2022年高考英语一轮复习Module3ForeignFood课后练习含解析外研版选修8

这是一份2022年高考英语一轮复习Module3ForeignFood课后练习含解析外研版选修8，共12页。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．At first he refused t accept any respnsibility but he ended up aplgizing (aplgize).
2．A pht can easily be transfrmed(transfrm) int a greeting card using a cmputer.
3．T tell the truth，we dn't have much in cmmn，but we get alng really well.
4．Gerge can't have gne(g) t far.His cffee is still warm.
5．Tasting (taste) delicius，the chicken was eaten up very sn.
6．I we my success t the generus help f my friends.
7．D clarify yur questin clearly s that we can serve yu better.
8．The idea puzzled me s much that I stpped fr a few secnds t try t make it ut．
9．Be careful with that match.Yu will set fire t thse curtains.
10．It is n wnder yu are tired；yu have been wrking fr five hurs.
Ⅱ.选词填空
n wnder; be based n; be ppular with; set fire t
1．N wnder mre and mre retired peple are escaping frm the crwded city — in the cuntryside they can enjy fresh air，blue sky and quiet surrundings.This is als the reasn why the rural turism 2.is ppular with peple nwadays.Our gvernment advcates prtecting the envirnment in the cuntryside，nt 3.setting fire t the crp waste，and imprving the zlgy agriculture，which shuld 4.be based n the lcal gegraphy.
dress up; have in cmmn; be bsessed with; refer t
The data shws that what successful peple 5.have in cmmn is that they have perseverance，such as Zhang Meng and Li Hua.They bth 6.are bsessed with drama.Yu will find them usually 7.dress up fr sme infrmal gathering if yu live in the same cmmunity.Peple ften 8.refer t them as actrs and lve them deeply.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．他把他的成功更多地归功于好运气而不是多年的艰苦工作。
He wed his success mre t gd luck than t his years f hard wrk.
2．不敲门闯入办公室是不礼貌的。
It's bad manners t break int an ffice withut kncking at the dr.
3．对于刚才发生的事情，请谈谈你的看法好吗？
Culd yu please remark n what happened just nw?
4．他因放火烧邻居家的房子而被捕。
He was arrested because he set fire t his neighbr's huse．
5．在阳光下看书对你的眼睛不好，所以你最好现在休息一下。
Reading in the sun is nt gd fr yur eyes s yu'd better have a break nw.
6．最终，四个小时以后，他们到达了他们父母正在那里等待的宿营地。
Finally，after fur hurs，they arrived at the campsite where their parents were waiting．
Ⅳ.片段写作——用本单元知识完成小作文
B卷 高考题型组合卷
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Researchers are generally divided nt nly n what causes besity，but als n why we feel hungry and ften fail t stay n a diet.
The cnventinal thinking，held by the majrity f researchers and clinicians I've interviewed ver the years，is that besity is caused by extra calries.They refer t it as an “energy balance”disrder，and s the treatment is t cnsume less energy (fewer calries) and expend mre.When we fail t maintain this gal，the implicatin is that we simply lack willpwer r self­discipline.
The minrity's psitin in this field—ne that Dr.Ludwig hlds，as d I after years f reprting—is that besity is actually a hrmnal regulatry disrder，and the hrmne (激素) that dminates this prcess is insulin (胰岛素).It directly links what we eat t the accumulatin f extra fat and that，in turn，is tied t the fds we lng fr and the hunger we experience.It's been knwn since the 1960s that insulin signals fat cells t accumulate fat，while telling the ther cells in ur bdy t burn carbhydrates (碳水化合物) fr fuel.
If yu prmte insulin levels even a little，says Dr.Rbert Lustig，a pediatric endcrinlgist at the University f Califrnia，San Francisc，the bdy will switch ver frm burning fat fr fuel t burning carbhydrates，by necessity.
“The mre insulin yu release，the mre yu need carbs，” he said.“Once yu're expsed t a little carbhydrate，yu get an insulin rise frm it.And yu cmpensate by particularly getting hungry fr mre carbhydrate.A high insulin level drives a thirst fr carbs.”
The result is that even a bite r a taste f carbhydrate­rich fds can stimulate insulin and create a hunger—a thirst—fr even mre carbhydrates.“There's n questin in my mind，”says Dr.Lustig，“that nce peple wh are ‘carbhlics' get their insulin levels dwn，they becme less fnd f carbs.And if they fall ff the wagn and start eating carbs，they g right back t where they were befre.I've seen that in numerus patients.”
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要从大多数人的观点和少数人的观点两个方面对导致肥胖症的原因以及人们感到饥饿和经常没有坚持节食的原因进行了介绍和分析。
1．What kind f prblem causes peple's energy unbalance accrding t traditinal thinking?
A．The psychlgical prblem.
B．The bilgical prblem.
C．The scial prblem.
D．The medical prblem.
解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第二段的内容，尤其是最后一句“When we fail t maintain this gal，the implicatin is that we simply lack willpwer r self­discipline.”可知，传统的观念认为，当我们不能保持吃得少且消耗得多这个目标时，就意味着我们缺乏意志力或自律能力。由此可知，传统观念将人们的能量不均衡归结于心理方面的因素。故选A。
2．What des the authr think leads t besity?
A．Surplus calries.
B．High insulin levels.
C．Lack f exercise.
D．Lw hrmne levels.
解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句中的“ne that Dr.Ludwig hlds，as d I after years f reprting—is that besity is actually a hrmnal regulatry disrder，and the hrmne(激素)that dminates this prcess is insulin(胰岛素)”以及第五段第一句中的“The mre insulin yu release，the mre yu need carbs”可知，作者认为肥胖实际上是一种激素调节紊乱，主导这一过程的激素是胰岛素，并且释放的胰岛素越多，人体就越需要碳水化合物，这样就会让肥胖的可能性增加。故选B。
3．Accrding t Dr.Lustig，taking carbhydrate­rich fd may result in ．
A．fat accumulatin B．desire fr mre fd
C．fat cnsumptin D．less insulin releasing
解析：B 考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一句“The result is that even a bite r a taste f carbhydrate­rich fds can stimulate insulin and create a hunger－a thirst－fr even mre carbhydrates.”可知，即使食用少量富含碳水化合物的食物也会刺激胰岛素，进而让人渴求甚至更多的含有碳水化合物的食物。由此可推知，答案选B。
4．What may researchers f bth sides think imprtant in fighting besity?
A．Training ur willpwer.
B．Keeping energy balance.
C．Staying n a chsen diet cnsistently.
D．Maintaining hrmnal regulatry rder.
解析：C 考查推理判断。根据第二段第二句中的“the treatment is t cnsume less energy (fewer calries) and expend mre”和第三句话的内容以及最后一段Dr.Lustig所说的“And if they fall ff the wagn and start eating carbs，they g right back t where they were befre.”可推知，在对抗肥胖症的过程中，两种观念都主张选择一种不会引起肥胖的饮食结构，并坚持下去。故选C。
【词汇积累】 divided adj.有分歧的 expend v．耗费 willpwer n．意志力 self­discipline n．自律能力 surplus adj.多余的；剩余的 fall ff the wagn开酒戒，又喝起酒来
【熟词生义】 psitin (Para.3) 常用义：n.位置
例句：Frm his psitin n the cliff tp，he had a gd view f the harbur.
他在悬崖之巅，海港景色一览无余。
文章义：n.观点
例句：My parents always tk the psitin that early nights meant healthy children.
我的父母总是认为孩子早睡就会身体健康。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Five years ag，I tk a career risk by leaving my jb t wrk n a ship.My medical friends did their best t persuade me，saying that running away t sea wuld 1 my career.But after these years wrking as a junir dctr，I was willing t take the risk.
2 fr adventure，I barded a ship in Singapre with 2，000 passengers and crew.T my 3 ，the hspital was well equipped，with an X­ray machine and a bld analyser.That first vyage was a learning experience，a 4 schedule full f safety drills.There was s much new infrmatin t 5 ．Even remembering which unifrm t wear each day was a 6 ．Mst cnfused，I ften frgt t 7 my clck when the ship crssed time znes.
As a dctr，I was 8 fr the 600 crew，and I was n call fr the entire ship.Far frm 9 seasickness and sunburn，I had t deal with ther diseases，fr I have different kinds f patients.The ship's medical center was 10 a flating emergency rm，and we didn't have a team f specialists n hand fr a secnd 11 ．With lng and unpredictable hurs，it required mental 12 ．
As yu can guess，many f the passengers were elderly.Heart attacks dn't 13 gegraphy and emergency evacuatins(疏散)were difficult t arrange.I culd remember ne such patient，wh was taken ff the ship halfway thrugh the Panama Canal.After a 14 ride in an ld ambulance，I was relieved that the patient 15 lng enugh t arrive at the hspital in Panama City.
16 ，there were several unexpected benefits f the jb.I regularly 17 the passenger facilities(设施).On rare days ff，I 18 as a tur guide n trips ashre.I gt t fly ver Alaska in a seaplane and watched a ballet in St Petersburg.
Nw，I understand being a ship dctr is nt a jb—it's a way f 19 ．One year at sea became tw.I lst my career ambitins， 20 I redefined happiness in my life.
文章大意：五年前，作者辞去了原有的工作去船上当医生。在此过程中，作者遭遇了很多挑战，但这份工作也有一些出乎意料的好处；作者失去了职业目标，但重新定义了自己生活中的幸福。
1．A.blck B．build
C．ruin D．imprve
解析：C 根据语境和前一句中的“tk a career”可推知，作者的医学界的朋友尽力劝作者不要辞职去船上当医生，他们说这会毁了作者的职业生涯。
2．A.Hungry B．Skilful
C．Suitable D．Cncerned
解析：A 根据第一段表述的作者的朋友劝作者不要辞职而作者却坚持这样做并结合语境可知，作者渴求冒险。
3．A.shck B．disappintment
C．excitement D．relief
解析：D 根据该句中的“the hspital was well equipped”与上文中的“risk”形成对比可推知，作者上船后发现医院设备精良，并不像自己之前所设想的那么糟糕，因此感到庆幸。t ne's relief表示“令某人庆幸的是”。
4．A.daily B．tight
C．strict D．flexible
解析：B 根据该句中的“full f safety drills”可推知，第一次海上航行日程安排得满，有很多安全演练。tight“(时间)紧的”。
5．A.take in B．figure ut
C．search fr D．pick ver
解析：A 根据上文中的“That first vyage was a learning experience”可推知，第一次海上航行是一次学习的经历，作者有许多新的信息需要吸收。take sth.in“理解，记住，领会”；pick sth.ver“筛选”。
6．A.living B．risk
C．challenge D．chice
解析：C 根据前一句可知，作者有很多新的信息需要吸收，并结合语境可推知，记得每天穿哪套制服对作者来讲也是一个挑战。
7．A.watch B．repair
C．check D．set
解析：D 根据空后的“my clck”和“crssed time znes”并结合常识可推知，作者在船跨过时区时经常忘记调整好时钟。set“调整好”。
8．A.pwerful B．respnsible
C．hpeful D．helpful
解析：B 根据该句中的“I was n call fr the entire ship”可推知，作为一名医生，作者要对船上的600名工作人员负责，对整个船上的人来说，作者要随叫随到。be respnsible fr“对……负责”。
9．A.treating B．suffering
C．escaping D．stpping
解析：A 根据该句中的“I had t deal with ther diseases”可知，作者不仅仅要治疗晕船和晒伤，还要应对其他疾病。far frm ding sth.“远非”。
10．A.exactly B．particularly
C．certainly D．actually
解析：D 根据语境可知，作者觉得这个医疗中心实际上(actually)就是一个漂浮的急诊室，他们并没有一个专家团队可随时用来征询其他医生的意见。exactly“精确地，确切地”。
11．A.examinatin B．cnsideratin
C．pinin D．discussin
解析：C 参见上题解析。
12．A.cmfrt B．cmmunicatin
C．tughness D．pressure
解析：C 根据该句中的“With lng and unpredictable hurs”可推知，在精神上也需要很坚强。故选C项。
13．A.care abut B．refer t
C．bther with D．rely n
解析：A 根据语境并结合常识可知，心脏病发作不分地点，在船上安排紧急疏散很困难。care abut“关注，在意”符合语境。bther with sth.“花费时间精力做某事”。
14．A.relaxing B．bring
C．prmising D．terrifying
解析：D 根据该句中的“in an ld ambulance”和“I was relieved”可推知，当时在陈旧的救护车上经历了一段可怕的行程。terrifying“极其可怕的”符合语境。prmising“有希望的，有前途的”。
15．A.survived B．struggled
C．awke D．stuck
解析：A 根据该句中的“I was relieved”可推知，那位病人最终活着到了医院，作者也松了一口气。
16．A.Steadily B．Thankfully
C．Imprtantly D．Generally
解析：B 根据该句中的“there were several unexpected benefits f the jb”并结合上文所讲的作者在从事这项工作的过程中遇到的一些挑战可推知，此处表示“幸亏，这项工作有一些意想不到的好处”。
17．A.cleaned B．fixed
C．enjyed D．prtected
解析：C 结合上文中的“unexpected benefits”可推知，此处表示作者经常享受乘客设施。
18．A.returned B．travelled
C．perfrmed D．vlunteered
解析：D 根据该句中的“On rare days ff”和“as a tur guide”以及作者的医生身份可推知，作者在休息日自愿当导游。
19．A.cnfidence B．life
C．experience D．success
解析：B 根据下文中的“I redefined happiness in my life”并结合作者在船上的工作经历和休息日的活动可推知，在船上当医生不仅仅是一个职业，而且也是一种生活方式。
20．A.thugh B．unless
C．but D．r
解析：C 该句中的“I lst my career ambitins”和“I redefined happiness in my life”构成逻辑上的转折关系，故选C。
【词汇积累】 a junir dctr初级医生 be n call待命，随叫随到 n hand在手头，在近旁 get t d sth.有机会做某事
Ⅲ.短文改错
(2020·长沙市高三模拟) Jurney t the West is a fantastic stry setting in the Tang Dynasty.When pening the bk，yu wuld read an exciting stry.Tangseng and his three cmpanins went thrugh adventurus experience t get the scriptures (经文)，which culd be beneficial fr the rdinary peple.They made the lng and hard jurney westwards t achieve their dream.The Mnkey King，als was called Sun Wukng，managed t fight against all kinds f difficulties.Therefre，the Mnkey King as a symbl f being bravery and determined is deeply lved by ur Chinese.The stry is s amazed that it is well wrth reading，I believe yu can learn mre abut Chinese culture frm this bk.
解析：①第一句：setting改为set。考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，动词set和其逻辑主语a fantastic stry之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式set。
②第二句：wuld改为will。考查时态。根据语境可知，此处表示当你打开这本书的时候，你就会读到一个令人兴奋的故事，此处应用一般将来时。故将wuld改为will。
③第三句：experience改为experiences。考查名词的单复数。experience作“经历”讲，为可数名词，且此处表示复数概念，故将experience改为experiences。
④第三句：fr改为t。考查介词。be beneficial t sth./sb.“对某事/某人是有利的”为固定搭配。故将fr改为t。
⑤第四句：the改为a。考查冠词。jurney为可数名词，此处在文中第一次出现，泛指“一个漫长而艰难的旅程”，应用不定冠词修饰，且lng的发音以辅音音素开头，故将the改为a。
⑥第五句：删除was。考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，此处是过去分词短语作后置定语，was多余，故删除。
⑦第六句：bravery改为brave。考查词形转换。being是系动词，后接形容词作表语，故将bravery改为brave。
⑧第六句：ur改为us。考查代词。介词后需跟代词的宾格形式，故将ur改为us。us Chinese表示“我们中国人”。
⑨第七句：amazed改为amazing。考查形容词。该句主语是表示物的The stry，应用amazing来修饰，故将amazed改为amazing。
⑩第七句：I前加and。考查连词。此处前后是两个完整的句子，中间用逗号隔开，且两个句子间是并列关系，故应用连词and连接。
Ⅳ.书面表达
假设你叫李华，你的美国朋友Peter参加了中国首届外国留学生书法竞赛并获得了一等奖，请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1．祝贺获奖；
2．肯定其成绩和努力；
3．约时间在网上交流学习中国书法的心得。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：中国首届外国留学生书法竞赛the First Chinese Calligraphy Cntest fr Freign Students
Dear Peter，


Yurs，
Li Hua
One pssible versin：
Dear Peter，
I'm very happy t hear that yu participated in the First Chinese Calligraphy Cntest fr Freign Students and wn the first prize.I am writing with the intentin f ffering my sincere cngratulatins t yu and exchanging the experience in learning calligraphy with yu.
Everything cmes t him wh waits.Fr these years，yu've shwn great interest in Chinese calligraphy and kept n practicing it every day.Nt nly have yu referred t many calligraphy bks，but als yu have cnsulted sme calligraphy masters.Hard wrk pays ff.Eventually，it was thrugh yur hard wrk and talent that yu succeeded in winning the champinship！I'm happy abut what yu have achieved and I sincerely wuld like t exchange the experience in learning calligraphy nline with yu s that we can make prgress tgether.Please tell me when yu have time.
Cngratulatins again.
Yurs，
Li Hua
完成片段作文
词汇句式升级
Mary eq \(□,\s\up1(1)) has a lt in cmmn with mst girls (和大多数女孩有许多共同点) —she likes dessert very much.Dessert is rich in sugar，while sugar can eq \(□,\s\up1(2)) be transfrmed int fat (转化成脂肪). eq \(□,\s\up1(3)) N wnder (难怪) Mary is s fat.Nutritin experts say that dessert can nt nly make peple fat but als eq \(□,\s\up1(4)) bring abut ther serius cnsequences (引起其他严重的后果).Obviusly，it is nt a gd idea eq \(□,\s\up1(5)) t be bsessed with sme fd that tastes gd (痴迷于某种尝起来可口的食物).①S when we eq \(□,\s\up1(6)) entertain guests (招待客人)，we shuld eq \(□,\s\up1(7)) reduce the amunt f dessert (减少甜食的量).②In shrt，it really makes sense that many peple eq \(□,\s\up1(8)) we their health t (把健康归因于) a balanced diet and prper exercise.
1.用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词
(1)likes→ is fnd f
(2)rich→ abundant
(3)say→ remark
2．按要求改写句式
(1)用省略句升级句①
S when entertaining guests，we shuld reduce the amunt f dessert.
(2)用“助动词＋动词原形”的强调形式升级句②
In shrt，it des make sense that many peple we their health t a balanced diet and prper exercise.
语篇类型
说明文
主题语境
人与社会——健康——有关肥胖症原因的分析
语篇类型
记叙文
主题语境
人与自我——个人经历——在船上当医生