英语-2022届高三下学期开学摸底考试卷A（课标全国专用）

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绝密★考试结束前2022届高三下学期开学摸底考试卷A（课标全国专用）英语（考试时间：120分钟  试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分  听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所 给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.At what time will the man's daughter see a doctor?A 11:15. B. 1:45.       C.1:50.2 .What happened to the woman on her way to the farm?A . Her car was damaged. B. She lost her car.   C.She was hit by a car.3.What instrument does Harry play?A. The piano.   B. The guitar.   C.The violin.4.How did the man know about this year's Cookery Club?A. From the woman. B. From the website.   C. From Mr. Bath.5.What are the two speakers talking about?A. A shop.  B. A cinema.  C.A restaurant.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Where are the speakers probably?A. At the Customs. B. At a garage.  C.At a police station.7.What did the man buy for his sisters wedding party?A. Bottles of beer. B.Cigarettes.  C.Red wine.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.What relation is the woman to Paul Green?A His wife.      B His secretary.    C His customer.9.What does the man want Paul Green to do?A. Give him some information on the meeting.B. Solve the problems of the new software.C. Put off the meeting until Wednesday.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Where are the speakers?A. At the man's office.B. At a bus stop.C. On a bus.11. What aspect of the bus service does the woman suggest improving?A. The time.B. The ticket price.C. The comfort level.12. What does the woman find dissatisfying?A. The drivers are impolite.B. There are too many old buses.C. The buses are dirty on the way home.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题13. Why won't the boy join the football team this year?A. He dislikes having too much practice.B. He wants to try something new.C. He didn't do well in it.14. What does the girl want to do?A. Play a sport.B. Practice music often.C. Have more time for rest.15. What does the boy think of dancing?A. It is for girls only.B. It is useless.C. It is suitable for him.16. What club will the boy join?A. The music club.B. The cooking club.C. The dance group.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. How long should people put their burnt hands in cool sill water?A. About 20 minutes.B. About 12 minutes.C. About 10 minutes.18. How should people bring down the temperature?A. By keeping warm.B. By taking a bath.C. By shutting the window.19. What should people do to deal with backaches?A. Keep moving gently.B. Lift some heavy boxes.C. Go to bed and rest until it gets better.20. What is the speaker mainly discussing?A. Situations calling for first aid.B. Mistakes in dealing with injuries.C. Simple treatment for some situations.第二部分  阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALord of the FliesAn airplane evacuating schoolboys from Britain during World War II is shot down over a remote tropical area. Two boys, Ralph and Piggy find the other surviving boys and begin to organize the group. As time passes, rivalries are formed, rules are broken and civilized behavior has turned savage. Lord of the Flies is a classic study on human nature, adolescence, and competition by William Golding. The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnHuck Finn, Tom Sawyer’s best friend, stakes out his own adventure in this classic coming-of-age tale. Tired of trying to be good and fearful of his drunken father, Huck Finn runs away and takes Jim, a man who has escaped enslavement, with him. Together they sail down the Mississippi River on a raft and experience dangerous as well as comical adventures along the way. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is an enduring classic.A Separate PeaceA friendship forms between two boys attending a New England boarding school during World War IL. Gene, smart and socially awkward, draws the attention of Phineas, a handsome, athletic and outgoing boy. The two become friends, but war and rivalry lead to a tragic accident. John Knowles is the author of A Separate Peace, a classic story about friendship and adolescence.Of Mice and MenBest friends Lennie and George travel from farm to farm in California looking for work while trying to avoid trouble. Although both men are good workers and have dreams of owning their own farm, they never stay at one job long because of Lennie. Lennie is a simple-minded gentle giant who doesn’t know his own strength and often gets into trouble. When tragedy strike, George must make am awful decision that will alter the plans he and Lennie have made for their future. Of Mice and Men is a classic John Steinbeck story about migrant workers and the downtrodden surviving the Great Depression. 21．Which pair of books covers the subjects of adolescence and competition?A．Of Mice and Men and Lord of the FliesB．Lord of the Flies and A Separate PeaceC．The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Lord of the FliesD．A Separate Peace and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn22．What often upsets George’s plan for the future?A．George’s tendency to get into trouble.  B．Lennie’s dependence on George.C．Lennie’s inability to manage his own strength. D．George’s identity as a migrant worker.23．Which of the four books includes the element of humor?A．Lord of the Flies B．A Separate PeaceC．Of Mice and Men D．The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnB Praised as the “Edgar Snow of a New Era”, British journalist Andrew Moody devoted himself to accurately reporting on China for over a decade.  Born in Nottinghamshire in September 1960, Moody’s interest in journalism began at age 15. What came next was a storied career that would last 4 decades. A visit to Shenzhen, Guangdong province, in 1997 turned his attention to China. During that visit, he was surprised by the great changes that had taken place in China. Moody began working for China Daily in 2008. In his 13 years at the paper, he published more than 1 million words in the newspaper group’s different publications.“These stories aim to explain to a wider audience the strategies(策略)and aims of the Chinese government, and also look at the challenges and difficulties it faces,” Moody wrote. “I also attach importance to issues which go largely ignored in the mainstream Western media, and which often fail to provide a full or true image(形象)of China.”To better cover China, Moody read a lot. In his Beijing apartment, there were more than 160 books about the nation. Su Qiang, a China Daily editor who worked with Moody for 8 years, said, “He had read all the books that top experts had written about China, and he closely followed how the world viewed China.” Moody also learned to speak Mandarin, traveled to most provinces and autonomous regions throughout China and exposed himself to the Chinese way of life.“China is moving into a new era in which it is much more confident about its position and status in the world. I have a definite sense of history in the making,” said Moody. He hoped that he could be one of the witnesses and reporters of this historic time.“So even when he was suffering from a serious disease, Moody still soldiered on. All he cared about was whether he could keep on working,” said Wang Liping, Moody’s attending doctor.When he passed away in June 2021, many people were sad. “His death will be a huge loss to those who are working hard on the dialogue between China and the outside world,” said Kerry Brown, a professor of Chinese Studies at King’s College London.24．What can be known about Andrew Moody?A．He moved to China to work in 1997.B．He reported on China for four decades.C．He considered Edgar Snow to be his role model.D．He began to show interest in journalism as a teenager.25．What did Moody do when he was working for China Daily?A．He drew a wider audience to the newspaper.B．He reported on the typical Chinese way of life.C．He accurately introduced China to more people.D．He communicated with the mainstream Western media.26．What did Moody’s attending doctor think of him?A．Fearless. B．Devoted. C．Optimistic. D．Ambitious.27．What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?A．To praise an honorable foreign journalist.B．To describe Moody’s colorful life in China.C．To correct Western media’s impression of China.D．To show an accurate image of China to the outside world.CDo you like to keep fit? We’re always told that regular exercise is good for our body and mind. More and more people are taking up activities that improve their fitness. But is there a risk some of us might get addicted and overdo it?Well, for some people, fitness has become an addiction as they aim for perfection. And fitness trackers and apps can add to it, especially if someone is driven by achievement and perfectionism. And sharing data on social media means exercising becomes public and competitive, which could cause problems in someone who is delicate. Experts say this can lead to a medical condition called orthorexia nervosa, or addiction to ‘healthy’ eating and over-exercise. Untreated, it can lead to nutritional disorder and mental health confusion. According to a Worklife article:“Research from scientists at University College London in 2017 found that higher social media usage was associated with increased likelihood of developing orthorexia, especially among followers of the ‘healthy eating’ influencers.”Too much exercise can also take its toll on someone’s physical health as well. Symptoms of over-exercising include injuries such as sprained ankle, tendinitis (腱炎) and a low immune system. So how much exercise is too much? Research by the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found the ideal pace to jog was about eight kilometres per hour—and that it was best to jog no more than three times a week or for 2.5 hours in total, showing that moderate jogging is possibly more beneficial than being inactive or undertaking fierce jogging. If you’re more of a couch potato, this might sound like good news. But for amateur who can’t help but push their bodies to the limit, the advice from Martin Turner, a sports and exercise psychologist, is, “it’s all about letting go, not being addicted, learning not to control everything, saying, ‘You don’t need to be perfect. ’”28．What may result in fitness addiction according to the passage?A．Some people are going too far in pursuing sports outcome.B．People are addicted to fitness trackers and apps.C．Social media make delicate people public and competitive,D．A growing number of people are participating in sports to improve fitness.29．What do we know about “orthorexia nervosa” according to Paragraph 3?A．It will surely lead to both mental and physical disorder.B．People who strictly follow healthy eating are more likely to suffer from it.C．It is because of the usage of social media.D．It means people eat healthily and exercise regularly.30．What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word “take its toll on” in Paragraph 4?A．Be beneficial to. B．Depend on.C．Have an influence on. D．Do damage to.31．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A．The best way to exercise is to jog.B．For couch potatoes, you can choose either inactive or fierce jogging.C．The ideal pace to jog is three times a week and 2.5 hours in total.D．Advice to non-professionals is not to push yourselves too hard.DI’m retiring from teaching and will enjoy family life with my wife and grandchildren. Recalling my teaching career, I have a lot to share, but one thing is for sure: Teachers learn just as much from students as students learn from teachers. Here are a few of the things I have learned in my job.Roger was physically and mentally delayed. About once a month, we would have a dance in our classroom. Roger was awkward and ashamed when it came to asking a girl to dance with him. But once, I noticed that Roger was slow dancing with Leah, one of the most popular girls in the class.He had the biggest smile on his face. The next day, when Roger left my classroom to work with his support teacher, I praised Leah for inviting Roger to dance. That simple act of including him in a slow dance was such a great move. At our next dance, Roger asked Leah and every girl in the class to dance. No one turned him down. Leah taught me about the kindness of a simple act and its great effect.It was Serena who showed us what bravery was about. Serena was our play’s narrator (旁白员). She was scared she would forget her lines. “If you do,” I advised, “pause, stare at the audience and take time to remember. The audience will think it’s part of the play.” Halfway through the opening night, Serena forgot her lines. She stared out at the 300 people gathered in the gym. After what seemed like forever, Serena remembered. After the performance, she burst into tears backstage, thinking she had let everybody down. When our principal came back to congratulate our cast, she turned to Serena and said her pause worked so well. Little did she know about Serena’s little act of bravery.Teachers spend hours making lessons to teach skills and knowledge. We adjust lessons, keep the good and throw out the bad. A good teacher listens to and learns from students and often it has nothing to do with the curriculum.32．How did Roger feel in the class dance at first?A．Embarrassed. B．Surprised. C．Confident. D．Delighted.33．Which of the following words can best describe Leah?A．Creative and funny. B．Clever and brave.C．Humorous and patient. D．Kind and likeable.34．Why did Serena cry after the performance?A．She felt she had disappointed others.B．She was praised for her good performance.C．She was blamed for saying the wrong lines.D．She was extremely happy she had finished the task.35．What does the author want to express in this passage?A．He is proud of being a teacher.B．Students should be kind and brave.C．He is unwilling to retire from teaching.D．Teachers should also learn from students.第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ways to protect yourself onlinePeople often feel a sense of unknown and separation while on their computer. However, the online world exposes individuals to a wide range of possible dangers. Yet, by taking a few measures, being on the internet need not become a potential danger. SecurityWhether you get online to visit with loved ones, surf the web or complete financial transactions（业务）, your computer must be secure. 36． . However, for added protection, you must install software that prevents viruses from infecting your device. Otherwise, hackers may be able to also obtain your passwords and get into your online accounts. Password WisdomThe more complicated the password, the harder you make it for hackers to decode. Recommended passwords often contain upper and lower case letters along with numbers and symbols. 37． . IT techs also advise that you change your password every month or so to heighten the security. 38． If shopping online or making other financial transactions, make sure the website has safety features. Safe websites typically have an "https" address and a closed padlock somewhere on the page. Still, make sure the page is safe by clicking on the padlock. There should be a security certificate displayed. Check the “issued to" pop-up window（弹窗）to ensure that the issuance（发布）matches the page. 39． . Download DangersWhen you download a file, game or program, you are at risk for additionally getting viruses or unwanted software. 40． . These programs may then gain access to files on your computer or follow your keystrokes（按键）to sites and gain access by learning your passwords.A．Select Websites CarefullyB．Many sites have hidden programs within applicationsC．Use with caution when connecting your mobile devices at airports or in hotelsD．If not, you are on a phishing site（钓鱼网站）that will steal personal informationE.If possible, write your passwords down and keep them in a safe placeF.When conducting business online done, make sure to log out of the siteG.Make sure security updates are regularly installed（安装）and the firewall is working第三部分  语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Peter and Lisa Marshall’s wedding day was unforgettable, according to Lisa. But her husband has    41    it. “It’s the    42    part because you want to remember the happy past, and you’re alone in the    43    ,” she said. Three years ago, at the age of 53, Peter was    44    with early Alzheimer’s（老年痴呆症）. Eventually, he forgot his wife. Lisa became just another nameless    45    , with their entire    46    together erased. And yet, a whisper of their    47    must have remained—because all of a sudden, Lisa said, her husband started courting（求爱）her, as if they’d just started    48    . One day, when a wedding scene came on TV, Peter pointed to the    49    , “Let’s do it.”“And I said, ‘Do what?’ And he pointed again. And I said, ‘Do you want to    50    ?!’ And he got this smile on his face and he said, ‘Yeah.’ So he fell in love with me    51    ,” Lisa said. Lisa    52    . A few months ago, she    53    a wedding for her already husband. “I can’t even describe to you how    54    it was. He was so    55    and happy. And it was very touching,” she said. Unfortunately, it was a Cinderella（灰姑娘）moment. The clock struck    56    and by the next morning, this    57    too was lost to the fog. But Lisa had fully    58    that. “I’m the one who’s going to    59    that. And that’s going to help me heal later, because it really is a true love story,” she said. Alzheimer’s can    60    so much—but fortunately, love is almost always the last to go.41．A．broken B．missed C．ignored D．forgotten42．A．most unfair B．saddest C．most surprising D．angriest43．A．memory B．faith C．way D．schedule44．A．familiar B．popular C．diagnosed D．satisfied45．A．doctor B．caretaker C．teacher D．employer46．A．journey B．dream C．wealth D．life47．A．love B．quarrel C．hope D．apology48．A．acting B．meeting C．dating D．working49．A．house B．screen C．audience D．host50．A．take part B．walk around C．get married D．have fun51．A．immediately B．finally C．again D．deeply52．A．accepted B．cheered C．hesitated D．refused53．A．attended B．hosted C．saw D．staged54．A．competitive B．magical C．popular D．typical55．A．present B．friendly C．old D．creative56．A．gradually B．loudly C．midnight D．hard57．A．wife B．wedding C．girl D．plan58．A．expected B．reported C．refused D．judged59．A．study B．abandon C．remember D．copy60．A．call back B．cut down C．give up D．take away第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Morrisons, Britain’s fourth largest supermarket chain, is launching a trial to sell milk in glass bottles 61． (promote) a greener environment. Morrisons said that customers could return the bottles, 62． will be reused for ten years or more. This measure could remove 40,000 plastic bottles a year from circulation, thus 63． (reduce) emissions (排放) of carbon dioxide. “We want to help our customers live 64． (they) lives with less plastic,” Natasha Cook, Morrisons packaging manager, said. “Re-using glass milk bottles is 65．  easy leap for many people to make because they remember that this was how milk used to arrive on doorsteps.”The use of glass milk bottles 66． (decline) over the past 50 years from the 1970s. However, Steve Hynd, policy manager at City to Sea, said, “We know this move is popular, with three in four people 67． (tell) us they want more refill options to deal with plastic 68． (pollute).”The environmental case for glass bottles is still debatable. Wrap, a waste charity, has said that the bottle must be re-used at least 20 times for them to be a 69． (good) option than plastic. Morrisons has said that the milk bottle trial will also reduce carbon emissions 70． the containers will travel shorter distances from local dairies.第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分35分）第一节  短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许改10处，多省（从第11处起）不计分。High school is difficult for everyone if you admit it or not. But joining in a club will be beneficial to you.Getting into a club is great way to meet new people. It forced you to interact with peers(同龄人)that have similarly interests. Beside, it looks really good on their college applications. Being known as outgoing is an advantage which shows your willingness to put yourself out there. Be determined, and best of all, trying new things. Some things are so important that you will use them every single days of your life. They will all trace back to the skills as you learned in your high school club.第二节  书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom发来邮件询问你的近况及上大学准备报考什么专业。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1. 正在认真备考；2. 打算报考的专业：3. 报考理由。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯。Dear Tom, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua