湖南省永州市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-02阅读单选&阅读回答问题&阅读还原&语篇翻译

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湖南省永州市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编
02阅读单选&阅读回答问题&阅读还原&语篇翻译
一、 阅读单选
（2022·湖南永州）Food Gone to Waste
More than a billion tons of food are wasted each year, according to a new report from the United Nations. That’s 17% of the food produced in the world in a year.
Most waste happens at home, the reports say. People buy too much food. They also throw it away too soon because of the date on the package. Waste happens in restaurants and stores, too.
Experts say governments need to do more to avoid food waste and develop better habits. Richard Swannell is one of the reports authors. He hopes the government will lead people to value food more. “Food is too important to waste.” he says.
1． How much food is wasted each year?
A．More than a million tons.
B．More than a billion tons.
C．Over 17% of the food produced.
2． Where does most food waste happen?
A．In restaurants. B．At home. C．In stores.
（2022·湖南永州）Habitat for Humanity is a group that builds homes for families in need. This group works all over the world. Volunteers help build the homes. They are unpaid workers. Volunteers can be builders and painters. They can also be teachers or bankers. Some are students. Habitat for Humanity has built more than 300,000 houses.

3． When was Habitat for Humanity set up?
A．In 1976.
B．In 1996.
C．In 2007.
4． How many houses did Habitat for Humanity build in 2003?
A．100,000. B．150,000. C．300,000.
5． Whom does Habitat for Humanity build homes for?
A．Families in need. B．Unpaid workers. C．Builders and painters.
（2022·湖南永州）Parents and children often face the challenges of money. Common topics include setting pocket money, learning to save, and deciding to buy expensive things. The goal of most parents is to teach their kids how to deal with money wisely. The goal of most kids is getting money to spend. How can families achieve these goals?
The Tidier family in Denver found the best way to teach about money was to let their kids make some money. Their son, Ryan, 17, has been watering in the garden since he was 8. He owned his own tools with the help of his parents. Now he has saved $7,800. Besides, he bought a bike and a wonderful sound system. And he is going to buy a car next year.
Money skills are an important part of becoming a successful adult. David Brady manages a company toward children and young adults. “They shouldn’t be always thinking of spending money.” Brady warns. Instead, they should understand basic rules for making money, saving money, and managing money.
That knowledge is greatly needed. Over the past ten years, most Americans aged 18 to 24 borrowed nearly $3,000 on credit card(信用卡). Among high school seniors, four out of five have never taken a class about money.
Giselle Lopez, 17, of New York City, learned the hard way. She owed(欠) $2,000 on her first credit card. Her parents refused to pay, so Giselle got a job. Then she paid the money off slowly by herself. “Now every time I use money, I know that it comes from my own pocket,” Giselle says. “That gives me a sense of responsibility for my actions.” Different kids will have different styles when it comes to money. Teaching them how to use money doesn’t have to mean setting strict rules. When children like Ryan and Giselle have their own money to consider, they can learn to set those rules themselves.
6． What is the goal of most parents about money?
A．To set kids’pocket money.
B．To get money to spend.
C．To teach kids how to deal with money wisely.
7． What is the best way to teach about money in The Tidier family?
A．To buy expensive things.
B．To give kids some money.
C．To let kids make some money.
8． What did Ryan buy with his own money?
A．A car. B．A bike. C．Watering tools
9． How much money did Giselle owe on her first credit card?
A．$2,000. B．$3,000 C．$7,800.
10． How did Giselle pay the money of she owed?
A．By credit card. B．By her parents. C．By herself.
（2022·湖南永州）On August 30, 2021, the Chinese government announced that kids would not be allowed to play online games Mondays to Thursdays. On weekends and holidays, kids would be limited(限制) to an hour a day of online gaming. “Recently, many parents have reported that playing games crazily among some youths and children is seriously harming their normal study, life and health.” the Chinese government said online. This news got us thinking. Should the government be responsible for limiting how much time kids spend online? Here are some students’opinions.
Esme McNeely, 11
The government should not set screen-time limits. That decision should be up to parents. Some children need to use screens for homework. And during the COVID-19, one of the only ways to talk to friends was online. Government limits would not be fair to people who are careful with their screen time.
Lucas Barone, 11
The government should not limit screen time. A 2021 study from the University of Colorado Boulder says screen time might be less harmful to kids than people think. Some parents worry that children online too much won’t make friends. But the study reports that screen time can actually improve kids’friendships. In fact, screen time can be educational. I use websites to read and to learn math.
Xiuhan Zhu, 9
I think the government should take action and limit screen time for kids. Too much screen time can lead to tiredness and less social time. People who use smartphones are more likely to get into car accidents. Electrical products like computers can also be harmful for kids. If kids aren’t careful with the websites they use, criminals can get important information.
Ning Li, 10
Most people spend too much time on their phones and TVs. They hurt their eyes and waste their time. And watching a lot of TV or playing games can influence kids’ learning and social skills. If the government limited screen time, people would be encouraged to spend more time with their family. They might join a sports team in their neighborhood.
11． When are kids allowed to play online games for an hour a day?
A．On Mondays. B．On Wednesday. C．On weekends.
12． Who is against screen-time limits?
A．Esme McNeely. B．Xiuhan Zhu. C．Ning Li.
13． What does the study from he University of Colorado Boulder show?
A．Screen time might do no harm to kids.
B．Screen time can improve kids’ friendships.
C．Screen time won’t help kids make friends.
14． What are Ning Li’s opinions about screen-time limits?
A．Too much screen time can lead to tiredness.
B．Criminals can get important information easily.
C．People are encouraged to spend more time with their family.
15． What is the article mainly about?
A．Screen time can be educational.
B．Screen time can lead to less social time.
C．Whether the government should set screen-time limits.
（2022·湖南永州）Smart, Social Animals
Recently, researchers have found that dolphins know their own names much like people. Dolphins talk to one another with whistles(口哨) and calls. Scientists have known that the animals also use unusual whistles to name each other. They had thought that dolphins only heard each other’s voices. However, the scientists didn’t know that dolphins listen for their names too.
To test this idea, the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls. The scientists then copied each dolphin’s voice. When the changed recordings were played, the dolphins replied strongly to the names of their relatives and group members. They paid no attention to the names of dolphins they did not know.
Dolphins live in large groups that grow and change. Each dolphin’s unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member, or call for help. Understanding their calls requires learning. It’s a skill that’s seen in very few animals, which include humans, elephants and bats.
Elephants, for example, communicate with sound. Their sounds can be heard by other elephants miles away. Dolphins, too, communicate with each other by making sounds like this.
Elephants also communicate by moving their head, feet and trunk. In much the same way, dolphins communicate by their movements. They often touch each other to express friendship.
Unlike dolphins, elephants also communicate by their great sense of smell. They can recognize other elephants by the smells they have.
Why do dolphins and elephants share the gift of communication? Scientists think it may be because they are social and smart animals. Both have strong family relationship. Now, whether they also have nicknames is another question!
16． What have researchers found about dolphins recently?
A．Dolphins know their own names.
B．Dolphins only hear each other’s voices.
C．Dolphins talk to one another not much like people.
17． Just before the researchers recorded dolphins’name calls, they ________.
A．copied dolphins’ voice
B．caught 14 dolphins
C．trained the dolphins to whistle
18． When a dolphin gets into trouble, what will it do?
A．It will call for help.
B．It will turn its head.
C．It will touch another dolphin.
19． What are the differences between dolphins and elephants in communication?
A．Elephants can communicate by smell.
B．Elephants can communicate by sound.
C．Dolphins can communicate by movement.
20． What does the underlined word “recognize" mean in Chinese?
A．驱逐 B．认出 C．触碰
（2021·湖南永州）China’s unbelievable high-speed rail network

At the beginning of the 21st century China had no high-speed railways. Slow, crowded and often uncomfortable trains ran across this vast country, with low average speeds making journeys such as Shanghai-Beijing a test of travel.
Today, it’s a completely different picture. With 37,900 kilometers of lines, linking all of its major big cities. China has the world’s largest work of high-speed railways. Half of that total has been completed in the last five years alone, with a further 3,700 kilometers due to open in the coming months of 2021. The network is expected to double in length again, to 70,000 kilometers, by 2035.
21． How were the trains in China at the beginning of the 21st century?
A．Fast. B．Comfortable. C．Crowded.
22． How many kilometers of lines are due to open in the coming months of 2021?
A．3,700. B．37,900. C．70,000.
（2021·湖南永州）
23． 41.0% of kids aged ________ use the Internet.
A．5—9 B．10—13 C．14—17
24． What percentage of kids gets news or information online?
A．89%. B．76%. C．38%.
25． What do 43% of kids usually do on the Internet?
A．Play games. B．Buy books. C．Send or receive instant messages.
（2021·湖南永州）
Can a green machine help the world’s poorest kids learn better? Nicholas Negroponte thinks so. He and his team of scientists have invented a new type of computer. As a result, many children who live in poverty (贫穷) will have their own laptop computers!
Negroponte works at a university. He started a group called One Laptop Per Child (OLPC). The people at OLPC don’t work for money. They work to help children learn. OLPC makes computers that don’t cost a lot. Then they sell the machines to governments of countries that have many people live in poverty. The governments then give the computes to kids for free.
The XO Laptop computers are made for school-aged children in developing nations. Many of these children live in faraway areas and go to schools with classrooms. In order to work, the laptops have to be lasting and student-friendly.
The machines have many fun characters like a built-in video camera, voice recording, and games. The WiFi lets students share information on the Web and read e-books. They also can make music and chat with friends.
Another great character is that it can last for a long time. It can be hand charged and also can be recharged by connecting to a solar panel. Because of these characters the XO laptops make learning fun while helping the environment.
The computers have a colorful name—“the green machine”. Negroponte thinks they could make a difference in the lives of millions of kids. He says, “Every problem you can think of—poverty, peace, the environment—is solved with education.”
OLPC plans to give out over ten million computers in the next few years. Kids in Thailand, Nigeria, Brazil, and Argentina will get most of them. China and Egypt also want to take part in the program. After that, Negroponte hopes to sell computers to other countries with high poverty.
26． Negroponte thinks his laptop computers will help the world’s poorest kids to ________.
A．work at home B．go to school on time C．learn better
27． What can we know about the people at OLPC according to Paragraph 2?
A．They work for money.
B．They give computers to kids for free.
C．They sell computers to governments with many people living in poverty.
28． Why do XO laptops make learning fun while helping the environment?
A．Because they are lasting and student-friendly.
B．Because they are made for school-aged children.
C．Because they have a colorful name.
29． What does the underlined word “charged” mean in Chinese?
A．携带 B．充电 C．使用
30． Who will get most of the computers in the next few years?
A．Kids in Thailand. B．Kids in China. C．Kids in Egypt.
（2021·湖南永州）
Dogs might have the latest tools in the fight against cancer (癌症); their noses! Researchers at California’s Pine Street Foundation (PSF) say they have trained five dogs to smell cancer on a prison’s breath. This could be exciting news.
A dog’s sense of smell may be 10,000 to 100,000 times stronger than ours. But can dogs really smell illness? PSF researcher Michael McCulloch says yes. “We were very surprised by how exact they were,” he said. “They were telling who had cancer, and they were also saying who didn’t.”
Dogs in the Pine Street Foundation test were trained to sit when they smelled cancer. How well did they perform? Take a look at this chart to find out.
Breath Sample
Number of Times the Dogs Sat down
Number of Times the Dogs Kept Standing
Breath from lung cancer patients
564
10
Breath from healthy persons
4
708
McCulloch and his team asked four healthy people and one with cancer to blow into plastic tubes (塑料管). Special materials in the tubes kept the things of each breath. The tubes were then placed one yard apart. Finally, the dogs were allowed to smell the tubes. Each dog had been trained for three weeks to sit when it smelled cancer. Ninety-nine percent of the time, the dug sat next to the tubes blown into by patients with lung cancer. The dogs were right 88 percent of the time about breast cancer.No lab test for cancer has given more correct results than this test. The results are so amazing that many experts question the dogs’ smelling power. They wonder if there were other reasons why the dogs did so well. For example, they thought the way the dog trainers behaved could have influenced how the dogs acted. However, most experts agree that this study is important. The information could help scientists create a simple breath test for cancer in the future. Once again, humans may be getting a helping paw or nose—from their best animal friends.
31． What’s the latest tool a dog might have in the fight against cancer?
A．Tooth. B．Nose. C．Ear.
32． What happened first in the Pine Street Foundation test?
A．The dogs were trained. B．The tubes were placed one yard apart.
C．The dogs smelled the tubes.
33． What was a dog supposed to do when it smelled cancer?
A．Smell again. B．Turn around. C．Sit down.
34． Look at the chart. How many times did the dogs keep standing when they smelled the breath from healthy persons?
A．Less than 10 times. B．Almost 600 times. C．About 700 times.
35． Why do many experts question the dog’s smelling power?
A．Because no lab test for cancer has given more correct results.
B．Because the dog trainers influenced how the dogs acted.
C．Because they don’t think this study is important.
（2021·湖南永州）
What do you do with your rubbish? Throw it out? You don’t know what you’re missing! Look closely at the two figures on your left. They were made from things most people throw away. The figures were made from used bottle caps. Those two bottle-cap figures were exhibited (展示) in a museum.
Folk art is art made by common people who have not been trained as artists. Their work is often based on traditions in their culture. Fine art, on the other hand, is usually made by people who have had training in art. Works of fine art are valued for their artistic beauty. They are supposed to be looked at but not used. Works of folk art, however, are often made for everyday use.
There were more than 800 pieces of folk art from nearly 50 countries in the exhibition. All of the pieces were made from used metal, wood, cloth, and plastic. The artists come from many different cultures. Still, they all share one thing. They take objects that are normally thrown away and change them into objects that are beautiful, useful, and fun. The artists may not think of what they do as recycling, but that’s exactly what it is. Fine artists might work with expensive materials. They might use expensive tools to shape these materials into works of art. On the other hand, in poor countries rubbish might be the only material folk artists and toy makers can afford. The exhibition shows that a rich imagination is very important when there are only poor materials. Recycled art began long before people began to think about recycling. Some of the objects in the exhibition date from the 1930s.
Even if you don’t create art out of rubbish, it’s good to save our natural resources. Remember the three Rules: reduce, reuse, recycle. If you reduce waste, true things instead of throwing them out, and recycle materials such as paper, plastic, and glass, you will protect the environment.
36． Which idea belongs in the empty box?
Conclusion (结论)
                 Details

Art based on cultural traditions
Art made for everyday use
Art made with used materials

A．Folk art is made by people who are not trained artists
B．The artists come from many different cultures
C．Recycled art began long before people started recycling
37． What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A．There was more than 800 pieces of fine art.
B．Folk artists can’t shape expensive materials into works of art.
C．Poor materials also can be made into works of art.
38． What is the same thing of the pieces in the exhibition share?
A．They are all woks of fine art. B．They are all made from used materials.
C．They are all made by the trained artists.
39． What can we do to protect our environment?
A．Throw away used materials. B．Only use expensive materials.
C．Recycle materials.
40． Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Used Bottle Caps B．The Art of Recycling C．A Museum Exhibition
（2020·湖南永州）
Impressions of YongzhouYongzhou, whose neighbours are Guangdong and Guangxi, lies in the south of Hunan Province. It covers an area of 22,441 km2. There are 620 million people living here. If you want to come and take a trip. Mount Jiuyi and Liuzi Temple are two of the must-see places of interest. Don't miss the delicious food: Daozhou Grey Goose, Dong’ an Chicken, and Yongzhou Blood Duck. Welcome to Yongzhou!


41． Where is Yongzhou?
A．In the south of Hunan. B．In the south of Guangdong. C．In the south of Guangxi.
42． You can enjoy the Yongzhou food without ________.
A．Dong'an Chicken B．Daozhou Grey Goose C．Beijing Duck
（2020·湖南永州）
The proper ways to save the drowning (溺水) student.

Dos
·Shout loudly and ask adults for help. At the same time, dial 110.
·Find the objects which can float such as wood and bags filled with empty plastic bottles and throw them to him or her.
·Look for branches and bamboo poles and reach for him or her, but lower the body to make sure not to be pulled into the water.
Don’ts
·Don't jump into the water for rescue(营救).
·Don't try to save him or her hand in hand.
The time during which the drowning often happens
·After school in the afternoon.
·On weekends.
·On holidays.
·On summer vacation.
The possible causes
·Play near the water or pick up things from the water.
·Swim in a pool or river without adults.
·Swim in groups on a hot day.

43． Which of the following is Right for the drowning?
A．Try to save the drowning student hand in hand. B．Jump into the water for rescue.
C．Shout loudly and ask adults for help.
44． When does the drowning often happen?
A．On weekends or holidays. B．After school in the morning.
C．On winter vacation.
45． What's the possible cause of the drowning?
A．Picking up things in the yard. B．Swimming with adults.
C．Playing near the water.
（2020·湖南永州）
Malala was born in Pakistan on July 12, 1997. When she was young, Taliban fighters took over her hometown. Taliban is an extremist(极端主义) group that does not believe in a girl's right to education. They said girls should not be allowed to go to school. Malala thought that girls have the right to an education. In 2008, she spoke out against the Taliban. The Taliban tried to silence her.
In 2012, Taliban fighters shot Malala on her way home from school. She had to fly to England for medical treatment(治疗). She stayed in England to continue her education. She won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014, when she was 17. This makes her the youngest Nobel winner in history.
Malala started attending Oxford in 2017. At the age of 22, she graduated from Oxford University, in England. Malala posted photos of her celebration on Twitter. One showed her with her family. The other was taken after her “trashing”. Trashing is an Oxford tradition after students complete their final exams.
“Hard to express my joy and thanks right now as I completed my degree at Oxford,” she wrote. Congratulatory messages poured in from around the world. One was an American astronaut Anne McClain. “Congratulations on your graduation,” McClain said. “For so many, higher education is the start of great things. For you, great things happened before it and I can only imagine the even greater ones to follow.”
She has written books for both children and adults. She also raises money through the Malala Fund. This is nonprofit (非盈利的) group that fights for girls’ education.
46． Where was Malala born?
A．In Pakistan. B．In England. C．In America.
47． What does the underlined word “silence” mean?
A．压制 B．控诉 C．批评
48． When did Malala win the Nobel Peace Prize?
A．In 2012. B．In 2014. C．In 2017.
49． How many photos did Malala post on Twitter?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three.
50． What can we learn from the passage?
A．Russian astronaut supported Malala.
B．Malala only wrote books for children.
C．Malala raised money for girls' education.
（2020·湖南永州）Karachi, Pakistan, is one of the hottest cities on Earth. In June 2015, more than 1,000 people died there during heat wave(热浪). “It was a terrible time,” Shahzad Qureshi said. “We needed to do something about it.” After the heat wave, Qureshi took action. He started Urban(都市的) Forest. The group plants trees in cities in Pakistan.
Trees help cool the air by providing shade(阴凉) and moisture(水分) through their leaves. Trees can help lower summer temperatures in cities by 2 to 5℃. Trees also provide a place for all kinds of animals. And they create a shady place where people can relax.
Urban Forest planted about 1,300 trees in a park in Karachi. The group uses a method that helps them grow quickly. In just three years, the trees were 30 feet tall. Qureshi hopes that one day, this park will become a forest of 50,000 trees. Since 2015, Qureshi and his team have helped cool the air by planting 14 urban forests in Pakistan. Twelve are in Karachi.
In 2017, Qureshi helped plant an urban forest at Karachi Grammar School. First, he met with students there. He taught them about how trees help the environment. Then the students planted trees in the schoolyard. “They were excited about the project,” Muneeza Shaikhali says. She's a headteacher at Karachi Grammar School. “They themselves had been experiencing the high temperatures in the summer months.”
There are many birds and colorful butterflies in the school. Students go outside during science class to study the forest. “It's like a library of trees in front of the kids,” Qureshi says. “They can learn the species(物种) and insects that are around. It's a beautiful thing to see.”
51． What happened to Karachi in June 2015?
A．A wave hit this city.
B．A heat wave killed over 1,000 people.
C．Karachi became the hottest city.
52． Who started Urban Forest?
A．Munecza Shaikhali.
B．Shahzad Qureshi.
C．The students at Karachi Grammar School.
53． How did the students feel about the project?
A．Surprised. B．Terrible. C．Excited.
54． During the science class, students go outside to ________.
A．study the forest B．climb the trees C．catch birds and butterflies
55． What's the best title for the text?
A．Urban Forest B．City of Trees C．Education on Environment
（2020·湖南永州）Seventy percent of our planet is covered by one huge body of seawater-the ocean. In 2008, the United Nations recognized(确立) June 8 as World Oceans Day. It's a day to think about the important role that the oceans play in our lives, the dangers that our oceans are facing and the action we can take to protect them.
The ocean is home to the most of plants and animals on Earth. Plants in the sea provide us with 70 percent of O2 we breathe. The ocean controls our climate (气候), providing heat in winter and cool air in summer. It also provides us with food and medicine. No matter where you live on the planet, no matter how far from the sea, your life is dependent on the ocean.
The biggest problem facing the ocean at the moment is plastic pollution. Reducing single-use plastic, including plastic bags and plastic bottles, has been an important theme for World Oceans Day for a number of years.
Climate change and rising sea temperatures are also a huge problem. Rising sea temperatures have a direct influence on weather patterns and are seen as partly responsible for an increase in extreme (极端的) weather.
The day is celebrated in all kinds of ways, including special events on the beach, river clean-ups, school activities, art contests and film festivals. You can join in to remind people about the importance of our oceans and to make a difference.
56． What percent of our planet is covered with seawater?
A．30% B．40% C．70%
57． What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A．The ocean provides us with heat and cool air.
B．Our life is dependent on the ocean.
C．The ocean provides us with food and medicine
58． What is the biggest problem facing the ocean?
A．Plastic pollution. B．Reducing single-use plastic. C．Air pollution.
59． What is partly responsible for an increase of extreme weather?
A．Climate change. B．Rising sea temperatures. C．Weather patterns.
60． How do people celebrate World Oceans Day?
A．Eating out together. B．Having a meeting. C．Holding special events.
二、 阅读回答问题
（2022·湖南永州）阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
Sagarika Sriram was 10 years old when she started reading newspaper stories. One story was about sharks. They had plastic in their stomachs. Sagarika knew she needed to do something. First, she joined a group. It organized clean-up activities in Dubai. That’s her home city. “The group helps me understand what a person can do and how I can really make a difference.” she says.
Then Sagarika created Kids for a Better World. Its goal is to fight climate(气候) change. It has brought together nearly 10,000 youths. They come from all over the world. Kids for a Better World is for people aged 8 to 16. It teaches them about what they can do to deal with climate change. They can grow food or plant trees. They can collect recyclables. “This is the information which can help change our future.” Sagarika says.
Dubai is a desert big city. Growing up there has made Sagarika understand the need for action.
Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply. She believes young people can bring attention to these environmental challenges.
Sagarika is all about small actions. But she has big plans. She’d like to go to college in California. While she’s there, she’ll continue being an activist. She’ll also be running Kids for a Better World, She hopes to encourage others to fight for a greener planet.
61． How old was Sagarika Sriram when she started reading newspaper stories?
_____________________________________________________
62． Where is Sagarika Sriram’s home city?
_____________________________________________________
63． What is the goal of Kids for a Better World?
_____________________________________________________
64． What risks does Sagarika Sriram’s city face?
_____________________________________________________
65． Will Sagarka Sriram continue being an activitist when she goes to college?
_____________________________________________________
（2021·湖南永州）阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

Rice is one of the most commonly eaten basic foods around the world. Buying it and cooking it is a daily matter. Yet for many, its presence has been a matter of life and death. It is a main food because it is easy to grow, besides low cost and convenience. A poor community in the developing world may find it difficult to bring in foreign fruits or raise cattle for meat, but it can almost certainly use the land it has in order to grow plenty of rice.
This was the great achievement of Yuan Longping, who passed away on May 22 this year. A great Chinese scientist, Yuan successfully developed what is known as “hybrid rice” which can produce up a 30% higher output. Yuan Longping was born in the year 1930, a time when China was very different. It was a nation, without modern industry, depending on the rice which they grew. The first few decades (十年) of his life were met with major social events, and a rapidly growing population that made food supply not last all the time. This experience left its mark on Yuan Longping, which made him focus on (关注) farming science and work on his research of hybrid rice.
His achievement would see the rice supply in China increasing from 56.9 million tons in 1950 to 194.7 million tons by 2017. By 1991, 20% of the world’s rice output came from hybrid rice, even if only being planted in 10% of fields.
Always remember, human development begins first with the most basic and sample things, such as developing rice. We should be thankful for scientific thinkers like Yuan.
66． Why is rice a main food around the world?
________________
67． What did Yuan develop successfully?
________________
68． When was Yuan Longping born?
________________
69． What made Yuan focus on farming science?
________________
70． How many tons was the rice supply in China by 2017?
________________
（2020·湖南永州）
In China, the 12th month of the lunar calendar(阴历) is called Layue. The month is full of interesting festivals and customs.
Laba Festival, which is on the 8th day of Layue, is the first festival in this month. From this day on, people begin to get ready for the Chinese New Year.
On Laba Festival, people eat hot Laba porridge. There are usually eight things in the porridge: rice, red beans, peas, dried lotus seeds, dates, and three different kinds of fruits and nuts. The porridge is not just good for your health, but a blessing for the coming of Chinese New Year.
Laba porridge is not the only tasty food in Layue. Laba garlic(腊八蒜) is popular in the north. People begin to soak garlic in vinegar from that day on, and eat it with dumplings during the Chinese New Year. While in the south, people like making sausages.
Another major celebration before Spring Festival is Xiaonian. It is usually on the 23rd or 24th day of the last lunar month. Traditionally it is an important day when people offer sacrifices to the Kitchen God who looks after the family.
Don't forget to clean your home. This is also an important thing to do to prepare for the Chinese New Year. It means sweeping away the dust of the old year and welcoming a fresh start. Now, the last thing for you to do is to wait for the coming Spring Festival.
71． When is Laba festival?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
72． What do people often eat on Laba Festival?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
73． Is Laba garlic popular in the south?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
74． What do people do on Xiaonian?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
75． Why do people clean their homes before the Spring Festival?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
三、 阅读还原
（2022·湖南永州）阅读下面的短文，从所给的A~F六个选项中，选出正确的答案填空，使短文通顺，内容完整，其中选项中有一项是多余的。
A fun way to put yourself in a good mood(情绪) is by creating a mood board. What’s that? __76____ Susie Moore, a life coach, often guides people at mood-board-making classes. At the end of a class, each person has built a collection that puts him or her in an active mood.
To create your own mood board, you’ll need a soft board or a cardboard. ____77____ Go through them, cutting out photos for your board. Use your feelings to choose what works best. Here, Shay Maunz uses Moore’s tips to create a mood board and offers tips on how you can make your own.
____78____ Anything that makes you feel good, use it. I used photos of my favorite food watermelon, and my favorite animal, penguins.
You might use your mood board to set goals for things your’d like to achieve. I want to read at least 30 books this year.
___79____ Maybe it’s your classroom, a playground, or a comfortable corner at home. You can put photos of that place on your mood board, or choose photos that remind you of it. I used this photo of West Virginia, where I grew up.
Not everything on your mood board has to serve a purpose or be connected to your life. Choose some photos just because you like them. ____80____
A．This is also a good time to think about happy things.
B．It’s anything that encourages you or makes you happy.
C．One step to start is with some of your favorite things.
D．Every time I look at these photos, they make me smile.
E．Think about a place that makes you feel safe and happy.
F．You’ll also need old magazines, greeting cards and photographs.
（2021·湖南永州）5 ways to train your brain for better sleep
The days are longer, full of sunshine and bright with the promise of enjoying a more relaxing spring and summer with your loved ones. But if you want to enjoy your daytime, it’s time to improve your sleep during the night-time. “Sleep problems endanger health and quality (质量) of life for up to 45% of the world’s population,” according to the World Sleep Society.
Sleep is one of the three keys to a healthier, longer life (the others are diet and exercise). ____81____. Here are the top five ways to improve your sleep and get some relax:
Create a sleep nest
___82____. Science tells us that we sleep better in cooler temperatures of about 60 to 67 degrees Fahrenheit (15℃ to 20℃).
Develop a routine
Set up a bedtime ritual by taking a warm bath or shower, reading a book or listening to soft music. You’re teaching your mind to relax. And stick to it. Go to bed and get up at the same time each day, even on weekends or your days off. ____83____.
Cut the lights
Production of the sleep hormone melatonin (荷尔蒙褪黑激素) begins at dark. Research has found that the body will slow or stop it with light on, to get away from any light, even the blue light from your charging smart phone.
Refuse the wine
Don’t turn to wine to make you calm or help you sleep. ____84____. Your body needs to experience all three steps of sleep—light sleep, dream, and deep sleep—to fully repair itself.
____85____
Heavy and spicy foods may give you heartburn or other digestive problems, thus influencing your ability to get and stay asleep.
If you try these tips and can’t seem to relax, or your sleep continues to worsen, be sure to reach out to your doctor or a mental health professional.
A．The body likes routine
B．Avoid heavy or hot foods
C．Refuse coffee later in the day
D．One of the first tasks is to set up your sleep environment
E．Wine may help you fall asleep, but it holds you in the lighter sleep
F．Many of the ways to increase the quality of your sleep are easy to follow
（2020·湖南永州）
Colors and moods(情绪)
Some people believe that colors can influence our moods.___86____. In fact, colors can change our moods and make us feel happy or sad, energetic (充满活力的) or sleepy. This article explains what colors can do and what characteristics(特点) they represent(代表).
Energetic colors
When you feel tired or weak, you should wear energetic colors like green. ____87____, as it is the color of nature and represents new life.
Strong colors
If you require strength in either body or mind, red may be of some help to you. Red is the color of heat. It represents power and strong feelings. Wearing red can also make it easier to take action. ____88____.
Calm colors
Have you ever walked into a room and felt relaxed? It could be because the walls were painted blue. Blue is a calm color. It brings peace to our mind and body. ____89____, so you may say “I'm feeling blue” when you feeling sad.
____90____
Some colors, such as orange and yellow, can make you feel warm. People in cold areas prefer warm colors in their homes to create a warm and comfortable feelings. Orange represents joy. It can cheer you up when you are feeling sad. Yellow is the color of the sun, so it can remind you of a warm sunny day. Yellow is also the color of wisdom (智慧). Some people prefer this color when they hope for success.
A．Warm colors.
B．Green can give you energy.
C．Blue can also represent sadness.
D．You may wonder whether it is true.
E．Others think that colors can change people's moods.
F．This may help when you are having difficulty making a decision.
四、 语篇翻译
（2022·湖南永州）阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语。
Dancing Lions
Have you seen lions dancing in the streets? It happens on the first day of the new year in China. The lions dance to the beat of a drum. They are not real lions. They are dancers in lion costumes. The lions dancing is part of a tradition that is centuries old. It started in China. 1. It means bringing good luck in the coming year.
Usually, a lion includes two dancers. 2.一个控制头。The other controls the tail.
“I think of it as a sport.” says Anthony Huang, aged 16. He is a member of the New York Chinese Freemasons Athletic Club. Anthony performs as the lion’s head. It can weigh 20 pounds. Lion dancing is important to Anthony.
In the past, lion dancing was performed mostly by men. But it has changed today. Lion Dance Me is a lion dancing group. It is in San Francisco, California. There are boys and girls on its team. 3.他们一起舞。Ananda Tang-Lee is 17. She says anyone can take up lion dancing. “You have to have confidence that you can do it.” she says.
Lion dancing will likely continue to develop. 4. But one thing that will never change is the sense of community among team members. “We call it a family,” Ananda says. “It’s really great, because we always have each other’s backs.”
91． ___________________________
92． ___________________________
93． ___________________________
94． ___________________________
（2021·湖南永州）阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语，并将答案填写在答题卡上对应题号的横线上。
The role of the disabled in society

The 2022 Paralympic Winter Games will be held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in north China’s Hebei province.
Hosting the Paralympic Games will help draw attention to the need for countries to do more to make sure equal chances for all people in society. 1.It is necessary to realize the great achievements which are made by disabled people.
2.残疾人在中国的生活已经改善了很多，and more achievements are expected to be seen as the country has been speeding up to realize the goal of achieving “equality, participation and sharing,” as expressed in the 2019 White Paper on China’s 70 years of progress in dealing with the needs of the disabled.
3.The Chinese government is trying to solve the needs of the disabled and provide them with new chances. For example, buildings, holds, public transport and other public places are becoming more wheelchair friendly.
Modern media also play an important role in educating the public about the needs of the disabled and also changing society’s image of them, so there is greater focus on their special abilities rather than on their abilities.
In fact, the society’s most disabled people provide all of us with important lessons. They show us confidence, creativity and positivity. The loser will fail 99 times and then give up. 4.要成功，你必须有耐心，永不放弃。You must always learn from your failures, and move on.
95． ________________
96． _______________
97． ________________
98． ________________
（2020·湖南永州）
Dear Mr. Friend,
My name is Simon, and I am in Grade Nine. 1.我非常喜欢足球。 I love watching football, reading about football, and, of course, playing football. However, my love of football has become the cause of my problem.
I always play football with my friends after school. We often play for hours and sometimes we even forget when we should stop. 2. If there is a football match, we will sit watching it. Now I get into trouble because my parents do not allow me to play outside after 6 p.m. Watching football match is also impossible, do not understand why they are so strict with me. 3.我有时候感觉很生气。 I believe it is important to develop our hobbies. They help us relax and make our lives more interesting.
Is it bad to stay out late to play football? Should I spend less time on it? 4. I wonder how I can deal with my trouble. I look forward to your valuable advice.
Best wishes!
Simon Luo
99． _________________________________________
100． _________________________________________
101． _________________________________________
102． _________________________________________


参考答案：
1． B
2． B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了食物浪费的相关内容。
1． 细节理解题。根据“More than a billion tons of food are wasted each year”可知，每年有超过十亿吨的食物被浪费，故选B。
2． 细节理解题。根据“Most waste happens at home”可知，大多数浪费发生在家里，故选B。
3． A
4． B
5． A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了Habitat for Humanity人类的栖息地组织的相关信息，包括成立时间、建造房子的数量以及志愿者的人员组成等等。
3． 细节理解题。根据图表中的“The group was set up in 1976.”可知人类的栖息地组织是在1976年创立的。故选A。
4． 细节理解题。根据图表中的“Number of Houses”时间轴2003对应的数字150,000可知人类的栖息地组织在2003年建造了150,000间房子。故选B。
5． 细节理解题。根据“Habitat for Humanity is a group that builds homes for families in need.”可知人类的栖息地组织是一个为有需要的家庭建造房子的组织。故选A。
6． C
7． C
8． B
9． A
10． C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，讲述了让孩子学会明智的处理自己的金钱。
6． 细节理解题。根据“The goal of most parents is to teach their kids how to deal with money wisely.”可知，大多数父母的目标是教他们的孩子如何明智地处理金钱。故选C。
7． 细节理解题。根据“The Tidier family in Denver found the best way to teach about money was to let their kids make some money.”可知，丹佛市的Tidier一家发现教育金钱的最好方法就是让他们的孩子赚钱。故选C。
8． 细节理解题。根据“Besides, he bought a bike and a wonderful sound system.”可知，他买了一辆自行车和一套很棒的音响系统。故选B。
9． 细节理解题。根据“Giselle Lopez, 17, of New York City, learned the hard way. She owed(欠) $2,000 on her first credit card.”可知，吉赛尔的第一张信用卡欠了2000美元，故选A。
10． 细节理解题。根据“Then she paid the money off slowly by herself.”可知，吉赛尔自己还的信用卡，故选C。
11． C
12． A
13． B
14． C
15． C
【解析】
【导语】
本文针对政府是否应该负责限制孩子们花在网上的时间，几个孩子给出了自己的看法。
11． 细节理解题。根据“On weekends and holidays, kids would be limited(限制) to an hour a day of online gaming.”可知，在周末和节假日，孩子们每天只能玩一个小时的网络游戏。故选C。
12． 细节理解题。根据“Esme McNeely, 11...The government should not set screen-time limits.”可知，Esme McNeely反对限制，故选A。
13． 细节理解题。根据“A 2021 study from the University of Colorado Boulder says screen time might be less harmful to kids than people think. Some parents worry that children online too much won’t make friends. But the study reports that screen time can actually improve kids’friendships.”可知，科罗拉多大学博尔德分校2021年的一项研究称，屏幕时间对孩子的伤害可能比人们想象的要小，一些家长担心孩子上网太多会交不到朋友，但研究报告称，屏幕时间实际上可以改善孩子们的友谊。故选B。
14． 细节理解题。根据“If the government limited screen time, people would be encouraged to spend more time with their family.”可知，如果限制屏幕时间，人们就会被鼓励花更多的时间和家人在一起。故选C。
15． 主旨大意题。本文针对政府是否应该负责限制孩子们花在网上的时间，几个孩子给出了自己的看法。选项C“政府是否应该设置屏幕时间限制”符合主题，故选C。
16． A
17． B
18． A
19． A
20． B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍海豚和大象两种动物与同伴之间的交流方式。
16． 细节理解题。根据“However, the scientists didn’t know that dolphins listen for their names too.”可知，海豚也会听它们的名字，说明海豚直到自己的名字。故选A。
17． 细节理解题。根据“the researchers caught 14 dolphins and recorded their name calls”可知，研究人员抓了14只海豚，并记录了它们的叫声。故选B。
18． 细节理解题。根据“Each dolphin’s unusual whistle helps it quickly find a friend or a family member, or call for help.”可知，每只海豚都能发出不同寻常的哨声，帮助它迅速找到朋友或家人，或呼救。故选A。
19． 细节理解题。根据“Unlike dolphins, elephants also communicate by their great sense of smell. They can recognize other elephants by the smells they have.”可知，与海豚不同的是，大象也通过它们强大的嗅觉进行交流，它们可以通过气味认出其他大象。故选A。
20． 词句猜测题。分析“Unlike dolphins, elephants also communicate by their great sense of smell. They can recognize other elephants by the smells they have.”可知，与海豚不同的是，大象也通过它们强大的嗅觉进行交流，所以它们可以通过气味认出其他大象。此处recognize的意思是“认出”，故选B。
21． C
22． A
【解析】
【分析】
文章通过今昔对比介绍了中国高铁的发展。
21． 细节理解题。根据“At the beginning of the 21st century China had no high-speed railways. Slow, crowded and often uncomfortable trains ran across this vast country...”可知，21世纪初，中国的铁路是缓慢、拥挤，而且常常让人不舒服的，故选C。
22． 细节理解题。根据“with a further 3,700 kilometers due to open in the coming months of 2021.”可知，在2021年的未来几个月里，有3,700公里的线路将要开通，故选A。
23． A
24． B
25． B
【解析】
【分析】
文章是对不同年龄段的孩子上网所占比的介绍以及孩子们喜欢在网上做的事情的统计表。
23． 细节理解题。根据图表一中41.0%对应的是5—9岁的孩子，故选A。
24． 细节理解题。根据右侧表格中“Go online to get news or information...”对应的是76%，故选B。
25． 细节理解题。根据右侧表格中43%对应的内容“Buy things...such as books, clothing...”可知，43%的孩子通常在网上买书，故选B。
26． C
27． C
28． A
29． B
30． A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Negroponte和他的科学团队发明了一种新型电脑，这个绿色机器能帮助世界上贫穷的孩子更好地学习。
26． 细节理解题。根据“Can a green machine help the world’s poorest kids learn better? Nicholas Negroponte thinks so. He and his team of scientists have invented a new type of computer.”可知，Negroponte认为他的电脑可以帮助最穷困的孩子更好的学习。故选C。
27． 细节理解题。根据第二段“ OLPC makes computers that don’t cost a lot. Then they sell the machines to governments of countries that have many people live in poverty. The governments then give the computes to kids for free.”可知，他们把这些电脑卖给那些有很多人生活在贫困中的国家的政府。然后政府将这些计算机免费提供给孩子们。故选C。
28． 细节理解题。根据“The machines have many fun characters like a built-in video camera...They also can make music and chat with friends.”和“Another great character is that it can last for a long time ”可知，因为这种机器持续时间长，而且可以供学生娱乐，所以有趣。故选A。
29． 词义猜测题。根据“...also can be recharged by connecting to a solar panel”可知，此处的“charged”指的是充电，故选B。
30． 细节理解题。根据“OLPC plans to give out over ten million computers in the next few years. Kids in Thailand, Nigeria, Brazil, and Argentina will get most of them. ”可知，泰国、尼日利亚、巴西和阿根廷的孩子将获得其中大部分，故选A。
31． B
32． A
33． C
34． C
35． B
【解析】
【分析】
文章介绍了狗利用它们灵敏的嗅觉识别癌症的事情，并通过实例证实，由此说明狗可能对医学问题有帮助。
31． 细节理解题。根据“Dogs might have the latest tools in the fight against cancer (癌症); their noses!”可知，狗可能拥有最新的抗癌工具是它们的鼻子，故选B。
32． 推理判断题。根据“Dogs in the Pine Street Foundation test were trained to sit when they smelled cancer. How well did they perform? Take a look at this chart to find out.”可推知，松树街基金会的狗在嗅到癌症的实验中首先是要接受训练。故选A。
33． 细节理解题。根据“Finally, the dogs were allowed to smell the tubes. Each dog had been trained for three weeks to sit when it smelled cancer.”可知，狗如果嗅到了癌症就会坐下来，故选C。
34． 细节理解题。根据表格中的显示“Breath from healthy persons”和“Number of Times the Dogs Kept Standing”对应的数字是708，故选C。
35． 细节理解题。根据“The results are so amazing that many experts question the dogs’ smelling power...For example, they thought the way the dog trainers behaved could have influenced how the dogs acted.”可知，许多专家质疑狗的嗅觉能力。他们认为驯狗师的行为方式可能会影响狗的行为。故选B。
36． C
37． C
38． A
39． C
40． B
【解析】
【分析】
文章介绍了废旧物品作品展览，比较了美术作品与民间艺术，呼吁大家从小事做起，变废为宝，保护环境。
36． 推理判断题。根据“On the other hand, in poor countries rubbish might be the only material folk artists and toy makers can afford...Some of the objects in the exhibition date from the 1930s.”可知，这里主要是介绍回收艺术的情况，故选C。
37． 推理判断题。根据“ They take objects that are normally thrown away and change them into objects that are beautiful, useful, and fun...The exhibition shows that a rich imagination is very important when there are only poor materials.”可知，劣质的材料也可以制成艺术品，故选C。
38． 细节理解题。根据“Still, they all share one thing. They take objects that are normally thrown away and change them into objects that are beautiful, useful, and fun.”可知，展览分享中的作品都是精美的艺术品，故选A。
39． 细节理解题。根据“If you reduce waste, true things instead of throwing them out, and recycle materials such as paper, plastic, and glass, you will protect the environment.”可知，回收材料对保护环境有好处，故选C。
40． 最佳标题题。根据“What do you do with your rubbish? Throw it out? You don’t know what you’re missing!...Those two bottle-cap figures were exhibited (展示) in a museum.”及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是介绍废旧物品作品展览，呼吁大家从小事做起，变废为宝，保护环境，故选B。
41． A
42． C
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍永州的地理位置、人口、名胜古迹和美食。
41． 细节理解题。根据“Yongzhou, whose neighbours are Guangdong and Guangxi, lies in the south of Hunan Province”可知永州位于湖南省的南部，临近广州和广西。故选A。
42． 细节理解题。根据“Don't miss the delicious food: Daozhou Grey Goosc, Dong’ an Chicken, and Yongzhou Blood Duck”可知不包括C选项Beijing Duck。故选C。
43． C
44． A
45． C
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意：本文主要讲了救助溺水儿童的适当方法、经常发生溺水的时间和可能的原因。
43． 细节理解题。根据表格中的Dos中"Shout loudly and ask adults for help. "可知有人溺水时要大声呼喊，向大人求助，C项正确；而AB两项都在Don'ts这一项中，是不应该做的。故选C。
44． 细节理解题。根据表格中“The time during which the drowning often happens· After school in the afternoon.·On weekends.·On holidays.·On summer vacation.”可知周末或节假日是经常发生溺水的时间。故选A。
45． 细节理解题。根据表格中“The possible causes·Play near the water or pick up things from the water.”可知在水边玩耍是可能造成溺水的原因。故选C。
46． A
47． A
48． B
49． B
50． C
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意：本文主要讲了马拉拉在塔利班控制家乡的时候，挺身而出，为女孩的教育权而战，在被塔利班击中后飞往英国接受治疗并继续受教育，她获得了诺贝尔和平奖，并成功毕业于牛津大学，毕业时收到了来自世界各地的祝福。
46． 细节理解题。根据第1段中“Malala was born in Pakistan on July 12, 1997.”可知马拉拉出生在巴基斯坦。故选A。
47． 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在语境“In 2008, she spoke out against the Taliban. The Taliban tried to silence her.”讲她公开反对塔利班，结合下文“In 2012, Taliban fighters shot Malala on her way home from school.”讲她被塔利班击中，可推出此处是说塔利班试图压制她，silence在此处是“压制”的意思。故选A。
48． 细节理解题。根据第2段中“She won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014, when she was 17. ”可知马拉拉2014年获得诺贝尔和平奖。故选B。
49． 细节理解题。根据第3段中“Malala posted photos of her celebration on Twitter. One showed her with her family. The other was taken after her 'trashing'.”可知马拉拉一共在推特上发布了两张照片。故选B。
50． 细节理解题。根据第4段中“One was an American astronaut Anne McClain.”可知支持她的是美国宇航员，A项错误；根据最后一段中“She has written books for both children and adults.”可知她为儿童和成人都写过书，B项错误；根据最后一段中“She also raises money through the Malala Fund. This is nonprofit group that fights for girls' education.”可知马拉拉通过马拉拉基金会为女子教育筹钱，C项正确。故选C。
51． B
52． B
53． C
54． A
55． A
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意：本文主要讲2015年6月，巴基斯坦的卡拉奇市有超过一千人死于热浪，这使Shahzad Qureshi采取行动，开始了城市森林这个项目，文中详细介绍了这个项目运行之后所做的贡献。
51． 细节理解题。根据第1段中“In June 2015, more than 1,000 people died there during heat wave.”可知2015年6月一场热浪杀死了卡拉奇一千多人。故选B。
52． 细节理解题。根据第1段中“After the heat wave, Qureshi took action. He started Urban Forest.”可知是Shahzad Qureshi开办了城市森林。故选B。
53． 细节理解题。根据第4段中“Then the students planted trees in the schoolyard. 'They were excited about the project,' Muneeza Shaikhali says.”可知学生们对这个项目感到兴奋。故选C。
54． 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Students go outside during science class to study the forest.”可知学生们在科学课上到外面去研究森林。故选A。
55． 标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知本文主要介绍Shahzad Qureshi所开办的Urban Forest（城市森林）项目的实施，用“Urban Forest”做标题最合适。故选A。
56． C
57． B
58． A
59． B
60． C
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意：地球的70%被海洋覆盖着，海洋是地球上大多数动植物的家园，为我们提供了我们呼吸的70%的氧气。然而海洋正面临着塑料污染、气候变化和海水温度上升等问题。联合国确立世界海洋日来提醒人们海洋的重要性。
56． 细节理解题。根据第1段中“Seventy percent of our planet is covered by one huge body of seawater-the ocean.”可知地球上的百分之七十被海水覆盖。故选C。
57． 段落大意题。根据第2段内容及最后一句“No matter where you live on the planet, no matter how far from the sea, your life is dependent on the ocean.”可知我们的生活依赖于海洋。故选B。
58． 细节理解题。根据第3段中“The biggest problem facing the ocean at the moment is plastic pollution.”可知海洋面临的最大问题是塑料污染。故选A。
59． 细节理解题。根据第4段中“Rising sea temperatures have a direct influence on weather patterns and are seen as partly responsible for an increase in extreme weather.”可知不断上升的海水温度被视为极端天气增加的部分原因。故选B。
60． 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The day is celebrated in all kinds of ways, including special events on the beach, river clean-ups, school activities, art contests and film festivals.”可知人们举办特别活动来庆祝世界海洋日。故选C。
61． Sagarika Sriram was 10 years old when she started reading newspaper stories.
62． Dubai.
63． Its goal is to fight climate change.
64． Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply.
65． Yes.
【解析】
【导语】
本文主要讲述了Sagarika Sriram建立了一个组织Kids for a Better World，旨在应对气候变化。
61． 根据“Sagarika Sriram was 10 years old when she started reading newspaper stories.”可知，Sagarika Sriram10岁时开始阅读报纸故事。故填Sagarika Sriram was 10 years old when she started reading newspaper stories.
62． 根据“It organized clean-up activities in Dubai. That’s her home city.”可知，Sagarika Sriram的家乡在迪拜，故填Dubai.
63． 根据“Its goal is to fight climate(气候) change.”可知，Kids for a Better World的目标是应对气候变化，故填Its goal is to fight climate change.
64． 根据“Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply.”可知，她所在的城市面临着气温上升和供水减少的风险。故填Her city faces the risks of rising temperatures and less water supply.
65． 根据“She’d like to go to college in California. While she’s there, she’ll continue being an activist.”可知，她想去加利福尼亚上大学，在那里她会继续做一名积极分子。故填Yes.
66． It is a main food because it is easy to grow, besides low cost and convenience.
67． Hybrid rice./He developed hybrid rice successfully.
68． He was born in the year 1930./In the year 1930./In 1930.
69． The rapidly growing population that made food supply not last all the time.
70． 194.7 million tons.
【解析】
【分析】
文章介绍了中国杂交水稻之父——袁隆平的事迹以及杂交水稻的情况。
66． 根据“It is a main food because it is easy to grow, besides low cost and convenience.”可知，因为它容易生长，成本低并且方便。故填It is a main food because it is easy to grow, besides low cost and convenience.
67． 根据“Yuan successfully developed what is known as “hybrid rice” which can produce up a 30% higher output.”可知，袁隆平成功地培育了杂交水稻，故填Hybrid rice./He developed hybrid rice successfully.
68． 根据“Yuan Longping was born in the year 1930”可知，袁隆平出生于1930年，故填He was born in the year 1930./In the year 1930./In 1930.
69． 根据“The first few decades (十年) of his life were met with major social events, and a rapidly growing population that made food supply not last all the time. This experience left its mark on Yuan Longping, which made him focus on (关注) farming science and work on his research of hybrid rice.”可知，在他生命的最初几十年里，他遇到了重大的社会事件，人口的迅速增长使得食物供应不能一直持续下去。这段经历在袁隆平身上留下了印记，使他专注于农学研究，致力于杂交水稻的研究。故填The rapidly growing population that made food supply not last all the time.
70． 根据“His achievement would see the rice supply in China increasing from 56.9 million tons in 1950 to 194.7 million tons by 2017.”可知，到2017年，中国的大米供应量是19470万吨，故填194.7 million tons.
71． On the 8th day of Layue.
72． Hot Laba porridge.
73． No, it isn't.
74． People offer sacrifices to the Kitchen God (who looks after the family).
75． Because it means sweeping away the dust of the old year and welcoming a fresh start.
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意：本文主要讲了中国农历腊月里的一些有趣的节日及其习俗。
71． 细节理解题。根据第2段中“Laba Festival, which is on the 8th day of Layue, is the first festival in this month.”可知腊八节在腊月的第八天（即腊月初八）。故答案为：On the 8th day of Layue.
72． 细节理解题。根据第3段中“On Laba Festival, people eat hot Laba porridge.”可知腊八节时人们常吃热腊八粥。故答案为：Hot Laba porridge.
73． 细节理解题。根据第4段中“Laba garlic is popular in the north.”可知腊八蒜在中国北方受欢迎，而不是南方，用否定回答。故答案为：No, it isn't.
74． 细节理解题。根据第5段中“Another major celebration before Spring Festival is Xiaonian. ... Traditionally it is an important day when people offer sacrifices to the Kitchen God who looks after the family.”可知人们在小年这一天祭拜掌管家庭的灶神。故答案为：People offer sacrifices to the Kitchen God (who looks after the family).
75． 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Don't forget to clean your home. ... It means sweeping away the dust of the old year and welcoming a fresh start.”可知人们在春节前扫房子是因为这意味着扫除旧年的灰尘，迎接新的开始。故答案为：Because it means sweeping away the dust of the old year and welcoming a fresh start.
76． B
77． F
78． C
79． E
80． A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，给我们如何创建一个情绪板，控制自己的情绪。
76． 根据“A fun way to put yourself in a good mood(情绪) is by creating a mood board. What’s that?”可知，此处在介绍创建一个情绪板的定义，选项B“它是任何鼓励你或让你快乐的事情”符合语境，故选B。
77． 根据“To create your own mood board, you’ll need a soft board or a cardboard.”可知，此处介绍创建自己的情绪板需要的东西，选项F“你还需要旧杂志、贺卡和照片”符合语境，故选F。
78． 根据“ Anything that makes you feel good, use it.”可知，此处建议任何能让你感觉良好的东西都用上，选项C“第一步就是从你最喜欢的东西开始”符合语境，故选C。
79． 根据“Maybe it’s your classroom, a playground, or a comfortable corner at home.”可知，此处介绍一些地方，选项E“想一个让你感到安全和快乐的地方”符合语境，故选E。
80． 根据“Not everything on your mood board has to serve a purpose or be connected to your life. Choose some photos just because you like them.”可知，不是你情绪板上的每件事都必须有目的或与你的生活有关，选项A“这也是一个思考快乐事情的好时机”符合语境，故选A。
81． F
82． D
83． A
84． E
85． B
【解析】
【分析】
文中介绍了5种训练大脑以获得更好睡眠的方法。
81． 根据“Here are the top five ways to improve your sleep and get some relax:”介绍改善睡眠的五种最有用的方法，前面应提出有很多改善方法，F项“很多提高睡眠质量的方法都很容易遵循”符合语境。故选F。
82． 根据“Create a sleep nest”可知这一段讲创建适合睡眠的地方，D项“首要任务之一就是建立你的睡眠环境”符合语境。故选D。
83． 根据“Develop a routine”可知要发展睡眠规律，A项“身体喜欢惯例”符合语境。故选A。
84． 根据“Refuse the wine”可知此处讲睡前不能喝酒的原因，E项“酒可能会帮助你入睡，但它会让你进入较浅的睡眠状态”符合语境。故选E。
85． 根据“Heavy and spicy foods may give you heartburn or other digestive problems, thus influencing your ability to get and stay asleep.”可知此处讲不要吃油腻或辣的食物，B项“避免油腻或辣的食物”符合语境。故选B。
86． E
87． B
88． F
89． C
90． A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍颜色能影响并改变人的情绪；解释了一些颜色代表的特点和它们怎样对人的情绪产生影响。
86． 句意：其他人认为颜色能改变人的情绪。
根据前一句“Some people believe that colors can influence our moods”可知此处讲述的是一些人的看法，另一些人的看法。选择与others think that有关的句子。故选E。
87． 句意：绿色可以给你能量。
根据前一句“you should wear energetic colors like green”可知此和绿色green有关；根据“as it is the color of nature and represents new life”可知绿色是大自然的颜色代表新的生命，此处讲述绿色好的一方面。故选B。
88． 句意：当你做决定有困难时，这可能有用。
根据前文“Wearing red can also make it easier to take action”穿红色的衣服也让做决定变得跟容易。F选项“help when you are having difficulty making a decision”与红色有关。故选F。
89． 句意：蓝色也代表悲伤。
根据后文“you may say ‘I'm feeling blue’ when you feeling sad”当你伤心的时候你会说“I'm feeling blue”，可知此处讲述蓝色和伤心sadness有关。故选C。
90． 句意：暖色。
根据“Some colors, such as orange and yellow, can make you feel warm”一些颜色，例如橘色和黄色可以让你感觉温暖。可知此处的小标题与暖色有关。故选A。
91． 它意味着在新的一年里带来好运。
92． One controls the head.
93． They dance together.
94． 但永远不会改变的一件事就是团队成员之间的集体意识。
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍舞狮的相关内容。
91． It“它”，means“意味着”，bringing good luck“带来好运”，in the coming year“在新的一年里”。故填：它意味着在新的一年里带来好运。
92． “一个”one，“控制”control，“头”the head。时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单。故填One controls the head.
93． “他们”they，dance together“一起舞”。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填They dance together.
94． But“但是”，one thing that will never change“永远不会改变的一件事”，is“是”，the sense of community“集体意识”，among team members“团队成员之间”。故填：但永远不会改变的一件事就是团队成员之间的集体意识。
95． 实现残疾人的伟大成就是很必要的。
96． The life of the disabled in China has improved a lot.
97． 中国政府正在努力解决残疾人的需要，为他们提供新的机会。
98． To succeed, you must be patient and never give up.
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。2022年冬季残奥会即将举行，短文主要介绍了残疾人在社会中的作用以及中国政府在解决残疾人的需要方面所做的努力。
95． it它，形式主语；is necessary是必需的；to realize the great achievements实现伟大成就，真正的主语；which are made by disabled people：被残疾人创造，定语从句，修饰名词the great achievements。故填：实现残疾人的伟大成就是很必要的。
96． 残疾人在中国的生活：the life of the disabled in China；改善：improve；很多：a lot。结合语境，此句应用现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has done；主语“the life of the disabled in China”是第三人称单数形式，故助动词应用has；improve的过去分词是improved。故填The life of the disabled in China has improved a lot.
97． the Chinese government中国政府；is trying to solve the needs of the disabled正在努力解决残疾人的需要；and provide them with new chances给他们提供新的机会。故填：中国政府正在努力解决残疾人的需要，为他们提供新的机会。
98． 成功：succeed；你：you；必须有耐心：must be patient：永不放弃：never give up。根据句意，此句可以用动词不定式作目的状语，置于句首。故填To succeed, you must be patient and never give up.
99． I am crazy about football.
100． 如果有足球比赛，我们就坐下来看。
101． I feel angry sometimes.
102． 我想知道如何处理我的麻烦。
【解析】
【分析】
文章大意：这是Simon Luo写给Mr. Friend的一封信，信中讲了自己的烦恼，寻求对方的建议。
99． 根据句意及语境可知要用一般现在时。我，作主语时用主格I；非常喜欢be crazy about，主语I，be动词用am；足球football。最后根据英语语法翻译整个句子，句子开头首字母要大写。故答案为：I am crazy about football.
100． If如果；there is有；a football match一场足球比赛；we我们；will将；sit坐着；watching it观看足球赛。最后根据汉语语言习惯翻译整个句子。故答案为：如果有足球比赛，我们就坐着看。
101． 根据句意及语境可知要用一般现在时。我，作主语时用主格I；有时候sometimes；感觉很生气feel angry，主语I，谓语动词用原形。最后根据英语语法翻译整个句子，句子开头首字母要大写。故答案为：I feel angry sometimes.
102． I wonder我想知道；how如何；I我；can可以；deal with处理；my trouble我的麻烦。最后根据汉语语言习惯翻译整个句子。故答案为：我想知道如何处理我的麻烦。