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外研版高考英语一轮总复习教材知识解读选择性必修第2册Unit 6 Survival课时学案
展开三言 | 两语 |
1. We should awaken public awareness of protecting the wildlife. 2. It is a shame that students leave the water running without turning off the tap after washing. 3. It is high time for us to take measures to prevent the earth from getting warmer. | 1. 只有这样我们才能与动物和谐相处。 Only in this way can we live in harmony with the animals. 2. 水资源已经被污染得如此严重，以至于一些水不适合饮用或使用。 Water resources have become so badly polluted that some of the water is unfit to drink or use. |
核心单词 | [默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词 1. suburb n. 郊区，城郊 2. urban adj. 城镇的，城市的 3. thief n. 小偷，贼 4. garbage n. 垃圾 5. estimate v. 估计，估算 6. crucial adj. 至关重要的，关键性的 7. restrict v. 限制，控制 8. cave n. 洞穴 9. monthly adj. 每月一次的 10. nuclear adj. 核武器的 11. orbit v. 环绕……运行 12. infer v. 推断，推定 13. astronaut n. 宇航员，太空人 14. capsule n. (航天器的)密封舱，太空舱 15. trunk n. 树干 16. consist v. 由……组成 |
核心单词 | [语境运用]根据汉语提示写出单词 1. All the thieves (小偷) were caught in a day, which satisfied the residents. 2. The university estimates (估算) that living expenses for international students are around $8，450 a year, which is a burden for some of them. 3. Travel is my dream, but a busy working life has restricted (限制) my opportunities. 4. How does the big family survive on such a small monthly (每月一次的) wage in Shanghai? 5. When he was orbiting (环绕……运行) in the capsule, he took photographs of the earth. 6. It can be inferred (推定，推断) from what the coach said that he was not satisfied with our performance in the final match. 7. When young, the twin brothers both dreamed of becoming astronauts (宇航员)． 8. More and more people living in urban (城市的) areas fall in love with the lifestyle in the countryside. 9. It is a good idea to make garbage (垃圾) recyclable to make the earth cleaner. 10. An actor's body language plays a crucial (至关重要的) part in telling the audience about the character he is playing. |
拓展单词 | [词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式 1. crime n. 罪，罪行→criminal adj. 犯罪的，犯法的 n. 罪犯 2. greedy adj. 贪婪的，贪心的→greedily adv. 贪心地，贪婪地 3. commit v. 犯(错误或罪行)→commitment n. 承诺； 许诺； (对工作或某活动)献身，奉献，投入 4. optimistic adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的→optimism n. 乐观； 乐观主义→optimist n. 乐观的人； 乐天派 5. consume v. 消耗，耗费(燃料、能量、时间等)→consumer n. 消费者； 顾客； 用户→consumption n. (精力、油、电等的)消耗量 6. react v. (作出)反应→reaction n. 反应； 回应→reactive adj. 反应的； 有反应的 7. expose v. 使暴露(于险境)→exposure n. 暴露，显露 |
拓展单词 | [语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Most people would rather that criminal was sentenced to death because of his crime．(crime) 2. The optimist is usually optimistic about everything.(optimistic) 3. I wanted to know how the students reacted to my words as well as your reaction．(react) 4. Don't expose yourself to the sunlight, as the exposure will do harm to your skin.(expose) 5. She has made a commitment that she would be committed to practising the violin.(commit) |
阅读单词 | 【教师用书独具】 1. chacma baboon n. 南非大狒，大狒狒 2. predator n. 掠食动物，捕食性动物 3. flourish v. 生长茂盛，兴盛 4. racoon n. 浣熊 5. lamb n. 羔羊肉 6. kebab n. 烤(肉)串 7. garlic n. (大)蒜 8. migratory adj. 迁徙的 9. hiker n. 徒步旅行者，远足者 10. kit n. 成套工具 11. clay n. 黏土 12. supplement v. 补充，增补，增加 13. eliminate v. 消除，根除 14. blaze n. 烈火，大火 15. terrifying adj. 极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 16. Mars n. 火星 17. hostile adj. (生长环境)恶劣的 18. unmanned adj. 无人驾驶(操纵)的 19. stunning adj. 极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 20. agency n. 机构；(尤指政府内的)局，部，处 |
熟词生义 | 1. (江苏卷)But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was committed to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.使承担义务，保证 2. (2019·北京卷)For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely necessary for them to be able to complete their college education.感谢 |
高频短语 | 短语应用 |
1. have no choice but to do sth. 别无选择，只能做某事 2. figure out想出；弄清 3. get rid of摆脱，除去 4. for sure确定；肯定 5. cope with应付 6. bring... under control使……处于控制之下 7. be responsible for对……负责 8. fit in with 适应，与……一致 9. adapt to适应 10. wipe out彻底毁灭 11. consist of由……构成，由……组成 12. in the meantime在此期间，与此同时 | [语境运用1]填入一个适当的词 1. As long as you fit in with the new surroundings, you'll learn something new. 2. We'll wipe out the invaders whether they come from the land, the sea, or the air. 3. My breakfast usually consists of dry bread and a glass of milk. 4. His son got the first prize. In the meantime, he broke the record, which made him feel proud. 5. Who's responsible for the terrible mess? [语境运用2]填入一个适当的词 No one knows 1. for sure what will happen in the future. I want to figure 2. out how we can cope 3. with the problems if natural resources run out. We have no choice 4. but to protect the environment right now. And we should try to get rid 5. of bad habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future. |
教材原句背诵 | 句式仿写应用 |
1. 疑问词ever引导让步状语从句 However they adapt to our ways of urban living, it's important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours. | 在我看来，无论你选择在哪里生活，你都应该努力融入到当地人的生活中去。 As far as I'm concerned, wherever you choose to live, you should try to fit in with the local people. |
2. “only＋状语”放在句首引起部分倒装 Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats. | 只有用这种方法我们才能过和谐的学校生活。 Only in this way can we lead a harmonious school life. |
3. There is no doubt that... 句型 There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars, with dreams of making it our second home. | 毋庸置疑，全球变暖对我们所有人的安全都是一个威胁。 There is no doubt that global warming is a security threat to us all. |
1. commit v. 犯(错误或罪行)；承诺，保证；致力于，投入
(1)commit oneself to (doing) sth. 承诺、致力于(做)某事(to为介词，后面接名词或动名词)
(2)commitment n. 承诺，许诺；投入
[词块]
commit suicide slowly 慢性自杀
a committed member of the team 忠于职守的队员
commit an hour to reading the newspapers every morning每天早上抽出一小时读报
——单句语法填空
①They were reluctant to commit themselves to giving(give) an opinion.
②The company's commitment (commit) to providing quality products at a reasonable price has been vital to its success.
——完成句子
③He loved playing this instrument, and was committed to practising it.
他喜欢演奏这种乐器并坚持练习。
2. appreciate v. 欣赏；赏识；感激
(1)appreciate (one's) doing sth. 欣赏/感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if... 如果……，我将不胜感激。
(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
appreciate后面接从句时，要先接it再跟从句，其中的it指代后面从句的内容，相当于形式宾语。类似用法的还有love, hate, like, prefer, dislike等。
[词块]
appreciate the beautiful scenery 欣赏美丽的景色
appreciate being given the opportunity to study abroad 感激被给予出国留学的机会
convey my sincere appreciation to you for your assistance 衷心表达对您帮助的感激之情
——单句语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)I would extremely appreciate it if I have a chance to receive your approval.
②I'd appreciate your writing (write) me back as soon as possible.
③Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase.
——词汇升级/句式升级
(普通表达)I would thank you for coming to attend my wedding ceremony.
④(高级表达)I would be thankful/grateful to you for coming to attend my wedding ceremony.(形容词)
⑤(高级表达)I would appreciate it if you could come to attend my wedding ceremony.(it作形式宾语)
3. react v. (作出)反应
(1)react to 对……作出反应
react with 与……起(化学)反应
react against 反对，反抗，反叛
react on/upon 对……有影响
(2)reaction n. 反应
in reaction to 对……的反应
[词块]
react angrily to the news of more job losses 对裁员的消息感到气愤
react on living expenses 对生活花费造成影响
a natural reaction to such bad news 对这种坏消息的正常反应
——单句语法填空
①(2019·浙江卷)They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music.
②Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.
③He was surprised that his answer should have caused such a strong reaction (react)．
——一句多译
读一些正能量的文章会对你的思想产生积极的影响。
④Reading some positive articles can react on your thoughts positively．(react)
⑤Reading some positive articles can have a positive effect on your thoughts．(effect)
⑥Reading some positive articles can have a positive influence on your thoughts．(influence n．)
4. expose v. 使暴露(于险境)；揭露；使曝光；使面临
expose... to... 使……显露/暴露于/接触到……
(be) exposed to... 暴露于……；处于……危险中
[词块]
expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible
让孩子们尽量多地接受艺术和文化的熏陶
——单句语法填空
①I am repeatedly exposed to the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas.
②There are more than 740 million Chinese exposed (expose) to secondhand smoking in public places now.
③Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when exposed (expose) to sunlight.
④Some people think we shouldn't expose the children to computer games.
——句式升级
(普通表达)If you expose yourself to sunlight for too long, you will get your skin harmed.
⑤(高级表达) Exposing yourself to sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin. (动名词短语作主语)
5. consist of 由……构成，由……组成
(1)consist of/be made up of/be composed of由……组成
consist in/lie in 在于……；存在于……
(2)consistent adj. 一致的；连续的
be consistent in... 在……上一致
be consistent with... 与……一致
(3)consistency n. 一致性
consist of 为及物动词短语，但是没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。
——单句语法填空
①(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent (consist) basis.
②(2018·天津卷)Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting (consist) of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers.
③Life consists (consist) of not only sunshine but also hard times.
④Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.
——一句多译
由5家小工厂组成的这家公司正面临着严重的财政危机。
⑤The company that/which consists of/is made up of 5 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.(定语从句)
⑥The company consisting of 5 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.(现在分词短语作定语)
⑦The company made up of 5 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.(过去分词短语作定语)
6. 疑问词ever引导让步状语从句
(教材原文)However they adapt to our ways of urban living, it's important that we get a better understanding of and even learn to appreciate our wild neighbours.
不管它们如何适应我们的城市生活方式，重要的是我们要更好地了解甚至学会欣赏我们的野生邻居。
(1)however, whenever, wherever引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter how/when/where，意为“无论如何/何时/何地”。
(2)whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what/which/who/whom。
“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。
[金句]Whatever she says will not make any difference to our arrangements.
无论她说什么都不会对我们的安排有影响。
——单句语法填空
①Whatever you do, if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out.
②Whichever road you take, it will lead you to the station.
③(北京卷)Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
④(北京卷)Some people believe whatever has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.
——一句多译
不减少进食，无论你怎么努力，要减肥是困难的。
⑤However hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.(however)
⑥No matter how hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.(no matter how)
7. “only＋状语”放在句首引起部分倒装
(教材原文)Only then can we look towards harmoniously sharing our urban habitats.
只有那时，我们才能期待和谐地共享我们的城市栖息地。
常见用法：
(1)“only＋状语(通常是副词、介词短语或从句等)”位于句首时，其后的句子要用部分倒装。
(2)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。
(3)only 放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。
[金句](2018·浙江卷)Only when I won the first prize in the spoken English contest did I realise it was important to have a good command of spoken English.
当在英语口语比赛中获得一等奖时，我才意识到精通英语口语的重要性。
——单句语法填空
①Only then did I realise that it was foolish of me to break away from all of my friends and never contact them.
——句式升级
(普通表达)You can do the job well only with all your time and energy.
②(高级表达)Only with all your time and energy can you do the job well.(倒装句)
③(高级表达)It is only with all your time and energy that you can do the job well.(强调句)
用所给词的正确形式填空
1. He committed (commit) suicide rather than give in to the enemy.
2. Children, when exposed (expose) to an Englishspeaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily.
3. A team, consisting (consist) of two doctors and three policemen, was sent to search for the lost explorers.
4. I have no idea what my parents' reaction (react) will be to my poor examination result.
5. His assistance in the project was appreciated (appreciate) greatly by everyone present.
在空白处填入一个适当的词
6. Whatever decision he made I would support it.
7. Only when I had another failure in my jobseeking did I realise knowledge is valuable.
8. I'd appreciate it if you could give me the opportunity.
9. How many countries does the UK consist of?
10. The report said that workers had been exposed to high levels of radiation.
查缺补漏
11. It is generally assumed (assume) that stress is caused by too much work.
12. Eager to tell about their adventure, the hikers (hike) returned as soon as possible.
13. No matter how complicated the situation was, he could cope with it successfully.
14. On hearing her father was diagnosed with cancer, she burst into tears.
15. To be honest, it is human beings that should be responsible for global warming.
【教师用书独具】
单元话题语篇练
Humans share earth with many different kinds of wildlife. However, many of our animal friends may not be around for much 1. longer (long)．
According to the Living Planet Report released by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) in October, the populations of animals 2. have fallen (fall) by an average of 60 percent since 1970. And one of the biggest causes of wildlife losses 3. is (be) human activity. Three quarters of the world's land is 4. largely (large) affected by human activity. Many natural habitats have been destroyed to create farmland.
“The astonishing decline 5. in/of wildlife population is a reminder and perhaps the ultimate sign of the pressure we put on the planet，” Marco Lambertini, the general 6. director (direct) of the WWF, wrote in the report.
WWF has called on world governments and businesses 7. to strike (strike) a deal to protect people and nature. To protect 8. endangered (endanger) animals, measures have been taken in China and progress has been made, 9. but/yet more efforts are still needed to protect wildlife in China and around the world. “We are the first generation to know we are destroying our planet and the last one 10. that/who can do anything about it，” WWF UK Chief Executive Tanya Steele told CNN.
单元话题写作练
1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)
①人类活动影响了动物的栖息地，大大降低了野生动物的数量。
Human activities affect the habitats of animals and decreased the number of them greatly.
②很多野生动物很难适应现在的环境。
Many wild animals find it difficult to adapt to their present environment.
③政府已经关注这种状况，并采取了一系列措施来处理这个问题。
Our government has paid attention to the situation and has taken a series of measures to cope with the problem．
④一系列的法律已经付诸实施，根据新的法律，任何人都不能牵扯到动物犯罪。
A series of laws has come into effect, and according to the new laws, no one is allowed to commit crime related to animals.
⑤我们会成功地摆脱这件事对我们的困扰。
We will succeed in getting rid of the problem that's bothering us.
⑥人类肯定可以与动物和平共处。
Human beings can live in peace with animals for sure．
2. 升级平淡句
(1)用分词作状语改写句①
Human activities affect the habitats of animals, decreasing the number of them greatly.
(2)用结果状语从句合并句⑤⑥
We will succeed in getting rid of the problem that's bothering us so that human beings can live in peace with animals for sure.
3. 衔接成美文
Human activities affect the habitats of animals, decreasing the number of them greatly. As a result, many wild animals find it difficult to adapt to their present environment. Fortunately, our government has paid attention to the situation and has taken a series of measures to cope with the problem. A series of laws has come into effect, and according to the new laws, no one is allowed to commit crime related to animals. We will succeed in getting rid of the problem that's bothering us so that human beings can live in peace with animals for sure.
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