中学高三上学期10月期中英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年内蒙古自治区乌兰察布市集宁区第二中学高三上学期10月期中英语试题含解析，共18页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
内蒙古乌兰察布市集宁区第二中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期中考试
英语试卷
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Washington， D．C． Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
Duration：3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world﹣famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington， D．C． Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom． Reserve your spot before availability ﹣ and the cherry blossoms ﹣ disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration： 3 hours （4 miles）
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington， D．C． Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop． Guided tour includes bike， helmet，cookies and bottled water．
Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
Duration： 3 hours
Morning or Afternoon， this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C． newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington， D．C． in a healthy way with minimum effort． Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress， memorials， and parks． Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route（路线） make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing．
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration： 3 hours （7 miles）
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington， D C． Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall． Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history． Tour includes bike， helmet， and bottled water． All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights．
1. Which tour do you need to book in advance？_____
A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，DC
B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour．
C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington， DC
D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour．
2. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour？_____
A. Meet famous people． B. Go to a national park．
C. Visit well﹣known museums． D. Enjoy interesting stories．
3. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide？_____
A. City maps． B. Cameras．
C. Meals． D. Safety lights．
B
Wherever we go,we are surrounded by history.Across the globe,cultural heritage is passed down through the generations.It is in the buildings and structures around us.It is in the arts and artifacts （手工艺品） we treasure.It lives in the languages we speak and the stories we tell.But today,it is under attack as never before.Not only are the damages of time threatening our cultural heritage,but conflicts,climate change,globalization and tourism are all a heavy price.Technology is now the most essential weapon in the battle.Here's how technology is preserving our cultural heritage.
As you can imagine,creating the replicas （复制品） via crowd sourced 2 D images is extremely time-consuming.Increasingly,artificial intelligence （AI） algorithms （算法） are being used to do all the required sourcing,allowing millions of images to be stored in a matter of hours.AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods.
Virtual reality （VR） technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years.
Many of the most important sites and architecture are extremely fragile.Human interaction with these locations is doing a great deal of harm.Wastes accumulate everywhere,causing enormous problems.As more cultural heritagesites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded,VR technology will increasingly become the way that people experience them.We'll all eventually be able to walk through places,look at （and touch!） artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes.
Finally,our cultural heritage will be preserved via technology.Efforts in research,innovation,data sharing and project work will help promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.
4. What does the underlined word "exacting" in paragraph 1 mean？ ______
A. Paying B. Cutting C. Receiving D. Demanding
5. What is the advantage of AI in preserving cultural heritage ______
A. It generates 2 D images.
B. It makes restoration easier.
C. It makes preservation safer.
D. It creates replicas in seconds.
6. How does VR help to preserve cultural heritage？ ______
A. By recycling huge amounts of waste.
B. By reducing human impact on the site.
C. By forbidding visitors from touching artifacts.
D. By educating people about the sites' importance.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. How Technology Change Art
B. What Cultural Heritage Means to Us
C. Preserve the Ancient with the Advanced
D. Prepare for a Revolution in Technology
C
My best friend traveled to stay with our family last weekend.When she arrived,she went straight to the kitchen and,without asking,ate a spoonful of raspberry jam and some dried fruit.She wasn't being rude.I knew she would do this.We've known each other for almost 20 years.She can eat anything she wants from my kitchen.Indeed,I bought her favorite fruits and snacks at the shop that morning.
Our long weekend together was luxuriously （惬意地） simple.I was recovering from surgery and couldn't go to shopping malls.We passed the time running errands （做杂事），going to the post office and collecting dry cleaning.We drank way too many cappuccinos.But we talked.About every little detail of our lives.
There's never been a quiet moment in our friendship.We've lived in different cities for almost a decade.Reunions demand constant conversation.our personalities are matched,to be sure,and a shared history is indescribably valuable.We were competitors in high school before bonding over a bad experience.Then we discovered the many interests that we had in common.Our friendship cemented （巩固） itself quickly.We stayed companions through law school,through our first jobs and our first boyfriends.We supported each other through break-ups and breakthroughs.Ours is a friendship for the ages.
There is something special about friends who know everyone and everything about you.They are rare.These are the people you've chosen to witness your life.They have seen the bright lights of achievement,the depths of despair and the boring routine （平淡乏味） of the in-between.
It's special to unpack feelings and frustrations without wasting time filling in the blanks.As my long weekend shows,with such friends we don't have to "do"，we simply have to "be".We drop the act,the performance,the public version of ourselves.
The special friendships are those which never fail to delight,the continuation of which is worth the extra effort,despite distance and difference sneaking （溜进） into your separate lives.I had the very great joy of this reminder last weekend.I'm lucky to have found this friend,to see a future where her companionship remains.Being together is perfection.
8. What happened during her best friend's visit？ ______
A. They enjoyed an eventful long weekend.
B. They bonded by having long conversations.
C. They made their favorite snacks and coffee.
D. They talked about recent news events.
9. One thing that the author appreciates about their friendship is that ______ .
A. they help each other deal with the boredom of life
B. they prefer to witness each other's lives from far away
C. they try to show each other their best selves
D. they are comfortable being themselves when together
10. Which of the following would the author agree with？ ______
A. Charm comes from differences.
B. Politeness brings best friends closer.
C. Good friendships last naturally.
D. Good friendships need devotion.
11. The author's main purpose in writing this article is to ______ .
A. describe what her best friend is like
B. tell about the friendship she treasures
C. explore the key aspects of friendship
D. express thanks to her best friend
D
Imagine your smartphone's screen gets broken,or your favourite boots get a hole in them.What do you do？You could buy a replacement.Or you could join the worldwide trend of taking your broken stuff to a "repair café".
The Bower Reuse and Repair Centre has just launched Australia's first repair café，in Sydney's inner west.The crowd-funded project will hold weekly repair sessions focusing on bikes,furniture and electrical items.
The first repair café was set up in Amsterdam in 2009，and the Repair Cafe Foundation says there are now more than 400 around the world.A repair café is a free face-to-face meeting of skilled volunteers and local residents who want things fixed.Visitors bring broken items from home and watch,learn or help as the repairs get done.Some things are fixed during the event,while for more challenging items people might be referred to local speciality repair shops.
Last year,according to the ABS，Australians sent more than half a million tons of leather to landfill—more than ten times the amount that was reused or recycled.Mending represents an attempt to resist the throwaway culture.Repair cafés get people talking and give them the chance to network and learn about the local resources available.And,perhaps most surprisingly for anyone who considers mending to be some kind of drudgery，repair cafés can be fun and creative.
"In a circular economy,repair cafés fit right in"，says the organiser Martine Postma.In rejecting buy-use-throw,the circular economy aims to keep resources moving around in the economy,rather than moving them through it to a dead end,where they cannot be put into valuable use.
It might be quicker and easier to throw stuff in the bin,but it's more expensive and less fun too.
12. What can we know about the repair café in Sydney？ ______
A. It's financed by the government.
B. Its visitors are involved in the fixing.
C. It's the first repair café in the world.
D. All items are fixed during the event.
13. Why does the author discuss landfill in paragraph 4？ ______
A. To stress the difficulty of landfill.
B. To indicate the urgency of reusing.
C. To support the throwaway culture.
D. To show the influence of repair cafés.
14. What does the underlined word "drudgery" in paragraph 4 mean？ ______
A. Special network. B. Weekly meetings.
C. Unpleasant work. D. Interesting games.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Places to Meet Up and Drink
B. Repair and Share Every Month
C. Repair Cafes Continue the Art of Mending
D. Repair Cafes Fix Things- Including the Economy
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
The direction of our lives is determined by the choices we make every day. (1) .
Choose to break a bad habit
(2) your friends and family can always tell you.Then make every effort to break them and always replace them with new positive ones.
Choose to work smarter
Many people feel like their lives are out of balance and that they don't have enough time to do everything they want to.First of all,you need to be aware of the time that you might be wasting by doing activities that are not creating results. (3) ， such as setting up a schedule and sticking to it,will make your life flow better.
Choose to give your work a sense of purpose
Helping and encouraging other people will not only make your life be more meaningful,but it will also make you more money.If you put your heart and your efforts into helping others,then the financial part of life takes care of itself. (4)
(5)
There are many takers in this world,but our lives will be better as we become givers and serve the world as givers.You want to learn to become unselfish with yourself and learn to give your time,your money,and of course,your love.
A.Spend your time helping others grow and your finances will grow with it
B.Therefore ，learning some good time management techniques
C.To work with purposes is a good choice
D.If you don't know what your bad habits are
E.The following choices will contribute to personal success
F.Choose to sow more than you harvest
G.Choose to form good habits
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They (21) with them lots of waste. The (22) might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the (23) of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories, I'm (24) about the place—other destinations are described as "purer" natural experiences.
However, I soon (25) that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of (26) among tons of rubbish. I find a (27) mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are (28) but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be (29) .
The best of a Kilimanjaro (30) , in my opinion, isn't reaching the top. Mountains are (31) as spiritual places by many cultures. This (32) is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as (33) go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, (34) lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather (35) —low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I (36) twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland (37) : gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. (38) you climb into an arctic-like zone with (39) snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro (40) its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.
21. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
22. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
23. A. position B. age C. face D. name
24. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
25. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
26. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
27. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean
28. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
29. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
30. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
31. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
32. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
33. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
34. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
35. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits
36. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
37. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
38. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
39. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
40. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire
41. 第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
42. According to a new report by IPCC（Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change），the deadly heat waves,floods (1) droughts are disturbing the (2) （life） of thousands of people from the American West to southern Europe and central China.And they will be likely only to get (3) （bad） as global temperatures continue to rise. "So far,all regions of the world (4) （affect） by some extremes," says Sonia Seneviratne,an environmental (5) （science）. "We can link extreme weather to climate change in (6) same way we can link cancer to smoking," says Friederike Otto,one of the report's authors.And,like smoking,the damage is hard (7) （disappear），Otto says.The most important thing,experts say,is to make sure these events don't grow even more common and intense (8) they are now. "I feel (9) （strong）that the public needs to know that dangerous climate change is here and now," says Michael Wehner,an extreme weather researcher.To limit global warming to just 2℃，Wehner says,"It's my feeling that we would have to do something rather extreme." Something extreme,he adds,means completely (10) （get） rid of consumption of coal,oil,and natural gas.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
43. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
(2)只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
Last week, I take part in the Cultural Exchange Week but enjoyed myself in England. I visited the city museum and several place of interest, which made me have better understanding of the English society, culture and history.
What's more, I was luckily enough to meet my pen friend Tom there. I stayed at his home. And I'll never forget the days when we spent together．When I left England, he offered to me a dictionary as a gift. It's of great help for me to learning English. I will make full use of them and learn English well．
I hope Tom will come to China when it's convenience for him!
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
44. 假定你是李华，上周日你校举行了消防演练（a fire drill）活动。请你以"A Meaningful Fire Drill"为题给校英文报写一篇报道。
内容包括：
1.参与人员；
2.活动的过程；
3.活动的意义。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.题目已为你写好。
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、D、D
【解析】【文章大意】文章介绍了华盛顿的四个骑行路线，具体介绍了它们从骑行时间，骑行路线及注意事项等信息。
【关键词】Washington; D.C. Bicycle Tours…
1. 细节理解。文中Reserve your spot before availability - and the cherry blossoms - disappear!可知樱花消失之前要提前预定自己的位置，故选A。2. 细节理解。根据 Knowledgeable guides will entrtain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks.可知知识渊博的导游会给你带来最有趣的关于总统、国会、纪念馆和公园的故事，故选D。
3. 细节理解。根据All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights可知所有骑手都配有反光背心和安全灯，故选D。
4~7.【答案】A、B、B、C
【解析】（1）A.词句猜测题。根据文章第一段"But today,it is under attack as never before.Not only are the damages of time threatening our cultural heritage（但今天，文化受到前所未有的攻击。时间的破坏不仅威胁着我们的文化遗产）"可知，后文应该讲的是冲突、气候变化、全球化和旅游业都在要求付出沉重的代价。可以猜测exacting为"要求付出"。结合选项A.Paying支付；B.Cutting切割；C.Receiving收到；D.Demanding要求。故选A。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据文章第二段"AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods.（人工智能还将使现有文化遗产的恢复和保护变得更加容易，并且大大优于以前的方法。）"可知，人工智能使现有文化遗产的恢复变得更容易。故选B。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据文章第三段"As more cultural heritagesites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded,VR technology will increasingly become the way that people experience them.We'll all eventually be able to walk through places,look at （and touch!） artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes.（随着越来越多的文化遗址和文物被数字地图和记录，虚拟现实技术将越来越成为人们体验它们的方式。我们最终都将能够在不同的地方穿行，观看（和触摸! ）手工艺品和艺术品却不用真正看到它们。）"可知，VR技术可以模拟出这些文化遗产让我们感受而不用去现场，从而减少人类对文化遗址的影响以及破坏。故选B。
（4）C.标题归纳题。根据文章第一段最后一句话"Here's how technology is preserving our cultural heritage.（以下是科技如何保护我们的文化遗产。）"以及文章最后一段"Finally,our cultural heritage will be preserved via technology.Efforts in research,innovation,data sharing and project work will help promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.（最后，我们的文化遗产将通过技术得到保护。研究、创新、数据共享和项目工作的努力将有助于促进和保护世界各国的文化遗产。）"可知，本文主要介绍现代技术应用在文化遗产的保护上。而C项Preserve the Ancient with the Advanced（用先进的技术保护古代）切合文意。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现代技术（Al和VR）怎样应用在文化遗产的保护上。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
8~11.【答案】B、D、D、C
【解析】（1）B．推理判断题。通过文章第二段"Our long weekend together was luxuriously simple. （我们在一起的长周末过得很惬意，很简单）"以及"But we talked.About every little detail of our lives. （但是我们进行了交谈。有关生活中的每一个细节）"可推知，作者最好的朋友来访期间，她们通过长谈而变得更亲密。故选B项。
（2）D．推理判断题。通过文章倒数第二段"As my long weekend shows,with such friends we don't have to "do"，we simply have to "be".We drop the act,the performance,the public version of ourselves. （正如我的周末所表明的那样，有这样的朋友，我们不需要"做些什么"，我们只需要做我们自己。我们放弃装模作样，放弃表演，以及公众场合的面具）"可推知，作者欣赏他们友谊的原因之一是她们在一起时很自在，不必虚情假意。故选D项。
（3）D．推理判断题。通过文章最后一段"The special friendships are those which never fail to delight,the continuation of which is worth the extra effort,despite distance and difference sneaking into your separate lives. （特殊的友谊是那些永远不会忘记快乐的友谊，尽管距离和差异会默默影响你们各自的生活，但这种友谊的延续值得付出额外的努力）"可推知，作者认为良好的友谊需要奉献。故选D项
（4）C．写作意图题。通读全文，再根据文章第三段"Reunions demand constant conversation. （团聚需要不断的交谈）"以及文章最后一段"the continuation of which is worth the extra effort （这种友谊的延续值得付出额外的努力）"可推知，作者在讲述自己和朋友之间的友谊的同时点明了建立、发展和保持友谊的重要因素，所以作者写这篇文章的主要目的是探索维系友谊的重要因素。故选C项。
本文是一篇日常生活类阅读。作者通过介绍自己和朋友相处的点点滴滴的故事，表示自己十分珍惜与朋友间的这段友谊，同时告诉读者，维系良好的友谊需要奉献。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
12~15.【答案】B、B、C、D
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据文章第三段"A repair café is a free face-to-face meeting of skilled volunteers and local residents who want things fixed.Visitors bring broken items from home and watch,learn or help as the repairs get done.（维修咖啡馆是一个由技术熟练的志愿者和希望解决问题的当地居民组成的免费面对面会议。游客从家里带来损坏的物品，观看、学习或帮助维修工作。）"可知，维修咖啡馆的游客会参与到修理过程。故选B。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据文章第四段"Last year,according to the ABS，Australians sent more than half a million tons of leather to landfill—more than ten times the amount that was reused or recycled.Mending represents an attempt to resist the throwaway culture.（根据澳大利亚统计局的数据，去年澳大利亚人将50多万吨皮革送往垃圾填埋场，是重复使用或回收数量的十倍多。修补代表着一种抵制一次性文化的尝试。）"可推断，由于污染越来越严重，所以作者讨论了填埋表明了重复使用的紧迫性。故选B。
（3）C.词义猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词后半句"repair cafes can be fun and creative. （维修咖啡馆可以充满乐趣和创造性。）"可知，很多人认为修理是一件苦差事。所以drudgery为"苦差事"之意。结合选项A.Special network.特殊网络；B.Weekly meetings.每周例会；C.Unpleasant work.不愉快的工作；D.Interesting games.有趣的游戏。故选C。
（4）D.标题归纳题。根据文章倒数第二段" "In a circular economy,repair cafés fit right in"，says the organiser Martine Postma.In rejecting buy-use-throw,the circular economy aims to keep resources moving around in the economy,rather than moving them through it to a dead end,where they cannot be put into valuable use.（"在循环经济中，维修咖啡馆非常适合"，组织者玛蒂娜说。通过拒绝"买-用-扔"，循环经济的目的是让资源在经济中流动，而不是将它们推向死胡同，使它们无法得到有价值的利用。）"及全文可知，文章主要介绍了维修咖啡馆，顾客可以参与到物品修理过程中，从而达到环保和经济循环。所以"Repair Cafes Fix Things- Including theEconomy（修理咖啡馆修理东西----包括经济）"作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了维修咖啡馆，顾客可以参与到物品修理过程中，从而达到环保和经济循环。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
16~20.【答案】E、D、B、A、F
【解析】（1）E.细节理解题。此句所在位置应起到承上启下的作用。根据每段的小标题"Choose to ..."可知，下文主要介绍了一些重要的选择。E选项"The following choices will contribute to personal success（以下选择将有助于个人成功）"引出下文。故选E。
（2）D.语境衔接题。根据小标题"Choose to break a bad habit（选择打破一个坏习惯）"可知，这一段会围绕着关键词"bad habit"展开论述。且因为空后的标点符号是逗号，此空应该填一个从句，D选项If you don't know what your bad habits are（如果你不知道自己的坏习惯是什么）符合条件。故选D。
（3）B.推理判断题。分析句子结构，"___ ，such as stting up a schedule and sticking to it,will make your life flow better. "这个句子中缺少主语成分。选项中B选项"Therefore ，learning some good time management techniques（因此，学习一些好的时间管理技巧）"是一个动名词短语，可充当句子主语；且"setting up a schedule（设置计划）属于时间管理技巧，语境相符。故选B。
（4）A.语境衔接题。根据上文"Helping and encouraging other people will not only make your life be more meaningful,but it will also make you more money.（帮助并且鼓励别人不仅使你的生活更加有意义，而且也会使你赚更多的钱。）"可知，帮助别人的同时，也可以挣更多的钱。A项"Spend your time helping others grow and your finances will grow with it（花时间帮助别人成长，那么你的收入也会随之增加）"与之呼应。故选A。
（5）F.标题归纳题。此空所在位置应属于小标题。根据前三个小标题的特征，都是含有"Choose to ...的祈使句，所以只有F和G符合语境。再根据下文"our lives will be better as we become givers and serve the world as givers.（当我们成为奉献者，并以奉献者的身份为世界服务时，我们的生活会变得更好。）"可知，我们应该多"给予"，而不是"索取"。F选项"Choose to sow more than you harvest （选择播种而不是收获）"与语境相符。故选F。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些有助于获得成功的选择。
考查选句填空。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】D、C、C、B、A、C、D、C、A、B、D、A、B、D、A、C、B、D、A、B
【解析】【文章大意】文章介绍乞力马扎罗山每天都充满了游客，这些人群对山上的生态造成了破坏。爬山的目的不在于登顶，而在于精神的领悟。
1. 句意：他们带来了大量的垃圾。A.保持；B.使混合；C.连接，联系；D.带来。由“lots of waste”可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故选D。
2. 句意：人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。A.故事；B.建筑物，大楼；C.人群；D.记者。由“40,000”可知，这是一个庞大的群体。故选C。
3. 句意：冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。A.位置；B.年龄；C.脸，面貌；D.名字。冰川是乞力马扎罗山的地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。根据语境和逻辑，故选C。
4. 句意：听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。A.沉默的；B.怀疑的；C.严重的，严肃的；D.疯狂的。由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故选B。
5. 句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。A.发现；B.争论；C.决定；D.提倡，倡导。由“much has changed”可知，作者发现了很大的变化。故选A。
6. 句意同上。A.设备；B.草地；C.野营，营地；D.石头。由下文“at camps”可知，本句属于原词再现。故选C。
7.
句意：我发现一座干净的山，营地里和路边都有厕所。A.遥远的；B.安静的；C.所有的；D.干净的。由“with tolilet at camps and along the paths”可知，营地里和路边都有厕所，所以这是一座干净的山。根据语境和逻辑，故选D。
8. 句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。A.新的；B.特殊的，专门的；C.重大的，重要的；D.必要的。根据前文可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失，这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故选C。
9. 句意同上。A.有回报；B.展开，铺开，伸张；C.爆炸；D.逐渐消失。由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。故选A。
10. 句意：在我看来，乞力马扎罗山最棒的经历并不是到达顶峰。A.气氛，大气；B.经验，经历；C.实验；D.视线，视力，风景。登山就是人生的一种经历。故选B。
11. 句意：许多文化都认为山是精神的地方。A.学习，研究；B.观察；C.探索；D.认为，看作。由“spiritual space”可知，山被许多文化视为精神场所。be regarded as被视为……，固定短语。故选D。
12. 句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。A.观点；B.质量；C.原因；D.目的。有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。故选A。
13. 句意同上。A.科学家；B.攀登者；C.当地人；D.官员。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故选B。
14. 句意：雨林突然在3000米高度的地方结束，它给低矮的植物让路。A.留有，抓住；B.回到；C.不辜；D.给……让路。这里指热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。故选D。
15. 句意：再往上走，天气就变了——低矮的云层笼罩着长满青草的山坡。A.变化，改变；B.使清晰，清除；C.提高，改善；D.允许。由“low clouds”可知，海拔变了，天气也是不同的，是变化的。故选A。
16. 句意：从我站着的地方，我数了12种草的色调。A.搭配；B.想象；C.重要，数数；D.增加，补充说。由“twelve shades of green”可知，作者数出了十二种绿色。故选C。
17. 句意：海拔4000米以上是高原沙漠：砾石，石头和岩石。A.村庄；B.沙漠；C.路；D.湖泊。由“grave, stones and rocks”可知，海拔4000米以上是高山荒漠。故选B。
18. 句意：你最终爬到像极地一样的地带，像极地一样的地带有永久的雪和可能突然消失的冰川。A.明显地；B.容易地；C.结果，因此；D.最后，最终。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。故选D。
19. 句意同上。A.永久的；B.小的，少的；C.新鲜的；D.人工的。由“arctic-like zone”可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。故选A。
20. 句意：乞力马扎罗山人山人海，游客络绎不绝，破坏了和平的气氛，乞力马扎罗山应该得到这个美誉吗？A.享受，喜欢；B.值得，应得到；C.节省，挽救；D.获得。这里作者在质疑乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰，以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。故选B。
41.【答案】【小题1】and
【小题2】lives
【小题3】worse
【小题4】have been affected
【小题5】scientist
【小题6】the
【小题7】to disappear
【小题8】than
【小题9】strongly
【小题10】getting
【解析】（1）and.考查连词。句意：根据IPCC（政府间气候变化专门委员会）的一份新报告，从美国西部到南欧和中国中部，致命的热浪、洪水和干旱正在扰乱成千上万人的生活。结合句意可知，前后为并列关系，故填and。
（2）lives.考查名词。句意：根据IPCC（政府间气候变化专门委员会）的一份新报告，从美国西部到南欧和中国中部，致命的热浪、洪水和干旱正在扰乱成千上万人的生活。结合句意可知，此处表示"成千上万的生活"，故用复数形式，故填lives。
（3）worse.考查比较级。句意：随着全球气温持续上升，情况可能只会变得更糟。结合句意可知，此处表示"更糟"，故用比较级，故填worse。
（4）have been affected.考查动词时态及语态。句意："到目前为止，世界所有地区都受到了一些极端的影响，"环境科学家索尼娅•塞内维拉特说。时间状语为so far,句子用现在完成时，主语all regions of the world与affect之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，故填have been affected。
（5）scientist.考查名词。句意："到目前为止，世界所有地区都受到了一些极端的影响，"环境科学家索尼娅•塞内维拉特说。结合句意和an可知，此处用名词的单数形式，故填scientist。
（6）the.考查冠词。句意：我们可以将极端天气与气候变化联系起来，就像我们可以将癌症与吸烟联系起来一样。the same表示"一样的"符合句意，故填the。
（7）to disappear.考查动词不定式。句意：而且，就像吸烟一样，这种伤害很难消失。固定句式主语+be+形容词+to do表示"某件事做起来怎样"，故填to disappear。
（8）than.考查介词。句意：专家们说，最重要的是确保这些事件不会变得比现在更加普遍和激烈。介词than表示"比..."符合句意，故填than。
（9）strongly.考查副词。句意：我强烈地感到，公众需要知道危险的气候变化就在此时此地。分析句子可知，此处用副词修饰动词feel,故填strongly。
（10）getting.考查动名词。句意：他补充说，一些极端的东西意味着完全摆脱煤炭、石油和天然气的消费。mean doing表示"意味着做某事"符合句意，故填getting。
本文为说明文，主要讲述我们要意识到危险的气候变化。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】 Last week, I (1)take part in the Cultural Exchange Week (2)but enjoyed myself in England. I visited the city museum and several (3)place of interest, which made me have (4)better understanding of the English society, culture and history.
What's more, I was (5)luckily enough to meet my pen friend Tom there. I stayed at his home. And I'll never forget the days (6)when we spent together. When I left England, he offered (7)to me a dictionary as a gift. It's of great help for me to (8)learning English. I will make full use of (9)them and learn English well.
I hope Tom will come to China when it's (10)convenience for him!
(1)将take改为took；
(2)将but改为and；
(3)将place改为places；
(4)在better前加a；
(5)将luckily改为lucky；
(6)将when改为that/which；
(7)将to去掉；
(8)将learning改为learn；
(9)将them改为it；
(10)将convenience改为convenient
【解析】1.考查时态。根据句中时间状语Last week，要用一般过去时态，故将take改为took。
2.考查连词。句意：我参加了文化交流周，在英国过得很愉快。分析句子可知两句之间是顺接关系，所以用and连接。故将but改为and。
3.考查名词单复数。place是可数名词，其前有several修饰时要用复数形式，故将place改为places。
4.考查固定搭配。have a better understanding of对……有更好的了解，是固定搭配，故在better前加a。
5.考查形容词。be动词后需使用形容词作表语，故将luckily改为lucky。
6.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知the days后面是一个定语从句，先行词为the days，关系词指代the days，在从句中作spend的宾语，应使用关系代词that/which，故将when改为that/which。
7.考查固定搭配。offer sb. sth.是固定短语，意为“提供某人某物”，故将to去掉。
8.考查固定句型。It +be+形容词+for sb. to do sth.为固定句型，此处of help相当于形容词helpful，故将learning改为learn。
9.考查代词。此处需使用it特指前文中的a dictionary，故将them改为it。
10.考查形容词。be后接形容词作表语，故将convenience改为convenient。
43.【答案】A Meaningful Fire Drill
Our school held a fire drill at 7：00 am last Sunday.All the teachers and students took part in the drill.（参与人员）
When hearing the sound of alarm,all ran out in order from the classroom.【高分句型一】When they ran,all of them bent and covered their noses and mouths with towels because of the smoke.All participants treated the drill seriously.Within three minutes,all ran to the playground,where the headmaster did a summary for the drill.（活动的过程）
The purpose of this fire drill was to train teachers and students to have the ability of self-protection and self-help.【高分句型二】It left a deep impression on me.（活动的意义）
【解析】高分句型一：When hearing the sound of alarm,all ran out in order from the classroom.
译文：当听到警报声时，所有人都有序地从教室里跑了出来。
分析：这句话使用when引导省略的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：The purpose of this fire drill was to train teachers and students to have the ability of self-protection and self-help.
译文：这次消防演习的目的是培养教师和学生的自我保护和自助能力。
分析：这句话使用不定式作表语。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
内蒙古乌兰察布市集宁区第二中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期中考试
英语试卷
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
Washington， D．C． Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
Duration：3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world﹣famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington， D．C． Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom． Reserve your spot before availability ﹣ and the cherry blossoms ﹣ disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration： 3 hours （4 miles）
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington， D．C． Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop． Guided tour includes bike， helmet，cookies and bottled water．
Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
Duration： 3 hours
Morning or Afternoon， this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C． newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington， D．C． in a healthy way with minimum effort． Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress， memorials， and parks． Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route（路线） make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing．
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration： 3 hours （7 miles）
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington， D C． Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall． Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history． Tour includes bike， helmet， and bottled water． All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights．
1. Which tour do you need to book in advance？_____
A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，DC
B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour．
C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington， DC
D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour．
2. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour？_____
A. Meet famous people． B. Go to a national park．
C. Visit well﹣known museums． D. Enjoy interesting stories．
3. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide？_____
A. City maps． B. Cameras．
C. Meals． D. Safety lights．
B
Wherever we go,we are surrounded by history.Across the globe,cultural heritage is passed down through the generations.It is in the buildings and structures around us.It is in the arts and artifacts （手工艺品） we treasure.It lives in the languages we speak and the stories we tell.But today,it is under attack as never before.Not only are the damages of time threatening our cultural heritage,but conflicts,climate change,globalization and tourism are all a heavy price.Technology is now the most essential weapon in the battle.Here's how technology is preserving our cultural heritage.
As you can imagine,creating the replicas （复制品） via crowd sourced 2 D images is extremely time-consuming.Increasingly,artificial intelligence （AI） algorithms （算法） are being used to do all the required sourcing,allowing millions of images to be stored in a matter of hours.AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods.
Virtual reality （VR） technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years.
Many of the most important sites and architecture are extremely fragile.Human interaction with these locations is doing a great deal of harm.Wastes accumulate everywhere,causing enormous problems.As more cultural heritagesites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded,VR technology will increasingly become the way that people experience them.We'll all eventually be able to walk through places,look at （and touch!） artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes.
Finally,our cultural heritage will be preserved via technology.Efforts in research,innovation,data sharing and project work will help promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.
4. What does the underlined word "exacting" in paragraph 1 mean？ ______
A. Paying B. Cutting C. Receiving D. Demanding
5. What is the advantage of AI in preserving cultural heritage ______
A. It generates 2 D images.
B. It makes restoration easier.
C. It makes preservation safer.
D. It creates replicas in seconds.
6. How does VR help to preserve cultural heritage？ ______
A. By recycling huge amounts of waste.
B. By reducing human impact on the site.
C. By forbidding visitors from touching artifacts.
D. By educating people about the sites' importance.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. How Technology Change Art
B. What Cultural Heritage Means to Us
C. Preserve the Ancient with the Advanced
D. Prepare for a Revolution in Technology
C
My best friend traveled to stay with our family last weekend.When she arrived,she went straight to the kitchen and,without asking,ate a spoonful of raspberry jam and some dried fruit.She wasn't being rude.I knew she would do this.We've known each other for almost 20 years.She can eat anything she wants from my kitchen.Indeed,I bought her favorite fruits and snacks at the shop that morning.
Our long weekend together was luxuriously （惬意地） simple.I was recovering from surgery and couldn't go to shopping malls.We passed the time running errands （做杂事），going to the post office and collecting dry cleaning.We drank way too many cappuccinos.But we talked.About every little detail of our lives.
There's never been a quiet moment in our friendship.We've lived in different cities for almost a decade.Reunions demand constant conversation.our personalities are matched,to be sure,and a shared history is indescribably valuable.We were competitors in high school before bonding over a bad experience.Then we discovered the many interests that we had in common.Our friendship cemented （巩固） itself quickly.We stayed companions through law school,through our first jobs and our first boyfriends.We supported each other through break-ups and breakthroughs.Ours is a friendship for the ages.
There is something special about friends who know everyone and everything about you.They are rare.These are the people you've chosen to witness your life.They have seen the bright lights of achievement,the depths of despair and the boring routine （平淡乏味） of the in-between.
It's special to unpack feelings and frustrations without wasting time filling in the blanks.As my long weekend shows,with such friends we don't have to "do"，we simply have to "be".We drop the act,the performance,the public version of ourselves.
The special friendships are those which never fail to delight,the continuation of which is worth the extra effort,despite distance and difference sneaking （溜进） into your separate lives.I had the very great joy of this reminder last weekend.I'm lucky to have found this friend,to see a future where her companionship remains.Being together is perfection.
8. What happened during her best friend's visit？ ______
A. They enjoyed an eventful long weekend.
B. They bonded by having long conversations.
C. They made their favorite snacks and coffee.
D. They talked about recent news events.
9. One thing that the author appreciates about their friendship is that ______ .
A. they help each other deal with the boredom of life
B. they prefer to witness each other's lives from far away
C. they try to show each other their best selves
D. they are comfortable being themselves when together
10. Which of the following would the author agree with？ ______
A. Charm comes from differences.
B. Politeness brings best friends closer.
C. Good friendships last naturally.
D. Good friendships need devotion.
11. The author's main purpose in writing this article is to ______ .
A. describe what her best friend is like
B. tell about the friendship she treasures
C. explore the key aspects of friendship
D. express thanks to her best friend
D
Imagine your smartphone's screen gets broken,or your favourite boots get a hole in them.What do you do？You could buy a replacement.Or you could join the worldwide trend of taking your broken stuff to a "repair café".
The Bower Reuse and Repair Centre has just launched Australia's first repair café，in Sydney's inner west.The crowd-funded project will hold weekly repair sessions focusing on bikes,furniture and electrical items.
The first repair café was set up in Amsterdam in 2009，and the Repair Cafe Foundation says there are now more than 400 around the world.A repair café is a free face-to-face meeting of skilled volunteers and local residents who want things fixed.Visitors bring broken items from home and watch,learn or help as the repairs get done.Some things are fixed during the event,while for more challenging items people might be referred to local speciality repair shops.
Last year,according to the ABS，Australians sent more than half a million tons of leather to landfill—more than ten times the amount that was reused or recycled.Mending represents an attempt to resist the throwaway culture.Repair cafés get people talking and give them the chance to network and learn about the local resources available.And,perhaps most surprisingly for anyone who considers mending to be some kind of drudgery，repair cafés can be fun and creative.
"In a circular economy,repair cafés fit right in"，says the organiser Martine Postma.In rejecting buy-use-throw,the circular economy aims to keep resources moving around in the economy,rather than moving them through it to a dead end,where they cannot be put into valuable use.
It might be quicker and easier to throw stuff in the bin,but it's more expensive and less fun too.
12. What can we know about the repair café in Sydney？ ______
A. It's financed by the government.
B. Its visitors are involved in the fixing.
C. It's the first repair café in the world.
D. All items are fixed during the event.
13. Why does the author discuss landfill in paragraph 4？ ______
A. To stress the difficulty of landfill.
B. To indicate the urgency of reusing.
C. To support the throwaway culture.
D. To show the influence of repair cafés.
14. What does the underlined word "drudgery" in paragraph 4 mean？ ______
A. Special network. B. Weekly meetings.
C. Unpleasant work. D. Interesting games.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Places to Meet Up and Drink
B. Repair and Share Every Month
C. Repair Cafes Continue the Art of Mending
D. Repair Cafes Fix Things- Including the Economy
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
The direction of our lives is determined by the choices we make every day. (1) .
Choose to break a bad habit
(2) your friends and family can always tell you.Then make every effort to break them and always replace them with new positive ones.
Choose to work smarter
Many people feel like their lives are out of balance and that they don't have enough time to do everything they want to.First of all,you need to be aware of the time that you might be wasting by doing activities that are not creating results. (3) ， such as setting up a schedule and sticking to it,will make your life flow better.
Choose to give your work a sense of purpose
Helping and encouraging other people will not only make your life be more meaningful,but it will also make you more money.If you put your heart and your efforts into helping others,then the financial part of life takes care of itself. (4)
(5)
There are many takers in this world,but our lives will be better as we become givers and serve the world as givers.You want to learn to become unselfish with yourself and learn to give your time,your money,and of course,your love.
A.Spend your time helping others grow and your finances will grow with it
B.Therefore ，learning some good time management techniques
C.To work with purposes is a good choice
D.If you don't know what your bad habits are
E.The following choices will contribute to personal success
F.Choose to sow more than you harvest
G.Choose to form good habits
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They (21) with them lots of waste. The (22) might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the (23) of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories, I'm (24) about the place—other destinations are described as "purer" natural experiences.
However, I soon (25) that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of (26) among tons of rubbish. I find a (27) mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are (28) but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be (29) .
The best of a Kilimanjaro (30) , in my opinion, isn't reaching the top. Mountains are (31) as spiritual places by many cultures. This (32) is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as (33) go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, (34) lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather (35) —low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I (36) twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland (37) : gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. (38) you climb into an arctic-like zone with (39) snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro (40) its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.
21. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
22. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
23. A. position B. age C. face D. name
24. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
25. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
26. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
27. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean
28. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
29. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
30. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
31. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
32. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
33. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
34. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
35. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits
36. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
37. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
38. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
39. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
40. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire
41. 第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
42. According to a new report by IPCC（Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change），the deadly heat waves,floods (1) droughts are disturbing the (2) （life） of thousands of people from the American West to southern Europe and central China.And they will be likely only to get (3) （bad） as global temperatures continue to rise. "So far,all regions of the world (4) （affect） by some extremes," says Sonia Seneviratne,an environmental (5) （science）. "We can link extreme weather to climate change in (6) same way we can link cancer to smoking," says Friederike Otto,one of the report's authors.And,like smoking,the damage is hard (7) （disappear），Otto says.The most important thing,experts say,is to make sure these events don't grow even more common and intense (8) they are now. "I feel (9) （strong）that the public needs to know that dangerous climate change is here and now," says Michael Wehner,an extreme weather researcher.To limit global warming to just 2℃，Wehner says,"It's my feeling that we would have to do something rather extreme." Something extreme,he adds,means completely (10) （get） rid of consumption of coal,oil,and natural gas.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
43. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
(2)只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。
Last week, I take part in the Cultural Exchange Week but enjoyed myself in England. I visited the city museum and several place of interest, which made me have better understanding of the English society, culture and history.
What's more, I was luckily enough to meet my pen friend Tom there. I stayed at his home. And I'll never forget the days when we spent together．When I left England, he offered to me a dictionary as a gift. It's of great help for me to learning English. I will make full use of them and learn English well．
I hope Tom will come to China when it's convenience for him!
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
44. 假定你是李华，上周日你校举行了消防演练（a fire drill）活动。请你以"A Meaningful Fire Drill"为题给校英文报写一篇报道。
内容包括：
1.参与人员；
2.活动的过程；
3.活动的意义。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.题目已为你写好。
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、D、D
【解析】【文章大意】文章介绍了华盛顿的四个骑行路线，具体介绍了它们从骑行时间，骑行路线及注意事项等信息。
【关键词】Washington; D.C. Bicycle Tours…
1. 细节理解。文中Reserve your spot before availability - and the cherry blossoms - disappear!可知樱花消失之前要提前预定自己的位置，故选A。2. 细节理解。根据 Knowledgeable guides will entrtain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks.可知知识渊博的导游会给你带来最有趣的关于总统、国会、纪念馆和公园的故事，故选D。
3. 细节理解。根据All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights可知所有骑手都配有反光背心和安全灯，故选D。
4~7.【答案】A、B、B、C
【解析】（1）A.词句猜测题。根据文章第一段"But today,it is under attack as never before.Not only are the damages of time threatening our cultural heritage（但今天，文化受到前所未有的攻击。时间的破坏不仅威胁着我们的文化遗产）"可知，后文应该讲的是冲突、气候变化、全球化和旅游业都在要求付出沉重的代价。可以猜测exacting为"要求付出"。结合选项A.Paying支付；B.Cutting切割；C.Receiving收到；D.Demanding要求。故选A。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据文章第二段"AI will also make restoration and preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and vastly superior to previous methods.（人工智能还将使现有文化遗产的恢复和保护变得更加容易，并且大大优于以前的方法。）"可知，人工智能使现有文化遗产的恢复变得更容易。故选B。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据文章第三段"As more cultural heritagesites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded,VR technology will increasingly become the way that people experience them.We'll all eventually be able to walk through places,look at （and touch!） artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes.（随着越来越多的文化遗址和文物被数字地图和记录，虚拟现实技术将越来越成为人们体验它们的方式。我们最终都将能够在不同的地方穿行，观看（和触摸! ）手工艺品和艺术品却不用真正看到它们。）"可知，VR技术可以模拟出这些文化遗产让我们感受而不用去现场，从而减少人类对文化遗址的影响以及破坏。故选B。
（4）C.标题归纳题。根据文章第一段最后一句话"Here's how technology is preserving our cultural heritage.（以下是科技如何保护我们的文化遗产。）"以及文章最后一段"Finally,our cultural heritage will be preserved via technology.Efforts in research,innovation,data sharing and project work will help promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.（最后，我们的文化遗产将通过技术得到保护。研究、创新、数据共享和项目工作的努力将有助于促进和保护世界各国的文化遗产。）"可知，本文主要介绍现代技术应用在文化遗产的保护上。而C项Preserve the Ancient with the Advanced（用先进的技术保护古代）切合文意。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现代技术（Al和VR）怎样应用在文化遗产的保护上。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
8~11.【答案】B、D、D、C
【解析】（1）B．推理判断题。通过文章第二段"Our long weekend together was luxuriously simple. （我们在一起的长周末过得很惬意，很简单）"以及"But we talked.About every little detail of our lives. （但是我们进行了交谈。有关生活中的每一个细节）"可推知，作者最好的朋友来访期间，她们通过长谈而变得更亲密。故选B项。
（2）D．推理判断题。通过文章倒数第二段"As my long weekend shows,with such friends we don't have to "do"，we simply have to "be".We drop the act,the performance,the public version of ourselves. （正如我的周末所表明的那样，有这样的朋友，我们不需要"做些什么"，我们只需要做我们自己。我们放弃装模作样，放弃表演，以及公众场合的面具）"可推知，作者欣赏他们友谊的原因之一是她们在一起时很自在，不必虚情假意。故选D项。
（3）D．推理判断题。通过文章最后一段"The special friendships are those which never fail to delight,the continuation of which is worth the extra effort,despite distance and difference sneaking into your separate lives. （特殊的友谊是那些永远不会忘记快乐的友谊，尽管距离和差异会默默影响你们各自的生活，但这种友谊的延续值得付出额外的努力）"可推知，作者认为良好的友谊需要奉献。故选D项
（4）C．写作意图题。通读全文，再根据文章第三段"Reunions demand constant conversation. （团聚需要不断的交谈）"以及文章最后一段"the continuation of which is worth the extra effort （这种友谊的延续值得付出额外的努力）"可推知，作者在讲述自己和朋友之间的友谊的同时点明了建立、发展和保持友谊的重要因素，所以作者写这篇文章的主要目的是探索维系友谊的重要因素。故选C项。
本文是一篇日常生活类阅读。作者通过介绍自己和朋友相处的点点滴滴的故事，表示自己十分珍惜与朋友间的这段友谊，同时告诉读者，维系良好的友谊需要奉献。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
12~15.【答案】B、B、C、D
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据文章第三段"A repair café is a free face-to-face meeting of skilled volunteers and local residents who want things fixed.Visitors bring broken items from home and watch,learn or help as the repairs get done.（维修咖啡馆是一个由技术熟练的志愿者和希望解决问题的当地居民组成的免费面对面会议。游客从家里带来损坏的物品，观看、学习或帮助维修工作。）"可知，维修咖啡馆的游客会参与到修理过程。故选B。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据文章第四段"Last year,according to the ABS，Australians sent more than half a million tons of leather to landfill—more than ten times the amount that was reused or recycled.Mending represents an attempt to resist the throwaway culture.（根据澳大利亚统计局的数据，去年澳大利亚人将50多万吨皮革送往垃圾填埋场，是重复使用或回收数量的十倍多。修补代表着一种抵制一次性文化的尝试。）"可推断，由于污染越来越严重，所以作者讨论了填埋表明了重复使用的紧迫性。故选B。
（3）C.词义猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词后半句"repair cafes can be fun and creative. （维修咖啡馆可以充满乐趣和创造性。）"可知，很多人认为修理是一件苦差事。所以drudgery为"苦差事"之意。结合选项A.Special network.特殊网络；B.Weekly meetings.每周例会；C.Unpleasant work.不愉快的工作；D.Interesting games.有趣的游戏。故选C。
（4）D.标题归纳题。根据文章倒数第二段" "In a circular economy,repair cafés fit right in"，says the organiser Martine Postma.In rejecting buy-use-throw,the circular economy aims to keep resources moving around in the economy,rather than moving them through it to a dead end,where they cannot be put into valuable use.（"在循环经济中，维修咖啡馆非常适合"，组织者玛蒂娜说。通过拒绝"买-用-扔"，循环经济的目的是让资源在经济中流动，而不是将它们推向死胡同，使它们无法得到有价值的利用。）"及全文可知，文章主要介绍了维修咖啡馆，顾客可以参与到物品修理过程中，从而达到环保和经济循环。所以"Repair Cafes Fix Things- Including theEconomy（修理咖啡馆修理东西----包括经济）"作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了维修咖啡馆，顾客可以参与到物品修理过程中，从而达到环保和经济循环。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
16~20.【答案】E、D、B、A、F
【解析】（1）E.细节理解题。此句所在位置应起到承上启下的作用。根据每段的小标题"Choose to ..."可知，下文主要介绍了一些重要的选择。E选项"The following choices will contribute to personal success（以下选择将有助于个人成功）"引出下文。故选E。
（2）D.语境衔接题。根据小标题"Choose to break a bad habit（选择打破一个坏习惯）"可知，这一段会围绕着关键词"bad habit"展开论述。且因为空后的标点符号是逗号，此空应该填一个从句，D选项If you don't know what your bad habits are（如果你不知道自己的坏习惯是什么）符合条件。故选D。
（3）B.推理判断题。分析句子结构，"___ ，such as stting up a schedule and sticking to it,will make your life flow better. "这个句子中缺少主语成分。选项中B选项"Therefore ，learning some good time management techniques（因此，学习一些好的时间管理技巧）"是一个动名词短语，可充当句子主语；且"setting up a schedule（设置计划）属于时间管理技巧，语境相符。故选B。
（4）A.语境衔接题。根据上文"Helping and encouraging other people will not only make your life be more meaningful,but it will also make you more money.（帮助并且鼓励别人不仅使你的生活更加有意义，而且也会使你赚更多的钱。）"可知，帮助别人的同时，也可以挣更多的钱。A项"Spend your time helping others grow and your finances will grow with it（花时间帮助别人成长，那么你的收入也会随之增加）"与之呼应。故选A。
（5）F.标题归纳题。此空所在位置应属于小标题。根据前三个小标题的特征，都是含有"Choose to ...的祈使句，所以只有F和G符合语境。再根据下文"our lives will be better as we become givers and serve the world as givers.（当我们成为奉献者，并以奉献者的身份为世界服务时，我们的生活会变得更好。）"可知，我们应该多"给予"，而不是"索取"。F选项"Choose to sow more than you harvest （选择播种而不是收获）"与语境相符。故选F。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些有助于获得成功的选择。
考查选句填空。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】D、C、C、B、A、C、D、C、A、B、D、A、B、D、A、C、B、D、A、B
【解析】【文章大意】文章介绍乞力马扎罗山每天都充满了游客，这些人群对山上的生态造成了破坏。爬山的目的不在于登顶，而在于精神的领悟。
1. 句意：他们带来了大量的垃圾。A.保持；B.使混合；C.连接，联系；D.带来。由“lots of waste”可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故选D。
2. 句意：人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。A.故事；B.建筑物，大楼；C.人群；D.记者。由“40,000”可知，这是一个庞大的群体。故选C。
3. 句意：冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。A.位置；B.年龄；C.脸，面貌；D.名字。冰川是乞力马扎罗山的地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。根据语境和逻辑，故选C。
4. 句意：听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。A.沉默的；B.怀疑的；C.严重的，严肃的；D.疯狂的。由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故选B。
5. 句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。A.发现；B.争论；C.决定；D.提倡，倡导。由“much has changed”可知，作者发现了很大的变化。故选A。
6. 句意同上。A.设备；B.草地；C.野营，营地；D.石头。由下文“at camps”可知，本句属于原词再现。故选C。
7.
句意：我发现一座干净的山，营地里和路边都有厕所。A.遥远的；B.安静的；C.所有的；D.干净的。由“with tolilet at camps and along the paths”可知，营地里和路边都有厕所，所以这是一座干净的山。根据语境和逻辑，故选D。
8. 句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。A.新的；B.特殊的，专门的；C.重大的，重要的；D.必要的。根据前文可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失，这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故选C。
9. 句意同上。A.有回报；B.展开，铺开，伸张；C.爆炸；D.逐渐消失。由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。故选A。
10. 句意：在我看来，乞力马扎罗山最棒的经历并不是到达顶峰。A.气氛，大气；B.经验，经历；C.实验；D.视线，视力，风景。登山就是人生的一种经历。故选B。
11. 句意：许多文化都认为山是精神的地方。A.学习，研究；B.观察；C.探索；D.认为，看作。由“spiritual space”可知，山被许多文化视为精神场所。be regarded as被视为……，固定短语。故选D。
12. 句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。A.观点；B.质量；C.原因；D.目的。有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。故选A。
13. 句意同上。A.科学家；B.攀登者；C.当地人；D.官员。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故选B。
14. 句意：雨林突然在3000米高度的地方结束，它给低矮的植物让路。A.留有，抓住；B.回到；C.不辜；D.给……让路。这里指热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。故选D。
15. 句意：再往上走，天气就变了——低矮的云层笼罩着长满青草的山坡。A.变化，改变；B.使清晰，清除；C.提高，改善；D.允许。由“low clouds”可知，海拔变了，天气也是不同的，是变化的。故选A。
16. 句意：从我站着的地方，我数了12种草的色调。A.搭配；B.想象；C.重要，数数；D.增加，补充说。由“twelve shades of green”可知，作者数出了十二种绿色。故选C。
17. 句意：海拔4000米以上是高原沙漠：砾石，石头和岩石。A.村庄；B.沙漠；C.路；D.湖泊。由“grave, stones and rocks”可知，海拔4000米以上是高山荒漠。故选B。
18. 句意：你最终爬到像极地一样的地带，像极地一样的地带有永久的雪和可能突然消失的冰川。A.明显地；B.容易地；C.结果，因此；D.最后，最终。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。故选D。
19. 句意同上。A.永久的；B.小的，少的；C.新鲜的；D.人工的。由“arctic-like zone”可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。故选A。
20. 句意：乞力马扎罗山人山人海，游客络绎不绝，破坏了和平的气氛，乞力马扎罗山应该得到这个美誉吗？A.享受，喜欢；B.值得，应得到；C.节省，挽救；D.获得。这里作者在质疑乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰，以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。故选B。
41.【答案】【小题1】and
【小题2】lives
【小题3】worse
【小题4】have been affected
【小题5】scientist
【小题6】the
【小题7】to disappear
【小题8】than
【小题9】strongly
【小题10】getting
【解析】（1）and.考查连词。句意：根据IPCC（政府间气候变化专门委员会）的一份新报告，从美国西部到南欧和中国中部，致命的热浪、洪水和干旱正在扰乱成千上万人的生活。结合句意可知，前后为并列关系，故填and。
（2）lives.考查名词。句意：根据IPCC（政府间气候变化专门委员会）的一份新报告，从美国西部到南欧和中国中部，致命的热浪、洪水和干旱正在扰乱成千上万人的生活。结合句意可知，此处表示"成千上万的生活"，故用复数形式，故填lives。
（3）worse.考查比较级。句意：随着全球气温持续上升，情况可能只会变得更糟。结合句意可知，此处表示"更糟"，故用比较级，故填worse。
（4）have been affected.考查动词时态及语态。句意："到目前为止，世界所有地区都受到了一些极端的影响，"环境科学家索尼娅•塞内维拉特说。时间状语为so far,句子用现在完成时，主语all regions of the world与affect之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，故填have been affected。
（5）scientist.考查名词。句意："到目前为止，世界所有地区都受到了一些极端的影响，"环境科学家索尼娅•塞内维拉特说。结合句意和an可知，此处用名词的单数形式，故填scientist。
（6）the.考查冠词。句意：我们可以将极端天气与气候变化联系起来，就像我们可以将癌症与吸烟联系起来一样。the same表示"一样的"符合句意，故填the。
（7）to disappear.考查动词不定式。句意：而且，就像吸烟一样，这种伤害很难消失。固定句式主语+be+形容词+to do表示"某件事做起来怎样"，故填to disappear。
（8）than.考查介词。句意：专家们说，最重要的是确保这些事件不会变得比现在更加普遍和激烈。介词than表示"比..."符合句意，故填than。
（9）strongly.考查副词。句意：我强烈地感到，公众需要知道危险的气候变化就在此时此地。分析句子可知，此处用副词修饰动词feel,故填strongly。
（10）getting.考查动名词。句意：他补充说，一些极端的东西意味着完全摆脱煤炭、石油和天然气的消费。mean doing表示"意味着做某事"符合句意，故填getting。
本文为说明文，主要讲述我们要意识到危险的气候变化。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】 Last week, I (1)take part in the Cultural Exchange Week (2)but enjoyed myself in England. I visited the city museum and several (3)place of interest, which made me have (4)better understanding of the English society, culture and history.
What's more, I was (5)luckily enough to meet my pen friend Tom there. I stayed at his home. And I'll never forget the days (6)when we spent together. When I left England, he offered (7)to me a dictionary as a gift. It's of great help for me to (8)learning English. I will make full use of (9)them and learn English well.
I hope Tom will come to China when it's (10)convenience for him!
(1)将take改为took；
(2)将but改为and；
(3)将place改为places；
(4)在better前加a；
(5)将luckily改为lucky；
(6)将when改为that/which；
(7)将to去掉；
(8)将learning改为learn；
(9)将them改为it；
(10)将convenience改为convenient
【解析】1.考查时态。根据句中时间状语Last week，要用一般过去时态，故将take改为took。
2.考查连词。句意：我参加了文化交流周，在英国过得很愉快。分析句子可知两句之间是顺接关系，所以用and连接。故将but改为and。
3.考查名词单复数。place是可数名词，其前有several修饰时要用复数形式，故将place改为places。
4.考查固定搭配。have a better understanding of对……有更好的了解，是固定搭配，故在better前加a。
5.考查形容词。be动词后需使用形容词作表语，故将luckily改为lucky。
6.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知the days后面是一个定语从句，先行词为the days，关系词指代the days，在从句中作spend的宾语，应使用关系代词that/which，故将when改为that/which。
7.考查固定搭配。offer sb. sth.是固定短语，意为“提供某人某物”，故将to去掉。
8.考查固定句型。It +be+形容词+for sb. to do sth.为固定句型，此处of help相当于形容词helpful，故将learning改为learn。
9.考查代词。此处需使用it特指前文中的a dictionary，故将them改为it。
10.考查形容词。be后接形容词作表语，故将convenience改为convenient。
43.【答案】A Meaningful Fire Drill
Our school held a fire drill at 7：00 am last Sunday.All the teachers and students took part in the drill.（参与人员）
When hearing the sound of alarm,all ran out in order from the classroom.【高分句型一】When they ran,all of them bent and covered their noses and mouths with towels because of the smoke.All participants treated the drill seriously.Within three minutes,all ran to the playground,where the headmaster did a summary for the drill.（活动的过程）
The purpose of this fire drill was to train teachers and students to have the ability of self-protection and self-help.【高分句型二】It left a deep impression on me.（活动的意义）
【解析】高分句型一：When hearing the sound of alarm,all ran out in order from the classroom.
译文：当听到警报声时，所有人都有序地从教室里跑了出来。
分析：这句话使用when引导省略的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：The purpose of this fire drill was to train teachers and students to have the ability of self-protection and self-help.
译文：这次消防演习的目的是培养教师和学生的自我保护和自助能力。
分析：这句话使用不定式作表语。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
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