高中英语上教版必修二 翻译（原卷+解析卷）

第八讲翻译一、翻译步骤审题——读全中文，看清所给词。翻译——找准主干，选对句型（避免中文式英语），注意灵活意译。检查——检查单词的拼写、大小写和标点符号；名词的单复数；动词的时态、语态和主谓一致；句子的完整性。二、翻译原则1、信：清晰准确（从整体上把握句子结构，抓住主谓宾）e.g. 是否在黄浦江上再建一座大桥，委员们意见不一。 (agree) The committee can’t agree on whether to build another bridge over Huangpu River. 【解析】要先从整体上分析句子结构，找到主语是“委员们”，因此“是否在黄浦江上再建一座大桥”是宾语从句，很多同学会错当成主语从句。2、达：通畅明白（避免生涩翻译，用简单的词和短语）e.g. 我发现很难和那些固执己见的人合作。 (…it…) I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.【解析】“固执己见stubborn”这个词不易想到，而且容易拼错，可以用“always stick to one’s opinion”替代。3、雅：简明优雅（避免从句繁复，多使用形容词、介词短语或分词结构）e.g. 这款手机的式样新颖，携带方便，深受年轻人的欢迎。 (popular) The mobile phone is fashionable in style and convenient to carry, so it is very popular with the young people.【解析】“款式新颖，携带方便”不用翻译成“whose style is fashionable and it is convenient to carry”，这样会显得从句繁复；可以直接替代为“fashionable in style and convenient to carry”简洁明了。三、翻译考点例1. 翻译你没必要凡事亲力亲为。(need n.) 【2020静安二模】 少喝含糖的饮料，否则你会容易发胖。(or) 【2018春考】我们看似正常的行为也许会冒犯其他地方的人。(seem)【2020嘉定二模】重要的是目前这个免费配送服务向全体顾客开放。(available)【2018静安二模】练的越多，你的钢琴弹的就越好。(the more)是我的志愿者经历让我被这所大学录取了。(It)尽管这些产品价格昂贵，但它们经久耐用，永不过时。 (as)【2020金山二模】有可能防止金融危机将来再次发生吗？ (possible)面对紧急情况时，他是多么的冷静啊！(How)【2020奉贤一模】后悔虚度光阴有意义吗？(point) 【2020普陀一模】【难度】★★★【答案】There is no need for you to do everything by yourself / on your own.Don’t drink too much sugary drinks/ sugared beverages, or it is easy for you to gain weight. A behavior that seems normal to us is likely to/may offend people elsewhere. /What seems to be a normal behavior may offend people elsewhere.What matters is that the current free delivery service is available to all the customers.The more you practice, the better you will play the piano.It was my volunteer experience that helped me to be admitted by the university. Expensive as these products are, they last long and never go out of style. Is it possible to stop/keep/prevent a financial crisis from happening/occurring again in the future?How calm he was when (he was) faced with emergent situations/the emergency!Is there any point regretting wasting/ having wasted time?一、翻译今天的报告有多少人缺席？(absent )他的提议听上去很实用，但实施起来很困难。(sound)一部吸引观众的电影从一开头就能调起他们的兴趣。(appeal) 我从未想到我校篮球队会在决赛中败北。(occur)无论任务多么艰巨，我们都要不遗余力地完成。(However)只有充分利用你遇到的每个机会，你才能实现自己的梦想。(Only)这个专家所推荐的方法被证明是十分有效的。(prove) 窃贼一定是深夜时从窗户逃出去的。(must) 大量阅读书籍有助于我们成长。(expose)时光飞逝，尤其当你聚精会神地读一本好书时。(absorb)【难度】★★★【答案】How many people are absent from lecture today/today’s lecture?His suggestion sounded practical, but it was difficult to carry out.A film which appeals to the audience can arouse their interest from the very beginning.It never occurred to me that our school basketball team would fail in the final match.However hard the task is, we should spare no efforts to accomplish it.Only by making full use of every chance that you come across can you realize your dream.The method recommended by the expert proved (to be) very effective.The thief must have got out through the window late at night.Being much exposed to books is helpful to our growth. Time passes/flies quickly, especially when you are absorbed in reading a good book.一、翻译她在比赛中表现出色，给评委留下了深刻的印象。(which)公司在意的不是员工的长相，而是他们的工作表现。(care)过不了几天他们就会把面试结果寄给你的。(It)正是他良好的英语听说能力使他在这次英语演讲比赛中脱颖而出。(it)这位年轻的科学家如此专注于他的研究，每天很晚睡觉。(So)说服她不再网购是没有任何作用的。(It)二十世纪末中国经济迅速发展。(witness)二十一世纪以来，许多发达国家采取措施尽可能地吸引中国游客以拉动经济增长。(promote)由谁来为这次事故承担责任？(blame)同其他学生相比，那个女孩有更强的英语听、说能力。(compare)【难度】★★★★【答案】She performed excellently in the contest, which left a deep impression on the judges.What a company cares about is not the employees’ appearance, but their job performance.It won’t be a few days before they mail you the result about the interview.It was his English listening and speaking ability that enabled him to stand out in the English speech contest.So devoted is the young scientist to his research that he goes to bed very late every night.It is no use persuading her not to do online shopping / shop online any more.The late twentieth century witnessed the rapid development of China’s economy.Many developed countries have been taking measures/ steps/ action to attract as many Chinese tourists as possible to promote economic growth since the 21st century.Who is to blame for this accident?Compared with other students, the girl has better listening and speaking abilities in English.二、十一选十Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.FDA OKs Genetically Modified Salmon for Human ConsumptionThe Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on Thursday approved genetically modified salmon (转基因的三文鱼), the first such altered animal allowed for human consumption in the United States.The government had tried to ___31___ approving the fast-growing salmon for more than five years due to consumer concerns about eating genetically modified foods. But the agency said Thursday the fish is safe to eat.In announcing the approval, the FDA said that there are “no biologically ___32___ differences in the nutrition of AquAdvantage Salmon compared to that of other farm-raised Atlantic salmon.”AquAdvantage Salmon was created by the Massachusetts-based company AquaBounty. Ron Stotish, the company’s CEO, said in a statement that the fish is a “game changer that brings healthy and nutritious food to consumers in an environmentally ___33___ manner without damaging the ocean and other marine habitats.”The fish grows twice as fast as normal salmon, so it reaches ___34___ size more quickly. It has an added growth hormone (激素) from the Pacific Chinook salmon that allows the fish to produce growth hormone all year long. The engineers were able to ___35___ the hormone active by using another gene from an ocean pout (a kind of fish) that acts like an “on” ___36___ for the hormone. Typical Atlantic salmon produce the growth hormone for only part of the year.There is no evidence that the foods would be unsafe, but for some people, it’s an ethical (伦理的) ___37___. Some people have promised not to sell the salmon, and it’s still unclear whether the public will ___38___ an appetite for the fish if it is approved. Genetic engineering is already widely used for crops, but the government until now has not considered allowing the consumption of modified animals. Although the potential benefits and profits are huge, many people have doubts about controlling the genetic ___39___ of other living creatures.Critics worry that it could cause human allergies (过敏) and the eventual extinction of the ___40___ salmon population if it escapes and breeds in the wild.【难度】★★★【答案】FEJBA HCGKI一、翻译Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 【2019金山期中】72. 我们认为口罩是有效阻止疾病传播的工具。(regard)73. 只有与世界其他国家互相合作，我们才能在这场战斗中取得胜利。(Only)74. 进入上海音乐厅，他看看周围，发现很多观众都已经入座。(seat)75. 他既有音乐天赋又有幽默感，这使得他在大学的朋友中很受欢迎。(which)【难度】★★★【答案】72. We regard masks as an effective tool to stop disease from spreading. 73. Only by cooperating with other countries in the world can we win the battle. 74. After entering the Shanghai concert hall, he looked around, finding a large audience seated in their seats. 75. He has a gift for music and a sense of humor, which makes him popular with his friends in the college. 二、完型填空Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The responsibilities of job, home and family all too often transform the daily routine into a huge burden. Enjoying quality leisure time becomes ___41___.True leisure means engaging in a ___42___ and rewarding activity without being ___43___ by other aspects of your life. Sometimes, the ___44___ you experience during the week make you place great emphasis on weekends and other days off. You hope to relax, but the pressure is ___45___. You can’t rest even when you have the time to do so. When time is limited, leisure activities are usually the first items to ___46___ from the daily schedule.If you routinely ___47___ your leisure time because you have “more important things to do,” you may be underestimating how much time the things ___48___ take. Most people routinely shortchange themselves on the amount of time required to complete a given task. The problem is a ___49___ to evaluate performance honestly.___50___, simplifying your life will let you have more windows of opportunity to do stuff just for fun. Maybe you need to relearn to relax.Spare Time for Your ___51___: Devote one afternoon or evening per week ___52___ to doing something that you enjoy, listening to music, assembling a jigsaw puzzle. Do whatever you always wish to but never seem to find time for. And do it where there’s nothing to remind you of other ___53___.Choose Low-Tech: The popular fascination with technological advances in all areas of life has diverted(偏离) attention from the simple pleasures of many ___54___ pastimes. People think they must have the best, most up-to-date equipment available to enjoy themselves. When keeping up with trends becomes the ___55___, the pure pleasure of leisure is lost.41. A. essential B. difficult C. noticeable D. incapable42. A. reluctant B. disgusting C. delicate D. pleasurable43. A. preoccupied B. ashamed C. cultivated D. oppressed44. A. favour B. risk C. thirst D. stress45. A. enormous B. reasonable C. ignorant D. adjusted46. A. destroy B. consider C. disappear D. recognize47. A. estimate B. abandon C. fulfill D. expand48. A. constantly B. initially C. actually D. equally49. A. variety B. delay C. record D. failure50. A. However B. Consequently C. Moreover D. Therefore51. A. Instincts B. Desires C. Images D. Tasks52. A. occasionally B. dramatically C. primarily D. entirely53. A. expectations B. obligations C. stimulations D. limitations54. A. individual B. uncommon C. traditional D. physical55. A. threat B. obstacle C. source D. focus【难度】★★★★【答案】BDADA CBCDA BDBCD考察点常考用法举例高考真题例句词汇stand; cost; witness; ...每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。(stand)Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time.词组be accustomed to; be exposed to;be committed to; ...你书看得越多，就越有可能接触到不同的文化。(expose)The more you read, the more likely you are to be exposed to different cultures.成语按部就班: as planned /step by step翘首以盼: look forward to立竿见影:have an effective and immediate effect有人声称这种减肥药丸效果显著，立竿见影，且对身体无害，但事实远非如此。(It)It is claimed that weight-loss pills have an effective and immediate effect and are harmless / do no harm to our body, but it is far from the truth / case.时态语态常考时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。常考语态：主动和被动语态。（若句子无主语一般用被动）在过去的三年中他一直致力于研究信息的传播速度和人们生活节奏之间的关系。(commit)In / During / Over the past three years, he has committed himself / has been committed all the time to researching / studying the relationship / connection between the transmission speed of information and the rhythm / pace of human life.申请材料需精心准备，这样你心仪的学校才会对你的能力有全面、准确的了解。(in order that)The application should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have an overall and accurate knowledge of your abilities.定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句在展览会上，公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。(demonstrate)At the exhibition, the company’s sales manager demonstrated the new type of electronic toys (which/that) children were looking forward to.名词性从句主语从句(注意it作形式主语)、宾语从句(注意it作形式宾语)、表语从句、同位语从句能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题。(It)It is a difficult problem for high school students whether they can resist the temptation of online games.状语从句时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、比较、让步、条件状语从句你的网站内容越实用，使用起来越方便，就越有可能成功。(the more…the more)The more practical and user-friendly your website is, the more likely it will succeed. 我们一致同意一旦得出调查结论，就尽早让公众知晓。(once)We all agree that once the conclusion of the investigation is drawn, it will be make known to the public as soon as possible.强调句It is/was...that...正因为她按部就班地实现了每一个短期目标，才会在科学领域不断有所突破。(It)It was because she reached every short-term goal as planned /step by step that she kept breaking through in the field of science.倒装句全部倒装和部分倒装她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner)No sooner had she finished watching that programme about those extinct species, than she decided to join the Wildlife Conservation Organization.情态动词can；may；must；should；will...她们中谁可能当过排球教练？(may)Who may have been a volleyball coach among them?it作形式主语或宾语It is+adj for/of sb to doIt is +n to dofind/make it adj/n to do保护环境是每个公民的职责。(It...)It is the duty of every citizen to protect our environment.我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。(it)I find it (is) hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.非谓语动名词、不定式、分词看到奶奶有些睡意，他拉上窗帘并把电视的音量调低了。(turn)Seeing Grandma a little sleepy, he drew the curtains and turned the TV down.我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed)I'm accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep.感叹句How+adj/adv+主+谓！What+a/an+adj+n+主+谓！如果有朝一日，学生能亲自参与到课程开发中，那该有多棒啊！(involve) How great it is if one day students can be involved in the development of courses on their own! A. keepB. marketC. issue D. perspective E. relevantF. avoidG. developH. switchI. naturalJ. responsibleK. code