2021学年Unit 4 Friends forever教课ppt课件

Starting out & Understanding ideas

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

She was returning from teaching out in a small community.It was a black, moonless night, and a heavy snow was falling.

She thought back to the time when she had first started teaching out in small communities.During those days she had always picked up hitchhikers (搭便车者), until the day her sister told her that one of her friends had been shot in the head by a hitchhiker, all because she had stopped out of kindness to help him during a storm.

Her family didn't stop worrying about her safety over the hitchhikers until the family heard the promise: “No more hitchhikers！” The snow that night was making her think back to this.

Then she saw a man waving.She slowed down for him, but as he ran toward the car in the dark, she shook with fear.Yet she thought that if he was truly in need, she couldn't leave him here in this storm.

The stranger explained that his car was dead, and she told him to get in.They drove for an hour into the next city and she took him to a convenience store.She waited until he had made a call.When he reported back to her that a family member would soon come to pick him up, she wished him well and then left.

Tears fell on her cheeks as she drove away.It felt as though she had been holding her breath for an hour.

“I hope they'll understand why I had to break my promise，” she thought.

语篇解读：本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了女主人公搭载陌生人的事情。

1．What made the woman's family worried about her safety?

A．She had been hurt by a hitchhiker.

B．A friend of her sister's was killed by a hitchhiker.

C．There were often snowstorms on her way home.

D．Her car often broke down on her way home.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的until the day her sister told her that one of her friends had been shot in the head by a hitchhiker, all because she had stopped out of kindness to help him during a storm 可知，家人担心她是因为她妹妹的朋友因为搭载了搭便车的人被杀害了。故选B。

2．The stranger asked for help because         .

A．his car had broken down

B．he wanted to rob her

C．he couldn't find his way home

D．he couldn't get in touch with his friends

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第五段中的The stranger explained that his car was dead 可知，陌生人寻求帮助的原因是车子坏了。故选A。

3．What can we know about the woman from the passage?

A．She was sorry to pick up the stranger.

B．She felt too tired to breathe.

C．She had been afraid of being with the stranger.

D．She had been too careful when driving in the storm.

解析：选C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的It felt as though she had been holding her breath for an hour.可知，她其实很害怕。故选C。

4．What would be the best title for this passage?

A．A Safety Problem

B．An Important Hitchhiker

C．A Friendly Stranger

D．A Broken Promise

解析：选D　标题归纳题。根据文章的内容可知，女主人公向家人承诺不再搭载搭便车的人，但出于好心，还是帮助了一位陌生人，打破了自己的承诺，故选D。

B

Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back.That is why some friendships don't last very long.To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you.Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous (慷慨的); be understanding.

Honesty is where a good friendship starts.Friends must be able to trust one another.If you do not tell the truth, people usually find out.If a friend finds out that you haven't been honest, you may lose your friend's trust.Good friends always rely on one another to speak and act honestly.

Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow.You do not have to give your lunch money or your clothes.Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings.These can be very valuable to a friend.They tell your friend what is important to you.By sharing them, you help your friend know you better.

Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem.Something may go wrong at school.Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve.Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem.So to be a friend you must listen and understand.You must try to put yourself in your friend's place so that you can understand the problem better.

No two friendships are exactly alike.But all true friendships have three things in common.If you plan to keep your friends, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了能够交到好朋友的三个关键品质：诚实，慷慨大方，善解人意。

5．Some friendships don't last long because         .

A．there are too many people who want to make friends

B．those who give others friendship receive friendship from others

C．some people receive friendship but don't give friendship back

D．they don't know friendship is something serious

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don't give friendship back.可知，有些友谊不会长久，是因为有些人接受了友谊却不给予回报。故选C。

6．According to the passage, honesty is         .

A．something countable

B．the base of friendship

C．as important as money

D．more important than anything else

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Honesty is where a good friendship starts.可知，诚实是友谊的基础。故选B。

7．In the third paragraph, the underlined word “They” refers to         .

A．generosity and friendship

B．generosity and sharing

C．your ideas and feelings

D．your clothes

解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings.These can be very valuable to a friend.They tell your friend what is important to you.可知，画线词“They”指的是你的想法和感受。故选C。

8．What is the best title for this passage?

A．How to Be a Friend

B．Honesty Is the Best Policy

C．A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed

D．Three Important Points in Life

解析：选A　标题归纳题。根据第一段内容可知，要想交到好朋友，你必须学会像你想被朋友对待的那样去对待朋友，交朋友意味着要学习三条规则：诚实，慷慨大方，善解人意。所以文章的最佳标题为“如何交朋友”。故选A。

C

Researchers in Australia, who studied 1,500 people and their lifestyle, have found that having good friends can help you live longer.An American study of 10,000 students, over a period of 35 years, also found that if you make more friends than the average person at school, you'll receive a higher salary in later life.People need good social skills at work to manage people and work in a team successfully.These are the same skills we use to make friends at school.

On average, teenagers aged between 15 and 17 have 500 “friends” on their favourite social networking site.Adults have 130.So if you believe this research, you might live for a long time and be very rich.

However, according to Professor Robin Dunbar from the University of Oxford, it probably won't make any difference.Dunbar studied the number of messages between users of a popular social networking website, each of whom had between 200 and 2,000 friends.He found that they always communicate with a maximum of 150 people.

Among these 150, Dunbar believes that around five people are close friends.You've mostly known them for a long time; they are probably old friends and you share all your good and bad experiences with them.Then there are ten more friends.Although they're close to you, you may not keep in touch with them every week.Next there are 35 people who you might spend time with because of a shared interest.You aren't close.And finally, there's a large group of 100.You see or speak to these people at least once a year, but you don't know them well.Beyond this number, Dunbar says, it's impossible to make any relationship meaningful.

If you have a lot of online “friends”， try this experiment: First take away anyone you haven't been in touch with for a year.Then remove people you can't remember and, finally, take away friends who you wouldn't mind losing touch with.How many do you have left? How many of these people are actually good friends? According to the research, these are the only people that really matter.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章对比了几项研究，说明了有好朋友比有一大堆朋友更重要。

9．What are the studies mentioned in the first paragraph mainly about?

A．The number of friends you should have.

B．The advantages of having a lot of friends.

C．Some social skills you may need at work.

D．Some useful advice on how to make friends.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，第一段提到的研究主要是关于有很多朋友的好处。故选B。

10．According to the American study, the most popular students at school         .

A．are likely to spend more money

B．may not be as popular at work

C．seem to get better­paid jobs

D．will work harder in later years

解析：选C　细节理解题， 根据第一段中的if you make more friends than the average person at school, you'll receive a higher salary in later life可知，根据美国的这项研究，学校里最受欢迎的学生似乎能找到薪水更高的工作。故选C。

11．What does the underlined part “this number” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A．10.　　　　　　　　 B．35.

C．100.   D．150.

解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的He found that they always communicate with a maximum of 150 people.再结合第四段的内容可知，Dunbar发现，人们最多只能和150人交流，超过这个数量的任何关系都没有意义。故画线词this number指的是“150”。故选D。

12．What does the text mainly want to show?

A．You need to spend more time with your friends.

B．Friends are sometimes more important than family.

C．There is a lot of research on the influence of friends.

D．It's more important to have good friends.

解析：选D　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Researchers in Australia, who studied 1,500 people and their lifestyle, have found that having good friends can help you live longer.可知，这篇文章主要想表达有好朋友更重要。故选D。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you only had one minute, or even just 20 seconds, to establish a good relationship with someone you've never met before, how would you do it? Here are three A's that you may find helpful.

Awareness

Getting along with others requires an awareness of three things — the environment, time, and the person you are meeting.  1    The setting (e.g., a church versus a gym)decides how you communicate and even what you should wear.Time is also important.Do you have hours, minutes, or just seconds? The less you have, the more you need to think about what you will say and how you will say it.

While an awareness of the setting and time is important, so is our awareness of others.Our immediate assessment of others, their mood and emotional state, contributes to getting along.Approaching someone when they are stressed may not be the best thing to do.  2   

Acceptance

Since ancient times, the wise have said, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” This is especially true in foreign countries.  3    Change how you do things, how you dress, how you greet, how you talk, so that you will fit in.Don't resist and don't insist that you have things your way, or that you know better.It is, once more, not about you.It is about two things — the setting and fitting in with others.Respect the beliefs, norms, customs, and practices of those you wish to engage in.Mirror those around you.It's the secret that wise men have used since ancient times.   4   

Approachable

  5   Smiling works to a point, but you must make welcoming eye contact.Your body language should say, “I am friendly and approachable.”

A．It is no different today.

B．You need to respond with a smile.

C．And it also applies in  other settings.

D．An awareness of the environment gives you a head start.

E．Instead, waiting just a half­hour can make all the difference.

F．If you want to be liked or fit in, you must be both accessible and friendly.

G．But we can't expect others to do for us what we should be doing for ourselves.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与人打交道的三个原则：意识，接受，平易近人。

1．选D　根据空前Getting along with others requires an awareness of three things — the environment, time, and the person you are meeting.可知，接下来应该是对这三要素进行阐述。故选D。

2．选E　根据空前Approaching someone when they are stressed may not be the best thing to do.可知，接下来应是告诉我们正确的做法，E项与前文的错误做法是相反关系，故选E。

3．选C　根据空前When in Rome, do as the Romans do.和This is especially true in foreign countries.可知，在国外尤其要注意入乡随俗，C项(它同样也适用于其他场合)是对上文的补充和说明，符合语境，选项中的it指的就是上文提到的“入乡随俗”这个原则，故选C。

4．选A　根据空前It's the secret that wise men have used since ancient times.A项(今天也一样)与前句衔接紧密，符合语境。故选A。

5．选F　根据小标题Approachable和后文Smiling works to a point以及friendly and approachable可知，本段是在具体讲述“平易近人”原则。F项与本段内容相符，与小标题是总分关系，故选F。