人教版新目标中考语法讲解冠词课件PPT

这是一份人教版新目标中考语法讲解冠词课件PPT，共51页。PPT课件主要包含了考点攻略，语篇运用，易错集训，备考训练，第二节　冠词，aan的用法，固定搭配法等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分　 语法专题
分析广东近几年的中考真题可知，冠词为每年的重要考点，主要出现在语法选择和短文填空中。
1．a，an的区别 不定冠词a, an一般有any或ne的意思，不强调数量，只用来泛指事物，说明其名称或种类。
不定冠词a, an的用法
易错点： (1)hur, hnest, hnr等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母h开头，但其读音却以元音音素开头，因此，前面要用an。有些单词虽然以元音字母开头，但其读音却以辅音音素开头，那么它们的前面应用a而不是an，这些词常见的有useful, usual, university, Eurpean等。(2)以字母u开头的单词可以利用u在首位的读音来判断，如：usual读/ju：/前面用a，而unusual 读/ʌ/，但凡开头读/ju：/的都用a，其他的读音就用an。另外，如果是以“un­”作前缀的单词，前面都用an，如：unhappy, uneasy, unexpected等。
(3)对于数字、字母以及由单词首字母构成的缩略词，也需根据读音来确定前面是用a还是an。如：He is a 12­year­ld by. 他是一个12岁的男孩。They didn't even have time t send ut an SOS. 他们甚至没有时间发出紧急求救信号。
1．(2017广东改编)I went t a supermarket t buy birthday gift fr my aunt yesterday.2．(2021青海改编) hard­wrking persn will have mre pprtunities t succeed.3．(2021贵州毕节改编)The shw Chinese Petry Cnference is really great success.
4．(2021湖北十堰改编)—Is Eric married? —Yes, and he has 8­year­ld daughter.5．(2021四川达州改编)China is Asian cuntry, while France is Eurpean cuntry.6．Put n yur cat, r yu will catch cld.7．She has ne apple, but she wants secnd ne.
特指双方熟悉，上文已经提及。世上独一无二，方位名词乐器。某些专有名词，外加复数姓氏。序数词最高级，习惯用语要特记。
8．(2019广东改编) Great Wall is ne f the seven wnders arund the wrld.9．(2016广东改编)Brazil, cuntry in Suth America, will hld 31st Olympic Games in August, 2016.10．(2021天津改编)This is stry f friendship. Let's read _____ stry tgether.
11．(2021山东菏泽改编)—What's the mst imprtant traditin in Chinese family? —I think it's t respect ld and lve yung. 12．(2021甘肃武威改编)Jim started t play vilin when he was five.13．(2021山东滨州改编)—What's ppulatin f China? —It has ppulatin f 1.4 billin.14．—What are Whites ding? —They are having breakfast at the table.
15．(2018广东改编)A new study says that ging t bed late is harmful t ur health.16．(2021江苏南通改编)My family have breakfast tgether every day. This helps us start day well.17．(2021江苏连云港改编)—Shall we play basketball this afternn? —Gd idea! D yu have basketball?18．—Des yur teacher g t wrk by car every day? —N. He usually takes a bus.
一、冠词在语法选择中的运用 分析广东近两年的中考语法选择可知，冠词考查了2次{不定冠词考查了1次：2021(35.an)；定冠词考查了1次：2020(38.the)}。针对该考点，考生要先判断空处是否需要填冠词，然后再判断冠词是表示泛指还是特指，表示泛指时用a/an，表示特指时用the。
1．表示泛指冠词作为限定词，可以修饰名词。如果冠词后面的单词是以元音音素开头，冠词用an，以辅音音素开头，则用a。
2．表示特指表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或物时，用定冠词the。
　(2021佛山顺德区一模语法选择节选)If she asked a 13­year­ld, “Where d yu see yurself in five years？” the answer wuld be… Or a yung wman might say that she had 19 lifelng dream f wrking in a fast­fd restaurant. (　 　)19.A.a B．an C．the D．/
Jesse and her tw yung sisters lived with their mther in an apartment building. One evening, a fire started n 20 secnd flr f the building.(　 　) 20.A. / B．a C．an D．the
二、冠词在短文填空中的运用 分析广东近五年中考短文填空可知，冠词考查了3次{不定冠词考查了2次：2019(78.a), 2018(77.a)；定冠词考查了1次：2017(72.the)}。针对该考点，考生要判断是不是固定搭配，还要根据语境判断冠词是表示泛指还是特指。
解析：a perid f意为“一段时间”，是固定搭配。故填a。
附：常见的冠词固定搭配
2.句式结构与上下文判断法
What d yu usually d in yur spare time? Many students chse t stay at hme, except Zhang Hua, 21. 11­year­ld by frm Zhuhai. Every day, he spends at least tw hurs n utdr activities. He enjys utdr activities rather than fcusing n his study all 22. time...
一、a/an的区别。1．在横线上填入合适的不定冠词。 umbrella； unusual stry； unhappy ending； useful bk； ugly wman； hur； hrse； Eurpean cuntry； ne­way street； island； hnest child； usual day
二、有无冠词的区别。在横线上填入合适的冠词，不需要冠词的填“/”。2．In the picture，I can see a car in frnt f the huse and a by is sitting in frnt f it.3．He lives in a huse by sea and ften ges travelling by sea.4．Mr. Li was ill in hspital last week.And he happened t meet his ld classmate Mary.She is a dctr in hspital.
1．(2021贵州安顺改编)—Jerry, can yu play tennis? —Yes, I can. It's easy ball game.2．(2021贵州铜仁改编)—The sun shines brightly. Yu'd better take ____ umbrella when yu g ut. —OK. It's useful suggestin.3．(2021青海西宁改编)I have a pen friend. She is Australian girl.4．(2021湖南湘西州改编)—Lk! This is Zhng Nanshan. He is ______ unusual dctr. —Ww! He is cl. I want t be dctr like him.
5．(2021辽宁朝阳改编)—What d yu think f trip t Fenghuang Muntain? —Wnderful! We all had gd time.6．(2021湖南郴州改编)—We have wrked fr lng time. —Yeah, let's g ut fr walk. It is useful way t relax.7． Whites live in the apartment acrss the street.8．The ld man is teacher. He likes playing basketball after supper.9． dctr is persn wh saves thers.
10．I like maths thugh it is little difficult.11． China is ld cuntry with lng histry. 12．She has cat and tw dgs. cat is black and dgs are white.13．She thanked him secnd time. 14．I think spring is best seasn f year, isn't it?15．Mr. Brwn bught new car day befre yesterday.
一、语法选择 D yu think ding husewrk is a hard task fr yu? Have yu ever thught f inventing smething t make it easier? 1 by named Sam Hughtn did and he invented a tw­head brm(扫帚). Sam was just three years ld when he 2 up with his idea. He saw his father sweep up garden leaves and change brms while trying t gather large leaves and litter.
Nw he is the pster by fr a new shw at the British Library in Lndn called “Inventing 3 21st Century”. T celebrate inventins and encurage new inventrs, the famus library is telling the stry f the mst special inventins cming ut f Britain in 4 past 10 years. Sam's brm is prduced 5 big cmpanies, and the brms are very ppular in England.
Yung Sam Hughtn is nw eight years ld and has 6 inventin. He has made a balln ppping machine(气球爆破装置) fr play centers. He said, “We dn't want children 7 because f lud bangs(爆炸声) f ballns. I used a bx t take away 8 bangs.” Have yu ever wanted t be a great inventr? Watch carefully, think it ver 9 wrk hard. Maybe yu will be 10 inventr. D yu think s?
(　 　)1.A. A B．An C．The D．/(　 　)2.A. cme B．cmes C．came D．has cme(　 　)3.A. a B．an C．the D．/(　 　)4.A. a B．an C．/ D．the(　 　)5.A. with B．by C．at D．as
(　 　)6.A. ther B．the ther C．thers D．anther(　 　)7.A. cry B．t cry C．crying D．cried(　 　)8.A. / B．a C．an D．the(　 　)9.A. and B．but C．r D．s(　 　)10.A. a B．an C．the D．/
二、短文填空 It was a cld Nvember evening, and my daughter and I were walking hme. Nra nticed a guy sitting inside a cardbard bx. She 1. at my cat sleeve(衣袖) and said, “That man's cld, Daddy. Can we take 2. hme？” I dn't remember my reply, but I d remember 3. sudden heavy feeling inside me. I had always been delighted(使高兴) at hw much my daughter nticed in her wrld, whether it was birds in flight r children playing. 4. nw she was nticing suffering and pverty. She wasn't even fur.
5． few days later, I saw an article in the newspaper abut vlunteers wh delivered meals t elderly peple. The vlunteers went t a nearby schl n a Sunday mrning, picked up a fd package, and delivered it t 6. elderly persn. I signed(报名) us up. Nra was 7. abut it. When Sunday came, we picked up the package and phned 8. elderly persn we'd been assigned(分配). She invited us right ver.