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高中英语牛津译林版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Grammar and usage背景图ppt课件
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这是一份高中英语牛津译林版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Grammar and usage背景图ppt课件，共37页。PPT课件主要包含了被动语态，is cleaned，两个并列谓语，Suddenly，United，Obviously，Curious，Luckily等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Passive vice in the past cntinuus and past perfect tenses
Summarize the use f passive vices f past cntinus tense and past perfect tense frm the example sentences;Use the passive vices f past cntinuus tense and past perfect tense prperly;Use the passive vices f past cntinuus tense and past perfect tense t describe a sprts event.
Nicle wrte a blg pst abut the city half-marathn she tk part in. Find the sentences that use the passive vice in the past cntinuus and past perfect tenses and fill in the table belw.
Explring the rules
... a city half-marathn was being rganized t help...
... even thugh my limits were being tested like never befre.
... a lt f mney had been raised fr charity.
Wrking ut the rules
The passive vice in the past cntinuus tense is used t refer t an actin being dne at a specific time in the past. The verb frm is “_________________________”.The passive vice in the past perfect tense is used t express an actin cmpleted befre a past actin. The verb frm is “ ______________________”.
was/were being + 过去分词
had been + 过去分词
英语中的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
以下几种情况常用被动语态：① 不知道谁是动作的执行者； ②没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者；③为了强调动作的承受者。（注意：不及物动词不能用于被动语态，但许多由“不及物动词+介词”构成的动词短语相当于及物动词，因而可以有被动语态。）
被动语态是由“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”构成，be随主语的人称、数和时态的变化而变化。我们这个单元学习过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态。
过去进行时的被动语态形式：was / were + being +及物动词的过去分词e.g. The rm was being painted when I left.
过去完成时的被动语态形式：had + been +及物动词的过去分词e.g. The injured passengers had been sent t hspital befre the reprters arrived at the spt.
被动语态结构中应注意的几个问题：①“一感觉(feel)”、“两听(hear, listen t)”、“三使(make, let, have)”、“四看(see, watch, lk, ntice)”等动词在主动结构中要跟不带t的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中t不可省去。 e.g. Betty is ften seen t help the ld man with his husewrk.
②后跟双宾语的动词在被动语态中，如果把主动句的直接宾语变为被动句的主语，则间接宾语前常常要加介词t或fr。常接t的动词有give, tell, lend, shw, pass, hand等；常接fr的动词有buy, get等。 e.g. A special present was given t me n my birthday.A special present was bught fr me n my birthday.③短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词，也不能将其拆开。 e.g. My grandpa is taken gd care f in the hspital.
【拓展】1. 不用被动语态的情况：①不及物动词或短语没有被动语态，如rise, fail, hap-pen, last, break ut, cme true, take place, belng t等。e.g. Oil prices have risen sharply in recent weeks.②系动词无被动语态，如appear, be, becme, feel, get, grw, keep, lk, remain, seem, smell, sund, stay, taste, turn等。e.g. The fried chicken stayed fresh and crisp.
2. 主动形式表示被动意义： ①某些不及物动词（其主语大都指物），如smell, taste, sund, prve, lck, shut, pen, read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, ck等，常用主动形式表达被动意义。e.g. The dr wn’t shut.The pem reads smthly.
②在need, require, wrth后用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。e.g. The bath needed repairing = The bath needed t be repaired. ③ t blame（责备）用主动形式表示被动意义。e.g. I think it is yu wh are t blame fr this accident.
Rewrite the sentences with the passive vice.
1. They were planting trees at this time yesterday.
Trees were being planted at this time yesterday.
2. They were building anther bridge ver the Changjiang River then.
Anther bridge was being built ver the Changjiang River then.
3. He had learned 5,000 wrds by the end f last week.
5,000 wrds had been learned by him by the end f last week.
Fill in the blanks with the right frms f the given verbs.
1. – lk! What a nice garden! – Yes. It _____________ (clean) every day.2. I’m sure the telephne ______________ (invent) befre the car.3. – Why didn’t yu bring yur cmputer here yesterday? – Oh, it ________________ (check) by my neighbur then.
was invented
was being checked
4. The tiger ______________ (feed) sme nice meet at this time yesterday.5. By the end f last year, we ______________ (prduce) 2,000 cars.6. The classrm __________________ (nt clean) befre the teacher came in.
was being fed
had prduced
had nt been cleaned
Cmplete the sentences with the crrect frms f the verbs in the brackets.
1. It was an amazing achievement fr a player wh _______________ (injure) s recently.
2. The swimming pl ________________ (clean) thrughly the day befre the cmpetitin began.
had been injured
had been cleaned
Applying the rules
3. He felt that his talents _________________ (waste) as a basketball player and was eager fr a change.
4. Tm was tld that his teammate wn the race while he ________________ (treat) by the team dctr.
5. Phts f the riders __________________ (take) befre they gt n their hrses.
was being wasted
was being treated
had been taken
Jessica gave an accunt f her experience as a vlunteer at the city half-marathn. Cmplete the passage with the crrect frms f the verbs in the bx belw.
make train blw place carry cheer
By the time Cathy and I, tgether with ther vlunteers fr the city half-marathn, arrived at 4:30 a.m., tables _______________ n bth sides f the rad. Bttles f water and paper cups ________________ t different tables, and Cathy and I immediately went t help.
had been placed
were being carried
Then we tk ur place at the table and quickly started t arrange the bttles and cups s that they lked like an army f sldiers standing n parade. I tk a step back and lked at the scene with satisfactin.
Fr the previus cuple f weeks, I _______________ n hw t be a vlunteer at the half-marathn. I decided t vlunteer fr this year’s half-marathn after ne f the rganizers visited my schl. We were tld that the cmpetitrs wuld be raising mney fr charity and, while I didn’t feel that I culd run that far, I thught the next best thing wuld be t help thse wh culd.
had been trained
After all the preparatins _______________, the exciting half-marathn began. Cathy and I waited patiently until the wrd spread that the first runners wuld be arriving sn. As the tired, thirsty runners ran alng, they _________________ by the crwds. Cathy and I quickly pured water int cups fr them.
had been made
were being cheered
After the last runner passed, I fund paper cups and plastic bttles everywhere. The litter ________________ arund by the wind as I picked up a plastic bag. Cathy and I started clearing up. We were tired and wet but it felt really gd t knw that we had been able t help thers.
was being blwn
Think abut a sprting event yu tk part in r watched. Describe the experience using the passive vice in the past cntinuus and past perfect tenses.
schl sprts meeting
Athletes had been trained befre the sprts meeting.
The pening ceremny was being held in the playgrund.
Sticks were being passed frm ne runner t anther in the relay race.
Athletes tk part in different events and cmpeted fr the glry f their classes.
The athlete were being chased by ther athletes.
Tips fr describing a sprting event
The time and place f the sprting event.Yu shuld use past tenses t describe what happened in the sprting event.Yu can describe the rules f the event and hw well the athlete perfrmed.What yu can learn frm the sprting event.
1. As my breathing returned t nrmal, I reflected n what had just been achieved.
reflect n: T frm r express carefully cnsidered thughts abut 思索
eg She reflects n her cuntry’s place in histry.
eg The excuses yu gave reflect disappintingly n yu.
T give evidence that (ne) has acted in a given way: 证明（某人）以某种方式行动
2. Over the next six weeks, I gradually increased the distance I ran in each training sessin and als made sure t allw my bdy enugh time t rest and recver after each run.
定语从句修饰distance
3. I ran my race relaxed and cnfident, even thugh my limits were being tested like never befre.形容词relaxed和cnfident在句中作状语，描述主语的状态。e.g. He arrived hme, hungry and tired.
1) __________ (Lucky), he survived.2) _________ (Unite), we can get thrugh all the difficulties.3) _________ (Obvius), the athlete devted himself t the race.4) _________ (Curius), we lked arund fr ther guests.5) _________ (Sudden), he saw a light in the dark cave.
【语境应用】用所给单词的正确形式填空。
limit n. pint r line beynd which sth des nt extend; bundary 界限; 限制greatest amunt allwed r pssible 限量；极限；限度 v. t cnfine r restrict within a bundary r bunds 限制t fix definitely; t specify 规定，指定
eg There is a limit t the amunt f pain we can bear.The amunt f mney yu have t spend will limit yur chice.
【归纳】time limit 期限，时间限制withut limit 无限地set a limit t 限制there is a limit t / n ... ……是有限制的within (ne’s) limits适度地，有限度地，在一定范围内。limit sb. / sth. t sth. 使(某事只在某地或某群体内)存在(或发生)，常用被动形式。
limited adj. 有限的，不多的limitless adj. 无限的
【语境应用】完成句子。1) 在该城镇范围内，你可以去任何你想去的地方。 Yu can g wherever yu want ________________________. 2) 我认为我们应该严格限制在这个项目上的时间投入。I think we ught t _______________________________ the amunt f time we spend n the prject.3) 教英语不应该仅仅局限于单词和语法。 The teaching f English ________________________ wrds and grammar.
within the twn limits
put a strict limit n
shuld nt be limited t
Passive vice in the past cntinuus and past perfect tenses
Summarize the use f passive vices f past cntinus tense and past perfect tense frm the example sentences;Use the passive vices f past cntinuus tense and past perfect tense prperly;Use the passive vices f past cntinuus tense and past perfect tense t describe a sprts event.
Nicle wrte a blg pst abut the city half-marathn she tk part in. Find the sentences that use the passive vice in the past cntinuus and past perfect tenses and fill in the table belw.
Explring the rules
... a city half-marathn was being rganized t help...
... even thugh my limits were being tested like never befre.
... a lt f mney had been raised fr charity.
Wrking ut the rules
The passive vice in the past cntinuus tense is used t refer t an actin being dne at a specific time in the past. The verb frm is “_________________________”.The passive vice in the past perfect tense is used t express an actin cmpleted befre a past actin. The verb frm is “ ______________________”.
was/were being + 过去分词
had been + 过去分词
英语中的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
以下几种情况常用被动语态：① 不知道谁是动作的执行者； ②没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者；③为了强调动作的承受者。（注意：不及物动词不能用于被动语态，但许多由“不及物动词+介词”构成的动词短语相当于及物动词，因而可以有被动语态。）
被动语态是由“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”构成，be随主语的人称、数和时态的变化而变化。我们这个单元学习过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态。
过去进行时的被动语态形式：was / were + being +及物动词的过去分词e.g. The rm was being painted when I left.
过去完成时的被动语态形式：had + been +及物动词的过去分词e.g. The injured passengers had been sent t hspital befre the reprters arrived at the spt.
被动语态结构中应注意的几个问题：①“一感觉(feel)”、“两听(hear, listen t)”、“三使(make, let, have)”、“四看(see, watch, lk, ntice)”等动词在主动结构中要跟不带t的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中t不可省去。 e.g. Betty is ften seen t help the ld man with his husewrk.
②后跟双宾语的动词在被动语态中，如果把主动句的直接宾语变为被动句的主语，则间接宾语前常常要加介词t或fr。常接t的动词有give, tell, lend, shw, pass, hand等；常接fr的动词有buy, get等。 e.g. A special present was given t me n my birthday.A special present was bught fr me n my birthday.③短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词，也不能将其拆开。 e.g. My grandpa is taken gd care f in the hspital.
【拓展】1. 不用被动语态的情况：①不及物动词或短语没有被动语态，如rise, fail, hap-pen, last, break ut, cme true, take place, belng t等。e.g. Oil prices have risen sharply in recent weeks.②系动词无被动语态，如appear, be, becme, feel, get, grw, keep, lk, remain, seem, smell, sund, stay, taste, turn等。e.g. The fried chicken stayed fresh and crisp.
2. 主动形式表示被动意义： ①某些不及物动词（其主语大都指物），如smell, taste, sund, prve, lck, shut, pen, read, write, wash, clean, draw, burn, ck等，常用主动形式表达被动意义。e.g. The dr wn’t shut.The pem reads smthly.
②在need, require, wrth后用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。e.g. The bath needed repairing = The bath needed t be repaired. ③ t blame（责备）用主动形式表示被动意义。e.g. I think it is yu wh are t blame fr this accident.
Rewrite the sentences with the passive vice.
1. They were planting trees at this time yesterday.
Trees were being planted at this time yesterday.
2. They were building anther bridge ver the Changjiang River then.
Anther bridge was being built ver the Changjiang River then.
3. He had learned 5,000 wrds by the end f last week.
5,000 wrds had been learned by him by the end f last week.
Fill in the blanks with the right frms f the given verbs.
1. – lk! What a nice garden! – Yes. It _____________ (clean) every day.2. I’m sure the telephne ______________ (invent) befre the car.3. – Why didn’t yu bring yur cmputer here yesterday? – Oh, it ________________ (check) by my neighbur then.
was invented
was being checked
4. The tiger ______________ (feed) sme nice meet at this time yesterday.5. By the end f last year, we ______________ (prduce) 2,000 cars.6. The classrm __________________ (nt clean) befre the teacher came in.
was being fed
had prduced
had nt been cleaned
Cmplete the sentences with the crrect frms f the verbs in the brackets.
1. It was an amazing achievement fr a player wh _______________ (injure) s recently.
2. The swimming pl ________________ (clean) thrughly the day befre the cmpetitin began.
had been injured
had been cleaned
Applying the rules
3. He felt that his talents _________________ (waste) as a basketball player and was eager fr a change.
4. Tm was tld that his teammate wn the race while he ________________ (treat) by the team dctr.
5. Phts f the riders __________________ (take) befre they gt n their hrses.
was being wasted
was being treated
had been taken
Jessica gave an accunt f her experience as a vlunteer at the city half-marathn. Cmplete the passage with the crrect frms f the verbs in the bx belw.
make train blw place carry cheer
By the time Cathy and I, tgether with ther vlunteers fr the city half-marathn, arrived at 4:30 a.m., tables _______________ n bth sides f the rad. Bttles f water and paper cups ________________ t different tables, and Cathy and I immediately went t help.
had been placed
were being carried
Then we tk ur place at the table and quickly started t arrange the bttles and cups s that they lked like an army f sldiers standing n parade. I tk a step back and lked at the scene with satisfactin.
Fr the previus cuple f weeks, I _______________ n hw t be a vlunteer at the half-marathn. I decided t vlunteer fr this year’s half-marathn after ne f the rganizers visited my schl. We were tld that the cmpetitrs wuld be raising mney fr charity and, while I didn’t feel that I culd run that far, I thught the next best thing wuld be t help thse wh culd.
had been trained
After all the preparatins _______________, the exciting half-marathn began. Cathy and I waited patiently until the wrd spread that the first runners wuld be arriving sn. As the tired, thirsty runners ran alng, they _________________ by the crwds. Cathy and I quickly pured water int cups fr them.
had been made
were being cheered
After the last runner passed, I fund paper cups and plastic bttles everywhere. The litter ________________ arund by the wind as I picked up a plastic bag. Cathy and I started clearing up. We were tired and wet but it felt really gd t knw that we had been able t help thers.
was being blwn
Think abut a sprting event yu tk part in r watched. Describe the experience using the passive vice in the past cntinuus and past perfect tenses.
schl sprts meeting
Athletes had been trained befre the sprts meeting.
The pening ceremny was being held in the playgrund.
Sticks were being passed frm ne runner t anther in the relay race.
Athletes tk part in different events and cmpeted fr the glry f their classes.
The athlete were being chased by ther athletes.
Tips fr describing a sprting event
The time and place f the sprting event.Yu shuld use past tenses t describe what happened in the sprting event.Yu can describe the rules f the event and hw well the athlete perfrmed.What yu can learn frm the sprting event.
1. As my breathing returned t nrmal, I reflected n what had just been achieved.
reflect n: T frm r express carefully cnsidered thughts abut 思索
eg She reflects n her cuntry’s place in histry.
eg The excuses yu gave reflect disappintingly n yu.
T give evidence that (ne) has acted in a given way: 证明（某人）以某种方式行动
2. Over the next six weeks, I gradually increased the distance I ran in each training sessin and als made sure t allw my bdy enugh time t rest and recver after each run.
定语从句修饰distance
3. I ran my race relaxed and cnfident, even thugh my limits were being tested like never befre.形容词relaxed和cnfident在句中作状语，描述主语的状态。e.g. He arrived hme, hungry and tired.
1) __________ (Lucky), he survived.2) _________ (Unite), we can get thrugh all the difficulties.3) _________ (Obvius), the athlete devted himself t the race.4) _________ (Curius), we lked arund fr ther guests.5) _________ (Sudden), he saw a light in the dark cave.
【语境应用】用所给单词的正确形式填空。
limit n. pint r line beynd which sth des nt extend; bundary 界限; 限制greatest amunt allwed r pssible 限量；极限；限度 v. t cnfine r restrict within a bundary r bunds 限制t fix definitely; t specify 规定，指定
eg There is a limit t the amunt f pain we can bear.The amunt f mney yu have t spend will limit yur chice.
【归纳】time limit 期限，时间限制withut limit 无限地set a limit t 限制there is a limit t / n ... ……是有限制的within (ne’s) limits适度地，有限度地，在一定范围内。limit sb. / sth. t sth. 使(某事只在某地或某群体内)存在(或发生)，常用被动形式。
limited adj. 有限的，不多的limitless adj. 无限的
【语境应用】完成句子。1) 在该城镇范围内，你可以去任何你想去的地方。 Yu can g wherever yu want ________________________. 2) 我认为我们应该严格限制在这个项目上的时间投入。I think we ught t _______________________________ the amunt f time we spend n the prject.3) 教英语不应该仅仅局限于单词和语法。 The teaching f English ________________________ wrds and grammar.
within the twn limits
put a strict limit n
shuld nt be limited t
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