高考英语二轮复习虚拟语气讲义以及练习题（含答案）

这是一份高考英语二轮复习虚拟语气讲义以及练习题（含答案），共6页。试卷主要包含了虚拟语气的常见表示等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.虚拟语气的含义 （语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的意图或态度，英语中有三种语气—陈述，祈使，虚拟。）虚拟语气表示所表达的只是一种主观愿望，假象或建议。不要可能实现的事情。 2.虚拟语气的常见表示：if引导的虚拟语气  从句—条件句主句与现在事实相反If+主语+动词过去式（be用were）主语+should/could/would/might+动词原形与过去事实相反If+主语+had 动词分词主语+should/could/would/might+have动词过去分词与将来事实相反If+主语+动词过去（be用were）If+主语+were to doIf+主语+should do主语+should/could/would/might+动词原形 练习题（1）如果我有时间，我就和你去。__________________________________________________________________________练习题（2）如果我是你，我就向老师请教。________________________________________________________________________ 3.虚拟语气的常见表示：错综虚拟语气 错综虚拟语气，指的是，主句和从句时态不一致。根据从句，主句时间选择相应动词形式。还是根据上表。If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now.（翻译成中文）如果你听了医生的话，你现在就好了。听医生的话是与过去事实相反，而主句说的是现在，这就是错综虚拟语气。 练习题（3）如果你听取了我的建议，你现在会更好。________________________________________________________________________   4.虚拟语气的常见表示：虚拟语气的省略  在if条件句中如果后边是were,had,should可省略if,将were，had,should提前例句：If it had rained last week, the crops wouldn’t have died.= Had it rained last week, the crops wouldn’t have died. 练习题(4)：If I were you, I would ask teacher for help.=_______________________________________________________________________________ 但是注意，如果条件句为否定句的话，不能用动词的否定缩略。E.g Were it not for expensive, I would buy it.这样是对的。 5.虚拟语气的常见表示：wish引导的虚拟语气 3.wish引导的虚拟语气。wish后面接的宾语从句，后边接的动词为—与if引导的虚拟条件句很相似   现在--       动词过去式，be 用were   过去--       had done   (could have done)   将来--       would/could /(might)    +动词原形 例句：我希望我是一只小鸟。I wish I were a bird. 练习题(5).我希望我昨天看到了那个明星。___________________________________________________________ 6.虚拟语气的常见表示：as if / as though引导的虚拟语气 as if /as though(好像) 引导虚拟语气   现在--       动词过去式，be 用were   过去--       had done      将来--       would/could /(might)    +动词原形e.g: She treats the student as if he were her own child.可以和wish放在一起记忆，都是和if引导的虚拟条件句很相似。 as if /as though不一定后边接虚拟语气，具体看句子意思，是否说的是不可能实现的事情。 7.虚拟语气的常见表示：建议类的虚拟语气 一个坚持insist,两个命令 order command; 三个建议 suggest advise recommend; 四个要求 require request demand desire 后接宾语从句，宾语从句结构为：主语 +should + 动词原形，should可以省略。注意:suggest意思是“暗示，表明”意思时，insist当“坚持说”的意思时，不用虚拟语气e.g They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem.   John’s pale face suggested that he was ill.   I suggested that something should be done immediately.   He insisted that he was right.    He insisted that the boy should go with his own mum.（类似的注意点—suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea等+that引导的从句，一般都是表示建议，提议，计划的虚拟。也是后面接should do， should 可以被省略。）练习题（6）It is proposed that we ____ advantage of the wind energy to solve the shortage of electricity.A. should be take         B. took            C. will take           D. take 此外，in case， in order that, so that 引导的状语从句中，动词用would/could/should/might+动词原形。 （for fear that 一般后边接should+动词原形， should可以省略。）E.g They left early in case they would miss their train.) It is (high) time(that)+动词过去式/should do 意思为早该做某事。 8.虚拟语气的常见表示：含蓄虚拟语气 5含蓄虚拟语气（含义：其他手段代替了条件句。）标志词：without,          but for,          or,          otherwise,         but,            if only等。e.g But for his help, I could not have finished the task on time.I was ill yesterday. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sport meeting.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.I should have given you more help, but I was too busy.If only I had enough money, I could buy some new clothes. 含蓄虚拟语气需要自行判断哪句是条件句,哪句是结果句（主句），主句的表示依照if表格中主句对应各个时态的表示。 课后练习：1. I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I ____.  A. were injured        B. would be injured  C. had been injured       D. would have been injured 2. I wish I ______ at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
   A.will be          B.would be         C.have been        D.had been 3. Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I ______ as well as her.A.dance             B.will dance      C.had danced        D.danced 4. Without his wartime experiences, Hamingway ______ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A.didn’t write                B.hadn’t written    C.wouldn’t write              D.wouldn’t have written 5. Thank you for your timely help.Otherwise I _____in the experiment.A.had failed                   B.would have failed     C.have failed                  D.will fail6. If you ______ at school, you ______ a college student now.A.had studied hard; would have been  B.should studied hard; should have been    C.had studied hard; would be              D.would studied hard; must have been 7. --There will be a new film tonight.--Yes.But for tomorrow’s test, I______ to see it with you.  A.will go        B.will have gone   C.would go   D. would have gone  8. --Little Daniel is watering the flowers! Why?--Well, I’m not feeling very well today—otherwise I______ it myself. A．did          B．would do         C.have done  D.will have done 9. I don’t know what would have happened to you______ an eye on you. A.if we don’t keep            B.should we not keep     C.would we not keep            D.had we not kept 10.–Did you make it at last?--Yes. But for your help, it______a serious loss.A.will cause   B. would cause   C.would have caused       D. had caused     11. I would rather they ______tomorrow.A.came   B．comeC．will comeD．shall come  12. I regret not having taken your advice. Otherwise I ______ this mistake.A. did not make               B.would not make    C. had not made               D.would not have made 13. But for the chances I was blessed with, my life______ easily a turn for the worse. A. would   take                  B.will have takenC.should   take                  D.could have taken 14. ______the rain stop , the crops would be saved.A.Will        B．would  C.Should D.Had 15.It is high time that middle school students______ more sleeping hourss every day. They are probably the most hard-working people in China.  A.will have                   B．have had          C.have   D.had 16. - How could I thank you enough?--Don’t mention it, Any other man______ that.A.would do                      B.will do    C.would have done               D.must have done 17.一 We didn' t take part in the social activity yesterday.--I______, either, if my teacher hadn ' t reminded me of it.A.didn’t             B．hadn’t   C.wouldn’t             D.wouldn’t have 18.The police recommended that you______ respond to any email requesting your personal information on the Internet.A.needn’d        B．shouldn’tC.wouldn’t D.couldn’t 19.I booked a room, or we ______ nowhere to stay now.A.had               B．had had    C.would haveD.would have had 20.______the morning train, he wouldn’t have been late for the meeting.A. Did he catch    B. Should he catch     C.Has he caught     D. Had he caught  参考答案：练习题（1）—If I had time, I would go with you.练习题（2）If I were you, I would ask teacher for help.练习题（3）If you had taken my advice, you would be better now.练习题（4）Were I you, I would ask teacher for help.练习题 (5) I wish I had seen that star yesterday.练习题（6）D  课后练习：DDDDB  CCBDC   ADDDD   CDBCD