人教版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第1册UNIT5 WORKING THE LAND课时学案

这是一份人教版高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第1册UNIT5 WORKING THE LAND课时学案，共17页。


1 devte vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于
①(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)The 60­year­ld is nt an actr, but a pliceman. Hwever, he is mre devted(devte) t his “rle” than any real actr.
②(2020·北京卷)Fr the past five years, Paula Smith, a histrian f science, has devted herself t re­creating(re­create) lng­frgtten techniques.
③The riginal intentin was t devte three mnths t the prject.
Yu will never gain success unless yu are fully devted t/devte yurself fully t yur wrk and study(全身心地投入工作和学习中)．
◎ (ding) sth.把……奉献给；专注于(做)某事
◎devte neself t致力于；献身于
◎be devted t深爱；致力于
◎devte his energy t helping the disabled致力于帮助残疾人
◎devte herself t medical wrk全身心投入医疗事业
◎be devted t her family深爱着她的家庭
2 cnvince vt.使相信；使确信；说服
①(2020·天津卷)He cnvinced the plice department t allw(allw) him t set up a cuple f “chat benches” in tw f their lcal parks.
②(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Dirty shrts and ld shes gave him the appearance f a real beggar and his cnvincing(cnvince) dialect sn wn him the trust f the beggars.
③Cnvinced f the accuracy f the data cllected, the researchers stuck t their pinin.
(普通表达)I firmly believe that what yu'd like t share at the chat shw will be f great benefit t us.
(高级表达)I am firmly cnvinced that what yu'd like t share at the chat shw will be f great benefit t us.
◎cnvince sb. f sth.使某人信服某事
◎cnvince sb. t d sth.说服某人做某事
◎cnvince sb. that...使某人确信……
◎cnvinced adj.确信的，深信的
◎be cnvinced f/that...确信……
◎cnvincing adj.有说服力的；令人信服的
◎be firmly cnvinced f his lyalty坚信他的忠诚
◎find n cnvincing evidence没有找到令人信服的证据
◎cnvince me f her inncence使我相信她的清白
3 estimate vt.估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算
①I had my car crashed last weekend and the cst t repair it was estimated(estimate) at $800.
②The maximum wind speed at this pint is estimated t have reached(reach) 68 meters per secnd.
③An estimated(estimate) fur hundred thusand Mexicans entered the United States illegally between 1912 and 1917.
(普通表达)Peple estimate that 80 percent f all cnversatin in English is small talk.
(高级表达)It is estimated that 80 percent f all cnversatin in English is small talk.(被动语态)
◎estimate sth.(at...)估算某物(达到……)
◎be estimated t be/t d/t have dne...估计是/做/做了……
◎estimate that估计……
◎It is estimated that据估计……
◎make a rugh estimate作一个粗略的估计
◎estimate the cst f repairs at $150估计维修费用为150美元
◎accunt fr an estimated 5% f sales约占销量的5%
4 in turn相应地；转而；依次；轮流
①Making cities smarter is ne way ut, and I think this will in turn make cities greener.
②Nw that we have finished designing，the cmpany, in its(it) turn, shuld d the cnstructing wrk.
③They tk turns staying/t stay(stay) awake in case anything went wrng.
当这些女士们依次发言时，她们每个人都赢得了喝彩声。
①There were cheers fr each f the wmen as they spke in turn. (in turn)
②There were cheers fr each f the wmen as they tk turns t speak. (take turns)
◎in ne's turn轮到某人；接着
◎by turns轮流；交替地
◎wait yur turn排队等候
◎It is ne's turn t d sth.轮到某人做某事
◎take turns t d sth./(in/at) ding sth.轮流做某事
◎get cheerful and depressed by turns时而高兴时而沮丧
◎ask each f us in turn t draw让我们每个人轮流画画
◎take turns driving/t drive the car轮流开车
5 [教材原句]Hwever, what cncerned him mst was that farmers ften had pr harvests and smetimes even had a serius shrtage f fd t eat.然而，最让他担心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。
①(2022·全国甲卷)What peple frget is that the Italians, when they came t Australia, brught 2，000 years f their culture.
②What the plants pump thrugh the air is(be) a mixture f chemicals knwn as vlatile rganic cmpunds, VOCs fr shrt.
③What appeals t me mst is that they have prfessinal training prgrams t imprve ur wrk skills.
What calls fr special attentin(需要特别注意的) is that virtue is priceless, especially fr adlescents.
what常引导名词性从句，此时，what既起引导作用，又在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、表语、宾语等，可译为“……的”。如果what从句在整个句中作主语，那么what从句就是主语从句，经常构成句式What...(mst) is/was...。
What struck me mst was that each child in the village had a strng thirst fr knwledge.最打动我的是，村子里的每个孩子都有强烈的求知欲。
6 [教材原句]Given that Yuan's hybrids have made him quite wealthy, ne might think he wuld retire t a life f leisure.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
①(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ改)Michael Kelsey said a rbt culd be extremely useful given(give) rising cncerns abut cattle theft.
②Restaurant keepers need nt be verly cncerned abut “bad” tables, given that they're prfitable.
③(2022·全国甲卷)The mre time yu spend in any given(give) cuntry, the mre cmfrtable yu'll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices.
Given that there might nt be anything else t eat(考虑到可能没有其他东西可吃), Jane quickly picked sme berries and wrapped them in her yellw bluse.
given that是一个连词短语，引导条件状语从句，意为“假如；考虑到；既然”。given本身是个介词，意为“考虑到；鉴于”，后跟名词或名词性从句。另外，given还可以作形容词，意为“规定的；特定的；指定的”，通常放在名词前作定语。
(2021·新高考卷Ⅱ)Salah Sukkarieh, a prfessr at the University f Sydney, sees rbts as necessary given hw cattlemen are aging.悉尼大学教授萨拉赫·苏卡里认为，鉴于养牛人的不断老龄化，使用机器人是有必要的。
7 [教材原句]Hwever, this is far frm the case.但是，这与事实相去甚远。
①In terms f nutritin, fast fd is far frm being satisfactry(satisfactin)．
②Far frm charging(charge) cnsumers high prices, many f these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing ver yet mre data)．
③Far frm (being) relaxed(relax), we bth felt s uncmfrtable that we hardly spke.
(普通表达)It was bvius that much f what they recrded was nt true at all.
(高级表达)It was bvius that much f what they recrded was far frm the truth．
far frm可作“远没有；根本不；非但没有”讲，其后常跟“being＋形容词、过去分词或名词”，being可省略，也可以直接跟动词­ing形式。另外，far frm后接failure, success, satisfactin等名词时，名词前要加不定冠词a。
Frm his slw walk and labured breathing, Ginny realized he was far frm well.看他步履缓慢、呼吸困难的样子，金尼意识到他的身体还远未恢复。
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．The prblem is nt nearly s easy as yu think. It's far frm being settled(settle)．
2．It's said that the nvel Henry had devted many years t gt(get) published last week.
3．Mary and Helen tk turns(turn) at sitting up in the hspital with their sick mther.
4．Given(give) that she is interested in literature，I'm sure writing is the right career fr her.
5．Scientists say there is cnvincing(cnvince) evidence f a link between expsure t sun and skin cancer.
6．There were s many cars held up by the heavy rain n the rad that we had n alternative but t wait(wait)．
7．It is estimated(estimate) that tw millin peple arund the wrld have nw tried bungee jumping.
8．Cnvinced(cnvince) that the gvernment can lead them ut f the financial crisis, peple are ptimistic abut the future f the cuntry.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．There are signs that changing sex rles is a recent issue, but this is far frm the case.
2．What really matters t us is that we shuld develp a psitive attitude twards life.
3．Scientists are cnvinced f the psitive effect f laughter n physical and mental health.
4．We have been lking fr alternatives t the usual treatment, but it seems there are few ptins.
Ⅰ.用所给词的正确形式填空。
1．Crps grwn(grw) with chemical fertilisers usually grw t fast t be rich in nutritin.
2．The first use f atmic weapns was in 1945, and their pwer has been(be) increased enrmusly ever since.
3．The gal f rganic farming is t grw gd fd while aviding(avid) damage t the envirnment r t peple's health.
4．Many Chinese kids, knwn(knw) as “left­behind” children, hardly ever see their parents, because their parents are migrant wrkers.
Ⅱ.在空白处填入一个适当的词。
1．It is nt a prblem whether we can win the battle; it's just a matter f time.
2．Califrnia's grwth rate drpped t 18.5 percent, far belw that f ther Western states.
3．The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is that ne can be entirely free frm/f dust.
4．Althugh mre buses have recently been prvided, a shrtage f public vehicles remains a serius prblem.
Ⅰ.熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思)
1．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)In a wrld where nearly 800 millin peple a year g hungry, “fd waste ges against the mral grain，” as Elizabeth Ryte writes in this mnth's cver stry. B
A．粮食；谷物 B．准则；原则 C．颗粒；微粒
2．(2022·全国乙卷)In Wickenden's bk, she expanded n the histry f the West and als n feminism, which f curse influenced the girls' decisin t g t Elkhead. A
A．详述 B．扩大 C．增强
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Stries like that are mre cmmn in parts f the wrld where multigeneratinal living is mre firmly rted. C
A．不能动弹的 B．找到根源的 C．根深蒂固的
Ⅱ.长难语句(分析句子的结构并翻译成汉语)
1．(2022·全国乙卷)The Gvernment's sugar tax n sft drinks has brught in half as much mney as Ministers first predicted it wuld generate, the first fficial data n the plicy has shwn.
本句是一个复合句，可简化为： brught in half as much mney as Ministers first predicted...。句子的后一部分实为主句，前一部分是宾语从句，作has shwn的宾语。另外，句子用了half as 句型，意为“是……的一半”，第二个as引导定语从句，其中的it wuld generate是宾语从句，作predicted的宾语。
[尝试翻译]该政策的第一份官方数据显示，政府对软饮料征收的糖税所产生的收入是部长们最初预计的一半。
2．(2020·新高考卷Ⅱ)The tall trees make a canpy(树冠层)f branches and leaves which prtect themselves, smaller plants, and the frest animals frm heavy rain, intense dry heat frm the sun and strng winds.
本句是一个复合句，可简化为：The tall trees make a prtect themselves，, ，句中的which引导定语从句，修饰branches and leaves，从句的谓语动词prtect带有三个并列的宾语，第一个frm后也是三个并列的介词宾语。
[尝试翻译]这些高大的树木用树枝和树叶构成一个树冠层，保护自己、较小的植物和森林动物不会遭受暴雨、酷热和大风的侵袭。
短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并背诵该短文。
My class is cmprised f thirty students frm the rural areas, 1.whse distinguishing characteristic is that they can bear hardships. They have a cmmn dream 2.rted(rt) in the depth f their suls: t find a gd jb in an urban area in the future. They are 3.cnvinced(cnvince) that being entirely devted t their studies will finally lead t their dream cming true. Of curse, 4.it is essential that they nt yield t any difficulties. As is knwn t all, dreaming big will 5.definitely(definite) generate pressure, but pressure will, in turn, make peple becme mature and bst their cnfidence. Therefre, whenever they have prblems 6.t tackle(tackle), the students will encurage and help each ther until they attain perfect 7.slutins(slutin). In additin, they are actively lking fr ways t alleviate strain. Fr instance, when they can't digest 8.what is taught t them in class, they may be vercme with anxiety. At this time, they will d sme sprts 9.r listen t sme music in their leisure time t distract them frm the negative emtin. “10.Assuming(assume) yu maintain an intense interest in yur lessns, yu will undubtedly be able t turn yur dream int reality，” the teachers have tld them repeatedly.
Step 1．单句写作(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子)
①中国的农民曾经因食物短缺而挨饿。
Chinese farmers used t starve because f a shrtage f fd．
②他们过去一直在努力寻找提高作物产量的方法，但收效甚微。
They had been struggling t search fr ways t increase crp yields，but with little success.
③为了帮助解决粮食危机，袁隆平教授致力于杂交水稻研究。
In rder t help tackle the fd crisis，Prfessr Yuan Lngping devted himself t ding research n hybrid rice.
④通过艰苦的努力，他克服了大量的技术难题，成功地培育出了杂交水稻，使农民的产量大幅增加。
Thrugh intense effrt, he managed t vercme enrmus technical difficulties and successfully cultivated hybrid rice, which enabled farmers t expand their utput greatly．
⑤农民的收成是以前的两倍，使得世界上22%的人口免于饥饿。
Farmers are prducing harvests twice as large as befre, resulting in 22% f the wrld's ppulatin being free frm hunger．
Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)
Chinese farmers used t starve because f a shrtage f fd. Therefre, they had been struggling t search fr ways t increase crp yields, but with little success. In rder t help tackle the fd crisis, Prfessr Yuan Lngping devted himself t ding research n hybrid rice. Thrugh intense effrt, he managed t vercme enrmus technical difficulties and successfully cultivated hybrid rice, which enabled farmers t expand their utput greatly. Nwadays, farmers are prducing harvests twice as large as befre, resulting in 22% f the wrld's ppulatin being free frm hunger.
Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇)
Step 2．续写练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段)
看到朋友悲痛欲绝，我焦急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。我得想办法使她振奋起来，并说服她不要屈服于暂时的失败。我不停地安慰她，希望能减轻她的悲伤。我还为她提供了一些帮助解决问题的建议。渐渐地，她悲伤的情绪消失了。她内心深处也意识到，生活中学会坚强是极其重要的。确信她已完全走出心理阴影，我高兴得如同喝了蜂蜜。
参考答案：
Seeing my friend vercme with grief, I was s anxius that I was like a cat n ht bricks. I had t d smething t bst her spirits and persuade her nt t yield t temprary failure. I kept cmfrting her, hping t alleviate her sadness. I als ffered her sme tips t help tackle her prblems. Gradually, her sadness faded away. She realized deep dwn that it was essential t learn t be strng in face f difficulties. Cnvinced that she had entirely gt ver her depressin, I felt my heart filled with hney­like jy.
续写语料积累
背诵·句之美
欣赏·语之秀
1．(行为描写)(2022·扬州中学阶段检测)Opening the dr, she saw a stranger standing utside, bdy trembling with cld.
2．(心理描写)(2021·烟台市诊断性测试)Seized by curisity and cncern, I cnstantly turned ver, wndering what had happened t her.
3．(人物描写)(2022·苏锡常镇模拟)Chris was an eight­year­ld by filled with energy, wh excelled in every sprt he played.
(2021·张家口市模拟)When I lked up thrugh their nn­existent rf, I saw gray cluds flating abve me, and suddenly everything seemed s strange. Rain cated my upturned face, flded my eyes, and flwed int my muth. Overwhelmed, I felt like I was drwning.
核心单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．tackle vt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理
2．bst vt.使增长；使兴旺 n．增长；提高；激励
3．cnvince vt.使相信；使确信；说服
4．attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到
5．vercme vt.克服；解决；战胜
6．expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展(业务)
7．estimate vt.估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算
8．cmprise vt.包括；包含；由……组成
9．generate vt.产生；引起
10．digest vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会；领悟 n．摘要；文摘
11．essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的
12．entirely adv.全部地；完整地；完全地
13．alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的
14．aspect n．方面；层面
1．It is fr these reasns that I am firmly cnvinced(cnvince) that this rule will prmte the learning atmsphere and ur teamwrk spirit.
2．Despite recent advancements in 3D fd printing, the industry has many challenges t vercme(vercme)．
3．What fd yu eat and hw well it is digested(digest) will bviusly affect yur sleep t.
4．Water shrtage is the biggest bstacle t bsting(bst) the wrld's grain prductin.
5．Opinins differ regarding hw t tackle(tackle) envirnmental issues while ensuring ecnmic prgress.
6．Withut upgrades, the rads and bridges are unable t cpe with expanding(expand) ppulatins.
7．The number f cmpanies burning cals t generate(generate) pwer is n the decline.
8．It will clse mre than 200 stres natinwide resulting in the lay­ffs f an estimated(estimate) 2，000 emplyees.
派生单词
语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．devte vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devtin n．深爱；挚爱；奉献；忠诚→devted adj.挚爱的；投入的；忠诚的
2．shrt adj.短(期)的；短暂的→shrtage n．不足；缺少；短缺→shrten v．(使)变短；(使)缩短
3．cnventin n．习俗；惯例；常规；传统手法；传统风格；大会；集会→cnventinal adj.传统的；习惯的
4．assume v．假定，假设→assumptin n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得
5．cnsume v．消耗；吃；喝；毁灭→cnsumptin n．消耗；消耗量；消费→cnsumer n．消费者
6．extend v．延伸；延长→extensin n．扩建部分；扩大；电话分机；延期
7．deep adj.深的；深奥的→deeply adv.非常；深沉地→deepen vt.使……加深；使……强烈→depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)
1．The African cuntry is facing the wrst fd shrtage in histry, and being shrt f fd supply will result in many peple starving t death.(shrt)
2．Her latest pem has deeply impressed her readers with its remarkable depth，helping them deepen the understanding f mdern petry.(deep)
3．The air cnditiners f this type cnsume t much electricity, abut which many cnsumers have been making cmplaints.(cnsume)
4．I assume that his pint f view is unrealistic because it is grunded n the assumptin that all men are brn equal.(assume)
5．He has devted his life t the scientific research, and his devtin t his career is admired by everyne, including all his devted friends.(devte)
6．(2020·北京卷)Cnventinal(cnventin) air pllutin mnitrs are nrmally fixed n lamppsts at abut nine feet in the air.
7．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)If yu are in need f a deadline extensin(extend), simply explain the situatin t the prfessr.
高频短语
语境运用(选用左栏短语的适当形式填空)
1．
把……用于；献身；致力；专心
2．be cmprised f
包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
3．deep dwn
在内心深处；本质上；实际上
4．in turn
相应地；转而；依次；轮流
5．fr instance
例如；比如
1．The idea is that white cats are assciated with scientists, wh are in turn thught t have clse attentin t detail.
2．A crwd mainly cmprised f blue­cllar wrkers held a demnstratin last Friday.
3．I suspected that deep dwn, she admired me fr having the curage t disagree with her.
4．The reprt is incmplete; it des nt include sales in France, fr instance．
5．I feel that I've been given a secnd life t devte t smething that is meaningful and enrmus.
原句结构辨识
写作佳句背诵
1．现在分词作结果状语
Why different crps are grwn is because they put imprtant minerals back int the grund, making it ready fr the next batch f crps.
一只狼突然从灌木丛中跳出来，把孩子们都吓呆了。
A wlf sprang ut f the bushes unexpectedly, making the children freeze with terrr．(续写之动作描写)
2．the fact that...同位语从句
What keeps them frm ding s is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand fr fd arund the wrld.
我不会说外语使我在求职时处于明显的劣势。
The fact that I can't speak a freign language puts me at a distinct disadvantage in jb seeking.(应用文之咨询信)
用于情感描写的词汇
用于人物描写的词汇
vercme；deep dwn; essential; entirely
bst; yield; alleviate; tackle; cnvince