外研版高考英语一轮总复习教材知识解读必修第2册Unit 6 Earth first课时学案

这是一份外研版高考英语一轮总复习教材知识解读必修第2册Unit 6 Earth first课时学案，共17页。


三言
两语
1. A week before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth.
2. Only when we protect the animals from being harmed will they live in peace here.
3. In my opinion, the city can spare a lot of land by tearing down useless buildings without having to expand outward and at the same time, careful planning should be done by the government to protect wildlife and maintain the natural beauty.
1. 我们在循环利用方面做得如此好以至于我们被邀请给我们学校的所有学生分享我们的想法与经验。
We did so well in recycling that we were invited to share our ideas and experience with all the students of our school.
2. 他的想法如此切实可行以至于该地区的动物得到了保护并且人们也开始培养出了一种责任感。
So practical was his thought that the animals in that area got protected and people began to develop a sense of responsibility.



核心单词
[默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词　
1. target v. 把……作为目标
2. attitude n. (尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度
3. ocean n. 海洋，大海
4. staff n. 员工
5. damage v. 破损，损害，损伤
6. drought n. 旱灾，干旱
7. flood n. 洪水，水灾
8. supply n. 煤气、电力、自来水等供应(系统)
9. adopt v. 采取(某种方法)
10. lecture n. (尤指大学里的)讲座，讲课，演讲
11. amount n. 数量，数额
12. remove v. 移走，搬走，去掉
13. average adj. 平均(数)的
14. severe adj. (问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的
15. urge v. 竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促
16. restore v. 使恢复
17. campaign n. (宣传)活动
核心单词
[语境运用]根据汉语提示写出单词　
1. It's reported that several vehicles were damaged (损害) in the crash.
2. The water supply (供应) has been cut off temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes.
3. The terrible drought (干旱) early this year destroyed almost all the crops in the field.
4. All three teams adopted (采用) different approaches to the problem.
5. In the crash he suffered severe (严重的) injuries to the head and arms.
6. She's giving a series of lectures (讲座) on the history of art.
7. Over the last 100 years, the global average (平均的) temperature has increased by 1°F.
8. They urged (敦促) Congress to approve plans for their reform programme.
拓展单词
[词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式　
1. scare v. 使(某人)惊恐，吓唬→scared adj. 害怕的→scary adj. 令人害怕的
2. fortunately adv. 幸运地→fortunate adj. 幸运的→fortune→n. 幸运；财富，运气
3. devote v. 致力，献身，倾注→devoted adj. 献身的，忠诚的→devotion→n. 奉献，献身
4. establish v. 建立，设立→establishment n. 建立
5. reduce v. 减少，降低→reduction n. 降低，减少
6. electricity n. 电→electrical adj. 有关电的→electric adj. 电的；电动的
7. concerned adj. 焦急的，担忧的→concern n. 关心，担心→concerning→prep. 有关，涉及
拓展单词
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空　
1. The film is so scary that many people are scared to see it.(scare)
2. Recently, I was fortunate enough to travel to South Africa. Fortunately, I have a chance to travel with another Chinese.(fortune)
3. Her son, to whom she was so devoted, went abroad 6 years ago. Now, he wants to go back devoting himself to the motherland.(devote)
4. Now many kinds of electrical appliances are powered by electric energy converted by solar energy.(electricity)
5. Concerning her mother's age, she is concerned about her health.(concern)
阅读单词
【教师用书独具】
1. shark n. 鲨(鱼)　
2. dive v. (通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水
3. highlight v. 使……突出，使注意力集中于
4. reserve n. (野生生物)保护区
5. sustainable adj. 可持续的，不破坏环境的
6. bulb n. 灯泡
7. renewable adj. (能源)可更新的，可再生的，可恢复的
8. carbon n. 碳
9. reusable adj. 可再度使用的，可多次使用的
10. brochure n. 小册子
11. solar adj. 利用太阳光(能)的
12. release v. 释放，排放
13. smog n. 烟雾，雾霾
14. fog n. 雾
15. fin v. 切去(鱼的)鳍 n. 鱼鳍
16. slide n. 幻灯片
17. false adj. 不正确的，错误的
18. device n. 设备，仪器，装置
19. stand­by adj. 备用的
20. mode n. (机器、设备的)运行方式，状态，模式
21. leak v. (使)漏，(使)渗漏
22. appliance n. 家用电器，家用器具
23. plug n. (电)插头
24. litre n. 升，公升
25. greenhouse n. 温室，暖房
26. canteen n. (工厂、学校等的)食堂，餐厅
熟词生义
1. If you order after that, we reserve the right to either accept or reject order request.保留；保存
2. The couple are unable to have children of their own, but hope to adopt one.收养；领养
3. (2018·全国卷)He removed a notice from the door.揭掉；剥开


高频短语
短语应用
1. due to 由于，因为
2. have an effect on/upon
对……有影响
3. see... as... 把……看作……
4. break down 分解
5. take... into account 把……考虑进去
6. in fear 恐惧，担心
7. cut off 切断；阻断；隔断
8. mistake... for... 把……误认为……
9. turn off 关闭
10. contribute to 促成；有助于……；投稿
[语境运用1]填入一个适当的词　
1. (2020·天津卷)Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes.
2. You'd better turn off the water supply before carrying out repairs.
3. We often mistake the little girl for her twin sister, for they are quite similar.
4. The little boy saw a snake on the street and ran away in fear.
5. The village located in the south of this city is cut off by the flood.
[语境运用2]填入一个适当的词　
In recent years, the wide use of plastic has an effect 1. on/upon the environment. People see it 2. as convenient material, not taking its side effect 3. into account. In fact, plastic is harmful due 4. to its poisonous chemicals and it will take many years to break 5. down.


教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1. 感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语
We see a woman swimming at night in a dark sea.
当回到宿舍的时候，我们发现里面站着一个陌生人。
When we returned to the dormitory, we found a stranger standing in it.
2. the number of...
After 1975, the number of large sharks around America fell quickly, and soon fell around the world.
集邮者的人数在迅速增加。
The number of stamp­collectors is growing rapidly.
3. not only... but also...
This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning.
不仅学生们，这个老师也反对这个计划。
Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan./Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan.
4. 倍数表达法
However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
这条街道是那条街道的四倍长。
This street is four times as long as that one.


1. devote v. 致力，献身，倾注，专心于
(1)devote... to (doing) sth. 把……献给(做)某事，把……致力于(做)某事
devote oneself to (doing) sth. 致力于，献身于，专心于(做)某事
(2)devoted adj. 挚爱的，忠实的
be devoted to (doing) sth. 献身于(做)某事，专心致志于(做)某事
(3)devotion n. 深爱，奉献
[联想]表示“专心于，致力于”的其他短语：
①be addicted to
②be absorbed in
③be lost in
④focus on
⑤concentrate on
[词块]
devote his energies to a job of helping the disabled
把他的精力集中在帮助残疾人的工作
devote all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children 为中国的妇女儿童医疗事业贡献她毕生的精力
——单句语法填空
①(2019·浙江卷)I still remember what you have devoted to improving (improve) my oral English and English writing.
②You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted (devote) to your work.
③With all her time devoted (devote) to the experiments, she has no time for housework.
④(天津卷)He is a devoted (devote) father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was in trouble.
⑤A teacher's devotion (devote) to education deserves great respect of the whole public because it brings benefits to the development of society.
——句式升级
(普通表达)Jane devotes herself to teaching the deaf children so she has little time to care for her own daughter.
⑥(高级表达)Devoting herself to teaching the deaf children, Jane has little time to care for her own daughter.(现在分词短语作状语)
⑦(高级表达)Devoted to teaching the deaf children, Jane has little time to care for her own daughter.(过去分词短语作状语)
2. affect v. 影响；感动；侵袭
(1)be affected by 被……侵袭；被……感动
be affected with a high fever 发高烧
(2)effect n. 作用，影响
influence n. & v. 影响
have an effect/influence on 对……产生影响
(3)affection n. [U]喜爱，钟爱，慈爱
[词块]
decisions which affect our lives 影响我们生活的决定
gain/win my mother's affection 得到我母亲的爱
——单句语法填空
①Affected (affect) with a serious disease, he was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery.
②I feel much affection (affect) for my mum, whose words and actions have a positive effect on me.
——句式升级
(普通表达)Many young people were deeply affected/moved by his story and began to do volunteer work for the disabled.
③(高级表达)Deeply affected/moved by his story, many young people began to do volunteer work for the disabled.(分词作状语)
3. permission n. 允许，许可
(1)ask for permission 请求许可
with/without sb.'s permission 得到某人的允许/未经某人的许可
(2)permit v. 许可，允许，准许 n. 通行证，许可证；执照
permit＋n./pron./doing 允许……
permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

permit的常用结构有permit doing sth., permit sb. to do sth.。有相同用法的动词有advise, allow, forbid等。
[词块]
a parking permit 停车许可证
apply for a permit 申请许可证
written permission 书面许可证；签单
give permission 准许
——单句语法填空
①(天津卷)Mobile phone conversations are not permitted (permit) anywhere in the library.
②(全国卷Ⅰ)I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film (film) a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
③You can read the daily newspaper, magazines and other books in the reading room, but you are not permitted to take (take) them out.
④The visitors are reminded that the museum doesn't permit smoking (smoke)．
⑤(2018·江苏卷)It's strange that he should have taken the books without the owner's permission (permit)．
——句式升级
(普通表达)(天津卷)If time permits, I expect to join in more activities where we can have our friendship strengthened.
⑥(高级表达)Time permitting, I expect to join in more activities where we can have our friendship strengthened.(独立主格结构)
4. contribute v. 促成，造成(某事)发生；捐献；贡献；捐助；导致；投稿
(1)contribute to 有助于；促成；造成；为……做贡献；为……撰稿
contribute... to/towards... 向……捐献……；为……奉献；向……投稿
(2)contribution n. 贡献
make a contribution to/make contributions to
对……做出贡献
(3)contributor n. 捐款人；贡献者；投稿人；促成因素

contribute to 和 make a contribution/contributions to 中的to均为介词，其后要接名词、代词或动名词。
[词块]
contribute ￡5，000 to the earthquake fund 向地震基金捐赠了5 000英镑
contribute a number of articles to the magazine 给这家杂志投了很多稿
contribute to obesity导致肥胖
contribute some food and clothes to the poor in Africa向非洲的穷人捐一些食物和衣服
make contributions to the establishment of our country为我们国家的建立做出贡献
——单句语法填空
①(2018·江苏卷)Arts contribute to cultural development when people gather together to share their experience and renew their energy.
②(江苏卷)It is more meaningful to contribute books and sports goods to children in need.
③Your contribution (contribute) will certainly make the event a huge success.
④I'm sure your suggestion will contribute to solving (solve) the problem.
——句式升级
(普通表达)He made such a great contribution to the university that the new library was named after him.
⑤(高级表达)Such a great contribution did he make to the university that the new library was named after him.(倒装句)
5. urge v. 竭力主张，强烈要求，敦促 n. 强烈的欲望，冲动，迫切的要求
(1)urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge that... (should) do sth. 极力主张做某事
It's urged that... (should) do sth. 坚决要求做某事
urge (sb.) on 力劝；强调；强烈要求
(2)have/feel an urge to do sth. 渴望做某事
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的，迫切的
in urgent need of 急需
(4)urgency n. 紧急，催促
(5)urgently adv. 紧急地，迫切地
[词块]
in urgent need of food, medicine and shelter急需食品、药品和住所
urge you to do more reading督促你多阅读
a matter of great urgency一件非常紧急的事
——单句语法填空
①(2019·天津卷)Hearing that you'll give us a lecture about western art and want to hear our opinions about which topic to cover, I feel an urge to make (make) my voice heard.
②—Must you interrupt now? Can't you see I'm on the phone?
—Sorry, Sir, but it's urgent (urge)．
③(2018·浙江卷)Because of all this extra time, there was no sense of urgency (urge) to do my school work immediately.
④(全国卷Ⅰ)I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.
⑤The teacher urged on his students the importance of studying abroad.
⑥The tasks for the present are those urgently (urgent) demanded by the war.
——一句多译
(江苏卷)父母应该积极地督促孩子利用加入体育队的机会。
⑦Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.(urge sb. to do)
⑧Parents should actively urge that their children (should) take advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.(urge that...)
6. take... into account/take account of... 把……考虑进去
(1)on account of 因为，由于
on no account 决不
give an account of 报告，叙述，说明
(2)account for 解释，说明，(数量、比例上)占
[词块]
open an account 开户
create an email account 创建电子邮件账户
give us a long account of her trip to Europe 向我们详细讲述她的欧洲之行
——单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏卷)In modern man, the brain accounts for about 2－3% of total body weight, but it consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest.
②(江苏卷)While this book tells the stories of famous people in history, it also gives an account of the lives of lesser­known individuals.
③He had to leave his beloved basketball team on account of his injured legs.
④(2019·天津卷)The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.
——完成句子
⑤(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.
照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。
7. 倍数表达法
(教材原文)However, making a paper bag uses four times as much energy as making a plastic bag and up to three times the amount of water.
然而，制造一个纸袋所耗费的能源是制造一个塑料袋的四倍，耗水量高达后者的三倍。
常见的倍数表达句型：
(1)．..倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as...
(2)．..倍数＋形容词比较级/副词比较级＋than...
(3)．..倍数＋the size/length/height/depth/width＋of...

表示“两倍”时要用double或twice，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”。有时我们也用分数、百分数、half等代替倍数。
[金句]It's said that the power plant is now twice as large as what it was.
据说该发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。
——单句语法填空
①(江苏卷)The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster (fast) than traditional garbage as a whole.
②The new stadium being built for the 2022 Asian Games will three times the height (high) of the present one.
——一句多译
众所周知，地球大约是月球的49倍大。
③As is known to us, the earth is about 49 times as large as the moon.
④It is known to us that the earth is about 49 times larger than the moon.
⑤What is known to us is that the earth is about 49 times the size of the moon.
8. not only... but also...
(教材原文)This was not only due to fear of sharks, but also finning.
这不仅是因为对鲨鱼的恐惧，还因为割鳍。
not only... but also...的基本用法：
(1)用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者。其中的also有时可以省略。
(2)可连接两个并列的句子。若not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，but also后的句子不倒装。
(3)若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语动词通常与邻近的主语保持一致。
[金句](2019·北京卷)Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you'll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness.
你不仅可以帮助我们的年轻志愿者自我发展，还可以学习新的技能和提高你的文化意识。
——单句语法填空
①(2018·浙江卷)Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
②(全国卷)The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only was teachers' energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons.
③Not only the teacher but also the students were (be) against the plan at that time.
④(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too.
——句式升级
(普通表达)As we all know, reading classics can not only improve our studying career but also enrich our everyday life.
⑤(高级表达)As we all know, not only can reading classics improve our studying career but also it can enrich our everyday life．(倒装句)
【教师用书独具】
9. majority n. 多数，大多数(人或物)
(1)a/the majority of... 大多数……
in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数
(2)major n. & v. 专业；主修 adj. 较大的；主要的
major in 主修……；以……为专业
(3)minority n. 少数
(4)minor adj. 小的；不很重要的；不很严重的

“the/a majority of＋名词”表示“大多数”，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词相一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。
[词块]
major industries 主要工业
major operation 大手术
major roads 要道
major subjects 主修专业课程
major in advanced math 主修高等数学
——单句语法填空
①One­third of the country is (be) covered with trees and the majority of the citizens are (be) black people.
②Only a minority (minor) of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking the subway to go to work are in the/a majority.
③(北京卷)In fact, he inspires me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.
——词汇升级
(普通表达)When it comes to education, most people believe that it is a lifetime study.
④(高级表达)When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that it is a lifetime study.
10. remove v. 移走，搬走，去掉
remove... from... 把……从……移开
remove from... to... 从……搬迁到……
remove sb. from school/office 开除/免职某人
——写出下列句子中remove的含义
①(全国卷Ⅰ)When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.除去
②She removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.摘掉；脱掉
③We tried to remove his doubt and let him tell the truth.打消
④Three children were removed from the school for bad behaviours yesterday.开除
——句式升级
(普通表达)What you said has completely removed my doubts.
⑤(高级表达)What you said has had my doubts removed completely. (have＋宾语＋宾补)


用所给词的正确形式填空
1. We'll go hunting this Sunday morning if the weather permits (permit)．
2. Realising her mum must be very tired after a day's work, the girl helps (to) remove (remove) the bag from her shoulder.
3. As far as I'm concerned (concern), riding bicycles is a good solution.
4. He urged that we (should) take (take) such steps.
5. Many television and radio programmes are devoted (devote) to fitness information and group exercise.
在空白处填入一个适当的词
6. It's reported that the town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
7. Having made mistakes, he is scared of facing his strict teacher.
8. We like our English teacher very much. She always takes a friendly attitude to us.
9. We are not permitted to talk in the library, nor can we take books out without permission.
10. This year our company has published twice as many books as we did last year.
查缺补漏
11. Charles cheated in the exam, for which he was severely (severe) punished.
12. The manager was satisfied to see many new products developed (develop) after great effort.
13. (2020· 江苏卷)Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that can have an effect on everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal life.
14. Unfortunately (fortunate), he was knocked down by a car, which made all of us upset.
15. They urged me to eat (eat) the strange food which I have never seen before.

【教师用书独具】
单元话题语篇练
Every minute, people around the world purchase 1 million plastic bottles, 1. which adds up to roughly 526 billion bottles every year. Much of the plastic 2. ends (end) up in landfills (填埋场), rivers or oceans, often with destructive effects on wildlife. Many people are now trying to cut down on plastic use, while also turning the single­use plastic into something 3. useful (use) — like auto parts.
Recycled plastic is ideal for automotive parts due to its light 4. weight (weigh) that offers additional benefits such as 5. improving (improve) a vehicle's aerodynamics (空气动力) and reducing cabin noise.
The use of plastic in vehicle parts has grown a lot since the last decade, especially in underbody shields (车底护板). 6. It is assumed that around 1.2 billion recycled plastic bottles are used every year — that's about 250 bottles per vehicle 7. on average.
How exactly does your plastic water bottle turn into an aerodynamic auto part? After you put the bottle into the recycling bin, it's 8. eventually (eventual) combined with thousands of others and cut into tiny pieces. Then, these pieces 9. are sold (sell) to a supplier, who turns them into a fiber by melting them. This fibers mixes with other elements (元素) in a special process, and then it is used 10. to create (create) a sheet of material that can be formed into vehicle parts.
单元话题写作练
1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)
①许多野生动物因为受到人类活动的严重影响，正处于灭绝的危险之中。
Many wild animals are seriously affected by human activities, so they are in danger of extinction.
②我们很担心这种情况，于是提出如下建议。
We are so concerned about the situation that we put forward the following suggestions.
③建立更多的自然保护区是值得的，在保护区，野生动物可以受到很好的保护。
More nature reserves are well worth establishing, where wild animals can be well protected.
④采取措施监测野生动物的生存条件也是个不错的想法，只有这样我们才能更好地照管它们。
It's also a good idea to adopt measures to monitor the living conditions of wild animals, and we can take better care of them only in this way.
⑤我们应该努力提高人们保护野生动物的意识。
We should struggle to raise people's awareness of protecting wild animals.
⑥我们真诚地希望每一个人都积极参与到保护濒危物种免于灭绝中来。
We sincerely hope that everyone can get actively involved in protecting endangered species from extinction．
2. 升级平淡句
(1)用分词作状语改写句①
Seriously affected by human activities, many wild animals are in danger of extinction.
(2)用部分倒装改写句④and之后的部分
It's also a good idea to adopt measures to monitor the living conditions of wild animals, and only in this way can we take better care of them.
3. 衔接成美文
Seriously affected by human activities, many wild animals are in danger of extinction. We are so concerned about the situation that we put forward the following suggestions. To begin with, more nature reserves are well worth establishing, where wild animals can be well protected. Meanwhile it's also a good idea to adopt measures to monitor the living conditions of wild animals, and only in this way can we take better care of them. More importantly, we should struggle to raise people's awareness of protecting wild animals. We sincerely hope that everyone can get actively involved in protecting endangered species from extinction.