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热点练03阅读理解之推理判断题（热点话题）-2022年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（新高考专用）
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热点练03 阅读理解之推理判断题（热点话题）
推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。
此类题的设问常常包括infer, imply, suggest, conclude等词，这类题的设问方式主要有：
A. 对文章内容，结构等进行判断推理
1. We can infer from the Passage that__________.
2. What can be inferred from the Passage?
3. Which of the following can be inferred from the Passage?
4. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that__________.
5. The author suggests in this paragraph that__________.
6. The writer implies that__________.
7. It can be inferred that__________.
8. It can be concluded from the Passage that__________.
9. On the whole, we can conclude that__________.
10. From the text we can conclude that__________.
11. After reading the Passage we may conclude that__________.
12. What conclusion can be drawn from the Passage?
B. 观点态度题的推理判断
13. The author is inclined to think that__________.
14. When the writer talks about, what he really means is that __________.
15. What’s the writer’s tone/attitude/feeling towards...?
16. In the writer’s opinion,...
考向1：涉及文章中心思想处常考
文章中心思想与作者观点态度是密切相关的，做题思路跟主旨题相似。一般观点态度题出在文章段尾。
者或文中人物的态度、倾向是指其对自己或他人陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是中立，对叙述或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的结论中，或流露于修饰性的词语中。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中总结全文的措辞，尤其是带有感情色彩的形容词。常见的表达态度的词语有:
(1)、表示积极态度的词： support((支持), supportive(支持的), approve((赞成), approving((赞同的),for(支持), in favor of(支持), optimistic((乐观的), positive((积极的), pleasant((愉快的), humorous((幽默的), confident((自信的), impressive((令人钦佩的), praise((赞扬)等。
(2)、表示消极态度的词：disgusted((厌恶的), critical(批评的), negative((否定的), doubtful(怀疑的), disappointed(失望的), pessimistic((悲观的), opposed((反对的)等。
(3)、表示中立的词： objective((客观的), factual((事实的),neutral((中立的), impartial((不偏不倚的)等。
有些文章的写作意图比较明确，如议论文、说明文，此类文体应关注主题句。而有些文章的写作意图需要考生去体会，这种情况多出现在记叙文中，此类文章通常先叙述，然后发表看法。
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.(首段)
31. Which word best describes the author's attitude to race walking?
A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C.Tolerant. D. Conservative.
【解析】通读首段可知,作者在本文中主要阐述了竞走的好处(Race walking shares many fitness benefits with
running)及其存在的问题( It does, however, have its own problem.)，提及正反两方面，由此可推知，作者的态度是客观的。故选B项。
考向2：语义转折和强对比常考
转折连词but、however、while等和强对比处提出文章的重点内容，表明基本思想，这些自然也反映了其观点和态度。
考向3：作者提出观点处常考
这主要出现在议论文。议论文的写作思路一般是提出观点，而后给予论证支持，最后得出与观点一致的论点。因此，明白了作者的观点就把握了作者的基本思想和态度。
考向4：文章中的复合句，特殊句式等长难句处常考
复合句和特殊句式不同于简单的陈述句，常暗含作者的观点和态度。所以多注意长难句的分析。
推理判断题解题技巧：排除法
1. 如果要求对某段内容进行推断，推理，那么就只看题干要求的那段。
2.一般排除绝对项(must,always,never, all, only, have to, none, completely)
常选语气可能性不大的答案(may,might,could ,be likely to,possible,not necessarily）
3.排除照抄原文项或对原文作字面解释的项
说明文科技环保类：5G，疫苗的最早发明物种，关于情商未来研究的期望，中医
议论文社会现象类：天才的定义
记叙文：励志故事
第一组
话题：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了5G网络将助力实现车与车的“对话”。
难度：★★
建议用时：6分钟
Cars could soon be communicating with each other using 5G to make drivers aware of upcoming hazards (危险), scientists claim. The extremely fast mobile internet would allow for rapid information transmission and could make drivers aware of black ice, pot holes or other dangers up ahead.
Several car manufacturers are already integrating 5G into their vehicles, including as a tool to help serve in the generation of self-driving vehicles.
Experts at Glasgow Caledonian University (GCU) believe the high-speed connection will also improve the reliability and capability of automated vehicles to the point where they will be safer than the manual cars being driven today. They predict the number of road traffic accidents, which according to the World Health Organization account for more than 1.3 million deaths and up to 50million people injured worldwide every year, will drop drastically (彻底地) as a result.
Dr Dimitrios Liarokapis, a member of the research group, said, “To have a better idea of what the future will look like, think of having such cars that not only use sensors to scan what's around them, they can also talk to each other and exchange safety-related information about their surroundings over an area that covers several square miles. With the help of 5G, a vehicle-generated early warning system that reminds drivers is possible within the next few years. Cars that are close enough to the danger area will transmit warning messages to other cars around them using short-range communication technologies, but also to cars further away using 5G, fast and reliably.”
A few manufacturers are already working on connected cars. Of them, Ford revealed its intention to fit 80 percent of its 2020 vehicles with technology that warns drivers about upcoming road accidents, bad weather and traffic jams.
1．What is the benefit of 5G mentioned in the text?
A．It can improve the safety of automated vehicles.
B．It can help drivers communicate with each other.
C．It can effectively wipe out road traffic accidents.
D．It can help make more profits for the manufacturers.
2．What can we know about the vehicle-generated warning system?
A．It can get information several miles ahead.
B．It will frequently send messages to drivers.
C．It has been proved extremely helpful for driving.
D．It is under research and development at present.
3．What will be probably continued with the text?
A．Some safety rules when using 5G.
B．Some car manufacturers.
C．The sales information of cars with 5G.
D．The advantages when using 5G.
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．5G on the Way to Making “Dialogue” Between Cars
B．5G Leaves Drivers Free When They Are Driving
C．5G Has Been Popular with Drivers Around the World
D．5G Is to Bring Great Convenience to Our Daily Life
【答案】A D B A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了5G网络将助力实现车与车的“对话”。汽车可以通过5G网络互相“对话”，让司机提前意识到危险。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“Experts at Glasgow Caledonian University (GCU) believe the high-speed connection will also improve the reliability and capability of automated vehicles to the point where they will be safer than the manual cars being driven today（格拉斯哥喀里多尼亚大学(GCU)的专家们认为，高速连接还将提高自动驾驶汽车的可靠性和能力，达到比目前手动驾驶的汽车更安全的程度）”可知，高速互联网还将提高自动化车辆的可靠性和性能，使其比目前使用的手动驾驶汽车更安全。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第四段的“a vehicle-generated early warning system that reminds drivers is possible within the next few years.（在未来几年内，汽车自动预警系统将成为可能）”可知，未来几年内，可以向司机发出警报的车辆生成预警系统将会出现。由此推知，该系统现在还处于研发阶段。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“A few manufacturers are already working on connected cars. Of them, Ford revealed its intention to fit 80 percent of its 2020 vehicles with technology that warns drivers about upcoming road accidents, bad weather and traffic jams（一些制造商已经在研发联网汽车。其中，福特透露，它打算在2020年生产的80%的汽车中安装一种技术，该技术可以提醒司机即将发生的交通事故、恶劣天气和交通堵塞）”可知，最后一段中提到了有几个汽车制造商开始使用这种技术，福特公司就是其中一个，下文很可能介绍使用5G的其他制造商。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Cars could soon be communicating with each other using 5G to make drivers aware of upcoming hazards (危险), scientists claim（科学家称，汽车很快就能通过5G相互通信，让司机意识到即将到来的危险）”可知，作者讲述了5G网络将安装在汽车上，汽车可以通过5G网络互相“对话”，让司机提前意识到危险，因此本文最适合的题目是A选项5G on the Way to Making “Dialogue” Between Cars（5G正在成为汽车之间的“对话”），故选A。
第二组
话题：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蜜蜂是最先发明疫苗并实施疫苗接种的计划，
难度：★★
建议用时：6分钟
Human beings are not alone in having invented vaccination, while honeybees got there first and they can run what look like vaccination programmes, which has been confirmed by Gyan Harwood of the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
Queen bees vaccinate their eggs before they are laid. But the question is how the queen receives her antigen supply, for she lives purely on royal jelly, a substance secreted by nurse bees when they are in the life stage of feeding the young. Dr Harwood wondered if the nurses combined the royal jelly they produced with pieces from pathogens they had consumed while eating something brought in from outside.
To test this idea, they collected about 150 nurse bees and divided them among six queenless mini hives equipped with the young to look after. They fed the nurses on sugar-water, and for three of the hives they added Paenibacillus larvae, a bacterium causing a disease, to sugar-water.
Dr Harwood and Dr Salmela labeled the bacteria with a certain dye, to make them easy to track. And, sure enough, microscope confirmed that Paenibacillus larvae were getting into royal jelly secreted by those bees which had been fed with the sugar-water. Moreover, examination of this royal jelly revealed higher levels of defensive substance, compared with royal jelly from bees that had not been mixed with Paenibacillus larvae. This substance is thought to help bee immune systems fight against bacterial infections.
All told, these findings suggest that nurse bees are indeed, via their royal jelly, passing antigens on to the queen, then into eggs. They also mean, because the young receive royal jelly for the first few days after they hatch, the nurses are giving the young the second antigens. Each young bee is therefore being vaccinated twice.
8．What puzzled Dr Harwood from paragraph 2?
A．What the royal jelly consists of.
B．Where nurse bees receive pathogens.
C．How the antigen come into the queen bees' bodies.
D．Whether honeybees run vaccination earlier than man.
9．How did Dr Harwood develop his experiment?
A．By dividing bees into different roles.
B．By keeping track of the special bacterium.
C．By changing the components of royal jelly.
D．By observing nurse bees' different behaviors.
10．What can we infer according to the results of the experiment?
A．Nurse bees are the key to vaccination for bee group.
B．The nurse bees pass the antigen only to the queen.
C．Bacteria-used royal jelly has fewer defense substances.
D．Two vaccinations are given to young bees by caregivers directly.
11．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A pet guide. B．A social website.
C．An official document. D．A medical magazine.
【答案】8．C9．B10．A11．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类并不是唯一发明疫苗的物种，蜜蜂是最先发明疫苗并实施疫苗接种的计划，这一发现已得到证实。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But the question is how the queen receives her antigen supply, for she lives purely on royal jelly, a substance secreted by nurse bees when they are in the life stage of feeding the young.(但问题是蜂后是如何接受抗原供应的，因为她完全靠蜂王浆生活，蜂王浆是看护蜂在哺育幼蜂的生命阶段分泌的一种物质)”可知，抗原如何进入蜂后的身体让Harwood博士感到困惑。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“To test this idea, they collected about 150 nurse bees and divided them among six queenless mini hives equipped with the young to look after. They fed the nurses on sugar-water, and for three of the hives they added Paenibacillus larvae, a bacterium causing a disease, to sugar-water.(为了验证这一想法，他们收集了大约150只保育蜂，并将它们分配到6个没有蜂后的迷你蜂箱中，并配备了幼蜂。他们给护士喂食糖水，并给其中三个蜂巢添加了一种致病细菌——芽孢杆菌幼虫)”和第四段中“Dr Harwood and Dr Salmela labeled the bacteria with a certain dye, to make them easy to track.(Harwood博士和Salmela博士用一种特定的染料对细菌进行标记，以便于追踪)”可推知，他们是通过追踪特殊的细菌来展开实验。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“All told, these findings suggest that nurse bees are indeed, via their royal jelly, passing antigens on to the queen, then into eggs. They also mean, because the young receive royal jelly for the first few days after they hatch, the nurses are giving the young the second antigens.(这些发现表明，保育蜂确实通过蜂王浆将抗原传给蚁后，以便将其接种到卵中。这也意味着，因为幼虫在孵化后的头几天也会接受蜂王浆，所以保育蜂也在给它们的幼虫注射疫苗)”可推知，每只幼蜂要接种两次疫苗，而每次都离不开保育蜂。故选A。
11．推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了蜜蜂是最先发明疫苗并实施疫苗接种的计划的新发现，所以应该出自与医学相关的杂志。故选D。
第三组
话题：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了情商的定义以及对有关于情商未来研究的期望。
难度：★★
建议用时：6分钟
Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
4．What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?
A．It can be measured by an IQ test. B．It helps to exercise a person’s mind.
C．It includes a set of emotional skills. D．It refers to a person’s positive qualities.
5．Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?
A．To explain a rule. B．To clarify a concept.
C．To present a fact. D．To make a prediction.
6．What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?
A．Favorable. B．Intolerant.
C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
7．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?
A．Its appeal to the public. B．Expectations for future studies.
C．Its practical application. D．Scientists with new perspectives.
【答案】
4．D 5．B 6．A 7．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了情商的定义以及对有关于情商未来研究的期望。
4．细节理解题。通过文章第一段“Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities (研究表明，情商技巧可能有助于这些品质的形成)”可知，情商指的并不是一个人的积极品质。故选D项。
5．推理判断题。通过文章第二段“The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. (医生可能利用这种准确理解他人感受的能力来找到最好的帮助病人的方法，而骗子可能利用这种能力来控制潜在的受害者)”可推知，作者在文章第二段中提到“医生”和“骗子”是举例子来阐明下文的观点——情商高并不一定能使一个人成为有道德的人。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。通过文章第三段“the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than
harmful. …The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers (宣传的总体效果一直是利大于弊。这种普及最积极的方面是雇主、教育者和其他对促进社会福利感兴趣的人对情感进行了新的、迫切需要的强调。情商的普及帮助了公众和研究人员)”可推知，作者认为情商普及是对人们有利的。故选A项。
7． 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives from which to study how people manage their lives. (我们希望这种关注将激发人们对情感科学和学术研究的更大兴趣。我们希望在未来的几十年里，科学的进步将为研究人们如何管理自己的生活提供新的视角)”可推知，本段主要谈了对未来关于情商研究的期望。故选B项。
第四组
话题：这是一篇议论文，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义。
难度：★★
建议用时：6分钟
Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
12．What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?
A．They're unfair. B．They're conservative.
C．They're objective. D．They're strict.
13．What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?
A．They think themselves smart. B．They look up to great thinkers.
C．They see gender differences earlier than boys. D．They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
14．Why are more geniuses known to the public?
A．Improved global communication. B．Less discrimination against women.
C．Acceptance of victors' concepts. D．Changes in people's social positions.
15．What is the best title for the text?
A．Geniuses Think Alike B．Genius Takes Many Forms
C．Genius and Intelligence D．Genius and Luck
【答案】
12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。
12．推理判断题。根据第三段的“It is said that history is written by victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women, or people of a different color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.( 据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可推知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.”(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.( 在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Who is a genius?（谁是天才）”和最后一段的“As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple geniuses, who are able to change the world.”(正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
第五组 记叙文推断题
话题：这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国橄榄球联盟球员JJ Watt的励志故事。
难度：★★
建议用时：6分钟
Dream Big, Work Hard, Help Others. Those words describe NFL player JJ Watt’s approach to life and his recipe for success on and off the field.
Although JJ, who plays for the Houston Texans, is perhaps the best defensive player in the National Football League (NFL), he just focuses on being the best human being he can be. His story is one of perseverance (毅力), heart, family and caring.
Recently, JJ has also focused his efforts on helping victims of Hurricane. He has been a national leader in raising funds and bringing people together to help. But first, where did JJ get his start in life and how did he become the person he is today?
Growing up in a small town in Wisconsin, he was told that he was “too small and not big enough” to ever play professional football. “There’s no way”, they said. Instead of letting the remarks of others diminish him, he used them to inspire himself.
He grew up learning to work while everyone else rested. JJ would get up at 4:30 in the morning to work out each day. He kept believing in himself, kept fighting and never gave up. He also got great support from his parents, family and friends, which made him stronger and more confident.
JJ’s story is not just one of achieving excellence in football, but in making a difference in the lives of others. Of all the inspiring stories, one was about JJ supporting a young man who was told he would not only be a football player. Instead, he, like JJ Watt, would be devoted to helping more people in need. Another awesome story shows a remarkable friendship that JJ has formed with 3 children who suffered a great tragedy. More recently, JJ became a national leader in helping his city of Houston raise money to help victims of Hurricane.
Such is JJ Watt, a simple man with a noble mind.
4．What do we know about JJ Watt from the first two paragraphs?
A．He has his own recipe in his field.
B．He carries the most moving stories.
C．He manages to be his personal best.
D．He is definitely the best defensive player.
5．What does the underlined word “diminish” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Abuse. B．Discourage. C．Praise. D．Boycott.
6．Which of the following best describes JJ Watt as a player on the field?
A．Ambitious and caring.
B．Friendly and demanding.
C．Generous and humorous.
D．Hard working and determined.
7．What does JJ Watt’s story imply?
A．To light the way for others, one must shine.
B．Nothing is difficult lo the man who will try.
C．Perseverance is the recipe for personal success.
D．Success means helping others make a difference.
【答案】4．C5．B6．B7．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国橄榄球联盟球员JJ Watt的励志故事。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Although JJ, who plays for the Houston Texans, is perhaps the best defensive player in the National Football League (NFL), he just focuses on being the best human being he can be.”（尽管效力于休斯顿德克萨斯人队的JJ可能是美国国家橄榄球联盟(NFL)最好的防守球员，但他只是专注于成为他能成为的最好的人。）可知，他尽力做到最好，故选C。
5．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Instead of letting the remarks of others diminish him, he used them to inspire himself.”（他没有让别人的评论贬低他，而是用它们激励自己。）可知，划线词diminish应该与inspire为相反之意，应该是“贬低”的意思，故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“JJ’s story is not just one of achieving excellence in football, but in making a difference in the lives of others.”（JJ的故事不仅仅是一个在足球上取得卓越成就的故事，而是一个为他人的生活带来改变的故事。）可知，JJ是一个对人友好的和对自己要求高的人，故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段段中“More recently, JJ became a national leader in helping his city of Houston raise money to help victims of Hurricane.”（最近，JJ成为了帮助他所在城市休斯顿筹集资金帮助飓风受害者的国家领导人。）可知，要照亮别人的道路，自己必须发光，故选A。
第六组
话题：这是一篇说明文。介绍了中医独特的理论和疗法。
难度：★★
建议用时：6分钟
China is one of the first countries to breed a medical culture. In comparison with Western methods, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) adopts a vastly different approach. For thousands of years, Chinese people have accumulated rich experience in fighting all sorts of diseases, therefore forming a unique medical theory under the guidance of ancient Chinese philosophies.
The core behind TCM is that the human body’s life is the consequence of the balance between yin and yang. Yang functions to safeguard us against outer harm, and yin is the inner base to store and provide energy. When the balance between the two aspects is disturbed, people fall ill.
One of the traditional techniques of TCM, acupuncture(针刺疗法), means insertion of needles into superficial structures of the body — usually at acupoints(穴位) — to restore the yin-yang balance. It is often accompanied by moxibustion(灸法), which involves burning the mugwort on or near the skin at an acupoint.
The first known text that clearly talks about something like acupuncture and moxibustion as it is practiced today is Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon. It is the earliest and most important written work of TCM and is considered the most representative medical text in China.
Acupuncture and moxibustion have aroused the interest of international medical science circles. And TCM is gradually gaining worldwide recognition. The WHO issued a document in 2002 that appealed to more than 180 countries to adopt TCM as an alternative in their medical policies. In 2010, acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine were added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO. Presently, TCM has been back in the news for its effectiveness in improving the cure rate of the COVID-19 since its outbreak in January 2020.
1.What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. TCM. B. Acupuncture.
C. Yin-yang balance. D. Moxibustion.
2.What can we learn about Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon from the text?
A. It distinguishes acupuncture from moxibustion.
B. It’s a foundation of world medical research.
C. It stresses the importance of using acupoints.
D. It greatly boosts the development of TCM.
3.What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?
A. To introduce TCM to the world.
B. To review the development of TCM.
C. To tell TCM and Western medicine apart.
D. To comment on TCM in fighting COVID-19.
4.What might be talked about in the paragraph following the text?
A. Why TCM gets recognition from WHO.
B. Why TCM is gaining popularity.
C. How TCM helps in the current situation.
D. How other countries adopt TCM well.
本文首先介绍了中医独特的理论和疗法,随后指出中医正在获得世界范围内的认可,且因其在提高新冠肺炎治愈率上的有效性而重新出现在新闻中。
1.B 考查代词指代。第三段第一句讲的是针刺疗法的相关内容,根据语境可知,此处表示针刺疗法经常伴随灸法,故It指的是Acupuncture。
2.D 考查推理判断。根据第四段内容可知,第一部明确谈到针刺疗法和灸法的文献就是《黄帝内经》,它是最早和最重要的中医书面著作,并被认为是中国最具代表性的医学文本,故选D"它极大地促进了中医的发展"。
3.A 考查写作目的。文章前半部分介绍了中医独特的理论和疗法,后面说中医正逐渐受到世界范围内的认可,由此可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是向世人介绍中医。
4.C 考查推理判断。由最后一段最后一句可知,自2020年1月新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来,因其在提高治愈率上的成效,中医再次出现在新闻当中,故可推知下面一段内容将围绕中医如何帮助解决目前情况而展开,故选C。
热点练03 阅读理解之推理判断题（热点话题）
推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。
此类题的设问常常包括infer, imply, suggest, conclude等词，这类题的设问方式主要有：
A. 对文章内容，结构等进行判断推理
1. We can infer from the Passage that__________.
2. What can be inferred from the Passage?
3. Which of the following can be inferred from the Passage?
4. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that__________.
5. The author suggests in this paragraph that__________.
6. The writer implies that__________.
7. It can be inferred that__________.
8. It can be concluded from the Passage that__________.
9. On the whole, we can conclude that__________.
10. From the text we can conclude that__________.
11. After reading the Passage we may conclude that__________.
12. What conclusion can be drawn from the Passage?
B. 观点态度题的推理判断
13. The author is inclined to think that__________.
14. When the writer talks about, what he really means is that __________.
15. What’s the writer’s tone/attitude/feeling towards...?
16. In the writer’s opinion,...
考向1：涉及文章中心思想处常考
文章中心思想与作者观点态度是密切相关的，做题思路跟主旨题相似。一般观点态度题出在文章段尾。
者或文中人物的态度、倾向是指其对自己或他人陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是中立，对叙述或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的结论中，或流露于修饰性的词语中。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中总结全文的措辞，尤其是带有感情色彩的形容词。常见的表达态度的词语有:
(1)、表示积极态度的词： support((支持), supportive(支持的), approve((赞成), approving((赞同的),for(支持), in favor of(支持), optimistic((乐观的), positive((积极的), pleasant((愉快的), humorous((幽默的), confident((自信的), impressive((令人钦佩的), praise((赞扬)等。
(2)、表示消极态度的词：disgusted((厌恶的), critical(批评的), negative((否定的), doubtful(怀疑的), disappointed(失望的), pessimistic((悲观的), opposed((反对的)等。
(3)、表示中立的词： objective((客观的), factual((事实的),neutral((中立的), impartial((不偏不倚的)等。
有些文章的写作意图比较明确，如议论文、说明文，此类文体应关注主题句。而有些文章的写作意图需要考生去体会，这种情况多出现在记叙文中，此类文章通常先叙述，然后发表看法。
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.(首段)
31. Which word best describes the author's attitude to race walking?
A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C.Tolerant. D. Conservative.
【解析】通读首段可知,作者在本文中主要阐述了竞走的好处(Race walking shares many fitness benefits with
running)及其存在的问题( It does, however, have its own problem.)，提及正反两方面，由此可推知，作者的态度是客观的。故选B项。
考向2：语义转折和强对比常考
转折连词but、however、while等和强对比处提出文章的重点内容，表明基本思想，这些自然也反映了其观点和态度。
考向3：作者提出观点处常考
这主要出现在议论文。议论文的写作思路一般是提出观点，而后给予论证支持，最后得出与观点一致的论点。因此，明白了作者的观点就把握了作者的基本思想和态度。
考向4：文章中的复合句，特殊句式等长难句处常考
复合句和特殊句式不同于简单的陈述句，常暗含作者的观点和态度。所以多注意长难句的分析。
推理判断题解题技巧：排除法
1. 如果要求对某段内容进行推断，推理，那么就只看题干要求的那段。
2.一般排除绝对项(must,always,never, all, only, have to, none, completely)
常选语气可能性不大的答案(may,might,could ,be likely to,possible,not necessarily）
3.排除照抄原文项或对原文作字面解释的项
说明文科技环保类：5G，疫苗的最早发明物种，关于情商未来研究的期望，中医
议论文社会现象类：天才的定义
记叙文：励志故事
第一组
话题：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了5G网络将助力实现车与车的“对话”。
难度：★★
建议用时：6分钟
Cars could soon be communicating with each other using 5G to make drivers aware of upcoming hazards (危险), scientists claim. The extremely fast mobile internet would allow for rapid information transmission and could make drivers aware of black ice, pot holes or other dangers up ahead.
Several car manufacturers are already integrating 5G into their vehicles, including as a tool to help serve in the generation of self-driving vehicles.
Experts at Glasgow Caledonian University (GCU) believe the high-speed connection will also improve the reliability and capability of automated vehicles to the point where they will be safer than the manual cars being driven today. They predict the number of road traffic accidents, which according to the World Health Organization account for more than 1.3 million deaths and up to 50million people injured worldwide every year, will drop drastically (彻底地) as a result.
Dr Dimitrios Liarokapis, a member of the research group, said, “To have a better idea of what the future will look like, think of having such cars that not only use sensors to scan what's around them, they can also talk to each other and exchange safety-related information about their surroundings over an area that covers several square miles. With the help of 5G, a vehicle-generated early warning system that reminds drivers is possible within the next few years. Cars that are close enough to the danger area will transmit warning messages to other cars around them using short-range communication technologies, but also to cars further away using 5G, fast and reliably.”
A few manufacturers are already working on connected cars. Of them, Ford revealed its intention to fit 80 percent of its 2020 vehicles with technology that warns drivers about upcoming road accidents, bad weather and traffic jams.
1．What is the benefit of 5G mentioned in the text?
A．It can improve the safety of automated vehicles.
B．It can help drivers communicate with each other.
C．It can effectively wipe out road traffic accidents.
D．It can help make more profits for the manufacturers.
2．What can we know about the vehicle-generated warning system?
A．It can get information several miles ahead.
B．It will frequently send messages to drivers.
C．It has been proved extremely helpful for driving.
D．It is under research and development at present.
3．What will be probably continued with the text?
A．Some safety rules when using 5G.
B．Some car manufacturers.
C．The sales information of cars with 5G.
D．The advantages when using 5G.
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．5G on the Way to Making “Dialogue” Between Cars
B．5G Leaves Drivers Free When They Are Driving
C．5G Has Been Popular with Drivers Around the World
D．5G Is to Bring Great Convenience to Our Daily Life
【答案】A D B A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了5G网络将助力实现车与车的“对话”。汽车可以通过5G网络互相“对话”，让司机提前意识到危险。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“Experts at Glasgow Caledonian University (GCU) believe the high-speed connection will also improve the reliability and capability of automated vehicles to the point where they will be safer than the manual cars being driven today（格拉斯哥喀里多尼亚大学(GCU)的专家们认为，高速连接还将提高自动驾驶汽车的可靠性和能力，达到比目前手动驾驶的汽车更安全的程度）”可知，高速互联网还将提高自动化车辆的可靠性和性能，使其比目前使用的手动驾驶汽车更安全。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第四段的“a vehicle-generated early warning system that reminds drivers is possible within the next few years.（在未来几年内，汽车自动预警系统将成为可能）”可知，未来几年内，可以向司机发出警报的车辆生成预警系统将会出现。由此推知，该系统现在还处于研发阶段。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“A few manufacturers are already working on connected cars. Of them, Ford revealed its intention to fit 80 percent of its 2020 vehicles with technology that warns drivers about upcoming road accidents, bad weather and traffic jams（一些制造商已经在研发联网汽车。其中，福特透露，它打算在2020年生产的80%的汽车中安装一种技术，该技术可以提醒司机即将发生的交通事故、恶劣天气和交通堵塞）”可知，最后一段中提到了有几个汽车制造商开始使用这种技术，福特公司就是其中一个，下文很可能介绍使用5G的其他制造商。故选B。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Cars could soon be communicating with each other using 5G to make drivers aware of upcoming hazards (危险), scientists claim（科学家称，汽车很快就能通过5G相互通信，让司机意识到即将到来的危险）”可知，作者讲述了5G网络将安装在汽车上，汽车可以通过5G网络互相“对话”，让司机提前意识到危险，因此本文最适合的题目是A选项5G on the Way to Making “Dialogue” Between Cars（5G正在成为汽车之间的“对话”），故选A。
第二组
话题：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蜜蜂是最先发明疫苗并实施疫苗接种的计划，
难度：★★
建议用时：6分钟
Human beings are not alone in having invented vaccination, while honeybees got there first and they can run what look like vaccination programmes, which has been confirmed by Gyan Harwood of the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
Queen bees vaccinate their eggs before they are laid. But the question is how the queen receives her antigen supply, for she lives purely on royal jelly, a substance secreted by nurse bees when they are in the life stage of feeding the young. Dr Harwood wondered if the nurses combined the royal jelly they produced with pieces from pathogens they had consumed while eating something brought in from outside.
To test this idea, they collected about 150 nurse bees and divided them among six queenless mini hives equipped with the young to look after. They fed the nurses on sugar-water, and for three of the hives they added Paenibacillus larvae, a bacterium causing a disease, to sugar-water.
Dr Harwood and Dr Salmela labeled the bacteria with a certain dye, to make them easy to track. And, sure enough, microscope confirmed that Paenibacillus larvae were getting into royal jelly secreted by those bees which had been fed with the sugar-water. Moreover, examination of this royal jelly revealed higher levels of defensive substance, compared with royal jelly from bees that had not been mixed with Paenibacillus larvae. This substance is thought to help bee immune systems fight against bacterial infections.
All told, these findings suggest that nurse bees are indeed, via their royal jelly, passing antigens on to the queen, then into eggs. They also mean, because the young receive royal jelly for the first few days after they hatch, the nurses are giving the young the second antigens. Each young bee is therefore being vaccinated twice.
8．What puzzled Dr Harwood from paragraph 2?
A．What the royal jelly consists of.
B．Where nurse bees receive pathogens.
C．How the antigen come into the queen bees' bodies.
D．Whether honeybees run vaccination earlier than man.
9．How did Dr Harwood develop his experiment?
A．By dividing bees into different roles.
B．By keeping track of the special bacterium.
C．By changing the components of royal jelly.
D．By observing nurse bees' different behaviors.
10．What can we infer according to the results of the experiment?
A．Nurse bees are the key to vaccination for bee group.
B．The nurse bees pass the antigen only to the queen.
C．Bacteria-used royal jelly has fewer defense substances.
D．Two vaccinations are given to young bees by caregivers directly.
11．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A pet guide. B．A social website.
C．An official document. D．A medical magazine.
【答案】8．C9．B10．A11．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类并不是唯一发明疫苗的物种，蜜蜂是最先发明疫苗并实施疫苗接种的计划，这一发现已得到证实。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But the question is how the queen receives her antigen supply, for she lives purely on royal jelly, a substance secreted by nurse bees when they are in the life stage of feeding the young.(但问题是蜂后是如何接受抗原供应的，因为她完全靠蜂王浆生活，蜂王浆是看护蜂在哺育幼蜂的生命阶段分泌的一种物质)”可知，抗原如何进入蜂后的身体让Harwood博士感到困惑。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“To test this idea, they collected about 150 nurse bees and divided them among six queenless mini hives equipped with the young to look after. They fed the nurses on sugar-water, and for three of the hives they added Paenibacillus larvae, a bacterium causing a disease, to sugar-water.(为了验证这一想法，他们收集了大约150只保育蜂，并将它们分配到6个没有蜂后的迷你蜂箱中，并配备了幼蜂。他们给护士喂食糖水，并给其中三个蜂巢添加了一种致病细菌——芽孢杆菌幼虫)”和第四段中“Dr Harwood and Dr Salmela labeled the bacteria with a certain dye, to make them easy to track.(Harwood博士和Salmela博士用一种特定的染料对细菌进行标记，以便于追踪)”可推知，他们是通过追踪特殊的细菌来展开实验。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“All told, these findings suggest that nurse bees are indeed, via their royal jelly, passing antigens on to the queen, then into eggs. They also mean, because the young receive royal jelly for the first few days after they hatch, the nurses are giving the young the second antigens.(这些发现表明，保育蜂确实通过蜂王浆将抗原传给蚁后，以便将其接种到卵中。这也意味着，因为幼虫在孵化后的头几天也会接受蜂王浆，所以保育蜂也在给它们的幼虫注射疫苗)”可推知，每只幼蜂要接种两次疫苗，而每次都离不开保育蜂。故选A。
11．推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了蜜蜂是最先发明疫苗并实施疫苗接种的计划的新发现，所以应该出自与医学相关的杂志。故选D。
第三组
话题：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了情商的定义以及对有关于情商未来研究的期望。
难度：★★
建议用时：6分钟
Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
4．What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?
A．It can be measured by an IQ test. B．It helps to exercise a person’s mind.
C．It includes a set of emotional skills. D．It refers to a person’s positive qualities.
5．Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?
A．To explain a rule. B．To clarify a concept.
C．To present a fact. D．To make a prediction.
6．What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?
A．Favorable. B．Intolerant.
C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
7．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?
A．Its appeal to the public. B．Expectations for future studies.
C．Its practical application. D．Scientists with new perspectives.
【答案】
4．D 5．B 6．A 7．B
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了情商的定义以及对有关于情商未来研究的期望。
4．细节理解题。通过文章第一段“Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities (研究表明，情商技巧可能有助于这些品质的形成)”可知，情商指的并不是一个人的积极品质。故选D项。
5．推理判断题。通过文章第二段“The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. (医生可能利用这种准确理解他人感受的能力来找到最好的帮助病人的方法，而骗子可能利用这种能力来控制潜在的受害者)”可推知，作者在文章第二段中提到“医生”和“骗子”是举例子来阐明下文的观点——情商高并不一定能使一个人成为有道德的人。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。通过文章第三段“the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than
harmful. …The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers (宣传的总体效果一直是利大于弊。这种普及最积极的方面是雇主、教育者和其他对促进社会福利感兴趣的人对情感进行了新的、迫切需要的强调。情商的普及帮助了公众和研究人员)”可推知，作者认为情商普及是对人们有利的。故选A项。
7． 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives from which to study how people manage their lives. (我们希望这种关注将激发人们对情感科学和学术研究的更大兴趣。我们希望在未来的几十年里，科学的进步将为研究人们如何管理自己的生活提供新的视角)”可推知，本段主要谈了对未来关于情商研究的期望。故选B项。
第四组
话题：这是一篇议论文，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义。
难度：★★
建议用时：6分钟
Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
12．What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?
A．They're unfair. B．They're conservative.
C．They're objective. D．They're strict.
13．What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?
A．They think themselves smart. B．They look up to great thinkers.
C．They see gender differences earlier than boys. D．They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
14．Why are more geniuses known to the public?
A．Improved global communication. B．Less discrimination against women.
C．Acceptance of victors' concepts. D．Changes in people's social positions.
15．What is the best title for the text?
A．Geniuses Think Alike B．Genius Takes Many Forms
C．Genius and Intelligence D．Genius and Luck
【答案】
12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。
12．推理判断题。根据第三段的“It is said that history is written by victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women, or people of a different color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.( 据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可推知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.”(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.( 在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Who is a genius?（谁是天才）”和最后一段的“As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple geniuses, who are able to change the world.”(正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
第五组 记叙文推断题
话题：这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国橄榄球联盟球员JJ Watt的励志故事。
难度：★★
建议用时：6分钟
Dream Big, Work Hard, Help Others. Those words describe NFL player JJ Watt’s approach to life and his recipe for success on and off the field.
Although JJ, who plays for the Houston Texans, is perhaps the best defensive player in the National Football League (NFL), he just focuses on being the best human being he can be. His story is one of perseverance (毅力), heart, family and caring.
Recently, JJ has also focused his efforts on helping victims of Hurricane. He has been a national leader in raising funds and bringing people together to help. But first, where did JJ get his start in life and how did he become the person he is today?
Growing up in a small town in Wisconsin, he was told that he was “too small and not big enough” to ever play professional football. “There’s no way”, they said. Instead of letting the remarks of others diminish him, he used them to inspire himself.
He grew up learning to work while everyone else rested. JJ would get up at 4:30 in the morning to work out each day. He kept believing in himself, kept fighting and never gave up. He also got great support from his parents, family and friends, which made him stronger and more confident.
JJ’s story is not just one of achieving excellence in football, but in making a difference in the lives of others. Of all the inspiring stories, one was about JJ supporting a young man who was told he would not only be a football player. Instead, he, like JJ Watt, would be devoted to helping more people in need. Another awesome story shows a remarkable friendship that JJ has formed with 3 children who suffered a great tragedy. More recently, JJ became a national leader in helping his city of Houston raise money to help victims of Hurricane.
Such is JJ Watt, a simple man with a noble mind.
4．What do we know about JJ Watt from the first two paragraphs?
A．He has his own recipe in his field.
B．He carries the most moving stories.
C．He manages to be his personal best.
D．He is definitely the best defensive player.
5．What does the underlined word “diminish” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Abuse. B．Discourage. C．Praise. D．Boycott.
6．Which of the following best describes JJ Watt as a player on the field?
A．Ambitious and caring.
B．Friendly and demanding.
C．Generous and humorous.
D．Hard working and determined.
7．What does JJ Watt’s story imply?
A．To light the way for others, one must shine.
B．Nothing is difficult lo the man who will try.
C．Perseverance is the recipe for personal success.
D．Success means helping others make a difference.
【答案】4．C5．B6．B7．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国橄榄球联盟球员JJ Watt的励志故事。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Although JJ, who plays for the Houston Texans, is perhaps the best defensive player in the National Football League (NFL), he just focuses on being the best human being he can be.”（尽管效力于休斯顿德克萨斯人队的JJ可能是美国国家橄榄球联盟(NFL)最好的防守球员，但他只是专注于成为他能成为的最好的人。）可知，他尽力做到最好，故选C。
5．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Instead of letting the remarks of others diminish him, he used them to inspire himself.”（他没有让别人的评论贬低他，而是用它们激励自己。）可知，划线词diminish应该与inspire为相反之意，应该是“贬低”的意思，故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“JJ’s story is not just one of achieving excellence in football, but in making a difference in the lives of others.”（JJ的故事不仅仅是一个在足球上取得卓越成就的故事，而是一个为他人的生活带来改变的故事。）可知，JJ是一个对人友好的和对自己要求高的人，故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段段中“More recently, JJ became a national leader in helping his city of Houston raise money to help victims of Hurricane.”（最近，JJ成为了帮助他所在城市休斯顿筹集资金帮助飓风受害者的国家领导人。）可知，要照亮别人的道路，自己必须发光，故选A。
第六组
话题：这是一篇说明文。介绍了中医独特的理论和疗法。
难度：★★
建议用时：6分钟
China is one of the first countries to breed a medical culture. In comparison with Western methods, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) adopts a vastly different approach. For thousands of years, Chinese people have accumulated rich experience in fighting all sorts of diseases, therefore forming a unique medical theory under the guidance of ancient Chinese philosophies.
The core behind TCM is that the human body’s life is the consequence of the balance between yin and yang. Yang functions to safeguard us against outer harm, and yin is the inner base to store and provide energy. When the balance between the two aspects is disturbed, people fall ill.
One of the traditional techniques of TCM, acupuncture(针刺疗法), means insertion of needles into superficial structures of the body — usually at acupoints(穴位) — to restore the yin-yang balance. It is often accompanied by moxibustion(灸法), which involves burning the mugwort on or near the skin at an acupoint.
The first known text that clearly talks about something like acupuncture and moxibustion as it is practiced today is Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon. It is the earliest and most important written work of TCM and is considered the most representative medical text in China.
Acupuncture and moxibustion have aroused the interest of international medical science circles. And TCM is gradually gaining worldwide recognition. The WHO issued a document in 2002 that appealed to more than 180 countries to adopt TCM as an alternative in their medical policies. In 2010, acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine were added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO. Presently, TCM has been back in the news for its effectiveness in improving the cure rate of the COVID-19 since its outbreak in January 2020.
1.What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. TCM. B. Acupuncture.
C. Yin-yang balance. D. Moxibustion.
2.What can we learn about Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon from the text?
A. It distinguishes acupuncture from moxibustion.
B. It’s a foundation of world medical research.
C. It stresses the importance of using acupoints.
D. It greatly boosts the development of TCM.
3.What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?
A. To introduce TCM to the world.
B. To review the development of TCM.
C. To tell TCM and Western medicine apart.
D. To comment on TCM in fighting COVID-19.
4.What might be talked about in the paragraph following the text?
A. Why TCM gets recognition from WHO.
B. Why TCM is gaining popularity.
C. How TCM helps in the current situation.
D. How other countries adopt TCM well.
本文首先介绍了中医独特的理论和疗法,随后指出中医正在获得世界范围内的认可,且因其在提高新冠肺炎治愈率上的有效性而重新出现在新闻中。
1.B 考查代词指代。第三段第一句讲的是针刺疗法的相关内容,根据语境可知,此处表示针刺疗法经常伴随灸法,故It指的是Acupuncture。
2.D 考查推理判断。根据第四段内容可知,第一部明确谈到针刺疗法和灸法的文献就是《黄帝内经》,它是最早和最重要的中医书面著作,并被认为是中国最具代表性的医学文本,故选D"它极大地促进了中医的发展"。
3.A 考查写作目的。文章前半部分介绍了中医独特的理论和疗法,后面说中医正逐渐受到世界范围内的认可,由此可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是向世人介绍中医。
4.C 考查推理判断。由最后一段最后一句可知,自2020年1月新冠肺炎疫情爆发以来,因其在提高治愈率上的成效,中医再次出现在新闻当中,故可推知下面一段内容将围绕中医如何帮助解决目前情况而展开,故选C。
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