译林版英语八年级上册Unit3知识点同步梳理练习题

牛津译林版8AUnit3知识点同步梳理

8AU3

知识点一 Comic strip-- Reading知识点梳理

1. --- What are you going to do，Eddie?埃迪，你要去干什么？

        --- I'm going to exercise，Hobo.霍波，我打算去锻炼。

“be going to十动词原形”表示“计划／打算／将要做某事”，强调事先考虑好或安排好的事情。

如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你打算干什么？

[拓展]“will+动词原形”也表示“将要做某事”，一般可以和“be going to+动词原形”通用，但“will+动词原形”强调事先未经考虑或安排，不以主观意志为转移的事情。

如：He will be twenty years old next year.他明年就20岁了。

2：You need to exercise and keep fit.(P30)你需要锻炼并保持健康。

（1）need

vt.需要

need to do sth. 需要做某事

need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事

如：

She needs to clean the bedroom.

She needs her best friend to help her with her studies.

n. 需要

in need 需要；   in need of 需要…

如：

We should help people in need.

John is in need of money now.

（2）keep

linking-v.保持，相当于stay，后加形容词构成系表结构。

如: The food must keep fresh in summer.

[拓展] 类似用法的感官系动词还有：feel; look; smell; taste; sound等。

如：The dishes smell good.

vt.保持；保留

keep doing sth. 继续做某事   

keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事 

Keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事

keep away from 远离…

keep off…不靠近…

如：

She keeping working hard to make more money.

I’m sorry to keep you waiting for me.

We should keep away from danger all the time.

Please keep off the grass in the park.

(3)fit

adj.健康的；合适的

be fit for适合…

be fit for sb. to do sth.适合某人做某事

如：

Keeping fit is always important.

She is fit for the position.

vt.fit sb 适合某人

The coat fits you well.

3：Come on，Hobo. Let's enjoy ourselves! （P30）快点，霍波。咱们玩得高兴点儿吧！

come on

常用于口语中，表示动员、催促、激励、劝说别人做某事，意思是“快点；赶快；加油”等。

如：Come on! The bus is coming.

    Come on! Come on! You can win!

enjoy oneself

意思是“玩得高兴，过得愉快”，相当于have a good/great/nice time或have fun。它们后面都可以跟

现在分词短语，表示“做某事玩得高兴，做某事过得愉快”。

如：We often enjoy ourselves swimming in the river in summer.

  = We often have a good/great/nice time swimming in the river in summer.

  = We often have fun swimming in the river in summer.

4：The bridge is made of steel, isn’t it?(P31)

be made of...由……制成

如：The table is made of wood.

[拓展1] be made of 与be made from的区别：

be made of可看成是一种含“物理变化”的制作，即保存原质只是形状变化的制作；

be made from则可看成是一种包含“化学变化”的制作，即有某种质变的制作。

如：The wine is made from grapes.

[拓展2] 

be made in表示“在……（地方）制造／生产”，后跟名词地点。

如：This kind of computer is made in Shanghai.

be made for表示“为……而制造／制作／生产”，后跟产品供给的对象。

如：These bags are made for children.

be made into表示“某种原材料制成某种产品”，主语是表示原材料的词，后面跟产品名称，与be made

of/from意思相反。

如：Glass can be made into bottles.



5：We finally arrived at the park.(P32)最后我们到达了公园。

辨析：reach，get与arrive三者都可以表示“到达”。

①arrive是不及物动词，后跟地点名词时常与介词in或at连用。表示到达国家、大城市时，要用介

词in；到达村、镇、车站、机场等小地方的时候，要用介词at.

如：We can arrive at the train station at two o’clock.

  I fell in love with the city as soon as I arrived in Dalian.

② get是不及物动词，其后须接介词to，多用于口语中。若接地点副词，则不用介词to。

如：Write to me when you get to Chongqing.

get和arrive有时可以换用，arrive和get后接地点副词如here，there 或home等时均不需带介词。如：They can arrive/get there tomorrow．我们明天就能到那儿。

③ reach是及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，一般不接地点副词。

如：He reached Shanghai last month．

6：All of us couldn’t wait to get off the bus.(P32) 我们所有人都迫不及待地要下车。

couldn’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事

如：We couldn’t wait to see you.

wait for sb/ sth. 等候某人或某物

如：I wait for you for a long time.

get off下车，get on上车，（尤其指公交车、火车、汽车或飞机等）

如：Don’t get off before the bus stops.

get out of... 从...中出来，从...中下车；get into 进入...，上...车（尤其指小轿车或出租车）

如：He got into the car after me.

7：Soon the whole world was there in front of us.(P32)不久整个世界就在我们的眼前。

in front of...在……前面

如：There is a tree in front of the classroom.

[拓展]in front of与in the front of 的区别：

in front of 指“在……（范围外）的前面”；in the front of指“在……（范围内）的前面”。

如：

A crowd gathered in front of the building.

He sat in the front of the car.

8：There are models of more than a hundred places of interest from all over the world.(P32)有来自全世界100多个名胜古迹的模型。

places of interest名胜

a place of interest 一处名胜

如：The Summer Palace is a place of interest.

辨析：interest ,interesting与interested

interest也可以作名词用，指笼统兴趣时，为不可数名词，指具体兴趣爱好时为可数名词。

如：She has (takes或shows) much interest in music and dance.

 (= She is very interested in music and dance.)

interested通常指人感兴趣，interesting通常指人或事物“令人感兴趣”。

如：I found him greatly interested in poems．

be interested in对……感兴趣，be可换成become。become interested in…表示“对……产生兴趣”, 也可以用grow, get等词代替become，

如：She grows more and more interested in computer.

英语中与上面讲到的用法相近的词还有

exciting→excited（激动）; amazing→amazed（惊奇）; surprising→surprised（奇怪）;

pleasing→pleased（高兴）; amusing→amused（有趣）;frightening→frightened（可怕）
 

9： It was an amazing day because we saw the main sights of the world in just one day.(P32)这是令人惊奇的一天，因为我们在一天内看完了世界的重要景观。

amazing形容词，意力“令人惊奇的”。

辨析：amaze，amazing，amazed和be amazed at

动词amaze表示“使（某人）感到惊奇或惊异”，含有对事物惊叹或赞叹的意味，因此，要比surprise的含义丰富，主要用于兴奋、愉快等积极意义。而surprise指使人感到奇怪，有出乎意料和怀疑的感觉。

amazing指物，amazed指人

如：We are amazed at the amazing news.

be amazed at（或by）…表示“（人）对某事物感到惊奇”，与be surprised at（或by）的区别与上面相同。

如：She amazed us by playing the piano so well.

She surprised us by playing the piano so well /badly.

We were amazed at(或by) his progress / changes this term.

in one day 在一天内或在一天后

如：My bother will be back in two days.

【例题精讲】

例1. Help         to some fruit,children.

A.you　　 　　　　B.me　　　　　　C.yourself　　　　　D.yourselves

解析：考查help oneself to的用法，意为随便吃点…

答案：D

例2.This is a           story. It's about a           person who loved dogs.

A. true; real　      B. real; true 

C. true; really　     D. truly; real

解析：考查real与true的用法区别，根据句意应选择A。

答案：A

例3. Does he enjoy__________pop music?

A．listens to        B. listen          C.listening          D. listening to

解析：他喜欢听流行音乐吗？在enjoy的后面只能接名词、代词等作宾语，当宾语是个动词短语时，应使用动词的-ing形式。listen是不及物动词，后接宾语时，应使用介词to。故选D项。

答案：D 

例4.—Your coat looks nice. Is it          cotton?

—Yes. It's         Shanghai.

A. made of; made by     B. made of; made in

C. made for; made by     D. made for; made in

解析：考查be made of 看得见原材料，上海生产用in。

答案：B

例5. ---Could you_______club?

---Sure．

A.join             B.join in           C.attend           D.take part in

解析：本题考查表示“参加”意义的动词的用法。A项指参加某个组织或团体；B、D

两项指参加某种活动；C项常指参加会议、讲座等。根据本题语境知A为正确答案。

答案：A

例6.  --- How was the party last night?

      --- We enjoyed ________ very much.

      A. us             B. itself          C. ourselves         D. myself

解析：考查enjoy oneself的用法，由于主语是we，故用复数。

答案：C

例7. The granny lives in a_______ village.

  A.farther           B.faraway        C.further            D.far away

解析：这个老太太住在一个遥远的村子。本题选项中A、C两项都是far的

比较级，本题中没有比较的意思，故不选；D项中的far away是副词，在句中作状语，也不能用在本句中；B项中的faraway是形容词，常作定语。故B为正确答案。

答案：B

例8. The foreigners arrived          Shanghai          late night.

A. at; at    B. in; at    C. in; in    D. at; in

解析：考查arrive at或in的结构，at加小地点，in加大地点。

答案：B

例9. I want to sit ______ the bus.

A．in front of     B．on front of    C．at back of    D．at the front of

解析：句意：我想坐在公共汽车的前面。这里的“前面”指的是汽车里面的前部，故空格中应使用in/at the of。注意：A项意为“在。。。的前面”，指的是外部的前面；B项的结构是错误的。

答案：D

例10. Mr Brown always makes his class _______ and keeps his students_______ in class.

A．alive；interesting                  B．lively；interesting

C．alive；interested                   D．lively；interested

解析：句意：布朗先生总是使他程生动，使学生们保持对课的兴趣。笫一个空格中的形容词说明他的课很生动，故使用lively；第二个空格中的形容词说明学生对课程感兴趣，故使用-ed形容词，因此选D

答案：D

知识点二 Grammar同步梳理

1： as…as…与…一样，此结构中第一个as后加形容词或副词原形，第二个as后接比较的对象。

原级的用法

1）as + 原级 + as            表示两者在某方面程度一样  

not so (as) + 原级 + as     表示两者在某方面程度不一样

如：Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu.

This building looks not so (as) high as that one.

2）在as … as 的结构中，第一个as的前面可以加上表示倍数的词： twice , ( three ) times 等。

如： Asia is four times as large as Europe.

     M is twice as large as N.   

3）the same ＋名词＋as表示同等比较

如：A is the same size as B.  A 的尺码与B一样。

A and B are of the same size.  A和B尺码一样。

2： reflexive pronouns反身代词

（1）英语中用来表示“我自己”“你自己”“他自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词。其形式见下表：

（2）反身代词可作宾语、表语或同位语。

He teaches himself English. (作宾语)

He is not quite well himself. (作表语)

I myself went there. (作同位语)

（3）与反身代词有关的短语。

teach oneself  自学                       enjoy oneself 过得愉快

help oneself   随便吃                     by oneself 独自，单独

注意： 单数反身代词词尾都是“self”，复数反身代词词尾都是“selves”。

【例题精讲】

例1.The silk scarf is made in Suzhou. It feels just as       as it looks.

A. beautiful       B. beautiful        C. good             D. well

解析：这两句都是考查as…as….结构，由于feel和look是系动词，故后用形容词。而这个形容词必须与feel和look搭配，故选C。

答案：C

例2. -Is this model plane yours, Susan?

    -Yes，it's mine．It's made by_______.

  A．myself     B．yourself       C．himself    D．herself

 解析：根据语境知本题最后一个句子的意思为“它是我自己制作的”。故选A项。

 答案：A

例3.- Kate, I’m going on business. Please look after ________ well.

  - Don’t worry, Mom, I will.

A. herself         B. myself        C. yourself    D. yourselves

解析：此处句意“我要去出差了，请照顾你自己”。因此空格中填反身代词yourself。

答案：C

知识点三 Task知识同步梳理

【知识梳理】

1：Sunshine Middle School gets to the final! (P37)阳光中学进去了决赛。

(1)final n.决赛，最终； adj.最终的，最后的   adv. 最终地，最后地

如：It is the final of the match.

    Finally, he gave up smoking.

    finally=at last=in the end最后

    firstly=at first=in the beginning最初

2：The match takes place on... (P37)比赛举行在

take place 举行；发生；相当于happen和hold

如：The competition will take place in Beijing next month.

take off 脱下，起飞；反义短语为 put on(穿上)； land（着陆）

如：The plane takes off at 4 p.m.

3：Don’t forget to bring your friends.(P37)不要忘记带朋友过来。

(1)forget v.忘记  forget to do sth. 忘记做某事；forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事

remember v. 记得  remember to do sth. 记得做某事；remember doing sth. 记得做过某事

如：I forgot to close the window when I went out.

    I remember seeing him before.

(2)bring v. 带来 bring sb. sth.=bring sth. to sb.把某物带给某人

take v. 带去 take sth with sb 随身携带某物

如：Bring your homework to school tomorrow.

    Lily, take the umbrella with you.

4：With your support, we will win.(P37)有了你的支持，我们就会赢。

(1)with是介词，不能做谓语动词,表示“拥有”；其反义词是without,表示 “没有”。

如：We can finish the work on time without your help.

(2)win v.赢   winner n. 赢家

如：He won the game at last.

    He is the winner of the exam.

5：cost of the trip (P37)旅行的费用

（1）cost n. 费用

如：The cost of the coat is 2,000 yuan.

v. 花费

辨析：cost，spend，pay与take

①cost作“花费；值”讲时，只能用事物作主语，常用于”sth. cost (s)( sb). some money.”或“sth. costs some money.”的结构。如：

The book costs me ten yuan.

This pen costs eight yuan.

②spend作“花费”讲时，主语必须是人，常用于“sb. spends some time／money on sth.”或“sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth.”的结构，它的过去式是spent。如：

They spent $1，000 on the computer.

She spent three days (in) reading this novel.

③pay作“支付；付款”讲时，主语是人，常用于以下结构：

A. pay (sb.) money for sth.付钱（给某人）买某物。如：

I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.

B. pay for sth.付某物的钱；pay for sb.替某人付钱。如：

I have to pay for the lost book.

C. pay sb.付钱给某人。如：

They pay us every month.

④take在句中表示“花费时间”，常用于“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”的结构，其过去式是took。

take的主语也可以是某种活动，后面接宾语或双宾语。如：

It takes me about ten minutes to walk to school every morning.

The journey took me two months.

(2)trip n. 旅行； 常用于短语go on a trip to some place

如：He went on a trip to Beijing last yer.

6：Half-time is a 20-minute period for the players to rest.(P38)中场休息时供运动员休息的20分钟。

20-minute意为20分钟的，相当于形容词，同20 minutes’用法一样。

如：This is an eight-meter bookcase.

7：The suffixes –ful and –less(P39)-ful和-less的后缀

一般来说 ful 在后缀变换名词为形容词是加‘的’的意思；而加上 less表示的是其反义词性的意思。如： careful  小心的   careless 粗心的
     helpful  有帮助的 helpless  无助的 无能力的

useful   有用的   useless  无用的

但不是所有的名词加上less都是表示反义的意思，有可能是其他意义；也不是所有的ful都有反义的less。
 

【例题精讲】

例1：Students in our class usually _________ home at 5: 30.

  A. get to            B. reach to           C. arrive at        D. arrive

解析：本题考查动词的用法。句意：我们班的学生通常在五点半钟到家。句中

的home是副词，故在空格中应填不及物动词。get to后应接名词，但get后可以直接接

副词home；reach是及物动词，其后直接接名词或代词作宾语；arrive是不及物动词，后面可以直接接副词，接名词时，需在arrive的后面加介词in或at。因此D为正确答案。

答案： D

例2：The White House is a beautiful building             a big garden and many trees.

    A.have              B.has           C.with       D.there is

解析：本题考查三个“有”的用法。Have表示拥有；there be表示…地方存在…；with表示伴随，可以与前两个同时存在，做介词短语与谓语可同时存在。

答案： C

例3：They became very             when they saw the Eiffel Tower.

   A.exciting           B.excite         C.excited        D.A and C

解析：exciting指物，意为令…兴奋；excited指人，意为感到兴奋。由于主语时人，故选C.

答案： C

例4：How about ________the dancing?

    A.joining            B.joining in C.taking part D.taking in

解析：how about 后接动名词，join意为加入团体或组织；join in加入活动；由于dancing是活动，故选B.

答案： B

例5：Millie thinks more of others than of           , so everyone likes to make friends with her.

  A.herself           B.hers              C. she             D. her

解析：考查反身代词的用法，根据句意：米莉总是为他人考虑的多，为自己考虑的少。

答案： A

例6：---Shall we go fishing?

---            .

A. No, I can’t       B. Yes, we can      C. Yes, we shall            D. Good idea

解析：考查情景交际。根据句意为建议性的问句，回答应为D。

答案： D

例7：His sister often goes to work           .

     A.drive her bus      B.ride her bicycle   C.drive a bike               D.by bicycle

解析：考查交通的表达方式。由于句中有主语，故不能在出现谓语动词，但可选择介词短语作为方式。故选D.

答案： D

例8：Do you like travelling from one city to          ?

   A. other          B.the other        C.others        D.another

解析：考查固定搭配from one place to another，意为从一个地方到另一个地方。

答案： D

例9：Mr Liu asked her to answer the question but ________it down.

     A.don't to write   B.didn't to write    C.not to write    D.to not write

解析：考查短语ask sb to do sth的结构，本句意为李老师让她回答问题不是写下来。

答案： C

例10：How________sheep are there over there?

     A.much        B.many           C.good             D.interesting

解析：sheep是单复数同形的词，根据谓语动词是复数，故选择B.

答案： B