(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业选择性必修一 Unit 5 Working the Land (含解析)

UNIT 5 Working the Land

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

(2020·湖南长沙模拟)Chickens are excellent natural enemies of locusts (蝗虫). On average, one chicken can catch over 600 locusts a day and can cover 0.6 acres of grassland.

1. ________ (official) in China's Xinjiang have handed out over 2,200 chickens to local farmers, 2. ________ (hope) to control locusts. There has been a decline in the locust population in several counties 3. ________ the measure has been adopted.

A report predicted 4. ________ (high) than normal incidents of locusts for the northern part of China, 5. ________ (main) owing to warmer winter temperature. Nearly 10,000 acres in Wushi county have already been destroyed by locusts.

Previous efforts to kill locusts in Xinjiang included pesticides (杀虫剂) that, while effective, also 6. ________ (end) up killing off beneficial insects and harming the ecosystem. Alternatively, only 100 chickens last year in Wushi county were able to effectively limit damage 7. ________ more than 1,300 acres.

This isn't the first time China 8. ________ (use) birds against locusts. A story from The Telegraph described how officials trained 700,000 chickens and ducks 9. ________ (run) after and consume locusts at the sound of a whistle. The campaign, which included nearly 280,000 people, was a response to the country's worst locust outbreak in 10. ________ quarter century.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。中国新疆的牧场面对蝗虫灾害，采取了生态措施，利用鸡、鸭捕杀蝗虫，最终取得了良好的效果。

1. Officials　考查名词单复数。official为可数名词，根据谓语have handed out可知，主语应用复数形式，故填Officials。

2. hoping　考查非谓语动词。 分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语have handed out，此处与谓语之间无连词连接，由此判断此处应用非谓语动词，hope与主语Officials之间是逻辑上的主动关系应用现在分词作状语。故填hoping。

3. where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为counties，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。

4. higher　考查形容词的比较级。句意：一份报告预测，中国北部地区的蝗虫数量将高于正常水平，其主要原因是冬季气温升高。根据空后的than可知，此处应用比较级。

5. mainly　考查副词。 句意见上一题解析。 此处修饰介词短语owing to，应该用副词作状语，mainly意为“主要地”。

6. ended　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，设空处作从句谓语，根据主句中的谓语动词included可以判断，从句应该用一般过去时。故填ended。

7. to　考查介词。句意：另外，去年在乌什县，仅仅100只鸡就能够有效地将损失限制在1 300多英亩。limit ... to ... 意为“把……限于……”，为固定搭配，故填to。

8. has used　考查动词的时态。This is/was (not) the first time (that) ...为固定句型，意为“这(不)是第一次……”，当主句谓语是is时，that从句应该用现在完成时，故填has used。

9. to run　考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作目的状语，故填to run。

10. a　考查冠词。句意：这场近28万人参与的运动，是为了应对国家近25年里最严重的蝗灾爆发。根据语境，此处应表示“近25年里”。a quarter意为“四分之一”，故填a。

B

The robot lawn mowers (割草机) 1. ________ (design) by us have the following benefits besides saving your time and effort.

First, they are environmentally friendly. With global warming now 2. ________ (be) a major concern you can have peace of mind with these mowers. They run on rechargeable batteries and do not use petrol or burn oil like conventional lawn mowers.

Second, they work very 3. ________ (quiet). After careful assessment, noise from them 4. ________ (find) to be about 60 decibels (分贝) lower than a typical lawn mower, so you can programme them to work at night while you sleep.

Third, rain sensors in our robot lawn mowers warn the robot 5. ________ (return) to its shelter or stay in its shelter while it's raining. On 6. ________ other hand, if you are using a simple electric lawn mower, you will have to stay out in the rain while you get your mower under shelter 7. ________ it will be useless.

Fourth, bump sensors in our robot lawn mower protect the lawn mower from running over items 8. ________ may be lying in the yard, thus increasing its life and efficiency.

Last but not least, they are 9. ________ (benefit) for people with allergy problems — they can cut your grass while you sit far away, reading your favourite novel 10. ________ comfort.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人割草机的优点。

1. designed　考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语修饰robot lawn mowers，design与robot lawn mowers之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且design所表示的动作已发生，故填designed。

2. being　考查非谓语动词。此处是with复合结构作状语，因global warming与be之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且be所表示的状态与谓语动词所表示的状态同时存在，故填being。

3. quietly　考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词work，故填副词quietly。

4. was found　考查被动语态。由After careful assessment可知，此处用一般过去时，又因noise与find之间是被动关系，故填was found。

5. to return　考查非谓语动词。warn sb./sth. to do sth. 意为“提醒某人/某物做某事”。

6. the　考查冠词。on the other hand为固定搭配，意为“另一方面”。

7. or/otherwise　考查连词。设空处连接两个分句，表示“否则，要不然”，故填or/otherwise。

8. that/which　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词items，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。

9. beneficial　考查形容词。设空处作表语，意为“有益的，有帮助的”，故填beneficial。

10. in　考查介词。in comfort意为“舒适地”。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 最使我伤脑筋的是他似乎对他的功课不感兴趣。(what引导主语从句)

What_bothers_me_most_is that he seems to take no interest in his schoolwork.

2. 随着时间的推移，我逐渐意识到健康的重要性。

①As_time_goes_by,_I gradually realise the importance of health. (状语从句)

②With_time_going_by,_I gradually realise the importance of health. (with复合结构)

3. 据说到目前为止汤姆已经记住了2 000个汉字。(be said to do ... )

Tom is_said_to_have_learned by heart 2,000 Chinese characters up to now.

4. 一心致力于教育失聪儿童，这位年轻的女士很少有时间照顾她自己的女儿。

①The young lady devotes_herself_to_teaching the deaf children, so she has little time to care for her own daughter. (devote)

②Devoting_herself_to_teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter. (现在分词短语作状语)

③Devoted_to_teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter. (过去分词短语作状语)

5. 这幅图画让我深信做一个好女儿比做一个“好”学生更重要。(convince)

The_picture_convinces_me_that it is even more important to be a good daughter than a good student.

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ.  阅读理解

Prateek Sharma was born into a family of farmers. After 10 years of being a chief manager of Kotak Mahindra Bank, he did a good job and earned a good pay. But Prateek couldn't continue the corporation life with ease, as his heart was always in farming. So he worked as a banker on weekdays and on weekends travelled 100km to get to his 5­acre farm in Dhaba Khurd.

By the end of 2015, Prateek had set up a house on his farm to grow offseason vegetables. Prateek thought he'd quit his job once he was able to earn enough from farming, but this wasn't an easy decision to make. This was because costs to grow these vegetables were very high, along with the fact that farmers weren't a part of the value chain and thus couldn't decide the price of their own vegetables.

Fortunately, Prateek met Vinay Yadav, another educated farmer. They then decided to start their own value chain and sell their vegetables and grains, while skipping the middlemen. The variety of vegetables they grew wasn't enough, so they decided to form a group of farmers.

Once the plan was ready, the group was registered by the name of Farmer Producer Organisation (FPO). However, the trial failed in the first year as most of the farmers were grain growers and had limited knowledge of growing vegetables. However, the largest reason was the switch to organic from chemical.

Luckily, once the soil was used to organic methods, the next round of crops were successful and the FPO had a good amount of produce.  So at the end of 2017, Prateek finally quit his job and devoted all his time to farming. Now he's successful and recently his team has started two farmer resource centres at Dhaba Khurd and Nathrula Canj.

1. Why did Prateek have trouble continuing his life as a banker?

A. He felt it so boring to be a banker.

B. He almost never satisfied his boss.

C. He found farming easier to do well.

D. He was enthusiastic about farming.

2. Why was it difficult for Prateek to decide on quitting his job?

A. The prices of organic products are low.

B. The income from farming wasn't much.

C. He had no money to put into farming.

D. He found farm produce is hard to sell.

3. What did Prateek and Vinay Yadav set about doing after they met?

A. Raising the prices of their products.

B. Building their own marketing system.

C. Switching from chemical to organic.

D. Adding the kinds of vegetables grown.

4. What mainly resulted in the failure of FPO's first year trial?

A. Their no experience in growing vegetables.

B. Their poor management on the employees.

C. The soil's not adapting to organic farming.

D. The wrong ways of doing organic farming.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇人物传记。文章介绍了Prateek Sharma的创业经历。他出生在一个农民家庭， 他对农业充满热情， 他很难下决定辞职是因为来自农业的收入并不多。在2017年年底， Prateek终于辞掉了工作， 把所有的时间都花在了农业上。现在他已经成功了， 最近他的团队已经在Dhaba Khurd和Nathrula Canj建立了两个农民资源中心。

1. D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But Prateek couldn't continue the corporation life with ease,  as his heart was always in farming.”可知， Prateek不能轻松地继续他的银行家生涯是因为他对农业充满热情。故选D。

2. B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Prateek thought he'd quit his job once he was able to earn enough from farming,  but this wasn't an easy decision to make.”可知，Prateek很难决定辞职是因为来自农业的收入并不多， 故选B。

3. B　细节理解题。根据第三段中“They then decided to start their own value chain and sell their vegetables and grains”可知，Prateek和Vinay Yadav相遇后建立了自己的营销体系。故选B。

4. C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“However,  the largest reason was the switch to organic from chemical.”可知， 不适应有机农业主要导致了FPO的第一年试验失败。故选C。

Ⅱ. 七选五

How to best protect your important files? Should you rely on one of the many cloud services available today? The answer is “Yes”. Here's four reasons to invest in cloud storage.

　1　.

Cloud services — such as OneDrive, iCloud, Google Drive, and Dropbox — can protect your data from local threats, such as theft, fire, flood, nasty virus and hard drive failure.

　2　， he might take your hard drive, too, unless you store it elsewhere. A flood or fire could destroy both your computer and hard drive if kept in the same place.

Anywhere access.

With cloud services, you can access your backed­up stuff — such as documents or media — from virtually any Internet­connected computer, tablet or smartphone in the world. Most cloud services have free apps that make it easy to download or upload files from your mobile device. 　3　.

Sharing is super easy.

Cloud computing can also reduce over­crowding in someone's email box. Rather than trying to email several large photos or videos to a colleague, friend or family member, which can block up their email box, you can simply store them in the cloud and send a link to receivers to download the goods. 　4　.

Real­time cooperation.

　5　， cloud computing lets people work together on projects in real­time. For example, two or more employees can cooperate on a project together, instead of sending revisions back and forth to each other.

A. Sufficient storage

B. Remote protection

C. If someone steals your laptop

D. This is incredibly convenient for them and easy to do

E. Even though they're in different geographic locations

F. You need more space than what free cloud storage solutions offer

G. You can access your stuff anywhere as long as you can get online

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。怎样才能最好地保护我们的重要文件？当然要依赖于当前可用的众多云服务之一——云存储，理由有四个：云服务提供远程保护；只要能联网，任何地方都可访问云服务；让分享极其简单；也能让人们处于不同的地方实现实时合作。

1. B　根据下文中的“Cloud services — such as OneDrive, iCloud, Google Drive, and Dropbox — can protect your data from local threats, ...”可知，B项符合题意，故选B。

2. C　根据空格后的内容“he might take your hard drive, too”可推知，上句是说“如果有人偷了你的电脑，你的硬盘也将被拿走”。故C项符合题意，故选C。

3. G　根据本空格所在的小标题“Anywhere access.”，分析选项可知， G项与小标题意义一致，且有单词(access)的复现，故选G。

4. D　本空格所在的小标题为“Sharing is super easy.”，再结合空格前的内容可推知，云计算的特点是方便且容易操作。故D项符合题意，故选D。

5. E　空格所在的小标题为“Real­time cooperation.”，再结合空格后的内容“For example, two or more employees can cooperate on a project together, instead of sending revisions back and forth to each other.” 可推知，空格是说即使人们在不同的地方，云计算也可让人们实现实时合作。E项符合题意，故选E。

Ⅲ. 完形填空

When you walk through the doors of Morton Plant Hospital on an early Tuesday afternoon, you'll be greeted by the comforting voice of Mary Ellen Owens.

Owens, who is now 98, started   1   at the hospital after her husband died nearly 20 years ago. “ My husband was a(n)   2   here, off and on for about six weeks over four years，” she   3  . “ Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick.” To show her   4  ， Owens wanted to give back in a big way. “ I don't have several million dollars, but I can give my   5  ，” she said.

Owens is approaching 7,000 hours in volunteer time. “I used to give three days a week，”she said. “Now I'm   6  ， so I don't get around as much as I   7  . So I only give one day a week.”

To get to her weekly four­hour   8  ， Owens receives a ride from a volunteer who she now calls her friend. “Every   9  ， Richard picks me up from my home and brings me here，”she said. “I don't believe people of my age should be

  10  .”

In her younger years, Owens used to walk up and down the fashion runways in New York City and Richmond, Virginia. She also had a(n)   11   to be in the 1939 film classic Gone with the Wind. Because she had other work at the time, however, Owens   12   to turn it down.

“ What I didn't do in my life is more   13   than what I've done，” she laughs.   14   she's in her golden years, Owens plans to continue to live her life with   15   by greeting each patient with a smile.

1. A. volunteering　　 B. training

C. working D. nursing

2. A. doctor B. expert

C. patient D. assistant

3. A. commented B. promised

C. responded D. explained

4. A. attitude B. appreciation

C. sympathy D. response

5. A. hand B. love

C. smile D. time

6. A. old B. strong

C. sick D. lucky

7. A. had to B. hoped to

C. used to D. ought to

8. A. stand B. ride

C. turn D. shift

9. A. day B. Monday

C. morning D. Tuesday

10. A. struggling B. driving

C. running D. changing

11. A. part B. character

C. performance D. opportunity

12. A. decided B. hoped

C. agreed D. happened

13. A. difficult B. interesting

C. well­paid D. challenging

14. A. Now that B. Guessing that

C. Supposing that D. Except that

15. A. relief B. success

C. purpose D. spirit

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了现年98岁的欧文斯的早年经历以及她在医院做志愿者的故事。

1. A　根据下文中的“Owens is approaching 7,000 hours in volunteer time.”可知，欧文斯在医院做志愿者，故A项正确。

2. C　根据空后的“Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick.”可知，欧文斯的丈夫生病的时候，医院里的每个人对他们夫妇俩都很好，这说明欧文斯的丈夫在这里住过院(曾是这家医院的患者)，故C项正确。

3. D　空后的“Everyone at the hospital had been so good to us when he was sick.”是欧文斯解释说的话，故D项正确。

4. B　空前一句说欧文斯的丈夫生病(住院)的时候，医院里的每个人对他们夫妇俩都很好，因此她要表达对医院的感激，故B项正确。

5. D　根据上文中的“Owens, who is now 98, started   1   at the hospital after her husband died nearly 20 years ago.”可知，现年98岁的欧文斯在丈夫20年前去世后就开始在医院做志愿者，因此此处是说她可以献出自己的时间(在医院做志愿者)，故D项正确。

6. A　根据上文中的“Owens, who is now 98”可知，欧文斯现在已经98岁了，年纪已经非常大了，故A项正确。

7. C　根据上文中的“I used to give three days a week”及空后的“So I only give one day a week”可知，欧文斯以前一周有三天去做志愿者，现在一周只有一天去做志愿者，这说明她现在年纪太大，不能像以前那样经常四处走动了，故C项正确。

8. D　根据上文可知，欧文斯现在每周去医院做一次志愿服务，因此此处指“去医院上班”，故D项正确。

9. D　根据第一段内容可知，欧文斯每周二去医院做志愿服务，故D项正确。

10. B　根据上文中的“To get to her weekly four­hour   8  ， Owens receives a ride from a volunteer who she now calls her friend.”可知，为了每周四小时的轮班，她请一名志愿者载她上下班，这说明她认为自己不能开车去上班了，故B项正确。

11. D　根据空后的“turn it down”可知，欧文斯曾有机会出演1939年拍摄的经典电影《乱世佳人》，但她拒绝了，故D项正确。

12. A　根据空前的“Because she had other work at the time”可知，因为她当时还有其他工作，所以欧文斯决定拒绝出演《乱世佳人》，故A项正确。

13. B　根据空前的“She also had a(n)   11   to be in the 1939 film classic Gone with the Wind. Because she had other work at the time, however, Owens

   12   to turn it down.”可知，欧文斯曾有机会出演1939年拍摄的经典电影《乱世佳人》，但她当时还有其他工作，所以她拒绝了，此处她解释拒绝出演《乱世佳人》的原因——没有做过的事比做过的事更有趣，故B项正确。

14. A　根据空后的“she's in her golden years, Owens plans to continue to live her life with   15   by greeting each patient with a smile”可知，既然她现在还能干得动(身体情况还允许)，欧文斯仍打算继续怀揣着这样一个目的生活——微笑着问候每一位病人(继续做志愿者)，故A项正确。

15. C　根据空后的“by greeting each patient with a smile”可知，微笑着问候每一位病人是欧文斯生活中的一个目的，故C项正确。

Ⅳ. 应用文写作

假定你是李华，你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Miss Evans写一封英语邮件，请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括：

1. 剧情简介；

2. 指导内容；

3. 商定时间地点。

注意： 1. 词数80左右；

2. 开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Miss Evans，

I'm writing to ask for your guidance on a short play, which is adapted from one of our texts.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

I'm looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

【参考范文】

Dear Miss Evans,

I'm writing to ask for your guidance on a short play, which is adapted from one of our texts.

The text we have chosen is titled “Wildlife Protection”. It tells a story about a girl named Daisy, who talks with some wild animals and makes up her mind to help protect the environment. We need you to give us some expert guidance on dialogue between characters, body­action, plot, setting, and so on. Could we meet in our school art hall at 8：00 a．m. this Sunday if it is convenient for you? We sincerely hope you can do us this favour and help improve our performance.

I'm looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

Ⅴ. 读后续写

(2020·山东泰安6月模拟)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

One rainy spring day, Mum became a single mother. My little brother was two, my sister was eight, and I was fourteen. Those first weeks were especially hard before our small monthly support payments began. Mum found work in a potato­chip factory, but didn't get paid right away.

That first Saturday morning as she left for work, Mum said, “I don't know what you'll cook for supper. I won't get paid until Monday, but I'm out of money, and our shelves are bare.” She laughed, but tears filled her eyes.

“Does that fairy tale have a happy ending? No, but we'll do better，” I said. “I'll try to get us food today.” My words sounded brave even to myself. She shook her head and went to work.

I had planted a garden in our backyard. The lettuce (莴苣) and peas were up, but nothing was ready to eat. I looked through the kitchen and discovered Mum was right. We only had cereal (麦片) for our breakfast.

While my sister, and brother played, I tidied the house. I was washing our front­room window when a cheery man in a blue shirt came over and rang the doorbell. Although I'd never seen him before, his big smile made me trust him.

When I opened the door, he asked, “Have you heard about the new grocery store a mile from here? Today is its grand opening.”

I nodded. I'd seen its signs as I rode past on the school bus.

“They're giving away gift coupons (优惠券) to celebrate.” He pulled three white cards from his shirt pocket and handed them to me. “The first is for a huge loaf of bread, the second is for a gallon of milk, and the third lets you choose half a gallon of your favourite flavour of ice cream.”

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

I stared. “Really? There's no purchase required？”_____________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

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When Mum returned, we had food on the table. “Where did you get this？” Mum asked.__________________________________________________________

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【参考范文】

I stared. “Really? There's no purchase required？” “None at all. These are free. Go and see.” I thanked him and went to the store with my brother and sister, where colourful balloons still announced the grand opening. We walked inside and showed our cards to the nearest clerk. “It says these are gift coupons，” she said. “These items are absolutely free.” We could hardly believe it. We picked up the goods and left the store with broad smiles.

When Mum returned, we had food on the table. “Where did you get this？” Mum asked. “Guess ...！” I said. And then I showed her the ice cream in the fridge. She had her eyes wide open. “Where did all these come from？” she asked. I told her about the man who gave me the cards and the new grocery store as we had our meal. She shook her head again, this time with a sense of wonder. I could see tears of relief welled up in her eyes.