人教版新目标中考语法讲解非谓语动词课件PPT

这是一份人教版新目标中考语法讲解非谓语动词课件PPT，共42页。PPT课件主要包含了考点攻略，语篇运用，易错集训，备考训练，第十节　非谓语动词，作主语等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分　 语法专题
分析广东近几年的中考真题可知，非谓语动词为每年的重要考点，主要出现在语法选择和短文填空中。在语法选择中占1分，短文填空中占1分。分值虽然不大，但是考生在备考时，也需要高度重视。 非谓语动词是不作谓语的动词，主要有动词不定式、动词­ing形式和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。在句中起到名词、形容词或副词的作用。初中阶段要求考生重点掌握动词不定式的基本用法。
动词不定式一、动词不定式的构成 动词不定式的基本结构：t+动词原形(常用d代替动词原形)；否定形式为：nt+t+动词原形。
二、动词不定式的用法动词不定式在句中不能作谓语，可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语(加彩部分为初中阶段需要掌握的)等。
2.作宾语 (1)动词/动词短语+t d，动词不定式作宾语。常见的有此用法的动词/动词短语有：如：They decide t buy a car. 他们决定买一辆车。
(2)find/think等词后跟动词不定式作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句末。如：He finds it easy t learn English well.他发现学好英语很容易。
3．宾语补足语(1)动词+宾语+t d。否定形式是在t前加nt。动词不定式作宾语补足语时，动词与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系，宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的行为。常见的有此用法的动词有：
如：Lucy asked him t turn ff the radi. 露西让他关掉收音机。
(2)动词+宾语+d(省略t的不定式)。常见的有此用法的动词有感官动词和使役动词：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen t)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(lk at, see, watch, ntice)。当由主动语态变为被动语态时，不定式符号t要还原。如：The bss made the wrkers wrk all night. 这个老板让工人们工作一整晚。→The wrkers were made t wrk all night by the bss. (被动语态)
拓展：不带t的常见句型：①had better (nt) d sth. 最好(不)做某事。②Wuld/Culd yu please (nt) d sth.? 你可以(不)做某事吗？ ③Why nt d sth.? 为什么不做某事？④Why dn’t yu d sth.? 你为什么不做某事？ ⑤wuld rather d A than d B 宁愿做A，也不愿做B。⑥prefer t d A rather than d B宁愿做A，也不愿做B。
4．作状语(1)表示原因。如：I’m srry t hear that. 听到那我很难过。(2)表示目的。不定式作目的状语既可以放在句首，也可以放在句末。常用结构有 t d，in rder t d，s as t d等。如：T keep healthy，we shuld eat less meat.=We shuld eat less meat t keep healthy.为了保持健康，我们应该少吃肉。I am wrking hard in rder t get a better result.为了获得更好的成绩，我正在努力学习。
(3)表示结果。常用句型：enugh t d(足够……)，t… t…(太……而不能……)，nly t d(只能……)等。如：He didn’t run fast enugh t catch the train.他跑得不够快，没赶上火车。He is t yung t lk after himself.他太小了，照顾不了自己。
1．(2019广东改编)Yung peple are encuraged t wrk hard (achieve) their wn dreams.2．(2018广东改编)After lng years f war, many peple in Syria are hmeless. I think it’s imprtant build a peaceful wrld.3．(2017广东改编)Fr mre than nce, ur head teacher asks us (develp) the habit f keeping a diary.
4．(2016广东改编)Lenard DiCapri, a famus American actr, was always expecting win an Oscar and finally he made it.5．(2015广东改编)We advise parents nt (leave) their children at hme alne in rder t keep them away frm danger.6．I’m happy (help) thers because I can get much pleasure frm it.
7． stp fd waste, the gvernment has passed the law.8．(2021云南昆明改编)We think it is necessary learn hw t manage time and make gd use f every minute.9．(2021江苏南通改编)The cmmunity wrker is patient enugh (explain) t the ld t use Health Cde(码)．
一、动词不定式在语法选择中的运用分析广东近两年的中考短文填空可知，动词不定式考查了2次{作目的状语考查了1次：2021(38.t enjy)；作宾语补足语考查了1次：2020(33.t make)}。针对该考点，考生需要根据句式结构和上下文语境或固定搭配来确定答案。
1．句式结构判断法( )38.A．enjy B．enjyed C．enjying D．t enjy解析：由句意可知，游客来的目的是享受徒步穿越(这座桥)的奇妙体验，动词不定式作目的状语。故选D。
2．固定搭配( )33.A．make B．t make C．making D．made解析：expect sb. t d sth.意为“期望某人做某事”，是固定搭配，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。
At the age f five, Ruth fell in lve with schl. She was a bright child, and she was lucky 10 sme excellent teachers. N ne in Ruth’s family had much educatin, but her teachers encuraged her 11 t cllege, and Ruth was brave enugh t try. They als gave her mney and even a cat t wear.
(　 　)10. A．have B．having C．had D．t have(　 　)11.A．g B．went C．t g D．ging
二、动词不定式在短文填空中的运用分析广东近五年的中考短文填空可知，动词不定式考查了1次{作宾语补足语考查了1次：2019(77.take)}。针对该考点，考生需要根据句式结构和上下文语境或固定搭配来确定答案。
固定搭配解析：ask sb. t d sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，t后面的动词用原形，所以空处需要填动词原形。由“我非常喜欢他”可以推测出，应该是我让一名游客“拍”了一张我和这幅画的照片。take a pht意为“拍照”，是固定搭配。故填take。
Mnica was a very quiet girl. She always sat at the back f the classrm, reading r taking ntes. Every Mnday mrning, there wuld be a special shw in her class and ne student wuld be chsen t 12. a speech abut his r her dream.
常见的动词后接不定式与动名词的区别：
(1)He felt tired, s he stpped (have) a rest under the tree.(2)(2021山东临沂改编)Remember (use) sunglasses t stp the sun frm shining directly in yur eyes.(3)I mean (g), but my father will nt allw me t. (4)Ding that means (waste) time. (5)—Dn’t frget (turn) ff the lights when yu leave the classrm. —OK. I’ll d that.
1．I’ve just watched a TV prgram abut space. I hpe (walk) n the mn ne day.2．Lking at the sign “N swimming”， it warns us nt ___________(swim) in the lake.3．(2021四川成都改编)It is hard fr peple (mve) frward with a strng wind blwing hard. 4．(2021辽宁丹东改编)Turn the wrld int a big family, and we’ll make peple’s wish true earlier.
5．(2021海南改编)—I have less hmewrk than befre!—Me, t. Nw, we have enugh time (d) sprts. 6．(2021甘肃武威改编)I’d rather (eat) at hme than (g) ut fr dinner. 7．(2021重庆B卷改编)Peter’s mther gets up early (make) breakfast fr him every mrning.
一、语法选择 Hw many times have yu cmplained, “There aren’t enugh hurs in the day.”？ Hlly White wh graduated frm University f Cambridge prbably disagrees. Since she began schl fur years ag, White 1 her schl daily life n the vide­sharing website YuTube. In her vides, she gets up at 6:30 a.m. and ges t bed at 10:30 p.m. every day. In between, studying, cking, huse cleaning and exercising 2 well.
A similar case happens t cllege students in China． Mnths ag, Tsinghua University shwed pictures f 3 plans, study ntes and timetables. In ne f them, 4 undergraduate arranges(安排) his daily life fully. He usually ges t bed at 1:00 a.m. and gets up at 6:00 a.m. 5 he nly takes 10 classes a week, he arranges the rest f his day tightly. When he feels it hard 6 his timetable, he writes encuragements t himself, like “Yu’re the best” and “G fr it”．
Bth students succeeded in 7 their study because f hard wrk. White was at the tp f her 152 ther classmates, and the Chinese undergraduate wn a first­class schlarship. The tw have smething in cmmn. They bth have regular schedules and learn a way f managing time well. Sme wnder hw 8 avid tiredness and stress. White’s vide prbably prvides an answer. She advises us 9 ur tasks n a t­d list. We shuld als knw hw 10 and release(释放) stress because mental health is as imprtant as ur physical health. T White, dancing is smething she takes as a reward after finishing everything n the list. Then enugh sleep can rest her bdy and help her get ready t d a gd jb the next day.
(　 　)1.A．recrds B．recrded C．has recrded D．is recrding(　 　)2.A．plan B．were planned C．planned D．are planned(　 　)3.A．student B．students C．student’s D．students’
(　 　)4.A．/ B．a C．an D．the(　 　)5.A．Althugh B．But C．Because D．If(　 　)6.A．fllwing B．t fllw C．fllws D．fllw
(　 　)7.A．cmplete B．t cmplete C．cmpleting D．cmpleted(　 　)8.A．they B．them C．he D．him(　 　)9.A．write B．t write C．writing D．written(　 　)10.A．avid B．avided C．aviding D．t avid
二、短文填空(2021珠海拱北中学一模) What kind f life wuld yu want t live? Busy, relaxing, fun r meaningful? Why dn’t yu want t live in this 1. ？ Fr a lng time, I felt my life was bring and meaningless. I didn’t 2. what I culd d t change it.
One day, I saw 3. butterfly in my rm. It was trying t fly utside. It kept 4. int the windw. It thught that was the way ut. After sme time, it became tired and ended up flying int the spider web(网) in the crner f the windw. I learned a lessn 5. that butterfly. I decided t d smething t 6. my life. I wrte a list with different headings: play, wrk and me. Under them, I wrte dwn what 7. didn’t like abut each part f my life.