2021届高考核心考点十分钟基础题速练：　语法填空＋阅读理解＋书面表达

这是一份2021届高考核心考点十分钟基础题速练：　语法填空＋阅读理解＋书面表达，共4页。试卷主要包含了校庆活动介绍；3等内容，欢迎下载使用。
班级:
Ⅰ.语法填空
Every year n the last weekend in August arund 1.5 millin peple g t west Lndn t take part in and enjy ne f the __1__ (large) street parties in Eurpe, Ntting Hill Carnival. __2__ a clrful grup f dancers, a wide range f music and __3__ atmsphere f fun and celebratin，the carnival is nt t be missed. The rts f the carnival date back t 1833 __4__ slavery was ablished. In that year the frmer slaves in Trinidad, a British clny in the Caribbean, tk t the streets in celebratin f their wn carnival party with music, dance and cstumes. Sn it __5__ (develp) int an imprtant traditin thrughut the Caribbean. In 1959 the first carnival tk place in the St Pancras area f Lndn. Fr the next few years, the Carnival __6__ (celebrate) in different parts f Lndn until it __7__ (final) came t Ntting Hill in 1964. In 2003 the Ntting Hill Carnival received ryal __8__ (apprve)，when it jined the parade __9__ (mark) the Queen's 50th year n the thrne (王位). The Carnival shws the __10__ (culture) diversity f mdern Lndn.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Oil is essential fr mdern life. Abut 64 percent f the wrld's il is lcated in the Middle East, but the heaviest cnsumers f il are Eurpe, America, and Japan. The prblem lies in getting the il frm the cuntries that prduce it t the cuntries that cnsume it. This is mainly dne using il tankers. Usually the il is shipped safely and with n prblems, but ccasinally there is a disaster.
Every year millins f tns f il are spilled int the cean. Althugh this is nly a small percentage f the ttal amunt shipped arund the wrld each year, this spilled il can have terrible effects n cean life, including the castlines where the il washes up nt shre.
One f the wrst il spills in histry ccurred alng the Alaskan castline in 1989, when the Exxn Valdez tanker ran agrund ff the cast f Alaska, spilling 42 millin liters f il. Althugh it wasn't the largest il spill, the disaster was terrible because it ccurred in such a sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tanker's captain, wh was tired frm verwrk and drinking alchl, had gne t take a rest. He gave cntrl f the ship t anther sailr, wh was unfamiliar with the rute. The ship ran nt Bligh Reef. Damaged by the reef, the ship leaked il ut int the cean. Mre than 1,600 kilmeters f castline were affected by the il spill. Many birds and tters died as a result f the il cvering their skin, and many ther sea creatures and the animals that fed n them were als severely affected.
1．Which cuntry is NOT amng the largest cnsumers f il?
A．Japan. B．Iraq. C．America. D．Germany.
2．What des the underlined “them” refer t?
A．The birds. B．The tters.
C．The sea creatures. D．The birds and the tters.
3．Which f the fllwing statement is true? ________
A．The il leak f Alaska is because the captain was unfamiliar with the rute.
B．Many birds and tters died frm eating the spilled il.
C．Alaska spill was the mst serius spill f all time.
D．Althugh sme il leak is nt serius, it will affect cean life.
B
“They tell me that yu'd like t make a statue (塑像) f me—is that crrect, Miss Vinnie Ream？”
The deep, gentle vice helped calm the nervus girl. Asking a favr f the President f the United States was n casual matter, especially fr a seventeen­year­ld girl.
“Yes, sir，” she replied, her dark eyes meeting his. “I wuldn't have dared t ask yu, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan t make it in an admirable manner.”
President Lincln smiled. “Painters, sculptrs—they've all tried t make the best f this rdinary face, but I'm afraid there's nt much hpe. What did yu have in mind, Miss Ream? A bust (半身像)？”
Befre Vinnie culd say yes, the President hurried n, a shade f aplgy in his vice. “Of curse—I shuldn't have asked. A full­length pse wuld be much t big a prject fr a yung wman yur size.”
Vinnie's face turned red. She realized she lked like a child, with her tiny figure. “Small des nt mean weak, sir，” she defended herself. “I was brn in the cuntry f Wiscnsin. I've driven teams f hrses and carried water. Making a full­length clay (粘土) figure wuld nt exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend t d！”
The President's eyes, brightened at her shw f spirit. “Srry, madam, I have underestimated yu as I didn't knw yur backgrund.”
But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bny fingers, in thught. “Miss Ream，” he sighed, “I'd like t let yu d it, but as yu knw, we are in the middle f a war. Hw culd I pssibly take the time t pse fr a sculpture nw? I hardly have a minute t myself.”
Vinnie glanced arund and nted the size f his ffice. “I wrk quickly，” she said. Her vice was sft but cnfident as she pinted t the crner near the windws. “If I were t bring my clay here and wrk fr three hurs every afternn, I culd cmplete mst f the prject while yu are at yur desk.”
The President seemed t cnsider her idea seriusly. He gt up and shk Vinnie's hand warmly, “I've heard that yu are a talented yung wman, and I have fund yu charming and intelligent as well. I cannt make my decisin immediately, but yu will hear frm me sn.”
The very next day, Vinnie received an invitatin frm the President.
4．What gave Vinnie cnfidence t make her request f President Lincln?
A．Her aggressive persnality. B．Mr. Mills's encuraging remark.
C．President Lincln's gentle vice. D．Her interest in a challenging jb.
5．Hw did President Lincln first respnd t Vinnie's request?
A．Pleased. B．Thrilled.
C．Regretful. D．Dubtful.
6．Vinnie cnfirmed her ability t make a full­length statue by highlighting ________.
A．her experience frm ther prjects
B．her inncent childhd in the cuntry
C．the heavy labr she had dne befre
D．the skill she picked up in Wiscnsin
7．Vinnie wanted t chse the crner near the windws t ________.
A．achieve effects f natural lighting
B．keep all her tls within easy reach
C．bserve the President at a right angle
D．avid disturbing the President's wrk
8．What message des the stry cnvey?
A．A strng­willed sul can reach his gal.
B．Experience helps t prmte excellence.
C．Ups and dwns make ne strng.
D．Devtin requires enthusiasm.
Ⅲ.书面表达
假定你是李华，已高中毕业20年，今日从报纸上获悉母校将要举行100周年校庆，你将要给你远在美国的高中同桌Peter发一封100词左右的电子邮件，相约一起回母校参加活动，要点如下：
1．问候昔日同桌，回忆同学友情；2.校庆活动介绍；3.捐设奖学金。
参考词汇：百年校庆100th anniversary celebratin; 奖学金schlarship
Dear Peter，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yurs，
Li Hua
参考答案
Ⅰ.语法填空
1．答案与解析：largest 每年8月最后一个周末，大约有150万人去伦敦西部参加并享受欧洲最大的街头派对——诺丁山狂欢节。表示“最大的……”，应用其形容词最高级形式largest。
2．答案与解析：With 表示“随着，和”，介词应用with。此处with介词短语作状语。
3．答案与解析：an 此处表示泛指的一个“有趣和庆祝的氛围”，应用不定冠词修饰atmsphere。由于atmsphere以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an。
4．答案与解析：when 这个狂欢节的根源可以追溯到1833年，那时奴隶制被废除了。when slavery was ablished为一个时间状语从句。根据句意，和从句中的句子成分可知，应用when引导时间状语从句。
5．答案与解析：develped 叙述过去的事情应用一般过去时。结合上下文时态也可知，应填develped。
6．答案与解析：was celebrated 主语the Carnival与celebrate之间存在被动关系，故应用被动语态。结合上题分析，应用一般过去时，故填was celebrated。
7．答案与解析：finally 修饰谓语动词came作状语，应用其副词形式finally。
8．答案与解析：apprval 作received的宾语，且有形容词ryal修饰，故应用其名词形式apprval。
9．答案与解析：marking parade与mark之间存在逻辑上的主动关系，故应用其动词­ing形式。marking作后置定语，修饰parade。
10．答案与解析：cultural 修饰名词diversity作定语，应用其形容词形式cultural。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
1．答案与解析：B 根据第一段中的“Abut 64percent f the wrld's il is lcated in the Middle East, but the heaviest cnsumers f il are Eurpe, America, and Japan”可知，最大的耗油国为欧洲国家、美国和日本。伊拉克不在其列。B项正确。
2．答案与解析：C 根据第三段中的“Many birds and tters died as a result f the il cvering their skin, and many ther sea creatures and the animals that fed n them were als severely affected.”可知，很多以海洋生物为食的动物也都因为油船漏油而受到了影响。C项正确。
3．答案与解析：D 根据第三段可知，阿拉斯加漏油事件是由于船长劳累和喝酒去休息，另一个水手不熟悉路线而造成的。排除A项；许多鸟类不是由于误食了废油而死，而是死于羽毛被油粘住。排除B项；阿拉斯加漏油事件并非史上最严重的，排除C项。D项正确。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。主题语境为人与社会。主题语境内容为有志者事竟成。文章介绍了一个十七岁的少女Vinnie想为林肯总统塑造一个雕像，她用她的自信和周全一步步打消了总统的疑虑，最终获得了总统的许可。本文旨在培养学生坚韧的思想品质。
4．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。本题题干意为：是什么给了Vinnie向林肯总统提出请求的信心？根据文章第三段Vinnie的回答“I wuldn't have dared t ask yu, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan t make it in an admirable manner.”可知B项(Mills老师鼓励的话语)正确。A：她的好强的性格；C：林肯总统温柔的声音；D：她对有挑战性的工作的兴趣。
5．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。本题题干意为：林肯总统对Vinnie的请求的最初反应是什么？根据文章第四段林肯的回答“Painters, sculptrs—they've all tried t make the best f this rdinary face, but I'm afraid there's nt much hpe.”以及第五段中“Of curse—I shuldn't have asked. A full­length pse wuld be much t big a prject fr a yung wman yur size.”可知林肯的话里充满了疑问，认为对这么小的女孩子来说这个工程太大。故答案为D项(怀疑的)。A：高兴的；B：狂喜的；C：后悔的。
6．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。本题题干意为：Vinnie通过强调________证明了她能做全身雕塑的能力。根据文章第六段Vinnie的回答中“I've driven teams f hrses and carried water. Making a full­length clay figure wuld nt exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend t d！”可知，女孩子曾经做过体力活，她有自信能做好雕像。故C项(她以前做过的体力活)正确。A：她的来自其他项目的经验；B：她在乡村纯真的童年；D：她在Wiscnsin学到的技巧。
7．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。本题题干意为：Vinnie想选择靠近窗户的角落来________。根据文章倒数第三段可以推断出，Vinnie工作时坐在角落里是为了不影响林肯工作，故答案为D项(避免打扰总统的工作)。A：获得自然光效果；B：使她所有的工具能触手可及；C：在合适的角度观察总统。
8．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。本题题干意为：这个故事传递了什么信息？文章讲述了Vinnie想给林肯塑造雕像，这件事对一个十七岁的女孩子来说实属不易，但是在老师的鼓励下，她向总统提出了请求，用自己的经验和周到的考虑一步步打消了总统的疑虑并得到了总统的应允。由此可以总结出整篇文章传递了只要有坚强的意志就会成功的信息，故答案为A项(有志者事竟成)。B：经验有助卓越；C：兴衰浮沉使人坚强；D：奉献需要热情。
Ⅲ.书面表达
One pssible versin：
Dear Peter，
Hw is everything ging recently? I'm writing t invite yu t g back t ur senir high schl t celebrate her 100th anniversary. It has been 20 years since we graduated frm high schl. D yu still remember the days we spent studying and playing tgether? Till nw, these memries remain fresh.
As I knw, the celebratin will last fr 3 days frm Octber 1st t Octber 3rd. Schlmates will gather t meet their ld friends. An evening party will be held t feast peple's eyes. At the party, flk sngs will be perfrmed, pem recitatin and students' grup dance included. When we meet, I suppse mney shuld be raised t set up a schlarship which is used t prvide financial supprt fr the students frm rural areas. What d yu think abut it?
I am lking frward t yur early cming.
Yurs，
Li Hua