外研版 (2019)Unit 3 The world of science课后测评

这是一份外研版 (2019)Unit 3 The world of science课后测评，共17页。试卷主要包含了actually　考查副词，be prved　考查被动语态等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.If anyne thinks he can (起草) the cntract mre simply, I advise him t try.
2.As is knwn t all,water (传导) heat faster than air.
3.We must carry the (实验)thrugh t the end, nt giving it up halfway.
4.Made f (金属), the statue weighs up t 225 tns and measures 46 meters high.
5.Prfessr Li will infrm yu f the detailed (步骤) fr ding the experiment.
6.The stne rlled dwn the muntain due t (重力).
Ⅱ.用方框内短语的适当形式填空
apart frm;take place;draw a cnclusin;cme up with;die frm
1.It's believed that the manager is able t new ways t slve the difficult prblem.
2.The cncert next Saturday;wuld yu like t g with me?
3.Mst panda babies illnesses and d nt live very lng.
4. reading fr knwledge, we read fr fun and inspiratin.
5.There's n sense in withut enugh evidence.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.A gd idea flashed my mind that we can make gd use f used materials.
2.The scientist devted himself (entire) t his research.
3.There is n dubt that we shuld attach great imprtance envirnmental prblems.
4.It is said that bdy language accunts 55 per cent f a first impressin while what yu say just 7 per cent.
5.Mst students in ur class g in fr all kinds f (science) activities.
6.There is n (prve) that it was the man wh stle the mney last night.
7.After three weeks' discussin,they will sign the (declare) tmrrw.
8.The jb market has changed and ur appraches t (find) wrk must change as well.
Ⅳ.分析所给句子中画线部分的结构,并根据汉语意
思进行仿写。
1.The well-knwn stry is that the American Funding Father and scientist flew a kite during a strm in 1752. (P32)
弹吉他的一个好处是它能给你带来很多快乐。

2.Hwever,neither the stry nr the details f the experiment are entirely true. (P33)
李华和王伟明天都不去那里。

3.Althugh it has been prved that Franklin's experiment tk place, mre than ne scientist has questined what really happened. (P33)
尽管我的车很旧,但我不想买新车。

4.But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually tuched the key, he wuld certainly have died frm the electric shck. (P33)
如果你认真听课的话,你就能回答老师的问题了。

Ⅴ.课文语法填空
Benjamin Franklin was ne f the Funding Fathers f the United States. Apart 1 being a successful statesman, he was als a 2 (create) scientist and inventr.
Benjamin Franklin 3 (fly) a kite during a strm in 1752. He raised the kite with a piece f string 4 (tie) t it. A metal key was attached t the string. A flash f lightning hit the kite, and electricity was cnducted thrugh the string t the key. Franklin then tuched the key and gt 5 electric shck.
Generatins f schlchildren have been amazed by his 6 (brave) and his scientific apprach t 7 (lk) fr the truth. Hwever, new research suggests that the stry may be fictin instead f a fact. Mre than ne scientist has questined 8 really happened. They all agree that if Franklin had 9 (actual) tuched the key, he wuld certainly have died frm the electric shck.
In science, facts shuld 10 (prve)by experiments and research, and we shuld nt always believe everything we read r hear—even if it is a great stry.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021黑龙江鹤岗一中高一下期中,)
Inventr, physicist, surveyr, astrnmer, bilgist, Hke was all these and mre. Sme say he was the mst extrardinary experimental scientist f the 17th century. In the curse f his wrk, he cperated with famus men f science like Isaac Newtn, and the great architect Christpher Wren.
Hke's early educatin began at hme, under the guidance f his father. He entered the Westminster Schl at the age f 13, and frm there went t Oxfrd, where he came in cntact with sme f the best scientists in England. Hke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments. In 1662, at the age f 28, he was named Curatr f Experiments at the newly frmed Ryal Sciety f Lndn—meaning that he was respnsible fr demnstrating (展示) new experiments at the sciety's weekly meeting. Hke accepted the jb, even thugh he knew that the sciety had n mney t pay him!
Watching living things thrugh a micrscpe was ne f his favurite pastimes. He invented a cmpund micrscpe fr this purpse. One day while bserving a crk (软木塞) under a micrscpe, he saw hneycmb-like structures. There were cells—the smallest unit f life. In fact, it was Hke wh invented the term “cell” as the bx-like cells f the crk reminded him f the cells f a mnastery (修道院).
Anther achievement f Hke's is his bk Micrgraphia, which intrduces the enrmus ptential f the micrscpe. It cntains fascinating drawings f the things he saw under the micrscpe. The bk als includes, amng ther things, ideas f gravity, light and cmbustin (燃烧) that may have helped scientists like Newtn when they were develping their wn theretical framewrks f these phenmena.
Hke made a valuable cntributin t astrnmy t. A crater n the mn is named after him in hnur f his service t this branch f science.
1.Why did Hke accept the jb as Curatr f Experiments?
A.He liked designing experiments.
B.His family needed his supprt.
C.His parents culdn't affrd his educatin.
D.He wanted t please sme famus scientists.
2.What des the underlined wrd “pastimes” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A.Jbs. B.Experiments.
C.Hbbies. D.Structures.
3.What can we knw abut Hke?
A.He went t Oxfrd in 1645.
B.He was well paid at the Ryal Sciety f Lndn.
C.He made a cntributin t medicine.
D.His bk Micrgraphia may have helped Newtn.
4.Which wrd can be used t describe Hke?
A.Hnest. B.Creative.
C.Reliable. D.Mdest.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020河南师大附中高二上期末,)
Hw t Succeed in Science
T succeed in science, yu need a lt mre than luck. In my view, yu have t cmbine intelligence with a willingness nt t fllw cnventins when they blck yur frward path. Thus, these have cme t be my rules fr success.
1
That might sund prud, but the fact is that yu must always turn t peple wh are brighter than yu. It's like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted t play games with anyne wh was as bad as I was. If yu win, it will give yu n pleasure. And in the game f science r life, the highest gal isn't simply t win; it's t win at smething really difficult. 2 .
Take risks
T make a huge success, a scientist has t be prepared t get int deep truble. If yu are ging t make a huge jump in science, yu will very likely be unqualified t succeed by definitin. 3 . This can be mre than persnally upsetting.
Never d anything that bres yu
My experience in science is that smene is always telling yu t d things, and then leaves yu alne. I'm nt gd enugh t d well in smething I dislike. 4 .
It's very hard t succeed if yu dn't want t be with ther scientists, because yu have t g t key meetings where yu spt key facts that wuld have escaped yu. And yu have t chat with yur cmpetitrs, even if yu find them bjectinable.
S my final rule is: 5 .
A.Meet challenges with great curage
B.If yu can't stand being with yur real peers, get ut f science
C.Put anther way, it's t g smewhere beynd yur ability and cme ut n tp
D.Be sure yu always have smene t save yu frm a deep mess
E.Avid flish peple
F.In fact, I find it hard t d well in smething I like
G.Besides, yu even have t be prepared t disbelieve yur scientific heres
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅲ.概要写作
(2021广东惠州调研考试,)
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Teenagers' fitness is nw a majr cncern and physical exercise is very imprtant. It reduces stress and imprves fitness. Exercise makes yur bdy strng and helps yu t keep the right bdy weight. Sprts scientists ffer the fllwing advice t teenagers. First, find ut yur present level f fitness. Then yu can design a prgramme that will help yu becme healthier.
There are three levels f fitness that may need a change f lifestyle. “Overweight” means that the persn gets very little exercise and ften has a serius weight prblem. “Inactive” means that the persn des nt jin in many physical activities, but is nt seriusly verweight. “Active” refers t peple wh take part in sprts and ther physical activities, but d nt have a high fitness level.
Accrding t experts, verweight teenagers shuld wrk ut t keep healthy. Ride a bike, play vlleyball r basketball fr a while, and g fr a twenty-minute walk each day. All these will help t burn calries. Inactive teenagers shuld d similar activities, but add sme bending and stretching exercises, such as push-ups and sit-ups, starting with twenty f each day. Inactive peple can take a little mre exercise than verweight peple because their bdies are strnger. The same rule is als suitable fr active teenagers.
Experts als suggest ne hur a week r mre f running and ther frms f intensive exercise, tgether with fifteen minutes a day spent n stretching and bending activities. They are really imprtant and can prevent injuries. Sme weight training and ther bdy-strengthening exercise culd als be planned in the prgramme in rder t increase the persn's strength.









答案全解全析
基础过关练
Ⅰ 2.cnducts 3.experiment 4.metal 5.prcedure 6.gravity
Ⅱ up with 2.will take place 3.die frm 4.Apart frm
5.drawing a cnclusin
Ⅲ 考查介词。句意:我想到了一个好主意,那就是我们可以好好利用旧材料。 flash int ne's mind 某人突然想到。
2.entirely 考查词性转换。句意:这位科学家全身心投入到他的研究中。此处修饰动词devted应用副词形式。
3.t 考查介词。句意:毫无疑问,我们应该高度重视环境问题。 attach imprtance t重视。
4.fr 考查固定搭配。句意:据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%,而你说的话只占7%。accunt fr占……(比例)。
5.scientific 考查词性转换。句意:我们班上大多数学生喜欢参加各种各样的科学活动。用形容词作定语修饰名词activities。scientific意为“科学的”。
6.prf 考查词性转换。句意:没有证据证明就是那个人昨晚偷钱了。 分析句子结构可知,此处应用名词形式。
7.declaratin 考查词性转换。句意:经过三个星期的讨论,他们将于明天签署公告。定冠词the后应用名词形式。
8.finding 考查非谓语动词。句意:工作市场已经改变了,我们找工作的方法也必须改变。appraches后的t为介词,所以答案为finding。
Ⅳ advantage f playing the guitar is that it can give yu a great deal f pleasure.
2.Neither Li Hua nr Wang Wei is ging there tmrrw.
3.Althugh my car is very ld, I dn't want t buy a new ne.
4.If yu had listened t the teacher carefully, yu culd have answered the teacher's questin.
Ⅴ 考查介词。句意:除了是一位成功的政治家,他还是一个有创造性的科学家和发明家。apart frm除了……外。
2.creative 考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词作定语。creative有创造力的。
3.flew 考查动词的时态。根据in 1752可知,此处应用一般过去时。
4.tied 考查with的复合结构。string与tie是被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾补。
5.an 考查冠词。electric shck触电,是可数名词,且electric以元音音素开头,故填an。
6.bravery 考查名词。形容词性物主代词his后跟名词形式。bravery意为“勇敢”。
7.lking 考查非谓语动词。apprach后的t为介词,所以答案为lking。
8.what 考查宾语从句的连接词。分析句子成分可知 8 really happened为宾语从句,从句缺少主语,故答案为what。
9.actually 考查副词。修饰动词用副词。
10.be prved 考查被动语态。facts和prve之间为被动关系,所以此处应用被动语态。
能力提升练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了英国伟大的科学家、细胞的发现者罗伯特·胡克。
1.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的Hke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments.可知,胡克在设计实验和发明仪器方面非常优秀,由此推断他接受这个工作的原因是他喜欢设计实验。而B、C、D选项都属于“无中生有”,文中没有涉及这些内容。故选A。
2.C 词义猜测题。根据上文胡克对实验的喜欢以及第三段他为了观察生物而发明一种复式显微镜可知,用显微镜观察生物是他最喜欢做的事情,由此推断 “pastime”的意思是“爱好”。A项意为“工作”;B项意为“实验”;D项意为“结构”。故选C。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的The may have helped scientists like Newtn when they were develping their wn theretical framewrks f these phenmena.可知,书中的一些观点可能对像牛顿这样的科学家发展自己的理论框架有所帮助,由此可知胡克的《显微术》这本书可能对牛顿有帮助。由第二段内容可知,1662年胡克28岁,他是在13岁进入Westminster Schl,然后上的牛津大学,他13岁时是1647年,所以上牛津大学的时间不可能是1645年,所以A项错误。B选项“他在英国皇家学会薪水很高”和文中第二段最后一句中的even thugh he knew that the sciety had n mney t pay him相悖。全文没有提及他对医学方面的贡献,故C选项“他对医学做出了贡献”内容错误。故选D。
4.B 推理判断题。文章介绍了胡克的很多成就,而且他喜欢做实验,也发明了很多仪器,由此推断他是富有创造性的。而其他三个选项(A项“诚实的”;C项“可信赖的”;D项“谦虚的”)所说的品质在文中没有体现。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.guidance n.指导 2.instrument n.仪器;工具 3.respnsible adj.负责任的 4.ptential n.潜力;潜在性 adj.潜在的;可能的 5.fascinating adj.迷人的;吸引人的 6.cntributin n.贡献 7.in hnur f 为向……表示敬意;为了纪念
长难句分析
原句 The bk als includes, amng ther things, ideas f gravity, light and cmbustin (燃烧) that may have helped scientists like Newtn when they were develping their wn theretical framewrks f these phenmena.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句。其中amng ther things是插入语,句子的主干是“The bk als includes ideas”, “f gravity, light and cmbustin”是修饰ideas的介词短语,而that引导的定语从句也修饰ideas,在该定语从句中when引导时间状语从句。
句意 除了其他方面,这本书还包括关于重力、光和燃烧的想法,当像牛顿这样的科学家在发展自己关于这些现象的理论框架时,这些想法可能曾经帮助过他们。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在科学上取得成功。
1.E 根据标题后内容可知,作者认为只有和比自己聪明的人在一起才能学到东西,所以建议避免和愚蠢的人在一起。故选E。
2.C 根据设空处前一句话可知,作者认为在科学或生活的游戏中,最高的目标不仅仅是获胜,而是成功地做好一些非常困难的事情。换句话说,要通过克服困难来超越自我,使自己名列前茅。C选项是对前一句话的进一步解释。
3.G 根据设空处前文可知,作者认为如果想取得很大的成功,科学家必须准备好陷入很深的困境中。如果你要在科学上有一个巨大的飞跃,你很可能没有资格获得成功。此外,甚至也要准备好怀疑你心中的科学英雄,也就是要勇于怀疑权威。G选项符合语境。
4.F 根据设空处前一句话中的d well in smething I dislike可知,在科学研究中,对于自己不喜欢的事情人们做不好,但对于自己喜欢的事情人们也不一定能做好。故选F。
5.B 根据前一段的内容可知,作者建议要和其他科学家交流,从而发现自己忽略的关键事实。甚至要和你的竞争对手交流,即使你觉得他们令人反感。也就是说,如果你无法忍受跟与你真正地位相当的人一起工作,你就不要进行科学研究了。故选B。
【高频词汇】 1.intelligence n.智力;智慧 2.willingness n.乐意;意愿 3.take risks 冒险 4.unqualified adj.没资格的;不能胜任的 5.leave sb. alne 不打扰某人 6.cmpetitr n.竞争者;对手 7.peer n.同等地位的人;同龄人 8.put anther way 换句话说 9.scientific adj.科学的
长难句分析
原句 It's very hard t succeed if yu dn't want t be with ther scientists, because yu have t g t key meetings where yu spt key facts that wuld have escaped yu.
分析 本句为主从复合句。if引导条件状语从句;because引导原因状语从句,该从句中where yu spt key facts...是一个定语从句,修饰先行词meetings,where在从句中作状语;that wuld have escaped yu也是一个定语从句,修饰先行词facts,that在从句中作主语。
句意 如果你不想和其他科学家在一起(工作),你就很难成功,因为你必须去参加一些重要会议,在那里你会发现一些关键的事实,而这些事实本来是被你忽视的。
Ⅲ.
[写作指导]
1.语篇内容解读
①主题语境:人与自我——健康的生活方式
语篇类型:说明文
②文章内容:
体育锻炼对于青少年健康至关重要,它可以提高青少年的身体素质,使他们保持正常的体重水平,针对处于三种不同健康水平的青少年,专家给出了不同的锻炼建议。
2.文章脉络分析
[写作建议]
写作时考生需找到文本中的主要事实,即寻找关键词和主题句,准确理解、分析原文要点,归纳段落大意;各要点的表达既要相对独立又要有适当的衔接,要用适当的衔接词贯通全文;行文尽量同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。此外还应注意多使用概括性词语,少用具体描述性词语。
Pssible versin 1:
Physical exercise plays a significant rle in teenagers' fitness. Teenagers are advised t identify their fitness levels t design a health prgramme.(要点1)
“Overweight”, “Inactive” and “Active” are the three levels f fitness that may urge ne t change his lifestyle. (要点2) In additin t calrie-burning exercise that verweight teenagers shuld d, inactive and active teenagers are advised t exercise mre.(要点3) Furthermre, intensive exercise is vital t injury preventin and bdy-strengthening exercise helps build up ne's strength.(要点4)
Pssible versin 2:
Physical exercise is beneficial t teenagers' health. Teenagers are advised t figure ut their fitness levels and make a plan t keep fit. (要点1) There are three levels f physical states, namely “Overweight”, “Inactive” and “Active”, which may need a persn's change f lifestyle. (要点2) Accrding t different fitness levels, experts suggest teenagers d calrie-burning exercise and bending and stretching exercises. (要点3)
Besides, intensive exercise and bdy-strengthening exercise are recmmended fr yu t avid injuries and build up yur strength. (要点4)