2022北京市北京师大附中高一下学期期末考试英语试卷含答案

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北京市师大附中2021-2022学年下学期高一年级期末考试英语试卷
本试卷有十道大题。考试时长120分钟，满分150分。
第I卷
一、听力(本大题共20小题，共20分)
第一节
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. What does the woman do in summer?
A. Play basketball. B. Go climbing. C. Go sailing.
2. Where did the man grow up?
A. In Cornwall. B. In London. C. In Birmingham.
3. When will the woman leave for the airport?
A. At 8 p. m. B. At 9 p. m. C. At 10 p. m.
4. What is the man doing?
A. Sending an invitation. B. Expressing his thanks. C. Offering his help.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Getting Lucy a gift. B. Holding a birthday party C. Going to a store.
第二节
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What does the man think of the art course?
A. Challenging. B. Interesting. C. Simple.
7. What do the speakers agree?
A. The teacher is amazing. B. The class size is reasonable. C. The technique is useful.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What did the woman try on in the department store?
A. A hat. B. A coat. C. A sweater.
9. Where does the woman think she lost her scarf?
A. On a bus. B. In the street. C. In a shop.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Colleagues. C. Doctor and patient.
11. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. Examine her. B. Send her to hospital. C. Give her some medicine.
12. What do we know about the woman?
A. She is worried. B. She is badly ill. C. She is bored.
听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。
13. Who is the project run for?
A. Parents. B. Children. C. Employers.
14. What is the main benefit for the speaker as a volunteer?
A. Developing a love of learning.
B. Learning from other volunteers.
C. Having the opportunity to work with children.
15. What helps the speaker decide to be a social worker?
A. The experience in working with children.
B. The inspiration from this project.
C. The faith in this project.
第三节
听下面一段独白，完成第16至第20小题，每空只需填写一个词。听独白前，你有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你有90秒钟的作答时间。本段独白你将听两遍。
How to Find an Apartment
Step 1
Make some time in your ________.
Step 2
Decide exactly what you want and how much you can ________.
Step 3
Buy every newspaper you can find and go through the ads.
Step 4
Pick out all the apartments within your ________ range.
Step 5
Check the ________.
Step 6
Reach for the ________
二、完形填空(本大题共10小题，共10分)
One winter, a homeless dog called Shavi was left to die on the streets of south-west Russia after being ____1____ by a driver. With two broken legs, she was taken to a pet clinic for ____2____ by a volunteer from One Green Planet. After launching an appeal to find someone who could look after Shavi, the vet found Nina who ____3____ her and nursed her back to health, working on regaining her confidence and ____4____.
Due to work commitments, Nina couldn’t keep Shavi and instead found her a new ____5____ 185 miles away, near the Russian border. However, after just a few days, Shavi ____6____ from there.
Two weeks later, while walking along the road outside her home, Nina felt something brush up against her leg. Realizing it was Shavi, she was so ____7____ and excited. The dog had made the almost 200-mile journey back to the woman who had saved her life and legs.
The pair lived together and moved into a bigger apartment so Shavi had plenty of room to play. “Of course, she has now remained with us for good. I would never give this kind of friend away again. ____8____ are the most loyal and loving companions in the world. For every drop of human love, they ____9____ give all of theirs in return, and I know that from personal experience. Shavi is just like a ____10____ to me.” Nina said.
1. A. abandoned B. adopted C. caught D. hit
2. A. treatment B. food C. weekend D. comfort
3. A. collected B. trained C. walked D. visited
4. A. patience B. strength C. growth D. freedom
5. A. friend B. toy C. home D. cage
6. A. recovered B. suffered C. wandered D. disappeared
7. A. annoyed B. relaxed C. shocked D. worried
8. A. Humans B. Volunteers C. Animals D. Drivers
9. A. calmly B. willingly C. bravely D. properly
10. A. beggar B. child C. leader D. stranger
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了妮娜从照顾受伤的流浪狗沙维，而后流浪狗不远千里跑回感恩的经历悟出动物是人类最忠诚的伙伴这个道理。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个冬天，一只名叫沙维的流浪狗被一名司机撞死后，被遗弃在俄罗斯西南部的街道上。A. abandoned抛弃；B. adopted收养；C. caught抓住；D. hit撞击。根据下文“by a driver. ”可知，这只流浪狗沙维被司机撞了。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：两条腿骨折后，她被“同一个绿色星球”的一名志愿者带到宠物诊所接受治疗。A. treatment治疗；B. food食物；C. weekend周末；D. comfort安慰。根据上文“With two broken legs, she was taken to a pet clinic ”可知，这只流浪狗沙维腿骨折被送去治疗。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：兽医在呼吁寻找能照顾莎维的人后，他找到了来探望莎维并照顾她恢复健康，努力恢复她的信心和力量的妮娜。A. collected收集；B. trained训练；C. walked散步；D. visited看望。根据下文“and nursed her back to health”可知，妮娜来照顾狗狗了，说明妮娜来看望这只流浪狗沙维。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：兽医在呼吁寻找能照顾莎维的人后，他找到了来探望莎维并照顾她恢复健康，努力恢复她的信心和力量的妮娜。 A. patience耐心； B. strength力量；C. growth成长；D. freedom自由。根据上文“working on regaining her confidence”可知，妮娜恢复流浪狗沙维的自信和力量。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于工作繁忙，妮娜不能收留莎维，而是在185英里外的俄罗斯边境给她找了个新家。A. friend朋友；B. toy玩具；C. home家园；D. cage笼子。根据上文“Nina couldn’t keep Shavi”可知，妮娜不能收养沙维，就帮它找了一个新家。故选C。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，仅仅几天之后，沙维就从那里消失了。A. recovered 恢复；B. suffered 遭受；C. wandered 徜徉；D. disappeared消失。根据上文“However，after just a few days”和下文“Realizing it was Shavi”可知，沙维来找妮娜了，however表示转折，找到新家，但是沙维消失不见了。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她意识到那是沙维时，她既震惊又兴奋。 A. annoyed 生气的；B. relaxed放松的；C. shocked惊讶的；D. worried担忧的。根据下文“and excited”以及“The dog had made the almost 200-mile journey back to the woman who had saved her life and legs.”可知，这只狗跑了近200英里，回到了救了她的命和腿的女人身边。妮娜看到沙维很惊讶。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：动物是世界上最忠诚、最可爱的伙伴。A. Humans人类；B. Volunteers志愿者；C. Animals动物；D. Drivers司机。根据下文“For every drop of human love, they 　　　　　9　　　 give all of theirs in return,”可知，动物是人类最忠诚的伙伴。故选C。
【9题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：对于人类的每一滴爱，它们都愿意付出它们所有的爱，这是我从个人经验中知道的。A. calmly冷静地；B. willingly 乐意地；C. bravely勇敢地；D. properly正确地。根据上文“The dog had made the almost 200-mile journey back to the woman who had saved her life and legs.”可知，妮娜从照顾流浪狗，流浪狗不远千里跑回感恩的经历悟出“对于人类的每一滴爱，它们都愿意付出它们所有的爱”这个道理。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“沙维对我来说就像个孩子。”妮娜说。 A. beggar乞丐；B. child孩子；C. leader领导；D. stranger陌生人。根据上文“ are the most loyal and loving companions in the world. ”可知，妮娜把沙维当做自己的孩子。故选B。
三、阅读理解(本大题共20小题，共30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1. 5分，共22. 5分)
A
New Jersey Botanical Garden Membership
It’s easy to join New Jersey Botanical Garden (NJBG) Membership or renew your membership online, by phone or by mail. And it’s so important to the Botanical Garden! Your membership dollars help to improve the Garden, and provide educational and recreational (娱乐的) activities for the general public. Thank you for your support!
To join or renew, please click on the appropriate section and membership category below for safe and convenient online payment processing by PayPal.
If you prefer to join by phone or mail, call the NJBG office at (973) 962-9534 or download and send in our membership brochure (Adobe Acrobat PDF file).
★Join NJBG Today
Membership Category
Individual
Dual (两人共用)
Student
Annual Dues
$35
$60
$25
Special: Save $5 with
Biennial Dues(两年会费)
$60
$100
$40

★Renew Your Membership
Membership Category
Individual
Dual
Student
Annual Dues
$30
$50
$25
Special: Save $5 with
Biennial Dues
$50
$80
$40
The Botanical Garden started life as Skylands, a large area in the grand manner. It is famous for a 44-room Tudor Revival granite mansion (公馆) designed by John Russell Pope. Skylands has 96 acres of formal and naturalized gardens and is surrounded by over 1,000 acres of meadows (草坪) and woodlands. Purchased by the State in 1966 and officially named as the New Jersey Botanical Garden in 1984, the gardens contain approximately 5,000 species and varieties of trees and flowers.
For you, the NJBG is an exciting and beautiful place to visit where you may enjoy each season’s best. Members enjoy special events, festivals, lectures, and rewarding educational opportunities for both city and country gardeners.
Your NJBG membership offers you discounts at participating nurseries, garden centers and other fine businesses. Simply present your NJBG membership card when beginning your purchase:
· Goffle Brook Farm and Garden Center, (201) 652-7540
10% off your purchase
· Metropolitan Plant Exchange, (973) 638-7613
12% off your purchase
· Rohsler’s Allendale Nursery & Florist, (201) 327-3156
15% off your purchase
11. The NJBG membership dollars can be used to ___________.
A. offer further education B. update online payment
C. provide better service D. protect the environment
12. To join NJBG membership, you can call its office at ___________.
A. (201) 327-3156 B. (201) 652-7540
C. (973) 962-9534 D. (973) 638-7613
13. To renew the one-year membership for your parents, you need to pay ___________.
A. $50 B. $60
C. $80 D. $100
14. New Jersey Botanical Garden ___________.
A. was officially named in 1966
B. was designed by John Russell Pope
C. invites members to organize activities
D. gives members discounts for their purchase
【答案】11. C 12. C 13. A 14. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一则广告，文章介绍了办理NJBG会员的费用、程序、联系方式和好处。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的Your membership dollars help to improve the Garden, and provide educational and recreational (娱乐的) activities for the general public.可知，你的会员美元有助于改善花园，并为公众提供教育和娱乐活动。由此可知，NJBG会员美元可以用来提供更好的服务。故C项正确。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段If you prefer to join by phone or mail, call the NJBG office at (973) 962-9534 or download and send in our membership brochure (Adobe Acrobat PDF file).可知，如果您想通过电话或邮件加入，请致电NJBG办公室(973)962-9534或下载并发送我们的会员手册（Adobe Acrobat PDF文件）。故C项正确。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据Renew Your Membership表格中Annual Dues一栏对应的Dual数值是$50可知，为父母续签一年的会员资格需要花费$50。故A项正确。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后部分中10% off your purchase，12% off your purchase和15% off your purchase可知，新泽西植物园在会员购买时能够打折。故D项正确。
【点睛】细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
1. 略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文是一篇广告，介绍了办理NJBG会员的费用、程序、联系方式和好处。
2. 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
3. 将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题4根据Purchased by the State in 1966 and officially named as the New Jersey Botanical Garden in 1984,可知，新泽西植物园被官方命名的时间是1984年，A项错误。根据It is famous for a 44-room Tudor Revival granite mansion (公馆) designed by John Russell Pope.可知，John Russell Pope设计的是Tudor Revival granite mansion不是新泽西植物园，B项错误。根据Members enjoy special events, festivals, lectures, and rewarding educational opportunities for both city and country gardeners可知，会员们可以在新泽西植物园参加活动，而不是组织活动。C项错误。根据最后部分中10% off your purchase，12% off your purchase和15% off your purchase可知，新泽西植物园在会员购买时能够打折，故D项正确。
B
I have a younger brother. To me, he is a fourteen-year-old kid named Joe, with blond hair and blue eyes. To others, he is different. Where I see a kid who just needs a lot more attention, others see a mentally disabled boy, a kid who cannot walk or talk or think for himself. I see someone who just makes daily routine a bit less routine. Others see an annoyance, I a bother.
This is not to say that I have never felt resentful (怨恨的) toward Joe. He is my brother, and with that comes responsibility. “Gina, could you stay in tonight and watch your brother?” “Gina, do me a favor and feed him dinner and change his diaper (尿布) later, please?” “Could you come home right after school today and get Joe off the bus?”
These are phrases that I have heard since I was twelve. And sure, they have made me resent my brother to a certain extent. I would think: that’s not fair! Everyone else can stay after and be a member of this club, or get extra help from that teacher. Or, all my friends are going out tonight, why can’t I? And, how come I have to feed him? He is not my son!
However, the small amount of resentment I feel toward my brother is erased a thousand times over by what I have learned from him. Besides making me responsible from a young age, and helping me be more accepting of all kinds of people, he has taught me to be thankful for what I have.
I know that there are moments in my life that I should cherish and that Joe will never experience. He will never laugh so hard that he cries. He will never feel the glory of a straight-A report card. He will never comfort a best friend crying on his shoulder. And he will never know how much his family love him.
Because he will never know, it is up to me to know, every second, how lucky I am. It is up to me to realize that life should be lived to its fullest, and that you should always, always be grateful that God, or whoever are the powers that be, gave you the ability to live your life the way you were meant to live it.
15. We know from the first paragraph that Gina’s brother __________.
A. causes trouble to neighbours B. pays more attention to others
C. lives with mental disability D. considers daily routine a bother
16. If Mother asks Gina to look after her brother now, what will she probably answer?
A. I'm afraid not. B. No problem!
C. It depends. D. It’s not fair!
17. The passage intends to tell us that we should _____________.
A. value the glory of success B. appreciate what life gives us
C. comfort unfortunate people D. treasure meaningful moments
【答案】15. C 16. B 17. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在本文中介绍了自己的弟弟Joe天生残疾，作者花很多时间和精力照顾他，弟弟让作者学会了责任，弟弟让作者学会了要对自己所拥有的事物心存感激之情。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Where I see a kid who just needs a lot more attention, others see a mentally disabled boy, a kid who cannot walk or talk or think for himself.(我看到的是一个需要更多关注的孩子，而其他人看到的是一个智障男孩，一个不能走路、说话或独立思考的孩子。)”可知，作者的弟弟是一个精神残疾的儿童。故选C项。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Besides making me responsible from a young age, and helping me be more accepting of all kinds of people, he has taught me to be thankful for what I have.(除了从小培养我的责任感，帮助我更能接受各种各样的人，他还教会我要对自己所拥有的一切心存感激。)”可知，Joe让作者学会了很多，那么可以推测出下次妈妈再让吉娜照顾他弟弟的时候，肯定不会推辞。故选B项。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is up to me to realize that life should be lived to its fullest, and that you should always, always be grateful that God, or whoever are the powers that be, gave you the ability to live your life the way you were meant to live it. ”（我应该意识到生活应该充实，你应该永远，永远感激上帝，或者任何有能力的人，赋予你能力，让你按照自己想要的方式生活。）以及全文内容可知，作者在本文中介绍了自己的弟弟Joe天生残疾，作者花很多时间和精力照顾他，弟弟让作者学会了责任，弟弟让作者学会了要对自己所拥有的事物心存感激之情。所以作者通过这篇文章要告诉我们要感激生活给与我们的一切。故选B项。
C
Does happiness have a scent?

When someone is happy, can you smell it?
You can usually tell when someone is happy based on seeing them smile, heating them laugh or perhaps from receiving a big hug. But can you also smell their happiness? Surprising new research suggests that happiness does indeed have a scent, and that the experience of happiness can be transmitted through smell, reports Phys.org.
For the study, 12 young men were shown videos meant to bring about a variety of emotions while researchers gathered sweat samples from them. All of the men were healthy and none of them were drug users or smokers, and all were asked to abstain from drinking or eating smelly foods during the study period.
Those sweat samples were then given to 36 equally healthy young women to smell, while researchers monitored their reactions. Only women were selected to smell the samples, apparently because previous research has shown that women have a better sense of smell than men and are also more sensitive to emotional signaling—though it's unclear why only men were chosen to produce the scents.
Researchers found that the behavior of the women after smelling the scents--particularly their facial expressions--indicated a relationship between the emotional states of the men who produced the sweat and the women who sniffed them.
"Human sweat produced when a person is happy brings about a state similar to happiness in somebody who breathes this smell," said study co-author Gun Semin, a professor at Koc University in Turkey.
This is a fascinating finding because it not only means that happiness does have a scent, but that the scent is capable of transmitting the emotion to others. The study also found that other emotions, such as fear, seem to carry a scent too. This ensures previous research suggesting that some negative emotions have a smell, but it is the first time this has proved to be true of positive feelings.
Researchers have yet to isolate(分离) exactly what the chemical compound for the happiness smell is, but you might imagine what the potential applications for such a finding could be. Happiness perfumes, for instance, could be invented. Scent therapies (香味疗法) could also be developed to help people through depression or anxiety.
Perhaps the most surprising result of the study, however, is our broadened understanding of how emotions get communicated, and also how our own emotions are potentially managed through our social context and the emotional states of those around us.
18. What is the main finding of the new research?
A. Men produce more sweats.
B. Negative emotions have a smell.
C. Pleasant feelings can be smelt out.
D Women have a better sense of smell.
19. The underlined part "abstain from" in Paragraph 3 probably means _______.
A avoid B. practice
C. continue D. try
20. What is the application value of the new research?
A. Perfumes could help people understand each other.
B. Some smells could be developed to better our mood.
C. Perfumes could be produced to cure physical diseases.
D. Some smells could be created to improve our appearance.
21. We can learn from the last paragraph that _______.
A. happiness comes from a scent of sweat
B. positive energy can deepen understanding
C. people need more emotional communication
D. social surroundings can influence our emotions
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. B 21. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。通过研究发现，快乐是能被闻出来的。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Surprising new research suggests that happiness does indeed have a scent, and that the experience of happiness can be transmitted through smell, reports Phys.org.”可知，令人惊讶的新研究表明，幸福确实有一种气味，幸福的体验可以通过气味来传递，报告说Phys.org网站。所以研究的发现是愉快的感觉能够被闻出来。故选C。
【19题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“All of the men were healthy and none of them were drug users or smokers”可知，所有的男性都很健康，没有一个是吸毒者或吸烟者。当时研究者是需要参加实验的人员不能喝酒和吃味道大的食物以免影响了研究的结果。所以划线词的意思是“避免”的意思。故选A。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第八段中的“Happiness perfumes，for instance，could be invented. Scent therapiescould also be developed to help people through depression or anxiety”可知，比如，可以发明幸福香水。气味疗法也可以用来帮助人们克服抑郁或焦虑。所以这个研究可以应用到香水的使用方面，所以新研究的应用价值是香水可以用来治疗身体疾病。故选B正确。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据对文章最后一段中“our own emotions are potentially managed through our social context and the emotional states of those around us” 我们自己的情绪是如何通过我们的社会环境和周围人的情绪状态来管理的。可推断社会的环境会影响到我们个人的情绪，故选D。

D
As the world’s population grows, farmers will need to produce more and more food. And large farms are increasingly using precision farming to increase yields (产量), reduce waste, and reduce the economic and security risks that inevitably accompany agricultural uncertainty.
Traditional farming relies on managing entire fields—making decisions related to planting, harvesting, irrigating, and applying pesticides and fertilizer (农药和化肥)—based on regional conditions and historical data. Precision farming, by contrast, combines sensors, robots, GPS, mapping tools and data-analytics software to customize（量身定制）the care that plants receive without increasing labor. Robot-mounted sensors and camera-equipped drones (无人机) wirelessly send images and data on individual plants to a computer, which looks for signs of health and stress. Farmers receive the feedback in real time and then deliver water, pesticide or fertilizer in adjusted doses（剂量）to only the areas that need it. The technology can also help farmers decide when to plant and harvest crops.
As a result, precision farming can improve time management, reduce water and chemical use, and produce healthier crops and higher yields—all of which benefit farmers’ bottom lines and conserve resources while reducing chemical runoff.
Many small businesses are developing new software, sensors, and other tools for precision farming, as are large companies such as Monsanto, John Deere, Bayer, Dow and DuPont. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration all support precision farming, and many colleges now offer course work on the topic.
In a related development, seed producers are applying technology to improve plant characteristics. By following individual plants over time and analyzing which ones flourish in different conditions, companies can relate the plants’ response to their environments with their genomics (基因组学). That information, in turn, allows the companies to produce seed varieties that will grow well in specific soil and weather conditions. This advanced technology may also help to improve crop nutrition.
Farmers do not universally welcome precision agriculture for various reasons, such as high equipment costs and lack of access to the Internet. The technology may bring great challenges to experienced farmers who are not good at computers. And large systems will also be beyond the reach of many small farming operations in developing nations. But less expensive, simpler systems could potentially be applied. For others, though, cost savings in the long run may reduce the financial concerns. And however reticent some farmers may be to adopt new technology, the next generation of farmers are likely to warm to the approach.
22. Precision farming differs from traditional farming partly because it ________.
A. guarantees high yields with more labor
B. relies on regional conditions and historical data
C. offers plenty of water, pesticides and fertilizer
D. provides real time information about target crops
23. About precision farming, we can learn that________.
A. the government holds a cautious attitude
B. it draws positive responses from businesses
C. seed producers have already made huge profits
D. large systems will soon be built in developing nations
24. The underlined word “reticent” in the last paragraph probably means ________.
A. disappointed B. confused
C. unwilling D. shocked
25. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Precision Farming Increases Crop Yields
B. More Challenges Faced by Modern Farmers
C Development of Farming Systems in the U.S.
D. Traditional Farming is Gradually Disappearing
【答案】22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们说明了精准农业提高产量，减少浪费，降低伴随着农业不确定性不可避免地的经济和安全风险。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Traditional farming relies on managing entire fields—making decisions related to planting, harvesting, irrigating, and applying pesticides and fertilizer (农药和化肥)—based on regional conditions and historical data.”（传统农业依赖于对整个农田的管理——根据地区条件和历史数据作出与种植、收获、灌溉和施用农药和化肥有关的决策。）；根据文章第三段“Precision farming, by contrast, combines sensors, robots, GPS, mapping tools and data-analytics software to customize（量身定制）the care that plants receive without increasing labor.”（相比之下，精准农业结合了传感器、机器人、GPS、地图工具和数据分析软件，在不增加劳动力的情况下量身定制植物所接受的照料。）通过对比可知，精准农业不同于传统农业的部分原因在于它利用科技，实时获取目标作物的信息，量身定制植物所接受的照料。故选D项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Many small businesses are developing new software, sensors, and other tools for precision farming, as are large companies such as Monsanto, John Deere, Bayer, Dow and DuPont. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration all support precision farming, and many colleges now offer course work on the topic.”（许多小企业正在开发新的软件、传感器和其他用于精确农业的工具，像孟山都、约翰迪尔、拜耳、陶氏化学和杜邦等大公司也是如此。美国农业部、美国国家航空航天局和美国国家海洋和大气管理局都支持精准农业，现在许多大学都开设了这方面的课程。）市场上很多公司在开发应用于精准农业的软件和工具，从他们的反映和行动来看，精准农业得到了商业的积极响应。故选B项。
【24题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“Farmers do not universally welcome precision agriculture for various reasons, such as high equipment costs and lack of access to the Internet. The technology may bring great challenges to experienced farmers who are not good at computers.”（由于设备成本高、无法上网等原因，农民并不普遍欢迎精准农业。该技术可能会给不擅长计算机的有经验的农民带来巨大的挑战。）可知目前大多数农民是不喜欢精准农业的；根据文章“And however reticent some farmers may be to adopt new technology, the next generation of farmers are likely to warm to the approach.”（尽管有些农民可能会reticent采用新技术,下一代农民可能会倾向于采取这种做法。）由however“尽管”和the next generation of farmers are likely to warm to the approach“下一代农民可能会倾向于采取这种做法”可知however后面表示的是与“the next generation of farmers are likely to warm to the approach（下一代农民可能会倾向于采取这种做法）”相反的事情，即有些农民可能会不愿意采用新技术，这个与本段前面所说的“Farmers do not universally welcome precision agriculture”（农民并不普遍欢迎精准农业）相吻合。即可推知reticent意为“不愿意”。故选C项。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“And large farms are increasingly using precision farming to increase yields (产量), reduce waste, and reduce the economic and security risks that inevitably accompany agricultural uncertainty.”（大型农场越来越多地使用精准农业来提高产量，减少浪费，降低伴随着农业不确定性的不可避免地经济和安全风险。）可知文章开头提出精准农业提高产量，减少浪费和降低经济和安全风险这样一个观点，文章后面段落一直在围绕这个观点说明其原理。故A选项“Precision Farming Increases Crop Yields”（精准农业增加作物产量）可作为文章标题，故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题1. 5分，共7. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。
Healthy See, Healthy Do
Visit the grocery store on an empty stomach, and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy. But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases. The location of store displays (摆放) also influences our shopping choices.___26___
The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food. Studies have found that the products most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks.___27___ A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves, for example. In 2014 Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also found that replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area significantly increased last-minute sales of healthier foods.
___28___ It has been working with more than 1,000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods. “We know that the stores are full of cues (暗示) meant to encourage consumption,” says Tamar Adjoian, a research scientist at the department, “Making healthy foods more convenient or appealing can lead to increased sales of those products.”
Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their city’s crowded urban checkout areas, so they selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study. ___29___ Then they recorded purchases over six three-hour periods in each store for two weeks.
Of the more than 2,100 shoppers they observed, just 4 percent bought anything from the checkout area. Among those who did, however, customers in the healthy lines purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines.___30___ The findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.
The potential influence may seem small, but Adjoian believes that changing more checkout lines would open customers’ eyes to nutritious, lower-calorie foods. Health department officials are now exploring ways to expand healthy options at checkout counters throughout New York City.
A. These foods give people more energy.
B. They bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often.
C. And it may make or break some healthy eating habits.
D. The supermarkets began to offer nutritious, lower-calorie foods.
E. These findings caught the attention of New York City Department of Health.
F. They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter.
G. And a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier options can change customer behavior.
【答案】26. C 27. G 28. E 29. F 30. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章用几个实验向我们证明了商店里商品的摆放位置，特别是结账处附近的商品摆放会影响我们购物的选择。所以健康部门和专家都呼吁将健康食品放在这些地方，提高大家对健康食品的关注度。
【26题详解】
空格位于首段最后一句。空格前一句句意为：店内商品的摆放位置也会影响购物的选择。选项C中的it与上句话中的“The location”可形成指代关系，并且“make or break some healthy eating habits”与文章主题（Healthy See, Healthy Do看到的健康的，买的就是健康的）呼应。故选C。
【27题详解】
空格位于段中。空格前句意为：结账处摆放的商品经常是糖或者咸的零食。空格后的两个举例都是强调如果购物者看到的经常是健康食品的话，他们会更多的选择健康食品。由此可推知，空格处应该是强调换一下摆放在结账处的食品的重要性。选项G中的“simply swapping in healthier options can change customer behavior（简单地将垃圾食品换成健康一点的食品能改变顾客的购物行为）”与这一语境呼应，起到承上启下的作用。故选G。
【28题详解】
空格位于段首。由本段中的“a research scientist at the department”可知，前边应该出现过department，选项E中的“Department of Health”与之呼应。故选E。
【29题详解】
空格位于段中。分析文章结构，第四段和第五段主要讲述Adjoian和她同事们做的试验。空格前句意为：为了证明把健康食品放在收银处，是不是影响拥挤的市区内的顾客的购买行为，他们选择了三家超市。空格后句意为：他们连续三周每天分六次每次三小时记录购买情况。可以推知，中间一句话应该是实验的设置方式。选项F中的“They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter（他们把收银处附近的糖和饼干换成了水果和坚果）”与这个试验的目的一致。故选F。
【30题详解】
空格位于段中。这一段讲述Adjoian和她同事们做的试验的结果。由空格后的these findings可知，前边至少有两项发现。空格前句意为：在那些在收银处买了东西的人当中，站在健康食品队列的人比站在不健康食品队列的人买了多于两倍的东西。这是一个发现，选项B中的“They bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often.（他们买不健康食品的概率也降低了40%。）”与上一句句式接近，并且表达的是与上一句意思一致的一个发现，又与下句中的“these findings”呼应。故选B。
【点睛】七选五题目主要考查学生综合的英语逻辑思维能力。一篇好的短文，不仅在内容上要前后一致，而且还要语篇结构清晰，上下文逻辑意义严谨。内容的前后一致体现在段内及语篇内话题的自然过渡。语篇结构主要体现为：文章是总分结构，还是按时间或空间顺序发展的，还是辩证三段论的编排的。逻辑意义的严谨最主要的可以通过代词、连词和副词等形式来体现。例如本文中的第一题、第四题要分别借助于篇章结构和段落结构解题。第二题依据段落内空格前后语义之间的关系解题，第三题和第五题依据词汇呼应解题。这篇七选五是比较难的题目，大家要着重分析文章和段落的结构。具体解题过程看详解。
四、词汇选择(本大题共15小题，共15分)
31. We read the report ________ but couldn’t find the information anywhere.
A. literally B. slightly C. thoroughly D. periodically
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们把报告看得很透彻，但到处都找不到相关信息。A. literally按照字面意义地；B. slightly稍微；C. thoroughly彻底地；D. periodically定期地。由“but couldn’t find the information anywhere”可知，句子表示“我们把报告看得很透彻，但到处都找不到相关信息”，空格处意为“彻底地”，故选C。
32. Adding some colors and visual aids to the teaching can help teachers ________ students' passion for learning.
A. automate B. estimate C. situate D. stimulate
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在教学中添加一些颜色和视觉辅助可以帮助教师激励学生的学习激情。A.automate使自动化；B.estimate估计；C.situate使位于；D.stimulate激励。由下文的“students' passion for learning”可知，此处表示激励学生的学习激情。故选D。
33. The television station has received several ________ from viewers asking for a repeat of the classic TV series.
A. facilities B. inquires C. components D. supplies
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：电视台收到了几个观众的询问，要求重播这部经典电视剧。A. facilities设施；B. inquires询问；C. components零件；D. supplies供应物。由语意可知，观众要求重播这部电视剧，因此可知，电视台收到了一些观众的询问。故选B项。
34. To lead a green life, remember not to leave the light on when you go out. Additionally, LED lights can be a better choice as they ________ very less power.
A. consume B. assume C. resolve D. converse
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：过绿色生活，出门时记得不要忘了关灯。此外，LED灯可以是一个更好的选择，因为它们消耗非常少的电力。A. consume消耗；B. assume假设；C. resolve决定；D. converse对话。根据后文“very less power”指消耗电力，应用consume。故选A。
35. After several discussions, the team reached an agreement to ________ with the traditional route in case of unexpected dangers.
A. postpone B. possess C. proceed D. process
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几次讨论，团队达成协议，在出现意外危险的情况下继续走传统路线。A. postpone推迟，延期；B. possess拥有，具有；C. proceed继续，接着做；D. process加工。由语意可知，此处指“继续走传统路线”， proceed with sth.意为“继续进行……”，故选C项。
36. All entrances to the national park are ________ closed due to the dangerous flooding caused by the recent heavy rain.
A. annually B. gradually C. initially D. temporarily
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于近期的暴雨引发了危险的洪水，国家公园的所有入口暂时关闭。A. annually每年；B. gradually逐渐地；C. initially开始；D. temporarily暂时地。根据后文“due to the dangerous flooding caused by the recent heavy rain”指公园入口因为洪水暂时关闭。故选D。
37. The ________ feature of his paintings is the use of vivid colors which express strong emotions and add a feeling of movement to his works.
A. contemporary B. resourceful C. internal D. dominant
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的绘画的主要特点是使用生动的色彩，表达强烈的情感，并为他的作品增添动感。A. contemporary当代的；B. resourceful足智多谋的；C. internal内部的；D. dominant 显著的。根据空后“feature of his paintings”可知，本句话主要描述了她的绘画的显著特点。dominant “显著的”，符合语境。故选D。
38. For those who have gone through hunger, they see Yuan Longping as a hero who solved the problem of food ________.
A. formation B. shortage C. ignorance D. expertise
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些经历过饥饿的人来说，他们将袁隆平视为解决了粮食短缺问题的英雄。A. formation形成；B. shortage短缺；C. ignorance无知；D. expertise专门技能。由语意可知，那些经历过饥饿的人之所以将袁隆平视为英雄，那是因为袁隆平解决了粮食短缺的问题。故选B项。
39. ________ snow is widely used to replace natural snow at the ski resorts so that visitors can access winter sports, round the year.
A. Substantial B. Virtual C. Artificial D. Multiple
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人造雪被广泛用于替代滑雪场的天然雪，这样游客可以全年参加冬季运动。A. Substantial结实的；B. Virtual虚拟的；C. Artificial人造的；D. Multiple数量多的。根据“replace natural snow”可知，在滑雪场，人们用人造雪来代词天然雪，这样游客可以全年参加冬季运动。artificial“人造的”，符合语境。故选C。
40. The praise and admiration Sophia received after her first public performance in the hall ________ her self-confidence.
A. reflected B. represented C. bounced D. boosted
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：索菲亚在大厅首次公开演出后获得的赞扬和钦佩增强了她的自信。A. reflected反映；B. represented代表；C. bounced反弹；D. boosted增强。根据“The praise and admiration Sophia received after her first public performance in the hall”可知，索菲亚在公演中得到的赞扬和钦佩增强了她的自信。boost“增强”，符合语境。故选D。
41. Everyone ________ difficulties with academic work at one time or another, and overcoming these challenges is a vital part of learning as well.
A. encounters B. survives C. defeats D. registers
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人在学术工作中都会遇到困难，克服这些挑战也是学习的重要组成部分。A. encounters遇到，遭遇；B. survives幸存；C. defeats打败，战胜；D. registers登记，注册。由语意可知，空格处指“遇到困难”，然后才会克服这些困难。故选A项。
42. Many industries that ________ years ago are facing serious problems as a result of global financial crisis.
A. distributed B. flourished C. declined D. transformed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于全球金融危机，许多多年前蓬勃发展的行业正面临严重问题。A. distributed分发；B. flourished蓬勃发展；C. declined下降；D. transformed使转化。由“years ago are facing serious problems as a result of global financial crisis”可知，句子表示“由于全球金融危机，许多多年前蓬勃发展的行业正面临严重问题”，空格处意为“蓬勃发展”，故选B。
43. The new device allows family members or doctors to ________ monitor the patients.
A. increasingly B. narrowly C. similarly D. remotely
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：新设备允许家庭成员或医生远程监控患者。A. increasingly 越来越多地；B. narrowly狭隘地；C. similarly类似地；D. remotely远程地。根据“The new device”可知，新设备可以让医生远程监控患者。remotely“远程地”，符合语境。故选D。
44. In the last part of this movie, the man gives an inspirational speech about the pursuit of happiness, leading to a(n) ________ ending.
A. striking B. willing C. uplifting D. frustrating
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这部电影的最后一部分，这位男士发表了一篇鼓舞人心的演讲，讲述了对幸福的追求，并以令人振奋的结局收场。A. striking惊人的；B. willing乐意的；C. uplifting令人振奋的；D. frustrating令人沮丧的。根据“the man gives an inspirational speech”可知，这位男士发表了一篇鼓舞人心的演讲，讲述了对幸福的追求，并以令人振奋的结局收场。uplifting“令人振奋的”，符合语境。故选C。
45. Part of Beijing Subway Line 19 has already been put into operation, and the government has ________ that four more stations on this line will open within 2022.
A. defined B. disarmed C. declared D. demanded
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：北京地铁19号线的一部分已经投入运营，政府宣布该线将在2022年内再开通四个车站。A. defined定义；B. disarmed解除武装；C. declared宣布；D. demanded要求。根据空前“the government”可知，政府宣布在2022年内再开通四个北京地铁19号线的车站。declare“宣布”，符合语境。故选C。
第II卷
五、单词拼写(本大题共10小题，共10分)
汉译英
46. 雕塑，雕刻n. s________
47. 内科医生n. p________
48. 工程师，设计师n. e________
49. 垃圾n. g________
50. 宇航员，航天员n. a________
51. 液体n. l________
52. 执照，许可n. l________
53. 埃及的adj. 埃及人n. E________
54. 南方的，南部的adj. s________
55. 全球的adj. g________
【答案】46. sculpture
47. physician
48. engineer
49. garbage
50. astronaut
51. liquid 52. license
53. Egyptian
54. southern
55. global
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查名词。sculpture意“雕塑，雕刻”。故填sculpture。
【47题详解】
考查名词。physician意为“内科医生”。故填physician。
【48题详解】
考查名词。engineer意为“工程师，设计师”。故填engineer。
【49题详解】
考查名词。garbage意为“垃圾”。故填garbage。
【50题详解】
考查名词。astronaut意为“宇航员，航天员”。故填astronaut。
【51题详解】
考查名词。liquid意为“液体”。故填liquid。
【52题详解】
考查名词。license意为“执照，许可”。故填license。
【53题详解】
考查名词。Egyptian意为“埃及的，埃及人”。故填Egyptian。
【54题详解】
考查形容词。southern意为“南方的，南部的”。故填southern。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。global意为“全球的”。故填global。
六、短语拼写(本大题共10小题，共20分)
汉译英
56. 申请理想的大学 ________
57. 强调词汇的重要性 ________
58. 发短信 ________
59. 咨询心理学家 ________
60. 环境问题的解决方法 ________
61. 面对强劲的竞争对手 ________
62. 养成阅读的习惯 ________
63. 享受公共交通的好处 ________
64. 与自然和谐共处 ________
65. 具备良好的沟通技巧 ________
【答案】56. apply for the dream/ideal university
57. stress/emphasize the importance of vocabulary/lay emphasis on vocabulary
58. send text messages
59. consult a psychologist
60. the solution to environmental problems
61. face strong competitors
62. develop/form the habit of reading/make reading a habit
63. enjoy the benefits of public transport
64. live in harmony with nature
65. have/be equipped with great/good communication skills
【解析】
【56题详解】
申请理想的大学，“申请”apply for，“理想的” dream或者ideal，“大学”university。故答案填apply for the dream/ideal university
【57题详解】
强调词汇的重要性，“强调”stress，emphasize， “…的重要性”the importance of，“词汇”vocabulary。该短语还可用英文表达lay emphasis on vocabulary。故答案填stress/emphasize/lay emphasis on the importance of vocabulary。
【58题详解】
发短信，“发送”send，“短信”text messages。故答案填send text messages。
【59题详解】
咨询心理学家，“咨询”consult，“心里学家”psychologist。故答案填consult a psychologist。
【60题详解】
环境问题的解决方法，“…的解决办法” the solution to，“环境问题”environmental problems。故答案填the solution to environmental problems。
【61题详解】
面对强劲的竞争对手，“面对”face，“强劲的竞争对手” strong competitors。故答案填face strong competitors。
【62题详解】
养成阅读的习惯。“养成…的习惯” develop或者form the habit of…，“阅读”reading。或者该短语可用英文表达make reading a habit。故答案填develop/form the habit of reading/make reading a habit。
63题详解】
享受公共交通的好处，“享受”enjoy，“…的好处”the benefits of，“公共交通”public transport。故答案填enjoy the benefits of public transport。
【64题详解】
与自然和谐共处，“和…和谐共处”live in harmony with，“自然”nature。故答案填live in harmony with nature。
【65题详解】
具备良好的沟通技巧，“具有”have或者be equipped with，“良好的”good或者great,“沟通技巧”communication skills。故答案填have/be equipped with great/good communication skills。
七、选词填空：(本大题共5小题，共10分)
根据语境选择词语，并用其恰当形式填空，每个词仅使用一次。
shape, reward, course, function, channel, highlight, absorb

66. There is no denying that every individual will experience happiness and sorrow in the ________ of their long life.
67. No one can ignore the great influence social media has in ________ the public opinions.
68. Teachers use different methods to help students ________ what they learn.
69. It is of significance to have a balanced diet; otherwise, our body cannot ________ normally.
70. Art and music are great ________ for people to express their ideas and emotions.
【答案】66. course
67. shaping
68. (to) absorb
69. function
70. channels
【解析】
【66题详解】
考查名词。句意：不可否认，每个人都会在漫长的一生中经历快乐和悲伤。表示在漫长一生中， in the course of 是固定搭配，表示“在……进程中”故填course。
【67题详解】
考查动名词。句意：没有人能忽视社交媒体在塑造公众舆论方面的巨大影响。介词后用动名词，作宾语，社交媒体塑造舆论，可知，空处缺少“塑造”。故填shaping。
【68题详解】
考查名词。句意：不可否认，教师使用不同的方法来帮助学生吸收他们所学的知识。老师使用不同的方法目的是让学生吸收知识。可知，空处缺少动词“吸收”，help somebody do/to do，故填(to) absorb。
【69题详解】
考查名词。句意：均衡饮食是很重要的；否则，我们的身体就不能正常工作。 情态动词后用动词原形，otherwise表示转折，没有平衡饮食，身体运转就不正常，可知，空处缺少动词“运转、工作”，故填function。
【70题详解】
考查名词。句意：艺术和音乐是人们表达思想和情感的很好的渠道。艺术和音乐为人们达思想和情感提供渠道。可知，空处缺少名词“渠道”，名词作表语，主语是Art and music，表语用名词复数形式。故填channels。
八、语法填空(本大题共10小题，共10分)
阅读下列句子或短文，根据所给内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
第一节 单句填空
71. Everyone has areas ________ they lack competence. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：每个人都有自己缺乏能力的领域。分析句子可知，此处考查引导定语从句的关系词，指代先行词areas，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
72. Think about ________ you want to take notes by hand or with a computer. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whether
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：考虑一下你是想用手记笔记还是用电脑记笔记。分析可知，空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，由“by hand or with a computer”可知，句子表示“考虑一下你是想用手记笔记还是用电脑记笔记”，空格处是“是否”，由后面的or可知，空格处用whether，whether...or...意为“是……还是……”，故填whether。
73. An ancient legend says that a disaster will attack this place ________ there's a full moon. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：一个古老的传说说，当满月来临时，一场灾难将袭击这个地方。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用when。故填when。
74. The Great Court’s ceiling, in the middle of the museum, is a dome composed of 3,212 pieces of glass, none of ________ are alike. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：位于博物馆中央的大院天花板是一个由3212块玻璃组成的圆顶，这些玻璃都不一样。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词glass。先行词指物，在定语从句中作of的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
75. Mary told a totally different version of the story from ________ her husband told. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：玛丽讲的故事与她丈夫讲的完全不同。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句。宾语从句中缺少宾语，根据句意可知，玛丽讲的故事与她丈夫讲的“故事”不同，所以用what引导。故填what。
76. The country ________ (tear) apart since the war broke out. People are trying to rebuild their homes. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】has been torn
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：自从战争爆发以来，这个国家已四分五裂。人们正在努力重建家园。分析句子结构可知，空处为该句子的谓语动词。根据“since the war broke out”可知，该句的时态为现在完成时态，主语和谓语动词之间为被动关系。综上所述，句子需要现在完成时态的被动语态，主语the country，为第三人称单数形式。故填has been torn。
第二节 语篇填空
语法填空。
Since Chinese archaeologists (考古学家) discovered two deep holes in Guanghan, Sichuan in 1986, and ____77____ (dig) thousands of precious cultural relics with a history of about 3000 years, the Sanxingdui site has always been a ____78____ (mystery) existence. As the largest and best-preserved pre-Qin site in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China, the Sanxingdui site is an important evidence for ____79____ (study) the Chinese civilization. This year, the six newly discovered holes ____80____ (expect) to further reveal the origin and formation process of Chinese civilization.
【答案】77. dug
78. mysterious
79. studying
80. are expected
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了三星堆遗址是中国长江上游规模最大、保存最完好的先秦遗址，是研究中华文明的重要证据。今年，新发现的6个孔洞有望进一步揭示中国文明的起源和形成过程。
【77题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：自从中国考古学家1986年在四川广汉发现了两个深洞，并挖掘了数千件珍贵的文物，距今约3000年的历史以来，三星堆遗址一直是一个神秘的存在。在since引导的状语从句中，in1986是表示过去的时间状语，and并列前后两个谓语动词，都是用一般过去时。故填dug。
【78题详解】
考查形容词。句意：自从中国考古学家1986年在四川广汉发现了两个深洞，并挖掘了数千件珍贵的文物，距今约3000年的历史以来，三星堆遗址一直是一个神秘的存在。形容词修饰名词existence，作定语。故填mysterious。
【79题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：三星堆遗址是中国长江上游规模最大、保存最完好的先秦遗址，是研究中华文明的重要证据。介词后用动名词形式作宾语。故填studying。
【80题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：今年，新发现的6个孔洞有望进一步揭示中国文明的起源和形成过程。时间状语This year，用一般现在时。孔洞和希望是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are expected。
九、补全句子：请根据括号中所给中文提示填空，注意使用恰当形式。(本大题共4小题，每空2分，共10分)
81. Every drop of water is precious. ________ when you brush your teeth. (不要让水龙头一直开着) （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】Do not leave the tap running
【解析】
【详解】考查祈使句和现在分词作宾语补足语。表示“让……一直做……”应用leave sth. doing sth.结构，现在分词作宾语补足语；表示“水龙头”应用名词tap。分析句子可知，本句为祈使句。故答案为：Do not leave the tap running。
82. A lifelong lesson Sophia and Lulu have learned from Amy's tiger parenting is ________. (充实地过每一天) （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】every day of their life to the fullest##to live life to the fullest
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：索菲亚和露露从艾米为老虎式教养中的经历中学到了一个终生的教训，那就是充分地生活。根据汉语提示“充实地过每一天”可知短语为every day of their life to the fullest或to live life to the fullest，为不定式作表语，说明主语的内容，故填every day of their life to the fullest/to live life to the fullest。
83. As the music band came back to the stage, ________. (观众们兴奋地鼓掌、挥舞手臂) （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】the audience applauded and waved their arms with excitement/excitedly
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当乐队回到舞台上时，观众们兴奋地鼓掌挥手。分析句子结构可知，as引导了时间状语从句，空处为主句部分。主句的主语为the audience“观众”，“鼓掌”用动词applaud，“挥舞手臂”可以翻译为wave their arms。根据时间状语从句中的 came可知，句子时态为一般过去时。“兴奋地”用介词短语with excitement或者副词excitedly，在句中作状语。故填the audience applauded and waved their arms with excitement/excitedly.
84. 我想向那些为我们的生活带来巨大改变的人表达感谢。
I would like to ________ those ________.
【答案】 ①. express/show my gratitude/thanks to ②. who make a big/huge difference/bring great changes in/to our lives.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和定语从句。根据句意可知，第一空填“向……表达感谢”，英文表达为express /show one’ s gratitude/thanks to，空前为动词不定式符号to，动词用原形；第二个空为定语从句修饰先行词those，指代“那些人”，先行词在定语从句中作主语，所以用who引导。make a big/huge difference或者bring great changes in/to our lives“给我们的生活带来巨大的改变”。定语从句为一般现在时态，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填①express/show my gratitude/thanks to②who make a big/huge difference/bring great changes in/to our lives.
十、作文(本大题共l题，共15分)
85. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在北京留学，暑假将至，你想邀请他一起去看一个展览。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 展览相关信息(时间、地点、内容等)；
2. 邀请他去看该展览的理由。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】 Summer vacation is coming. I would like to invite you to visit the Chinese painting exhibition, which will be held from the second to eighth of August in the Art Museum in our city.
A lot of famous Chinese traditional painting by top artists will be exhibited there. Additionally, you can see some famous painters drawing Chinese paintings on the spot,which I think, will certainly attract the visitors eyes. I think you can learn more about traditional culture through this exhibition and further enhance your understanding of China.
Would you like to go to the exhibition with on the second of August? I’m looking forward to your reply.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友写一封邮件，邀请他去参观展览。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要做某事：would like to do sth.→want to do sth.
展览：exhibit→display
除此之外：additionally→besides
增强：enhance→improve
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：A lot of famous Chinese traditional painting by top artists will be exhibited there.
拓展句：A lot of famous Chinese traditional painting by top artists will be exhibited there, which will let us understand the characteristics of Chinese painting.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 I would like to invite you to visit the Chinese painting exhibition, which will be held from the second to eighth of August in the Art Museum in our city.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Additionally, you can see some famous painters drawing Chinese paintings on the spot,which I think, will certainly attract the visitors eyes. （运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 CCACA 6-10 BBCBC 11-15 AABBA 16. schedule 17. afford 18. price 19. location 20. phone