高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Into the wild导学案

Starting out & Understanding ideas

A dead polar bear found on the Arctic island has shocked experts who say climate change may be to blame for the animal's death.The starved polar bear in Norway was said to be in good health in April when the Norwegian Polar Institute examined and tagged it.However，the animal was reduced to skin and bones by the time a group of explorers happened to find his body in July.

“From his lying position in death，the bear appears to simply have starved and died where he dropped，”polar bear expert Dr.Ian Stirling told The Guardian.“He had no remaining fat，having been reduced to little more than skin and bones.”

Stirling believes the bear starved to death as a result of a lack of sea ice，which the animals use as a platform for hunting seals.That may also explain why the 16­year­old male bear was found about 155 miles north of where it was seen in April.

Arctic sea ice reached a record low in 2012，according to a report released this week by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration，which pointed to continued signs of climate change.

The International Union for Conservation of Nature currently has put polar bears into its Red List of Threatened Species.

The Endangered Species Act states that the government must act immediately to help save the polar bear from extinction.According to the World Wildlife Fund，only 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears remain on the planet.

[理解]

Read the passage and answer the following questions.

1．What may be to blame for the polar bear's death?

Climate change.

2．Why did the polar bear starve to death?

It was a lack of sea ice.

[积累]

1．be to blame for　　　 对……负责

2．tag v.   跟在……后面；

   加标签于

3．starve v.   挨饿

4．release v.   发布

5．extinction n.   灭绝

Section ⅠStarting out & Understanding ideas

The Monarch's Journey

Many animals move from one place to another① at certain times of the year.This annual② movement is called migration③.They migrate to find food, seek④ a partner, or in search of⑤ warmer weather.One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.

Every autumn, millions of these beautiful insects⑥ with fine black and orange wings begin a long and difficult journey.Somehow⑦ they manage⑧ to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to California or Mexico.However，[1]until recently no one knew how they did this.

[1]how引导宾语从句。

[2]A team of scientists led⑨ by Professor⑩ Eli Shlizerman at the University of Washington has now found the answer.They have found out that the monarch is able to tell the time of day.It uses its eyes to measure⑪ the position⑫ of the sun. [3]These two pieces of information — the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky — allow⑬ the butterfly to determine⑭ the way to go.[4]Eventually⑮， it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter.

[2]led ...Washington为过去分词短语作后置定语。

[3]where引导定语从句。

[4]where引导定语从句。

[5]The solution⑯ to the mystery of the monarch's amazing⑰ ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble. Its population⑱ has crashed⑲ by as much as 90 per cent⑳ in the last few years.Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.In many of the places where the butterfly can be found, people are destroying the natural environment.[6]They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat.

[5]when引导定语从句。

[6]两个that都引导定语从句，先行词分别为chemicals和plants。第一个that在从句中作主语，第二个that在从句中作宾语。

The research on the monarch's behaviourhas however led to a greater awareness of this creature.People have been working together to record its migration and make sure that there are enough plants for it to feed on.If this works，there may come a time when the number of monarch butterflies increases once again.[7]The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come.

[7]the more ...，the greater ...为“the＋比较级……， the＋比较级……”结构。

①from one place to another 从一个地方到另一个地方

②annual adj. 一年一度的，每年的

③migration n． 迁徙

migrate v． 移栖，迁徙

④seek v． 寻找，寻求

⑤in search of  寻找

⑥insect n． 昆虫

⑦somehow adv.用 某种方法；不知怎么地

⑧manage v．  完成(困难的事)；勉力完成 manage to do sth.设法做成某事

⑨lead (led，led，leading) v．掌管；领导；率领；过(某种生活)

lead to ... 导致……

⑩professor n． 教授

⑪measure v． 量，测量

⑫position n． 位置

⑬allow v． 允许

allow sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事

allow doing sth. 允许做某事

⑭determine v． 测定，确定

⑮eventually adv. 终于，最终

⑯solution n． 解决，解决方法

a solution to  ... ……的解决方法

⑰amazing adj. 惊人的，了不起的

⑱population n． 数量；人口

⑲crash v． 暴跌

⑳per cent n． 百分比

destroy v． 破坏，毁掉

cut down 砍倒；减少

chemical n． 化学品

behaviour n． 行为；举止

behave v． 表现；表现得体

behave oneself  表现良好；行为良好

awareness n． 认识；意识

creature n． 生物，动物

feed on  以……为食

survive v． 活下来，幸存

[参考译文]

黑脉金斑蝶的旅程

许多动物都会在每年的特定时间从一处迁移到另一处。这种一年一度的行为叫作“迁徙”。动物为了觅食、寻找配偶或温暖的环境而迁徙。自然界最为壮观的迁徙之一就是北美洲黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙。

每年秋天，数百万只这种翅膀橙黑相间的美丽昆虫都会开启漫长且艰辛的旅程。它们总是能够完成约4,000千米的南行旅程，成功到达(美国)加利福尼亚州或墨西哥。然而，直到最近人们才明白它们是如何做到的。

一支由伊莱·史莱泽曼教授领导的来自华盛顿大学的科学家团队现已找到了答案。他们发现，黑脉金斑蝶可以判断时间，并能用眼睛测量太阳的位置。这两条信息——一天中的时刻和太阳在天空中的位置——让黑脉金斑蝶能够判定前进的方向，最终成功抵达过冬的地点。

黑脉金斑蝶这一惊人能力的奥秘被揭开时，这一生物正处于水深火热的生存状态中。其数量在近年内减少了百分之九十之多。不幸的是，人类活动是造成其数量下降的主要原因。在黑脉金斑蝶生存的许多地方，人们正破坏着那里的自然环境。他们砍伐树木，他们所用的化学制剂杀死了黑脉金斑蝶幼虫食用的植物。

不过，对黑脉金斑蝶行为的研究也使得人们对这种生物有了更多的了解。人们已经在共同努力，记录它的迁徙，并确保它有足够的食物。如果这些努力产生效果，黑脉金斑蝶的数量在未来有可能再次回升。我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它在自然界中得以长久生存并保持其位置的可能性就越大。

Step One：Pre­reading

1．Complete the following background information.

Animal migration refers to the annual movement of a species from one place to another in response to seasonal changes to the environment, which often covers great distances.Migration happens in all parts of the animal kingdom, from fish and insects to birds, reptiles (爬行动物) and mammals (哺乳动物)．

2．Tick the animals that migrate.

□monarch butterfly　　　　 □Atlantic salmon

□Siberian crane   □red panda

□killer whale   □African lion

(Answers may vary.)

Step Two：While­reading

Ⅰ.Read for the main idea

　What's the main idea of the text?

A．How to protect monarchs by knowing about their migration.

B．How to understand monarchs' migration.

C．How the scientists do the research about monarchs.

D．How the monarchs migrate every autumn.

答案：A

Ⅱ.Read for details

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.

1．Which is not the possible purpose of migration?

A．To find something to eat.

B．To look for a partner.

C．To search for warmer places.

D．To experience travel.

2．What do we know about the monarch butterflies?

A．They could travel 4,000 kilometers in one month.

B．Schlizerman found they spend the winter at home.

C．They all know the solution to the serious trouble.

D．They have beautiful appearance and amazing abilities.

3．How did some behaviours influence the monarch butterflies?

A．People cut down many trees and use pest­killer.

B．The caterpillars eat too many monarchs.

C．The butterflies' amazing ability causes themselves trouble.

D．People are aware of the serious trouble monarch met.

4．How can we help the monarch butterflies?

A．Cutting down more trees and using chemicals.

B．Working as volunteers to ensure their food.

C．Knowing more beautiful animals and plants.

D．Keeping their place in our mind for a long time.

答案：1～4　DDAB

Step Three：Post­reading

阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

At certain times of the year，we can see many animals move from one place to another.This movement 1.is called  (call) migration.They migrate 2.to find (find) food, seek a partner or in search of warmer weather.Every autumn, millions of beautiful monarch butterflies begin the journey.They manage to travel a long distance to the places 3.where  they will spend the winter.Scientists find the monarch is able to tell 4.the  time of day.It uses 5.its (it) eyes to measure the position of the sun.But the population of them 6.has crashed (crash) in the last few years.Because in many places where the butterfly can be found, people cut down trees and use 7.chemicals (chemical)  that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars feed 8.on.The research on the monarch's behaviour has led to a greater 9.awareness (aware) of this creature.The more we know about them, the 10.greater (great) the chance they will survive.

Ⅰ.重点单词

1．an international charity  一家国际性慈善组织

2．an annual  event  一件年度大事

3．seek jobs  找工作

4．the best position  最好的位置

5．get a job eventually  最终找到一份工作

6．reduce the amount of chemicals  减少化学用品量

7．destroy his confidence  击垮他的信心

8．the largest creature  最大的动物

9．the effect of heat on metal  热对金属产生的效应

10．measure your heart rate  测量你的心率

11．He was determined to become a straight­A student, which was a determining factor to be admitted into Peking University.(determine)

12．Attempts are being made to solve the problem of waste disposal, but there's no simple solution.(solve)

13．To his amazement, we were not amazed at his amazing achievements.(amaze)

14．He was the only survivor in that bad accident，and after the survival, he has been living a happy and healthy life.(survive)

[掌握规律　巧记单词]

1．amaze v．使惊奇，使惊讶＋­ing→amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的

surprising adj.令人惊讶的

interesting adj.有趣的

frightening adj.令人恐惧的

amusing adj.有趣的，好笑的

2．survive v．活下来，幸存＋­al→survival n．幸存，活下来

arrival n．到达，到来　　　revival n．复兴，复活

approval n．赞同，批准    removal n．去除

Ⅱ.重点短语

1．Thousands were forced to migrate from rural to urban areas in search of (寻找) work.

2．Some women do manage to (设法处理) achieve business success against all difficulties.

3．We must find a satisfactory solution to (……的解决方法) the problem.

4．Make sure (确保) the electricity is switched off before you leave on holiday.

5．He cut down (砍伐) the tree and cut it up for firewood.

6．Lack of exercise can lead to (导致) feelings of depression and exhaustion.

7．Snails feed on (以……为食) fresh leaves and kill the plants.

Ⅲ.典型句式

1．[教材原句]　One of the most wonderful migrations in nature is that of the North American monarch butterfly.

[句式分析]　that指代前面的可数名词。

[佳句仿写]　郊区的房租要比市中心的低很多。

The rent of the suburbs is much lower than that of the downtown.

2．[教材原句]　Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.

[句式分析]　why引导定语从句。

[佳句仿写]　我没有告诉她结果是怕她伤心。

The reason why I didn't tell her the result was that it would make her feel sad.

3．[教材原句]　The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive ...

[句式分析]　the＋比较级， the＋比较级。

[佳句仿写]　你越小心，你犯的错就会越少。

The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.

1．measure v．量，测量；(长度，数量)量度为；衡量 n．措施，方法(常用复数)

(教材P50) It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun.

它用眼睛测量太阳的位置。

(经典佳句)They measured the length of the garden.

他们测量了花园的长度。

[练透]　一词多义

①It was Cao Chong who thought of a measure of measuring the weight of the elephant.

方法测量

②It's generally acknowledged that education shouldn't be measured only by examination results.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              衡量

③The hall measures 200 metres long and 100 metres wide.      量度为

单句语法填空

④The new bridge under construction, measuring (measure) twice as long as the old one, is due to be completed next month.

补全句子

⑤史密斯先生要求裁缝照他的尺寸做些新衣服。

Mr Smith asked the tailor to make some new clothes to his own measure.

[写美]　翻译句子

⑥我们应该立即采取措施保护环境。

We should take measures to protect the environment  at once.

[名师点津]　(1)measure表示 “措施” 之意时， 常用其复数形式measures。

(2)measure表示 “量； 有……长 (宽、高等)” 时， 是不及物动词， 后跟量的结果， 不用被动语态及进行时态；作定语时， 要用现在分词。

[巧学助记]　Much to her sadness, Selina has to wear the coats made to her own measure because she's getting fatter nowadays.Although she knows beauty shouldn't be measured by a good shape, it's time for her to take measures to lose weight.

令Selina非常伤心的是，她不得不穿按她自己的尺寸做的外套，因为她最近胖了。尽管她知道美不能用好身材来衡量，但是时候她该采取措施减肥了。

2．position n．位置；职位；处境，状况

(经典佳句)I can tell the time from the position of the sun.

我可以从太阳的位置知道时间。

[练透]　一词多义

①From his position on the cliff top, he had a good view of the harbour.                                          位置

②This put him and his colleagues in a difficult position.                                处境

③I should like to apply for the position of sales director.                                             职位

单句语法填空

④The two teams are in position，ready to face off.

⑤Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills.

[写美]　补全句子

⑥确保你在一个舒适的位置工作。

Make sure that you are working in a comfortable position.

[名师点津]　position, point, case, stage, situation 等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where引导。

3．determine v．测定，确定

(教材P50) These two pieces of information — the time of day and the point where the sun is in the sky — allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.

这两条信息——一天中的时刻和太阳在天空中的位置——让黑脉金斑蝶能够判定前进的方向。

(经典佳句)He has determined to work as a volunteer teacher in the countryside after graduation.

他已经决定毕业后到农村支教。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①Paul was fond of Chinese culture, so he determined to settle (settle) in China.

②His determined (determine) look suggested that he wouldn't change his mind.

③It takes hard work and determination (determine) to reach the goals that we want to achieve.

④The teacher's encouraging words determined him to study  (study) harder.

[写美]　补全句子

⑤凭着她的天赋和决心，爱丽丝·摩尔似乎可以将天空作为自己的挑战极限。

With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.

[巧学助记]　The young man left school early and determined to do something great.The very determined man met with different challenges.With great courage and firm determination, he failed again and again only because of lack of necessary knowledge and skills.The failure determined him to return to school.

这个年轻人很早就辍学了，决心要做一番大事业。意志坚决的他屡屡碰壁。尽管有极大的勇气和坚定的意志，但是仅仅由于缺乏必备的知识和技能，他一次又一次地失败。失败使他下决心重返校园。

4．amazing adj.惊人的，了不起的

(经典佳句)(2020·浙江高考)Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous.

给北极熊拍照很神奇，但也很危险。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①We invite you to join us on an amazing (amaze) journey of language learning.

②Little Tom sat  there watching the monkey dancing in front of him, amazed (amaze)．

③We were amazed to find (find) that no one was hurt.

[写美]　补全句子

④令我非常吃惊的是，他的英语在老师的帮助下飞速进步。

Much to my amazement, he has made rapid progress in English with the help of his teacher.

[名师点津]　amazing指“令人吃惊的”，强调某人/某事物给他人的感受；而amazed表示本身的感觉，并不强调对他人的影响，多指“(人)感到吃惊的”。

5．survive v．活下来，幸存

(教材P51) The more we know about this lovely creature，the greater the chance it will survive ...

我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它生存的机会就越大……

(经典佳句)These plants cannot survive in very cold conditions.

这些植物无法在非常寒冷的条件下生存。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①It's reported that their chances of survival(survive) were small in this air disaster.

②Workers built shelters for survivors (survive) after the earthquake.

③Some interesting customs have survived from ancient times.

④I wonder how they can survive on such poor income.

[写美]　补全句子

⑤事实上，她比她丈夫多活了五年。

As a matter of fact, she survived her husband by five years.

[名师点津]　survive作“幸存；幸免于难”讲时为及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，不用介词加in或from。

6．effect n．影响，结果

(教材P52) Then use the sentences to complete the “cause­effect” flow charts.

然后用句子来完成“因果”流程图。

(经典佳句)Humor can have an effect on everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal life.

幽默会对你在学校、工作或个人生活中所做的一切产生影响。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①Many new measures have been put into effect for health protection.

②It's an extremely effective (effect) cure for a headache.

③The tablets work more effectively (effective) if you take a hot drink after them.

④Good books have had an effect on me since my childhood.

[写美]　补全句子

⑤新的交通规则开始实施了。现在，它开始起作用了。

The new traffic rules came into effect.Now，it is beginning to take effect.

7．cut down 砍倒；缩减；降价

(教材P51) They cut down trees and use chemicals that kill the plants that monarch caterpillars eat.

他们砍伐树木，他们所用的化学制剂杀死了黑脉金斑蝶幼虫食用的植物。

(经典佳句) For every tree cut down,  three or four new ones are planted.

每砍倒一棵树就要种上三四棵树。

[练透]　一词多义

①Many trees have been cut down in the past 20 years in my hometown.                             砍伐

②My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has cut down.                            缩减

单句语法填空

③His mother has to cut up all the food for him when he was young.

④Cut out this article and show it to your bank manager.

[写美]　补全句子

⑤它防止那些与社会隔绝的人成为骗子的牺牲品。

(2020·7月天津高考)It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.

[句型公式]　the＋比较级……， the＋比较级……

(教材P51) The more we know about this lovely creature, the greater the chance it will survive ...

我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它生存的机会就越大……

(经典佳句)The more you practise, the better you will speak English.

你练习得越多，你的英语就会讲得越好。

[练透]　单句语法填空

①The harder (hard) you study，the more progress you'll make.

②The more difficult (difficult) the questions are, the less likely he is to answer them.

③It becomes warmer (warm) and warmer when spring comes.

[写美]　补全句子

④离地面越高，空气就变得越稀薄。

The higher the ground is, the thinner the air becomes.

维度一　品句填词

1．An anonymous businesswoman donated one million dollars to the charity.

2．They sought (寻求) advice on how to project a more positive image of their company.

3．Modern farming methods can have an negative effect (影响) on the environment.

4．The manager will have an interview with those who want to get the position (职位)．

5．Share prices crashed (暴跌) to an all­time low yesterday.

6．The government has promised to reduce the amount of chemicals (化学品) used in food production.

7．It's cruel to kill beautiful and intelligent creatures like elephants.

8．Robert Dunn is a professor (教授) at George Washington University.

9．The blue whale (鲸) is the largest living thing on the planet.

10．We measured (测量)  the difference in temperature.

维度二　词形转换

1．It was amazing (amaze) that the boy was able to solve the problem so quickly.

2．Many people are very concerned about the destruction (destroy) of the rainforests.

3．His only chance of survival (survive) is a heart transplant.

4．Eventually (eventual) your child will leave home to lead her own life as a fully independent adult.

5．Swallows begin their migration (migrate) south in autumn every year.

6．He fought the illness with courage and determination (determine)．

7．The company is still seeking a solution (solve) to its financial problems.

8．The hospital spends $1.1 million annually (annual) for its computer operations.

维度三　固定搭配和句式

1．She went to Hollywood in search of (寻找) fame and fortune.

2．Many laws have been passed to prohibit cutting down (砍伐) the trees.

3．It is a disturbing problem that many chemicals can lead to(导致) cancer.

4．As we all know, pandas feed on (以……为食) bamboos.

5．It may take a long time to find a solution to (……的方法) the problem.

6．The earlier (越早) you start, the sooner (越快) you'll be back.