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高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 6 Nature in words精练
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这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 6 Nature in words精练，共19页。试卷主要包含了5分,满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The fllwing “green” htels frm acrss the wrld ffer guests an ec-friendly and wrld-class hliday experience.
Hi Htel, Nice, France
Offering a private beach and rftp pl, the Hi Htel Ec Spa & Beach has received Green Glbe certificatin fr using recycled paper, rganic(有机的)paint, ec-friendly cleaning prducts and rganic fd.
Garnga Safari Camp, Phalabrwa, Suth Africa
As a high-class 12-bed camp in Suth Africa, the htel supprts the lcal cmmunity. Lcals are ffered emplyment pprtunities, with ptential fr career develpment, while fd and gds are surced lcally where pssible. Additinally, guests are invited t ffset their carbn ftprint by helping with the planting f Spesbk Trees in the Eastern Cape.
Park Hyatt Maldives Hadahaa, Maldives
Park Hyatt Maldives Hadahaa cmbines the envirnment and mdern design t ffer guests the luxurius experience. Sme parts f the htel are built ver the water in the Indian Ocean in rder t reduce interference(干扰)with the natural envirnment.
The Park Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
Lcated within a 10-minute car ride frm the centre f Hyderabad, The Park Hyderabad’s exterir(外部)makes full use f natural light, reducing the need fr electricity. Green transprtatin, such as bikes and electric cars, is encuraged.
Spice Island Beach Resrt, St. Gerge’s,Grenada
Owned and run by Sir Rystn Hpkin and his family, Spice Island Beach Resrt is a luxurius destinatin fr guests hping t bathe in the natural beauty f the Isle f Spice. It uses slar heating and all frms f energy cnservatin. Smking f any kind is frbidden in the areas r the htel.
1.What’s special abut Hi Htel?
A.It puts a ban n cars.
B.It prvides green fd.
C.It encurages guests t plant trees.
D.It ffers emplyment pprtunities t the lcals.
2.Hw des Park Hyatt Maldives Hadahaa prtect the envirnment?
A.It is partly built ver the sea.
B.It has simply-decrated rms.
C.It makes full use f natural light.
D.It uses ec-friendly cleaning prducts.
3.Which htel bans smking?
A.Hi Htel.
B.The Park Hyderabad.
C.Garnga Safari Camp.
D.Spice Island Beach Resrt.
B
The endangered pandas in Qinling Muntains might face a new threat:the lss f their fd, bamb, which makes up 99% f their meals.
Adult pandas spend mst part f the day eating bamb and have t take in at least 40 punds a day t stay healthy. Hwever, a new study published in Nature Climate Change warned that they may sn find their fd gne because mst f the bamb in Qinling Muntains might disappear by the end f the century as a result f rising temperature wrldwide.
A team made up f researchers frm Michigan State University and the Chinese Academy f Sciences has studied the effects f climate change n the bamb in Qinling Muntains. They have fund that bamb is very sensitive t climate change. “80% t 100% f the bamb will be gne if the average temperature increases 3.5 degrees wrldwide by the end f the century,” said Liu Jiangu, ne f the reprt’s authrs. He added, “This is hw much the temperature will rise by 2100 even if all cuntries will keep their prmises in The Paris Agreement. But yu knw what is happening arund the wrld.”
In recent years, China has been trying its best t prtect the endangered pandas by setting up mre and bigger natural reserves.
“But it is far frm enugh and the endangered pandas need cperatin frm the rest f the wrld, because their future is nt just in the hands f the Chinese,” said Shirley Martin frm the Wrld Wildlife Fund but nt a member f the team.
The Qinling Muntains are hme t abut 260 pandas. That is abut 13% f the China’s wild panda ppulatin. In additin, abut 375 are living in research centers and zs in China.
4.What can we learn frm the first paragraph?
A.Pandas have already eaten 99% f the bamb in Qinling Muntains.
B.Pandas in Qinling Muntains are just threatened by the lss f fd.
C.Qinling Muntains cannt prvide enugh bamb fr the pandas.
D.Lts f the bamb in Qinling Muntains will pssibly disappear.
5.What des Liu Jiangu mean?
A.It’s hard t cntrl the temperature rise within 3.5 degrees.
B.Bamb is sensitive t the changes f temperature.
C.China is making great effrts t prtect the pandas.
D.China needs mre help frm the Wrld Wildlife Fund.
6.Hw many wild pandas are there in China?
A.Abut 260.B.Abut 635.
C.Abut 2,000.D.Abut 2,635.
7.Which can be the best title fr the text?
A.The Disappearance f Bamb.
B.A New Threat Faced by the Pandas.
C.Effrts Made t Save Pandas.
D.Necessity t Change Pandas’ Fd.
C
Tw little girls wh are lvely in Britain are bringing thusands f peple tgether t sign a petitin (请愿书) demanding that Burger King and McDnald’s stp giving away plastic tys.
With the help f their mther, nine-year-ld Ella and seven-year-ld Caitlin started an nline petitin in rder t persuade the fast fd giants (巨头) t d away with the wasteful tys that came with Happy Meals and Junir Meals.
Since starting the petitin, the yungsters have gt ver 350,000 signatures f their 500,000 gal, and the call fr actin has already received further supprt frm adults and children.
“We’ve been learning all abut the envirnment at schl and the prblem f plastic. It makes us very sad t see hw plastic harms wildlife and pllutes the cean, and we want t change this,” reads the petitin. “That’s why we want Burger King and McDnald’s t think f the envirnment and stp giving away plastic tys with their kids’ meals.”
“We like t g t eat at Burger King and McDnald’s, but children nly play with the plastic tys fr a few minutes befre they get thrwn away, harm animals and pllute the sea. We want anything they give us t be envirnmentally friendly s we can prtect the planet fr urselves and fr future generatins,” they cntinue.
In additin t the girls making a cnvincing argument, the amunt f signatures n the petitin almst dubled after reprters frm the BBC’s War n Plastic fllwed the yung activists t the McDnald’s headquarters in rder t present the petitin.
Since the little girls’ stry started being picked up by internatinal news utlets, Burger King and McDnald’s have emailed statements t CNBC detailing their plans fr making their free tys mre envirnmentally friendly.
8.Hw did the tw girls begin their petitin?
A.By the BBC.B.By CNBC.
C.By the Internet.D.By newspapers.
9.Why are the tw little girls gathering many peple tgether?
A.T gain peple’s attentin.
B.T get ver 350,000 signatures.
C.T eat at Burger King and McDnald’s.
D.T stp tw giants giving free plastic tys.
10.What d Burger King and McDnald’s plan t d after the petitin?
A.T email statements t the BBC.
B.T make a cnvincing argument.
C.T sell mre envirnmentally friendly tys.
D.T give away mre envirnmentally friendly tys.
11.Which f the fllwing best describes the tw little girls’ stry?
A.It’s abut prduct prmtin.
B.It’s abut a cmpany intrductin.
C.It’s abut cmmercial advertising.
D.It’s abut envirnmental prtectin.
D
On Saturday, 24 August, 1918, it was raining cats and dgs and thundering ver a city called Sunderland n the nrtheast cast f England. The strm lasted fr nly abut ten minutes. Peple were surprised t see that it was nt just rainwater falling frm the sky. There were fish falling dwn, t! Peple came ut t find ut what was happening. They culd nt believe their wn eyes. There were thusands f fish—sand eels—lying n the grund. They were abut seven centimeters lng, and all were frzen slid.
Sand eels swim tgether in large grups, ften in sandy water, and are ften fund in large numbers in the Nrth Sea, which reaches ut t the east f Sunderland. Hw was it pssible fr these sand eels t fall frm the sky and land n Sunderland?
Scientists believed the heavy thunderstrm that afternn might have caused a watersput(水龙卷). Watersputs can be frmed when strng winds mve quickly in a circle ver water. They are s pwerful; anything less than ne meter in length can be taken int them and frced int the cluds. The cluds carry whatever has been taken int them fr lng distances—smetimes ver 150 kilmeters. It’s very cld up there and everything sn freezes slid.
Fr hundreds f years there have been reprts f small animals being taken int the sky thrugh watersputs. In 2009, dead tadples rained dwn n the city f Nana in Japan. In 2012, fifty kils f prawns fell frm the sky ver Sri Lanka. In 2017, fish fell n the castal city f Tampic in Mexic.
It must be a very strange experience t see fish raining dwn n yu. It wuld prbably hurt if ne fell n yur head! With climate change, glbal warming and many terrible natural disasters, will the time ever cme when it may really begin t rain cats and dgs?
12.What was the rain like n 24 August 1918?
A.It was very heavy.
B.It fell arund England.
C.It lasted quite a lng time.
D.It caused many human deaths.
13.What d we knw abut the sand eels that landed n Sunderland?
A.They were few in number.
B.They came in different sizes.
C.They were still alive when landing.
D.They prbably came frm the Nrth Sea.
14.What des the underlined wrd “them” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A.Cluds.B.Watersputs.
C.Strng winds.D.The waters f the sea.
15.In the end, what des the authr prbably care mst abut?
A.Our health.B.Our envirnment.
C.The wild animals.D.The news reprts.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Be Green?
What des “green” mean? “Green” is mre than just a clr. 16 Why green? Plants are green,and withut them the Earth wuldn’t be such a lvely hme t us human beings. What can we d? Here’s a fur-step guide t being green.
Reduce It!
17 Fr instance, a shrter shwer means yu use less water and less fuel since yur huse uses fuel t run the water heater that warms up the water.
Reuse It!
Smetimes peple call ur sciety a “thrwaway sciety”. It means that we’re a little t willing t thrw away ld stuff(东西) and buy new stuff. 18 .Fr instance, if yur baby brther becmes lder and lses interest in his plastic basketball hp(篮圈), why nt give it t anther family wh has a little kid?
Recycle It!
Recycling has never been easier. Many peple in cmmunities(社区) will pick things up right in frnt f yur huse and sme twns even require them. Recycled gds g t a recycling center, where they can be turned int new cans, bttles, and paper.
Enjy It!
It’s true that rubbish and pllutin are prblems, but the Earth is still a huge and beautiful place that’s ready fr yu t explre. 19 G n a hike, visit lcal nature centers and gardens, and climb up muntains.
But befre yu travel arund the wrld, take a lk at yur wn backyard. Find a place where yu culd plant a tree r build a little fruit r vegetable garden. 20
A.Get ut there and get yur hands dirty.
B.Turn ff the tap when yu’re brushing yur teeth.
C.It als means taking special steps t prtect the envirnment.
D.When yu use less f smething, yu d a gd thing fr the Earth.
E.Yu can start lcally by visiting the beautiful natural spts in yur city.
F.Many times, even if yu n lnger need smething, smene else just might.
G.Then yu can watch with pride as yur tree takes rt and yur garden plants grw.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a summer evening almst 30 years ag. I was rcking my baby by in my arms and when he fell asleep, I put him 21 dwn int his crib fr the night. My wife,tired ut after a lng day f wrk, was half napping and half watching TV in the living rm. Nt caring fr the 22 , I pured myself a glass f iced tea in the kitchen, tk a lawn chair ff ur prch (门廊) and walked int the frnt yard t 23 the stars.
As sn as I stepped int the yard, I heard the sweet sund f 24 flating thrugh the air. On the hill next t ur huse, the neighbr’s children were 25 fireflies (萤火虫), hping t catch ne in a jar. I sat dwn in my chair and watched them fr a while. They ran very fast; 26 , they culdn’t seem t catch the slw mving lighting bugs. 27 , exhausted, they bth sat dwn n the grass and 28 watched the little guys flying thrugh the air, blinking n and ff. I drank my tea and jined them in their 29 . It felt s gd t get t see ne f many miracles lighting up my frnt yard n a 30 night. It made me feel a part f smething far greater than myself.
Over the years since then, I have appreciated and 31 all f the glrius light in this wrld. I have taken it int my heart and welcmed it int my sul. I have fund it in nature, bks, music, animals, prayers, and mst f all in the lives f thse arund me. I have never tried t catch this 32 , hwever. I have learned that true light and true lve must cme frm 33 . It must flw freely between us and can’t be 34 in a jar. The next time yu see sme fireflies, take a seat and enjy their light. Let them remind yu t give ff yur wn light as well. Let them remind yu that yu, t, are ne f the 35 in this wrld.
B.quickly
C.frcefullyD.silently
B.film
C.shwD.atmsphere
atB.pint t
C.smile atD.glance at
B.laughter
C.fightD.scream
B.killing
C.admiringD.teasing
B.hwever
C.meanwhileD.smewhat
B.Purpsefully
C.HappilyD.Eventually
B.just
C.yetD.still
B.cmpetitin
C.discussinD.celebratin
B.autumn
C.summerD.spring
B.shne
C.preservedD.enjyed
B.bug
C.jarD.practice
B.behind
C.withinD.arund
B.caught
C.ignredD.seen
B.rescuers
C.discverersD.miracles
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The size f fish in the ceans is shrinking. A new reprt frm Canada states fish may shrink by as much as a quarter in the cming decades, which mainly 36 (result) frm glbal warming. The research team cnducted tests n the effect f 37 (rise) cean temperatures n the size and number f ver 600 species f fish. They cncluded that mst fish are likely t shrink by 14—24 percent by the year 2050. The biggest changes 38 (see) clearly in trpical regins. There is 39 (little) xygen in warmer water s fish cannt grw nrmally and many will migrate t cler waters.
Lead researcher Prfessr William said, “We were surprised t see such a large decrease in fish size. Marine fish are generally knwn t respnd t climate change 40 changing distributin and seasnality. But the unexpectedly big effect 41 climate change culd have n bdy size suggests that we may be missing a big piece f the puzzle f understanding climate change effects n the cean.” He added that verfishing and pllutin will 42 (wrse) the prblem. “Our wrk shws a very 43 (wrry) future fr the ceans, 44 it is very imprtant t reduce greenhuse gas emissin and develp better fish management plicies 45 (adapt) t these changes,” he said.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华,你校绿社 (the Green Club)将向附近农场社区发出“Say N t Chemical Fertilizers”的倡议,请你以社长的名义用英语写一封倡议书,主要内容包括:
1.简述倡议内容;
2.阐明倡议理由;
3.号召大家响应。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Michael Martin was ging t d his nrmal shpping at a Smart & Final stre in Sacrament, Califrnia with his family,curisity made him stp in frnt f a man sitting utside.It’s n wnder that we see sme hmeless peple utside different stres,but this man seemed different.He was sitting n his sleeping bag with his résumés(简历)and a sign that read “need wrk and fd”.
The man was named Frederic Callisn,52 and a frmer ck.He came t Sacrament tw years ag frm Washingtn in the hpe f getting a jb as a ck. His plans were stpped and he ended up in this unexpected way. Smart & Final allwed him t stay near the stre,as he helped them t push carts fr free.
But he wuld nt like t ask fr mney like mst f the hmeless peple.Instead,he decided t use the place as active jb-hunting t change his difficult circumstances.S he made the sign.This was nt just wrds,as his Scial Security number and ID were als kept handy.All the dcuments shwed his serius intentins t find wrk.
Martin was amazed by such preparatins and asked the man fr his résumés. Withut hesitatin,Callisn handed ne t him.The résumé, which was well-written and had a striking résumé headline, claimed that he was a fine ck. Then he began telling Martin abut his qualificatin and wrk experiences. It was like a real interview, but nt s intense and strict.
Martin was impressed and inspired by Callisn’s will and effrts t wrk. He ttally understd the situatin f Callisn. Effrts and determinatin f Callisn were wrth respect, as it was really a difficult gal.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Michael Martin decided t d what he culd t help the hmeless man.
Paragraph 2:
Frederic was really grateful fr such an pprtunity.
答案全解全析
Unit 6 Nature in wrds
单元达标检测
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了世界各地的“绿色”酒店为客人提供环保和一流的度假体验。
1.B 细节理解题。根据Hi Htel, Nice, France中的内容可知,Hi Htel因使用再生纸、有机油漆、环保清洁产品和有机食品而获得“绿色环球”认证。所以 Hi Htel的特别之处在于它提供绿色食品。故选B项。
2.A 细节理解题。根据Park Hyatt Maldives Hadahaa, Maldives中的“Sme parts f the htel are built ver the water in the Indian Ocean in rder t reduce interference(干扰)with the natural envirnment.”可知,酒店的一些部分建在印度洋的水面上,以减少对自然环境的干扰。所以Park Hyatt Maldives Hadahaa部分建在海上来保护环境。故选A项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据Spice Island Beach Resrt,St. Gerge’s,Grenada中的“Smking f any kind is frbidden in the areas r the htel.”可知,Spice Island Beach Resrt禁止吸烟。故选D项。
【高频词汇】
1.ec-friendly adj.环保的 2.certificatin n.证明 3.rganic fd有机食品 4.emplyment n.雇用;职业;就业 5.carbn ftprint 碳足迹;碳排放量 6.cnservatin n.保护;保存;节约
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了秦岭大熊猫可能面临新的威胁:它们的主要食物——竹子——由于气候变暖正在消失。
4.D 推理判断题。根据第一段The endangered makes up 99% f their meals.可推知,秦岭地区的大量竹子可能会消失。故选D项。根据第一段中的the lss f their fd, bamb, which makes up 99% f their meals可知A项错误;根据第一段中的might face可知B项错误;根据第一段中的the lss f their fd, bamb可知C项错误。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中Liu Jiangu所说的话This is hw much the temperature will rise by 2100 even if all cuntries will keep their prmises in The Paris Agreement. But yu knw what is happening arund the wrld.可知,即使所有国家都遵守在《巴黎协定》中的承诺,到2100年,气温也会上升这么多。由此推知,很难将温度上升控制在3.5度以内。第三段虽然提到They have fund that bamb is very sensitive t climate change.,但不是Liu Jiangu所说的话;第四段虽然提到In recent years, China has been trying its best t prtect the endangered pandas by setting up mre and bigger natural reserves.但也不是Liu Jiangu所说的话;D项在文中没有支持信息。
6.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The Qinling Muntains are hme t abut 260 pandas. That is abut 13% f the China’s wild panda ppulatin.可知,中国大约有(260除以13%)2,000只野生大熊猫。故选C项。
7.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了大熊猫面临的新威胁——竹子可能会消失,选项B“大熊猫面临的新威胁”紧贴主题,简明扼要,最适合作为标题。
【高频词汇】
1.endangered adj.濒临灭绝的 2.threat n.威胁 3.take in吸收
4.be made up f由……组成 5.be sensitive t对……敏感 6.be hme t是……的栖息地
长难句分析
原句 Hwever, a new study published in Nature Climate Change warned that they may sn find their fd gne because mst f the bamb in Qinling Muntains might disappear by the end f the century as a result f rising temperature wrldwide.
分析 本句为主从复合句。published in Nature Climate Change为过去分词短语作后置定语;that they may sn find their fd gne为宾语从句,作warned的宾语;because mst f the bamb in Qinling Muntains might disappear...为原因状语从句。
句意 然而,一项发表在《自然气候变化》上的新研究警告说,它们可能很快就会发现它们的食物消失了,因为由于全球气温上升,秦岭的大部分竹子可能在本世纪末消失。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。英国两个小女孩通过网络将成千上万的人聚集在一起签署请愿书,希望汉堡王和麦当劳考虑环境问题,停止赠送塑料玩具。
8.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知,在妈妈的帮助下,9岁的Ella和7岁的Caitlin在网上发起了一项请愿活动,以说服快餐巨头们取消随套餐赠送的塑料玩具。她们是通过网络开始这项请愿活动的。故选C项。
9.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的demanding that Burger King and McDnald’s stp giving away free plastic tys(要求汉堡王和麦当劳停止赠送塑料玩具)可知,这两个女孩聚集如此多人是为了阻止汉堡王和麦当劳赠送免费的塑料玩具。故选D项。
10.D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的Burger King and McDnald’s have emailed statements t CNBC detailing their plans fr making their free tys mre envirnmentally friendly(汉堡王和麦当劳已经通过电子邮件向CNBC发送了声明,详细说明了他们让免费玩具更环保的计划)可知,请愿书事件使这两家公司决定赠送更环保的玩具。故选D项。
11.D 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了英国两个可爱的小女孩将成千上万的人聚集在一起,签署请愿书,希望汉堡王和麦当劳考虑环境问题,停止给孩子们赠送塑料玩具,由此可知她们的故事是关于环保的。故选D项。prduct prmtin产品推销;a cmpany intrductin公司介绍;cmmercial advertising商业广告;envirnmental prtectin 环境保护。
【高频词汇】
1.demand v.要求 2.d away with废除;取消 3.cnvincing adj.令人信服的;有说服力的 4.signature n.签名;署名
5.duble v.加倍 6.statement n.陈述;声明 7.detail v.详述
8.envirnmentally friendly adj.环保的
长难句分析
原句 Tw little girls wh are lvely in Britain are bringing thusands f peple tgether t sign a petitin demanding that Burger King and McDnald’s stp giving away plastic tys.
分析 本句为主从复合句。句子主干为Tw little girls in Britain are bringing thusands f peple tgether t sign a petitin; wh are lvely为定语从句,修饰girls; that Burger King and McDnald’s stp giving away plastic tys为宾语从句,作demanding的宾语。
句意 两个可爱的英国小女孩正在把成千上万的人聚集在一起签署请愿书,要求汉堡王和麦当劳停止赠送免费的塑料玩具。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为“水龙卷”的自然现象,会将长度小于一米的任何物质带到很远的地方——有时会超过150公里。文章还介绍了其形成的原因以及和其有关的天上降下鱼虾等历史事件。
12.A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句On Saturday, 24 August, 1918, it was raining cats and dgs and thundering ver a city called Sunderland n the nrtheast cast f England.可知,1918年8月24日的雨下得很大。rain cats and dgs 表示“下倾盆大雨”,故选A。同时根据该句可排除B项;根据第一段中的The strm lasted fr nly abut ten minutes.可知C项错误;D项在文中没有支持信息。
13.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中Sand eels swim tgether in large grups, ften in sandy water, and are ften fund in large numbers in the Nrth Sea, which reaches ut t the east f Sunderland.可知,降落在桑德兰的玉筋鱼可能来自北海。故选D。
14.B 推理判断题。根据画线词上文Scientists believed the heavy thunderstrm that afternn might have caused a watersput(水龙卷). Watersputs can be frmed when strng winds mve quickly in a circle ver water. They are s pwerful...可知,这里一直在描写水龙卷的形成,故them指代“水龙卷”。
15.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中最后一句With climate change, glbal warming and many terrible natural disasters, will the time ever cme when it may really begin t rain cats and dgs?可推知,最后,作者最关心的可能是我们的环境。
【高频词汇】
1.last fr持续 2.freeze v.(使)冻结,结冰 3.in length 在长度上 4.land v.降落;着陆 5.refer t指的是
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述的是“绿色”。绿色不仅是一种颜色,也意味着环保。要想保护环境,必须采取一定的措施,使环境绿化。
16.C 根据前文“Green”is mre than just a clr.(绿色不仅仅是一种颜色。)可知C项:It als means taking special steps t prtect the envirnment.(它也意味着采取特殊措施以保护环境。)符合语境,故选C。
17.D 根据本段小标题Reduce It!可知D项:When yu use less f smething,yu d a gd thing fr the Earth.(当你少用一点东西的时候,你就为地球做了一件好事。)与小标题相呼应,符合语境,故选D。
18.F 根据下文Fr instance, if yur baby brther becmes lder and lses interest in his plastic basketball hp(篮圈), why nt give it t anther family wh has a little kid?(例如,如果你的弟弟长大了,对塑料篮筐失去了兴趣,为什么不把它送给另一个有小孩的家庭呢?)可知,这里建议将自己不需要的东西送给其他需要的人,故F项:Many times,even if yu n lnger need smething,smene else just might.(很多时候,即使你不再需要某样东西了,别人可能刚好需要。)符合语境。故选F。
19.E 根据前文but the Earth is still a huge and beautiful place that’s ready fr yu t explre(但是地球仍然是一个巨大而美丽的地方,准备好了让你去探索)可知E项:Yu can start lcally by visiting the beautiful natural spts in yur city.(你可以从游览你所在城市当地的自然美景开始。)符合语境,故选E。
20.G 根据前文Find a place where yu culd plant a tree r build a little fruit r vegetable garden.(找一个地方,在那里你可以种一棵树或建造一个小的果园或菜园。)可知G项:Then yu can watch with pride as yur tree takes rt and yur garden plants grw.(然后你可以自豪地看着你的树生根,你的花园里的植物生长。)中的tree与garden可与上文呼应,符合语境。故选G。
【高频词汇】
1.mre than 不仅仅 2.fr instance 例如 3.fuel n.燃料
4.warm up 使变热;使变暖 5.recycle v.再利用;回收利用
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者在大约30年前看到萤火虫的情形和心里的感触。
21.A 考查副词词义辨析。gently 轻轻地;quickly 快速地;frcefully 强有力地;silently 悄悄地。根据语境可知,父亲把孩子放到婴儿床上的动作应是轻轻地。故选A项。
22.C 考查名词词义辨析。baby 婴儿;film 电影;shw 节目;atmsphere 气氛。根据前文My wife, tired ut after a lng day f wrk, was half napping and half watching TV in the living rm.可知,“我”工作一天的妻子在起居室半睡半看电视,所以此处应是电视上的节目。故选C项。
23.A 考查动词短语辨析。stare at 盯着看;pint t 指向;smile at 对……微笑;glance at 瞥见。看星星应用stare at “盯着看”。故选A项。
24.B 考查名词词义辨析。argument 论点;laughter 笑声;fight 打架;scream 尖叫。根据后文On the hill next t ur huse, the neighbr’s children were 25 fireflies (萤火虫), hping t catch ne in a jar.可知此处听到的应是孩子们的笑声。故选B项。
25.A 考查动词词义辨析。chase 追逐;kill 杀;admire 仰慕;tease 取笑。根据语境可知,应是孩子们追逐萤火虫。故选A项。
26.B 考查副词词义辨析。therwise 否则;hwever 然而;meanwhile 与此同时;smewhat 有点。根据语境可知,虽然萤火虫飞得缓慢,但是孩子们仍然抓不住。故选B项。
27.D 考查副词词义辨析。frequently 经常地;purpsefully 有目的地;happily 开心地;eventually 最后。根据语境可知,孩子们累了,坐在草坪上是最终的结果。故选D项。
28.B 考查副词词义辨析。als也;just 只;yet 然而;still 仍然。根据语境可知,孩子们累了,坐在草坪上,只能看着萤火虫在空中飞。故选B项。
29.A 考查名词词义辨析。appreciatin欣赏;cmpetitin 竞争;discussin 讨论;celebratin 庆典。根据后文 It felt s gd t get t see ne f many miracles lighting up my frnt yard n a 30 night.可知,在一个夏日的夜晚,作者看到许多奇迹中的一个点亮了他的前院,这种感觉真是太好了。所以作者也跟着孩子们欣赏萤火虫。故选A项。
30.C 考查名词词义辨析。winter冬天;autumn秋天;summer夏天;spring 春天。由第一段第一句It was a summer evening almst 30 years ag.可知选C项。
31.D 考查动词词义辨析。flash闪光;shine 发光;preserve 保护;enjy 享受。根据语境可知选D项。
32.A 考查名词词义辨析。light 光;bug 小虫;jar罐子;practice 练习。根据前文可知,作者在心里接受这种光并且在灵魂上欢迎它,所以作者从未想过要捕捉这种光。故选A项。
33.C 考查副词词义辨析。near 在附近;behind 在后面;within 在内部;arund 在周围。根据语境可知,光芒和真爱来自内心。故选C项。
34.B 考查动词词义辨析。leave 使留下;catch 捉住;ignre 忽略;see 看到。由语境可知选B项。
35.D 考查名词词义辨析。passer-by路人;rescuer 救援者;discverer发现者;miracle奇迹。根据语境可知,萤火虫是世界上的奇迹之一,作者通过萤火虫想告诉读者,你也是世界上的奇迹之一。故选D项。
【高频词汇】
1.rck v.轻轻摇动;轻轻摇晃 2.nap v.小睡;打盹儿
3.pur v.倒 4.flat v.浮动;飘动 5.exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的;疲劳的 6.blink v.眨眼;闪烁 7.glrius adj.壮丽的;辉煌的
8.(be) tired ut 十分疲劳;筋疲力尽
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。加拿大的一份新报告指出,全球变暖会缩减鱼类的体积。
36.results 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一份来自加拿大的新报告指出,未来几十年内,鱼类体积可能会缩减多达四分之一,造成这种情况的主要原因是全球变暖。此处是非限制性定语从句中的谓语动词,先行词which指代整个主句,描述一般事实,所以时态是一般现在时,因此要用第三人称单数形式。
37.rising 考查非谓语动词。句意:研究团队就上升的海洋温度对600多种鱼类的大小和数量的影响进行了试验。此处应用现在分词作定语修饰cean temperatures。故填rising。
38.will be seen 考查时态和语态。句意:最大的变化将明显地出现在热带地区。根据上文by the year 2050和此处表示将来的事情可知,时态应用一般将来时,The biggest changes与see之间是被动关系,要用一般将来时的被动语态。
39.less 考查形容词比较等级。句意:较温暖的水里含氧量较少,因此鱼类无法正常生长,许多鱼会迁移到较冷的水域。根据语境和in warmer water 可知此处要用形容词的比较级。故填less。
40.thrugh/by 考查介词。句意:众所周知,海洋鱼类通过改变分布和季节性来应对气候变化。根据语境可知此处表示方式,因此要用介词thrugh或by,意为“通过”。
41.that/which 考查定语从句。句意:但气候变化可能对鱼类的身体大小产生出人意料的巨大影响,这表明我们可能在理解气候变化对海洋的影响这一难题中遗漏了一大块。分析句子可知,此处是一个定语从句,先行词为big effect,关系词在定语从句中作have的宾语,指物,故填关系代词that或which。
42.wrsen 考查词性转换。句意:他补充说,过度捕捞和污染将使这一问题恶化。根据will可知此处要用动词原形,故填wrsen。
43.wrrying 考查词性转换。句意:他说:“我们的研究表明,海洋的未来非常令人担忧,所以减少温室气体排放和制定更好的鱼类管理政策来适应这些变化非常重要。”根据名词 future可知此处要用-ing形式结尾的形容词,意为“令人担忧的”。故填wrrying。
44.s 考查连词。此处表示因果关系,故填s。
45.t adapt 考查非谓语动词。此处要用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t adapt。
【高频词汇】
1.shrink v.缩小 2.result frm由……引起 3.cnduct v.实施;安排 4.cnclude vt.推断,作结论 5.migrate v.迁徙;移动
第三部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
Dear ladies and gentlemen,
Are yu passinate abut ur farm cmmunity? Then we’d like yu t jin the campaign f “Say N t Chemical Fertilizers”. That way yu’ll help raise peple’s awareness f envirnmental prtectin.
By mtivating peple nt t use chemical fertilizers, yu can create a greener farm cmmunity, which will be beneficial t future generatins. Yu dn’t need t buy expensive equipment, just changing chemical fertilizers int green fertilizers.
T create a mre beautiful and livable cmmunity, n behalf f the Green Club, I sincerely appeal t yu fr yur invlvement.
the Green Club
第二节
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
Michael Martin decided t d what he culd t help the hmeless man. After buying him sme water and fd, Martin phtgraphed the résumé. He psted Frederic’s stry with the pht n scial netwrks, hping that smene wuld cme frward and ffer the determined man a jb. Martin was nt sure if that wuld make any difference, s he als passed the pht t his frmer clleagues, wh wrked fr a cmpany in the fd industry. Sn there was a result. Smene paying attentin t the pst n the Internet invited Frederic Callisn t be a ck at a pizza restaurant.
Paragraph 2:
Frederic was really grateful fr such an pprtunity. He wrked hard every day. He was serius abut studying the menu and preparing fr the wrking days. His excellent perfrmance was sn recgnized by the bss and his clleagues. Nw he n lnger has t wrry abut fd and shelter. As yu can see, Martin and the Internet played an imprtant rle, but withut Callisn’s wn effrts, things wuld nt have had a psitive turn. Gd nly helps thse wh help themselves.
1.B
2.A
3.D
4.D
5.A
6.C
7.B
8.C
9.D
10.D
11.D
12.A
13.D
14.B
15.B
16.C
17.D
18.F
19.E
20.G
21.A
22.C
23.A
24.B
25.A
26.B
27.D
28.B
29.A
30.C
31.D
32.A
33.C
34.B
35.D
写作指导
故事
要素
Time
when Martin was ging t d his nrmal shpping
Place
at a Smart & Final stre in Sacrament, Califrnia
Character
Michael Martin;Frederic Callisn
Reasn
Frederic Callisn hped t get a jb as a ck.
情节
Curse
Michael Martin was ging t d his nrmal shpping.→Michael Martin saw a man sitting utside with his résumés and a sign.→Michael Martin knew Frederic Callisn’s experience.→Frederic Callisn wanted t get a jb as a ck.→Michael Martin was amazed by such preparatins and asked the man fr his résumés. Callisn handed ne t him.→Martin was impressed and inspired by Callisn’s will and effrts t wrk.
续写
方向
Para.1
Michael Martin decided t d what he culd t help the hmeless man.
①Michael Martin为了帮助这个无家可归的人做了什么?
②结果怎样?
③Frederic感谢的是什么机会?
Para.2
Frederic was really grateful fr such an pprtunity.
①Frederic如何利用这次机会?
②后来怎么样了?
③文章给我们什么启示?
提示:也可增加Frederic对Michael Martin的感激之情。
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The fllwing “green” htels frm acrss the wrld ffer guests an ec-friendly and wrld-class hliday experience.
Hi Htel, Nice, France
Offering a private beach and rftp pl, the Hi Htel Ec Spa & Beach has received Green Glbe certificatin fr using recycled paper, rganic(有机的)paint, ec-friendly cleaning prducts and rganic fd.
Garnga Safari Camp, Phalabrwa, Suth Africa
As a high-class 12-bed camp in Suth Africa, the htel supprts the lcal cmmunity. Lcals are ffered emplyment pprtunities, with ptential fr career develpment, while fd and gds are surced lcally where pssible. Additinally, guests are invited t ffset their carbn ftprint by helping with the planting f Spesbk Trees in the Eastern Cape.
Park Hyatt Maldives Hadahaa, Maldives
Park Hyatt Maldives Hadahaa cmbines the envirnment and mdern design t ffer guests the luxurius experience. Sme parts f the htel are built ver the water in the Indian Ocean in rder t reduce interference(干扰)with the natural envirnment.
The Park Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
Lcated within a 10-minute car ride frm the centre f Hyderabad, The Park Hyderabad’s exterir(外部)makes full use f natural light, reducing the need fr electricity. Green transprtatin, such as bikes and electric cars, is encuraged.
Spice Island Beach Resrt, St. Gerge’s,Grenada
Owned and run by Sir Rystn Hpkin and his family, Spice Island Beach Resrt is a luxurius destinatin fr guests hping t bathe in the natural beauty f the Isle f Spice. It uses slar heating and all frms f energy cnservatin. Smking f any kind is frbidden in the areas r the htel.
1.What’s special abut Hi Htel?
A.It puts a ban n cars.
B.It prvides green fd.
C.It encurages guests t plant trees.
D.It ffers emplyment pprtunities t the lcals.
2.Hw des Park Hyatt Maldives Hadahaa prtect the envirnment?
A.It is partly built ver the sea.
B.It has simply-decrated rms.
C.It makes full use f natural light.
D.It uses ec-friendly cleaning prducts.
3.Which htel bans smking?
A.Hi Htel.
B.The Park Hyderabad.
C.Garnga Safari Camp.
D.Spice Island Beach Resrt.
B
The endangered pandas in Qinling Muntains might face a new threat:the lss f their fd, bamb, which makes up 99% f their meals.
Adult pandas spend mst part f the day eating bamb and have t take in at least 40 punds a day t stay healthy. Hwever, a new study published in Nature Climate Change warned that they may sn find their fd gne because mst f the bamb in Qinling Muntains might disappear by the end f the century as a result f rising temperature wrldwide.
A team made up f researchers frm Michigan State University and the Chinese Academy f Sciences has studied the effects f climate change n the bamb in Qinling Muntains. They have fund that bamb is very sensitive t climate change. “80% t 100% f the bamb will be gne if the average temperature increases 3.5 degrees wrldwide by the end f the century,” said Liu Jiangu, ne f the reprt’s authrs. He added, “This is hw much the temperature will rise by 2100 even if all cuntries will keep their prmises in The Paris Agreement. But yu knw what is happening arund the wrld.”
In recent years, China has been trying its best t prtect the endangered pandas by setting up mre and bigger natural reserves.
“But it is far frm enugh and the endangered pandas need cperatin frm the rest f the wrld, because their future is nt just in the hands f the Chinese,” said Shirley Martin frm the Wrld Wildlife Fund but nt a member f the team.
The Qinling Muntains are hme t abut 260 pandas. That is abut 13% f the China’s wild panda ppulatin. In additin, abut 375 are living in research centers and zs in China.
4.What can we learn frm the first paragraph?
A.Pandas have already eaten 99% f the bamb in Qinling Muntains.
B.Pandas in Qinling Muntains are just threatened by the lss f fd.
C.Qinling Muntains cannt prvide enugh bamb fr the pandas.
D.Lts f the bamb in Qinling Muntains will pssibly disappear.
5.What des Liu Jiangu mean?
A.It’s hard t cntrl the temperature rise within 3.5 degrees.
B.Bamb is sensitive t the changes f temperature.
C.China is making great effrts t prtect the pandas.
D.China needs mre help frm the Wrld Wildlife Fund.
6.Hw many wild pandas are there in China?
A.Abut 260.B.Abut 635.
C.Abut 2,000.D.Abut 2,635.
7.Which can be the best title fr the text?
A.The Disappearance f Bamb.
B.A New Threat Faced by the Pandas.
C.Effrts Made t Save Pandas.
D.Necessity t Change Pandas’ Fd.
C
Tw little girls wh are lvely in Britain are bringing thusands f peple tgether t sign a petitin (请愿书) demanding that Burger King and McDnald’s stp giving away plastic tys.
With the help f their mther, nine-year-ld Ella and seven-year-ld Caitlin started an nline petitin in rder t persuade the fast fd giants (巨头) t d away with the wasteful tys that came with Happy Meals and Junir Meals.
Since starting the petitin, the yungsters have gt ver 350,000 signatures f their 500,000 gal, and the call fr actin has already received further supprt frm adults and children.
“We’ve been learning all abut the envirnment at schl and the prblem f plastic. It makes us very sad t see hw plastic harms wildlife and pllutes the cean, and we want t change this,” reads the petitin. “That’s why we want Burger King and McDnald’s t think f the envirnment and stp giving away plastic tys with their kids’ meals.”
“We like t g t eat at Burger King and McDnald’s, but children nly play with the plastic tys fr a few minutes befre they get thrwn away, harm animals and pllute the sea. We want anything they give us t be envirnmentally friendly s we can prtect the planet fr urselves and fr future generatins,” they cntinue.
In additin t the girls making a cnvincing argument, the amunt f signatures n the petitin almst dubled after reprters frm the BBC’s War n Plastic fllwed the yung activists t the McDnald’s headquarters in rder t present the petitin.
Since the little girls’ stry started being picked up by internatinal news utlets, Burger King and McDnald’s have emailed statements t CNBC detailing their plans fr making their free tys mre envirnmentally friendly.
8.Hw did the tw girls begin their petitin?
A.By the BBC.B.By CNBC.
C.By the Internet.D.By newspapers.
9.Why are the tw little girls gathering many peple tgether?
A.T gain peple’s attentin.
B.T get ver 350,000 signatures.
C.T eat at Burger King and McDnald’s.
D.T stp tw giants giving free plastic tys.
10.What d Burger King and McDnald’s plan t d after the petitin?
A.T email statements t the BBC.
B.T make a cnvincing argument.
C.T sell mre envirnmentally friendly tys.
D.T give away mre envirnmentally friendly tys.
11.Which f the fllwing best describes the tw little girls’ stry?
A.It’s abut prduct prmtin.
B.It’s abut a cmpany intrductin.
C.It’s abut cmmercial advertising.
D.It’s abut envirnmental prtectin.
D
On Saturday, 24 August, 1918, it was raining cats and dgs and thundering ver a city called Sunderland n the nrtheast cast f England. The strm lasted fr nly abut ten minutes. Peple were surprised t see that it was nt just rainwater falling frm the sky. There were fish falling dwn, t! Peple came ut t find ut what was happening. They culd nt believe their wn eyes. There were thusands f fish—sand eels—lying n the grund. They were abut seven centimeters lng, and all were frzen slid.
Sand eels swim tgether in large grups, ften in sandy water, and are ften fund in large numbers in the Nrth Sea, which reaches ut t the east f Sunderland. Hw was it pssible fr these sand eels t fall frm the sky and land n Sunderland?
Scientists believed the heavy thunderstrm that afternn might have caused a watersput(水龙卷). Watersputs can be frmed when strng winds mve quickly in a circle ver water. They are s pwerful; anything less than ne meter in length can be taken int them and frced int the cluds. The cluds carry whatever has been taken int them fr lng distances—smetimes ver 150 kilmeters. It’s very cld up there and everything sn freezes slid.
Fr hundreds f years there have been reprts f small animals being taken int the sky thrugh watersputs. In 2009, dead tadples rained dwn n the city f Nana in Japan. In 2012, fifty kils f prawns fell frm the sky ver Sri Lanka. In 2017, fish fell n the castal city f Tampic in Mexic.
It must be a very strange experience t see fish raining dwn n yu. It wuld prbably hurt if ne fell n yur head! With climate change, glbal warming and many terrible natural disasters, will the time ever cme when it may really begin t rain cats and dgs?
12.What was the rain like n 24 August 1918?
A.It was very heavy.
B.It fell arund England.
C.It lasted quite a lng time.
D.It caused many human deaths.
13.What d we knw abut the sand eels that landed n Sunderland?
A.They were few in number.
B.They came in different sizes.
C.They were still alive when landing.
D.They prbably came frm the Nrth Sea.
14.What des the underlined wrd “them” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A.Cluds.B.Watersputs.
C.Strng winds.D.The waters f the sea.
15.In the end, what des the authr prbably care mst abut?
A.Our health.B.Our envirnment.
C.The wild animals.D.The news reprts.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Be Green?
What des “green” mean? “Green” is mre than just a clr. 16 Why green? Plants are green,and withut them the Earth wuldn’t be such a lvely hme t us human beings. What can we d? Here’s a fur-step guide t being green.
Reduce It!
17 Fr instance, a shrter shwer means yu use less water and less fuel since yur huse uses fuel t run the water heater that warms up the water.
Reuse It!
Smetimes peple call ur sciety a “thrwaway sciety”. It means that we’re a little t willing t thrw away ld stuff(东西) and buy new stuff. 18 .Fr instance, if yur baby brther becmes lder and lses interest in his plastic basketball hp(篮圈), why nt give it t anther family wh has a little kid?
Recycle It!
Recycling has never been easier. Many peple in cmmunities(社区) will pick things up right in frnt f yur huse and sme twns even require them. Recycled gds g t a recycling center, where they can be turned int new cans, bttles, and paper.
Enjy It!
It’s true that rubbish and pllutin are prblems, but the Earth is still a huge and beautiful place that’s ready fr yu t explre. 19 G n a hike, visit lcal nature centers and gardens, and climb up muntains.
But befre yu travel arund the wrld, take a lk at yur wn backyard. Find a place where yu culd plant a tree r build a little fruit r vegetable garden. 20
A.Get ut there and get yur hands dirty.
B.Turn ff the tap when yu’re brushing yur teeth.
C.It als means taking special steps t prtect the envirnment.
D.When yu use less f smething, yu d a gd thing fr the Earth.
E.Yu can start lcally by visiting the beautiful natural spts in yur city.
F.Many times, even if yu n lnger need smething, smene else just might.
G.Then yu can watch with pride as yur tree takes rt and yur garden plants grw.
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a summer evening almst 30 years ag. I was rcking my baby by in my arms and when he fell asleep, I put him 21 dwn int his crib fr the night. My wife,tired ut after a lng day f wrk, was half napping and half watching TV in the living rm. Nt caring fr the 22 , I pured myself a glass f iced tea in the kitchen, tk a lawn chair ff ur prch (门廊) and walked int the frnt yard t 23 the stars.
As sn as I stepped int the yard, I heard the sweet sund f 24 flating thrugh the air. On the hill next t ur huse, the neighbr’s children were 25 fireflies (萤火虫), hping t catch ne in a jar. I sat dwn in my chair and watched them fr a while. They ran very fast; 26 , they culdn’t seem t catch the slw mving lighting bugs. 27 , exhausted, they bth sat dwn n the grass and 28 watched the little guys flying thrugh the air, blinking n and ff. I drank my tea and jined them in their 29 . It felt s gd t get t see ne f many miracles lighting up my frnt yard n a 30 night. It made me feel a part f smething far greater than myself.
Over the years since then, I have appreciated and 31 all f the glrius light in this wrld. I have taken it int my heart and welcmed it int my sul. I have fund it in nature, bks, music, animals, prayers, and mst f all in the lives f thse arund me. I have never tried t catch this 32 , hwever. I have learned that true light and true lve must cme frm 33 . It must flw freely between us and can’t be 34 in a jar. The next time yu see sme fireflies, take a seat and enjy their light. Let them remind yu t give ff yur wn light as well. Let them remind yu that yu, t, are ne f the 35 in this wrld.
B.quickly
C.frcefullyD.silently
B.film
C.shwD.atmsphere
atB.pint t
C.smile atD.glance at
B.laughter
C.fightD.scream
B.killing
C.admiringD.teasing
B.hwever
C.meanwhileD.smewhat
B.Purpsefully
C.HappilyD.Eventually
B.just
C.yetD.still
B.cmpetitin
C.discussinD.celebratin
B.autumn
C.summerD.spring
B.shne
C.preservedD.enjyed
B.bug
C.jarD.practice
B.behind
C.withinD.arund
B.caught
C.ignredD.seen
B.rescuers
C.discverersD.miracles
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The size f fish in the ceans is shrinking. A new reprt frm Canada states fish may shrink by as much as a quarter in the cming decades, which mainly 36 (result) frm glbal warming. The research team cnducted tests n the effect f 37 (rise) cean temperatures n the size and number f ver 600 species f fish. They cncluded that mst fish are likely t shrink by 14—24 percent by the year 2050. The biggest changes 38 (see) clearly in trpical regins. There is 39 (little) xygen in warmer water s fish cannt grw nrmally and many will migrate t cler waters.
Lead researcher Prfessr William said, “We were surprised t see such a large decrease in fish size. Marine fish are generally knwn t respnd t climate change 40 changing distributin and seasnality. But the unexpectedly big effect 41 climate change culd have n bdy size suggests that we may be missing a big piece f the puzzle f understanding climate change effects n the cean.” He added that verfishing and pllutin will 42 (wrse) the prblem. “Our wrk shws a very 43 (wrry) future fr the ceans, 44 it is very imprtant t reduce greenhuse gas emissin and develp better fish management plicies 45 (adapt) t these changes,” he said.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华,你校绿社 (the Green Club)将向附近农场社区发出“Say N t Chemical Fertilizers”的倡议,请你以社长的名义用英语写一封倡议书,主要内容包括:
1.简述倡议内容;
2.阐明倡议理由;
3.号召大家响应。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Michael Martin was ging t d his nrmal shpping at a Smart & Final stre in Sacrament, Califrnia with his family,curisity made him stp in frnt f a man sitting utside.It’s n wnder that we see sme hmeless peple utside different stres,but this man seemed different.He was sitting n his sleeping bag with his résumés(简历)and a sign that read “need wrk and fd”.
The man was named Frederic Callisn,52 and a frmer ck.He came t Sacrament tw years ag frm Washingtn in the hpe f getting a jb as a ck. His plans were stpped and he ended up in this unexpected way. Smart & Final allwed him t stay near the stre,as he helped them t push carts fr free.
But he wuld nt like t ask fr mney like mst f the hmeless peple.Instead,he decided t use the place as active jb-hunting t change his difficult circumstances.S he made the sign.This was nt just wrds,as his Scial Security number and ID were als kept handy.All the dcuments shwed his serius intentins t find wrk.
Martin was amazed by such preparatins and asked the man fr his résumés. Withut hesitatin,Callisn handed ne t him.The résumé, which was well-written and had a striking résumé headline, claimed that he was a fine ck. Then he began telling Martin abut his qualificatin and wrk experiences. It was like a real interview, but nt s intense and strict.
Martin was impressed and inspired by Callisn’s will and effrts t wrk. He ttally understd the situatin f Callisn. Effrts and determinatin f Callisn were wrth respect, as it was really a difficult gal.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Michael Martin decided t d what he culd t help the hmeless man.
Paragraph 2:
Frederic was really grateful fr such an pprtunity.
答案全解全析
Unit 6 Nature in wrds
单元达标检测
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了世界各地的“绿色”酒店为客人提供环保和一流的度假体验。
1.B 细节理解题。根据Hi Htel, Nice, France中的内容可知,Hi Htel因使用再生纸、有机油漆、环保清洁产品和有机食品而获得“绿色环球”认证。所以 Hi Htel的特别之处在于它提供绿色食品。故选B项。
2.A 细节理解题。根据Park Hyatt Maldives Hadahaa, Maldives中的“Sme parts f the htel are built ver the water in the Indian Ocean in rder t reduce interference(干扰)with the natural envirnment.”可知,酒店的一些部分建在印度洋的水面上,以减少对自然环境的干扰。所以Park Hyatt Maldives Hadahaa部分建在海上来保护环境。故选A项。
3.D 细节理解题。根据Spice Island Beach Resrt,St. Gerge’s,Grenada中的“Smking f any kind is frbidden in the areas r the htel.”可知,Spice Island Beach Resrt禁止吸烟。故选D项。
【高频词汇】
1.ec-friendly adj.环保的 2.certificatin n.证明 3.rganic fd有机食品 4.emplyment n.雇用;职业;就业 5.carbn ftprint 碳足迹;碳排放量 6.cnservatin n.保护;保存;节约
B
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了秦岭大熊猫可能面临新的威胁:它们的主要食物——竹子——由于气候变暖正在消失。
4.D 推理判断题。根据第一段The endangered makes up 99% f their meals.可推知,秦岭地区的大量竹子可能会消失。故选D项。根据第一段中的the lss f their fd, bamb, which makes up 99% f their meals可知A项错误;根据第一段中的might face可知B项错误;根据第一段中的the lss f their fd, bamb可知C项错误。
5.A 推理判断题。根据第三段中Liu Jiangu所说的话This is hw much the temperature will rise by 2100 even if all cuntries will keep their prmises in The Paris Agreement. But yu knw what is happening arund the wrld.可知,即使所有国家都遵守在《巴黎协定》中的承诺,到2100年,气温也会上升这么多。由此推知,很难将温度上升控制在3.5度以内。第三段虽然提到They have fund that bamb is very sensitive t climate change.,但不是Liu Jiangu所说的话;第四段虽然提到In recent years, China has been trying its best t prtect the endangered pandas by setting up mre and bigger natural reserves.但也不是Liu Jiangu所说的话;D项在文中没有支持信息。
6.C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的The Qinling Muntains are hme t abut 260 pandas. That is abut 13% f the China’s wild panda ppulatin.可知,中国大约有(260除以13%)2,000只野生大熊猫。故选C项。
7.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了大熊猫面临的新威胁——竹子可能会消失,选项B“大熊猫面临的新威胁”紧贴主题,简明扼要,最适合作为标题。
【高频词汇】
1.endangered adj.濒临灭绝的 2.threat n.威胁 3.take in吸收
4.be made up f由……组成 5.be sensitive t对……敏感 6.be hme t是……的栖息地
长难句分析
原句 Hwever, a new study published in Nature Climate Change warned that they may sn find their fd gne because mst f the bamb in Qinling Muntains might disappear by the end f the century as a result f rising temperature wrldwide.
分析 本句为主从复合句。published in Nature Climate Change为过去分词短语作后置定语;that they may sn find their fd gne为宾语从句,作warned的宾语;because mst f the bamb in Qinling Muntains might disappear...为原因状语从句。
句意 然而,一项发表在《自然气候变化》上的新研究警告说,它们可能很快就会发现它们的食物消失了,因为由于全球气温上升,秦岭的大部分竹子可能在本世纪末消失。
C
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。英国两个小女孩通过网络将成千上万的人聚集在一起签署请愿书,希望汉堡王和麦当劳考虑环境问题,停止赠送塑料玩具。
8.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知,在妈妈的帮助下,9岁的Ella和7岁的Caitlin在网上发起了一项请愿活动,以说服快餐巨头们取消随套餐赠送的塑料玩具。她们是通过网络开始这项请愿活动的。故选C项。
9.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的demanding that Burger King and McDnald’s stp giving away free plastic tys(要求汉堡王和麦当劳停止赠送塑料玩具)可知,这两个女孩聚集如此多人是为了阻止汉堡王和麦当劳赠送免费的塑料玩具。故选D项。
10.D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的Burger King and McDnald’s have emailed statements t CNBC detailing their plans fr making their free tys mre envirnmentally friendly(汉堡王和麦当劳已经通过电子邮件向CNBC发送了声明,详细说明了他们让免费玩具更环保的计划)可知,请愿书事件使这两家公司决定赠送更环保的玩具。故选D项。
11.D 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了英国两个可爱的小女孩将成千上万的人聚集在一起,签署请愿书,希望汉堡王和麦当劳考虑环境问题,停止给孩子们赠送塑料玩具,由此可知她们的故事是关于环保的。故选D项。prduct prmtin产品推销;a cmpany intrductin公司介绍;cmmercial advertising商业广告;envirnmental prtectin 环境保护。
【高频词汇】
1.demand v.要求 2.d away with废除;取消 3.cnvincing adj.令人信服的;有说服力的 4.signature n.签名;署名
5.duble v.加倍 6.statement n.陈述;声明 7.detail v.详述
8.envirnmentally friendly adj.环保的
长难句分析
原句 Tw little girls wh are lvely in Britain are bringing thusands f peple tgether t sign a petitin demanding that Burger King and McDnald’s stp giving away plastic tys.
分析 本句为主从复合句。句子主干为Tw little girls in Britain are bringing thusands f peple tgether t sign a petitin; wh are lvely为定语从句,修饰girls; that Burger King and McDnald’s stp giving away plastic tys为宾语从句,作demanding的宾语。
句意 两个可爱的英国小女孩正在把成千上万的人聚集在一起签署请愿书,要求汉堡王和麦当劳停止赠送免费的塑料玩具。
D
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为“水龙卷”的自然现象,会将长度小于一米的任何物质带到很远的地方——有时会超过150公里。文章还介绍了其形成的原因以及和其有关的天上降下鱼虾等历史事件。
12.A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句On Saturday, 24 August, 1918, it was raining cats and dgs and thundering ver a city called Sunderland n the nrtheast cast f England.可知,1918年8月24日的雨下得很大。rain cats and dgs 表示“下倾盆大雨”,故选A。同时根据该句可排除B项;根据第一段中的The strm lasted fr nly abut ten minutes.可知C项错误;D项在文中没有支持信息。
13.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中Sand eels swim tgether in large grups, ften in sandy water, and are ften fund in large numbers in the Nrth Sea, which reaches ut t the east f Sunderland.可知,降落在桑德兰的玉筋鱼可能来自北海。故选D。
14.B 推理判断题。根据画线词上文Scientists believed the heavy thunderstrm that afternn might have caused a watersput(水龙卷). Watersputs can be frmed when strng winds mve quickly in a circle ver water. They are s pwerful...可知,这里一直在描写水龙卷的形成,故them指代“水龙卷”。
15.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中最后一句With climate change, glbal warming and many terrible natural disasters, will the time ever cme when it may really begin t rain cats and dgs?可推知,最后,作者最关心的可能是我们的环境。
【高频词汇】
1.last fr持续 2.freeze v.(使)冻结,结冰 3.in length 在长度上 4.land v.降落;着陆 5.refer t指的是
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述的是“绿色”。绿色不仅是一种颜色,也意味着环保。要想保护环境,必须采取一定的措施,使环境绿化。
16.C 根据前文“Green”is mre than just a clr.(绿色不仅仅是一种颜色。)可知C项:It als means taking special steps t prtect the envirnment.(它也意味着采取特殊措施以保护环境。)符合语境,故选C。
17.D 根据本段小标题Reduce It!可知D项:When yu use less f smething,yu d a gd thing fr the Earth.(当你少用一点东西的时候,你就为地球做了一件好事。)与小标题相呼应,符合语境,故选D。
18.F 根据下文Fr instance, if yur baby brther becmes lder and lses interest in his plastic basketball hp(篮圈), why nt give it t anther family wh has a little kid?(例如,如果你的弟弟长大了,对塑料篮筐失去了兴趣,为什么不把它送给另一个有小孩的家庭呢?)可知,这里建议将自己不需要的东西送给其他需要的人,故F项:Many times,even if yu n lnger need smething,smene else just might.(很多时候,即使你不再需要某样东西了,别人可能刚好需要。)符合语境。故选F。
19.E 根据前文but the Earth is still a huge and beautiful place that’s ready fr yu t explre(但是地球仍然是一个巨大而美丽的地方,准备好了让你去探索)可知E项:Yu can start lcally by visiting the beautiful natural spts in yur city.(你可以从游览你所在城市当地的自然美景开始。)符合语境,故选E。
20.G 根据前文Find a place where yu culd plant a tree r build a little fruit r vegetable garden.(找一个地方,在那里你可以种一棵树或建造一个小的果园或菜园。)可知G项:Then yu can watch with pride as yur tree takes rt and yur garden plants grw.(然后你可以自豪地看着你的树生根,你的花园里的植物生长。)中的tree与garden可与上文呼应,符合语境。故选G。
【高频词汇】
1.mre than 不仅仅 2.fr instance 例如 3.fuel n.燃料
4.warm up 使变热;使变暖 5.recycle v.再利用;回收利用
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者在大约30年前看到萤火虫的情形和心里的感触。
21.A 考查副词词义辨析。gently 轻轻地;quickly 快速地;frcefully 强有力地;silently 悄悄地。根据语境可知,父亲把孩子放到婴儿床上的动作应是轻轻地。故选A项。
22.C 考查名词词义辨析。baby 婴儿;film 电影;shw 节目;atmsphere 气氛。根据前文My wife, tired ut after a lng day f wrk, was half napping and half watching TV in the living rm.可知,“我”工作一天的妻子在起居室半睡半看电视,所以此处应是电视上的节目。故选C项。
23.A 考查动词短语辨析。stare at 盯着看;pint t 指向;smile at 对……微笑;glance at 瞥见。看星星应用stare at “盯着看”。故选A项。
24.B 考查名词词义辨析。argument 论点;laughter 笑声;fight 打架;scream 尖叫。根据后文On the hill next t ur huse, the neighbr’s children were 25 fireflies (萤火虫), hping t catch ne in a jar.可知此处听到的应是孩子们的笑声。故选B项。
25.A 考查动词词义辨析。chase 追逐;kill 杀;admire 仰慕;tease 取笑。根据语境可知,应是孩子们追逐萤火虫。故选A项。
26.B 考查副词词义辨析。therwise 否则;hwever 然而;meanwhile 与此同时;smewhat 有点。根据语境可知,虽然萤火虫飞得缓慢,但是孩子们仍然抓不住。故选B项。
27.D 考查副词词义辨析。frequently 经常地;purpsefully 有目的地;happily 开心地;eventually 最后。根据语境可知,孩子们累了,坐在草坪上是最终的结果。故选D项。
28.B 考查副词词义辨析。als也;just 只;yet 然而;still 仍然。根据语境可知,孩子们累了,坐在草坪上,只能看着萤火虫在空中飞。故选B项。
29.A 考查名词词义辨析。appreciatin欣赏;cmpetitin 竞争;discussin 讨论;celebratin 庆典。根据后文 It felt s gd t get t see ne f many miracles lighting up my frnt yard n a 30 night.可知,在一个夏日的夜晚,作者看到许多奇迹中的一个点亮了他的前院,这种感觉真是太好了。所以作者也跟着孩子们欣赏萤火虫。故选A项。
30.C 考查名词词义辨析。winter冬天;autumn秋天;summer夏天;spring 春天。由第一段第一句It was a summer evening almst 30 years ag.可知选C项。
31.D 考查动词词义辨析。flash闪光;shine 发光;preserve 保护;enjy 享受。根据语境可知选D项。
32.A 考查名词词义辨析。light 光;bug 小虫;jar罐子;practice 练习。根据前文可知,作者在心里接受这种光并且在灵魂上欢迎它,所以作者从未想过要捕捉这种光。故选A项。
33.C 考查副词词义辨析。near 在附近;behind 在后面;within 在内部;arund 在周围。根据语境可知,光芒和真爱来自内心。故选C项。
34.B 考查动词词义辨析。leave 使留下;catch 捉住;ignre 忽略;see 看到。由语境可知选B项。
35.D 考查名词词义辨析。passer-by路人;rescuer 救援者;discverer发现者;miracle奇迹。根据语境可知,萤火虫是世界上的奇迹之一,作者通过萤火虫想告诉读者,你也是世界上的奇迹之一。故选D项。
【高频词汇】
1.rck v.轻轻摇动;轻轻摇晃 2.nap v.小睡;打盹儿
3.pur v.倒 4.flat v.浮动;飘动 5.exhausted adj.筋疲力尽的;疲劳的 6.blink v.眨眼;闪烁 7.glrius adj.壮丽的;辉煌的
8.(be) tired ut 十分疲劳;筋疲力尽
第二节
◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。加拿大的一份新报告指出,全球变暖会缩减鱼类的体积。
36.results 考查时态和主谓一致。句意:一份来自加拿大的新报告指出,未来几十年内,鱼类体积可能会缩减多达四分之一,造成这种情况的主要原因是全球变暖。此处是非限制性定语从句中的谓语动词,先行词which指代整个主句,描述一般事实,所以时态是一般现在时,因此要用第三人称单数形式。
37.rising 考查非谓语动词。句意:研究团队就上升的海洋温度对600多种鱼类的大小和数量的影响进行了试验。此处应用现在分词作定语修饰cean temperatures。故填rising。
38.will be seen 考查时态和语态。句意:最大的变化将明显地出现在热带地区。根据上文by the year 2050和此处表示将来的事情可知,时态应用一般将来时,The biggest changes与see之间是被动关系,要用一般将来时的被动语态。
39.less 考查形容词比较等级。句意:较温暖的水里含氧量较少,因此鱼类无法正常生长,许多鱼会迁移到较冷的水域。根据语境和in warmer water 可知此处要用形容词的比较级。故填less。
40.thrugh/by 考查介词。句意:众所周知,海洋鱼类通过改变分布和季节性来应对气候变化。根据语境可知此处表示方式,因此要用介词thrugh或by,意为“通过”。
41.that/which 考查定语从句。句意:但气候变化可能对鱼类的身体大小产生出人意料的巨大影响,这表明我们可能在理解气候变化对海洋的影响这一难题中遗漏了一大块。分析句子可知,此处是一个定语从句,先行词为big effect,关系词在定语从句中作have的宾语,指物,故填关系代词that或which。
42.wrsen 考查词性转换。句意:他补充说,过度捕捞和污染将使这一问题恶化。根据will可知此处要用动词原形,故填wrsen。
43.wrrying 考查词性转换。句意:他说:“我们的研究表明,海洋的未来非常令人担忧,所以减少温室气体排放和制定更好的鱼类管理政策来适应这些变化非常重要。”根据名词 future可知此处要用-ing形式结尾的形容词,意为“令人担忧的”。故填wrrying。
44.s 考查连词。此处表示因果关系,故填s。
45.t adapt 考查非谓语动词。此处要用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t adapt。
【高频词汇】
1.shrink v.缩小 2.result frm由……引起 3.cnduct v.实施;安排 4.cnclude vt.推断,作结论 5.migrate v.迁徙;移动
第三部分 写作
第一节
One pssible versin:
Dear ladies and gentlemen,
Are yu passinate abut ur farm cmmunity? Then we’d like yu t jin the campaign f “Say N t Chemical Fertilizers”. That way yu’ll help raise peple’s awareness f envirnmental prtectin.
By mtivating peple nt t use chemical fertilizers, yu can create a greener farm cmmunity, which will be beneficial t future generatins. Yu dn’t need t buy expensive equipment, just changing chemical fertilizers int green fertilizers.
T create a mre beautiful and livable cmmunity, n behalf f the Green Club, I sincerely appeal t yu fr yur invlvement.
the Green Club
第二节
One pssible versin:
Paragraph 1:
Michael Martin decided t d what he culd t help the hmeless man. After buying him sme water and fd, Martin phtgraphed the résumé. He psted Frederic’s stry with the pht n scial netwrks, hping that smene wuld cme frward and ffer the determined man a jb. Martin was nt sure if that wuld make any difference, s he als passed the pht t his frmer clleagues, wh wrked fr a cmpany in the fd industry. Sn there was a result. Smene paying attentin t the pst n the Internet invited Frederic Callisn t be a ck at a pizza restaurant.
Paragraph 2:
Frederic was really grateful fr such an pprtunity. He wrked hard every day. He was serius abut studying the menu and preparing fr the wrking days. His excellent perfrmance was sn recgnized by the bss and his clleagues. Nw he n lnger has t wrry abut fd and shelter. As yu can see, Martin and the Internet played an imprtant rle, but withut Callisn’s wn effrts, things wuld nt have had a psitive turn. Gd nly helps thse wh help themselves.
1.B
2.A
3.D
4.D
5.A
6.C
7.B
8.C
9.D
10.D
11.D
12.A
13.D
14.B
15.B
16.C
17.D
18.F
19.E
20.G
21.A
22.C
23.A
24.B
25.A
26.B
27.D
28.B
29.A
30.C
31.D
32.A
33.C
34.B
35.D
写作指导
故事
要素
Time
when Martin was ging t d his nrmal shpping
Place
at a Smart & Final stre in Sacrament, Califrnia
Character
Michael Martin;Frederic Callisn
Reasn
Frederic Callisn hped t get a jb as a ck.
情节
Curse
Michael Martin was ging t d his nrmal shpping.→Michael Martin saw a man sitting utside with his résumés and a sign.→Michael Martin knew Frederic Callisn’s experience.→Frederic Callisn wanted t get a jb as a ck.→Michael Martin was amazed by such preparatins and asked the man fr his résumés. Callisn handed ne t him.→Martin was impressed and inspired by Callisn’s will and effrts t wrk.
续写
方向
Para.1
Michael Martin decided t d what he culd t help the hmeless man.
①Michael Martin为了帮助这个无家可归的人做了什么?
②结果怎样?
③Frederic感谢的是什么机会?
Para.2
Frederic was really grateful fr such an pprtunity.
①Frederic如何利用这次机会?
②后来怎么样了?
③文章给我们什么启示?
提示:也可增加Frederic对Michael Martin的感激之情。
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