2023湖北省部分重点中学高三10月联考英语试题（含听力）含答案

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湖北省部分重点中学2023届高三上学期10月联考
英语试卷
第一部分:听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the woman exchange the coat?
A. It’s small. B. It’s big. C. It’s dark.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Can I help you?
W: I wonder if I can exchange this black coat for one a size larger.
M: Yes, of course. Pick out another one. I’ll put this one back.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where is the woman’s husband now?
A. In London. B. In Tokyo. C. In Paris.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Has your husband returned from Tokyo yet?
W: Yes, he came back just a couple of days ago. But he’s leaving Paris for London tomorrow.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman think of Greg?
A. He is interesting.
B. He is handsome.
C. He is very tall.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: What does Greg look like?
M: Well, he is very handsome, but he’s actually not very tall. Oh, I see he’s wearing a suit over there. Look.
W: Oh, he looks very interesting.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How will the man get to Paris?
A. By plane. B. By train. C. By bus.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I think I’ll take the train to Paris.
W: Flights are not much more expensive, and you’d be there much faster.
M: That’s fine, but I’m not really in a rush and besides, I have so much to read.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A party. B. A necklace. C. A dress.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you decided what you’re going to wear to the dance?
W: Yes. I want to wear this blue dress with my necklace.
M: That dress is perfect. A long dress is just right for a formal dance.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. How much will the man pay in total?
A. $900. B. $750. C. $700.
7. How will the man pay for the guitar?
A. By credit card. B. By check. C. In cash.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’d like to buy that guitar. How much is it?
W: This one? It’s $900.
M: Wow, that’s so expensive!
W: If you want a cheaper one, I suggest you buy this one. It costs $200 less than the other one.
M: I’ll take it! Can I also have a music book as well?
W: Sure, that will be another $50. Will you pay in cash or by credit card?
M: Well, I know if I pay by credit card I can get a 10% discount, but I don’t have one.
W: Do you pay by check?
M: No, I don’t have, either. I only have some money with me.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At the radio station. B. On the beach. C. In the ocean.
9. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Join the party.
B. Describe the weather.
C. Invite her to the party.
10. What is the weather like today?
A. Hot. B. Warm. C. Cool.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, I’m Sandy and you’re listening to Hawaii’s hottest radio station live from Waikiki Beach. We’ve been partying here all weekend, and the party continues until late tonight! Now, let’s check the weather. Ah, here comes a tourist … Excuse me, sir.
M: Er, yes …
W: Have you been enjoying yourself?
M: Oh yeah! It’s one of the best places I’ve ever been! I’ve been surfing and diving. I have been having a really great time.
W: Great! And one more favor — could you describe today’s weather?
M: Sure. It’s a beautiful day here, not a cloud in the sky. The water is a little cool, but it sure helps to go for a swim in the ocean on a hot day like today! If you’re walking on the beach, you’ll need to wear shoes. The sand is dangerously hot.
W: Thanks a lot! Enjoy your vacation!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11. How much did the man weigh last month?
A. About 155 pounds.
B. About 160 pounds.
C. About 165 pounds.
12. What does the woman like?
A. Alcohol and tea.
B. Meat and coffee.
C. Fruit and milk.
13. What does the man want to do?
A. Jog with the woman.
B. Swim 4 times weekly.
C. Go to bed early tonight.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jerry, you look a bit different.
M: I have put on 5 pounds this month. I weigh 160 pounds. You look so slim. Tell me please, what do you often eat and drink?
W: Well, I don’t eat any meat. But I do eat fish and eggs. And I eat a lot of vegetables and fruit. I love fruit. I never drink alcohol, coffee or tea. I like drinking milk.
M: How often do you exercise?
W: I jog every day, and I swim at least four times a week. I find jogging is good for me, so I keep on doing it.
M: But when do you practice?
W: I jog in the late evening. You might go to bed then.
M: May I jog with you?
W: Certainly. See you tomorrow.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14. What did the man watch first on TV today?
A. A movie. B. Some game shows. C. The news.
15. What do we know about the man?
A. He won $10,000 in a game show today.
B. He went to the studio in California today.
C. He spent most of his time watching TV today.
16. Why did the man miss the football game?
A. He was asleep when the game was on.
B. There was something wrong with the TV set.
C. He was watching another program on TV then.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Welcome home from work. I miss you so much.
W: How are you feeling today?
M: Much better. I’ve rested all day, with only the television as my companion. In fact, since I was sick, all I seem to have the energy to do is watch TV.
W: What did you watch today?
M: I started with some game shows this morning. I won ten thousand dollars today.
W: You did! How?
M: No, I mean, if I had been in the studio in California, I would have won that much. I answered almost all the questions correctly.
W: What did you watch next?
M: At 1:00 I watched a movie with Peter Fonda and Burt Reynolds. It was terrific.
W: Did you watch the football game this afternoon?
M: I wanted to, but I had already watched enough TV by the time it came on. So I lay down and slept just before it came on. When I awoke it was over so I watched the news on another channel.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. What is the speaker doing?
A. Writing a note. B. Giving a speech. C. Leaving a message.
18. Why does the speaker come to David’s town?
A. To visit David’s family.
B. To attend a meeting.
C. To spend his holiday.
19. Who could Catherine most probably be?
A. The speaker’s daughter.
B. The speaker’s wife.
C. David’s wife.
20. When will the speaker telephone David?
A. When he reaches Italy.
B. When he arrives at the airport.
C. When he is in the restaurant up in the hills.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】David, this is Tim, your old college classmate. How is everything going? I’m in town for a meeting. I would have called before I came, but the meeting was supposed to last all day, and I didn’t think I’d have time to talk to you. It turns out that the meeting ended early. I’m hoping we could get together for a while, but my plane back to Columbus leaves at 8:30. We are all fine. Ellie likes her new job. Our kids are doing well in school. We are going to Italy on holiday this year. I’m looking forward to going back there again. Remember what a great time we had when you and I went in 1994? I hope I can find that great restaurant up in the hills. Remember it? Anyway, we were excited about the trip. I hope you and Catherine are OK. Well, I don’t know what else to say on the machine, so I guess I’ll hang up now. I’ll try to give you another call from the airport before I leave. Really sorry I missed you. Give my love to Catherine. Take care. Bye!
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Let’s play games from different countries and learn about different cultures.
Otedama (Japan)
It is played alone with five small sandbags. The player kneels down behind the sandbags, throws one in the air, then uses the same hand to quickly pick up another bag and catch the first. Keep going until you’re holding all five. Too easy? Throw up all the bags and catch them on the back of your hand.
Fengzheng (China)
Fengzhengs or kites are believed to have been invented in China during the fifth century BC by Mozi and Lu Ban. By the fifth century AD, paper kites were being used for military purposes such as signaling and measuring distances. These days, locals commonly fly handmade kites to mark the arrival of spring. In Beijing, the kite string is traditionally cut to allow bad luck to be blown away by the wind.
Topfschlagen (Germany)
Germany is the world’s top exporter of chocolate, so no wonder this game is based on the sweet reward. Put some chocolate under an overturned cooking pot. Kids take turns crawling on the ground blindfolded and lightly strike whatever’s in their path with a wooden spoon. When the spoon hits the pot, the chocolate hunter gathers up the treasure.
EI Gatoy El Raton (Costa Rica)
It is a favorite group circle game for kids. One plays el gato (the cat); another is el raton (the mouse). The rest hold hands, forming a circle around the mouse. As the group skips and sings “the cat wants to get the mouse”, the cat runs outside the circle trying to touch the mouse. The players forming the circle raise and lower their arms to block the cat, and the mouse runs around to avoid being touched. When the cat “gets” the mouse, start over with a new cat and mouse.
21. Which game was once used for wars?
A. Otedama. B. Fengzheng. C. Topfschlagen. D. EI Gatoy El Raton.
22. What is the reward for the Topfschlagen players?
A. Kites. B. Beans. C. Meat. D. Chocolate.
23. What is special about El Gatoy El Raton?
A. It requires at least four players in each round.
B. It is related with a country’s top exported goods.
C. It must be played by children and adults together.
D. It started in the East and spread all around the world.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了来自不同国家的四个传统游戏。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Fengzheng (China)一节中“By the fifth century AD, paper kites were being used for military purposes such as signaling and measuring distances.(到公元5世纪，纸风筝被用于军事目的，如发送信号和测量距离。)”可知Fengzheng曾被用于战争。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Topfschlagen (Germany)一节中“Germany is the world’s top exporter of chocolate, so no wonder this game is based on the sweet reward.(德国是世界上最大的巧克力出口国，难怪这个游戏是基于甜蜜的奖励。)”可知Topfschlagen选手的奖励是巧克力。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。对比其他三个游戏, 尤其根据 EI Gatoy EI Raton(Costa Rica)一节中“It is a favorite group circle game for kids.(这是孩子们最喜欢的一种小组游戏。)”及其细节可推断, “猫捉老鼠游戏”必须要有四个及以上的人一起玩。故选A。
B
Hands up, who’s rubbish at drawing? Ha! Bet you’re not as bad as me.
Like most during lockdown, I missed being in familiar green city spaces. A quick snap (照片) on my phone never quite captured the moment. So I was excited to find “green sketching” sessions near my home. This seemed a perfect Covid-safe activity, even for the untalented.
Our group was all women, with some having had previous artistic training. We were given art supplies and then set drawing exercises to help us get creative.
This type of art, “green sketching”, was inspired by environmental scientist Dr Ali Foxon. Ali thought that spreading the joy of sketching could be the key to making people care about nature instead of just wordy reports. She launched her movement, Boggy Doodles(沼泽涂鸦), in 2016.
The day we were there the forest was glorious—all gold, yellow and brown. We spent the last hour trying to capture a forest scene. Hoping not to embarrass myself too much, I made a real effort to catch the dark and brighter areas of the trunks, their textures (纹理). I used an eraser to create the white shape of a silver tree in the distance. Mine looked more like a winter scene—I hadn’t managed to capture the autumn leaves or the branches. But when the five of us brought our work together at the end, I wasn’t too ashamed: mine was only just the worst.
I had loved this chance for a real and physical creative experience—I can’t be the only one to feel sad at the prospect of a new lockdown. Sketching calms a busy, anxious mind and trains the brain to notice “little things” that spark joy and help strengthen us against life’s challenges. While engaging with nature may well make us keener on protecting it—in Robert Macfarlane’s words, “We will not save what we do not love and we rarely love what we cannot name or do not see” — the benefits of sketching work the other way round.
24. Why did the author take part in the “green sketching” activity?
A. Her friends advised her to do so.
B. She needed something to kill time.
C. She was eager to return to green spaces.
D. She wanted to improve her painting skills.
25. What can we learn about the “green sketching” activity?
A. It was launched by Dr Ali Foxon.
B. It was well-received after being held in 2016.
C. It required the participants to write a report afterwards.
D. It was aimed at raising public awareness of environmental protection.
26. How did the author feel about her “green sketching” experience?
A. She was ashamed that she didn’t take it seriously.
B She felt embarrassed that her work was the worst.
C. She was fascinated by the winter scene in the forest.
D. She enjoyed herself even though she was poor at painting.
27. What does the author want to convey with Robert’s words?
A. Sketching can strengthen one’s creativity.
B. Doing things we love brings us happiness
C The first step to protecting nature is to engage with it.
D. It often takes a calm mind to overcome challenges in life.
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者参加“Green sketching”活动的经历和感受。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Like most during lockdown, I missed being in familiar green city spaces. A quick snap (照片) on my phone never quite captured the moment. So I was excited to find “green sketching” sessions near my home. (和封锁期间的大多数人一样，我怀念熟悉的绿色城市空间。我在手机上快速拍下的照片从未完全捕捉到这一刻。所以我很高兴在我家附近发现了“绿色素描”课程)” 可知，作者渴望回到绿地，回到大自然。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Ali thought that spreading the joy of sketching could be the key to making people care about nature instead of just wordy reports.(阿里认为，传播素描的乐趣可能是让人们关心自然的关键，而不是只是冗长的报道)” 可知，这项活动的目的旨在关心大自然，提高环保意识。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Mine looked more like a winter scene—I hadn’t managed to capture the autumn leaves or the branches.(我的照片看起来更像是冬天的场景——我没有捕捉到秋天的树叶或树枝)”以及最后一段“I had loved this chance for a real and physical creative experience—I can’t be the only one to feel sad at the prospect of a new lockdown. Sketching calms a busy, anxious mind and trains the brain to notice “little things” that spark joy and help strengthen us against life’s challenges.(我很喜欢这个机会来一次真实的、身体上的创造性体验——我不可能是唯一一个对新一轮封锁感到悲伤的人。素描能让忙碌、焦虑的大脑平静下来，训练大脑注意到能激发快乐的“小事”，帮助我们更坚强地应对生活的挑战)”可推知，尽管作者画画很差，但她玩得很开心。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“While engaging with nature may well make us keener on protecting it—in Robert Macfarlane’s words, “We will not save what we do not love and we rarely love what we cannot name or do not see” — the benefits of sketching work the other way round.(虽然与自然接触可能会使我们更热衷于保护它——罗伯特·麦克法兰的话说，“我们不会拯救我们不爱的东西，我们很少会爱我们叫不出名字或看不见的东西”——但素描的好处恰恰相反)”可推知，作者想通过罗伯特的话传达保护自然的第一步是与自然接触。故选C。
C
There goes the proverb, “The early bird catches the worm.” It has been proven that early bird really does catch the worm, but he saves it for dinner. The Oxford University researchers believe the strategy allows them to stock up on food while it helps avoid falling the victims to predators (捕食者).
A full belly in the morning would slow them down in the hunt for food and make them easy prey. So they search out food when they are lean and light and then dine in the evening to ensure they have a big enough store of fat to survive the night.
The “early bird” strategy was revealed in an experiment in which over 2,000 birds were fitted with tiny radio tags which activated when they landed on feeders hidden in Wytham Woods, near Oxford. The feeders were moved around over the course of the day and the researchers noted when the birds landed on them.
“Our results show these birds display very different patterns of food discovery in the morning and afternoon; very few new food sources were found during the afternoon, whereas nearly every new food source we put out during the morning was quickly discovered.” This revealed that the birds were much better at finding the feeders new locations in the morning. However, they waited until the evening to feast on the worms.
The researchers said the complex strategy acts as an insurance policy, with birds remaining light yet still able to get enough fat to survive the night. It is particularly important in winter when the risks of predation are high and just one day without food can make the difference between life and death for small birds.
28. What does the underlined phrase “stock up on” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. store up. B. dispose of. C. throw away. D. eat and digest.
29. How did the researchers conduct the experiment?
A. By comparing the data collected.
B. By referring to the previous research papers.
C. By conducting a random survey in the woods.
D. By observing the birds’ habits of catching worms.
30. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Birds have a better appetite in the morning.
B. Birds prefer to hunt for food in the morning.
C. Birds won’t hunt for food unless they are hungry.
D. Birds hunt as frequently in the morning as in the afternoon.
31. Why do birds adopt a unique and complex eating habit?
A. Because it can help them cope with food shortage.
B. Because they do this for security reasons in a sense.
C. Because they can’t eat up all the food they have caught.
D. Because there are more worms available in the morning.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了牛津大学科技工作者通过观察鸟早晚觅食的差异验证了“早起的鸟有虫吃”这句谚语的科学性问题。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句“So they search out food when they are lean and light and then dine in the evening to ensure they have a big enough store of fat to survive the night.(因此，它们在精瘦的时候寻找食物，然后在晚上进食，以确保它们有足够的脂肪储备来度过夜晚)”可知，鸟在早上觅食直到晚上才大快朵颐，由此可知，它们把找到的食物先先储存起来。A. store up储存；B. dispose of 处理，解决；C. throw away浪费，抛弃；D. eat and digest吃并消化。故选A项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三的“The “early bird” strategy was revealed in an experiment in which over 2,000 birds were fitted with tiny radio tags which activated when they landed on feeders hidden in Wytham Woods, near Oxford. (“早起鸟”策略是在一项实验中发现的。在该实验中，2000多只鸟被安装了微型无线电标签，当它们降落在牛津附近的Wytham Woods的喂食器上时，这些标签就会激活)”和第四段的“Our results show these birds display very different patterns of food discovery in the morning and afternoon; very few new food sources were found during the afternoon, whereas nearly every new food source we put out during the morning was quickly discovered(我们的研究结果表明，这些鸟类在早上和下午发现食物的模式非常不同;在下午很少有新的食物来源被发现，而几乎每一个新的食物来源我们在上午被发现很快)”可知，研究人员通过观察鸟抓虫子的习性来进行实验。故选 D项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“very few new food sources were found during the afternoon, whereas nearly every new food source we put out during the morning was quickly discovered(在下午很少有新的食物来源被发现，而在早上几乎每一个我们投放的新的食物来源很快被发现)”推知，鸟儿更喜欢在早上觅食。故选B项。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“The Oxford University researchers believe the strategy allows them to stock up on food while it helps avoid falling the victims to predators (捕食者). (牛津大学的研究人员认为，这种策略可以让它们囤积食物，同时有助于避免落入捕食者之手)”和最后一段“The researchers said the complex strategy acts as an insurance policy(研究人员表示，这种复杂的策略就像一种保险策略)”可知，某种程度上出于安全考虑，鸟儿利用早上体态轻盈觅食而晚上进食，避免成为被猎食者。故选B项。
D
Industrial agriculture is often held up as the solution to feeding the world’s growing population. But small farms of about 25 acres or less produce over 70 percent of the world’s food. To raise awareness of the contribution of these farmers, a global photo exhibition, We Feed the World, is to open on October 12 in London.
“Industrial agriculture, which mainly focuses on a few types of crops, is not the only answer,” says art director Francesca Price. “We want these images to empower people to support their local food system.”
By growing traditional and non-commercial varieties, small farms support biodiversity and increase food security. With only 12 plants and five animal species making up 75 percent of what the world eats, food systems will be easily hurt by natural disasters and disease outbreaks. However, traditional farming communities are working to preserve their ancient seed diversity.
Keeping variety alive is very important in the face of climate change. In the future, researchers might need to get particular genes from one variety to help another to adapt to warmer, stormier, or drier weather, or to save a prized variety from disease.
Contrary to the false impression held by the public, small farms that practise traditional agriculture can be highly productive. Studies show that the output of crops rises when there’s a wider diversity of crops being grown on a farm, and money is saved since the need for harmful fertilizer and other chemicals is reduced.
“The photographs of family farmers may tell just a few local stories, but the message is universal,” says photographer Cheryl Newman. “I hope that the images will leave viewers thinking deeply about where their food comes from and the impact it has on the world around us.”
32. What is the purpose of the photo exhibition?
A. To help small farmers to sell their produce.
B. To show the challenges faced by small farmers.
C. To draw attention to small farmers’ contribution.
D. To help farmers to fight against industrial agriculture.
33. What can we say about the industrial agriculture?
A. It produces more food than small farms in total.
B. It harms biodiversity and decreases food security.
C. It has been competing unfairly with small farms.
D. It is the only way to feed the world’s population.
34. Why is it important to preserve the traditional and non-commercial crops?
A. Their genes are much better.
B. Their output is much higher.
C. They may help improve the other crops.
D. They don’t need chemical fertilizers at all.
35. What is the text mainly about?
A. The importance of traditional small farms.
B. The problems with the industrial agriculture.
C. The consequences of fast-growing population.
D. The impact of climate change on agriculture.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文说明文。文章主要介绍了传统的小农场在保护生物多样性及确保粮食安全等方面的重要作用。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But small farms of about 25 acres or less produce over 70 percent of the world’s food. To raise awareness of the contribution of these farmers, a global photo exhibition, We Feed the World, is to open on October 12 in London.”（但是，大约25英亩或更少的小型农场生产世界70%以上的粮食。为了提高人们对这些农民贡献的认识，一个名为“我们养活世界”的全球图片展将于10月12日在伦敦开幕）可知，图片展的目的是为了提高人们对从事小型农业农民贡献的认识。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Industrial agriculture, which mainly focuses on a few types of crops,”（工业化农业主要集中在几种作物上）和第三段“With only 12 plants and five animal species making up 75 percent of what the world eats, food systems will be easily hurt by natural disasters and disease outbreaks.”（只有12种植物和5种动物占世界食物的75%，食物系统很容易受到自然灾害和疾病爆发的伤害）可知，注重规模而忽视多样性的工业化农业很可能会损害生物多样性及危害粮食安全。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“In the future, researchers might need to get particular genes from one variety to help another to adapt to warmer, stormier, or drier weather, or to save a prized variety from disease.”（在未来，研究人员可能需要从一个品种中获得特定的基因，以帮助另一个品种适应更温暖、更暴风雨或更干燥的天气，或拯救一个珍贵的品种免于疾病）可知，保护传统作物和非商业作物可以帮助改善其它农作物。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Industrial agriculture is often held up as the solution to feeding the world’s growing population. But small farms of about 25 acres or less produce over 70 percent of the world’s food. To raise awareness of the contribution of these farmers, a global photo exhibition, We Feed the World, is to open on October 12 in London.”（工业化农业往往被认为是解决世界不断增长的人口吃饭问题的办法。但是，大约25英亩或更少的小农场生产了世界上70% 以上的粮食。为了提高人们对这些农民贡献的认识，一个名为“我们养活世界”的全球图片展将于10月12日在伦敦开幕）和最后一段““The photographs of family farmers may tell just a few local stories, but the message is universal,” says photographer Cheryl Newman. “I hope that the images will leave viewers thinking deeply about where their food comes from and the impact it has on the world around us.””(摄影师 Cheryl Newman 说：“家庭农场主的照片可能只讲述了一些当地的故事，但是它传递的信息是普遍的。我希望这些图片能让观众深入思考他们的食物来自哪里，以及它对我们周围世界的影响。”）可知，本文主要介绍了传统的小农场在保护生物多样性及确保粮食安全等方面所发挥的重要作用。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Using data collected from an online game, my colleagues and I could analyse how over 850,000 people learned to play. ___36___ For the first time it showed detailedly the shape of the learning curve, allowing us to test existing theories of learning, and suggesting some new ideas on the best ways to learn.
Space your practice
Our analysis showed people leaving longer gaps between practice attempts tend to score higher. In fact, the longer, the higher.
Our finding confirms lots of other researches: if you are to study effectively, you should spread out your revision rather than cramming (临时抱佛脚). ___37___ But if you are organized enough, you can spend less time revising and remember more.
___38___
Our theory is that these people are exploring how the game works at the beginning, rather than trying to get the very highest score they can every time.
The moral is clear: invest some time in trying things out, which may mean failing occasionally, if you want to maximize learning in the long run.
Practise the thing you’ll be tested on
___39___ If your exam involves writing, you need to practise essay-writing. Just memorizing the material is not enough. Playing an online game is a skill, so is writing exam answers. You have to practise making them so that you can better master them.
Structure information rather than remembering it
Trying to remember has almost no effect on whether you do remember it at all. The implication for revision is clear. ___40___ Instead, you need to reorganize the information in the approach called depth of processing — a useful way to ensure material gets rooted in your memory, such as thinking about how what you’re reading relates to other material, or practising writing answers, etc.
A. This is easier said than done.
B. Make sure you fail occasionally.
C. Balance revision with leisure time.
D. Just looking at your notes won’t help you learn them.
E. The resulting scientific paper has just been published in Psychology.
F. The big mistake many students make is not practising what they will be tested on.
G. Practising scanning information is one of the best ways to ensure you remember it.
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. B 39. F 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是作者和同事通过网络游戏收集来的数据，对逾 850000 位游戏玩家练就游戏技巧进行分析，进而检测现行学习理论和提出新的可行学习方法。
【36题详解】
根据空后“For the first time it showed detailedly the shape of the learning curve, allowing us to test existing theories of learning, and suggesting some new ideas on the best ways to learn. (它第一次详细地展示了学习曲线的形状，使我们能够测试现有的学习理论，并提出一些关于最佳学习方式的新想法)”可知，此处讲述的研究成果的重大意义，指示代词 it 指代的是研究成果。由此可知，空处应讲述研究成果，选项E.“最终的科学论文刚刚发表在《心理学》杂志上。”符合语境。故选E。
【37题详解】
前文“Our analysis showed people leaving longer gaps between practice attempts tend to score higher. In fact, the longer, the higher. Our finding confirms lots of other researches: if you are to study effectively, you should spread out your revision rather than cramming (临时抱佛脚). (我们的分析显示，人们在练习之间留下的间隔越长，得分就越高。事实上，间隔越长，得分就越高。我们的发现证实了许多其他的研究：如果你想有效地学习，你应该分散你的复习而不是临时抱佛脚)”提出了有效学习的方法是分散学习而不是临时抱佛脚，所以空后应承接前文讲述这条建议对于学生意味着什么。由此可知，选项A.“说起来容易做起来难。”符合语境。代词this指代前文讲述的方法。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据下文“The moral is clear: invest some time in trying things out, which may mean failing occasionally, if you want to maximize learning in the long run. (道理很清楚：如果你想从长远来看最大化学习，投入一些时间尝试一些事情，这可能意味着偶尔会失败)”可知，投入一些时间尝试一些事情，可能意味着偶尔失败，但从长远看这是最大化的学校。作为段落标题，应该着重论述偶尔失败是可行的。由此可知，选项B.“确保你偶尔失败。”符合语境。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据本段标题“Practise the thing you’ll be tested on(练习你要测试的东西)”可知，本段讲述要对测试的内容进行练习。选项F.“许多学生犯的最大错误就是没有练习他们将要接受考试的内容。”提到了多数学生的错误在于不练习他们测试的内容，肯定了练习对于测试的意义，与段落标题一致，符合语境。故选F。
【40题详解】
根据本段标题“Structure information rather than remembering it(构造信息而不是记住它)”可知，本段讲述组织加工信息。空后“Instead, you need to reorganize the information in the approach called depth of processing — a useful way to ensure material gets rooted in your memory, such as thinking about how what you’re reading relates to other material, or practising writing answers, etc. (相反，你需要重新组织信息，这种方法叫做深度处理——这是一种有用的方法，可以确保材料植根于你的记忆中，比如思考你正在阅读的材料与其他材料的关系，或者练习写答案等等)”可知，运用深加工方法可以确保记忆更深刻牢固；所以空前的内容提到的方法不行。由此可知，选项D.“只是看看你的笔记并不能帮助你学习它们。”符合语境。故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Passing through the Atlanta airport one morning, I caught one of those trains that take travelers to their boarding gates. The free trains run ___41___ all day long. Not many people consider them ___42___ , but I heard laughter that day. At the front of the first carriage were a man and his son who was about five years old．
“Here we go! Hold on to me tightly!” the father said. “Look out there! See that pilot?
I bet he is walking to his plane.” Hearing that, the son ___43___ his neck to look with curiosity.
As I ___44___ , I remembered something I’d wanted to buy. I was ___45___ for my flight, so I decided to go back. I did and just as I was about to go back to the train for my gate, I saw that the man and his son had ___46___ , too.
“I want to ride some more!”
“More?” the father asked, “You’re not ___47___ ?”
“Not at all. It is fun! Fun!” his son pleaded, looking into his father’s eyes ___48___ . “All right,” the father agreed, and when the door opened we all got on. I realized that the father and his son were just riding this train together, making it exciting, sharing each other’s ___49___ .
At this warm ___50___ , I was lost in thought. Some parents afford to send their children to study abroad alone, ___51___ they end up going on the wrong track. Some parents live in million-dollar houses and ___52___ to meet their children’s every need, even unreasonable ones. As a consequence, their children become ___53___ .
What’s wrong? The answer is so simple: parents should care enough to ___54___ some time with their children, to pay attention and to try their best. It doesn’t cost a cent, but it is the most ___55___ thing in the world.
41. A. here and there B. now and then C. back and forth D. in and out
42. A. safe B. comfortable C. fun D. boring
43. A. stretched B. broke C. bowed D. tapped
44. A. got off B. got up C. got away D. got back
45. A. late B. early C. ready D. thirsty
46. A. flown B. parted C. returned D. agreed
47. A. afraid B. angry C. stressed D. tired
48. A. eagerly B. anxiously C. blankly D. angrily
49. A. guidance B. encouragement C. praise D. company
50. A. word B. message C. scene D. action
51. A. for B. but C. so D. otherwise
52. A. choose B. expect C. fail D. manage
53. A. exhausted B. thrilled C. motivated D. spoiled
54. A. waste B. spend C. seize D. ignore
55. A. valuable B. admirable C. unforgettable D. reasonable
【答案】41. C 42. C 43. A 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. D 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. D 54. B 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文。作者通过自己途中偶然观察到一位父亲陪同孩子一遍又一遍坐机场通勤车，发出感慨－－在孩子成长过程中最重要的就是父亲的陪伴。
【详解】1. 考查短语词义辨析。句意：免费的列车整天来回行驶。A. here and there 到处，处处；B. now and then 时而，偶尔；C. back and forth 来来回回地；D. in and out 进进出出。根据“I caught one of those trains that take travelers to their boarding gates”可知，机场通勤车免费在两点之间来回往返，故选C。

2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不是人人都觉得通勤车好玩，但那天我听到笑声。A. safe安全的；B.comfortable舒服的；C.fun有趣的；D. boring无聊的。根据“the trains run 1 all day long ”和“Not many people consider them ”可知，坐通勤车很无聊。故选C。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到这个，儿子好奇地伸长脖子。A. stretched伸展；B. broke打破；C. bowed弯腰；D. tapped轻拍。根据上下文，父亲的话引起孩子的极大兴趣，于是孩子应该是伸长 stretch 脖子够着看。故选A。
4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我下车，我想起了我想买的东西。A. got off 下车；B. got up起床；C.got away 走开；D.got back拿回。根据下文，作者和这对父子再次车厢遇见，所以这里作者下车 got off。故选A。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我航班还早，所以我决定回去。A. late迟到的；B. early早的；C. ready准备好的；D. thirsty口渴的。 因为作者航班还早 early 时间充裕，所以才决定回去。故选B。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我照做了，正当我准备回到火车上去登机口的时候，我看到那个人和他的儿子回来了。A. flown飞走；B. parted分离；C. returned返回；D. agreed同意。根据 “go back to my train”和 “too”，不难推断出本空为 returned，故选C。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你不累吗”。A. afraid害怕的；B.angry生气的；C.stressed压力大的；D. tired累的。根据“I want to ride some more!”可知，父亲担心儿子会感到累，故选D。
8.考查副词词义辨析。句意：“不是。它是有趣的!有趣的!儿子恳求着，急切地看着父亲的眼睛。A. eagerly渴望地；B. anxiously着急地；C. blankly空白地；D. angrily生气地。根据上下文父子对话可以推断出，父亲关心儿子，儿子一心只想着玩，满怀期待的 eagerly 看着父亲的眼睛。故选A。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，父亲和他的儿子只是一起乘坐这趟火车，让它变得有趣，分享彼此的陪伴。A. guidance引导； B. encouragement鼓励； C. praise表扬；D. company陪伴。本题也就是考查文章的主题，陪伴 company 是最长情的告白。故选D。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到这温馨的场景，我情不自禁陷入了沉思。A. word 单词；B.message信息；C.scene场景；D.action行动。根据“I realized that the father and his son were just riding this train together, making it exciting, sharing each other’s 9 ”可知，看到这温馨的场景，作者情不自禁陷入了沉思。故选C。
11. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：有些父母负担得起送孩子独自出国留学的费用，但他们最终走上了错误的道路。A. for 为了；B. but 但是；C. so 因此；D. otherwise否则。前后表示转折，父母有能力供孩子出国深造，缺乏陪伴，but 孩子误入歧途。故选B。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些父母住在价值百万美元的房子里，设法满足孩子的所有需求，甚至是不合理的需求。A. choose选择；B. expect 期待；C. fail失败；D. manage设法做。根据“even unreasonable ones”可知，家长设法满足孩子需求。故选D。
13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果，他们的孩子被宠坏了。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. thrilled兴奋的；C. motivated有动力的；D. spoiled宠坏的。根据“Some parents live in million-dollar houses and 　　　12　　　 to meet their children’s every need, even unreasonable ones.”可知，父母住百万豪宅，能够做到满足孩子一切甚至是不合理的需求；结果孩子被惯坏宠坏 spoiled。故选D。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：答案很简单：父母应该足够关心，花一些时间和他们的孩子在一起，关注和尽他们最大的努力。A. waste浪费；B. spend花费；C. seize抓住； D. ignore忽视。根据“some time with their children, to pay attention and to try their best.”可知，建议家长多陪伴孩子故选B 。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些父母住在价值百万美元的房子里，设法满足孩子的所有需求，甚至是不合理的需求。结果，他们的孩子被宠坏了。怎么了?答案很简单：父母应该足够关心，花一些时间和他们的孩子在一起，关注和尽他们最大的努力。它不花一分钱，但却是世界上最有价值的东西。A. valuable有价值的；B. admirable令人羡慕的；C. unforgettable 难忘的；D. reasonable合理的。作者最后自问自答，家长愿意花时间陪伴孩子的成长，去关注，去示范。这是一分钱也不用花但却是世界上最划算valuable 最值得的投资。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Digital screen time before bed can have a negative impact on the quality of your sleep. ___56___ European study found being exposed to blue light for as little as 8 minutes keeps you mentally stimulated for over one hour, ___57___ tends to throw off the body’s biological clock.
Much ___58___ (expose) to blue light suppresses (抑制) the production of melatonin, a hormone that induces sleepiness. Melatonin release in the evening helps you relax before bedtime. Suppression of melatonin can cause you ___59___ (stay) up later and sleep less than you normally would.
Seeing something right before bed that either makes you upset ___60___ happy can trigger a response that extends falling sleep, which ___61___ (consequent) delays REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. These emotions can leave you ___62___ (stare) at the ceiling for hours feeling wide awake.
Studies have also found that exciting or violent video games will increase heart rate make it even ___63___ (hard) to fall asleep, and impair sleep quality.
A writer, named Daphne K. Lee, in 2020 ___64___ (write) about “revenge bedtime procrastination” on Twitter—a phenomenon where people who don’t have much control ____65____ their daytime life refuse to sleep early to regain some sense of freedom during late-night hours.
【答案】56. A 57. which
58. exposure
59. to stay
60. or 61. consequently
62. staring
63. harder 64. wrote
65. over##of
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍一项研究，研究发现睡前看电子屏幕会对人的睡眠质量产生负面影响。
【56题详解】
考查冠词。句意：欧洲的一项研究发现，暴露在蓝光下哪怕只有8分钟，也能让你的精神兴奋超过一个小时，这往往会打乱身体的生物钟。后文可数名词单数study是泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定。所连接的单词European发音以辅音音素开头（虽然是元音字母开头），要用a。句首字母大写，故填A。
【57题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：欧洲的一项研究发现，暴露在蓝光下哪怕只有8分钟，也能让你的精神兴奋超过一个小时，这往往会打乱身体的生物钟。分析可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句，关系代词which引导从句，在从句中用作主语。故填which。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：大量暴露在蓝光下会抑制褪黑激素的产生，褪黑激素是一种诱导睡意的激素。根据前文Much可知，此处应用其名词形式exposure(不可数)作主语。故填exposure。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：抑制褪黑素会导致你熬夜，睡眠时间比平时少。根据前文cause you可知，此处应用其动词不定式作宾语补语，cause sb to do sth是固定句型。故填to stay。
【60题详解】
考查连词。句意：睡前看到一些让你心烦或高兴的东西会引发一种反应，延长入睡时间，从而延迟REM(快速眼动)睡眠。后文happy和前文upset之间是选择关系，故填or。
【61题详解】
考查副词。句意：睡前看到一些让你心烦或高兴的东西会引发一种反应，延长入睡时间，从而延迟REM(快速眼动)睡眠。副词修饰动词。故填consequently。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些情绪会让你盯着天花板几个小时，感觉非常清醒。分析可知，此处为非谓语，动词stare和前文you之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作宾语补足语，leave sb/sth doing sth是固定句型。故填staring。
【63题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：研究还发现，刺激或暴力的电子游戏会增加心率，使人更难入睡，并损害睡眠质量。根据前文“exciting or violent video games will increase heart rate”等句意可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。故填harder。
【64题详解】
考查时态。句意：2020年，一位名叫Daphne K. Lee的作家在推特上写了一篇关于“报复性睡前拖延症”的文章，这是一种现象，指那些对白天生活没有太多控制权的人拒绝早睡，以在深夜重获一些自由感。根据时间状语in 2020可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填wrote。
【65题详解】
考查介词。句意：2020年，一位名叫Daphne K. Lee的作家在推特上写了一篇关于“报复性睡前拖延症”的文章，这是一种现象，指那些对白天生活没有太多控制权的人拒绝早睡，以在深夜重获一些自由感。短语have control of/over“对……有控制权”是固定搭配。故填over/of。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，校学生会主席。现在全国中小学生近视问题日益严峻，这一现象已经引起了国家的高度重视。为此，请你在全校升旗仪式上做演讲，呼吁爱眼护眼。内容包括：问题的严重性；改进和预防措施等。要求：
1. 词数 80 词左右；
2. 开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：近视 nearsightedness
Dear teachers and fellow students;
It’s my great honour to stand here and present a speech about the worrying situation of nearsightedness among Chinese students.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all! Thanks for all your attention!
【答案】Dear teachers and fellow students;
It’s my great honour to stand here and present a speech about the worrying situation of nearsightedness among Chinese students. Nowadays in China, huge numbers of students are near-sighted, college students included. Worse still, the tendency is still on the rise. So, it is high time we took immediate and proper measures right now.
Here, I do appeal to you all to stick to the practice of eye exercises at least twice a day. Besides, don’t read in an environment where it is too dim or too bright. As you know, too much screen time contributes a lot to poor eyesight, so you’d better stay away from digital devices as well. Last of all, please remember to give your eyes a short rest between classes by looking afar outside.
Take good care of the window of your heart, and you’re bound to enjoy a bright future.
That’s all! Thanks for all your attention!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在全校升旗仪式上做演讲，呼吁爱眼护眼。内容包括：问题的严重性；改进和预防措施等。
【详解】1.词汇积累
发表演讲：present a speech →give/deliver a speech
在增长：on the rise → increasing
立刻：right now →immediately
此外：Besides → What’s more
2.句式拓展
句式转换
原句：Take good care of the window of your heart, and you’re bound to enjoy a bright future.
拓展句：Taking good care of the window of your heart, you’re bound to enjoy a bright future.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, don’t read in an environment where it is too dim or too bright.（运用了where引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】As you know, too much screen time contributes a lot to poor eyesight, so you’d better stay away from digital devices as well.（运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
After filling out fifty applications, going through four interviews, and winning one offer. I took what I could get a teaching job in what I considered a distant wild area; western New Jersey. My characteristic optimism was alive only when I reminded myself that I would be doing what I had wanted to do since I was fourteen—teaching English.
School started I was teaching English. I worked hard, taking time off only to eat and sleep. And then there was my sixth grade class-seventeen boys and five girls who were only six years younger than me. I had a problem long before I knew it. I was struggling in my work as a young idealistic teacher. I wanted to make literature come alive and to promote a love for the written word. The students wanted to throw spitballs (纸团) and whisper dirty words in the back of the room.
In college I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad behavior. So I did, confident that, as the textbook had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention. It sounds reasonable, but the text evidently ignored the fact that humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seem reasonable. By the time my boss, who was also my task master (监工), known to be the strictest, most demanding, most quick to fire inexperienced teachers, came into the classroom to observe me, the students exhibited very little good behavior to praise.
My boss sat in the back of the room. The boys in the class were making animal noises, hitting each otherwhile the girls filed (锉) their nails or read magazines. I just pretended it all wasn't happening, and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions. My boss, sitting in the back of the room, seemed to be growing bigger and bigger. After twenty minutes he left, silently. Visions of unemployment marched before my eyes. I felt mildly victorious that I got through the rest of class without crying, but at my next free period I had to face him.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
After class, I walked to his of fice, took a deep breath, and opened the door.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Inspired by his advice, I walked towards the classroom, determined to make a change.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para 1:
After class, I walked to his of fice, took a deep breath, and opened the door. My boss was sitting in his chair with a hardened face, gazing at me long and hard. Anxious and ashamed, I said nothing, wondering if he would fire me right away. He handed me an envelope, which definitely added more anxiety to me at that moment. However, my eyes went wide open when I opened it and read the letter. It was not an unemployment letter but a letter with several suggestions about my teaching, one of which was highlighted in red: An educator should respect students, feelings. Almost immediately, a warm glow of emotion rose inside me. As I went out of the office, I made up my mind to change my attitude.
Para 2:
Inspired by his advice, I walked towards the classroom, determined to make a change. As the bell rang, I stood on the platform, eyes wandering across the classroom. The students seemed to expecting another boring and dull English lesson, some dropping their eyes and some whispering in the back rows. I cleared my throat and announced, “Boys and girls, let’s begin with your voice about my literature lesson.” Suddenly, a complete silence fell over. Each lifted his heads and cast me a puzzled look. Flashing a smile, I encouraged, “Anything you’d like to say!” At this, the students got stirred up. The class soon amazingly came to life thanks to their brilliant voices, which brought me to what my strictest boss enlightened me: respecting the students instead of ignoring them will make a difference.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者去了偏远的荒野地区——新泽西西部——教英语，在工作中苦苦挣扎，学生们在教室后面扔纸团，说脏话，而作者的领导也特别严格，最会开除没有经验的老师。领导看到了作者课上学生的众多不良行为后，给了作者建议，作者也因此下定决心做出改变，领悟到尊重学生而不是忽视他们会产生很大影响。
详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“下课后，我走到他的办公室，深吸了一口气，打开了门。”可知，第一段可描写作者面对领导时发生的事情，领导给了作者建议。
②由第二段首句内容“在他的建议的鼓舞下，我走向教室，决心做出改变。”可知，第二段可描写作者收到建议鼓舞后的所作所为，作者开始鼓励学生发言。
2.续写线索：作者来到领导办公室——作者面对领导感到焦虑羞愧——领导给出建议——领导受到鼓舞——作者做出改变——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
递给：hand sb. sth./ pass sth. to sb.
解雇：fire / kick out
决心做某事：make up one’s mind to do sth./ be determined to do
情绪类
困惑：puzzled / confused
惊奇：amazingly / surprisingly
【点睛】[高分句型1] Anxious and ashamed, I said nothing, wondering if he would fire me right away. (运用了形容词作状语以及if引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] However, my eyes went wide open when I opened it and read the letter. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)