湖南省湘西三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-04阅读回答问题&阅读填表&语篇翻译

湖南省湘西三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编

04阅读回答问题&阅读填表&语篇翻译

一、阅读回答问题

（2022·湖南湘西）阅读短文，根据短文内容简要回答下列问题。

China throws（扔）away enough food to feed about 5, 000, 000 people every year. President Xi calls on Chinese people to stop wasting their food and try to change the bad habit. It’s called Operation Empty Plate（光盘行动）.

“We’re going to prepare plates of two different sizes for people. That way, they can choose the one they need.” A restaurant owner said.

Some eaters are known as “big eaters”. Today it is not easy for you to find them. When you search for “big eaters” online, you can watch a short video. The video tells people not to waste food.

Now, schools around the country are also teaching children to treasure（珍惜）food from a young age in different ways. Students need to return his empty plate at a school in Shanghai. The school starts the “Clear Your Plate” program to stop food waste.

A teacher tells stories about saving food before having meals at school in Xiangxi. The school hopes that children know it’s important to treasure food.

1．How many people can be fed by the food China throws away every year?

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2．Who calls on Chinese people to stop wasting their food and try to change the bad habit?

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3．Why is the restaurant owner going to prepare plates of two different sizes for people?

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4．Is it easy for you to find “big eaters” today?

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5．What does the school in Xiangxi hope?

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（2021·湖南湘西）阅读简答

阅读短文,根据短文内容简要回答下列问题。

Yuan Longping, the Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻之父), was born in 1930. He became a teacher in Hunan province after graduation.

He came up with an idea for hybridizing rice in the 1960s when China was caught by many natural disasters(灾难). To help China get out of the troubles, he did the research on better rice. Because of his effort, China can provide more rice for its people. The hybrid rice also has great meaning to other countries.

He was not only careful about science study, but also good at English and violin. He was interested in everything around him, so he was full of energy and always looked like a young man.

Although he was rich and famous, he never paid more attention to money. The true richness lies in a person’s heart, not the appearance. Also, the best things in life are free.

“We can learn a lot from Yuan Longping’s scientific spirit and his life attitude(态度).”

Wang Ping said. “Though we have enough food to eat, we should eat up the things we buy and stop food waste.” Zhang Hua promised.

6．When was Yuan Longping born?

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7．Why did he research hybrid rice?

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8．What was he good at?

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9．Was money important for him?

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10．What can we learn from him?

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（2020·湖南湘西）

Simon, a 28-year-old German student, rode 5,800 kilometers in China for his trip blog (博客). He wanted to learn about the Chinese Dream.

“What's your Chinese Dream?” This is the question he asked every stranger he met on his 100-day trip.

Simon came to China for the first time in 2011. After a year in China, he was able to speak Chinese. Because of his interest in Chinese culture, he went to Zhejiang University in 2017.

Simon learned “Chinese Dream” in 2013, and now it has become one of the hottest words in China. To learn the true meaning of it among Chinese people, he started his trip in May 2018.

Simon believes that riding across China is natural. And it is also environmentally friendly (环保的). During his trip, he found that people in the cities usually follow their hearts. What's more, older generation (一代) of Chinese cares more about social stability (社会的稳定) but the young generation cares more about education and environment.

“People look for their ways to make their dreams come true. They all believe that a strong country is the most important.” Simon said.

11．Where did Simon ride for his trip blog?

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12．How long did it take him to ride across China?

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13．What does Simon think of his riding across China?

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14．What do young people in China think more about according to Simon?

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15．Do Chinese think it's important to make their country strong?

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二、阅读填表

（2022·湖南湘西）根据短文内容，完成表格中所缺的信息，每空不超过3个单词。

Parents always want the best for their kids. But everyone has their own way of parenting（养育）. Here are some popular parenting styles. Which one do you like best?

Tiger parents（虎爸虎妈）.They are strict with their children. They want them to get the best grades in their class. They love their kids in their hearts.

Dolphin parents（海豚式父母）. They just want their kids to be happy and healthy. They make sure their kids get enough sleep and exercise.

Helicopter parents（直升机式父母）. They worry too much about their children and “fly” over them like helicopters. Many people think these parents should give their children more freedom（自由） .

Lawnmower parents（割草机式父母）. Like a lawnmower that cuts glass, they get rid of （去除）all difficulties for their children.Their kids never learn to work out problems on their own.

（2021·湖南湘西）根据短文内容,完成表格中所缺的信息,每空不超过3个单词。

Hobbies are for everyone at any age. If you are looking for a new hobby, but you’re not sure what it is, please read the passage.

Try new things.

You should try new things to find a new hobby. Before you try a new thing, you might think, “I don’t like that.” Why not give it a chance if you’ve never done it?

Learn new things.

You’re never too young or too old to learn more in life. It is a good idea to write down 3 new things every week. Don’t worry if you know little about them. You can read more about these things and you might not just learn something, but develop a real interest.

Collect things.

There are many things to collect, such as coins, cards and tickets. For example, if you are a football fan, you can collect football cards.

Communicate with others.

You often meet new people and don’t mind making friends with them. You can learn from them and find new hobbies. When you share the same hobby with your friends, you will find it really interesting.

（2020·湖南湘西）In the year of 2020, the coronavirus（新冠病毒）out broke（爆发）all over the world. A lot of people suffered from（遭受……折磨）a fever or a cough. Don't be afraid. Here is some advice to help you protect yourself.

Wash your hands. You need to wash your hands with soap and water before you eat, after you use the toilet, and after you touch animals, because your hands may carry viruses (病毒). Cover your nose and mouth. When someone sneezes（打喷嚏）or coughs，the viruses can travel as far as one meter through the air，so you'd better stand a proper distance while talking to someone who has a cold. And always cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough，and then clean your hands. Wear a mask(口罩). Some doctors say that masks can stop the virus as much as 80%, but if you don't wash your hands often, it's no use wearing a mask. So it's necessary to wear the mask in the groups of people.

Do sports often. Exercises will help make your body strong enough to resist（抵抗）the virus.

三、语篇翻译

（2022·湖南湘西）阅读下面的短文，将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。

Many people like flying kites.Long ago, the first kites were made by people in China. Then people around the world began flying kites. 1. 如今，人们在春季放风筝是一件极其普遍的事情。

One tale（传说）is that a man’s hat got lifted off by wind suddenly. 2. He had fun running after it, so he did it again! His hat became the first kite. Other tales say that people liked watching leaves on windy days. They tied leaves to strings（线）and watched them fly.

3. 在中国一般用纸和竹子制风筝。Kites can be painted with colors. A kite might be shaped like a dragon, a fish, or a box. Kites can send messages in the sky. 4. A kite may mean a new baby or a new couple. A kite can be used to wish you luck. The Japanese who make kites with lucky signs fly kites at the New Year.

Many countries set up days to fly kites. In Italy, they make whale kites（鲸鱼形状的风筝） with white eyes on black cloth. 5. China has a Kite Day Festival on September ninth.

31．_________________________________________

32．_________________________________________

33．_________________________________________

34．_________________________________________

35．_________________________________________

（2021·湖南湘西）双向翻译阅读下面的短文,将文中划线部分译成汉语或英语。

I did something special on my vacation. I went to the Hangzhou National Tea Museum. It’s near a lake. 1.它是令人放松的地方。The tea art performances are wonderful. They show how to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets. 2. Drinking tea is enjoyable. As you know, 3. China is famous for tea. Tea is produced in many different areas in China.4. Tea is sent to many different countries. It’s good for both health and business. Many people drink Chinese tea. 5.茶是中国文化的一部分。In China, tea has a very long history, and Hangzhou is widely known for its tea.

36．________________

37．________________

38．________________

39．________________

40．________________

（2020·湖南湘西）Dear Zhang Hua,

Do you know that there are two special days for parents in America? One is Mother's Day on the second Sunday of May, and (71)另一个是六月第三个星期天的父亲节。On these two days, (72) American children often give gifts to their parents or take them out for dinner. Common gifs are flowers and cards for mothers and shirts or ties for fathers. (73)I heard that it is becoming more and more popular to celebrate Mother's Day and Father's Day in China. I wonder if children over there also give similar gifts to their parents. (74)我相信有很多方法来表达我们的爱心。Actually, we don't have to spend a lot of money. (75) It is also a good idea to help parents to do something instead.

June

41．____________________________________________________________

42．____________________________________________________________

43．____________________________________________________________

44．____________________________________________________________

45．____________________________________________________________

参考答案：

1．About 5, 000, 000 people.    

2．President Xi.    

3．That way, they can choose the one they need.    

4．No.

5．The school hopes that children know it’s important to treasure food.

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了习主席呼吁中国人民停止浪费食物, 努力改变这种坏习惯并且提倡光盘行动。

1．根据“China throws（扔）away enough food to feed about 5, 000, 000 people every year.”可知中国每年扔掉足够养活五百万人的食物。故填About 5, 000, 000 people.

2．根据“President Xi calls on Chinese people to stop wasting their food and try to change the bad habit.”可知习主席号召中国人停止浪费食物，努力改掉这个坏习惯。故填President Xi.

3．根据“That way, they can choose the one they need.”可知餐馆老板打算给客人们提供两种大小不同的盘子是为了人们可以选择需要的那一个。故填That way, they can choose the one they need.

4．根据“Some eaters are known as “big eaters”. Today it is not easy for you to find them.”可知有些人因“大胃王”而出名，现在要找到他们没那么容易了，因此答案是否定的。故填No.

5．根据“The school hopes that children know it’s important to treasure food.”可知湘西的学校希望孩子们知道珍惜食物的重要性。故填The school hopes that children know it’s important to treasure food.

6．In 1930.    

7．In order to help China get out of the troubles.    

8．English and violin.

9．No, it wasn’t./No.    

10．The true richness lies in a person’s heart, not the appearance.

【分析】文章介绍了杂交水稻之父——袁隆平，以及他对后人的影响等。

6．根据“Yuan Longping, the Father of Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻之父), was born in 1930.”可知，袁隆平，杂交水稻之父，1930年出生，故填In 1930。

7．根据“He came up with an idea for hybridizing rice in the 1960s when China was caught by many natural disasters(灾难). To help China get out of the troubles, he did the research on better rice.”可知，为了帮助中国摆脱困境，他开始研究杂交水稻，故填In order to help China get out of the  troubles。

8．根据“He was not only careful about science study, but also good at English and violin.”可知，他擅长英语和小提琴。故填English and violin。

9．根据“he never paid more attention to money”可知，他对钱从来就不那么在意，故填No, it wasn’t./No。

10．根据“Although he was rich and famous, he never paid more attention to money. The true richness lies in a person’s heart, not the appearance. Also, the best things in life are free.”以及文章的理解可知，我们可以从他身上学到一个人最富有的是内心而不是外表，故填The true richness lies in  a person’s heart, not the appearance.

11．In China.    

12．100 days.    

13．Natural and environmentally friendly.    

14．Education and environment.    

15．Yes, they do.

【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲德国学生Simon想要了解“中国梦”，在中国骑行5,800千米去学习“中国梦”的真正含义。

11．根据第1段中“Simon, a 28-year-old German student, rode 5,800 kilometers in China for his trip blog. ”可知Simon是在中国骑行。故答案为：In China.

12．根据第2段中“This is the question he asked every stranger he met on his 100-day trip.”可知Simon花费了100天骑行横穿中国。故答案为：100 days.

13．根据第5段中“Simon believes that riding across China is natural. And it is also environmentally friendly.”可知Simon认为自己骑车横穿中国是自然的、不损害环境的。故答案为：Natural and environmentally friendly.

14．根据第5段中“... but the young generation cares more about education and environment.”可知中国的年轻一代更关心教育和环境。故答案为：Education and environment.

15．根据最后一段中“They all believe that a strong country is the most important.”可知中国人认为国家强盛很重要，用肯定回答。故答案为：Yes, they do.

16．Different    

17．Be strict with    

18．Dolphin parents    

19．more freedom    

20．Never

【导语】本文主要介绍了四种采取不同养育孩子方式的父母类型。

16．根据“Here are some popular parenting styles.（这儿有一些流行的父母管教方式。）”可知，是介绍不同种类的父母，用形容词different修饰父母，题目要大写。故填Different。

17．根据“They are strict with their children（他们对他们的孩子严格。）”可知，此句表达的是：对他们的孩子严格，又因为下面两点用的是祈使句结构，所以此处用动词原形开头，且首字母大写。故填Be strict with。

18．根据文章2—5段按段介绍了四种不同种类的父母，第二种是 Dolphin parents （海豚式父母）。故填Dolphin parents。

19．根据“Many people think these parents should give their children more freedom （许多人觉得这些父母应该给他们的孩子更多的自由）”可知，此句表达的是应该给他们的孩子更多的自由，故填more freedom。

20．根据“Their kids never learn to work out problems on their own.（他们的孩子从来学不会独立解决问题。）”可知，这类父母从来不让他们的孩子学会独立解决问题，never“从不”，首字母大写。故填Never。

21．Hobbies    

22．give    

23．Learn new things.    

24．football cards    

25．making friends

【分析】文章介绍了寻找新的兴趣爱好的一些方法。

21．根据“Hobbies are for everyone at any age.”可知，爱好适合任何年龄的人，故填Hobbies。

22．根据“You should try new things to find a new hobby. Before you try a new thing, you might think, “I don’t like that.” Why not give it a chance if you’ve never done it?”可知，如果你从未做过这件事情，应该给它一个机会，情态动词should后加动词原形。故填give。

23．根据“You’re never too young or too old to learn more in life. It is a good idea to write down 3 new things every week.”可知，对应的标题是Learn new things，首字母大写。故填Learn new things。

24．根据“if you are a football fan, you can collect football cards.”可知，如果你是一个足球迷，你可以收集足球卡，故填football cards。

25．根据“You often meet new people and don’t mind making friends with them.”可知，遇到新朋友时，不要介意和他们交朋友，mind doing sth.介意做某事。故填making friends。

26．Before    

27．touch animals    

28．paper    

29．Wear a mask    

30．strong

【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章就疫情期间如何保护自己提出几点建议。

26．句意：在饭前。

根据第二段“Wash your hands. You need to wash your hands with soap and water before you eat, after you use the toilet, and after you touch animals”可知在饭前、上厕所后以及触摸动物之后要洗手。此处总结的是时间状语，此处用before you eat,首字母b大写。故答案为Before。

27．句意：触摸动物后。

根据第二段“Wash your hands. You need to wash your hands with soap and water before you eat, after you use the toilet, and after you touch animals”可知在饭前、上厕所后以及触摸动物之后要洗手。此处填“touch animals”。故答案为touch animals。

28．句意：当你咳嗽和打喷嚏的时候，总是用一张纸遮住你的鼻子和嘴。

根据“And always cover your mouth and nose with a piece of paper when you sneeze or cough”当你咳嗽和打喷嚏的时候，用一张纸遮住你的鼻子和嘴。此处填名词paper。故答案为paper。

29．句意：戴口罩。

根据“Wear a mask. Some doctors say that masks can stop the virus as much as 80%, but if you don't wash your hands often, it's no use wearing a mask. So it's necessary to wear the mask in the groups of people”可知此处总结的是戴口罩的建议，用动词短语wear a mask.首字母w大写。故答案为Wear a mask。

30．句意：锻炼会帮助使你的身体足够强壮抵抗病毒。

根据最后一段“Do sports often. Exercises will help make your body strong enough to resist the virus”经常做运动会让你的身体足够强壮抵抗病毒。此处用形容词strong。故答案为strong。

31．Nowadays, it is very common for people to fly kites in spring.    

32．他在后面跑得很开心，所以他又这样做了一次！    

33．Kites are usually made of paper and bamboo in China.    

34．风筝可能意味着一个新生儿或一对新人。    

35．中国在九月九日有风筝节。

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了风筝的由来以及用途。

31．如今：nowadays；人们：people；在春季放风筝：fly kites in spring；极其容易：very common。结合语境，可知句子应用一般现在时，句式可用It’s+形容词+for sb to do sth表示“某人做某事是怎么样的”。nowadays位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Nowadays, it is very common for people to fly kites in spring.

32．He：他；had fun running after it：在它后面跑得很开心；so：所以；he：他；did it again：又这样做了一次。故填：他在后面跑得很开心，所以他又这样做了一次！

33．在中国：in China；一般用……制：be usually made of；纸和竹子：paper and bamboo。该句主语为kites，句首大写，be动词应用are；故填Kites are usually made of paper and bamboo in China.

34．A kite：风筝；may：可能；mean：意味着；a new baby：一个新生儿；or：或；a new couple：一对新人。故填：风筝可能意味着一个新生儿或一对新人。

35．China：中国；has：有；a Kite Day Festival：一个风筝节；on September ninth：在九月九日。故填：中国在九月九日有风筝节。

36．It’s a relaxing place.    

37．喝茶是令人愉快的。    

38．中国以茶而闻名。    

39．茶叶被送往许多不同的国家。    

40．Tea is a part of Chinese culture.

【分析】文章介绍了作者假期去杭州国家茶叶博物馆的经历，并介绍了茶的有关文化。

36．它it，作主语；是is；令人放松的地方relaxing place，单数名词前用不定冠词a修饰，故填It’s a relaxing place.

37．Drinking tea喝茶，动名词短语作主语；is是，系动词；enjoyable令人愉快的，形容词作表语，故填：喝茶是令人愉快的。

38．China中国，专有名词作主语；is famous for以……而著名；tea茶；故填：中国以茶而闻名。

39．Tea茶，名词作主语；is sent to被送到，是一般现在时的被动；many许多；different不同的，形容词修饰其后的名词；countries国家；故填：茶叶被送往许多不同的国家。

40．茶tea，名词作主语；是is；中国文化的一部分a part of Chinese culture，此处用的是of所有格的形式；故填Tea is a part of Chinese culture.

41．the other is Father’s Day on the third Sunday of June.    

42．美国的孩子们经常给父母送礼物或带他们出去吃晚餐。    

43．我听说在中国，庆祝父亲节和母亲节变得越来越流行。    

44．I believe there are many ways to show our love.    

45．帮助父母做一些事情来代替也是一个好主意。

【分析】这是一封书信，文章主要介绍美国的小孩在父亲节和母亲节给父亲和母亲送礼物或者带他们出去吃饭。在中国现在也变得流行。写信人认为有很多方式来表达对父母的爱，没有必要花很多钱，也可以帮父母亲做一些事来代替。

41．划线的句子“另一个是六月第三个星期天的父亲节”是陈述句。根据前文“One is”可知此处用the other is,表语是“父亲节”Father’s Day；时间状语是“六月第三个星期天”，用on the third Sunday of June。故答案为the other is Father’s Day on the third Sunday of June.

42．划线的句子“American children often give gifts to their parents or take them out for dinner”是陈述句。主语是American children美国的孩子们；often是频度副词表示“经常”；谓语动词是give表示“给”；宾语是gifts礼物；their parents表“他们的父母”。or表示“或者”，引出另一个并列的动词“take them out for dinner”表示“带父母出去吃晚餐”。故答案为美国的孩子们经常给父母送礼物或带他们出去吃晚餐。

43．划线的句子“I heard that it is becoming more and more popular to celebrate Mother's Day and Father's Day in China”是含有that引导的宾语从句。主句的主语是I我，谓语动词是heard听说。that后面的宾语从句的主语是动词不定式“to celebrate Mother's Day and Father's Day”庆祝父亲节和母亲节，it是形式主语，谓语是“becoming more and more popular”变得越来越流行。地点状语是“in China”在中国。故答案为我听说在中国，庆祝父亲节和母亲节变得越来越流行。

44．划线的句子“我相信有很多方法来表达我们的爱心”是陈述句。主语是I，谓语动词 “相信”用believe。后面是宾语从句，表示“有很多方法”用there are many ways,“来表达我们的爱心”是目的状语，用动词不定式to show our love。故答案为I believe there are many ways to show our love.

45．划线的句子“It is also a good idea to help parents to do something instead”是it做形式主语的句子，真正的主语是动词不定式“to help parents to do something”帮助父母做一些事情，表语“also a good idea”表示“也是一个好主意”。instead放在句末表示“代替”。故答案为帮助父母做一些事情来代替也是一个好主意。