专题05：阅读六选四 -2022届上海高考名校模拟高三下试卷分项汇编 （含答案详解）

这是一份专题05：阅读六选四 -2022届上海高考名校模拟高三下试卷分项汇编 （含答案详解），共31页。
2022年上海名校高三下试卷分项汇编集萃

Reading Comprehension 阅读六选四

1. 上师大附属外国语中学高三第二学期四月线上诊断
2. 上海第三女中2021-2022学年第二学期四月线上教学评估
3. 华东师大二附中2021-2022学年第二学期四月在线阶段检测
4. 2022年复旦附中第十二次拓展考试
5. 2022年上海中学东校高三英语阶段测试
6. 2021-2022学年敬业中学第二学期期中质量调研
7.上海市实验学校2021-2022学年第二学期高三四月线上考
8.上海市建平中学2021-2022学年高三下学期3月考试
9.上海市七宝中学2021-2022学年高三下学期3月考试
10.上海市交大附中2021-2022学年高三下学期摸底考试









1.上师大附属外国语中学高三第二学期四月线上诊断
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Directions:Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Every Little Bit Counts?
One of the weapons in the fight against poverty is microcredit also called microlending). Microcredit is the practice of giving very small, short-term loans to poor people.______47______ The loans help the borrowers start or upgrade small businesses. Microcredit organizations assume that poor people can lift themselves out of poverty if they only have access to standard financial services.
Grameen Bank, started as a project in 1976, is a pioneer of microcredit._______48_______ Borrowers often have no steady job no other property, and no one to co-sign on the loan - common requirements for getting a loan elsewhere. Grameen Bank promotes credit as a human right, and with a 98% repayment rate, it seems to have helped its borrowers improve their lives and made a profit through interest in the meantime.
Successes like Grameen Bank and others caused governments and NGOs to rush to fund microcredit operations. How wonderful to imagine that the cure for poverty could be profitable! However, recent studies question how effective microcredit really is. Critics say that poor people with enoughentrepreneurial(创业的) drive to get a loan would have succeeded anyway. Those without the drive don't end up in better circumstances after paying back loans，which aren’t always used for businesses. ______49_____ And though microcredit is described as a way to empower women，some say the loans aren’t causing any measurable improvement in women’s lives.
The ideas behind microcredit are uplifting: that all humans are filled with potentials and that one small bit of assistance can help a whole family live better. ______50_____ Time and close study will tell if microcredit is really the miracle it appears to be.
A. They also say that without a basic education, poor borrowers aren't equipped to manage the businesses they create.
B. In general, the loans are 100 USD or less, usually paid back within six months.
C. Borrowers need to provide the credit history, which the lenders will use as the criteria when evaluating a loan.
D. They may, however, ignore systematic causes of large-scale poverty.
E. Most microcredit agencies are struggling as the vast majority of loans are not paid back.
F. It has given out more than eight billion dollars in loans to people who could never borrow money otherwise.
【47~50题答案】
【答案】47. B 48. F 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了小额信贷历史以及利与弊。
【47题详解】
空前说小额信贷是向穷人提供非常小的短期贷款的做法，接下来是对这一句的解释说明，故B项（一般来说，贷款额在100美元或以下，通常在六个月内还清）符合语境。
【48题详解】
空前说格拉明银行成立于1976年，是小额信贷的先驱，此处承接上文，讲的是格拉明银行为小额信贷所做的贡献，F项中的It指代的就是Grameen Bank，故F项（它已经向那些再也借不到钱的人发放了80多亿美元的贷款）符合语境。
【49题详解】
空前说那些没有动力的人在偿还贷款后的境况并不会更好，因为贷款并不总是用于企业，此处承接上文，讲的还是关于这些人的想法或做法，故A项（他们还说，没有基础教育，贫穷的借贷者就没有能力管理他们创建的企业）符合语境。
【50题详解】
空前说小额信贷背后的想法令人振奋：所有人都充满了潜力，一点小小的帮助就能帮助整个家庭生活得更好，空后又说时间和深入的研究将告诉我们，小额信贷是否真的是一个奇迹，这说明此处应该会体现出小额信贷存在的问题，故D项（然而，它们可能忽视大规模贫困的系统性原因）符合语境。
【点睛】在六选四的解题过程中，被选选项中出现的代词与上文出现的某一名词之间的指代关系往往是重要线索，例如本篇第2题，根据空前的“Grameen Bank, started as a project in 1976, is a pioneer of microcredit”可知，格拉明银行成立于1976年，是小额信贷的先驱，此处承接上文，讲的是格拉明银行为小额信贷所做的贡献，F项中的It指代的就是前面出现的Grameen Bank，故F项（它已经向那些再也借不到钱的人发放了80多亿美元的贷款）符合语境。
Ⅳ. Summary writing (10分)
Michael(5670233) 2022/4/5 11:01:53
要写好记叙文的概要，先要找到以下两个问题的答案：(1)谁做了什么？(2)结果如何？如果是夹叙夹议文，还要加上这个故事给人们的启示或教育意义。
Michael(5670233) 2022/4/5 11:02:35
说明文的概要写作一般有三种参考模板：(1)描写某事物的性质功用。即“对象＋性质功用＋利好” (2)针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题＋解决方法” (3)介绍某现象及其原因和结果。即“现象＋原因＋结果”。
Michael(5670233) 2022/4/5 11:03:04
议论文通常包括论点、论据和结论，因此写议论文的概要时，最重要的是要找出主题句(the topic sentences)、支撑句(supporting sentences)和结论句(conclusion sentences)， 找准主题句尤其重要。

2.上海第三女中2021学年第二学期高三英语线上教学评估
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
As parents of a child with a progressive and potentially fatal illness, Maryanne and Nick O’Hara lived on hope. Hope that their daughter, Caitlin, who was diagnosed with cystic fibrosis at age 2, would receive the lung transplant she spent two and a half years waiting for in her early 30s. Hope that her body wouldn’t reject it. That hope faded on Dec. 20, 2016, when Caitlin died of a brain bleed, two days post-transplant. She was 33.
____47____ And so she signed for a certificate program to become an end-of-life doula (陪护), or “death doula”, working with individuals and families as they moved from this life into whatever is next.
Unlike hospital workers, doulas don’t get involved in medical issues. ____48____ And they step in whenever needed. That could be a few days before someone dies, sitting with them in their last hours, giving hand massages, chatting with them or even making snacks. Or it could be months or even years earlier, after someone receives a terminal diagnosis. They keep them company, listen to their life stories, or plan funerals.
As for Ms. O’Hara, who is also a novelist, she is primarily helping people write their life stories. “I went into it thinking ‘I’ve been a volunteer with people who are dying. I’ve lost my loved one. I’m an expert in grief,’” she said. ____49____
“You really can’t tell anyone else how to feel grief,” Ms. O’Hara said. “You can offer advice, but there is no timeline for grief. As soon as people get a diagnosis, they are grieving. Their way of life is over.”
____50____ “My grief is never going to go away,” she said. “I wouldn’t want it to. Grief and joy and love — it’s part of the same spectrum (图谱). I’m grieving because I loved someone so much.”
A She believes that grief and joy can coexist.
B. She believes that joy is nowhere to be found.
C. Heart-broken, her mother decided to try to give meaning to her grief.
D. The training was really a way of going even deeper into others’ grief and joy.
E. Rather, they support clients emotionally, physically, spiritually and practically.
F. But the longer she took part in the program, the more she realized that she was only an expert in her grief.
【47~50题答案】
【答案】47. C 48. E 49. F 50. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Maryanne Hara失去女儿后成为了一名临终陪护的故事。
【47题详解】
空格前说“That hope faded on Dec. 20, 2016, when Caitlin died of a brain bleed, two days post-transplant. She was 33.(2016年12月20日，这一希望破灭了。移植两天后，凯特琳死于脑出血。她33岁)”，空格处应讲凯特琳死后她父母的反应，空格后说“And so she signed for a certificate program to become an end-of-life doula (陪护), or “death doula”, working with individuals and families as they moved from this life into whatever is next.(因此，她签署了一个证书项目，成为一名陪护，或“死亡陪护”，与个人和家庭一起工作，让他们从今生进入下一个阶段)”，因此空格处应提到凯特琳的父母决定做有意义的事情，C选项“Heart-broken, her mother decided to try to give meaning to her grief.(心碎了，她的母亲决定试着让她的悲伤有意义)”讲了凯特琳母亲的反应及她的决定，因此C选项承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
【48题详解】
空格前说“Unlike hospital workers, doulas don’t get involved in medical issues.(与医院工作人员不同，陪护不涉及医疗问题)”，空格处应提到陪护干的工作和医疗无关，E选项“Rather, they support clients emotionally, physically, spiritually and practically.(相反，他们在情感上、身体上、精神上和实践上支持客户)”说明了陪护是在情感上、身体上、精神上和实践上帮助客户而不是在医疗方面帮忙，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【49题详解】
空格前说“I’ve lost my loved one. I’m an expert in grief(我失去了我爱的人。我是悲伤方面的专家)”，空格后说““You really can’t tell anyone else how to feel grief,” Ms. O’Hara said. “You can offer advice, but there is no timeline for grief.(“你真的无法告诉别人如何感受悲伤，”O’Hara说。你可以提供建议，但悲伤是没有时间限制的)”，由此可知，她不能教别人怎么感受悲伤，F选项“But the longer she took part in the program, the more she realized that she was only an expert in her grief.(但她参加这个项目的时间越长，她就越意识到她只是一个她自己的悲伤的专家)”表明她只是自己的悲伤的专家，而不能给他人提供悲伤的相关知识，因此F选项承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
【50题详解】
空格后说“Grief and joy and love — it’s part of the same spectrum(悲伤、快乐和爱——它们是同一光谱的一部分)”可知，悲伤、快乐和爱是可以共存的，A选项“She believes that grief and joy can coexist.(她相信悲伤和快乐可以共存)”点明悲伤和快乐可以共存，与后文的“是同一光谱的一部分”相呼应，因此A选项引起下文，符合语境，故选A。

3.华东师大二附中2021学年第二学期在线阶段检测
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage and then choose the most suitable sentences from the list below for the passage. Note that there are two extra sentences.
Some of us take on second jobs to make ends meet. Some do it for a chance to do the work they actually enjoy. And some of us create our own second jobs to build a business or create our own projects. No matter what the reason, though, juggling more than one job is guaranteed to be a “crash” course in time management.
We all know that we’ll have to figure out a time management system when we take on a second job. Equally obvious is the fact that what works for one person (and their jobs) probably won’t work for anyone else. ____47____. There are a few tricks, though, that can help.
____48____. Even if you are the boss on your second job — you’re working for yourself — you have an obligation to keep that work separate from your day job. Focus on what’s in front of you. There’s actually a benefit to punching a clock when you work for more than one supervisor. When you’re on the clock for Company A, you know exactly which projects you should be working on. If Company A is paying for this time, you should be theirs, heart and soul, at least until you clock out.
Good records can also help. I’m not just talking about the calendars and task lists most of us rely on. Making sure that you have any contact information available whether you’re at Job A, Job B or home can take some extra effort, but it’s worth it. ____49____.
I know plenty of people who bring their work to their primary job. It seems to be a favorite tactic of folks starting up a freelancing career or small business. I don’t think that’s the best way to manage a packed schedule. If you don’t have your primary employer’s permission, the arrangement is secret at best. That said, these situations do happen. If you’re in one of them, the best advice is to just keep things quiet.
Some companies don’t want to work anywhere else. They want to put in your eight hours, go home, sleep well and come back rested. Others consider employees who go looking for other projects as its benefits --such employees have a jump start on networking and have a wider variety of experiences.
Unfortunately, most supervisors do not come with a label describing which variety they belong to. ____50____. So the general rule seems to be that you keep quiet on your extracurricular activities. I wouldn’t talk about Job A at Job B, although, if my boss was to bring up the matter, I’d be entirely truthful.
A. Priority should definitely be given to your day job
B. The same goes for your notes and other paperwork
C. It’s up to you to find a system and stick with it
D. Sometimes it is no easy task to make decisions between Job A and Job B
E. Keep firm dividers between your different jobs
F. It can be very hard to figure out your boss’s attitude
【47~50题答案】
【答案】47 C 48. E 49. B 50. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了当我们在从事第二份工作时，如何找到适合自己的时间管理系统的几条建议。
【47题详解】
根据空格前句子“Equally obvious is the fact that what works for one person (and their jobs) probably won’t work for anyone else.(同样明显的事实是，对于一个人（以及他们的工作）有效的东西可能对其他人无效)”可知，不同的人或者工作，其合适的方法是不同的，所以取决于你自己去寻找一个有效的方法，并坚持下去。由此可知，C项“It’s up to you to find a system and stick with it(该由你自己去找到一个系统并坚持下去)”符合文意。故选C。
【48题详解】
根据空格后“Even if you are the boss on your second job —you’re working for yourself — you have an obligation to keep that work separate from your day job.(即使你是第二份工作的老板——你为自己工作——你也有义务把这份工作和你的日常工作分开)”可知，此段主要讲述即使自己创业，也要把不同的工作区分开。由此可知，E项“Keep firm dividers between your different jobs.(在不同的工作之间保持牢固的界限)”符合文意。故选E。
【49题详解】
根据该段第一句“Good records can also help. I’m not just talking about the calendars and task lists most of us rely on.(好的记录也有帮助。我说的不只是我们大多数人依赖的日历和任务列表)”可知，该段主要讲述记录的重要性。由此可知，B项“The same goes for your notes and other paperwork.(你的笔记和其他文书工作也是如此)”符合文意。故选B。
【50题详解】
根据最后一段“Unfortunately, most supervisors do not come with a label describing which variety they belong to.(不幸的是，大多数主管都没有一个标签来描述他们属于哪种类型)”可知，大部分公司不会明确表态是否支持员工找兼职，老板的态度很难捉摸，所以最好就是保持沉默，不要告诉别人你的兼职工作。由此可知，F项“It can be very hard to figure out your boss’s attitude.(想要弄清楚你老板的态度是非常困难的)”符合文意。故选F。

4.复旦附中第十二次拓展考试
Section C
Directions: Read the following article and choose the most suitable statement from A – AC for each blank. There are two extra statements which you do not need.
Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), which means “Doctors Without Borders”, was established in 1971. It is now one of the world’s largest organizations that provide emergency medical relief. In 1999, it won the Nobel Peace Prize. Its aim is to help people who have suffered badly in wars or natural disasters, such as earthquakes or floods.
Each year, about 3,000 people are sent abroad to work in more than 60 different countries worldwide. ___47___ In most projects, there are about seven local members to every one of foreigner. Volunteers are paid about $1,400 each month and receive travel expenses. They usually work on a project for six months to a year. Many volunteers go on more than one mission.
One volunteer reports, “Working in politically sensitive areas with limited resources can be frustrating, but there is huge satisfaction in making even a small or temporary difference to people. What better recommendation than to say, “I’m about to leave on a third mission!”
___48___ You have to be able to deal with stress, and you need to be able to work independently as well as in a team. You are not required to have medical qualifications. Besides medical expertise, MSF needs the skills of technical staff such as building engineers and food experts.
___49___ “One of my biggest challenges was organizing a team to open a new hospital in a town that had had no medical care for three years,” one volunteer said. This volunteer said the project was a success because of the reduction of deaths and the fact that the local people were so thankful. Another volunteer says, “With MSF, I have had the chance to travel and test my skills to the limits both professionally and personally. ___50___”
A. In some countries, there are even more volunteer professionals than locally hired staff.
B. The rewards can be enormous.
C. MSF relies on volunteer professionals but also works closely with about 25,000 locally hired staff.
D. What do volunteers have in common?
E. What qualities and skills do you need to become a volunteer?
F. The reaction of volunteers returning from MSF speaks for itself.
【47~50题答案】
【答案】47. C 48. E 49. F 50. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无国界医生组织（MSF）成立于1971年，意思是“无国界医生”。它现在是世界上最大的提供紧急医疗救援的组织之一。1999年，它获得了诺贝尔和平奖。它的目的是帮助那些在战争或自然灾害中遭受重创的人，比如地震或洪水．
【47题详解】
根据上文“Each year, about 3,000 people are sent abroad to work in more than 60 different countries worldwide.(每年约有3000人被派往世界各地60多个不同的国家工作)”以及下文“In most projects, there are about seven local members to every one of foreigner.(在大多数项目中，每名外国人大约有七名当地成员)”可知，此处应填“无国界医生组织依靠专业志愿者，但也与当地约2.5万名雇员密切合作”。故选C。
【48题详解】
根据下文“You have to be able to deal with stress, and you need to be able to wait independently as well as in a team.（你必须能够应对压力，而且你既要能够独立地也要在团队中等待）”可知，本段围绕志愿者的素质技能展开。此题属于段首设空，E选项“What qualities and skills do you need to become a volunteer?”放在段首能起到引出下文的作用。故选E。
【49题详解】
根据下文“This volunteer said the project was a success because of the reduction of deaths and the fact that the local people were so thankful.（这位志愿者说，这个项目之所以成功，是因为死亡人数减少了，而且当地人非常感激。） Another volunteer says, “With MSF, I have had the chance to travel and test my skills to the limits both professionally and personally.（另一名志愿者说：“有了无国界医生，我有机会旅行，并在专业和个人方面测试我的技能。）”可知，本段从志愿者角度评价MSF。F选项中“reaction”、“speaks for itself”与下文呼应，且该选项也能作为本段的主旨句。故选F。
【50题详解】
前文“With MSF, I have had the chance to travel and test my skills to the limits both professionally and personally.（有了无国界医生，我有机会旅行，并在专业和个人方面测试我的技能。）”和空格内容一同作为该志愿者说话内容，且从意思上判断，这两句话都围绕“MSF志愿服务的好处”展开，因此此处应填“回报可能是巨大的”。故选B。

5.上海中学东校高三英语阶段测试
Section C共8分
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Seize the day! Live today and stop putting off what you have always dreamt of experiencing. How exciting and fun your life is depends only on you. Traveling is what makes your life complete. Finding balance isn’t easy yet it is worth trying. Enhance your life by going to South America to learn the history of the ancient tribes(部落). ___47___ Finding out more about European culture or flying to Africa to see the amazing nature. There are hundreds of reasons why you should travel. Here are only three of them
There is no tomorrow- take a break right now. Be unplanned and travel whenever you feel like leaving your daily routine and boredom. ___48___ It is tiring and exhausting to live according to some schedule. If you need a break now, then simply take it and let yourself enjoy the time. who told you that the calendar exists to control you? What if it’s time for you to control your own timetable? No need to wait for you scheduled annual break. Make it happen sooner. Your company won’t bankrupt(破产) or disappear if you leave it for a week or two. There are plenty of people who can substitute for you and do your job while you are away. You can do some of it in advance or you can keep it on hold. Here the point is to plan a week ahead.
You cannot be a good employee if you are unhappy and tense. Your family suffers too. When your mind is free, you can perform at 200 percent. ___49___You lose balance and harmony if you experience too much stress, perform a lot of demanding routine and constantly take responsibilities. Take care of yourself. Make sure that your well-being does not suffer.
Actually, it does not pay off to go on vacation when the season is in full swing. Prices are usually much higher in this period and you may spend much more money than expected. ___50___ Hunting for a last minute trip is humiliating(羞耻的), especially when you know you deserve a decent holiday. Spread your vacation days across the year. Isn’t it better to take a few trips a year and visit a new country every time than having one longer trip to one destination?
A. Having a travel agency help you with all the bookings may be a good choice.
B. It is stressful to find out that you cannot book tickets or hotel rooms for a reasonable price.
C. There’s so much to see when you finally take your annual leave.
D. Visiting Southeast Asia with its impressive beaches.
E. Waiting for a certain time of the year so that you could spoil yourself is wrong.
F. You are useless as a worker if your body does not feel great
【47~50题答案】
【答案】47. D 48. E 49. F 50. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是你应该去旅行的三个理由。
【47题详解】
空格前说“Enhance your life by going to South America to learn the history of the ancient tribes.(去南美洲学习古代部落的历史，可以提升你的生活质量。)”，空格后说“Finding out more about European culture or flying to Africa to see the amazing nature.(了解更多的欧洲文化，或者飞到非洲去看看令人惊叹的自然风光。)”，因此空格处应该会提到去南美洲，欧洲，非洲以外的另一个大洲旅游，D选项“Visiting Southeast Asia with its impressive beaches.(参观有着令人印象深刻的海滩的东南亚。)”提到了去东南亚旅游，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
【48题详解】
空格前说“Be unplanned and travel whenever you feel like leaving your daily routine and boredom.(当你想要摆脱日常生活和无聊的时候，就去旅行。)”，空格后说“It is tiring and exhausting to live according to some schedule.(按照一定的时间表生活是很累人的。)”，说明旅行不一定非要提前计划安排，E选项“Waiting for a certain time of the year so that you could spoil yourself is wrong.(等待一年中的某个时候来宠爱自己是错误的。)”说明不应该非要等到一定的时间才去旅行，和空格前后内容相呼应，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【49题详解】
空格前说“When your mind is free, you can perform at 200 percent.(当你的思想自由的时候，你的表现可以达到200%。)”，空格后说“You lose balance and harmony if you experience too much stress, perform a lot of demanding routine and constantly take responsibilities.(如果你经历了太多的压力，执行了很多要求苛刻的日常工作，并不断承担责任，你就会失去平衡和和谐。)”，说明要做好工作，你得感觉良好，F选项“You are useless as a worker if your body does not feel great(如果你的身体感觉不好，那么你就是一个无用的工人)”说明了要做好工作就要让自己感觉好，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
【50题详解】
空格前说“Prices are usually much higher in this period and you may spend much more money than expected.(这段时间的价格通常会高很多，你可能会花比预期更多的钱。)”，说明你不能以合理的价钱订到酒店，B选项“It is stressful to find out that you cannot book tickets or hotel rooms for a reasonable price.(当你发现自己无法以合理的价格预订机票或酒店房间时，你会感到压力很大。)”说明了因为价格高很多，所以不能以合理的价格订酒店，因此B选项承接上文，符合语境，故选B。

6. 2021学年敬业中学第二学期期中质量调研
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage and fill in each blank with the sentence that best fits the context. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
Reaching the top
Many social scientists have studied the phenomenon of success. One American study claims that your social network is the key to success. ____47____ Perhaps this boosts your self-confidence or perhaps you have more people to support you. Another study links height and success: every extra centimeter is worth another $300 per year. The trouble is that for every person to whom these theories apply, there is an exception.
However, in his book Outliers—The Story of Success, author, Malcolm Gladwell, has come up with a theory that he claims is true in every case. ____48____.He has calculated exactly how many hours work you need to do in order to become ‘the best’ in your field: 10,000 hours apparently or about four hours a day for ten years. Without this kind of determination and hard work you probably won’t reach the top, regardless of your talent.
Researchers looked at violin players in a music school to test this theory. Teachers put the players into three groups: average players in group C, good players in group B and outstanding players in group A. It turned out that all the players in group A had done around 10,000 hours of practice in their lifetime. The good players had done around 6,000 hours and the average players only 4,000 hours. However, all the players had entered the school with similar levels of ability.
____49____ Mozart, for example, is always considered a ‘born genius’. He performed in public at the age of four and by six, he had composed several pieces. Surely his success was down to natural talent, not hard work? In fact, Gladwell argues, Mozart had a very strict father who made him practice for hours each day from an early age. And the music that Mozart composed when he was six wasn’t outstanding. ____50____. By that time, he’d done at least 10,000 hours of practice and had ‘become’ a genius.
Talent, argues Gladwell, is nothing without hard work. So next time you dream of scoring the winning goal in the World Cup or winning an Oscar, ask yourself this question: are you really prepared to put in the hours necessary to achieve your goal?
A. He says that the secret of success is simply many hours of hard work.
B. But surely there are exceptions to this rule?
C. Nevertheless, researchers do find some exceptions.
D. Mozart wrote his first real masterpiece when he was twenty-one.
E. Apparently, every extra friend that you have at school adds two percent to your salary later in life!
F. Talent didn’t seem to work as well as generally thought.
【47~50题答案】
【答案】47. E 48. A 49. B 50. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种关于成功的理论：成功的秘诀就是长时间的努力工作。
【47题详解】
上文“One American study claims that your social network is the key to success.(一项美国研究声称，你的社交网络是成功的关键。)”提到了社交网络是成功的关键，选项E中every extra friend是关键词，与上文的社交网络呼应，所以E选项“显然，你在学校多交的朋友会给你以后的生活增加2%的工资!”符合语境。故选E项。
【48题详解】
下文“He has calculated exactly how many hours work you need to do in order to become ‘the best’ in your field: 10,000 hours apparently or about four hours a day for ten years.(他精确地计算了你需要工作多少小时才能成为你所在领域的“佼佼者”：显然是1万个小时，或者说10年里每天大约工作4个小时。)”提到了时间投入问题，所以他的观点应该是成功与投入时间的程度有关系。选项A中many hours of hard work是关键词，与下文呼应，所以A选项“He says that the secret of success is simply many hours of hard work.(他说成功的秘诀就是长时间的努力工作。)”符合语境。故选A项。
【49题详解】
下文“Mozart, for example, is always considered a ‘born genius’. He performed in public at the age of four and by six, he had composed several pieces. Surely his success was down to natural talent, not hard work?(例如，莫扎特总是被认为是“天生的天才”。他四岁就开始在公众面前表演，到六岁时，他已经创作了几首曲子。 他的成功肯定是靠天赋，而不是靠努力? )”讨论了莫扎特的成功是靠天赋还是靠努力这一问题，所以B选项“但这条规则肯定有例外吧?”能引出下文的讨论，符合语境。故选B项。
【50题详解】
下文“By that time, he’d done at least 10,000 hours of practice and had ‘become’ a genius.(到那时，他已经进行了至少1万个小时的练习，“成为”了一个天才。)”提到的这个时间，还是在说莫扎特，选项D中Mozart是关键词，与下文的he保持一致，所以D选项“莫扎特在21岁时写出了他的第一部真正的杰作。”符合语境。故选D项。

7.上海市实验学校 2021 学年第二学期高三四月线上考
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Directions: After reading the passage below, choose the best answers from the six statements according to what you have just read.
Your Incredible Brain
Physicist Emerson Pugh once said that if the human brain were so simple that we could understand it, we would be so simple that we couldn’t. Thankfully, the complexity of brain is so great that we are not simple and neither, therefore, is the task of understanding it.
___47___ Our latest attempt to count them suggests there are 75 different types in the neocortex alone, the area responsible for our most advanced thoughts and behaviors.
That isn’t to say our efforts to explore the brain’s mysteries are in vain. Despite Pugh’s observation, we are always learning more and more about how a 1.5-kilogram lump of tissue that flutters and crackles inside our skull can come up with our most elaborate ― behaviors. ____48____
Breakthroughs in the understanding of how our brain stitch (缝合) together our sense of reality are redefining what it means to be conscious. They are also highlighting the persistent power of the mind, even in the cases in which our bodies hide all signs of awareness.
We don’t appear to be heading towards a world of jars full of brains, bodies thrown away, just yet though. ___49___ Gut thinking is not just a clever turn of phrase: microbes in our intestines (肠道) affect our risk for neurological conditions, and can influence our mood and mental health.
And when it comes to preventing cognitive decline, physical activity is crucial. Still, let’s not reject a sci-fi future entirely ― we know, for instance, that magnetic stimulation can have many uses, from treating depression to supercharging our brain’s processing power, effectively making us smarter.
The human brain has many more revelations in store, and they may require us to rethink old ideas or correct our assumptions. ____50____ After all, between our ears lies the most complex object in the known universe.
A. But that should come as no surprise.
B. Our brain-body connection has never been so strong.
C Pugh’s claim appears to be widely challenged among scientific circles.
D. Yet each new insight raises more questions, while it also casts age-old problems in a new light.
E. We seem to have a long way to go before we will be able to shed any further light on the structure of the brain.
F. However, it can feel like an amazing achievement to establish even basic facts, such as how many different kinds of brain cells we have.
【47~50题答案】
【答案】47. F 48. D 49. B 50. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人类不可思议的大脑的复杂性和对其展开的研究。
【详解】1.根据下文的“Our latest attempt to count them suggests there are 75 different types in the neocortex alone, the area responsible for our most advanced thoughts and behaviors.”（我们最新统计方法表明仅在新皮质就有75种，新皮质负责我们大多数先进的思想和行为）可知，设空出应讲述对大脑进行研究后发现了很多不同种类和功能的细胞。F项 “然而，即使是建立基本的事实，比如我们有多少不同种类的脑细胞，也会感觉是一个惊人的成就。”切合文意，选项中的“different kinds of brain cells”呼应下文的“there are 75 different types ”。故选F。
2.根据上文“That isn’t to say our efforts to explore the brain’s mysteries are in vain. Despite Pugh’s observation, we are always learning more and more about how a 1.5-kilogram lump of tissue that flutters and crackles inside our skull can come up with our most elaborate ― behaviors.”（这并不是说我们探索大脑奥秘的努力是徒劳的。尽管Pugh的观察（认为大脑很复杂），但我们一直在了解这个重1.5公斤、在我们的颅内颤动和裂纹的组织是如何产生我们最精细的行为）可知人们一直在对大脑进行研究，由此推知设空处将陈述每次研究都会产生不同的见解，这些见解会让人们重新审视之前对大脑的一些认识。D项“然而，每一种新的见解都会引发更多的问题，同时也会用新的眼光看待那些古老的问题。”符合语境。故选D。
3.根据后文“Gut thinking is not just a clever turn of phrase: microbes in our intestines (肠道) affect our risk for neurological conditions, and can influence our mood and mental health.”（直觉思维不仅仅是一个聪明的措辞：我们肠道里的微生物会影响我们患神经系统疾病的风险，也会影响我们的情绪和精神健康。）可知，直觉思维不是一句搪塞的措辞，我们的身体的确会影响我们的大脑。由此可知，设空处说明我们的大脑和身体的紧密关系。B项 “我们大脑和身体的联系从未如此紧密过。”符合语境。故选B。
4.前文“The human brain has many more revelations in store, and they may require us to rethink old ideas or correct our assumptions”（人类的大脑还有更多的启示在等待着我们，它们可能需要我们重新思考旧的想法或纠正我们的假设）和选项A中的“that should come as no surprise”（这不足为奇）构成转折关系，对应选项中的转折词But，选项中的that代指前文“The human brain has many more revelations in store, and they may require us to rethink old ideas or correct our assumptions”。后文“After all, between our ears lies the most complex object in the known universe.”（毕竟，在我们的耳朵之间存在着已知宇宙中最复杂的物体。）解释了不足为奇的原因，所以选项A切合文意。故选A。

8.上海市建平中学2021-2022学年高三下学期3月考试
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Team up with former enemies
Dozens of Israeli climate-tech companies are teaming up with once-unfriendly neighbors in the Arab world, working together to stop the threat that climate change will render much of their region uninhabitable.
“It's a matter of human existence,” said AI Anoud AI Hashmi, chief executive of the Futurist Company in the UAE, whose government-supported project-management firm has been working with Israeli companies and organizations since the relation-normalization deals were signed. ____47____ “We need to put the same money, the same commitment that we used for war toward an ecosystem for peace and prosperity in the region.”
Elad Levi, the vice president for the Middle East and Africa for the Israeli company Netafim, agreed that “there's an opportunity to work together.” The company invented the world's first drip-irrigation systems, developed at tiny Kibbutz Hatzerim in Israel's Negev desert, which covers half of the country.
____48____ They signed peace treaties with Israel decades ago but their relations with the Jewish state long remained chilly. Last month, Israel announced plans to sell 50 million cubic meters of water a year to Jordan, the largest known water sale in the history of the two countries. The arrangement is possible because of Israel's development of desalination plants, which now supply 80 percent its drinking water.
“It's not out of generosity,” said Gidon Bromberg, the Israeli director of the regions environmental organization Eco-peace. “It's out of an understanding that Jordan is particularly vulnerable. ____49____.”
Since the normalization deals, Israeli business with the Arab world has risen quickly. Trade between Israel and Arab countries has grown 234%, according to Israel's Bureau of statistics. He agreements “have opened the floodgates,” said Fleur Hassan-Nahoum, deputy mayor of Jerusalem. She estimated that trade just between Israel and the UAE has reached $1 billion.
In Glasgow, Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett pledged net-zero emissions by 2050. In a meeting with Microsoft founder Bill Gates, Bennett announced plans for a climate-change working group focused on water solutions and other regional climate issues. ____50____
A. It is Israel's own security needs to help Jordan meet its water needs.
B. Despite Israel's advances in climate technology, scientists warned that decades of governmental neglect have left the country unprepared for the coming crisis.
C. He said Israel was committed to exporting its "brainpower" and experience as its main contribution to the global fight against climate change.
D. Over the years, Israel has used technology to transform the vast desert into an agricultural region where high-tech, water-saving farms grow crops.
E. She insists that the region can no longer afford to spend resources on conflicts.
F. The normalization agreements have also given a boost to Israel's economic ties with Jordan and Egypt.
【47~50题答案】
【答案】47. E 48. F 49. A 50. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了数十家以色列气候技术公司正与曾经不友好的阿拉伯邻国合作，共同阻止气候变化将使该地区的许多地区变得不适宜居住的威胁。文章列举了各方人士对此的看法。
【47题详解】
根据上文““It's a matter of human existence,” said AI Anoud AI Hashmi, chief executive of the Futurist Company in the UAE, whose government-supported project-management firm has been working with Israeli companies and organizations since the relation-normalization deals were signed.(“这是人类生存的问题，”阿联酋未来主义公司首席执行官AI Anoud AI Hashmi说。自两国签署关系正常化协议以来，该公司由政府支持的项目管理公司一直在与以色列的公司和组织合作)”以及后文“We need to put the same money, the same commitment that we used for war toward an ecosystem for peace and prosperity in the region.(我们需要把我们用于战争的同样的资金，同样的承诺投入到该地区的和平与繁荣的生态系统中)”可知，后文提到AI Anoud AI Hashmi认为应该把资金用于地区的和平与繁荣的生态系统中，可见AI Anoud AI Hashmi认为不应该再为战争冲突花费资源。E选项中She指代上文AI Anoud AI Hashmi。故E选项“她坚持认为该地区不能再为冲突花费资源”符合语境，故选E。
【48题详解】
根据后文“They signed peace treaties with Israel decades ago but their relations with the Jewish state long remained chilly. Last month, Israel announced plans to sell 50 million cubic meters of water a year to Jordan, the largest known water sale in the history of the two countries. The arrangement is possible because of Israel's development of desalination plants, which now supply 80 percent its drinking water.(几十年前，他们与以色列签署了和平条约，但与这个犹太国家的关系长期冷淡。上个月，以色列宣布计划每年向约旦出售5000万立方米的水，这是两国历史上已知的最大的水销售。这一安排之所以成为可能，是因为以色列正在开发脱盐工厂，目前以色列80%的饮用水都是由这些工厂供应的)”可知，后文提到了两国历史上已知的最大的水销售，可见经济联系得以加强，故F选项“正常化协议也促进了以色列与约旦和埃及的经济联系”符合语境，故选F。
【49题详解】
根据上文““It's not out of generosity,” said Gidon Bromberg, the Israeli director of the regions environmental organization Eco-peace. “It's out of an understanding that Jordan is particularly vulnerable.(“这不是出于慷慨，”地区环境组织“生态和平”的以色列负责人吉顿·布朗伯格说。“这是出于一种认识，即约旦特别脆弱)”可知，上文提到了以色列负责人吉顿·布朗伯格提到给约旦销售水不是出于慷慨，可见本句是在说明他们的真正目的：帮助约旦满足用水需求是以色列自身的安全需要。故A选项“帮助约旦满足用水需求是以色列自身的安全需要”符合语境，故选A。
【50题详解】
根据上文“In Glasgow, Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett pledged net-zero emissions by 2050. In a meeting with Microsoft founder Bill Gates, Bennett announced plans for a climate-change working group focused on water solutions and other regional climate issues.(在格拉斯哥，以色列总理纳夫塔利·贝内特承诺到2050年实现净零排放。在与微软创始人比尔·盖茨的一次会议上，贝内特宣布了成立一个气候变化工作组的计划，该工作组的重点是解决水问题和其他地区气候问题)”可知，上文提到了以色列总理宣布成立一个气候变化工作组的计划，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文具体说明这一举措背后的原因，C选项中climate change对应上文中climate-change。故C选项“他说，以色列致力于输出其“智力”和经验，作为其对全球应对气候变化的主要贡献”符合语境，故选C。

9.上海市七宝中学2021-2022学年高三下学期3月考试
Section C
He was wandering in a rice field of dreams. ____47____ After walking a while he lay down in the leaf-shade with a friend, quite hidden. A rest was a good idea, because the wonder-plants went on and on. In fact, they covered the world.
Then Yuan Longping woke up, laughing. ____48____. But they still deserved their name of super rice. The leaves were straighter and taller than ordinary, and the grains plumper. They had all the vigor of the wild strain that he and his team had found after much searching and had cross-bred, over careful years, with the domesticated variety.
The figures spoke for themselves. ____49____. In Yunnan province more than 17000 kilograms had been produced per hectare. China’s rice crop had risen from 57m tonnes in 1950 to 195m in 2017; from food deficiency, to food security. Higher rice-yields allowed farmers to turn more land to other uses-fruit, vegetables, fishponds-so that people ate more and well.
For this he won the Medal of the Republic, China’s highest, and the World Food Prize. An asteroid was named after him. There was talk of the Nobel, too. ____50____. Though he was rich, from his shares in a seed company that used his name, he looked like a peasant, thin as a twig, with his face leathered by sun and his big hands rough from “playing in the mud” all day.
He was far happier in his short-sleeved work-shirts, out in his rice, or stripped off swimming in any wild river he could find, than in a tang suit in some conference hall.
A. Nothing but the continuous development of his beloved country seemed to attract him
B. With his new hybrid rice the annual yield was 20-30% higher, so at least 60m more people could be fed every year.
C. His dreams focused on his people and his country, where all enjoyed food and wealth.
D. All that seemed just smoke to him.
E. The plants were taller than men. Each grain is as big as a peanut.
F. The rice plants he had tended for decades at Anjiang and then Changsha, sowing and nurturing them, visiting daily on his motorbike to inspect them, were not quite there yet.
【47~50题答案】
【答案】47. E 48. F 49. B 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平先生。
【47题详解】
根据后句“After walking a while he lay down in the leaf-shade with a friend, quite hidden. A rest was a good idea, because the wonder-plants went on and on.”（走了一会儿，他和一个朋友躺在叶荫下，很隐蔽。休息一下是个好主意，因为这些神奇的植物不停地生长。），E项：这些植物比人高。每粒谷物都有花生那么大，后句承接E项，说明植物不停地生长及其特点。故选E。
【48题详解】
根据后句“But they still deserved their name of super rice.”（但它们仍然当之无愧地获得了超级稻的称号），F项：几十年来，他先后在安江和长沙照料水稻，播种和培育，每天骑着摩托车来视察，但这些水稻还没有长成，由but可知，前后句之间为转折关系，F项说明这些水稻还没有长成和后句构成转折关系。故选F。
【49题详解】
根据后句“In Yunnan province more than 17000 kilograms had been produced per hectare. China’s rice crop had risen from 57m tonnes in 1950 to 195m in 2017”（在云南省，每公顷产量超过17000公斤。中国的水稻产量已从1950年的5700万吨增至2017年的1.95亿吨），B项：有了他的新杂交水稻，年产量提高了20-30%，因此每年至少可以多养活6000万人，后句承接B项具体说明新杂交水稻使年产量得到提高。故选B。
【50题详解】
根据上句“For this he won the Medal of the Republic, China’s highest, and the World Food Prize. An asteroid was named after him. There was talk of the Nobel, too”（为此，他获得了中国最高的共和国勋章和世界粮食奖。一颗小行星以他的名字命名。还有关于诺贝尔奖的讨论），D项：对他来说，这一切都只是烟雾，D项承接上句，说明袁隆平先生并不注重这些。故选D。

10.上海市交大附中2021-2022学年高三下学期摸底考试
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
New Players Help Build Emotional Intelligence in Children
Children of all ages gathered in New York City recently for the International Toy Fair. Hidden among already popular toys were new, high-tech educational products. Educational products are important to the toy industry. In recent years, parents have shown an interest in STEM-related toys—ones that help teach Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics. ____57____ These toys reportedly not only help raise intelligence in children, but also their emotional quotient, or EQ.
Companies showed off their products last week at New York's Jacob Javitz Convention Center. PlelQ is a set of plastic toy blocks. It uses augmented reality (增强现实) technology to teach words, numbers and other things. Edison Duran directs the company that makes PlelQ. She showed people at the toy fair how virtual images appear on the blocks when they are held in front of a tablet camera. Intelligence includes intrapersonal (内心的) skills—processing information within one's mind—and interpersonal skills, or dealing with other people. ____58____.
On the other side of the convention center, Karen Hu demonstrated an educational robot called Woobo. The robot comes programmed with educational games and activities. Children use its touchscreen face to get them started. ____59____ Hu described how the robot can help a child who has autism spectrum disorder (自闭症障碍). “He [ the child] can communicate with Woobo and he can follow some of the instruction Woobo is giving because he think(s) of this as a companion instead of a parent or someone else telling him to certain things.”
A more low-tech companion is a toy animal called Manimo. The manufacturer says this toy can help reduce hyperactivity in children and improve their ability to pay attention to a subject. Whether it's a snake, dolphin or other animal, Manimos can be placed across a child's arm, chest or neck. Karine
Ganger, president of Manimo, explained that adding deep pressure to one's body can help calm a child before bedtime.
It remains to be seen whether a game or toy can improve emotional intelligence. ____60____.
A. Duran said PlelQ builds on both by having children act as teacher or guide to a companion character.
B. Rated best by of the year, it helps to enhance a child's personality development.
C. But toy-makers are doing what they can to help parents in their efforts to raise well-rounded children.
D. But now, toy-makers are working to create products improving a child s emotional intelligence as well.
E The purpose of the toys is to develop children's IQ.
F. Toys that work as companions also aid in social development.
【答案】57. D 58. A 59. F 60. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了玩具制造商正努力制造高科技教育产品类的玩具，去帮助孩子们建立情商。
【57题详解】
由上一句“In recent years, parents have shown an interest in STEM-related toys—ones that help teach Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics.”（近年来，家长们对与STEM相关的玩具表现出了兴趣，这些玩具有助于教授科学、技术、工程和数学。）和下一句“These toys reportedly not only help raise intelligence in children, but also their emotional quotient, or EQ.”（据报道，这些玩具不仅有助于提高儿童的智力，还有助于提高他们的情商。）可知，上文讲到与STEM相关的玩具有助于教授科学、技术、工程和数学，提高儿童的智力，下文讲到一些玩具提高情商，上下文讲功能不一样的玩具，应是转折关系，引出提高儿童情商的玩具，承接上下文，D选项“但现在，玩具制造商也在努力开发提高儿童情商的产品。”切题。故选D项。
【58题详解】
由上五句“PlelQ is a set of plastic toy blocks. It uses augmented reality (增强现实) technology to teach words, numbers and other things. Edison Duran directs the company that makes PlelQ. She showed people at the toy fair how virtual images appear on the blocks when they are held in front of a tablet camera. Intelligence includes intrapersonal (内心的) skills—processing information within one's mind—and interpersonal skills, or dealing with other people.”（PlelQ是一套塑料玩具块。它使用增强现实技术来教授单词、数字和其他东西。Edison Duran领导着制造PlelQ的公司。她在玩具展上向人们展示了当虚拟图像被放在平板相机前时，它们是如何出现在积木上的。智力包括处理头脑中的信息和人际交往技能，或与他人打交道的能力。）可知，上文讲Edison Duran展示PlelQ如何来实现教授单词、数字、提高智力的功能和原理，该空填写内容应与PlelQ提高智力的功能和原理相关，承接上文，A选项“Duran说，PlelQ建立在这两者的基础上，让孩子们担任老师或引导同伴角色。”切题。故选A项。
【59题详解】
由下两句“Hu described how the robot can help a child who has autism spectrum disorder (自闭症障碍). “He [ the child] can communicate with Woobo and he can follow some of the instruction Woobo is giving because he think(s) of this as a companion instead of a parent or someone else telling him to certain things.””（胡描述了机器人如何帮助患有自闭症障碍的儿童。“他（孩子）可以和Woobo交流，他可以遵循Woobo的一些指示，因为他认为这是一个伴侣，而不是父母或其他人告诉他某些事情。”）可知，下文讲名为Woobo的教育机器人可以帮助自闭症儿童（缺乏社交能力），孩子可以和Woobo交流，在此过程中，孩子的社交能力会提升，所以可得出玩具Woobo可以帮助孩子发展社交能力，承接下文，F选项“作为同伴的玩具也有助于社交能力启发。”切题。故选F项。
【60题详解】
由上一句“It remains to be seen whether a game or toy can improve emotional intelligence.”（游戏或玩具能否提高情商还有待观察。）可知，上文说这些玩具是否真的能提高儿童的情商还尚未知晓，但是从全文都可以看出玩具生产商想要生产出能帮助儿童提高情商的玩具的良好愿望，因此可以推测他们是想尽力做好这些玩具的，承接上文，C选项“但玩具制造商正在尽其所能帮助父母努力培养全面发展的孩子。”切题。故选C项。