湖南省岳阳市三年(2020-2022)中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-02完形填空
展开湖南省岳阳市三年(2020-2022)中考英语真题分题型分层汇编
02完形填空
一、完形填空
(2022·湖南岳阳)
FIFA World Cup is one of the biggest sports events in the world. It ___1___ every 4 years. The first World Cup was in 1930. It has a history of over 90 years. During the World Cup, ___2___ fans watch the games and cheer for their favorite teams or players. We have known some famous football players from the football competitions, such as Beckham, Messi, and Figo. They have excited football fans for many years. The World Cup __3___ the best chances for football players around the world. The winners can get not only ___4___ but also respect(尊重).
The 2022 World Cup will start on November 21st and ___5___ on December 18th. The competition is going to last(持续)___6___ days. To avoid the high ___7___ in Qatar(卡塔尔), the games will come in winter ___8___ summer. Gianni Infantino, FIFA’s president(国际足联主席)said, “This is a good decision, the ___9___ temperature in Qatar is up to 45℃. It’s too hot for players to compete.” The true spirit of the 2022 World Cup is “Where there is life, there is struggle(奋斗).” It’s sure that every football player will try ____10____ best to achieve their goals.
If you have time, if you love soccer, why not come to Qatar to enjoy the exciting football event?
1.A.takes off B.takes a walk C.takes place
2.A.few B.little C.quite a few
3.A.has agreed B.has refused C.has provided
4.A.silence B.honor C.mistakes
5.A.end B.begin C.cross
6.A.8 B.18 C.28
7.A.price B.heat C.speed
8.A.instead of B.in total C.in front of
9.A.deepest B.highest C.widest
10.A.their B.theirs C.them
(2021·湖南岳阳)
We all need food. But when you can’t finish your meal, how do you ____11____ ? You might think that wasting ____12____ food isn’t a big deal. The truth is that people in China waste 35 million tons of food each year. It’s nearly one third of food waste in the world. As we all know, food waste becomes a ____13___ problem in China.
In order to ____14____ food waste, the government has started the “Clean Plate Campaign (运动)”. Especially in restaurants, we can see ____15____ of the “Clean Plate” on the wall. Many restaurants remind their customers that they shouldn’t ____16____ too much food. According to the law passed in April, 2021, if the restaurants always mislead (误导)customers to order too many dishes, they will face a fine (罚款). Restaurants in Wuhan have begun the N-l system, which means groups of customers are supposed to order one fewer dish than the number of people in the group. For example, a group of 7 people can order ____17____ dishes at most. Most restaurants provide customers with free packing boxes (打包盒), and customers can use ____18____ to take the leftovers (剩饭剩菜)home.
Today, more and more people start to realize the importance of ____19____ food. Everyone should play a part in the “Clean Plate Campaign” and say ___20____ to food waste.
11.A.smell B.taste C.feel
12.A.a little B.too many C.much too
13.A.different B.serious C.safe
14.A.cut up B.cut down C.cut into
15.A.signs B.clocks C.tickets
16.A.mix B.cook C.order
17.A.6 B.7 C.8
18.A.them B.us C.you
19.A.wasting B.saving C.eating
20.A.yes B.no C.sorry
(2020·湖南岳阳)Many people are playing a role in saving the earth on Earth Day. Earth Day is on April 22nd. Lots of people all over the world try to do something ___21___ on this day. In China, people expected to keep lights off for one hour at night. People don’t use ___22___ in Italy. People dress up like ___23__ and animals to dance in Times Square, New York(纽约时代广场). On that day, people can see many posters about protecting ___24___ animals in Canada and Norway (挪威). After reading them, people are supposed to avoid ___25___ things made of animals, such as ivory and shark fin.
The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) has made a list of ___26___ things that each person can do to save the environment.
☆___27___ the lights when you leave a room.
☆Don’t leave the tap(水笼头)running.
☆No turning on your computer every night.
☆Wash your clothes in warm or ___28___ water, not hot water.
☆Use as little water as you can when you do the dishes.
Some environmental protection groups believe that humans will __29___ the true spirit of Earth Day and try _____30____ best to protect the earth. Small actions can make a difference and lead to a better future.
21.A.harmful B.green C.bad
22.A.recycling books B.reusable bags C.plastic bags
23.A.plants B.emperors C.trucks
24.A.delicious B.wild C.magic
25.A.building B.buying C.improving
26.A.three B.four C.five
27.A.Turn on B.Turn off C.Turn up
28.A.cold B.dirty C.dangerous
29.A.change B.finish C.understand
30.A.its B.their C.his
参考答案:
1.C
2.C
3.C
4.B
5.A
6.C
7.B
8.A
9.B
10.A
【解析】
【导语】
本文讲述世界杯是全世界足球运动员获得荣誉和尊重的最好机会,讲述2022年卡塔尔在冬季举办世界杯的原因。
1.句意:它每四年举行一次。
takes off脱掉,起飞;takes a walk散步;takes place发生,举行。“it”指的是“FIFA World Cup”。根据“every 4 years”可知句子表达的是世界杯举办的时间,用动词短语“takes place”。故选C。
2.句意:世界杯期间,相当多的粉丝看比赛,为他们最爱的队或队员欢呼。
few几乎没,接可数名词;little几乎没,接不可数名词;quite a few相当多。“fans”是可数名词的复数形式。根据“watch the games and cheer for their favorite teams or players”及“They have excited football fans for many years”可知,句子表达粉丝有很多,用短语“quite a few”。故选C。
3.句意:世界杯为全世界的足球运动员提供最好的机会。
has agreed同意;has refused拒绝;has provided提供。根据“the best chances for football players”,可知句子用“provide sth. for sb.”,表达“为某位提供某物”。故选C。
4.句意:获胜者不仅获得荣誉还获得尊重。
silence安静;honor荣誉;mistakes错误。根据“The winners”及“but also respect”可知,句子表达不但有荣誉还有尊重,用名词“honor”。故选B。
5.句意:2022年世界杯将在11月21日开始,12月18日结束。
end结束;begin开始;cross穿过。根据“start on November 21st and”可知,句子表达结束的时间,用动词“end”。故选A。
6.句意:比赛将持续28天。
8八;18十八;28二十八。根据“start on November 21st and”及“on December 18th”可知,从11月21日到12月18日,共28天。故选C。
7.句意:为了避免卡塔尔的高温,比赛将在冬天而不是夏天举行。
price价格;heat热量;speed速度。根据“the games will come in winter”可知,句子表达避免高温,用名词“heat”。故选B。
8.句意:为了避免卡塔尔的高温,比赛将在冬天而不是夏天举行。
instead of而不是;in total总共;in front of在某物前面。根据“To avoid”,“the games will come in winter”及“summer”,可知句子否定后面,表达“而不是夏天”,用“instead of”。故选A。
9.句意:这是一个很好地决定,因为卡塔尔的温度高达45摄氏度。
deepest最深;highest最高;widest最宽。根据“temperature in Qatar is up to 45℃”可知,句子表达最高温,用形容词最高级“highest”。故选B。
10.句意:每个足球运动员会尽他们最大努力来实现他们的目标,这一点是很确定的。
their他们的;theirs他们的东西;them他们。句子用短语“try one’s best to do”表达“尽某人最大的努力”。表达“他们的”用“their”。故选A。
11.C
12.A
13.B
14.B
15.A
16.C
17.A
18.A
19.B
20.B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文,向我们介绍食物浪费的现状,呼吁我们参加“光盘行动”,节约粮食,对浪费说“不”。
11.句意:但是当你不能吃完饭的时候,你会有什么感觉?
smell闻;taste品尝;feel感觉。分析“But when you can’t finish your meal, how do you…?”可知,此处指吃不完食物的感受,故选C。
12.句意:你可能认为浪费一点食物没什么大不了的。
a little一点;too many太多;much too太。根据“You might think that wasting…food isn’t a big deal.”可知,此处修饰不可数名词,故选A。
13.句意:众所周知,食物浪费在中国已经成为一个严重的问题。
different不同的;serious严重的;safe安全的。根据“It’s nearly one third of food waste in the world.”可知,中国占了世界食物浪费的三分之一,所以问题很严重,故选B。
14.句意:为了减少食物浪费,政府开始了“光盘行动”。
cut up切碎;cut down削减;cut into打断。根据“the government has started the ‘Clean Plate Campaign (运动)’”可知,应该是为了减少浪费,故选B。
15.句意:特别是在餐馆,我们可以看到“光盘行动”的标志在墙上。
signs标志;clocks钟表;tickets票。根据“the ‘Clean Plate’ on the wall”可知,墙上的是标志,故选A。
16.句意:许多餐馆提醒他们的顾客不要点太多的食物。
mix混合;cook做饭;order点单,命令。根据“Many restaurants remind their customers that they shouldn’t…too much food.”可知,餐馆建议顾客不要点太多食物,故选C。
17.句意:例如,7人一组最多可以点6道菜。
6六;7七;8八。根据“Restaurants in Wuhan have begun the N-l system, which means groups of customers are supposed to order one fewer dish than the number of people in the group.”可知,武汉的一些餐馆已经开始实行N-l制,这意味着一群顾客应该比他们的人数少点一道菜。所以七个人点六道菜,故选A。
18.句意:大多数餐馆都为顾客提供免费的打包盒,顾客可以用它们把剩菜打包回家。
them它们;us我们;you你,你们。此处指“packing boxes”,用them代替,故选A。
19.句意:今天,越来越多的人开始意识到节约粮食的重要性。
wasting浪费;saving节约;eating吃。根据“Today, more and more people start to realize the importance of…food.”可知,是节约粮食的重要性,故选B。
20.句意:每个人都应该参与“光盘行动”,对食物浪费说不。
yes是;no不;sorry抱歉。根据“say…to food waste”可知,是对食物浪费说“不”,故选B。
21.B
22.C
23.A
24.B
25.B
26.C
27.B
28.A
29.C
30.B
【解析】
【分析】
每年的4月22日是世界地球日,在这一天,世界各地的人们都会做一些对我们的地球有益的事情,世界自然基金会(WWF)列出了每个人可以为保护环境做的五件事。一些小的行动就能带来改变,所以让我们从自己做起,从小事做起,保护环境,保护我们的地球。
21.句意:在这一天,世界各地的许多人试图做一些绿色的事情。
考查形容词辨析及语境。harmful有害的;green绿色的;bad糟糕的,差的。根据上文“Many people are playing a role in saving the earth on Earth Day. Earth Day is on April 22nd.”可知,世界地球日是为保护地球而设立的节日,所以这一天人们做的都是环保、绿色的事情。故选B。
22.句意:在意大利,人们不使用塑料袋。
考查名词辨析及语境。recycling books回收书;reusable bags环保购物袋;plastic bags塑料袋。根据文意可知,这里列举的都是各个国家的人们为保护环境而做的事情,空前有don’t use“不使用……”,塑料袋对环境会造成污染,因此不能使用朔料袋。故选C。
23.句意:人们打扮成植物和动物的样子在纽约时代广场跳舞。
考查名词辨析及语境。plants植物;emperors皇帝;trucks卡车。根据文意可知,这里列举的都是各个国家的人们为保护环境而做的事情,空后是animals“动物”,选项中plants“植物”,他们都是自然环境中的东西,与文章的主题相关,故选A。
24.句意:在那一天,在加拿大和挪威人们可以看到很多关于保护野生动物的海报。
考查形容词辨析及语境。delicious美味的;wild野生的;magic有魔力的。根据下句话“After reading them, people are supposed to avoid ___5___ things made of animals, such as ivory and shark fin.”可知,大象、鲨鱼都是野生动物。故选B。
25.句意:读完之后,人们应该避免购买动物制品,比如象牙和鱼翅。
考查动词辨析及语境。building建造;buying买;improving提高,改善。根据句意和常识可知,我们要保护野生动物,不购买动物制品。故选B。
26.句意:世界自然基金会(WWF)列出了每个人可以为保护环境做的五件事。
考查数词辨析及语境。three三;four四;five五。根据下文可知,这里列举了我们每个人都可以做的五件事情。故选C。
27.句意:离开房间时把灯关掉。
考查动词短语辨析及语境。Turn on打开;Turn off关闭;Turn up把声音开大;出现。根据文意和常识可知,为了保护环境,我们应节约用电,所以离开房间的时候,应该把灯关掉。故选B。
28.句意:用温水或冷水洗衣服,不要用热水。
考查形容词辨析及语境。cold冷的;dirty脏的;dangerous危险的。根据空后“…not hot water”可知,不要用热水洗衣服,也就是用温水或冷水洗。故选A。
29.句意:一些环保组织认为,人类将理解地球日的真正精神,并尽最大努力保护地球。
考查动词辨析及语境。change改变;finish完成;understand理解。根据空后“…the true spirit of Earth Day”可知,这里应表示“理解地球日的真正精神”,C选项符合语境,故选C。
30.句意:一些环保组织认为,人类将理解地球日的真正精神,并尽最大努力保护地球。
考查形容词性物主代词辨析及语境。its它的;their他们的;his他的。这句话的主语是humans“人类”,是第三人称,因此这里应表示“尽他们的最大努力”,故选B。
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