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高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 6 Nature in words学案设计
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这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 6 Nature in words学案设计，共24页。学案主要包含了教材原文，审题谋篇，词汇储备，句型运用，句式升级，串句成文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
I.课文翻译
II. 词汇拓展
1. puzzled /'pʌzld/adj. 困惑的, 无法理解的→ puzzling /'pʌzlɪŋ/adj. 令人迷惑的→ puzzle /'pʌzl/n. 谜; 智力游戏 v. （使）迷惑→ puzzlement /'pʌzlmənt/n. 迷惑; 困惑
2. knwingly /'nəʊɪŋli/adv. 故意地→ knw /nəʊ/v. 知道; 认识到; 懂得→ knwn /nəʊn/adj. 已知的; 知名的
3. thrugh /'θʌrə/adj. 仔细的; 缜密的→ thrughly /'θʌrəli/adv. 彻底; 完全
4. precise /prɪ'saɪs/adj. 精确的; 一丝不苟的→ precisely /prɪ'saɪsli/adv. 精确地; 恰好
5. aware /ə'weə（r）/adj. 意识到的; 知道的→ awareness /ə'weənəs/n. 知道；意识
6. elegance /'elɪɡəns/n. 优美; 简洁→ elegant /'elɪɡənt/adj. 优美的; 文雅的→ elegantly /elɪɡəntli/adv. 优美地; 文雅地
7. passinate /'pæ∫（ə）nət/adj. 热诚的; 具有强烈信念的→ passinately /'pæ∫（ə）nətli/adv. 热情地; 强烈地; 激昂地→ passin /'pæ∫n/n. 激情; 强烈情感
8. rigin /'ɒrɪdʒɪn/n. 起源; 源头→ riginal /ə'rɪdʒənəl/adj. 起初的; 原来的→ riginally /ə'rɪdʒənli/adv. 起初; 最初
III.情境词块
1.谈及; 说到 speak f
2.力求做到 aim t
3.特别; 尤其 in particular
4.对……产生伤害 cause harm t
5.敦促某人做某事 urge sb. t d sth.
6.使某人意识到 make sb. aware f
7.in additin t 除了……之外
8.envirnmental awareness 环保意识
9.rather than 而不是
10.stand by 坚持; 支持; 袖手旁观
IV. 情境佳句
1.
2.
文本互动·合作探究
文本理解
Reading fr the details.
Chse the best answer accrding t the text.
1.Why did many peple get puzzled and disturbed?
A.Because they didn’t speak f birds again.
B.Because the feeding statins were destryed.
C.Because mst birds were gne.
D.Because birds’ vices were unusual.
答案：C
2.What can we learn abut Rachel Carsn?
A.She was brn in 1962.
B.She was a writer by prfessin.
C.She thught pesticides were harmful.
D.She used t many pesticides daily.
答案：C
3.What caused a great increase in the awareness f prtecting the envirnment?
A.Carsn’s research.
B.The fire-ant prgram.
C.The green mvement.
D.Sme gypsy mths.
答案：A
4.Wh supprted Carsn’s research?
A.Mst writers.
B.Mst scientists.
C.Mst critics.
D.Mst fficials.
答案：B
激发思维·全程指导
背景导学
本栏目的活动主题是描写自然。对于有关自然类的书来说, 应该通过调查研究、长时间仔细认真地观察才能得出结论, 因此一般为说明文; 也可以是通过某个现象, 得出一些人生的思考, 因而也可能是议论文; 一般是观察到的现象或者根据这些现象所得出的结论或者思考。本环节依据“Listening and Speaking”的交际功能, 使语言的“听、说、读、写”能力进一步得到落实, 是一次训练口头表达能力、培养思辨能力、展现自我的机会。
文本改写
【教材原文】
There is n mnth in the whle year in which nature wears a mre beautiful appearance than in the mnth f August. Spring has many beauties, and May is a fresh and blming mnth, but the charms f this time f year are enhanced by their cntrast with the winter seasn. August has n such advantage. It cmes when we remember nthing but clear skies, green fields, and sweet-smelling flwers-when the memry f snw, and ice, and bleak winds, has faded frm ur minds as cmpletely as they have disappeared frm the earth-and yet what a pleasant time it is! Orchards and fields sing with the sund f wrk; trees bend beneath the thick clusters f rich fruit which bw their branches t the grund; and the wheat, piled in graceful sheaves, r waving in every gentle wind that sweeps abve it, tinges the landscape with a glden clur. A sft, pleasant light appears t hang ver the whle earth; the influence f the seasn seems t extend itself even t a passing wagn, whse slw mtin acrss the well-reaped field is seen by the eye, but makes n lud nises upn the ear.
请将范文改写成一篇80词左右的英语说明文。
【审题谋篇】
【词汇储备】
1.与……相比 cmpared t
2.只有 nthing but
3.被……加强 be enhanced by
4.与……相比 cntrast with
5.充满 be full f
【句型运用】
1.五月景色美, 但八月是一年中最美的月份。
May has many beauties, but August is the mst beautiful mnth f the year.
2.春天展现的只有晴朗的天空, 绿色的田野, 香甜的花朵。
Spring shws nthing but clear skies, green fields, and sweet-smelling flwers.
3.与冬天的雪、冰和刺骨的寒风形成对比, 八月是一个愉快的季节。
Enhanced by the cntrast with snw, ice, and biting winds in winter, August is a pleasant time.
4.果园和田野里到处都是劳作的声音, 在这个丰收的季节, 丰富的水果和谷物使风景变成一片金色。
Orchards and fields are full f the sund f wrk, and in such a harvest seasn, rich fruits and grains make the landscape a glden clur.
5.一辆没有喧闹声的马车穿过收割好的田野, 使八月显得格外迷人。
A wagn withut lud nises seen passing acrss the well-reaped field makes August extremely charming.
【句式升级】
1.用非谓语动词升级第一句。
Cmpared t many beauties in May, August is the mst beautiful mnth f the year.
2.用感叹句升级第三句。
Enhanced by the cntrast with snw, ice, and biting winds in winter, what a pleasant time August is!
3.用强调句升级第五句。
It is a wagn withut lud nises seen passing acrss the well-reaped field that makes August extremely charming.
【串句成文】
1.将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的英语短文。
Cmpared t many beauties in May, August is the mst beautiful mnth f the year. Spring shws nthing but clear skies, green fields, and sweet-smelling flwers. Hwever, enhanced by the cntrast with snw, ice, and biting winds in winter, what a pleasant time August is! Orchards and fields are full f the sund f wrk, and in such a harvest seasn, rich fruits and grains make the landscape a glden clur. Meanwhile, it is a wagn withut lud nises seen passing acrss the well-reaped field that makes August extremely charming.
实战演练
假定你是李华, 你们学校将举办以“Prtect Wild Animals”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语演讲稿。
1. 野生动物的现状（过度捕猎）;
2. 保护建议（建保护区、提高保护意识等）;
3. 美好愿景。
注意：1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已经写好, 不计入总词数。
参考词汇：自然保护区nature reserve 意识awareness
Gd mrning, everyne!
I’m very glad t give a speech tday. The tpic f my speech is“Prtect Wild Animals”.
Thank yu!
答案：高分范文
Gd mrning, everyne!
I’m very glad t give a speech tday. The tpic f my speech is “Prtect Wild Animals”.
As we all knw, animals als play a part in keeping the balance f nature. Unfrtunately, they are being ver-hunted, and sme f them are dying ut. S it is urgent t take sme measures t prtect them. First, we must build nature reserves. Secnd, we shuld raise ur awareness f
新知清障·素养构建
核心词汇
1. dzen n. 一打; 许多
The bk als gives dzens f ther examples f eradicatin prgrammes that did nthing t reduce the prblems they were riginally designed t slve. （教材P69）这本书还讲了几十个其他灭除计划的案例, 都未能像预期那样解决问题。
典例翻译
①I’d like three dzen altgether.
我一共想要3打。
②Dzens f peple have been injured and many vehicles set n fire.
很多人受了伤, 很多车辆起火。
③He has lived here fr tw dzen years.
他已在这儿住了24年。
④There were several dzens f peple there.
那里有许多人。
⑤Eggs are sld by the dzen.
蛋是按打出售的。
归纳拓展
（1）按打计算 by the dzen
（2）许多的 dzens f
（3）几打鸡蛋 several dzens f eggs = several dzen eggs
误区警示
（1）与具体数字连用时, 不加复数词尾-s; 若后接名词, 通常也无需用介词f。
（2）若不与具体数字连用, 而是表示不确定的泛指数时, 则不仅要加复数词尾-s, 而且要后接介词f, 然后才能接名词。
（3）当与a few, several, many等数目不很具体的词或词组连用时, 带不带复数词尾-s均可, 但是注意：若不带复数词尾-s, 其后的介词f可以省略; 若带复数词尾-s, 则其后介词f不能省略。
（4）若其后的名词被the, these, thse等特指限定词修饰, 或其后接的是us, them 等人称代词时, 则此时必须用介词f。
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①On her birthday, she always receives cards by the dzen.
② Dzens （dzen）f miles f railway track have been trn up.
③If yu buy a dzen f these tins, we can take 5 percent ff the price.
（2）完成句子
④为了做到这一点, 我已经搜索了几十个剧本, 找出我认为最能体现短剧的力量和目的的那些。（2020浙江卷）
T d this I have searched thrugh dzens f plays t find the nes that I think best shw the pwer and purpse f the shrt play.
2. precise adj. 精确的; 一丝不苟的
The 50 r s pages at the end f the bk list Carsn’s surces, shwing hw thrugh and precise she was as a scientist. （教材P69）这本书最后的五十页左右列出了卡森的资料来源, 显示了她作为一名科学家的周密和严谨。
典例翻译
①A lawyer needs a precise mind.
律师需要有缜密的思考。
②There were nt many-five,t be precise.
数量不多——准确地说, 只有五个。
③That’s precisely what I meant.
那恰恰是我的意思。
④She gave me clear and precise instructins.
她给了我清晰而明确的指令。
归纳拓展
（1）准确地说, 确切地说 t be precise
明确的指令 precise instructins
（2）precisely adv. 精确地; 恰好; 细心地
学以致用
单句填空
①The shelf is abut a metre lng-well,98 cm, t be （be）precise.
②The prblem is due t discipline, r, mre precisely （precise）, the lack f discipline, in schls.
③Nt nly can a cell’s mtins be precisely cntrlled with the device, but it can als prvide very precise measurements f a cell’s psitin. （precise）
3. ban vt. 禁止, 取缔 n. 禁令
Its impact was immediate and far-reaching: the use f DDT was banned and the Envirnmental Prtectin Agency （A）was established in the US. （教材P69）它的效果立竿见影, 并且影响深远：DDT被禁用, 环境保护署也在美国成立。
典例翻译
①Britain’s health experts are pushing fr a ban n/against all cigarette advertising.
英国的健康专家正努力争取取缔任何形式的香烟广告。
②Smking is nw banned in many places f wrk.
现在许多工作场所禁止吸烟。
③In such a special stage, the law places/puts such behavir under a ban.
在这样一个特殊的阶段, 法律禁止这种行为。
归纳拓展
（1）ban（ding） sth. 禁止（做）某事
ban sb. frm （ding）sth. 禁止（某人）做某事
（2）对……的禁令 a ban n/against
place/put…under a ban 禁止
“禁止某人做某事”的其他表达还有：
prhibit sb. frm ding sth.
frbid sb. frm ding sth.
frbid sb. t d sth.
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①Chemical weapns are banned （ban）internatinally.
②They are banned frm swimming （swim）in the river.
③There is a ban n/against smking in all indr public places.
④The new rule has placed smking under a ban.
（2）单句写作
⑤老师严禁他在课上讲话。
The teacher banned/prhibited him frm talking in class.
4. launch n.&vt. 推出, 发起; 使（船）下水; 发动; 发射
Silent Spring was therefre regarded as a milestne in the launch f the green mvement in the Western wrld. （教材P69）《寂静的春天》因此被视为西方世界发起绿色运动的里程碑。
典例翻译
①The launch f their new machines in this factry received much media cverage.
这个工厂投产的新机器广获传媒报道。
②Are yu at the launch f the new ship?
新船下水时你在场吗？
③He launched int a lengthy accunt f his career.
他开始啰啰唆唆地讲述自己的工作经历。
④It’s time I launched ut n my wn.
该是我自己创业的时候了。
归纳拓展
（1）（火箭）发射; （船）下水; （新产品）投产 the launch f
（2）（热情地）开始做; 投入 launch int
（3）开始从事, 投身于（新的事业） launch ut
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①She launched int an explanatin f hw the machine wrked.
②She’s decided she has enugh experience t launch ut n her wn.
③She is signing cpies f her bk at the fficial launch.
（2）单句写作
④我昨天看了火箭发射。
I saw the launch f the rcket yesterday.
5. aim t d sth. 目的在于做某事; 打算做某事
By imagining a wrld withut birds, she aimed t alert nt nly the scientific cmmunity but als the general public…（教材P68）通过想象一个没有鸟儿的世界, 她旨在不仅警告科学界, 而且提醒公众……
典例翻译
①His music is cmmercial. It isaimed at the masses.
他的音乐走商业化路线, 针对的是一般大众。
②I aim t learn ten new wrds by heart every day.
我力争每天记十个新单词。
③Teamwrk is required in rder t achieve these aims.
要达到这些目标需要协同合作。
④All the scial media tk aim at the ppular star.
所有的社交媒体都把矛头指向这位当红明星。
归纳拓展
（1）aim v. 以……为目标; 瞄准; 对准
目的在于, 针对 be aimed at
aim at ding sth. 目的在于做某事; 打算做某事
aim at（用枪等）对准; 目的在于; 针对
（2）aim n. 目标, 目的
实现某人的目标, 达到某人的目的 achieve ne’s aim
把目标对准某人/某物; 把批评的矛头指向某人/某物 take aim at sb./sth.
with the aim f意在……
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①This activity is aimed at imprving （imprve） the students’ ability t listen and speak.
②I dn’t knw at whm the Minister’s remarks were aimed, but he ught nt t say such things.
③His brther aims t be （be） a pliceman.
（2）单句写作
④格林先生来访中国的目的是参观长城。（with the aim f）
Mr. Green visited China with the aim f seeing the Great Wall.
6. cause/d harm t对……造成伤害
She believed that the chemical industry was knwingly causing harm t plants, animals and even humans…（教材P68）她认为, 化学工业正在明目张胆地对动植物甚至人类造成伤害……
典例翻译
①These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are nt uncmmn,causing serius harm t life and the envirnment.
近来, 违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见, 对生活和环境都造成了极大的危害。
②If yu want t slve the prblem in this way,there is n harm in calling him.
如果你想以这种方式来处理问题, 你不妨给他打个电话。
③These are just sme jkes. They mean n harm but fun.
这些只是玩笑。他们没有恶意, 只是为了好玩而已。
④Smking can be harmful t the health f yur children.
抽烟会对你孩子的健康有害。
归纳拓展
（1）无恶意 mean n harm
（2）做某事无害处 there is n harm in ding sth.
（3）harmful adj. 有害的; 不利的
对……有害 be harmful t…
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①Dn’t believe him. N harm has been dne （d） t him ever since.
②As secnd-hand smking is mre harmful （harm） and dangerus, peple want a ttal ban against smking in public.
③They dn’t usually emply untrained wrkers, but there’s n harm in trying （try） yur frtune.
（2）一句多译
如果使用不当, 这种药物会对你造成伤害。
④ If used imprperly, the medicine will d/cause harm t yu. （harm n.）
⑤ If used imprperly, the medicine will be harmful t yu. （harmful）
重点句型
mre…than…与其说……倒不如说……
Sme als said that her wrk was mre emtinal than scientific. （教材P69）一些人还说, 她的作品过于情感化, 科学性并不强。
典例翻译
①The bk seems t be mre a dictinary than ne n grammar.
与其说这是一本语法书, 倒不如说是一本词典。
②It is mre a lyric than a flk stry.
与其说这是个民间故事, 不如说是首抒情诗。
③As we all knw, actins are mre pwerful than wrds.
众所周知, 行动比语言更有力度。
④Mre than ne persn has been cncerned in this affair.
不止一个人卷入了此事。
归纳拓展
（1）与……一样不 n mre…than…
不如; 不及 nt mre…than…
（2）比……更 mre+形容词/副词+than…
mre than ne +单数名词, 意为“不止一个……”, 在语意上虽为复数, 但作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。
（3）mrethan +{基数词 多于；超出(相当于ver)名词 不仅仅(相当于nt nly)形容词/副词 非常；很(相当于very)从句 超出
学以致用
完成句子
①这本书不如那本书难。
This bk is nt mre difficult than that ne.
②他和我都不会读西班牙语。
He’s n mre able t read Spanish than I am.
③他不仅仅是位作家, 还是一名教授。
He is mre than a writer; he is als a prfessr.
④她在这部电影中与其说是演员, 不如说是制片人。而且她必须比别人做得更多, 这让她很累。
She is mre a prducer than an actress in this film. And she had t d mre than thers, which makes her mre than tired .
素养达标·迁移创新
Ⅰ. 语境填词
根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1.The gvernment has banned （禁止） the use f chemical weapns.
2.Lking at my puzzled （困惑的） appearance, he with a bit f embarrassment explained.
3.A vlcan near Pmpeii, Italy, erupted. The earth began t tremble （颤抖） and a clud came dwn the muntain.
4.I must alert （提醒） him t the need t slve the prblem.
5.His thrugh （缜密的） knwledge and cmpetence were recgnized.
6.We have gt gd media cverage fr the launch （推出） f the new mdel.
7.Deep dwn there in the depth f the sil, the great heart thrbbed （生机勃勃） nce mre.
8.She was accused f knwingly （故意地） making a false statement t the plice.
9.At the precise （精确的） mment when I put my ft n the step, the bus started.
10.Scarlet felt that it gave her the final finishing tuch f elegance （优美）.
Ⅱ. 语境选词
根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。
1.The president tld the reprter that he wanted t stand by his earlier statements.
2.He urged her t cme and stay with us just nw.
3.He spke f the French and their habit f standing in a queue in the lecture yesterday.
4.Peple arund the wrld shuld be aware f the real situatin f water shrtages.
5.There are scres f mdern art styles, s which d yu like best?
6.Parents and teachers shuld in particular act as better examples t children.
7.Drinking t much will cause harm t yur health, s yu’d better stp drinking.
8.He wanted t alert peple t the activities f the grup.
9.Even tday, Lincln is still cnsidered as ne f the mst inspiring figures in the wrld.
10.I wuld like t see the prject carried ut .
Ⅲ. 课文语法填空
Silent Spring
Silent Spring by Rachel Carsn was published in 1962. Carsn wrte the bk 1 （aim） t alert peple t the damaging effects f human activities 2 natural ecsystems. And she wished t see pesticides 3 （use） in a mre respnsible, limited and carefully mnitred way. The bk cntains a lt f scientific infrmatin, research, examples and s n, 4 shws hw precise she was as a scientist. The arguments were strng and the language was 5 （elegance） and influential. Hwever, the bk was nt received psitively by everyne. It quickly became a target fr critics in the pesticide industry, wh said that Carsn’s research was nt precise. Carsn appeared in public and n televisin 6 （defend） her claims.
Carsn’s message was 7 （alarm） and its influence was immediate and far-reaching. The use f DDT 8 （ban） and the A was established in the US. The bk was cnsidered as 9 milestne in the launch f the green mvement in the Western wrld. Carsn earned a Presidential Medal f Freedm after she passed away.
The bk changed the wrld by increasing peple’s 10 （aware） f prtecting natural ecsystems.
1. aiming 2. n 3. used 4. which 5. elegant 6. t defend 7. alarming 8. was banned 9. a 10. awareness
教材原文
Silent Spring
There was a strange stillness. The birds, fr example-where had they gne? Many peple spke f them, puzzled and disturbed. The feeding statins in the backyards were deserted. The few birds seen anywhere were mribund; they trembled vilently and culd nt fly. It was a spring withut vices. On the mrnings that had nce thrbbed with the dawn chrus f rbins, catbirds, dves, jays, wrens, and scres f ther bird vices there was nw n sund; nly silence lay ver the fields and wds and marsh.
Rachel Carsn was a scientist by prfessin, but these lines frm the pening chapter f her 1962 bk Silent Spring, “A Fable fr Tmrrw”, shw her talent as a writer. By imagining a wrld withut birds, she aimed t alert nt nly the scientific cmmunity but als the general public t the damaging effects f human activity n natural ecsystems—in particular, t the harmful use f pesticides, such as DDT. She believed that the chemical industry was knwingly causing harm t plants, animals and even humans, and wished t see pesticides used in a mre respnsible, limited and carefully mnitred way.
Carsn urged peple t make themselves aware f the facts and d smething abut the situatin. Silent Spring cntains a lt f scientific research and case studies. The bk details the gypsy mth eradicatin prgramme, which killed birds, in additin t gypsy mths. Anther case study was the fire-ant prgramme that killed cws, but nt fire ants. The bk als gives dzens f ther examples f eradicatin prgrammes that did nthing t reduce the prblems they were riginally designed t slve. The 50 r s pages at the end f the bk list Carsn’s surces, shwing hw thrugh and precise she was as a scientist.
Carsn’s message was very alarming, causing a great increase in envirnmental awareness. Its impact was immediate and far-reaching: the use f DDT was banned and the Envirnmental Prtectin Agency （A）was established in the US. Silent Spring was therefre regarded as a milestne in the launch f the green mvement in the Western wrld. It als earned Carsn a psthumus Presidential Medal f Freedm and put her face n the 17-cent US stamp.
Silent Spring was nt, hwever, received psitively by everyne. Thugh Carsn’s research was strng and was supprted by mst scientists wh reviewed her wrk, the bk quickly became a target fr critics in the pesticide industry. They said that Carsn did nt understand the science behind her arguments because she was a marine bilgist rather than a chemist. Sme als said that her wrk was mre emtinal than scientific. These were attempts t damage Carsn’s reputatin and stp her wrk frm influencing public plicy, but she remained determined t stand by her research. Carsn appeared in public and n televisin t defend her claims-and tday, mre than 50 years after it was published, the vice f Silent Spring is sill ringing lud and clear.
Persnally, I enjy Carsn’s bk. She made a crucial but ptentially difficult-t-understand subject interesting and accessible t millins f peple. This is nt s much because f the quality f her arguments, strng thugh they are, but because f the beauty and elegance f her writing. Her bk nt nly changed the wrld; half a century later it remains a bk that deserves t be reread tday, s that we can nce again feel urselves warm t the fire f its passinate message. Fr unless we d listen t Rachel Carsn’s warning, ne day we may wake up t the strange and quiet hrrr f anther silent spring.
教材译文
寂静的春天
一片古怪的寂静笼罩着这里。例如, 小鸟都飞到哪里去了? 许多人谈论着, 茫然困惑、惴惴不安。后院的饲养站已经被遗弃。随处可见的为数不多的几只鸟奄奄一息; 它们浑身激烈打颤, 无法飞翔。这是一个寂静的春天。原本喧闹的清晨, 再也没有了知更鸟、猫鹊、鸽子、松鸦、鹪鹩的合唱以及其他小鸟的鸣叫声; 只留下一片寂静,笼罩在田野、树林和沼泽的上空。
蕾切尔·卡森本职是一位科学家, 但是1962年, 她在《寂静的春天》一书的开篇章节“明天的寓言”中的这几行文字, 展现了她作为作家的天赋。通过想象一个没有鸟儿的世界, 她力求做到不仅警告科学界, 而且提醒公众, 人类活动已经对自然界生态系统造成了破坏性的后果,尤其是使用DDT之类的杀虫剂给自然界带来了严重的危害。她认为化学工业正在明目张胆地对动植物, 甚至对人类本身造成伤害, 她希望人们在使用杀虫剂时能够更加负责、节制, 并且严加监管。
卡森敦促人们认清事实, 并且为此做出努力。《寂静的春天》中含有大量的科学研究和案例研究。这本书详细介绍了在消灭舞毒蛾计划中, 除了消灭舞毒蛾, 还杀死了鸟类。另一个案例研究则是在开展消灭火蚁计划时, 人们杀死的是奶牛, 而非火蚁。这本书还讲了几十个其他灭除计划的案例, 都未能像预期那样解决问题。这本书最后的五十来页列出了卡森的资料来源, 显示出她作为一名科学家的周密和严谨。
卡森所述的事实让人们十分担忧, 大大提升了人们的环保意识。这本书的效果立竿见影, 并且影响深远: DDT被禁用; 环境保护署也在美国成立。《寂静的春天》因此被视为西方发起绿色运动的里程碑, 这使作者在去世后获得了“总统自由勋章”的荣誉, 美国17美分的邮票上也印上了她的头像。
但并不是所有人都支持《寂静的春天》。虽然卡森的研究很有说服力, 而且得到多数审阅过这本书的科学家的支持, 但是这本书很快成为了杀虫剂行业批判的对象。他们说卡森并不理解她论点背后的科学原理, 因为她是一位海洋生物学家,而不是化学家。一些人还说, 她的作品过于情感化, 科学性并不强。这些人想要通过破坏卡森的名声来阻止她的作品影响公共政策, 但卡森仍然决心坚持自己的研究, 在公众面前、在电视节目中露面以捍卫自己的观点。时至今日,《寂静的春天》已经出版五十多年了, 但它发出的声音依旧响亮而清晰。
而我个人也十分喜欢卡森的书。她把一个至关重要但可能很难理解的问题用简单有趣的方式传达给了数百万人。这倒不是因为她书中高质量的论点是多么强有力, 而是因为她优美典雅的文笔。她的书不仅在当时改变了世界, 就是在半个世纪后的今天, 它仍然值得人们重新阅读, 以再次感受她充满感情的文字带给我们的如火焰般的温暖。因为如果我们不听从蕾切尔·卡森的劝告, 可能有一天我们会认识到另一个寂静的春天的古怪而安静的恐怖。
句型公式
过去分词作后置定语
教材原句
The few birds seen anywhere were mribund; they trembled vilently and culd nt fly. 随处可见的为数不多的几只鸟奄奄一息; 它们浑身激烈打颤, 无法飞翔。
中文例句
应邀参加晚会的大多数人是他的老校友。
句式仿写
Mst f the peple invited t the party were his ld schlmates.
句型公式
mre…than…与其……不如……
教材原句
Sme als said that her wrk was mre emtinal than scientific. 一些人还说, 她的作品过于情感化, 科学性不强。
中文例句
这事与其说让人高兴, 不如说让人担心。
句式仿写
It was mre a wrry than a pleasure.
urge…t, speak f, scres f, in particular, cause harm t,
carry ut, be aware f, stand by, alert…t, be cnsidered as
I.课文翻译
II. 词汇拓展
1. puzzled /'pʌzld/adj. 困惑的, 无法理解的→ puzzling /'pʌzlɪŋ/adj. 令人迷惑的→ puzzle /'pʌzl/n. 谜; 智力游戏 v. （使）迷惑→ puzzlement /'pʌzlmənt/n. 迷惑; 困惑
2. knwingly /'nəʊɪŋli/adv. 故意地→ knw /nəʊ/v. 知道; 认识到; 懂得→ knwn /nəʊn/adj. 已知的; 知名的
3. thrugh /'θʌrə/adj. 仔细的; 缜密的→ thrughly /'θʌrəli/adv. 彻底; 完全
4. precise /prɪ'saɪs/adj. 精确的; 一丝不苟的→ precisely /prɪ'saɪsli/adv. 精确地; 恰好
5. aware /ə'weə（r）/adj. 意识到的; 知道的→ awareness /ə'weənəs/n. 知道；意识
6. elegance /'elɪɡəns/n. 优美; 简洁→ elegant /'elɪɡənt/adj. 优美的; 文雅的→ elegantly /elɪɡəntli/adv. 优美地; 文雅地
7. passinate /'pæ∫（ə）nət/adj. 热诚的; 具有强烈信念的→ passinately /'pæ∫（ə）nətli/adv. 热情地; 强烈地; 激昂地→ passin /'pæ∫n/n. 激情; 强烈情感
8. rigin /'ɒrɪdʒɪn/n. 起源; 源头→ riginal /ə'rɪdʒənəl/adj. 起初的; 原来的→ riginally /ə'rɪdʒənli/adv. 起初; 最初
III.情境词块
1.谈及; 说到 speak f
2.力求做到 aim t
3.特别; 尤其 in particular
4.对……产生伤害 cause harm t
5.敦促某人做某事 urge sb. t d sth.
6.使某人意识到 make sb. aware f
7.in additin t 除了……之外
8.envirnmental awareness 环保意识
9.rather than 而不是
10.stand by 坚持; 支持; 袖手旁观
IV. 情境佳句
1.
2.
文本互动·合作探究
文本理解
Reading fr the details.
Chse the best answer accrding t the text.
1.Why did many peple get puzzled and disturbed?
A.Because they didn’t speak f birds again.
B.Because the feeding statins were destryed.
C.Because mst birds were gne.
D.Because birds’ vices were unusual.
答案：C
2.What can we learn abut Rachel Carsn?
A.She was brn in 1962.
B.She was a writer by prfessin.
C.She thught pesticides were harmful.
D.She used t many pesticides daily.
答案：C
3.What caused a great increase in the awareness f prtecting the envirnment?
A.Carsn’s research.
B.The fire-ant prgram.
C.The green mvement.
D.Sme gypsy mths.
答案：A
4.Wh supprted Carsn’s research?
A.Mst writers.
B.Mst scientists.
C.Mst critics.
D.Mst fficials.
答案：B
激发思维·全程指导
背景导学
本栏目的活动主题是描写自然。对于有关自然类的书来说, 应该通过调查研究、长时间仔细认真地观察才能得出结论, 因此一般为说明文; 也可以是通过某个现象, 得出一些人生的思考, 因而也可能是议论文; 一般是观察到的现象或者根据这些现象所得出的结论或者思考。本环节依据“Listening and Speaking”的交际功能, 使语言的“听、说、读、写”能力进一步得到落实, 是一次训练口头表达能力、培养思辨能力、展现自我的机会。
文本改写
【教材原文】
There is n mnth in the whle year in which nature wears a mre beautiful appearance than in the mnth f August. Spring has many beauties, and May is a fresh and blming mnth, but the charms f this time f year are enhanced by their cntrast with the winter seasn. August has n such advantage. It cmes when we remember nthing but clear skies, green fields, and sweet-smelling flwers-when the memry f snw, and ice, and bleak winds, has faded frm ur minds as cmpletely as they have disappeared frm the earth-and yet what a pleasant time it is! Orchards and fields sing with the sund f wrk; trees bend beneath the thick clusters f rich fruit which bw their branches t the grund; and the wheat, piled in graceful sheaves, r waving in every gentle wind that sweeps abve it, tinges the landscape with a glden clur. A sft, pleasant light appears t hang ver the whle earth; the influence f the seasn seems t extend itself even t a passing wagn, whse slw mtin acrss the well-reaped field is seen by the eye, but makes n lud nises upn the ear.
请将范文改写成一篇80词左右的英语说明文。
【审题谋篇】
【词汇储备】
1.与……相比 cmpared t
2.只有 nthing but
3.被……加强 be enhanced by
4.与……相比 cntrast with
5.充满 be full f
【句型运用】
1.五月景色美, 但八月是一年中最美的月份。
May has many beauties, but August is the mst beautiful mnth f the year.
2.春天展现的只有晴朗的天空, 绿色的田野, 香甜的花朵。
Spring shws nthing but clear skies, green fields, and sweet-smelling flwers.
3.与冬天的雪、冰和刺骨的寒风形成对比, 八月是一个愉快的季节。
Enhanced by the cntrast with snw, ice, and biting winds in winter, August is a pleasant time.
4.果园和田野里到处都是劳作的声音, 在这个丰收的季节, 丰富的水果和谷物使风景变成一片金色。
Orchards and fields are full f the sund f wrk, and in such a harvest seasn, rich fruits and grains make the landscape a glden clur.
5.一辆没有喧闹声的马车穿过收割好的田野, 使八月显得格外迷人。
A wagn withut lud nises seen passing acrss the well-reaped field makes August extremely charming.
【句式升级】
1.用非谓语动词升级第一句。
Cmpared t many beauties in May, August is the mst beautiful mnth f the year.
2.用感叹句升级第三句。
Enhanced by the cntrast with snw, ice, and biting winds in winter, what a pleasant time August is!
3.用强调句升级第五句。
It is a wagn withut lud nises seen passing acrss the well-reaped field that makes August extremely charming.
【串句成文】
1.将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的英语短文。
Cmpared t many beauties in May, August is the mst beautiful mnth f the year. Spring shws nthing but clear skies, green fields, and sweet-smelling flwers. Hwever, enhanced by the cntrast with snw, ice, and biting winds in winter, what a pleasant time August is! Orchards and fields are full f the sund f wrk, and in such a harvest seasn, rich fruits and grains make the landscape a glden clur. Meanwhile, it is a wagn withut lud nises seen passing acrss the well-reaped field that makes August extremely charming.
实战演练
假定你是李华, 你们学校将举办以“Prtect Wild Animals”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语演讲稿。
1. 野生动物的现状（过度捕猎）;
2. 保护建议（建保护区、提高保护意识等）;
3. 美好愿景。
注意：1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已经写好, 不计入总词数。
参考词汇：自然保护区nature reserve 意识awareness
Gd mrning, everyne!
I’m very glad t give a speech tday. The tpic f my speech is“Prtect Wild Animals”.
Thank yu!
答案：高分范文
Gd mrning, everyne!
I’m very glad t give a speech tday. The tpic f my speech is “Prtect Wild Animals”.
As we all knw, animals als play a part in keeping the balance f nature. Unfrtunately, they are being ver-hunted, and sme f them are dying ut. S it is urgent t take sme measures t prtect them. First, we must build nature reserves. Secnd, we shuld raise ur awareness f
新知清障·素养构建
核心词汇
1. dzen n. 一打; 许多
The bk als gives dzens f ther examples f eradicatin prgrammes that did nthing t reduce the prblems they were riginally designed t slve. （教材P69）这本书还讲了几十个其他灭除计划的案例, 都未能像预期那样解决问题。
典例翻译
①I’d like three dzen altgether.
我一共想要3打。
②Dzens f peple have been injured and many vehicles set n fire.
很多人受了伤, 很多车辆起火。
③He has lived here fr tw dzen years.
他已在这儿住了24年。
④There were several dzens f peple there.
那里有许多人。
⑤Eggs are sld by the dzen.
蛋是按打出售的。
归纳拓展
（1）按打计算 by the dzen
（2）许多的 dzens f
（3）几打鸡蛋 several dzens f eggs = several dzen eggs
误区警示
（1）与具体数字连用时, 不加复数词尾-s; 若后接名词, 通常也无需用介词f。
（2）若不与具体数字连用, 而是表示不确定的泛指数时, 则不仅要加复数词尾-s, 而且要后接介词f, 然后才能接名词。
（3）当与a few, several, many等数目不很具体的词或词组连用时, 带不带复数词尾-s均可, 但是注意：若不带复数词尾-s, 其后的介词f可以省略; 若带复数词尾-s, 则其后介词f不能省略。
（4）若其后的名词被the, these, thse等特指限定词修饰, 或其后接的是us, them 等人称代词时, 则此时必须用介词f。
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①On her birthday, she always receives cards by the dzen.
② Dzens （dzen）f miles f railway track have been trn up.
③If yu buy a dzen f these tins, we can take 5 percent ff the price.
（2）完成句子
④为了做到这一点, 我已经搜索了几十个剧本, 找出我认为最能体现短剧的力量和目的的那些。（2020浙江卷）
T d this I have searched thrugh dzens f plays t find the nes that I think best shw the pwer and purpse f the shrt play.
2. precise adj. 精确的; 一丝不苟的
The 50 r s pages at the end f the bk list Carsn’s surces, shwing hw thrugh and precise she was as a scientist. （教材P69）这本书最后的五十页左右列出了卡森的资料来源, 显示了她作为一名科学家的周密和严谨。
典例翻译
①A lawyer needs a precise mind.
律师需要有缜密的思考。
②There were nt many-five,t be precise.
数量不多——准确地说, 只有五个。
③That’s precisely what I meant.
那恰恰是我的意思。
④She gave me clear and precise instructins.
她给了我清晰而明确的指令。
归纳拓展
（1）准确地说, 确切地说 t be precise
明确的指令 precise instructins
（2）precisely adv. 精确地; 恰好; 细心地
学以致用
单句填空
①The shelf is abut a metre lng-well,98 cm, t be （be）precise.
②The prblem is due t discipline, r, mre precisely （precise）, the lack f discipline, in schls.
③Nt nly can a cell’s mtins be precisely cntrlled with the device, but it can als prvide very precise measurements f a cell’s psitin. （precise）
3. ban vt. 禁止, 取缔 n. 禁令
Its impact was immediate and far-reaching: the use f DDT was banned and the Envirnmental Prtectin Agency （A）was established in the US. （教材P69）它的效果立竿见影, 并且影响深远：DDT被禁用, 环境保护署也在美国成立。
典例翻译
①Britain’s health experts are pushing fr a ban n/against all cigarette advertising.
英国的健康专家正努力争取取缔任何形式的香烟广告。
②Smking is nw banned in many places f wrk.
现在许多工作场所禁止吸烟。
③In such a special stage, the law places/puts such behavir under a ban.
在这样一个特殊的阶段, 法律禁止这种行为。
归纳拓展
（1）ban（ding） sth. 禁止（做）某事
ban sb. frm （ding）sth. 禁止（某人）做某事
（2）对……的禁令 a ban n/against
place/put…under a ban 禁止
“禁止某人做某事”的其他表达还有：
prhibit sb. frm ding sth.
frbid sb. frm ding sth.
frbid sb. t d sth.
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①Chemical weapns are banned （ban）internatinally.
②They are banned frm swimming （swim）in the river.
③There is a ban n/against smking in all indr public places.
④The new rule has placed smking under a ban.
（2）单句写作
⑤老师严禁他在课上讲话。
The teacher banned/prhibited him frm talking in class.
4. launch n.&vt. 推出, 发起; 使（船）下水; 发动; 发射
Silent Spring was therefre regarded as a milestne in the launch f the green mvement in the Western wrld. （教材P69）《寂静的春天》因此被视为西方世界发起绿色运动的里程碑。
典例翻译
①The launch f their new machines in this factry received much media cverage.
这个工厂投产的新机器广获传媒报道。
②Are yu at the launch f the new ship?
新船下水时你在场吗？
③He launched int a lengthy accunt f his career.
他开始啰啰唆唆地讲述自己的工作经历。
④It’s time I launched ut n my wn.
该是我自己创业的时候了。
归纳拓展
（1）（火箭）发射; （船）下水; （新产品）投产 the launch f
（2）（热情地）开始做; 投入 launch int
（3）开始从事, 投身于（新的事业） launch ut
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①She launched int an explanatin f hw the machine wrked.
②She’s decided she has enugh experience t launch ut n her wn.
③She is signing cpies f her bk at the fficial launch.
（2）单句写作
④我昨天看了火箭发射。
I saw the launch f the rcket yesterday.
5. aim t d sth. 目的在于做某事; 打算做某事
By imagining a wrld withut birds, she aimed t alert nt nly the scientific cmmunity but als the general public…（教材P68）通过想象一个没有鸟儿的世界, 她旨在不仅警告科学界, 而且提醒公众……
典例翻译
①His music is cmmercial. It isaimed at the masses.
他的音乐走商业化路线, 针对的是一般大众。
②I aim t learn ten new wrds by heart every day.
我力争每天记十个新单词。
③Teamwrk is required in rder t achieve these aims.
要达到这些目标需要协同合作。
④All the scial media tk aim at the ppular star.
所有的社交媒体都把矛头指向这位当红明星。
归纳拓展
（1）aim v. 以……为目标; 瞄准; 对准
目的在于, 针对 be aimed at
aim at ding sth. 目的在于做某事; 打算做某事
aim at（用枪等）对准; 目的在于; 针对
（2）aim n. 目标, 目的
实现某人的目标, 达到某人的目的 achieve ne’s aim
把目标对准某人/某物; 把批评的矛头指向某人/某物 take aim at sb./sth.
with the aim f意在……
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①This activity is aimed at imprving （imprve） the students’ ability t listen and speak.
②I dn’t knw at whm the Minister’s remarks were aimed, but he ught nt t say such things.
③His brther aims t be （be） a pliceman.
（2）单句写作
④格林先生来访中国的目的是参观长城。（with the aim f）
Mr. Green visited China with the aim f seeing the Great Wall.
6. cause/d harm t对……造成伤害
She believed that the chemical industry was knwingly causing harm t plants, animals and even humans…（教材P68）她认为, 化学工业正在明目张胆地对动植物甚至人类造成伤害……
典例翻译
①These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are nt uncmmn,causing serius harm t life and the envirnment.
近来, 违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见, 对生活和环境都造成了极大的危害。
②If yu want t slve the prblem in this way,there is n harm in calling him.
如果你想以这种方式来处理问题, 你不妨给他打个电话。
③These are just sme jkes. They mean n harm but fun.
这些只是玩笑。他们没有恶意, 只是为了好玩而已。
④Smking can be harmful t the health f yur children.
抽烟会对你孩子的健康有害。
归纳拓展
（1）无恶意 mean n harm
（2）做某事无害处 there is n harm in ding sth.
（3）harmful adj. 有害的; 不利的
对……有害 be harmful t…
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①Dn’t believe him. N harm has been dne （d） t him ever since.
②As secnd-hand smking is mre harmful （harm） and dangerus, peple want a ttal ban against smking in public.
③They dn’t usually emply untrained wrkers, but there’s n harm in trying （try） yur frtune.
（2）一句多译
如果使用不当, 这种药物会对你造成伤害。
④ If used imprperly, the medicine will d/cause harm t yu. （harm n.）
⑤ If used imprperly, the medicine will be harmful t yu. （harmful）
重点句型
mre…than…与其说……倒不如说……
Sme als said that her wrk was mre emtinal than scientific. （教材P69）一些人还说, 她的作品过于情感化, 科学性并不强。
典例翻译
①The bk seems t be mre a dictinary than ne n grammar.
与其说这是一本语法书, 倒不如说是一本词典。
②It is mre a lyric than a flk stry.
与其说这是个民间故事, 不如说是首抒情诗。
③As we all knw, actins are mre pwerful than wrds.
众所周知, 行动比语言更有力度。
④Mre than ne persn has been cncerned in this affair.
不止一个人卷入了此事。
归纳拓展
（1）与……一样不 n mre…than…
不如; 不及 nt mre…than…
（2）比……更 mre+形容词/副词+than…
mre than ne +单数名词, 意为“不止一个……”, 在语意上虽为复数, 但作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。
（3）mrethan +{基数词 多于；超出(相当于ver)名词 不仅仅(相当于nt nly)形容词/副词 非常；很(相当于very)从句 超出
学以致用
完成句子
①这本书不如那本书难。
This bk is nt mre difficult than that ne.
②他和我都不会读西班牙语。
He’s n mre able t read Spanish than I am.
③他不仅仅是位作家, 还是一名教授。
He is mre than a writer; he is als a prfessr.
④她在这部电影中与其说是演员, 不如说是制片人。而且她必须比别人做得更多, 这让她很累。
She is mre a prducer than an actress in this film. And she had t d mre than thers, which makes her mre than tired .
素养达标·迁移创新
Ⅰ. 语境填词
根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1.The gvernment has banned （禁止） the use f chemical weapns.
2.Lking at my puzzled （困惑的） appearance, he with a bit f embarrassment explained.
3.A vlcan near Pmpeii, Italy, erupted. The earth began t tremble （颤抖） and a clud came dwn the muntain.
4.I must alert （提醒） him t the need t slve the prblem.
5.His thrugh （缜密的） knwledge and cmpetence were recgnized.
6.We have gt gd media cverage fr the launch （推出） f the new mdel.
7.Deep dwn there in the depth f the sil, the great heart thrbbed （生机勃勃） nce mre.
8.She was accused f knwingly （故意地） making a false statement t the plice.
9.At the precise （精确的） mment when I put my ft n the step, the bus started.
10.Scarlet felt that it gave her the final finishing tuch f elegance （优美）.
Ⅱ. 语境选词
根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。
1.The president tld the reprter that he wanted t stand by his earlier statements.
2.He urged her t cme and stay with us just nw.
3.He spke f the French and their habit f standing in a queue in the lecture yesterday.
4.Peple arund the wrld shuld be aware f the real situatin f water shrtages.
5.There are scres f mdern art styles, s which d yu like best?
6.Parents and teachers shuld in particular act as better examples t children.
7.Drinking t much will cause harm t yur health, s yu’d better stp drinking.
8.He wanted t alert peple t the activities f the grup.
9.Even tday, Lincln is still cnsidered as ne f the mst inspiring figures in the wrld.
10.I wuld like t see the prject carried ut .
Ⅲ. 课文语法填空
Silent Spring
Silent Spring by Rachel Carsn was published in 1962. Carsn wrte the bk 1 （aim） t alert peple t the damaging effects f human activities 2 natural ecsystems. And she wished t see pesticides 3 （use） in a mre respnsible, limited and carefully mnitred way. The bk cntains a lt f scientific infrmatin, research, examples and s n, 4 shws hw precise she was as a scientist. The arguments were strng and the language was 5 （elegance） and influential. Hwever, the bk was nt received psitively by everyne. It quickly became a target fr critics in the pesticide industry, wh said that Carsn’s research was nt precise. Carsn appeared in public and n televisin 6 （defend） her claims.
Carsn’s message was 7 （alarm） and its influence was immediate and far-reaching. The use f DDT 8 （ban） and the A was established in the US. The bk was cnsidered as 9 milestne in the launch f the green mvement in the Western wrld. Carsn earned a Presidential Medal f Freedm after she passed away.
The bk changed the wrld by increasing peple’s 10 （aware） f prtecting natural ecsystems.
1. aiming 2. n 3. used 4. which 5. elegant 6. t defend 7. alarming 8. was banned 9. a 10. awareness
教材原文
Silent Spring
There was a strange stillness. The birds, fr example-where had they gne? Many peple spke f them, puzzled and disturbed. The feeding statins in the backyards were deserted. The few birds seen anywhere were mribund; they trembled vilently and culd nt fly. It was a spring withut vices. On the mrnings that had nce thrbbed with the dawn chrus f rbins, catbirds, dves, jays, wrens, and scres f ther bird vices there was nw n sund; nly silence lay ver the fields and wds and marsh.
Rachel Carsn was a scientist by prfessin, but these lines frm the pening chapter f her 1962 bk Silent Spring, “A Fable fr Tmrrw”, shw her talent as a writer. By imagining a wrld withut birds, she aimed t alert nt nly the scientific cmmunity but als the general public t the damaging effects f human activity n natural ecsystems—in particular, t the harmful use f pesticides, such as DDT. She believed that the chemical industry was knwingly causing harm t plants, animals and even humans, and wished t see pesticides used in a mre respnsible, limited and carefully mnitred way.
Carsn urged peple t make themselves aware f the facts and d smething abut the situatin. Silent Spring cntains a lt f scientific research and case studies. The bk details the gypsy mth eradicatin prgramme, which killed birds, in additin t gypsy mths. Anther case study was the fire-ant prgramme that killed cws, but nt fire ants. The bk als gives dzens f ther examples f eradicatin prgrammes that did nthing t reduce the prblems they were riginally designed t slve. The 50 r s pages at the end f the bk list Carsn’s surces, shwing hw thrugh and precise she was as a scientist.
Carsn’s message was very alarming, causing a great increase in envirnmental awareness. Its impact was immediate and far-reaching: the use f DDT was banned and the Envirnmental Prtectin Agency （A）was established in the US. Silent Spring was therefre regarded as a milestne in the launch f the green mvement in the Western wrld. It als earned Carsn a psthumus Presidential Medal f Freedm and put her face n the 17-cent US stamp.
Silent Spring was nt, hwever, received psitively by everyne. Thugh Carsn’s research was strng and was supprted by mst scientists wh reviewed her wrk, the bk quickly became a target fr critics in the pesticide industry. They said that Carsn did nt understand the science behind her arguments because she was a marine bilgist rather than a chemist. Sme als said that her wrk was mre emtinal than scientific. These were attempts t damage Carsn’s reputatin and stp her wrk frm influencing public plicy, but she remained determined t stand by her research. Carsn appeared in public and n televisin t defend her claims-and tday, mre than 50 years after it was published, the vice f Silent Spring is sill ringing lud and clear.
Persnally, I enjy Carsn’s bk. She made a crucial but ptentially difficult-t-understand subject interesting and accessible t millins f peple. This is nt s much because f the quality f her arguments, strng thugh they are, but because f the beauty and elegance f her writing. Her bk nt nly changed the wrld; half a century later it remains a bk that deserves t be reread tday, s that we can nce again feel urselves warm t the fire f its passinate message. Fr unless we d listen t Rachel Carsn’s warning, ne day we may wake up t the strange and quiet hrrr f anther silent spring.
教材译文
寂静的春天
一片古怪的寂静笼罩着这里。例如, 小鸟都飞到哪里去了? 许多人谈论着, 茫然困惑、惴惴不安。后院的饲养站已经被遗弃。随处可见的为数不多的几只鸟奄奄一息; 它们浑身激烈打颤, 无法飞翔。这是一个寂静的春天。原本喧闹的清晨, 再也没有了知更鸟、猫鹊、鸽子、松鸦、鹪鹩的合唱以及其他小鸟的鸣叫声; 只留下一片寂静,笼罩在田野、树林和沼泽的上空。
蕾切尔·卡森本职是一位科学家, 但是1962年, 她在《寂静的春天》一书的开篇章节“明天的寓言”中的这几行文字, 展现了她作为作家的天赋。通过想象一个没有鸟儿的世界, 她力求做到不仅警告科学界, 而且提醒公众, 人类活动已经对自然界生态系统造成了破坏性的后果,尤其是使用DDT之类的杀虫剂给自然界带来了严重的危害。她认为化学工业正在明目张胆地对动植物, 甚至对人类本身造成伤害, 她希望人们在使用杀虫剂时能够更加负责、节制, 并且严加监管。
卡森敦促人们认清事实, 并且为此做出努力。《寂静的春天》中含有大量的科学研究和案例研究。这本书详细介绍了在消灭舞毒蛾计划中, 除了消灭舞毒蛾, 还杀死了鸟类。另一个案例研究则是在开展消灭火蚁计划时, 人们杀死的是奶牛, 而非火蚁。这本书还讲了几十个其他灭除计划的案例, 都未能像预期那样解决问题。这本书最后的五十来页列出了卡森的资料来源, 显示出她作为一名科学家的周密和严谨。
卡森所述的事实让人们十分担忧, 大大提升了人们的环保意识。这本书的效果立竿见影, 并且影响深远: DDT被禁用; 环境保护署也在美国成立。《寂静的春天》因此被视为西方发起绿色运动的里程碑, 这使作者在去世后获得了“总统自由勋章”的荣誉, 美国17美分的邮票上也印上了她的头像。
但并不是所有人都支持《寂静的春天》。虽然卡森的研究很有说服力, 而且得到多数审阅过这本书的科学家的支持, 但是这本书很快成为了杀虫剂行业批判的对象。他们说卡森并不理解她论点背后的科学原理, 因为她是一位海洋生物学家,而不是化学家。一些人还说, 她的作品过于情感化, 科学性并不强。这些人想要通过破坏卡森的名声来阻止她的作品影响公共政策, 但卡森仍然决心坚持自己的研究, 在公众面前、在电视节目中露面以捍卫自己的观点。时至今日,《寂静的春天》已经出版五十多年了, 但它发出的声音依旧响亮而清晰。
而我个人也十分喜欢卡森的书。她把一个至关重要但可能很难理解的问题用简单有趣的方式传达给了数百万人。这倒不是因为她书中高质量的论点是多么强有力, 而是因为她优美典雅的文笔。她的书不仅在当时改变了世界, 就是在半个世纪后的今天, 它仍然值得人们重新阅读, 以再次感受她充满感情的文字带给我们的如火焰般的温暖。因为如果我们不听从蕾切尔·卡森的劝告, 可能有一天我们会认识到另一个寂静的春天的古怪而安静的恐怖。
句型公式
过去分词作后置定语
教材原句
The few birds seen anywhere were mribund; they trembled vilently and culd nt fly. 随处可见的为数不多的几只鸟奄奄一息; 它们浑身激烈打颤, 无法飞翔。
中文例句
应邀参加晚会的大多数人是他的老校友。
句式仿写
Mst f the peple invited t the party were his ld schlmates.
句型公式
mre…than…与其……不如……
教材原句
Sme als said that her wrk was mre emtinal than scientific. 一些人还说, 她的作品过于情感化, 科学性不强。
中文例句
这事与其说让人高兴, 不如说让人担心。
句式仿写
It was mre a wrry than a pleasure.
urge…t, speak f, scres f, in particular, cause harm t,
carry ut, be aware f, stand by, alert…t, be cnsidered as
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