11 高考单词L-十年（2012-2021）高考英语3500单词分字母汇编（高考真句+检测）

高考英语单词L
lab [læb] 等于laboratory [ˈlæbrətɔ:ri] n. 实验室
It was a strange-looking machine — one his dad had brought home from the laboratory where he worked.【2012江西阅读】这是一个看上去非常奇怪的机器— 这是他爸爸从他工作的实验室带回来的。

labour [ˈleɪbə] n. 劳动；工人，劳动力；v. 辛勤工作，努力
They organize their lives with a clear division of labor.【2015安徽阅读】他们管理他们的生活有一个清晰的分工。
The flow of labor is a growing problem.【2012陕西阅读】劳动力流动是一个日益严重的问题。
But a few years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue.【2013辽宁阅读】但是几年前，科学家们努力发现大脑在不达到疲劳的状态下可以工作多长时间。

lack [læk] n. 缺乏vt. 缺乏
They lacked support from the local government.【2015天津阅读】他们缺乏来自当地政府的支持
短语：lack of (此时lack为名词)
Lack of self-confidence is his last straw, I am afraid.【2016江苏】恐怕缺乏自信是压垮他的最后稻草。

ladder [ˈlædə] n. 梯子
lady [ˈleɪdɪ] n. 女士，夫人
lake [leɪk] n. 湖
lamb [læm] n. 羔羊
lame [leɪm] adj. 跛的，瘸的
lamp [læmp] n. 灯，油灯；光源

land [lænd] n. 土地，陆地 v. 着陆，降落；登陆，到达；谋得（工作或合同）
when people cut down trees，generally they can only use the land for a year or two.【2014安徽阅读】当人们砍伐树木的时候，通常他们可以用这块土地一到两年。
One June 11, 2014, nearly 40 of my family and friends gathered in the area close to where I would land.【2015北京阅读】在2014年的7月11日，40位家人和朋友会聚集在我着陆的地方。
Andrea Peterson landed her first teaching job.【2012山东阅读】安德森得到了第一个教师工作。
His boss landed the plane too late.【2013全国二阅读】他的老板下飞机太迟了。

language [ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ] n. 语言
短语：body language 身体语言
And body language is particularly important when we attempt to communicate across cultures.【2012全国一完形】当我们跨文化交流的时候身体语言是特别重要的

lantern [ˈlæntən] n. 灯笼
lap [læp] n. 大腿；(跑道的)一圈
laser [ˈleɪzə] n. 激光

large [lɑ:dʒ] adj. 大的，大量的
同义词： giant adj. 巨大的，huge adj. 巨大的； vast adj. 巨大的，广大的
largely [ˈlɑ:dʒli] adv. 主要地
How much one enjoys himself traveling depends largely on who he goes with, whether his friends or relatives.【2015四川】一个人多喜欢旅行主要取决于他和谁去，是他的朋友还是他的亲戚。
同义词：mainly adv. 主要地

last [læst] adj. 过去的；最后的 v. 持续
I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.【2016全国一阅读】在去年的一次去美国的旅行中我遇到了飓风。
They’ve won their last three matches, which I find a bit surprising actually.【2014辽宁】他们赢了最后三场比赛，事实上我发现这有点令人惊讶。
People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever.【2015安徽阅读】人们也意识到煤炭和天然气的供应不会永远持续下去。
用法：the last thing/person 最不可能的人/事，最不想要的人/事，最不适当的人/事
But Tom broke and ran and that’s the last thing you do with a cougar（美洲狮）.【2012北京阅读】汤姆挣脱开来并且跑了，那是你面对美洲狮的时候最不该做的事情。
at last 最后，最终
Within two years after her arrival in Canada, Diana at last achieved her original goal.【2015福建完形】在到达加拿大的两年之内，Diana最终实现了她最初的目标。

late, lately, later, latter, latest的辨析
late [leɪt] adj. 迟的，晚的；晚期的，后期的（只能用于名词前）adv. 迟地，晚地
I did not want to be late for this date.【2014浙江阅读】这次约会我不想迟到。
Then, in late June, my youngest son’s football team made the city cup final.【2014四川完形】
然后在六月晚期，我小儿子的足球队打入城市杯的决赛。
Why did the author and her sister stay up late the night before their father’s birthday?【2014四川阅读】为什么作者和她的妹妹在他们爸爸的生日前天晚上熬夜地很晚?

lately [ˈleɪtlɪ] adj. 最近 等于recently
But lately everything has changed.【2014湖南完形】但是最近一切都变了。

latest [ˈleɪtɪst] adj. 最新的，最近的
We will be happier with the latest products.【2015安徽完形】最新的产品是我们更开心。

later [ˈleɪtə] adv. 之后，随后 adj. 以后的，后来的（必须用在名词前）
Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice.【2014全国一阅读】三天之后，在午夜他听到了Joe的声音。
Whether reading early promises later achievements.【2012上海阅读】阅读是否能保证以后的成功？

latter [ˈlætə] n. （两者之中的）后者； adj. 后期的，末期的
Where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.【2014江苏】出现高失业率和犯罪率的地方，我们可以认为后者是由前者造成的。
And the latter position is gaining some ground.【2015重庆阅读】后者的观点正在普及。
短语：the former…，the latter… 前者……，后者……

laugh [lɑːf] n. v. 笑；
短语：laugh at 嘲笑
I had to try hard not to laugh at her shocked face!【2015陕西改错】我不得不努力不嘲笑他那震惊的脸。
注意：laugh 作名词时不可数名词而laughter是不可数名词
laughter [ˈlæftər] n. 笑声，笑
There was a lot of laughter and a few tears, too.【2014四川阅读】有许多笑声和眼泪

launch [lɔ:ntʃ] v. 发射；实施，开展
The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent being launched at the end of last March.【2012山东】这个国家已经发射了三个人造飞船了，最近发射人造飞船在上个三月。
What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?【2015天津阅读】兰西实施这个项目的目的是什么？

laundry [ˈlɔːndrɪ] n. 刚洗过的（或待洗的）衣物；洗衣店
lavatory [ˈlævətɔːrɪ] n. 便所，厕所

law [lɔ:] n. 法律；法学；法则；
That has always been a law of nature.【2015江苏阅读】那是自然法则。
law的另一名词形式：lawyer [ˈlɔɪə] n. 律师

lay [leɪ] v. 放置；铺（路，地毯……）；下（蛋），产（卵）；
She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk.【2014重庆阅读】她会把我的脏衣服推到一边，我会把我的书放在她那干净的书桌上。
the power lines will be laid down to move electricity around.【2015北京阅读】电线会被铺下去发电。
One day while walking along the bank of a lake, the girl happened to see 20 eggs laid by a wild goose.【2012全国一完形】一天当我们沿着湖边走的时候，那个男孩碰巧看到20个由野鹅产下的蛋。
同义词：place v. 放置
短语：lay off 解雇
Sometimes, they might be laid off if business for the employers is slow.【2015湖南任务型读写】如果雇主生意不好的话他们可能被解雇。
lay out 铺开，展开
Wet rice was laid out to dry along this road.【2014天津阅读】潮湿的米会被沿着马路铺开。

lazy [ˈleɪzɪ] adj. 懒惰的；懒洋洋的
Those lazy boys need something to wake them up.【2013福建阅读】那些懒孩子需要我们用一些东西把他们唤醒。
lazy的名词形式：laziness ['leɪzɪnəs] n. 懒惰

lead [liːd] v. 带领，领导；带路，领路：导致；通往 n. 领先；铅
They will lead you to the place you want to go.【2013江苏完形】他们将会带领你去你想去的地方。
Once the honey guide has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest.【2012全国一阅读】一旦蜂蜜向导得到了他们的注意力，它就飞过森林，当它们领着好奇的人或动物到达蜂巢的时候它会时不时地等待他们。
Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections.【2014北京阅读】他的研究表明高的天花板会鼓励人们自由思考，这会导致人们做出更加抽象的联系。
There was a joyous row of wild flowers, leading all the way to the garden.【2015重庆阅读】有一排让人们快乐的野花一直通往花园。
It doesn’t matter whether you turn right or left at the crossing ---both roads lead to the park.【2012天津】在十字路口向左转还是向右转都不要紧——两条路都通往公园。
Lead poisonous has proved more difficult to deal with.【2016北京阅读】铅污染被证明是很难处理的。
短语：take the lead (in doing sth)带头做某事
He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar.【2015上海阅读】他们说他做了一个带头谋杀Julius Caesar的错误的决定——至少莎士比亚是这么呈现的。
take the lead 领先
And near the end of the race, he took the lead.【2015辽宁阅读】在比赛的最后，他领先了。
lead to 导致，造成（相当于cause）
Sport programs provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health.【2016上海阅读】体育项目给年轻人提供了身体活跃的机会，这会改善身体健康。
Loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.【2015陕西阅读】供氧的树的缺失也会导致空气污染和全球变暖。
lead/live a ……life 过着……生活
In modern times, people have to learn to live with all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life.【2013湖北】在现代时期，人本不得不忍受各种压力尽管他们过着舒适的生活
lead的形容词形式：leading最重要的
Soon it became one of the world’s leading companies in information technology and communications. 【2015安徽阅读】很快它成为世界上最重要的信息技术与通讯公司。
lead的另外两个名词形式：leader n. 领导人；leadership n. 领导权，领导才能
They emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader.【2015上海阅读】他们强调了抓住机会成为老练高明的领导的故事。
Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things.【2012天津阅读】今天的领导才能不再是关于强迫他人做事。
lead作动词时的名词形式：leader [ˈliːdə] n. 领袖，领导人

leading [ˈliːdɪŋ] adj. 重要的，领先的
James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.【2015全国一阅读】James Brindley被认为是重要的运河工程师之一。

leaf [liːf] n. 树叶
Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly size and shape.【2012上海】所有种类的树都有树叶，但是它们在大小和形状上都不一样。

league [liːɡ] n. 联盟；社团
She picked up a long-forgotten membership in the local league of women, so that she could get to know more people.【2015陕西阅读】她拿出被长期遗忘的一家当地女子社团的会员卡，这样她就可以认识更多的人了。
Every year, The Times newspaper compiles a league table of all the UK's ninety-seven universities. 【2013广东阅读】每年《时代周刊》都会编纂英国97所大学联盟的排名表。

leak [liːk] v. 漏，渗；泄漏（秘密）；n. 漏洞，裂缝；（秘密的）泄漏
The old bucket felt very ashamed because of its holes: before it reached the flowerbeds, much water had leaked along the path.【2015重庆阅读】旧桶因为漏洞而感到羞愧；在它到达化痰之前许多水都在路上漏掉了。
Help your parents fix any leaks in your home.【2013安徽阅读】帮助你的父母修理家里的任何漏洞。

learn [lɜːn] v. 学习，学会，学到；得知，听到；意识到
Children do learn languages more quickly than adults.【2013安徽完形】儿童的确比成人学的要快。
I am very excited to learn that you are coming to Beijing for the Olympics.【2013福建改错】我非常高兴得知你要来北京参加奥林匹克。
I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.【2016天津写作】之后我意识到如果你爱上某事并且一直做的话你将会更加擅长它。
短语：learn about了解到
But in that case, we will learn little about the world.【2016全国一改错】但是在那种情况下我们对这个社会将会一无所知。
learn (sth) from sb 从某人那里学到某物
Don’t learn from others unless they’re excellent.【2014四川】除非别人优秀否则不要向他人学习。
learn from sth 从某事吸取教训
People can learn a lot from their failures.【2013湖南阅读】人们从失败中可以吸取许多教训。
learn to do 学习做某事
Learning to deal with the social world is equally important.【2016北京阅读】学习处理社交世界同样重要。
learn的形容词形式：learned [ˈlɜ:nɪd] adj. 博学的
The more learned a man is, the more modest be usually become.【2015陕西】一个人越博学他就越谦虚。

least [liːst] 最少的
What would you miss most and least if you were stuck on a desert island?【2013浙江阅读】如果你被困在废弃的岛上的话你最想念和最不想念的东西分别是什么？
短语：at least 至少
Her research before writing takes at least three years.【2012辽宁阅读】在写作之前的研究至少花了3年时间。
反义词：at most 至多
You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week.【2013天津阅读】这个房间你每天可以使用三小时，每周至多使用九小时。

leather [ˈleðə]n. 皮革，皮

leave [liːv] v. 离开；留下；把……留在某处；使保持（某种状态或某个位置）n. 假期
By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside.【2016全国二阅读】到这个团队离开的时候，外面正在下着倾盆大雨。
Once trust is lost, what is left? 【2015全国二七选五】一旦信任没有了还能留下什么？
The new law in Rome also says that owners mustn’t leave their dogs in hot cars. [阅读]2012天津 罗马新的法律要求雇主禁止把他们的狗狗留在炎热的车里。
You can’t leave the back part bare.【2012湖北完形】你不能使你的自行车后部保持裸露的状态。
Couples can find themselves taking leave in turn in order to care for children who are on holiday.【2012福建】小两口可以轮流请假以便照顾放假在家的孩子。
短语：leave for 前往
The tourists will stay in Beijing for three nights before leaving for the UK.【2014福建阅读】游客们在前往英国之前需要在北京呆三个晚上。
leave out 省略，遗漏；
He didn’t say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose.【2013全国二阅读】】他没有说什么错误的东西，但是他故意遗漏一些重要信息。
leave behind 留下；落后
Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. 【2015天津阅读】学习你的榜样、接受他们的天赋然后留下那些对你没有用的东西。
Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself left behind. 【2013上海】忽视了学生正在讨论的问题，我发现自己落伍了。
leave sb alone 不去打扰……，让……独自待着； leave sth alone 不去碰某物
Why don't you just mind your own business and leave me alone?【2012全国二】为什么不管好你自己的事情让我独自呆一会呢？

lecture [ˈlektʃə] n. 演讲，讲座；训斥，告诫（lecture on/about）v. 演讲，做讲座；训斥，告诫（）
He started giving lectures about education.【2012福建阅读】他开始做关于教育方面的讲座。
I just pretended it all wasn’t happening, and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions.【2013浙江阅读】我假装这一切都没有发生，继续说教并且问一些鼓舞人心的问题。
用法：lecture sb about/on sth告诫某人某事
Top lists are lecturing people on everything from “100 places to visit” to “100 books to read”【2012重庆阅读】排行表告诫人们所有的东西从“100个游览之地”到 “100本必读之书”
短语：give/deliver a lecture 做讲座/演讲
He is to deliver 30 lectures in Basic Math.【2012北京阅读】他将做30个关于Basic Math的讲座。

left [left] adj. 左的 adv. 朝左，向左
短语：have two left feet 动作非常笨拙
“Look! Johnny has two left feet!”【2014湖南完形】“看，Johnny的动作多么笨拙。”

leftover ['leftˌəuvə] adj.剩下的 n.剩饭菜
But the truth is that you can have last night’s leftovers.【2014全国二阅读】事实上，你是可以吃昨晚的剩饭菜的。

leg [leɡ] n. 腿

legal [ˈliːɡl] adj. 合法的；法律的
If a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action.【2014山东阅读】如果市场上的产品对健康有害，FDA有权要求生产商或经销商主动将该产品下架，活着它可以采取法律措施。
To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation.【2014山东】为了理解这些产品如何能够被合法地推销给公众，了解相关的规定是有必要的。
反义词：illegal adj. 非法的

lemon [ˈlemən] n. 柠檬
lemonade [leməˈneɪd] n. 柠檬水

lend [lend] v. 借给
短语：lend sb sth = lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人
Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I get paid on Friday.【2012辽宁】妈妈，我想知道您能否借我点钱知道我星期五发工资
lend sb a hand 帮助某人
Obviously there was something wrong with the car. Jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand. 【2013山东阅读】很明显车出了问题，吉米立刻去帮助他。
lend an ear to 倾听
Parents should talk to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say.【2014广东完形】父母应该和他们的孩子说话，但是同时他们也应该听听他们孩子所说的。

length [leŋθ] n. 长度；
The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. 【2015江西】这些技术有医学应用，这些应用可以提高生活质量和寿命的长度。
短语：at length 长时间的，详细的
I set up an interview with her and we discussed her project at length.【2013湖南阅读】我采访了她并且和她详细讨论她的项目。
length的形容词形式：long adj. 长的

lesson [ˈlesn] n. 课;经验，教训
It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life until we’ve actually had that lesson.【2012天津】
直到我们真的上了那次课，我们才能吸取教训。
To help students understand the lesson better, the teacher should use Chinese from time to time. 【2012浙江写作】为了帮助学生更好理解课程，老师应该时不时地用中文。
短语：learn a lesson 吸取教训

let [let] vt. 让
短语：let n do 让名词作某事
Call me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result.【2014全国一】明天给我打电话我将告诉你实验结果。
let alone 更不用说
We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it. 【2014全国一阅读】我们那时甚至不知道环境的存在，更不用说环境问题。
let sb down 让某人失望,辜负某人（此时等同于fail /disappoint sb）
We did not want to let him down.【2012福建阅读】我们不想让他失望。
let out 突然发出（大的声音）
With each bump of the plane , he would let out a giggle (咯咯的笑) of delight.【2015四川】伴随着飞机的每一次颠簸他会发出快乐的咯咯的笑声。
let go of 放开
I let go of my box.【2013湖南完形】我放开了我的盒子。

letter [ˈletə] n. 信；字母
The tricky mental task required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.【2013北京阅读】这个棘手的思考任务要求学生做一些简单的数学计算同时记住一套字母。

level [ˈlevl] n. 水平；程度；标准；楼层；等级，级别；水平高度adj. 齐平的，齐高的
According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to decline from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.【2012浙江】根据科学家，我们的思维水平在22岁达到最高水平之后，从27岁开始下降。
This special school accepts all disabled students, regardless of educational level and background. 【2014江苏】这所特殊学校接受所有的残疾学生，不管他们的教育程度或背景。
The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief that you are better than anyone else on the sports field.【2013浙江】实现成功最高标准的唯一方式就是完全相信你比赛场上的任何一个人都好。
The Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking. 【2014天津阅读】Globe位于McMillan Hall的底层，它是被用来放松、学习和做饭的。
According to the Center for Biological Diversity, an ocean level rise of only 0.6 meters will send these guys jumping to higher ground.【2012浙江阅读】根据Center for Biological Diversity，海平面高度没增加0.6米这些家伙就会爬向更高的地方。
The puma’s huge head was level with my chest and shoulders.【2014北京阅读】美洲狮的大头和我的胸以及肩膀一样高。

liberate [ˈlɪbəreɪt] vt. 解放，使自由 liberate 的名词形式：liberation 解放

liberty [ˈlɪbətɪ] n. 自由
the Statue of Liberty【2014天津阅读】自由女神像

library [ˈlaɪbrərɪ] n. 图书馆，图书室
library 的另一个名词形式：librarian [laɪˈbreərɪən] 图书管理员; 图书馆馆长

license [ˈlaɪsəns] n. 执照，许可，许可证
Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000.【2015江西】去年毕业拥有驾驶许可证的学生数量达到200,000。
In 1993, 77 years after her death, a medical license was issued to Charlotte.【2014山东完形】
在她死后77年的1993年，Charlotte被授予了医疗执照。

lid [lɪd] n. 盖子

lie1 [laɪ] v. (lay, lain) 躺；位于；处于或保持（某种状态）；
Sometimes when I feel lost, I lie down and shut my eyes.【2013四川阅读】有时候当我迷失的时候，我会躺下来闭上眼睛。
Most rain forests lie close to the equator, where the climate is often mild and there are long hours of sunshine.【2012辽宁阅读】大多数雨林离赤道很近，那儿的气候温和并且有长时间的阳光。
Mrs. Tailor was unaware that some children lay hidden in the leaves of a nearby tree watching her every move.【2014江西阅读】Tailor女士并不知道一些孩子躲在附近的树叶里观看她的每一个举动。
短语：lie with/in 在于
Austen's success lies in her wisdom.【2013福建阅读】Austen的成功在于他的智慧。

lie2 [laɪ] v. (lied, lied) 说谎 n. 谎言
Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.【2013全国二】谎言就是谎言，并且有时候事实也会说谎。

life [laɪf] n.生命；一生；生活；生机，活力
One’s life has value as long as one brings value to the life of others.【2012江苏】一个人的生命是有价值的只要他给他人的生活带来价值。
I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.【2014全国一阅读】我经常想象我未来的生活将会怎样。
Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with your eyes closed.【2014江西阅读】想象一下你的余生都无法重见光明将会怎样。
The late risers are tired during the day and only come to life in the afternoon or evening! 【2015辽宁阅读】晚起的人在白天很疲惫只有在下午或晚上的时候才充满活力。
短语：live/lead a…life过着……的生活
Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life.【2012浙江阅读】只有那些接受现实的人才能过上充实的生活。

lifetime [ˈlaɪftaɪm] n. 一生，终生
短语：chance/experience of lifetime 千载难逢的机会或经历
It was a chance of a lifetime to win the first prize.【2015全国一改错】这是赢得第一名千载难逢的机会。

lift [lɪft] v.举起，抬起，提起；增加；(云、烟等)消散 n. 电梯；搭便车；抬，提，举
In the new P.E. program, children learn to lift weights, balance their diets and build physical endurance.【2015上海阅读】在新的体育项目中，孩子们学会增加体重、平衡饮食以及增加身体忍耐度。
He lifted the little girl out of the water.【2015陕西阅读】他将那个小女孩从水中提起来。
We have been driving in fog all morning, but the fog is lifting now.【2013福建完形】我们整个早上都在雾中开车，但是现在雾散了。
Take the lift to the tenth floor, and you will find the gym.【2014陕西阅读】乘电梯到10楼你就可以找到健身馆了。
短语：give sb a lift/ride 给某人搭便车
It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.【2012北京】你能让我搭便车回家真好。
lift one’s spirits 使某人开心起来，使某人振奋起来
On the road of life, the help of strangers can lighten our loads and lift our spirits.【2013重庆完形】在人生的路上，陌生人的帮助可以减轻我们的负担并且让我们振奋起来。

light [laɪt] n. 光；灯；交通信号灯 v. 点燃；照亮 adj. 轻的；明亮的；淡色的；
We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules, stopping at the red light rather than complaining about traffic jams.【2013江苏写作】我们应该资源并且严格遵守交通规则，在红灯的时候停下来而不是抱怨交通堵塞。
The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon.【2013湖北阅读】天空十分晴朗并且被月光照亮了。
People often greet each other with light cheek kisses.【2014浙江阅读】人们经常轻轻亲吻脸颊的方式问候彼此。
The kitchen was light and spacious 厨房明亮宽敞。
light yellow【2013浙江阅读】淡黄色
短语：throw/shed/cast light on使某事物清楚些
New light can now be thrown on ancient trading practices.【2014江西阅读】古代交易的做法被弄清楚了。

lightning [ˈlaɪtnɪŋ] n.闪电

like [laɪk] prep 像；例如 v. 喜欢
Most air pollution is caused by the burning of fuels like coal, gas and oil.【2013天津】大部分空气污染都是由燃烧例如煤炭、天然气和石油这样的燃料引起的。
It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month.【2016全国三阅读】它被叫做Apple Day 但实际上更像 Apple Month。
I like getting up very early in summer.【2013全国】我喜欢在夏天早起。
短语：would like to do想要，希望
Would you like to join us in the game?【2013福建】你想加入我们的比赛吗？
like作动词时的反义词为：dislike v. 不喜欢

likely [ˈlaɪklɪ] adj. adv. 很可能(的)
Although the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.【2014湖南】尽管警察认为他是最可能罪犯，因为没有确切的证据他们还不能逮捕他。
短语：It is likely that 可能……
It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world’s shrinking rainforests.【2014安徽阅读】我们治愈疾病的最好机会可能在世界上日益减少的雨林的某个地方是极有可能的。
be likely to do sth 可能做某事
Why are engineering graduates more likely to accept a job?【2015全国一】为什么工程专业的学生更有可能接受工作?

limit [ˈlɪmɪt] n. 极限；边界，界限；v. 限制
The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but whether he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.【2012安徽】一个人的智商极限总的来说在出生时是固定的，但是是否达到这些极限取决于环境。
The Brisbane City Council (BCC) is responsible for bus and ferry services within the city limits and suburbs.【2014江苏阅读】BCC对市区内以及郊区的公交和货车服务负责。
I was limited in my choices.【2015浙江完形】我在选择上受到了限制。
limit的形容词形式：limited [ˈlɪmɪtɪd] adj. 有限的
We have a very limited number of studies.【2014北京阅读】我们的研究数量非常有限。

limitation [ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃn] n. 限制；缺陷
As more people move into apartments, there are limitations on keeping of animals like dogs and monkeys.【2013陕西阅读】随着越来越多的搬入公寓，关于饲养狗狗和猴子这样的动物有一些限制。
The limitation of the research paper mainly lies in that the research sample is not large enough.【2015上海阅读】这个研究论文的缺陷在于研究样本不够大。

line [laɪn] n. 线；队；行 v. 排队

link [lɪŋk] v.联系；连接 n. 联系
用法：link A with/to B 把A和B连接/联系起来
Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers.【2015山东阅读】自从20世纪70年代以来科学家一直寻找将大脑和电脑连接起来的方式。
The change of blood pressure is not linked with the change of emotions.【2013湖南阅读】血压的变化与情绪的变化没有联系。
But the link between money and happiness is complex.【2012湖北阅读】钱与幸福的联系是复杂的。
同义词 associate；link；relate
connect A with B
把A和B联系起来 associate A with B
relate A to B

lion [ˈlaɪən] n. 狮子
lip [lɪp] n. 嘴唇
liquid [ˈlɪkwɪd] n. adj. 液体；液体的

list [lɪst] n. 清单；v. 列出，列入
students ought to make a list of the books they had read. 【2012四川阅读】学生们应该列出他们已读数目的清单。
List what you believe you can achieve.【2014重庆阅读】列出你认为你可以获得的东西的清单。

listen [ˈlɪsn] vi. 听
用法：listen to 听……
Many young people listen to classical music without realizing it is often used in films and advertisements.【2014安徽阅读】许多年轻人听经典音乐并没有意识到它经常被使用在电影和广告中。
listen in偷听
Never read his mail or listen in on personal conversations.【2014全国一阅读】不要读他的邮件或偷听私人谈话。

literature [ˈlɪtərətʃə] n. 文学
Lainey can become excited about reading when presented with literature on topics that interest her. 【2016四川完形】当被给一些他感兴趣的文学作品话题时，他就会对阅读非常兴奋。
literature的形容词形式：literary [ˈlɪtərərɪ] 文学的
According to the literary review, Shakespeare makes his characters live through their language in his plays.【2014福建】根据文学评论，莎士比亚通过语言和戏剧使他的人物栩栩如生。

litre [liːtə] n. 升

litter [ˈlɪtə] n. 垃圾 v. 乱丢杂物
Club members started doing things like recycling, picking up litter and planting trees as well as inviting other kids to join their club."【2013山东阅读】俱乐部成员开始做一些事情，比如回收、捡垃圾、种树以及邀请其他孩子加入俱乐部。
These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causing serious harm to life and the environment.【2013安徽作文】这些天，破坏交通法以及乱扔垃圾并不少见，这些对环境和生活造成了严重的危害。
同义词：rubbish n. 垃圾；trash n. 垃圾；garbage n. 垃圾； waste n. 垃圾

little [ˈlɪtl] adj. 小的；少的 pron. 几乎没有 a little 一些

live [lɪv] v. 居住，生活；存活 adj. 活的；现场直播的；现场表演的 adv. 现场直播；现场演出
Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities.【2013北京阅读】今天82%的美国人生活在城市里
In lab tests, Taylor said he found the fish can live up to 66 days out of water without eating.【2014全国二阅读】在实验室的测试中，Taylor说鱼离开水不吃东西可以存活多达66天。
The researchers say robotic dogs have some advantages over live dogs, especially for old people. 【2006天津阅读】 研究表明机器狗比活着的狗有优势，尤其对老人而言。
This is certainly having an influence on the live sports events themselves.【2015江西回答问题】这对现场直播的体育赛事本身就有影响。
Last night, there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV.【2014北京阅读】
昨天晚上，有数百万人在电视上看了开幕式的直播。
live/lead a……life 过着……的生活
They wanted him to live a normal life.【2013浙江阅读】他们想过一个正常的生活。
live with 容忍；和……在一起生活
Scientists suggest older people may expect life to be harder and learn to live with it.【2012湖北阅读】
科学家暗示：老年人预计他们的生活会更加艰难并且学会去容忍。
Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers.【2014广东完形】父母觉得很难与青少年在一起生活。
live through 经历
The first two weeks were the most difficult to live through.【2013上海阅读】前两周是最难经历的。
live on 继续存在；靠……生活 （此时等于live off）；以……为主食
Mumbet died in 1829, but her legacy lived on in her many descendants(后裔).【2014山东阅读】Mumbet死于1829年，但是他的遗产在其后裔当中仍然存在。
But holidays are expensive and, for those on low wages or living on benefits，they are often unobtainable.【2012福建阅读】度假的费用很高，对于那些收入很低或以救济为生的人来说，去度假是不可能的。
They live on bread and potatoes.【高考真句】他们以面包和马铃薯为主食。
live up to 符合，不辜负；履行
Had he lived up to her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.【2015湖北】要是他履行了他的诺言他会成功进入耶鲁大学。
I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.【2015 陕西作文】我确定我不会辜负你的期望。

lively [ˈlaɪvlɪ] adj.充满活力的；生动有趣的；活跃的；激动人心的
Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to develop to their greatest.【2015江苏】学校应该是一个充满活力的地方，鼓励个人最大程度的发展自己的潜力。
potential.
I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion.【2012安徽阅读】我预计我的演讲会取得成功并且开始了一个生动有趣的讨论。
Colorful umbrellas add to a lively atmosphere in the summer streets.【2012上海】各式阳伞给夏日街头平添了活跃的气氛。
This is a really lively party. There’s a great atmosphere, isn’t there?【2013山东】这是一个激动人心的派对，气氛特别好，不是吗？

living [ˈlɪvɪŋ] adj. 活着的；活生生的 n. 生计，收入
注意：alive 也有活着的意思，但是不用于明词前，但是living要放名词前
So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species.【2012北京阅读】到目前为止科学家已经给180万活的生物命名。
The girl could learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security.【2014上海阅读】那个女孩可以从活生生的例子中获得经验以建立安全感。
For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers.【2015安徽阅读】许多年来主要爱尔兰人作为农民谋生。
短语：earn/make a living 谋生
It is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker.【2015安徽阅读】作为农民比作为工人谋生更困难。

living room n. 起居室

load [ləʊd] n.（车辆、人等的）负载物；工作量，负荷；负担v. 把……装上/进；（给……）装货 此时等于load up；载入（程序）
On the road of life, the help of strangers can lighten our loads and lift our spirits.【2013重庆完形】在人生的路上，陌生人的帮助可以减轻我们的负担并且让我们振奋起来。
With the work load heavier and heavier, more and more students are becoming near-sighted.【2012天津写作】伴随工作负荷越来越重，越来越多的学生变近视了。
With my load of magazines I headed toward Belleville Avenue.【2012浙江阅读】载着杂志我朝Belleville Avenue走去。
He loaded his family into the car.【2014福建完形】他把家人装进汽车
I loaded up something like a lawn chair, a pole, and headed back to the yard.【2013全国一阅读】我卸了一些例如椅子和棍子东西，然后回到了院子。
The video loads very quickly.【2013全国一阅读】视频载入的非常快。
短语：a load of等于loads of 大量
When India had not opened up its markets to the world, I carried suitcase loads of dark glasses and jeans.【2014辽宁阅读】当印度还没有向世界开放市场的时候，我的手提箱里有大量的墨镜和牛仔裤。

loaf [ləʊf] n. 一个面包

local [ˈləʊkl] adj. 当地的 n. 当地人
donations from a local newspaper.【2016上海阅读】来自当地政府的捐赠
The locals knew nothing about me.【2013江苏完形】当地人对我一无所知。
local的另一名词形式：location
local的动词形式：locate

locate [ləʊˈkeɪt] v. 找出……的位置；把……建造/设置在……；
This makes it increasingly difficult for bees and other insects to locate the flowers.【2013全国一阅读】 这使蜜蜂和其他昆虫越来越难找出花的位置。
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. 【2014北京阅读】Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium被建造在Flinders Street和King Street的角落。
用法：be located prep 位于……
They are mainly located in east or central Africa.【2014辽宁阅读】他们主要位于非洲的中部和东部。
location [ləʊˈkeɪʃn] n.地点，位置
the location of the Sports Center.【2013天津】体育中心的位置

lock [lɔk] n. 锁 vt.锁住
短语：lock out 把……锁在门外
Leave your key with your neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day.【2012辽宁】留一把钥匙给你的邻居以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。
lock sb in 把某人锁在……里面
He was locked in a basement.【2014四川完形】他被锁在地下室里面。
be locked in 陷入
The car and the elevator have been locked in a “secret war” for over a century.【2014湖北阅读】一个世纪以来，汽车和电梯陷入了一场秘密战争。

locust [ˈləʊkəst] n. 蝗虫

lonely [ˈləʊnlɪ] adj. 孤独的, 寂寞的；荒凉的
These jobs didn’t pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city. 【2013安徽阅读】这些工作报酬不高，人们感到孤独并对城市里的生活感到失望。
Finally he reached a lonely island which was completely cut off from the outside world.【2013山东阅读】最后他们到了一座荒凉的岛屿，那里完全与外部世界隔绝。
易混词：alone adj. adv单独；独自
lonely的名词形式：loneliness n. 孤独，寂寞；荒凉

long [lɔŋ] adj. 长的adv. 长地 v. 渴望
Scientists had long been looking for these caves.【2012福建阅读】科学家们很长时间都在寻找这些洞穴。
用法：long to do 渴望做……
My father had longed to play music since childhood.【2014福建完形】我的爸爸自从童年时就渴望演奏音乐。
long for sth 渴望某物
He knew that he would soon have enough money for the bicycle he longed for.【2014北京完形】他知道他很快就有足够多的钱购买他渴望的自行车。
so/as long as 只要…… （连词）；和……一样长
Although we are suffering such a severe natural disaster, we will eventually overcome the temporary difficulty as long as we don't lose heart.【2013上海】尽管遭受如此严重的自然灾害，但只要不灰心，我们终会克服暂时的困难。
no longer= not any longer 不再
She no longer liked her job as a teacher.【2013全国二阅读】她不再喜欢老师这个工作了。
long before很久以前
I had a problem long before I knew it.【2013浙江阅读】很久以前我就知道我有一个问题。
before long 不久以后
You may start out slow, but before long you're pretty quick.【2012四川阅读】你可能开始的时候很慢，但是不久之后就会很快了。

look [lʊk] v. 看；看起来 n. 表情；看
Your daughter is at the age when she's trying to look beautiful.【2013上海阅读】你的女儿正处于一个努力使自己看上去更漂亮的年龄。
The professor could tell by the cold look in Maris's eyes that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture.【2015浙江】教授可以从Maris眼中那茫然的表情判断出该讲座她一个字都听不懂。
look at 看，阅读；
We found that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions. 【2015湖南阅读】我们发现东方人和西方人看不同的面部特点来阅读面部表情。
look after （等于take care of）照顾；照看，料理
Four days later Ann was still looking after the dog.【2014山东阅读】四天后安还在照顾那个狗狗。
If asked to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.【2013江西】如果被他人要求照看行李请立刻报警。
look ahead 向前看，展望未来
Keep looking ahead so that you can give the driver lots of warning before having to make a turn, or you’ll have to move to the back seat.【2012 四川阅读】不停地向前看这样你就可以在不得不转弯之前给司机一些告示
look around/round：环顾四周；
Sofia looked around at all the faces.【2014浙江阅读】Sofia环顾四周的面孔。
look back 回顾
Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of what you could call negotiation.【2012北京阅读】回顾过去的十年，有许多可以被称之为妥协的东西。
look down on 看不起
He looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government.【2015北京阅读】他看不起18世纪的牛津大学，那里的老师以政府的收入为生。
look up to 仰视，尊敬
Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them.【2013上海阅读】父母和教练都是强大的老师因为儿童通常很尊敬他们。
look for 寻找
She looked for its owner B. She gave it to Ann as a gift.【2014山东阅读】她寻找它的主人。
look forward to (doing)期盼，盼望
I looked forward to the return journey.【2015全国一阅读】我期待着返程之旅。
look on 旁观
At that time I didn’t realize my wife was looking on.【2014重庆阅读】那个时候我并不认为我的妻子在旁观。
look into 调查；朝……里面看
It is reported that the police will soon look into the case of the two missing children.【2014 江西】 据报道警方正在调查两个儿童的失踪案。
I looked into the eyes of a stranger.【2012安徽完形】我看着陌生人的眼睛。
look through/ go through 翻阅，翻查
I have looked through all my papers but I still can't find my notes.【2012全国二阅读】我已经查阅了所有的试卷，但是仍然没有找到我的笔记。
look up:在（书、计算机中）查找；向上看；
The old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.【2014福建阅读】 老人眼中充满爱意的抬头看着Tenyson，并且朝他笑了笑。
I often look up the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the internet.【2015四川】我经常在字典和互联网上查找我不认识的单词。
look out 找出；朝……外面看
Then she reached inside her blouse, looked out her remaining money, and handed it to the conductor. 【2013重庆完形】然后她把手伸进了口袋找出剩余的钱，之后递给了售票员。
look over浏览
Harrison looks over the samples and grades each one on its appearance.【2012上海阅读】Harrison浏览了这些样品并给他们的外表打分。
look to 依靠，指望
Actually，we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are.【2014重庆阅读】我们经常依靠我们的行为弄明白我们是谁。

loose [luːs] adj. 松的，不严谨的
If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused.【2015北京阅读】如果演讲的结构是不严谨的且困惑的，那么很有可能你的思维也是紊乱和困惑的。

lorry [ˈlɔrɪ] n. 大卡车

lose [luːz] vt. 输掉；损失，失去，丢失；
She might lose her teaching job.【2013浙江阅读】她可能失去教师的工作。
He lost the game. 他输掉了比赛
Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom, but for businesses it is more about whether to make or lose money.【2012陕西阅读】其他人会说穿什么是个人自由，但是对于公司而言这更多是关于挣钱还是亏钱。
用法：lose weight减肥
However hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.【2012湖南】不管你多么努力，很难在不减少摄入量的情况下减肥。
lose one’s way/bearings 迷路，迷失方向
Because we do not rest, we lose our way.【2013湖北阅读】因为我们没有休息，我们迷失了方向。
lose的名词形式为loss
lose的形容词形式为：lost

lost [lɔst] adj. 迷路的；迷茫，不知所措; 丢失的；全神贯注的；（时间、机会）浪费的，错过的；
After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team was rescued four days later.【2015上海】在暴风雨中迷路四天之后，一个海军队员被营救了
An artist discovered by chance a long lost antique Greek vase.【2013湖北】一个艺术家偶然发现早就丢失的古陶瓷。
He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in strange city.【2014全国一阅读】他向警方报了案然后坐在那儿，在陌生的城市里他感到不知所措和孤独。
children are getting lost in computer games.【2012湖南阅读】孩子们在全神贯注地玩游戏。
In the next part, the author would most probably discuss with you how to make up for the lost time. 【2013江苏阅读】在接下来的部分，作者非常有可能和你讨论如何弥补被浪费的时光。
be lost for words （因惊讶、难过）说不出话来
Even the best writers find themselves lost for words.【2015浙江】甚至最好的作家发现他们自己说不出话来。

loss [lɔs] n.失去，丧失；损失
Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm.【2014福建阅读】成功就是在不失去激情的情况下经历一场又一场的失败。
Listening to loud music at rock concerts has caused hearing loss in some teenagers.【2015湖南】在摇滚音乐会上听很大的音乐会导致青少年的受损。
be at a loss 困惑，不知所措
Willy is at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success.【2015山东阅读】Willy对于他的失败不知所措。

lot [lɔt] n. 许多 短语：a lot of 许多……

loud [laʊd] adj. 大声的; adv. 等于loudly 大声地
When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy wept a little.【2012江苏阅读】当我们一起在课堂上大声读故事的结尾的时候，我们班最坚强的孩子都哭了。
Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.【2013上海阅读】
如果年青人每天暴露在大声的音乐下，他们会有失聪的风险。

loudspeaker [laʊdˈspiːkə] n. 扬声器，喇叭
lounge [laʊndʒ] n. 休息厅；休息室
love [lʌv] n. vt. 爱；
lovely [ˈlʌvlɪ] adj. 可爱的
low [ləʊ] adj. adv. 低，矮

lower [ˈləʊə] v. 降低 adj. 更低的
Many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack.【2015全国一阅读】许多研究表明宠物的陪伴可以降低血压和增加从心脏病发作的恢复。
They have lower blood pressure.【2015全国一阅读】他们有更低的血压。
luck [lʌk] n. 运气 luck的形容词形式：lucky [ˈlʌkɪ] adj. 运气好的
luggage [ˈlʌɡɪdʒ] n. (总称)行李
lunch [lʌntʃ] n. 午餐，午饭
lung [lʌŋ] n. 肺；肺脏
高考核心词汇与练习---L （含答案）
1. lack n. 缺乏；短缺 v. 没有；缺乏；不足
( 1) He was got a bad headache for / through lack of sleep.因缺乏睡眠他患上了严重的头痛。
【答案】for / through
( 2) Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a _____ of exercise.
A. limit B. lack C. need D. demand
【答案】答案 B解析：句意：健康问题与不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼息息相关。根据句意，所表达的应是“缺乏”的意思。Limit“限制”；need“需要”；demand“需求”。故选B。
( 3) Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
【答案】答案 C解析：从句补全为：Though his parents lacked money, his parents managed to send him to university。由于lack在句中表主动，此处用现在分词。
2. lay v. 放置；搁；下（蛋）；产（卵）
( 1) One day while we were①________ (躺) on the grass, he ②________ (对……撒谎) to me that he ③________ (放置) the eggs that the hen had just ④________ (下蛋) on the table. I knew he was telling a ⑤________ (谎言).
【答案】①lying ② lied ③laid ④ laid ⑤lie
( 2) The table still _____ where I _____ it a few days before.
A. lay; lay B. laid; had laid C. lay; had laid D. was lying; had laid
【答案】答案 C解析：第一空的lay是lie的过去式；第二空有lay the table之意，laid为lay的过去分词，而D项要说…was still lying。
( 3) It’s raining outside. Please wipe your shoes on the carpet ______ in the hall before coming in.
A. lay B. laid C. lied D. lain
【答案】答案 B解析：句意：外面在下雨，进来时请首先在厅里的垫子上擦擦鞋。laid是lay的过去分词，意为“放置”在句中作后置定语，与carpet是被动关系。
3. likely a. 可能要发生的；可能属实的 ad. 可能
( 1) A: I’m likely to be very busy tomorrow.
B: ______________________I will be busy tomorrow.
【答案】It is likely that
( 2) Next after coffee, Americans are _____ to drink cola drinks, such as Coke or Pepsi, or other soft drinks.
A. possible B. likely C. probable D. as well
【答案】答案 B解析：A、B、C三项中只有likely可用于sb. / sth. be likely to do…结构。
( 3) There are few electronic applications _____ to raise fears regarding future employment opportunities than robots.
A. likely B. more likely C. most likely D. much likely
【答案】答案 B解析：句中有than，故应用比较级形式。
( 4)People are encouraged to speak openly，but careless words are to hurt others’ feelings.
A．possible B．probable
C．likely D．sure
【答案】答案C解析：常用sb./sth.be likely to do或it’s likely＋从句，表示“可能”；possible与probable后常跟that从句表示“很有可能”；be sure to do sth.一定做某事。
4. live v. 住；居住 a. 活的；现场直播的
( 1) He failed to ___________________ (辜负) his parents’ expectation.
( 2) He has __________________ (经历) two world wars.他经历了两次世界大战。
【答案】(1) live up to (2)lived through
( 3) People in the north ______ chiefly _____ wheat.
A. live; on B. eat; on C. live; by D. have; with
【答案】答案 A解析：live on“以……为主食”，on后的宾语多为rice, wheat, potatoes, money, salary, rent等；live by是指通过“什么方法、手段”来谋生，因此，有时后跟动名词。
( 4) You should _____ what your parents expect of you.
A. live up to B. stand up to C. look up to D. run up to
【答案】答案 A解析：live up to“遵守，不辜负”。stand up to“勇敢面对”；look up to“尊敬，仰慕”；run up to“（物价等）急速上升到”。
5. latter a. 后者的n. 后者
(1) I invited Tom and Mary to my birthday party. ___________ is 15 years old and ________16.我邀请了汤姆和玛丽来参加我的生日晚会。前者（汤姆）15岁，后者（玛丽）16岁。
【答案】The former ; the latter
(2) Of your two examples, I prefer the ______.
A. late B. later C. latest D. latter
【答案】答案 D解析：句意：在你举的两个例子中，我更喜欢后者。the latter“后者”，为固定短语。
(3) Our suggestion is to have a picnic in the park, the other is to go to the Museum of Folk Arts, Personally, I prefer the ______.
A. last B. next C. later D. latter
【答案】答案 D解析：later表达的是时间关系，一般用在表示一段时间的名词短语之后，表示“……之后”。latter表达的是顺序关系，与former配合，表示两者中的前者和后者。
6. limit n. 限度；限制 v. 限制；限定
( 1) Families are limited ________ four free tickets each.每户限发四张免费票。
【答案】to
( 2) —Is there any ______ to the time that I can stay here?
—Yes, you must leave here before he comes back.
A. number B. length C. limit D. matter
【答案】答案 C解析：问句句意：我呆在这里的时间有限制吗？limit表“限定，限制”之意。
( 3) In the zoo, the number of visitors is tightly ______ to avoid putting stress on the animals.
A. limited B. encouraged C. expected D. intended
【答案】答案 A解析：句意：在动物园，游客和数量受到严格限制是为了避免对动物产生压力。limite “限制”，符合题意。
7. loss n. 丧失；损失；亏损
( 1) He was ___________(茫然不知所措) what to do.
【答案】at a loss
(2) He was at a ______ what to say to the teacher’s question — obviously he was _____ in thought just now.
A. loss; losing B. loss; lost C. losing; lost D. lost; loss
【答案】答案 B解析：第一空考查固定短评at a loss，意为“困惑，不知所措”。第二空考查固定搭配be lost in“沉迷于……”。
(3) The loss has not yet been _____ accurately, but it’s believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars.
A. calculated B. considered C. completed D. controlled
【答案】答案 A解析：句意：损失还没有准确计算……。calculate“计算”，符合题意。
8. look forward to期待；盼望
(1)When I was a child，I was always looking forward to _______________ (come) to China.
【答案】coming
(2)I’m going to Beijing during the summer holidays，and I’m to seeing all of you there very much.
A．wanting B．eager
C．looking forward D．anxious
【答案】答案　C
解析　由look forward to doing sth.可知。
(3)The day we were looking forward to at last.
A．arriving B．came C．appear D．ends
【答案】答案　B
解析　由句子结构可知，空中应为谓语动词且应用过去时，故选B。
9．leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语
(1)His parents died，_______________________. 他父母双亡，使他成了孤儿。
(2)They started out hurriedly，____________ the dishes ____________ (untouch).
【答案】(1) leaving him an orphan (2)leaving ; untouched
(3)When he came back，he found the bag he had over the seat was gone.
A．left to hang B．left hanging
C．left hung D．to leave hanging
【答案】答案　B
解析　find sth.doing结构，he had left为定语从句。句意为：当他回来的时候，他发现挂在座位上的书包不见了。
(4)—Mummy，can I put the peaches in the cupboard?
—No，dear.You can’t them good.Put them in the fridge instead.
A．leave B．fit C．get D．last
【答案】答案　A
解析　答句意为：不可以，你不能使它们保存完好。应把它们放进冰箱。leave＋宾语＋形容词“使……处于某种状态”。
10．lead to导致，造成(后果)(cause，result in，bring about)；通向
(1) Carefulness ____________________________(导致) success while failure may ______________________(由……引起) carelessness.
【答案】leads to/results in/causes/brings about ; lie in/result from
(2)The good result the correct methods，that is to say，correct methods good result.
A．lies；lead B．leads to；lie in
C．lies in；lead to D．lies to；lead to
【答案】答案　C
解析　句意为：好的结果在于正确的方法，也就是说，正确的方法导致好的结果。
(3)We strongly believe that war never settles anything.It only violence.
A．runs into B．comes from
C．leads to D．begins with
【答案】答案　C
解析　由句意可知，此处应是“战争只能导致暴力”。lead to导致；造成，符合句意。
11．leave out删掉；漏掉；不理会，忽视；不受欢迎
(1) It’s high time we ___________ (动身去) the airport.
(2)You can ____________the details；just give us the main facts.
【答案】(1) left for (2)leave out
(3)The teacher stressed again that the students should not any important details while retelling the story.
A．bring out B．let out
C．leave out D．make out
【答案】答案　C
解析　由句意可知，此处应为“不应漏掉任何重要的细节”。leave out漏掉，符合句意。
(4)—How did feel to run 3,000 metres at the sports meeting?
—Terrible！Especially when I saw I was left so far by the others.
A．that；alone B．it；alone
C．that；behind D．it；behind
【答案】答案　D
解析　第一空it作形式主语，指代to run 3,000 metres at the sports meeting；第二空为leave...behind被落在后面。
12．look back on/at回顾
(1)用look的相关短语完成下面的情景
I have been ①____________ seeing my husband in the past two weeks.But he was busy ②_____________ a murder with another two policemen.As a policeman，he even ③_______________his work ④________ life.When I was ⑤________________today’s newspaper，I came across a photo of a hero.It was my husband.How proud I felt of him!
【答案】①looking forward to ; ②looking into ; ③looks upon/on ; ④as life ; ⑤looking through
(2)—Why is that old man smiling?
—Perhaps he is his childhood.
A．looking into B．looking back on
C．looking ahead D．looking through
【答案】答案　B
解析　答语句意为：或许他在回忆自己的童年。look back on回顾。
(3)It is reported that the police will soon the case of the two missing children.
A．look upon B．look after
C．look into D．look out
【答案】答案　C
解析　句意为：据报道，警方将很快调查失踪的两个孩子的案件。此处look into表示“调查”。
13．leave...behind把……抛在后面；留下；忘带
(1) Please leave my personal affairs alone. 请别管我的私事。
(2)Don’t leave your coat behind!
【答案】(1) alone (2)behind
(3)—Are you going to have a holiday this year?
—I’d love to.I can’t wait to leave this place .
A．off B．out
C．behind D．over
【答案】答案　C
解析　答语句意为：我迫不及待地想离开这个地方了。
(4)It’s unnatural for a mother to leave her child to enjoy herself.
A．alone B．lonely
C．lone D．loneliness
【答案】答案　A
解析　leave sb.alone让某人一个人待着，固定搭配。
14．let down放下；使失望；辜负；不支持；拆台
(1) My mom would not let me ________ so late at night.我妈妈不让我在晚上那么晚去。
(2)I hardly had time to think these days，let ________ relax. 我现在几乎都没时间思考，更不用说休息了。
(3)He won’t let you ________；he’s very reliable.他不会让我失望，他很可靠。
【答案】(1) out (2) alone (3)down
(4)We’ve been so many times by the importers，who always seem to be late delivering the goods.
A．let alone B．let out
C．let off D．let down
【答案】答案　D
解析　句意为：进口商们已多次使我们失望，他们似乎总是推迟交货。let down使
失望。
(5)He accidentally that he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks.
A．let out B．took care
C．made sure D．made out
【答案】答案　A
解析　由句意可知，此处为“他不小心泄露了……”。let out泄露(秘密等)，符合句意。
15．let out放出；发出；泄露(秘密等)；把(衣服)改大
(1) Don’t let go of the rope. 别松开绳子。
(2)Throwing their hats into the air，the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
伴随着获胜队的粉丝们胜利的欢呼声，大家都将帽子抛向了空中。
【答案】(1) let go of (2)out
(3)He accidentally that he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks.
A．let out B．took care
C．made sure D．made out
【答案】答案　A
解析　由句意可知，此处为“他不小心泄露了……”。let out泄露(秘密等)，符合句意。
(4)Don’t any detail in your account even if a word.
A．let out B．take care
C．make sure D．make out
【答案】答案　A
解析　词组辨析题。let out发出，泄露；take care当心，小心；make sure确信，确保；make out把……弄清楚。
16．lose heart丧失信心；泄气
(1) She ______________________(爱上) the handsome soldier when they met for the first time.
(2)As a matter of fact，nothing is too difficult if you ________________________(全神贯注) it.
【答案】(1) lost her heart to (2)put your heart into
(3)She said that we shouldn’t in time of difficulties and that we should be hopeful.
A．lose heart B．lose hearts
C．lose our hearts D．lose the heart
【答案】答案　A
解析　由句意可知，此处应是“在困难面前不应灰心丧气”。lose heart灰心丧气。
(4)Though the girl hasn’t lost heart to him，he hasn’t lost heart.
A．her；/ B．the；his
C．/；his D．her；the
【答案】答案　A
解析　lose one’s heart to sb.爱上某人；lose heart灰心丧气。
17．look on...as把……看作；把……视为
(1)I ________it ________an honour to be invited.
【答案】consider / look on / regard / take / treat I ; as
(2)I it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products.
A．make B．look
C．take D．think
【答案】答案　C
解析　take...as...把……当作/认为……，另外；look on...as...和think of...as...也有此意。若用A项，需要把后面的as去掉。
(3)We Hawaii the best place for our summer holiday.
A．consider B．regard
C．think about D．think of
【答案】答案　A
解析　consider...(as/to be...)认为……是……。
18．live with和……一起生活；忍受(不愉快的事情)
(1)He has lived ___________ (经历) two world wars.
(2)Now our monthly income is more than enough __________ (以……为生).
(3)She still lives _________ (和……生活) her parents after she got married.
【答案】(1) through (2) to live on (3)with
(4)He managed to the earthquake which killed many people.(2012·贵阳统考)
A．live through B．live on
C．be survived D．be alive
【答案】答案　A
解析　考查动词用法。句意为：地震使许多人丧生，但他却成功地活了下来。live through为及物动词短语，表示“经历过，经受”；live on以……为主食；survive为不及物动词，不用于被动语态；alive为形容词。
(5)It was difficult when she first lost her hearing，but she has learned to it.
A．live on B．live to
C．live with D．live by
【答案】答案　C
解析　live with表示“忍受”的意思，符合题意。
19．lay off裁员，解雇
(1)The car manufacturer has 1,000 workers because of the drop in sales.
A．picked out B．given up
C．dealt with D．laid off
【答案】答案　D
解析　lay off 1,000 workers使1 000名工作人员下岗。
(2)In the global financial crisis some US firms plan to workers by the thousands.
A．lay in B．lay off
C．lay down D．lay aside
【答案】答案　B
解析　句意为：在全球经济危机中，一些美国公司计划数以千计地裁员。lay off解雇，符合句意。