2022年高考英语押题预测卷+答案解析+听力音频 03（北京专用）

2022年高考押题预测卷03【北京专用】

英语

（考试时间：90分钟  试卷满分：100分）

本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。

第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．

Your first day anywhere can be tough. As a supply teacher, I had one such experience when I was required to work at a special education school.

When I received the call asking if I was available that day, a wave of____2____rushed over me. I'd never taught in a special school before, but I____3____pulled myself together and drove to the school. On the way there, I had____4____about everything I couldn't do.

As I____5____, I was greeted by the head who assured me there was “nothing to worry about”, but I was feeling anything but! I was told I would teach key stage 1.

____7____by their parents, the children began to show up. I tried to hide _my anxious feelings, although a few drops of____9____were noticeable.

The whole class, a total of 8 with various special needs, arrived by 9:30. Contrary to my____10____, as the day went on, my stress levels went down. The children were expressive, unique and passionate, though there were times that left me slightly____12____by their screams.

As the day ended, I can____13____say it was one of the best experiences of my teaching career. I hope anyone will admit _working at a special school and allow the passion of the children there to____15____their love of teaching.

1．A．panic B．sadness C．anger D．sympathy

2．A．hesitantly B．regularly C．eventually D．desperately

3．A．plans B．thoughts C．doubts D．opinions

4．A．broke up B．sped up C．picked up D．pulled up

5．A．Abandoned B．Suspected C．Accompanied D．Raised

6．A．ink B．rain C．sweat D．blood

7．A．decisions B．conclusions C．suggestions D．predictions

8．A．inspired B．refreshed C．shocked D．satisfied

9．A．regretfully B．honestly C．jokingly D．patiently

10．A．celebrate B．earn C．guarantee D．awaken

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

A

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A white telephone booth (电话亭), known as the Phone of the Wind, ___11___(sit) in a garden on top of a hill. Though disconnected, the phone serves a surprising purpose: helping people speak out  ___12___ they feel embarrassed to say in front of others.

  Having thought about the idea for a long time, Sasaki finally ___13___(build) the booth. “My thoughts can’t be relayed over a regular phone line, so I want them ____14____(carry) on the wind. I hope others can also express their feelings in the same way.”

B

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A group doctors, ____15____ had been specially trained in skiing skills in China over the last four years, provided medical treatment during the Winter Olympics. In the field, if there was an accident, the ski doctors had to be ____16____on the scene in four minutes with a 10-kilo medical bag and had to deal with the injuries and remove the ____17____ (injure) athlete from the track in just 15 minutes.

C

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Athletes are not only  _______18_______( compete), but good friends—that’s a main attraction of the Olympics. That’s______19______ _ athletes send best wishes to their competitors, even if they have themselves lost. As competitors they compete for gold, but as friends they work together to challenge limits. The hugs received from other competitors are always remarked in the Games because the true Olympic spirit is beyond victory and national boundaries. Winning a medal is definitely important, but one needs a golden heart to cope with all the difficulties on the field and still congratulate their competitors. That’s what makes the Olympics________20________ (attract).

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．A

Eye Opener Volunteer

Description

For about 30 years, the Museum of Science Eye Opener Program has been working with the Boston Public Schools to bring the exciting world of science to second grade students from across the city. Each year, about 3, 000 students from over 45 Boston schools visit the museum to explore, ask questions and find answers. Since 1986, funds from the Germeshausen Family Foundation have supported the Eye Opener Program in providing a guided museum experience for second graders.

With the help of a large corps of volunteers, the program introduces these students to the museum and gives them a chance to engage in science. Eye Opener volunteers encourage exploration and the excitement of discovery as they share the museum with the children. They achieve these goals through conversation, hands-on experiments, exploration of exhibits, and Practicing scientific thinking skills with program participants.

Responsibilities

Each Tuesday morning, the students are grouped into sets of 4 to 6 with a pair of volunteers who give them a tour of the museum. Tours last about two hours and are tailored to the interests of the students.

Learn the lay-out of the museum to share and explore with second graders the exhibits which May be interesting to them.

Encourage children to observe, compare, describe, ask questions and share ideas.

Know museum emergence and safety procedures.

Work in close collaboration with a diverse group of volunteers.

Minimum Qualifications

● Patience, sensitivity, and understanding.

● Willingness to work with young children and high school students of all backgrounds and abilities.

● Interest in informal science education.

Additional details

Commitment: Four-to six-month commitment.

Time: Tuesday mornings (9:30-12:30) throughout the school year.

Training: Attendance at the New Volunteer Orientation session is required.

21．The Museum of Science Eye Opener Program aims at ________.

A．encouraging teenagers to visit the museum

B．guiding young girls fall in love with science

C．directing Boston schools to teach science

D．helping kids engage in science in the museum

22．What can students do through the program?

A．Pay a visit to the museum any day they like.

B．Learn about what they are interested in.

C．Take a tour of the museum in a group of two.

D．Look around the museum for 4 hours each time.

23．The Volunteers are required to ________.

A．work on Tuesday mornings B．get a diploma in science

C．have a sense of humor D．volunteer for at least one year

B

I first discovered the Little Free Library concept while being on a 2015 vacation in Santa Barbara, California. I fell in love with the idea of free literature-sharing boxes posted at the edges of parks and along sidewalks in neighbourhoods. And because our home was already filled with mountainous piles of books, my husband wasn’t the least bit surprised when I suggested starting a Little Free Library of our own. In our garden shed (棚) , we filled the shelves with books from our personal collection. Over the next two months, strangers discovered our Little Free Library and began their regular visit.

My love of reading dates back to 1970, when I studied in a three-room primary schoolhouse on a dirt road. One day, I accidentally came to the basement library and I was fascinated by the picture books. Unfortunately, the books were later thrown away when the school discovered the basement was full of mould (霉). Happily, weeks later, a truck arrived with a trailer—which, with the help of our county’s public library, had been transformed into a paradise (乐土) for those who enjoyed reading. Now I still remember the floor-to-ceiling shelves and the carpeted benches in it. Every time I left, I wrote my name on several sign-out cards, which were filled with names of children from neighbouring schools. We liked the same books and, although we never met, I considered them friends.

At the beginning of the first COVID-19 lockdown, our Little Free Library began to include children’s stories. I witnessed mothers lifting their children for a look into the library. Walkers included our street in their route so they could check for new offerings. Some folks routinely drove from several blocks away to visit. From time to time, visitors filled shelves with literary fiction, romances, poetry and a range of non-fiction. I smiled when people met me in the yard and commented that our Little Free Library was like a bird feeder.

We remain grateful that we have kept our Little Free Library open. It has become an alternative means of creating a community of people with mutual regard for humanity and the written word. We are together even when apart.

24．What inspired the author to start the Little Free Library?

A．Her large collection of books. B．An experience during a vacation.

C．Her husband’s encouragement. D．Strangers’ visit to her garden shed.

25．From the passage, we can learn that________.

A．neighbouring schools donated books to the Little Free Library

B．the author’s enthusiasm for reading started from her childhood

C．children wrote their names on the sign-out cards to meet friends

D．the county’s public library became a perfect place for book lovers

26．People considered the Little Free Library a bird feeder because________.

A．it provided food for thought B．it attracted birds for shelter

C．visitors could feed birds here D．people could exchange books here

C

Are you relatively skinny but growing a “beer belly”?

Then don’t be surprised at your next checkup if the nurse measures your waistline to determine your healthy weight. That’s because research is showing that a protruding (鼓出的) belly may be a sign of VAT — a dangerous form of fat around organs deep inside your body. “Studies confirm that visceral (内脏的) fat is a clear health risk,” said Dr. Tiffany Wiley, a senior expert at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland. Unlike the fat just under your skin, visceral fat raises your risk for heart disease. Experts think that’s because visceral fat raises blood pressure and inflames (使发炎) tissues and organs.

However, you can’t assume you’re safe from visceral fat if your overall weight is healthy, experts stress. That’s because you can have dangerous visceral fat even if you’re not considered overweight — and not have any visceral fat even if you are overweight.

How do you know if your stomach is protruding into dangerous size? Do a check. Non-pregnant women with a waist size greater than 88 cm and men with a waist larger than 102 cm, are at higher risk according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. If you’re Asian, it drops to 80 cm for women and 90 cm for men. But it is only a rough measure. “The only sure way to know is to check your visceral fat levels on a CT scan or MRI,” say experts.

According to the AHA committee, the most salutary physical activity to “shrink” belly is aerobic exercise. Aerobic means “with oxygen”, so aerobic exercise increases your breathing rate and promotes the circulation of oxygen through the blood. This type of exercise makes the heart work more effectively and improves its ability to move oxygen-carrying blood with every beat. Speed walking, jogging, stair climbing, cycling and swimming are all examples of aerobic exercise.

“However, more studies are needed to determine the best physical activity, food and other lifestyle changes to reduce heart disease risk,” Dr. Tiffany Wiley added.

27．What would a “beer belly” cause?

A．Enlarged organs inside the body. B．Higher risk of heart disease.

C．Raised mental pressure. D．Inflamed stomach.

28．Who would be relatively healthier according to the experts?

A．A white man with a waist size of 120 cm.

B．A white woman with a waist size of 90 cm.

C．An Asian man with a waist size of 102 cm.

D．An Asian woman with a waist size of 75 cm.

29．Which word can replace the underlined word “salutary” in paragraph 5?

A．Beneficial. B．Difficult. C．Enthusiastic. D．Useless.

30．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?

A．Doing aerobic exercise can remove visceral fat completely.

B．Heart ability improves when one does speed walking.

C．Further studies are needed to reduce heart disease risk.

D．Food and life style determine one’s body shape.

D

The Greenwood fire took its name from the nearby lake where lightning struck on Aug.15, causing a wildfire that burned for weeks. Fueled by drought and wind, its persistence dominated headlines for much of late summer and early fall in Minnesota. When the last flames were finally put out, the northern Minnesota fire had consumed nearly 27,000 acres, countless firefighting resources, and at its worst, the lives that some had built around nearby McDougal Lake. Vast areas of forest were left burned-out, with the black and bare remains of what were once massive pines.

But, despite the destruction left behind, Mother Nature is set to a comeback. When organic matter is burned from the forest floor, seeds dropped by plants and trees begin to take hold, with the sprouting species emerging first. The trees above have died, which sends a chemical signal to the root system that is actually more expansive than just under that tree, and that chemical response encourages those root systems to re-grow. Ten years ago, a fire ripped through 93,000 acres of Minnesota forest in and around the BWCA．Today, that burnt area's rebirth is well underway.

"Here in the Pagami Creek wildfire scar, we have Jack Pine, Red Pine, Black Spruce, Aspen and paper birch-those are our main species, those are the ones that are growing quickly. It's 10 years on, and these trees are 10 to 15 feet tall in many areas," said Kyle Stover from the U.S. Forest Service.

A wildfire kills most things in its path, but despite the flames and intense temperatures, rarely is everything reduced to ashes -and that plays a key role in a forest's regeneration. Just one year after the fire, the survivors dominate the forest, and grasses replace the burnt ground. Wildflowers are abundant bushes and small trees have started to grow, and Jack Pine returned. So, it's an amazing ecological system of creating new forest life when it appears that all is lost, one that has evolved throughout the ages, where fire has always played a vital role.

31．What can we learn about the Greenwood fire?

A．It was a natural occurrence B．It was caused by drought.

C．it gained half-year fame. D．It took many people's lives.

32．What happens to the burnt area after the fire?

A．Seeding growth is held up. B．Burnt organic matter hardly functions.

C．Root systems spread further and wider D．Chemicals in the soil are in greater demand.

33．What can we say about the trees and plants in Minnesota?

A．They are flammable B．They are fire-resistant

C．They are fire-adapted. D．They are overgrown.

34．What does the underlined word "one" in the last paragraph refer to?

A．A fire. B．A life C．A time. D．A system

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．选项中有两项为多余选项．

A 2020 study by Balbix found that 99% of the people surveyed reused their passwords between work accounts or between work and personal accounts. ___35___

For example, a 2019 study by Google found that 59% of the people they surveyed used a name or a birthday in their password. And 24% admitted using a password like one of these below: 1234, 12345, 123456, etc. ___36___ Since both personal and work accounts are accessible from the same device with the same password, it simplifies the work a bad actor has to do in order to breach (攻入) your systems.

 ___37___ The NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) Password Guidelines are widely regarded as the international standard for password best practices. Following these guidelines—and insisting your employees do the same—will help protect you against threats from weak or stolen passwords. Password managers can simplify the work required for your employees to follow these guidelines.

It's more secure to require your employees to use more than one authentication (身份验证) factor to access mobile company applications. ___38___ They'd need to check on their identity with additional authentication factors in order to log in.

Finally, you can also perform passwordless authentication. ___39___ For example, in the event that a mobile device is stolen or accessed illegally, requiring a facial scan (扫描) or a finger scan as a primary or secondary authentication factor could still prevent unauthorized access.

A．Passwords are commonly shared in the workplace.

B．It will help you to root out password risks altogether.

C．Many employees still create weak and simple passwords.

D．These bad password habits present a threat to organizations.

E．That helps reduce the risk that a bad actor gains access to your systems.

F．Unfortunately, the passwords that employees are reusing are often weak.

G．However, that's not to say there is no way to reduce or uproot password threats.

第三部分  书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。

What makes some people incapable of apologizing even when they’re clearly in the wrong?

People who cannot apologize often have deep feelings of low self-worth. When their delicate ego(自我) cannot absorb the blow of admitting they were wrong, their defense mechanisms kick in—they may place blame and even argue about basic facts to prevent the threat of having to lower themselves by offering an apology.

Unfortunately, many of us mistakenly interpret these people’s defensiveness as a sign of psychological strength. That’s because outwardly they appear to be tough individuals who refuse to back down. But this doesn’t show that they’re strong—it shows that they’re weak.

Admitting that we’re wrong is emotionally uncomfortable and painful to our sense of self. In order to take responsibility and apologize, our self-worth needs to be strong enough to absorb that discomfort. Indeed, if our self-worth is higher and more stable, we can tolerate the temporary discomfort that such an admission involves—without the walls around our ego falling down.

But if our self-worth is seemingly high but actually breakable, that discomfort can go through our defensive walls and score a direct hit to our ego. Indeed, the more fixed one’s defense mechanisms are, the more delicate the ego they’re protecting.

The mistake we often make when faced with someone who’s habitually incapable of apologizing is to become angry and try to win our argument with them. But the sad reality is that we can never win. In these situations, the best we can do is make our points as calmly and as convincingly as we can and then disengage from the argument when it becomes unproductive—like when they disagree with the facts, come up with silly excuses or turn to mean remarks.

40．Why can’t some people apologize?

41．What do many people mistakenly think of a non-apologizer’s defensiveness?

42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

►When you are trying to win an argument with a non-apologizer, the best way is to express your anger and make your point as calmly and convincingly as possible.

43．In addition to what is mentioned in the passage, what else can you do if your friend refuses to apologize to you? (In about 40 words)

第二节（20分）

假设你是李明，第十四届全国运动会即将在你们城市召开，需要一批学生志愿者。请你写信应聘。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：第十四届全国运动会 the 14th National Games